Chapter IX: Magellan’s Discovery (2)

There are two modern gatherings of the most important documentary illustrations of this famous voyage,—the one made by Navarrete, and the other published by the Hakluyt Society. The former constitutes the fourth volume of Navarrete’s well-known _Coleccion_; and among the variety of its papers printed or cited largely from the public archives, illustrating the fitting out of the fleet, its voyage, and the reception of Del Cano on his return, a few of the more important may be mentioned. Such is a manuscript from the library of San Isadro el Real de Madrid, purporting to be by Magellan himself; but Navarrete does not admit this. He prints for the first time an original manuscript account in the Seville archives, usually cited as the Seville manuscript, which bears the title of _Extracto de la habilitacion_, etc. It gives an enumeration of the company which composed the force on the fleet. The Navarrete volume also contains the log-book of Francisco Albo, or Alvaro, printed, it is claimed by Stanley (who also includes it in the Hakluyt Society volume), from a copy in the British Museum, which was made from the original at Simancas. It follows the fortunes of the fleet after they sighted Cape St. Augustine. Muñoz had found in the Archives of Torre de Tombo a letter of Antonio Brito to the King of Portugal, and Navarrete gives this also.[1624] A letter of Jean Sebastian del Cano to Charles V., dated Sept. 5, 1527, describes the voyage, and is also to be found here.[1625]

The Hakluyt Society volume borrows largely from the lesser sources as given in Navarrete, and among other papers it contains the brief narrative which is found in Ramusio as that of an “anonymous Portuguese.” It also gives an English version of what is known as the account of the Genoese pilot, one Joan Bautista probably. This story exists in three Portuguese manuscripts: one belongs to the library of the monks of S. Bento da Sande; another is in the National Library at Paris; and from these two a text was formed which was printed in 1826 in the _Noticias Ultramarinhas_ (vol. iv.) of the Lisbon Academy of History, as “Roteiro da viagem de Fernam de Magalhâes” (1519). A third manuscript is in the library of the Academy of History at Madrid. As edited by Luigi Hugues, it is printed in the fifteenth volume of the _Atti della Società Ligure di Storia Patria_.

The narrative in the preceding text has shown that the precise statements of latitude made by the Genoese pilot have wholly destroyed the value of all speculations as to the route of Magellan from the Straits to the Ladrones which were published before this “Roteiro” became known. The track laid down on the older globes is invariably wrong, and Magellan’s course was in reality that along which the currents would easily have propelled him, being that of the Antarctic stream of the Pacific, which Humboldt has explained.[1626] Stanley also points out that the narrative given in Gaspar Correa’s _Lendas da India_ is the only authority we have for the warning given to Magellan at Teneriffe by Barbosa; and for the incident of a Portuguese ship speaking the “Victoria” as the latter was passing the Cape of Good Hope.

One Pedro Mexia had seen the fleet of Magellan sail, and had likewise witnessed the return of Del Cano. A collection of miscellanies, which he printed as early as 1526, under the title of _Silva_, and which passed through many editions, affords another contemporary reference.[1627] It is hardly worth while to enumerate the whole list of more general historical treatises of the sixteenth and even seventeenth centuries,[1628] which bring this famous voyage within their scope. It seems clear, however, that Oviedo had some sources which are not recognizable now, and some have contended that he had access to Magellan’s own papers. Herrera in the ninth book of his eleventh Decade in the same way apparently had information the sources of which are now lost to us. The story of Magellan necessarily made part of such books as Osorius’s _De Rebus Emmanuelis gestis_, published at Cologne in 1581, again in 1597, and in Dutch at Rotterdam in 1661-1663. Burton in his _Hans Stade_ (p. lxxxvi) calls the _Relacion y derrotero del Viaje y descubrimiento del estrecho de la Madre de Dios, antes llamado de Magallanes por Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa_, published in 1580, an unworthy attempt to rob Magellan of his fame.

The modern studies of Magellan and his career have been in good hands. Navarrete when he made his most important contribution of material, accompanied it with a very careful _Noticia biográfica_ of Magellan, in which he makes exact references to his sources.[1629]

A critical life of Magellan was prefixed by Lord Stanley to his Hakluyt Society volume in 1874. R. H. Major in his _Prince Henry the Navigator_ included an admirable critical account, which was repeated in its results in his later volume, _Discoveries of Prince Henry_.

A paper on the search of Magellan and of Gomez for a western passage was read by Buckingham Smith before the New York Historical Society, a brief report of which is in the _Historical Magazine_, x. (1866) 229; and one may compare with it the essay by Langeron in the _Revue Géographique_ in 1877.

A number of more distinctive monographs have also been printed, beginning with the _Magellan, oder die Erste Reise um die Erde nach dem vorhanderen Quellen dargestellt_ of August Bürck, which was published in Leipsic in 1844.[1630] Dr. Kohl, who had given the subject much study, particularly in relation to the history of the straits which Magellan passed, published the results of his researches in the _Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde in Berlin_ in 1877,—a treatise which was immediately republished separately as _Geschichte der Entdeckungsreisen und Schiffahrten zur Magellan’s Strasse_. In 1881 Dr. Franz Wieser, a professor in the University at Innspruck, examined especially the question of any anterior exploration in this direction, in his _Magalhâes-strasse und Austral Continent auf den globen des Johannes Schöner_, which was published in that year at Innspruck.[1631] About the same time (1881) the Royal Academy at Lisbon printed a _Vida e Viagens de Fernão de Magalhães, com um appendice original_, which, as the work of Diego de Barros Arana, had already appeared in Spanish.

The bibliography of Magellan and his voyage is prepared with some care by Charton in his _Voyageurs_, p. 353; and scantily in St. Martin’s _Histoire de la Géographie_, p. 370.

* * * * *

EDITORIAL NOTE.—A section on the “Historical Chorography of South America,” tracing the cartographical history of that continent, together with a note on the “Bibliography of Brazil,” is reserved for Vol. VIII.

INDEX.

[Reference is commonly made but once to a book if repeatedly mentioned in the text; but other references are made when additional information about the book is conveyed.]

AA, VANDER, his collection, 68;
map of the Pacific coast, 467.
_See_ Vander Aa.

Abancay River, 544.

Abarca, P., _Reyes de Aragon_, 68.

Abayoa, 233.

Abert, J. W., _Report on New Mexico_, 487, 501.

Ablyn, _Nieuwe Weerelt_, 410.

Abreu de Galineo, 36.

Acadia (Larcadia), 451, 453.

Acapulco, 392, 441;
view of, 394;
commerce with Philippines, 454.

Acklin Island, 92.

Acla, 198, 199, 509.

Acoma, 485, 487, 504.

Aconcaqua, 524, 528.

Acosta, Col. J., _Hist. N. Granada_, 582.

Acosta, José de, in Peru, 552;
used Duran’s manuscript, 420;
account of him, 420;
_De Natura Novi Orbis_, 420;
on the conversion of the Indians, 420;
on the natives of Peru and Mexico, 420;
_Hist. nat. y moral de las Indias_, 420;
_Beschreibung der America_, 420;
_New Welt_, 420;
_America oder West India_, 420;
_East and West Indies_, 420.

Actahachi, 248.

_Actes de la Société d’Ethnologie_, 50.

Acuco, 487, 490.

Acuña, bishop of Caracas, 560;
_Rio de las Amazons_, 589;
translated by Gomberville, 584.

Acus, 477, 480.

Adda, G. d’, 47.

Adlard, Geo. _Amye Robsart_, 466.

Admiral’s map, 112.

Adrian VI., 235.

Adrian, Cardinal, 307.

Æneas Sylvius, 30;
his _Historia_, 31;
annotated by Columbus (cut), 32.

Africa, geography of, 39;
circumnavigated by the ancients, 40;
sketch-map of explorations (cut), 40;
map of (1490), 41;
supposed to be connected with America, 127;
coast of, by Ptolemy, 165;
map of (1509), 172;
in Pomponius Mela’s map, 180.

Agathodæmon maps, 28.

Agile, 246.

Agnese, Baptista, portolano of Charles V., 222;
map of the Moluccas, 440;
map (1539), 445;
map (1554), 448.

Agricola, Rudolphus, 182;
his tract _Ad Vadianum_, 182.

Aguado, Juan, 17.

Aguilar, 463.

Aguilar, Conde de, 390.

Aguilar, Francisco de, 260.

Aguilar, Marcos de, 386.

Aguilar, Martin, his voyage, 461.

Aguirre, F. de, 528.

Aguirre, Lope de, his revolt from Ursua, 582;
killed, 582;
account of, 582.

Ahumada, Pedro de, 254.

Ailly, Pierre d’ (Petrus de Aliacus), 28;
_Ymago Mundi_, 28;
notes on, by Columbus, 29;
fac-simile of them, 31.
_See_ D’Ailly.

Alabama River, 295.

Alaman, Lúcas, translates Prescott, 427;
_Historia de la República Méjicana_, ii, 428;
_Historia de Méjico_, 428;
_Disertaciones_, 256, 365.

Alaminos, Anton de, pilot, 201, 203, 233, 234, 236, 283.

Alarcon, Hernando, sent to support by sea Coronado’s expedition, 443,
481;
on the Colorado, 481;
his buried message found, 486.

Alaska, first fairly mapped, 464;
(Alaschka), 469.

Albertini, Francesco, _Opusculum de Romæ_, 154;
_De Roma prisca_, 154.

Albertus Magnus, 28;
his portrait (cut), 29;
_De natura locorum_, 64;
edited by Tanstetter, 173.

Albo (Alvaro), Francisco, log-book, 615.

Alcabala, 561.

Alcalde, duties of, 348.

Alcaforado, Francisco, 38.

Alcantara, Francisco Martin de, 512.

Alcantara, Martin de, 534.

Alcarraz, Diego d’, 486, 491, 496.

Alcazar, _Campañía de Jesus_, 279.

Alcon, Pedro, 511.

Aldana, 239.

Aldana, Lorenzo de, 239, 540, 541, 545, 556, 569.

Alderete, J. de, 528.

Aleutian Islands, first fairly mapped, 464.

Aleque, F. X., 399.

Alexander VI., Pope, 13;
his Bull, 13, 45;
bust of, 44;
addressed by Columbus, 46.
_See_ Bull; Demarcation.

Alfinger, Ambrosio de, his expedition, 579.

Alguazil, 553.

Alibamo (Alimamu, Limamu), 250.

Allard, Carolus, his _Atlas_, 466.

Allefonsce, rough sketch-map of the Antilles, 227.

Allegania, name proposed for the United States, 178.

Allegretti, Allegri, his _Ephemerides_, 1.

Allen, J. A., _Bibliography of Cetacea_, 420.

_Allgemeine geographische Ephemeriden_, 140, 593.

Almagro, Diego, 196, 505;
proclaimed governor of Peru, 534;
his career, 506;
follows Pizarro, 507;
made governor of Tumbez, 512;
breaks with Pizarro, 512;
brings re-enforcements, 517;
likeness, 518;
asks for a province, 518;
agreement with Pizarro, 522;
goes to conquer Chili, 523;
enters and claims Cusco, 525;
conference with Pizarro, 526;
defeated and put in chains, 527;
his son Diego, 527;
killed, 527, 536.

Almanacs, early, 102.

Almendral (Almendras), Martin de, 577.

Alonzo V. (Portugal), 3.

Altamaha, 246.

Altamirano, D. G., 545.

Alva, Duke of, 88.

Alvarado, Alonzo de, 534, 541;
advances on Cusco, 526;
defeated, 526;
escapes from Cusco, 526;
likeness, 544;
defeated by Giron, 545.

Alvarado, Garcia de, 535.

Alvarado, Gomez de, 527.

Alvarado, Gonzalo, his manuscript on the conquest of Guatemala, 419.

Alvarado, Hernando de, 503.

Alvarado, Pedro de, 351;
his portrait, 366, 398;
autog., 367;
with Grijalva, 203;
in Mexico, 367;
at the second siege, 376;
receives Tapia, 380;
in Guatemala, 383;
accounts of his trial, 398, 419;
in Peru, 520;
his report to Cortés, 411;
his despatches from Guatemala, 419;
returns to Guatemala, 522;
new grant to, 522.

Alvarez, 537, 538.

Alvaro. _See_ Albo.

Alviles, Diego, 506.

Alzate, 375.

Amador de los Rios, José, edits Oviedo, 346.

Amaguayo, 233.

Amandus, _Chronica_, 417.

Amat di San Filippo, Pietro, _Biog. dei viaggiatori Italiani_, 155;
_mappamondi, etc._, 155;
_Studi biog. e bibliog._, 93.

Amat, _Dic. de los escritores Catalanes_, 45.

Amatepeque, 503.

Amati, _Ricerche_, 51.

Amazon, 519;
discovered, 528;
history of the, 579;
(Paricura, Marañon, Orellana), 188;
sketch-map, 581.

Amazons (female warriors), 584, 585;
(in New Mexico), 474.

Amboyna, 591.

Amelia Island, 282.

_America, La_, 47.

America, in Schöner’s globe (1535), 118;
name on the Tross gores, 120;
on the Da Vinci sketch, 126;
paper on the naming of, by Justin Winsor, 153;
name proposed in _Cosmog. introd._, with fac-similes, 146, 168;
earliest use of name on maps, 171, 172;
should be called Columba, 174;
a part of Asia, 176;
the name first applied to the entire continent (1541), 178;
name of, in editions of Ptolemy, 184.
_See_ North America, South America.

American Ethnological Society, _Transactions_, 501.

_American Journal of Numismatics_, 470.

American Philosophical Society’s _Transactions_, 35.

_American Review_, 501.

Amichel, 284;
named by Garay, 237.

Amigos del Pais, _Informe_, etc., 82.

Amoretti, Charles, on Maldonado, 456;
publishes Pigafetta, 614.

Amuca, 589.

Amunátegui, M. L., _Descub. i conq. de Chile_, 573;
_La sorpresa de Curalava_, 573.

Anahuac plateau, 358, 359.

Anaica, 246.

_Analectic Magazine_, 50.

_Anales de Aragon_, 68, 421.

Anaquito, 538.

Añasco, Juan de, 245, 246.

Ancients, their references to western lands, 25.

Ancona, _Yucatan_, 429, 558.

Ancoras, 449.

Ancuparius, Thos., 173.

Andagoya, Pascual de, 196, 199, 212, 505, 541, 564;
his _Relation_, 212, 214, 564;
edited by Markham, 212, 564;
inspector-general, 506;
his life, 564;
in Biru, 506;
founds Buenaventura, 536.

Andahuaylas, 519.

Andalusian bibliophiles, 66.

Anderson, _America not discovered by Columbus_, 33.

Andes, 514. _See_ Cordilleras.

Andrade, J. M., 422;
his library, 399;
its sale, 430.

Anghiera. _See_ Martyr.

Anian, early use of the name, 445;
on the Asiatic coast, 445.

Anian, Gulf of, 454.

Anian Regnum, 452, 454, 459, 472.

Anian, Straits of, origin of the name, 445;
first on maps, 449;
mentioned, 445, 451, 453, 454, 455, 459, 461, 463, 464, 465, 466,
467;
Goldson on, 456.

Anson, _Voyages_, 467.

Antarctic continent, 119, 433, 454, 457;
(Terra Australis), 459.

Antichthones, 180.

Antigua, 197;
abandoned, 199.
_See_ Santa Maria.

Antilhas, 108.

Antilles (Antiglie), 220;
(Entillas), 226;
first named, 38.

Antillia, 105, 115;
(Antiglie), 121;
(island), 36, 38.

Antischia, 584.

Antonio, _Bibliotheca Hisp. nova_, 575.

Antonio de la Ascension, 460.

Antwerp, _Bull. de la Soc. geog._, 59.

Anza, 468.

Apalche, 281.

Apalache Bay, 243, 283, 288.

Apalaches, 295.

Apianus, Petrus (Bienewitz), _Cosmog. liber_, 173, 174, 182;
_Declaratio typi cosmographici_, 176, 182;
account of him, 182;
annotated by G. Frisius, 183;
later editions, 184, 185, 186;
his likeness, from Reusner, 179;
another likeness, 185;
bibliography of, 180, etc.;
his map (1520), 122, 173, 182;
fac-simile of it, 183.

Apollonius, Levinus, _De Peruviæ regionis_, 576.

Apurimac, 520.

Arabs, their marine charts, 94.

Aragon, archives of, ii.; chronicles of, 68.

Arana, Diego de, 10;
_Bibliog. de obras anón._, 66, 289.

Araucanians, 524, 548;
wars of, 561, 573;
poem on, by Ercilla, 571.

Araucaria, 562.

Arauco, 524.

Arbadaos, 244.

Arbolancha, Pedro de, 196, 211.

Archæological Institute of America, _Reports_, 502.

Arche, 491.

_Archivo dos Açores_, 40.

_Archivo Mexicano_, 398.

Arciniega, Sancho de, 278.

Arctic Ocean (mare septentrionale incognito), 451.

Ardoino, Ant. defence of C. de Vaca, 286;
_Exámen_, 286.

Arellano, C. d’, 258.

Arellano, Tristan d’, 213, 482, 486, 489, 504;
attacked, 495.

Arenas (Cape), 281.

Arequipa, 519, 558, 559;
founded, 523.

Argensola, _Anales de Aragon_, 91;
_Conq. de las islas Malucas_, 616.

Arguello, Hernando de, 213.

Arias, Gomez, 503;
seeks De Soto, 253.

Aribau, B. C., 584.

Arica, 519.

Aristotle, 24;
_De mundo_, 26.

Arizona, 477.

Arkansas Indians, 294.

Armas, J. L. de, _Las Cenizas de Colon_, 82.

Armendariz, 581, 582.

Armor of Columbus’ time (cut), 4;
of Cortés’ time, 360;
Spanish, 539, 544, 550.

Arms of Spanish towns and provinces, 409.

Arnim, T., _Das alte Mexico_, 362, 428.

Arrowsmith, his maps show Lake Parima, 589.

Arthus, Gothard, 420;
_India orientalis_, 616.

Arx Carolina, 269.

Ascension Bay in Yucatan, 203.

Asensio, J. M., _Los restos de Colon_, 82.

Asia, in Pomponius Mela’s map, 180.

Asian theory, 42. _See_ America.

Aspa, Ant. de, 89.

Asseline, David, _Antiquitéz de Dieppe_, 34.

Astaburriaga, F. S., 573.

Astete, Miguel, his narrative, 566.

Astrolabe, 96;
picture of, 96.

Astronomers, important on early voyages, 148.

Atabillos, Marquis of, 522.

Atacama, 559;
desert, 524.

Atacames, 508.

Atahualpa, 514;
portraits of, 515, 516;
made prisoner, 516;
offers ransom, 517, 566;
murdered, 517.

Atienza, Blas de, 520;
with Balbóa, 520.

Atienza, Blas de (son), _Relacion_, 520.

Atlantic Ocean, names of, 36;
called “Mare del Nort”, 451.

Atlantis, 37.

Atrato (river), 198, 509.

_Atti della Soc. Ligure di Storia Patria_, 106, 616.

Attwood’s Bay, 56.

Aubin manuscripts, 418.

Audiencia, 348;
of New Spain, 387;
of San Domingo, 382.

Augustinian friars, 399.

_Ausland_, _das_, 9, 66, 103.

Aute (harbor), 243.

Auto da fé in Peru, 557.

Autun, d’, 28.

Avavares (Indians), 244.

Avendaño, Diego de, 343.

Avila, Alonso de, 351, 429, 520.

Avila, Pedro Arias d’, 505;
governor of Nicaragua, 508.
_See_ Pedrárias.

Avila. _See_ Davila, Gil Gonzales.

Axacan, 260, 282.

Ayala, Pedro de, 518.

Ayays, 253.

Ayllon, Lucas Vasquez de, of St. Domingo, 238;
on the Florida coast, 240;
land of, 221;
in Virginia, 241;
dies, 241;
authorities on, 285;
map of his explorations, 285.

Ayora, 197.

Azevedo (Jesuit), 278.

Azores, 105, 115, 451; in 1541, 177;
_Archivo dos Açores_, 40;
rediscovered, 38.

Aztec civilization, described by Prescott, 425;
doubted by Wilson, 427.

Aztec literature, 417.

Aztecs before the Conquest, as described by Sahagun, 416;
driven from Mexico, 445.

BABUECA, 127.

Baccalaos, 128, 432, 434, 436;
(Bacalaos), 223, 228, 446;
(Bacalar), 126;
(Baccallaos), 435;
(Bacallaos), 435;
(Bacaalear), 432;
(Baccalearum regio), 177, 433;
(Bacalhos), 446;
(Baccalos), 451;
(Baqualan), 450;
map of, 435.

Bachiler, _Apuntes para la hist. de Cuba_, 230.

Backer, _La compagnie de Jésus_, 420.

Backstaff, 98, 100.
_See_ Cross-staff.

Bacon, Fr., _Life of Henry VII._, 3.

Bacon, Roger, 28;
_Opus Majus_, 28.

Badajos, Gonzalo de, 198.

Badajos, Congress of, 439.

Baerle, K. van, edits Herrera, 461.

Baez, 282.

Baguet, “Ces restes de Colomb”, 82.

Bahamas (Banama), 217;
discovered, 233;
number of, 53;
map, 55;
slaves taken at, 236.

Bahia de Cavallos, 243.

Bahia de la Cruz (Apalache), 243, 288.

Balbóa, M. C., _Histoire du Peru_, 576.

Balbóa, Vasco Nuñez de, 193;
hears of the Southern Sea, 194;
discovers it, 176, 195, 211, 217, 436, 439, 505;
his trial, 197;
executed, 199, 212, 213;
authorities on, 210;
portrait, 195.

Balbuena, _El Bernardo_, 430.

Baldelli, _Milione di Marco Polo_, 156.

Baldi, _C. Colombo_, 69.

Baldwin, C. C., 457;
_Prehistoric Nations_, 25.

Ballenar, 524.

Balsas, Rio, 198.

Bamba, river, 521.

Banchero, G., iv.; ed. of _Codice_, 72.

Bancroft, Geo., on Prescott, 427.

Bancroft, H. H., his manuscripts, viii;
on Herrera, 67;
his _Early American Chroniclers_, 207;
his authorities on Mexican history, 399;
criticism of Prescott, 425;
his lists of books on Mexico, 430;
his _Native Races_, 502;
_History of Pacific States_, 502;
_North Mexican States_, 502;
_Central America_, 207, 502, 578;
_Mexico_, 428, 429, 502;
_California_, 502;
_Northwest Coast_, 502;
_New Mexico and Arizona_, 502.

Banda, 591.

Bandelier, A. F., on Chimalpain, 412;
bibliography of Yucatan, 215, 429, 430;
_Historical Introduction to Studies among the Sedentary Indians_,
477, 502;
and the _Codex Chimalpopoca_, 418;
_Ruins in the Valley of Pecos_, 488.

Bandini, A. M., _Vita di Vespucci_, 131, 154.

Banks, Sir Joseph, 226.

Baranda, vii.

Barbosa, Duarte, _Sommario_, 613.

Barburata, 581.

Barcelona, archives at, ii.

Barcia, Andres Gonzales, _Ensayo cronológico_, 283;
_Historiadores primitivos_, 401;
edits Herrera, 67;
edits G. de la Vega’s _Florida_, 290;
edits Torquemada, 422.

Barco, Pedro del, 517.

Barentz, 460.

Barlæus, _Novus Orbis_, 67.

Barlow, S. L. M., prints Harrisse’s _Notes on Columbus_, viii.;
his library, 48.

Baronius, _Annales_, 592.

Barreiros, _De Ophira regione_, 154.

Barrio-Nuevo, F. de, 212, 495.

Barros, Arana Diego de, _Collection d’ouvrages inédits ou rares sur
l’Amérique_, 573;
_Proceso de Valdivia_, 569;
_Coleccion de historiadores de Chile_, 572;
book on Magellan, 617.

Barros, João de, _Asia_, 90.

Barrow, _Chronological History of Voyages_, 33, 455.

Barry, J. J., on Columbus, 69.

Bartlett, J. R., on C. de Vaca’s route, 287;
on early printing in Mexico, 400.

Bartolozzi, F., _Ricerche circa scoperte di Vespucci_, 162;
_Relazione_, 162.

Basanier, 293, 298.

Basle, treaty of, 80.

Basos, 449.

Bassin de Sandacourt, 145, 164.

Bastidas, Rodrigo, 109, 189, 581;
authorities on his voyage, 206, 207;
his voyage, 22, 204.

Bauçault bay, 606.

Baudoin, J., 575.

Bautista, Joan, pilot, 616.

Bayuera, C., _Copia de la lettera per Colombo_, 62.

Bazan, Pedro de, 241.

Bazares, Guido de, 257.

Beaupré, 614.

Becerra, Diego, 198, 441.

Becher, _Landfall of Columbus_, 54.

Bede, 28.

Behaim, Martin, his career, 104;
his claim to early discoveries, 34;
his map of Magellan’s straits, 35, 604;
improves the astrolabe, 97;
on the African coast, 41;
portrait, 104;
his globe, 25, 104;
section of, 105;
described, 105.

Behring on the Asiatic coast, 464;
his straits, 468.

Béjar, duque de, 390.

Belen, river, 22.

Belgrano, L. T., _Ossa di Colombo_, 83.

Belknap, Dr. Jeremy, on Columbus, 68;
his _American Biography_, 68.

Bellegarde, Abbé de, 341.

Bellegarde, _Histoire universelle_, 410.

Bellero, Juan, 186;
his map, 227, 412.

Bellin, Nic., his map of California, 468.

Belloro, G. T., on Columbus’ birthplace, 84;
_Notizie_, 84.

Belloy, Marquis de, _Colomb_, 69.

Benaduci, Lorenzo Boturini, 2;
his manuscripts, 397, 418;
_Idea de una nueva historia_, etc., 418, 429;
_Catalogo_, 429.

Benalcazar, Seb., 196, 538, 580.

Beneventanus, Marcus, 121, 154.

Benincasa, Andreas, portolano, 38.

Benzoni, Girolamo, 346;
_Historia del mondo nuovo_, 346, 347;
its bibliography, 347;
his portrait, 347;
_Nuovamente ristampata_, etc., 347;
on Columbus, 67;
_Novæ novi orbis historiæ libri_, 297, 347;
in De Bry, 347;
_Der newenn Weldt_, 347;
German versions, 347;
Dutch versions, 347;
English versions, 347.

Berardi, Juanoto, 131, 142.

Berckman, A., 184.

Berendt, C. H., 402.

Bergenroth, G. A., edits Rolls Series, i.;
_Calendar of Letters_, etc., i.;
finds a Columbus letter, 47;
_Calendar of State Papers_, 47;
on Isabella, 5.

Bergomas, _Supplementum supplementi_, 64.
_See_ Foresti.

Beristain, _Bibliotheca Hispano-Americano_, 429.

Berlin, Catalogue of manuscripts in the library at, 449;
Gesellschaft für Erdkunde, 93;
_Berliner Zeitschrift für allgemeine Erdkunde_, 579.

Bermuda, 224, 451, 453;
(1511), 110;
(1529), 221;
(1544), 227;
(1556), 228;
first seen, 155;
(Belmudo), 229;
in the early maps, 225.

Bernaldez, Andrés, _Historia de los reyes católicos_, 47, 83.

Bernalillo, 488.

Bernard, A. J., _Geofroy Tory_, 181.

Berreo, Ant. de, 586.

Berrio, 236.

Berthoud, E. L., 467.

Bertrand in _Journal des Savants_, 471.

Berwick, Duke of, 88.

Betanzos, Juan de, 546.

Beteta, Father Gregory de, 255.

Bianco, Andrea, his sea-chart, 38, 94.

_Bibliophile Belge_, 50.

_Biblioteca de los Americanistas_, 398, 419.

Biblioteca Colombina, 65.

Biblioteca Cosatenense, 159.

_Biblioteca histórica de la Iberia_, 408, 411.

_Biblioteca nacional y extranjera_, 428.

_Biblioteca Valenciana_, iii.

_Bibliotheca Thottiana_, 171.

_Bibliothek des literarischen Vereins in Stuttgart_, 579.

_Bibliothèque Elzévirienne_, 293.

Biedma, Luys Hernandez de, _Relacion_, 289, 290;
autog., 290.

Bienewitz. _See_ Apianus.

Bigotes, 487, 488, 491.

Bimini, 110, 217, 231, 283;
fountain at, 232;
name transferred to Mexico, 447.

Biobio river, 532.

Biondelli, 415.

Biondo, _De ventis et navigatione_, 421.

Birú, 198, 199, 505, 509;
visited by Andagoya, 506.
_See_ Peru.

Bison, 477;
the range of, 244.
_See_ Buffalo.

Blaeu, _Atlas_, 587;
his maps of California, 467.

Blanco, Cape, 40, 280, 461;
(Blamquo), 448.

Blome, _Description_ (1670), 466.

Bobadilla, 20, 21, 189.

Bobadilla, Friar Fr. de, 526.

Bobadilla, Isabel del, 197.

Boca del Drago, 187.

Boca de Términos, 203.

Bocchi, Francesco, _Libri elogiorum_, 154.

Bœmus, Johannes, _Omnium gentium mores_, 615.

Boesnier, _Le Mexique conquis_, 430.

Bogotá, 581;
Federmann and others at, 579.

Bohan, 531.

Boissard, _Icones_, 67;
_Bibliotheca_, etc., 67, 73.

Bojador, Cape, 40.

Bollaert, Wm., 582.

Bonhomme, M., 186.

Boni, G., _Biblioteca Estense_, 107.

Bonnefoux, Baron de, _Vie de Colomb_, 69.

Bontier, 36.

_Bookworm_, 48.

Borde, P. G. L., _L’île de Trinidad_, 587.

Borja, J. H. de, 562.

Borroméo, Fred., Cardinal, 57, 614.

Bory de Saint-Vincent, _Les Isles Fortunées_, 36.

Bos, Van den, _Leven en Daden_, 68.

Bosschaert, 162.

Bossi, L., _Vita di Colombo_, 68.

Boston, a ship from, alleged to be met by De Fonte, 462.

Botero, _Relaciones_, 461.

Boturini. _See_ Benaduci.

Bouguer, 590.

Boulenger, Louis, 120.

Bourke, J. G., on Coronado, 503.

Bourne, _Regiment of the Sea_, 98.

Bowen, his map, 468.

Braba, 495.

Bracamoras, 527.

Bradford Club publications, 290.

Braga, John of, 596.

Branco river, 587.

Brant, Seb., portrait, 59;
_Narrenschiff_, 58.

Brantôme, _Grands capitaines_, 298.

Brasilie, 118, 119.
_See_ Brazil.

Brasseur de Bourbourg, _Popul-Vuh_, 25;
on Spanish cruelty, 343;
his authority, 418;
_Nations civilisées_, 418, 428;
on the manuscript of Bernal Diaz, 428;
edits Bishop Landa’s _Relation_, 429;
his library, 418, 430;
_Codex Chimalpopoca_, 418.

Braun and Hogenberg, _Civitates_, 378;
_Cités du Monde_, 378.

Bravo, Melchor, 542, 545, 551.

Brazil, 228, 435, 436, 437, 446;
bibliography of, 617;
cut off by line of demarcation, 596;
first visited, 150;
in the Lenox globe, 123, 170;
map of coast (1522), 598;
natives of, 597;
cannibals, 597;
called _Terra Sanctæ Crucis_, 169, 219;
(Prisilia), 121;
(Bresilia), 459.
_See_ Prisilia, Brasilie, Bresilia.

Breckenridge, H. M., _Early Discoveries in New Mexico_, 502.

Bresil (island), 36, 451, 453.

Bresilia, 433.
_See_ Brazil.

Breusing, _Gerhard Kremer_, 471.

Breusing, A., _Zur Geschichte der Kartographie_, 55.

Brevoort, J. C., on Spanish-American documents, i, vii;
on Muñoz, iii;
_Remains of Columbus_, 82;
on the arms of Columbus, 88;
on the bibliography of Cortés, 411;
on the bibliography of Gomara, 414;
on Viscaino, 461.

Breydenbach, B. de, his _Peregrinationes_, 8, 10.

Briceño, Alonzo, 510.

Briggs, Master, his map in Purchas, 462, 466.

Brinton, D. G., 279, 282;
_Aboriginal American Literature_, 419;
_Floridian Peninsula_, 283.

British Museum, Spanish documents in, vii;
_Index to Manuscripts_, vii;
_Catalogue of Spanish Manuscripts_, vii.

Brito, Ant., 616.

Brovius, 592.

Brown, Rawdon, _Calendar of State Papers_, 1;
and the Venetian archives, viii;
discovery of letters respecting Vespucius, 152.

Bruzen, la Martinière, _Introduction à l’histoire_, 468.

Buache, 468;
_Considérations géographiques_, 461;
_Découvertes de l’Amiral de Fonte_, 463;
and Kino’s map, 467;
on Maldonado, 455.

Buell, Bernardus, 58.

Buena Ventura, 509, 536.

Buffalo, early pictures (1542), of, 477, 488, 489;
first Spanish knowledge of, 487.
_See_ Bison.

Buga, 509.

Buil (or Boil), 16.

Bull of demarcation, 592;
the line moved, 592, 596.
_See_ Alexander VI.: Demarcation.

Bullart, Isaac, 73.

_Bulletin de la Société d’Anvers_, 82.

Bunbury, _History of Ancient Geography_, 95.

Bürck, August, _Magellan_, 593, 617.

Buriel opposes Delisle’s views on De Fonte, 463.

Burke, Edmund, _European Settlements in America_, 424.

Burney, _South Sea Voyages_, 461.

Burton, _Hans Stade_, 616.

Bustamante, Carlos Maria de, 398;
edits Cavo’s _Tres Siglos_, 428;
publishes Chimalpain, 412.

Butler, J. D., on the naming of America, 178;
on portraits of Columbus, 71.

Büttner, 221.

Byington, _Choctaw Definer_, 258.

Bynneman, Henry, 414.

CABALLERO, Diego, 239.

Caballero, oration on Columbus, 81.

Cabeza de Vaca, 503;
at Culiacan, 474;
_Relacion_, 499.
_See_ Vaca.

Cabezudo, J. R., 90.

Cabo. _See_ Cape.

Cabo, Deseado, 608.

Cabo Frio, 596.
_See_ Frio.

Cabot, Sebastian, compared with Columbus, 99;
his records of longitude, 100;
his map, 113, 227, 243;
on Vespucius, 154;
was he on the Florida coast, 231;
apparently ignorantof Gomez’ voyage, 242;
testifies in the Columbus lawsuit, 242;
at La Plata, 440;
an Italian, 2;
with his father discovers North America, 135;
thought it different from Asia, 136.

Cabral discovers Brazil, 24, 156, 169, 205.

Cabrera, Bueno, his _Navegacion_, 453.

Cabrera, Cristóbal, _Manual de adultos_, 400.

Cabrillo, Juan Rodriguez, on the California coast, 444, 481.

Cabusto, 250.

Cacama, 364.

Cadamosto, 40.

Cadodaguios, 294.

Cadoret, E., _Vie de Colomb_, 65, 69.

Caicedo, 194, 209, 210.

Caicos, 233.

Cakchiquels, 383.

Calancha, Ant. de la, _Coronica_, 570.

Caldera, 524.

Calderon de la Barca, 427.

Calderon de la Barca, Juan, in Chili, 531.

Calendars, published by English Government, i.

Cali, 509.

Calicut, 42.

California, coast of, in maps, 447, etc.;
map by Dudley, 465;
discovered by Cortés, 393;
origin of name, 443;
history by Clavigero, 425.

California (gulf), map of, by Cortés, 442;
called Gulf of Cortés, 443;
Red Sea, 443;
(Mer Vermiglio), 228;
map of, by Castillo, 443;
by Cabot, 447;
by Freire, 448;
(Mar Vermeio), 449;
map by Wytfliet, 458.

California (peninsula), Kino’s explorations, 467;
early thought to be an island, 442;
then held to be a peninsula, 445;
so shown on various maps, 445, etc.;
omitted on others, 446;
represented very broad, 228;
distorted in shape, 452;
by Wytfliet, 458;
later reputed to be an island, 461;
maps showing it as peninsula, 461;
earliest insularizing of it, 461;
early suspicions of its insularity, 461;
in Briggs’s map, 462;
an island on a captured Spanish chart, 462;
a peninsula in De Laet, 462;
an island, 466;
varied views, 467.

Caliquen, 246.

Callao, 519.

Callender, _Voyages to Terra Australis_, 162.

Caluça, 251.

Calvet de Estella, “De rebus gestis Cortesii”, 397.

Calveton. _See_ Chauveton.

Cam, Diego, 41;
on the African coast, 35.

Camargo, Diego de, at Pánuco, 238;
Muñoz, account of, 418;
his History of Tlaxcala, 418;
his expedition, 284;
names of his followers, 415.

Camaron, Josef, 261.

Cambiasi, Count, his sale, iv.

Camercane (islands), 177.

Camers, John, edits Mela, 182;
edits Solinus, 173.

Campanius, on California, 466.

Campe, Friedrich, _Zum Andenken Pirkheimers_, 102.

Campeche, 201, 203.

Campi, _Historia ecclesiastica di Piacenza_, 84.

Canada, 451, 453.

_Canadian Monthly_, 97.

Canaries (islands), 8, 105, 177, 451;
as first meridian, 95;
bibliography of, 36;
settled by Béthencourt, 36.
_See_ Fortunate Islands.

Canasagua, 247.

Cañate (town), founded, 547.

Cañate. _See_ Mendoza.

Cañaveral, 277.

Cañaveral, Cape, 263, 264, 295.

Cancelada, Counts of, 569.

Cancellieri, F. G., _Diss. sopro Colombo_, viii, 65, 73, 84.

Cancer de Barbastro, Luis, and the Indians, 254;
in Florida, 255;
killed, 255.

Cancheto, 187.

Cancio, 233.

Candia, P. de, 510, 512, 528, 536.

Canico. _See_ Cancio.

Canizares, _El Pleyto de Cortés_, 430.

Cannibals, 175, 220, 303, 329;
of Brazil, 597;
picture of, 19, 598.

Cannon, of Cortés’ time, 352;
cast in Mexico, 380.

Cano, Francisco, 504.

Cano, Melchior, 315.

Canoe, Indian (cut), 17;
described by Pigafetta, 596.

Canovai, S., _Elogio di Vespucci_, 155;
various publications on Vespucius, 155.

Cantino, Alberto, his map, 43, 107, 231;
sketch, 108;
illustrates Vespucius’ voyage, 156;
type of, 122.

Cantipratensis, _De rerum natura_, 28.

Canto, Ernesto do, _Archivo dos Açores_, 38;
_Os Corte-Reaes_, 107.

Cantù, _Storia universale_, 83.

Canzio, M., 78.

Cape. _See_ Arenas, Blanco, Bojador, Cañaveral, Corrientes, Good Hope,
Gracias a Dios, Hatteras, Mendocino, Mesurado, Non, Passado, Race,
Roman, Roxo, Rostro, St. Augustin, St. Helena, St. Roman, San
Francisco, Santa Maria, Stormy, Tiburon, Trafalgar.
_See also_ Cabo.

Cape Breton (Berton), 451, 453.

Cape De Verde Islands, 39, 105, 115.

Cape Gracias á Dios, 353.

Cape Race (Ras), 453.

Cape St. Lucas (de Balena), 458.

Cape St. Vincent, fight at, 1, 2.

Capiapa, 559.

“Capitana”, ship, 20.

Capponi. _See_ Gino.

Capriolo, _Ritratti_, 72.

Caravantes, F. L. de, 566.

Caravels, 7, 48.

Carbajal, F. de, joins Gonzalo Pizarro, 537;
leads Vaca de Castro’s army, 536;
executed, 542.

Carbajal, _Mexico_, 73.

Carballido y Zuniga. _See_ Barcia.

Cardenas, 496.

Cardenas y Cano, _Florida_, 575.
_See_ Barcia.

Cárdenas, F. de, his _Coleccion_, vii.

Cardenas, Garcia Lopez de, 484, 488.

Cárdenas, Luis de, 397.

Carderera, V., _Retratos de Colon_, 70.

Cardona, Nicolas de, 461.

Careta, 195.

Caribana (punta), 189.

Caribbee Islands, 16.

Carillo, Luis, 198.

Carleton, J. H., _Excursion to the Ruins of Abo_, etc., 494.

Carlos (Indian chief), 279, 282.

Carlos. _See_ Charles.

Carlyle, Thomas, on Prescott’s letters, 427.

Carmona, Alonzo de, 290.

Caroline. _See_ Fort Caroline.

Carpenter, his _Geography_, 462.

Carrion, A. de, 511.

Cartagena, 190, 191, 209, 581;
view of, 192;
taken by Lago, 584;
plundered, 262.

_Cartas de Indias_, viii, 567;
map in, 222.

Carthagena, Juan de, 592, 599, 604, 607.

Carthagena. _See_ Cartagena.

Cartier, watched by Spanish spies, 254.

Carvajal, A. S. de, factor of Columbus, iv.

Carvajal, B. de, 57.

Carver, the traveller, 469;
his _Travels_, 469.

Casa de la Contratacion, 57, 348.

Casa Grande, 482, 502.

Casas, pursues Olid, 384.

Caseneuve, 1;
(admiral), 86.

Casoni, _Annali di Genova_, 83, 90.

Casqui, 251.

Cass, Lewis, on Aztec civilization, 427.

Cassanare River, 586.

Cassano Serra, Duke de, 450.

Cassaquiari Canal, 581, 582.

Cassava bread, 598.

Castañeda, Gabriel, on the Conquest of the Chichimecs, 419.

Castañeda, Pédro de, _Relation_, 500.

Castaño de Sosa, Gaspar, 504.

Castellani, 342;
_Catalogo_, 435.

Castellanos, Juan de, his portrait, 583;
_Elegias_, 78, 583.

Castilla del Oro, 88, 169, 221, 459, 505;
map of, 190, 191.

Castilla Nueva, 212.
_See_ New Castile.

Castillo, 244;
fac-simile of his map of California, 444.

Castro, Lope Garcia de, governor of Peru, 551;
his life, 570.

Castro, Vaca de, his letters, 567;
his life by Herrera, 567.

Cat Island, 55.

Catalan mappemonde, 38, 94.

Catalutla, 392.

Catamaran, 611.

Cataneo on Columbus, 64.

Catesby, _Carolina_, 53.

Cathay, 41, 105.

Catoche, 384;
(punta), 201, 236.

Caulin, Ant., _Hist. Nueva Andalucia_, 587.

Caupolican, 548, 549.

Cavendish, 464;
on Pacific coast, 456;
captures Viscaino, 460.

Cavo, Andrés, _Tres siglos de México_, 428.

Caxamalca, 558.

Caxamarca, 514, 516, 519.

Cayas, 251.

Centeno, Diego, 538, 541.

Cenú, expedition to, 208;
(river), 189.

Cepeda, 537, 538, 540, 541.

Cepeda and Carillo, _Ciudad de México_, 375.

Cermeñon, 453.

Ceron, George, 259.

Cerpa, Diego Fernando de, 586.

Cervantes, Ant. de, 240.

Cespedes, A. G. de, _Reg. de Navigation_, 45, 461.

Chachapoyas, 519, 528;
founded, 523.

Chaco, Rio, 502.

Chac-xulub-chen, chronicle of, 419.

Chaix, Paul, _Bassin du Mississipi_, 287.

Chalco, 369.

Challcuchima, 520.

Challeux, Nicolas le (Challus), at Fort Caroline, 296;
_Discours_, 296;
_Histoire mémorable_, 296;
_True and Perfect Description_, 296;
edited by Gravier, 296;
_De Gallorum Expeditione_, 297.

Champlain, his astrolabe, 97.

Champoton, 203.

Chamuscado, F. S., 504.

Chanaral, 524.

Chanca, Dr., 57;
on Columbus’ second voyage, 89.

Channing, Edw., “Companions of Columbus”, 187.

Chapultepec, 374.

Charcas, 523, 525.

Charles III. (Spain), his care of documents, ii.

Charles V. (Spain), forms archives of Simancas, i.

Charles V. (Emperor), 88;
autog., 289, 372;
gives a map to Philip II., 222, 445, 446;
portrait in Jovius, 371;
in Herrera, 373;
portrait in title of a Latin _Cortés_, 409.

Charlesfort (Port Royal), 260, 274;
abandoned, 262.

Charlevoix on Columbus’ birth, 83;
_Isle Espagnole_, 88.

Charlotte Islands, 463.

Charton, his list of sources of Mexican history, 399;
_Voyageurs_, 10, 71.

Chaumette des Fossé, _Catalogue_, 576.

Chauveton, Urbain, 297;
translates Benzoni, 347.

Chavanne, Dr. J., 222.

Chaves, Diego de, 518.

Chaves, F. de, 518, 520, 527;
murdered, 534.

Chaves, Hieronymus, his map, 281;
description of the Atlantic coast, 292.

Chelaque, 247.

Cherokees, 247.

Chesapeake Bay visited by Spaniards, 240, 260, 282.

Chevalier, M., _Mexique ancien et moderne_, 428.

Chia, 491.

Chiaha, 247.

Chiametla, 442, 482.

Chibchas, 581.

Chicaça, 250.

Chicama, 519.

Chichilticalli, 482, 487.

Chilaga, 459.

Chilca, 558.

Childe, E. V., translates Santarem’s _Vespuce_, 178.

Chili, 228, 436, 459;
_Anales de in Universedad_, 56;
coast, 460;
“Conquest and Settlement of”, by Markham, 505;
its earlier history, 524;
sketch-map of the Conquest, 524;
wars with Araucanians, 547;
Valdivia defeated, 549;
Villagra, governor, 549;
G. H. de Mendoza, governor, 549;
Villagra, governor, 551;
Quiroga, governor, 551;
audiencia of, 551;
Wytfliet’s map, 559;
Sotomayor, governor, 561;
Loyola, governor, 561;
sources of information, 571;
_Varias relaciones del Peru y Chile_, 576.
_See_ Almagro, Valdivia.

Chillan, 524.

Chiloe, archipelago, 549.

Chimalhuacan, 369.

Chimalpain, _Cronica Mexicana_, 418;
translates Gomara, 412;
Bustamante supposes it a native text, 412;
Bandelier deceived, 412.

Chimborazo, 509.

Chinan. _See_ Golfo.

Chincha, 228, 519, 526, 558.

Chiquito (Colorado), 483.

Chira River, 515, 519.

Chirino, Pedro, _Islas Filipinas_, 616.

Chisca, 248, 251.

Choco Bay, 509.

Choctaco Bluff, 291.

_Choix de documents géog. à la bibl. nat._, 38.

Cholula, 358, 362.

Chronometer, 101.

Chuchama, 506, 507, 509.

Chucuito, 538.

Chupas, 536;
battle of, 567.

Chuquinga, 519;
battle at, 545.

Cia, 491.

Cianca, Andres de, 542.

Cibola, 477, 478, 480, 528;
identified, 483;
the district of, 483;
map of, 485;
expedition to, 503;
seven cities, 458;
various identifications of, 501, 502, 503.

Ciboletta, 501.

Cicuyé, 487, 488.

Cieza de Leon, Pedro de, 541;
career, 568;
fate of his manuscripts, 568;
_La guerra de Quito_, 568;
bibliography of, 573;
_Parte primera de la chronica del Peru_, 573;
various translations, 574;
Parts II., III., and IV., 574;
copy of manuscript in Lenox Library, 574;
_Tercero libro_, 574.

Cignatao, 224.

Ciguatan, 449, 473, 474, 499.

Cimarrones, 582.

Cimber et Danjon, _Archives curieuses_, 296.

Cinnamon, Land of, 528, 581.

Cipango, 8, 24, 25, 105, 116;
described by Marco Polo, 29;
(Cimpangi), 128;
(Zipangri), 118, 119, 121;
(Zipagri), 120;
(Zipancri), 123;
(Zipugna), 124.
_See_ Japan.

Circourt, A. de, 66.

Cisneros, Diego, _Ciudad de Mexico_, 378.

Citri, Bon André de, 424.

Citri de la Guette, 289.

Civezza, Marcellino da, _Missions Franciscaines_, 3.

_Civiltà cattolica_, 69.

Cladera, C., _Investigaciones históricas_, 35, 78, 83, 105.

Clarke, _Progress of Maritime Discovery_, 40.

Clavigero, F. S., account of, 425;
his _Messico_, 425;
_California_, 425;
_Hist. antigua de Méjico_, 425;
_Gesch. von Mexico_, 425;
_History of Mexico_, translated by Cullen, 425;
portrait, 425;
his list of books on Mexico, 430.

Clavus, Claudius, 28.

Clemencin on the value of ancient Spanish money, 517.

Clement, _Bibliog. curieuse_, 182.

Clement VII., portrait, 407.

Clemente, C., _Tablas_, 9.

Clerigo. _See_ Las Casas.

Climatic lines, 95.

Clinton, De Witt, on the Spaniards at Onondaga, 283.

Club, Indian (cut), 16.

Cnoyen, 95.

Cobo, Bernabé, _Fundacion de Lima_, 567.

Coça, 248, 258.

Coça River, 528.

Cochiti, 491.

Cocleius, Johannes, 182.

Coco, 487.

_Codex Ramirez_, 375.

Codine, Jules, _Découverte de la côte d’Afrique_, 40;
_La mer des Indes_, 40, 94.

Coelho, Gonzalo, his voyage, 151, 162.

Cofitachiqui, 251.

Cogolludo, D. L., _Yucathan_, 214, 429.

Coiba, 509.

_Coin-Collectors’ Journal_, 470.

Cole, Humphrey, invented the log, 98.

_Coleccion de doc. inéd. para la historia España_, vii.

_Coleccion de doc. inédit. (Españolas en América)_, edited by Pacheco,
etc., vii, 498.

_Coleccion de libras raros ó curiosos_, 577.

Coles, Juan, 290.

Coligny, lives of, 298.

Coligua, 251.

Colin, edition of Herrera, 67; _Nieuwe Werelt_, 67.

Collao, 519, 524, 528, 558.

Colo-colo, 548.

Cologne, _Coronica van Coellen_, 59.

Colmeiro, M., _Los restos de Colon_, 82.

Colmenares, Rodrigo Enriquez, 193, 210.

Colombo. _See_ Columbus; Colon.

Colombo family, genealogical table, 87;
lawsuit, 88;
Harrisse on, 89.

Colombo, F. G., 72.

Colombo, Luigi, _Patria del Ammireglio_, 84.

Colon. _See_ Columbus, Colombo.

_Colon en Quisqueya_, 65, 82.

Colon, Luis, 65, 66;
renounces his rights, 88.

Colon, Pedro, 65.

Colorado (river), 468, 469, 485, 486;
ascended by Alarcon, 443.

Columbia proposed as name for the United States, 178.

Columbia River, 469, 470.

Columbus. _See_ Colon; Colombo.

Columbus, Bartholomew, 88;
on the African coast, 41;
takes a map to England, 102;
arrives in Hispaniola, 17;
on the Honduras coast, 22;
in Lisbon, 1;
in England, 3;
portrait, 86;
memoir, 86.

Columbus, Christopher, birth, 1;
date of birth, 83, 89;
place of birth, 83, 89;
his father, 89;
of humble origin, 84, 89;
genealogy of his family, 87;
signification of his name, 135;
his piratical career, 1;
sells maps, 3;
his marriage, 2, 90;
his geographical theories, 3, 24;
as to size of globe, 24;
as to shape of globe, 99;
his notes on D’Ailly, 29;
on Æneas Sylvius, 32;
his argument from trees drifted ashore, 35;
his alleged intercourse with Spanish pilot, 33;
proposes to Ferdinand and Isabella, 3;
made high admiral, 5;
would rescue the Holy Sepulchre, 5;
his voyages (collectively), 109;
map of the four voyages, 60, 61, 67;
his first voyage, 8, 46, 131;
his ships, 7;
number of his men, 10;
money raised, 91;
his track (map), 9;
his attempt to ascertain longitude by the needle’s declination, 100;
landfall, 9, 52, 92;
his prayer, 9;
supposed he had reached Asia, 136;
usual ascription of his discovery, 183, 598;
builds fort in Hayti, 10;
return voyage, 11;
his reception, 12;
news of the discovery carried to Italy, 48;
effect in Europe, 56;
his second voyage, 15, 131;
observes eclipse of the moon, 98;
returns to Spain, 18;
authorities on second voyage, 57;
his third voyage, 19, 133, 142;
gets information of the Pacific, 211;
Roldan’s revolt, 20;
Bobadilla arrives, 20;
put in chains, 20;
returns to Spain, 20;
authorities on third voyage, 58;
his fourth voyage, 20, 191;
loses an anchor, 59;
authorities on fourth voyage, 59;
his associations with places (Barcelona), 56,
(Costa Rica), 21,
(Cuba), 10,
(Genoa), 2, 90,
(Hayti), 10,
(Honduras), 21,
(Ireland), 2, 33,
(Jamaica), 22, 201,
(Palos), 90,
(Pavia), 90,
(Portugal), 2, 90,
(Rabida), 3, 90,
(Salamanca), 4, 91,
(Santa Fé), 5,
(Segovia), 23;
dies obscurely, 23, 78, 167;
house where he died, 23;
burial, 78;
remains removed to St. Domingo, 80;
supposed reinterment at Havana, 81;
his will, 65;
the lawsuit of his heirs, 10, 204;
his connection with Beatrix Enriquez, 4, 64;
his characteristics, 23, 24;
inexactness, 91;
makes slaves of the natives, 303;
imagined himself inspired, 24;
compared with Cabot, 99;
personal relations and reciprocal influence with Cabot, 136;
with Toscanelli, 2, 90;
with Vespucius, 131, 142, 149, 178;
his companions, 187;
his fame, 65;
early references to, 57, 62, 64;
poems and dramas on, 68;
efforts to canonize him, 69;
Roselly de Lorgues’ efforts, 69;
his name suggested for the New World, 169, 174;
authorities on his career, 24;
documents, i, vii, viii;
his letters-patent, iii;
his privileges, 86;
the “admiral’s map”, 113;
other maps connected with him, 94, 104, 113, 144;
his manuscripts, 65, 89;
at Genoa, iv, 77;
his manuscript on Portuguese discoveries, 35;
his drawing of his triumph, 12;
his letters, 46, 89;
first letter, early editions, 48;
fac-similes of pages, 49-54;
Ambrosian text, 92;
other texts, 50;
turned into rhyme, 51;
in later shapes, 51;
letters lost, ii,
photographed, iv;
his Journal abridged by Las Casas, 91:
his printed writings, 89;
_Cartas y testamento_, 52;
_Copia de la lettera_, 62;
_Lettera rarissima_, 62;
his Journal, 46, 89, 91;
_Libro de las proficias_, 24, 89;
_Epistola C. Colom_ or _De insulis inventis_, 48;
_Eyn Schon hübsch_, etc. 51;
letters in _Cartas de Indias_, viii;
his writings, edited by Torre, 46;
lives and notices of, 62:
(Castellanos), 584,
(Dodge), iv,
(Ferdinand Columbus), 64, 65,
(Giustiniani), 62,
(Harrisse), 88,
(Irving) vi,
(Navarrete), v,
(Robertson), ii,
(Winsor), 1;
descriptions of his person, 69;
likenesses, painted, engraved, and carved,—namely (Berwick-Alba),
76,
(Borgoña), 76,
(Capriolo), 72, 73,
(Cardenas), 78,
(Cogletto), 73,
(Cuccaro), 72,
(D’Ambras), 73,
(De Bry), 73, 74, 75,
(De Pas), 72,
(Edwards), 78,
(Florence), 72, 73, 74,
(Fuchsius), 76,
(Genoa), 78,
(Havana), 76, 77,
(Jomard), 74, 78,
(Jovius), 70,
(La Cosa), 71,
(Lima), 78,
(Madrid), 78,
(Maella), 76,
(Malpila), 72,
(Mercuri), 73,
(Montanus), 77, 79,
(More), 76,
(Mosaic), 73,
(Opmeer), 72,
(Parmigiano), 76,
(Peschiera), 76,
(Philoponus), 77,
(New Providence), 78,
(Rome), 78,
(Seville), 76, 78,
(Washington), 78;
his coat-armor, 15, 88, 89, 105;
his armor, 4;
his autog., 12;
his handwriting, 14;
his motto, 78.

Columbus, Diego (brother of Christopher, the Admiral), 2, 16, 87, 88,
191;
sent to Spain, 17;
returns, 18
to Cuba, 349;
his house, 88;
his will, ii.

Columbus, Diego (son of the Admiral), 2, 86;
a royal page, 5;
lawsuit of, 144, 174;
memorial on converting the Indians, 337;
his remains, 80, 81.

Columbus, Ferdinand, 87, 88;
career of, 65;
his mother, 64;
accompanies his father, 21;
relations with Vespucius, 170, 174;
his alleged map, 43, 206;
his _Historie_, 64;
discredited by Harrisse, 66, 89;
defended by Stevens and D’Avezac, 66;
his library, 65;
his income, 65;
his tomb, 65.

Columbus, Luis (grandson of the Admiral), his remains, 80, 81.

Coma, G., 58.

Comité d’Archéologie Américaine, 50.

Comogre, 505, 509.

Compass, 94;
picture of, 94.
_See_ Magnet; Needle.

_Compendio historiæ_, etc., 68.

Compostella, 474, 480, 481.

Cona, 493.

Conception (Chili), 524;
founded, 548.

“Concepcion” (ship), 594.

Concepcion Bay, 548.

Conches, Feuillet de, 12.

Conches, Guillaume de, his _Philosophia minor_, 28.

Conchucos settled, 527.

Conibas (island), 463.

Conibas (lake), 457.

Connasauga River, 247.

_Conquista del nuevo mondo_, 575;
_del Peru_, 563.

Consag, his map, 468.

Contarini, Gasparo, 617.

Conti, Natale, _Universæ historiæ libri_, 154.

Conti, V., on Montferrat, 84.

Cook, Captain James, 469.

Cooley, W. D., _Maritime Discovery_, 34.

Coosa River, 248.

Coosas, 258.

Coosawattie, 247.

Copala, 504.

_Copia delle lettere del prefetto della India_, 575.

Copiapo, 524, 528, 559.

Coppée, Henry, “Conquest of Mexico”, 375.

Coppo, his map sketched, 127;
_Portolano_, 128.

Coquibacoa, 187, 189.

Coquimbo, 524, 525, 559.

Corazones, 482, 486, 496.

Cordiform projection of maps, 123.

Cordeiro, Luciano, “Les Portugais dans la découverte de l’Amérique”,
33.

Cordeyro, _Historia insulana_, 33.

Cordilleras of the Andes, 514.

Cordova, Bishop, 305.

Cordova (Cordoba), Francisco Hernandez de, 200, 201, 402;
voyage to the Bahamas, 236;
to Yucatan, 214;
dies, 237.

Cordova, Pedro de, 310.

Cordova y Figuera, Hist. of Chili, 573.

Cordova y Salinas, 570.

Cordova (town), 3.

Corner, Francesco, 152.

Coro, 579, 581.

Coronado, F. V. de, governor of New Gallicia, 474;
account of, 474, 475;
seeks Topira, 480;
autog., 481;
commands expedition to Cibola, 481;
captures the town, 483;
map of his explorations, 485;
arrives at Quivira, 493;
ill, 496;
return march, 497;
sources of information, 498, 499;
his letters, 500;
_Relacion del suceso de la jornada_, 500;
_Traslado_, etc., 500;
Jaramillo’s account, 500;
modern accounts, 501;
his several expeditions, 503;
his expedition connected with voyage on the Pacific coast, 443;
hears of De Soto’s party, 292.

Coronel, 19.

Coronelli on California, 467.

Correa, Gaspar, his account of Da Gama, 44;
_Lendas da India_, 616.

Correa, Juan, 208.

Correnti, Cesare, _Lettere autografe di Colombo_, 46.

Corrientes, Cape, 233, 509.

Corsica, alleged birthplace of Columbus, 84.

Cortambert, R., _Nouvelle histoire des voyages_, 72, 83.

Cortereal, Anus, 445.

Cortereal, Gaspar, 107;
at Hudson’s Straits, 445;
his discovery (_Regalis domus_), 122, 123.

Cortereal, João Vas Costa, voyage to Newfoundland, 33.

Cortereale (1527), 219.

Corterealis, 177.

Cortés, Francisco, 441.

Cortés, Hernando, chapter on, by Justin Winsor, 349;
commander of expedition, 204, 349;
suspected by Velasquez, 351;
his cannon, 352;
map of his voyage, 353;
sends messengers to Montezuma, 355;
founds Vera Cruz, 356;
foils Velasquez, 356;
sends treasure to the Emperor, 356;
map of his march to Mexico, 358;
sinks his ships, 359;
numbers of forces in all his expeditions controverted, 359;
at Cholula, 362;
meets Montezuma, 362;
has a flotilla on the lake, 362;
receives tribute from Montezuma, 365;
professes to build ships to leave the country, 365;
Narvaez sent against him, 365;
Cortés defeats him, 367;
returns to Mexico, 368;
shows Montezuma to the Mexicans, 368;
endeavors to leave the city, 368;
the _triste noche_, 369;
at Otumba, 370;
retreats to Tlascala, 370;
his second letter, 371;
builds brigantines, 372;
establishes base at Tescuco, 372;
his marches round Mexico, 374;
brigantines launched, 375;
attacks the city, 376;
captures it, 378;
casts cannon, 380;
sends further treasure to Spain, 382;
sends jugglers to Rome, 407;
receives plenary indulgence, 407;
made governor and captain-general, 382;
seeks passage to Asia, 411, 439;
siezes Pánuco, 382;
sends an expedition to Guatemala, 383;
pursues Olid, 384;
goes to Honduras, 384;
returns to Mexico, 386;
his commission suspended, 386;
goes again to Spain, 387;
made Marqués del Valle de Oajaca, 388;
his wife dies, 389;
marries a daughter of the Conde de Aguilar, 390;
returns to Mexico, 391;
aids Pizarro, 526;
sends expeditions on the Pacific, 393;
builds vessels at Tehuantepec, 393, 441;
discovers California, 393, 442;
last return to Spain, 395;
his descendants, 395;
dies, 396;
his remains, 396;
sources of information on his career, 397;
his letters, 337, 397, 402;
_Vida de Cortés_, 397;
first letter, 402;
its equivalents, 402;
_De rebus gestis Cortesii_, 397, 402;
Peter Martyr on Cortés, 402;
_Newzeit_, etc., 402;
_Trois lettres_, 402;
_Newe Zeittung_, 402;
_Ein Auszug_, etc., 403;
_Translationuss_, etc., 403;
second letter, 284, 403;
_Carta de relaciō_, 403;
_Carta de relacion_, 403;
cut of Cortés before Charles V., 403;
his map of the Gulf of Mexico, 404;
_Præclara_, etc., 404;
fac-simile of its title and reverse, 405, 406;
_La preclara narratione_, 407;
_Ein schöne newe Zeytung_, 408;
edited by Lorenzana, 408;
life by Sands, 408;
_De insulis nuper inventis_, 408;
fac-simile of title, 409;
in Grynæeus’ _Novus orbis_, 409;
_Correspondance de Cortes_, 410;
_Cortesi von dem newen Hispanien_, 410;
_Eroberung von Mexico_, 410;
_Drei Berichte_, 410;
_De Contreyen_, etc., 410;
_Brieven van Cortes_, 410;
_Despatches_ (Folsom’s ed.), 410;
in Willes’ _History of Travayle_, 410;
third letter, 410;
_Carta tercera_, 410;
_Tertia narratio_, 410;
the “secret letter”, 411;
fourth letter, 284, 411;
_La quarta relacion_, 411;
_Este es una carta_, etc., 411;
fifth letter, 411;
_Carta quinta_, 411;
characteristics of his letters, 411;
authorities on his Honduras expedition, 411;
_Ultima carta_, 411;
_Escritos sueltos_, 411;
bibliography by Diaz Balceta, 411;
by Harrisse, 411;
by Brevoort, 411;
account of, in Gomara, 412;
in Bernal Diaz, 414;
in Sahagun, 415;
his marches shown on a map in Jourdanet’s _Bernal Diaz_, 415;
names of his followers, 415;
his career as drawn by Ixtlilxochitl, 417;
by Camargo, 418;
by Brasseur de Bourbourg, 418;
by Ramirez, 419;
by Vasquez, 419;
by Torquemada, 421;
by Solis, 424;
by Robertson, 424;
by Clavigero, 425;
by Prescott, 425;
by R. A. Wilson, 427;
Life by A. Helps, 428;
in fiction, 430;
in drama, 430;
his portraits, 72, 76, 424;
in _Cortés valeroso_, 354;
in Massachusetts Historical Society’s Collection, 357;
in Solis, 360;
in Jovius, 381;
in Herrera, 389;
full-length portrait, 395;
medal likeness, 396;
other portraits, 389;
engraving by Vertue, 424;
his arms, 354;
his banner, 381;
his armor, 390;
his autog., 381.

Cortés, Martin, 95; _Arte de navegar_, 98.

Cortina, Conde de, 416.

Cosa, Juan de la, 16, 187, 189, 208, 209, 210;
vignette of Saint Christopher, 71;
killed, 191;
with Ojeda, 144;
his voyages, 206;
his chart, 135, 206.
_See_ La Cosa.

Cosco (Aliander, Leander), 177;
his rendering of Columbus’ letter, 47.

_Cosmographiæ introductio_, fac-similes of pages, 167, etc.;
(1514), 120.
_See_ Waldseemüller.

Cossette, Captain, 270.

Costa Rica coast, 21;
_Coleccion de doc. ined._, ix., 398.
_See_ Peralta.

Costanzo, B., _Hist. Siciliana_, 67.

Cotoche, 353.

Cotolendi, _La vie de Colomb_, 66.

Cotopaxi, 509.

Council for the Indies, 310, 348.
_See_ Indies.

Councils, ecclesiastical, in Mexico, records of, 399.

Court, Dr., his library, 163.

Cousin, of Dieppe, 34.

Coxa, 509.

Coxe, Daniel, _Carolana_, 467.

Coxe, William, _Russian Discoveries_, 463, 469.

Coyba, 198.

Coyohuacan, 375.

Cozamel, 203, 218, 224, 225, 351, 353, 384.

Cradock, F., _Wealth Discovered_, 3.

Cravaliz, Agost., 574.

_Crevenna Catalogue_, 171.

Crignet, epitome of Ortelius, 472.

Cristofano dell’Altissimo, 73.

Cromberger, 400.

Cromwell, Oliver, 341.

Cronabo, 187.

Crooked Island, 55, 92.

Cross-staff, 98.
_See_ Backstaff.

Cuaço, Alonso de, 212.

Cuba, 106, 115, 126, 128, 228, 229, 432, 435, 437, 451,
(1518), 217,
(1520), 218,
(1527), 220,
(1529), 221,
(1534), 223,
(1536), 225,
(1541), 177;
the name applied to North America, 121;
thought a part of Asia, 16, 106;
bibliography of, 230;
(Couba), 226;
circumnavigated, 214;
conquest of, 214;
(Fernandina), 201;
explored (1508), 201;
island or peninsula, 201;
(Isabell, Isabella, or Ysabella), 108, 111, 114, 118, 123, 125, 170,
175, 183;
earliest named, 183;
(Juana), 201;
early given a wrong latitude, 96;
letter from (1520), 215;
map of, 450;
in Martyr’s map, 110;
(North America), 127;
in Stobnicza map, 116;
in Sylvanus’ map, 122;
Wytfliet’s map, 230.

Cubagua, 134, 581, 585.

Cubanacan, 42.

Cuccaro, alleged birthplace of Columbus, 84.

Cuenca, 509;
founded, 547.

Cuellar, F. de, 511.

Cuellar, Sancho, 520.

Cuitlahuac, 369.

Cuitlahuatzin, 370.

Culebras (gulf), 199.

Culhuacan, native history of, 418;
_Codex Chimalpopoca_, 418;
_Anales de Cuauhtitlan_, 418.

Culiacan, S. Miguel de, 441, 475, 482, 485;
(province), 474.

Cullen, Charles, 425.

Cumana, 558, 559.

Cunningham, William, _Cosmographical Glasse_, 67, 176.

Curalaba, 562.

Curazao (Curaçoa), 189, 190.

Curiana, 189, 207.

Curico, 524.

Cusco, 228, 514, 516, 517, 519, 558;
claimed by Almagro, 525;
besieged by the Indians, 524;
manuscripts on, 577;
becomes a Spanish town, 520;
view of, 554;
view of temple at, 555;
plan of, by Markham, 556;
by Squier, 556;
palace of Ynca, 556;
other plans and views, 556.

Cushing, Caleb, on the De Fonte voyage, 463;
on Navarrete’s _Coleccion_, v;
_Reminiscences of Spain_, 84;
on Vespucius, 154, 178.

Cushing, Frank H., on Zuñi, 483.

Custodi, Pietro, 46.

Cutifachiqui, 247.

Cuyoacan, 369.

DABAIBE, 198;
expedition to, 211.

D’Abreu, 440.

Daelli, G., _Bibl. rara_, 46.

D’Ailly, Pierre, his map (1410), 95.
_See_ Ailly.

Dalibard, 575.

Dampier, the navigator, 592;
_New Voyage_, 467.

Danckerts, his maps, 466.

Dandolo, M., _Oratio_, 62.

Dandolo, T., _Secoli di Dante e Colombo_, 69;
_Colombo_, 69.

D’Anville and Lake Parima, 587.

D’Arcy de la Rochette, 589.

Darien, 191;
different forms of the name, 191;
settlement at, 204.

Darwin, Charles, _Voyage of the Beagle_, 609.

Dati, G., and Columbus’ letter, 51;
_Questa_, etc., 51;
_La lettera_, etc., 51.

D’Aubigné, _Hist. universelle_, 298.

D’Avezac, _Aperçus sur la boussole_, 94;
on Columbus’ birth, 83;
_Livre de F. Colomb_, 66;
_Découvertes dans l’Océan Atlantique_, 39;
_Expédition de Béthencourt_, 36;
_Isles d’Afrique_, 36;
_Isles fantastiques_, 36;
_Sur la projection des cartes_, 471;
_Waltze-Müller_, 164;
his writings, 164;
his _Voyages de Vespuce_, 164.

Dávila. _See_ Pedrárias.

Dávila, F. A., 213.

Davila, Gil Gonzales, 213;
_Teatro eclesiástico_, 399, 400.
_See_ Gil.

Davilla Padilla, _Santiago de México_, 399, 400;
_Varia historia_, 400.

Da Vinci, Leonardo, sketch of mappemonde ascribed to him, 124, 125,
126, 172, 234.
_See_ Vinci.

Davis, W. H. H., _El Gringo_, 502;
_Spanish Conquest of New Mexico_, 288, 502.

D’Avity, Pierre, _Le Monde_, 462.

Daza, Luis, 257.

Deane, Charles, on Schöner, 176.

De Bry, his picture of Columbus, 73, 75;
gets Lemoyne’s papers, 296;
his engravings for Las Casas, 342.

De Clerck, _Tooneel_, etc., 76.

De Coca, 599.

De Costa, B. F., _Columbus and the Geographers of the North_, 33.

Dee, Dr., his map, 453.

De Fonte, Bartholemé, his alleged voyage, 462;
coined by Petiver, 462;
faith of Delisle and Buache, 463;
map, 469.

De Fuca, alleged voyage, 456;
partly believed by Greenhow, 457;
sources of, 457;
Delisle and Buache on, 463.

De Laet. _See_ Laet.

Delambre, _L’Astronomie du moyen-âge_, 94.

Delaplaine, _Repository of Lives_, etc., 139.

Del Cano, Seb., 224;
commands the “Victoria”, 612;
at the Cape de Verde Islands, 612;
surprise at the loss of a day, 612, 615;
reaches San Lucas, 612;
at Court, 613;
his letter, 616.

Delisle, 468;
on the insularity of California, 467;
_Découvertes de l’amiral de Fonte_, 463;
opposed by Buriel, 463;
map of Louisiana, 294;
route of De Soto, 294, 295;
_Atlas nouveau_, 294;
and Lake Parima, 587;
map of the _Mer de l’ouest_, 469.

Demarcation, line of, 99, 441;
in the Cantino map, 108;
on map of 1527, 43.
_See_ Alexander VI., Bull.

Demersay, A., on the Spanish and Portuguese archives, ii.

Denis, Ferd., on Sahagun, 416.

Depons, Fr., _Voyage_, 587.

_De principiis astronomie_, 432.

Des Brosses, _Navigations_, 614.

Deschanel, E., _C. Colomb_, 83.

Desimoni, C., _Libro di Harrisse_, 86.

Desjardin, Ernst, _Rapport sur Harrisse_, viii.

Desmarquets, _Hist. de Dieppe_, 34.

D’Este, Hercule, 107.

De Thou, _Hist. universelle_, 297.

De Vries in the Pacific, 463.

Dewey, Dr. Orville, on the Spanish conquerors, 314.

Dexter, Arthur, 426.

Dexter, George, character and death, ix.

Deza, Diego de, 4, 91.