Chapter V: The Minor Varieties of Cherries (4)

=Griotte Douce Précoce.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:35, 39. 1771. =2.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 21, 194. 1876. =3.= _Del. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:118. 1900.

_Süsse Frühweichsel._ =4.= Liegel _Syst. Anleit._ 170. 1825. =5.= _Ill. Handb._ 183 fig., 184. 1860.

_Liegel's Süsse Frühweichsel_. =6.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:58. 1858.

This variety is often confused with Süsse Frühweichsel. The two are distinct, however, in that the latter has light colored flesh while the former is a dark fleshed sort. Tree vigorous, drooping, productive; fruit often borne in twos or threes, of medium size, roundish, compressed; suture shallow; stem rather slender, variable, medium to above in length, inserted in a narrow, shallow cavity; skin dark brownish-red changing to reddish-black; flesh tender, dark red, juicy, subacid, becoming milder at maturity; stone small, roundish; ripens the forepart of June.

=Griotte de Kleparow.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 50. 1831. =2.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:186 fig., 187, 221. 1866.

_Polnische grosse Weichsel._ =3.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =1=:8, Tab. 20 fig. 2. 1792.

_Pohlnische Kirsche._ =4.= Christ _Handb._ 682. 1797.

_Polnische Weichsel._ =5.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:60. 1858.

_Kleparower Süssweichsel._ =6.= _Ill. Handb._ 69 fig., 70. 1867.

_Kleparavoska._ =7.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 75. 1883.

_Griotte Kleparite._ =8.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ =2=:277. 1903. =9.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =73=:71 fig. 1903.

Budd found this variety very hardy about Galicia, Austria, and Warsaw, Russia, and imported it for central and southern Iowa. It is grown from seed in the forests of Poland. The Griotte Kleparite of Budd-Hansen is probably the same variety. Tree strong in growth, large, productive; fruit of medium size, generally attached in pairs, roundish-cordate, sides often compressed; suture shallow, often a line; stem long, slender, set in a wide, deep cavity; skin tough, clinging to the flesh, glossy, dark brownish-red, deep black when ripe; flesh tender, fibrous, lightly colored, juicy, acid, although sugary, aromatic; quality fair; pit small, turgid, almost spherical; ripens the last of July.

=Griotte Lodigiana.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:290, 291 fig. 1877.

Introduced into France from Florence, Italy, by Leroy about 1864. Fruit of medium size, globular, compressed at the ends; stem of medium length, inserted in a wide cavity; apex depressed; skin deep red; flesh pale yellow, tender, slightly fibrous, juicy, very sugary, slightly acidulated; second quality; stone of medium size, round, turgid; ripens the last of June.

=Griotte Noire.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 26. 1876.

Listed as a large, blackish-red, acidulated fruit, ripening in July.

=Griotte Noire de Piémont.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:294, 295 fig. 1877.

_Griotte à gros fruit noir de Piémont._ =2.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 26. 1876.

This variety, probably from Piedmont, Italy, was received by Leroy in 1864. Fruit generally borne in pairs, above medium in size, globular, compressed at the ends; suture indistinct; stem long, set in a deep cavity; skin uniformly blackish-red; flesh tender, reddish, very juicy, acidulated, slightly sweet; quality fair; stone of medium size, roundish-oval, swollen; ripens the middle of June.

=Griotte du Nord Améliorée.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 27. 1876.

Mentioned as possibly larger and better than Griotte du Nord.

=Griotte à Petit Fruit.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 50. 1831.

Listed in the reference given.

=Griotte Précoce.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 329. 1885. =2.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ =2=:277. 1903.

According to the first reference, this variety was brought into Spain from Central Asia and was known in parts of Europe as "Early Spanish." It was imported to America from Russia. Tree hardy; fruit large, flattened; suture distinct; stem medium in size, curved, set in a deep cavity; skin bright, glossy red; flesh soft, breaking, uncolored; quality very good; ripens the middle of June.

=Griotte Rouge de Piémont.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:303 fig., 304, 385. 1877.

_Griotte à gros fruit rouge de Piémont._ =2.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 26. 1876.

According to Leroy, it is not at all improbable that this cherry is the one spoken of by Pliny under the name, "Apronian." Fruit attached in pairs, above medium in size, globular, compressed at the ends; suture indistinct; stem short, stout, set in a small cavity; skin lively red; flesh whitish, tender, juicy, acidulated, somewhat bitter yet sugary; second quality; stone of medium size, roundish-oval, swollen; ripens the last of June.

=Griotte de Schaarbeck.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 353. 1889.

Mentioned in this reference.

=Griotte Tardive d'Annecy.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:160. 1882.

Listed in this reference.

=Griotte Tardive de Plombières= _P. avium._ =1.= Rev. Hort. 503. 1888.

This variety is recommended because of its lateness but it remains a local variety, little known outside of Plombières, Vosges, France, where it was found. Fruit oval-cordate, elongated at the apex; skin glossy, brownish at complete maturity; flesh firm, adherent to the stone, whitish-gray, very sweet, agreeable; pit cordate; ripens the last of August, remaining on the tree during September.

=Griotte de Toscane.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:304, 305 fig., 396. 1877.

Leroy brought this cherry from Florence, Italy, to France about 1864. Fruit globular, more or less compressed at the ends; suture very shallow; stem long, set in a pronounced cavity; skin intense red changing to blackish; flesh of a garnet color, tender, juicy, sugary, slightly bitter; second quality; stone of medium size, round, turgid; ripens in early July.

=Griotte de Turquie.= _P. avium X P. cerasus._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

Fruit large, round, red; flesh tender, ripens early in July. Similar to Choisy.

=Griottier à Feuilles Cucullées.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:267, 286 fig., 287. 1877.

_Cerisier cuculle_? =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:160. 1882.

Originated at Tours, Inde-et-Loire, France. Its only point of merit is in its cucullated foliage. Fruit small, globular, compressed at the ends; suture imperceptible; stem short; cavity variable; skin almost clear red; flesh tender, light rose-colored, juicy, acidulated, mildly sweet; quality hardly fair; pit very small, round, more or less swollen; ripens at the end of June.

=Griottier à Fruit Aigre.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:508. 1860.

Tree of medium size, rather vigorous; fruit small, oval-roundish, blackish; flesh tender, juicy; mediocre quality; ripens in September and October in France.

=Griottier à Longues Feuilles.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:291, 292 fig. 1877.

Leroy grew this cherry as early as 1845 but did not know its origin. Fruit above medium in size, globular, slightly compressed at the ends; stem very short, inserted in a pronounced cavity; skin deep red, with gray dots; flesh tender, fibrous, yellowish-white, juicy, acidulated, slightly sweet, agreeable; second quality; stone of medium size, roundish-oval, turgid; ripens the first of July.

=Groll Schwarze Knorpelkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 354. 1889.

Listed in the reference given.

=Gros Bigarreau Rond.= P. _avium._ =1.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:114, 208. 1866.

Fruit large, even, roundish, though often larger and less flattened than Bigarreau d'Italie; stem medium in length; color becoming black; flesh red, firm, sweet, pleasing; pit small and slightly elongated; ripens the last of May.

=Gros Guindoul Hâtif.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 335. 1870-71.

Tree large; fruit of first size, superior quality, large, dark red, juicy, sprightly; ripens in June-July.

=Grosse Blanche Carrée.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:204. 1843.

A firm, red, heart-shaped cherry of second size and quality, used principally for the table, ripening in July.

=Grosse Bunte Herzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 226, 227, 228. 1819.

_Weiss Herzkirsche._ =2.= Christ _Obstbäume_ 161. 1791.

_Grosse bunte Molkenkirsche._ =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:28. 1858.

This cherry is distinguished from others of its class by its peculiar coloring. At one time it was recommended because of its size, flavor, and length of season. Fruit large, thick at the base, both sides compressed and marked by a suture; stem long, slender, set in a shallow opening; ground color a dingy pale yellow more or less covered with red; flesh tender, melting, pleasing; ripens at the end of June.

=Grosse Friedrichskirsche.= Species? =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:39. 1858.

Fruit large, compressed, roundish-cordate, pale yellow, washed with crimson; flesh slightly aromatic; ripens the end of June; productive.

=Grosse Glaskirsche.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= Krünitz _Enc._ 57, 58. 1790. =2.= Christ _Wörterb._ 292. 1802. =3.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 473-475. 1819.

_Grosse Cerise Transparente._ =4.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:172-175, fig. 1866. =5.= _Guide Prat._ 18, 190. 1895.

Through an error which he later rectified, Truchsess described the Double Glass as this variety. This cherry differs in having a shorter stem, larger size and in ripening later. Fruit very large, almost round, flattened at the ends, depressed at the apex; stem stout, short, inserted in a large cavity; skin glossy, becoming dark red; flesh pale yellowish, melting, juicy, mild yet with a piquant, pleasing sourness; stone roundish, turgid, clinging to the flesh more than to the stem; ripens in August.

=Grosse Gomballoise.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:150, 151. 1882.

_Bigarreau Grosse Gomballoise._ =2.= _Guide Prat._ 17. 1895.

Fruit large to very large, thickly cordate, often elongated, truncate at the ends; suture deep, but a colored line on one side; stem long, stout, set in a large, deep cavity; skin thick, firm, intense purple changing to almost black; flesh purple, firm, juicy, sugary, vinous, aromatic; pit of medium size; ripens at the end of June.

=Grosse Guigne Blanche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 258. 1819. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:315, 316 fig. 1877.

_Guigne a gros fruit blanc._ =3.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =1=:161, Pl. 1 fig. 3. 1768. =4.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:98, 99. 1866.

_Kleine weisse Frühkirsche._ =5.= Christ _Wörterb._ 278. 1802.

_Guigne Blanche._ =6.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831. =7.= _Pom. France_ =7=:No. 20, Pl. 20. 1871.

_Early White Guigne._ =8.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:112. 1832.

_White Heart._ =9.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 107. 1846.

An old variety, probably of French origin, which, according to Leroy, was described by Merlet in 1667. Fruit large, attached in pairs, cordate, slightly elongated; stem medium in length, set in a wide cavity; skin dull yellow, tinged and mottled with dull red; flesh whitish, tender, juicy, slightly acidulated; quality fair, insipid in wet seasons; stone large, ovoid, clinging; ripens the last of June.

=Grosse Guigne Noire à Court Pédicelle.= _P. avium._ =1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:503. 1860.

_Guignier à Gros Fruit Noir et Court Pédoncule._ =2.= _Pom. France_ =7=:No. 28, Pl. 28. 1871.

An old variety of uncertain origin. Fruit large, roundish-cordate; suture broad; stem short, set in a narrow, shallow cavity; skin tender but firm, beautiful black at maturity; flesh soft, juicy, agreeable; quality good; stone of medium size, oval, reddish; ripens the last of June.

=Grosse Höckerige Marmorkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:42. 1858.

Fruit very large, uneven, roughened, dark red; flesh hard, rather sweet; ripens at the end of July; not very productive.

=Grosse Mogulkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Christ _Obstbäume_ 160. 1791.

Fruit large, cordate, red, dotted here and there with white; flesh mild; excellent; pit small.

=Grosse Morelle.= _P. cerasus._ =1=. Christ _Wörterb._ 284. 1802. =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 545-548. 1819.

_Grosse Morelle double?_ =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Fruit large, globular; stem medium in length, slender, set in a smooth cavity; skin glossy, smooth, inky-black; flesh blood-red, veined, juicy, wine-sour, not unpleasant; stone of medium size, blood-red; ripens from the end of June to July; often dried.

=Grosse Nonnenkirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Christ _Wörterb._ 287. 1802. =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 517, 518, 519. 1819.

_Varrenne, De._ =3.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 56. 1831.

_Grosse Cerise des Religieuses._ =4.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:97, 98, fig. 49. 1882.

Probably of French origin. Tree moderately productive; fruit of medium size, round, sides unevenly compressed, with a shallow suture; stem long, set in a wide cavity; skin brownish-black, glossy; flesh tender, colored, juicy, subacid; stone small, very broad, clinging to the stem; ripens the middle of July.

=Grosse Picarde.= _P. cerasus._

The United States Department of Agriculture received this variety from F. Jamin, Bourg-la-Reine, France, in 1905, after which trees were sent to this Station for testing. Tree vigorous, rapid in growth; fruit of the Montmorency type, above medium in size, roundish-cordate, slightly compressed; cavity intermediate in depth and width, abrupt; suture a line; apex roundish; stem slender, long; skin moderately thick, tough, separating readily from the pulp, very dark red; dots numerous, small, obscure; flesh dark red, stringy, tender, melting, astringent, sour, juicy; poor to fair in quality; stone of medium size, ovate, slightly pointed, smooth, tinged with purple; season very late.

=Grosse Schwarze Frühe Herzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =1=:2, Tab. 2 fig. 2. 1792. =2.= Christ _Wörterb._ 274. 1802. =3.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 158. 1819.

_Guigne à Gros Fruit Noir Hâtif._ =4.= _Pom. France_ =7=:No. 25, Pl. 25. 1871.

This cherry differs from Frühe Maiherzkirsche in having a firmer flesh. Fruit above medium in size, cordate, pointed, black; suture distinct on one side; stem long, slender, deeply set; ripens in June.

=Grosse Schwarze Herzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Christ _Wörterb._ 275. 1802._Gemeine Schwarze Herzkirsche._ =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 142-145, 156, 157. 1819.

_Gemeine Schwarze Herzkische._ =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 142-145, 156, 157, 1819.

_Guignier à gros fruit noir_? =5.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:502. 1860.

Fruit large, cordate, flattened on one side; stem long, set in a deep cavity; skin thick, dark red changing to black, pitted; flesh rather firm, tender, fibrous, dark red, juicy, exceedingly sweet and refreshing, with a slightly bitterish after-taste; stone clinging; ripens in July.

=Grosse Späte Schwarze Knorpelkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Christ _Wörterb._ 277. 1802. =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort._ 200, 201. 1819.

Found in a German garden in 1797; distinguished from Elkhorn in ripening later. Fruit large, round, flattened on the sides and apex; skin black, glossy; stem thick; flesh firm, juicy; ripens early in August.

=Grosse Süsse Maiherzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 126-130. 1819. =2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:20. 1858.

_Grosse Süsse Maikirsche._ =3.= Christ _Handb._ 662. 1797.

Fruit above medium in size, roundish-cordate, sides compressed; stem of medium length, stout, set in a narrow, shallow cavity; skin tough, almost black; flesh tender, reddish-black, juicy, sprightly, rich; stone of medium size, broadly cordate, with a faint point; ripens at the end of June; used for table and kitchen.

=Grosse Tardive.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 17. 1876.

_Grosse späte Amarelle._ =2.= _Proskauer Obstsort._ 58. 1907.

Grosse Tardive is thought to have originated near Paris, France. It ripens the first of August when all other sweet, black cherries are gone. The tree resembles Montmorency.

=Grosse Transparente.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:60. 1900.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Grosse Ungarische Kirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Krünitz _Enc._ 66-68. 1790.

_Ungarische Herzkirsche._ =2.= Christ _Handb._ 661. 1797.

_Grosse schwarze ungarische Herzkirsche._ =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:20. 1858.

Fruit large, oval, rather angular; stem medium in length; cavity deep, irregular; suture distinct; skin glossy, black; flesh dark red, fine-grained, aromatic, sweet; stone large, oval; ripens early in July; productive.

=Grosse de Verrières.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 71, 72, Pl. 1870-71.

This cherry is extensively grown at Verrières, France, where it is often called, "La Grosse." The fruit, however, is but a trifle larger than Cerise Commune from which it differs only in its slightly elongated-cordate form; stem medium in length; skin deep red; flesh red, juicy, sweet; season the middle of July.

=Grosse de Wagnellee.= _P. avium._ =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 465. 1869.

A vigorous, productive cherry of Belgian origin; fruit large, oval; skin yellow, washed and spotted with red; flesh tender, juicy, sweet; ripens in July.

=Grosse Weinkirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort._ 385. 1881.

_Grosse-Griotte à vin._ =2.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 21, 196. 1876.

Fruit flattened, roundish, rather large; stem rather long; suture indistinct; skin very dark, glossy red; flesh tender, dark red, juicy, sprightly, acid; pit egg-oval; ripens in July; used for conserves and coloring wines.

=Grosse Weisse Frühkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 285, 679, 680. 1819.

Fruit large, truncate-cordate, one side compressed, with a shallow suture; stem long, stout, set in a wide, shallow cavity; skin firm, tough, pale yellow, washed with deep red; flesh firm, juicy, sweet, pleasing; stone small, round, plump, partly clinging; ripens the middle of July.

=Groth Braune Knorpelkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 358. 1889.

Listed without description in this reference.

=Groth Gelbe Knorpelkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Proskauer Obstsort._ 56. 1907.

_Bigarreau jaune de Groth._ =2.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 27, 189. 1876.

_Groth's Wachskirsche._ =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 337, 358. 1889.

Tree vigorous and very productive; fruit rather large, truncate-cordate; skin transparent, brilliant yellow; flesh rather firm, very sweet, agreeable; first quality; matures early in July.

=Grünstiel-Kirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:22. 1858.

Fruit black, of medium size, obtuse-cordate, noticeably furrowed; stem long, shallowly inserted; flesh firm, colored, subacid; pit of medium size, round, somewhat clinging; ripens the middle of July.

=Guben.= _P. avium. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 549. 1901.

_Bigarreau noir de Guben._ =2.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 20, 190. 1876.

_Gubener Schwarze Knorpel._ =3.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort._ 369. 1881.

_Late Black Bigarreau_? =4.= _Guide Prat._ 18. 1895.

Guben originated near the town of the same name in Prussia, Germany. Fruit large, obtuse-cordate, sides slightly compressed; suture indistinct; stem rather long; cavity shallow; skin firm, glossy, nearly black; flesh firm, dark red, sweet, with a pleasing sourness; pit roundish; ripens the last of June.

=Gubens Ehre.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 358. 1889. =2.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ 423. 1897.

Fruit large, dark red, with a slightly aromatic flavor.

=Guigne Anglaise Blanche Précoce.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Listed in the reference given.

=Guigne d'Argovie.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Guigne Blanche Précoce.= _P. avium._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:316. 1877.

Received by Leroy from Germany in 1860 and said by him to lack size and quality.

=Guigne Bonne Alostoise.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 359. 1889.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Guigne de Buxeuil.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Listed without a description.

=Guigne Carnée Winkler.= _P. avium._ =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:317, 318 fig., 319. 1877.

_Winkler weisse Herzkirsche._ =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort._ 278, 279. 1819.

_Guigne Blanche de Winkler._ =3.= Mas _Le Verger_ =8=:161, 162, fig. 79. 1866-73.

_Guigne de Winkler._ =4.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 15, 199. 1876.

This variety is said to be a seedling raised by a Herr Winkler at Guben, Prussia, Germany, about 1816. Fruit attached in pairs, large, roundish-cordate, compressed; suture not prominent; stem long, inserted in a deep, narrow cavity; skin flesh-colored; flesh tender, slightly fibrous, light yellow, juicy, sweet, pleasingly aromatic; pit of medium size, plump, oval; ripens the second week of the cherry season.

=Guigne de Chamblondes.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 359. 1889.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Guigne Chamonale.= _P. avium._=1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:151. 1882.

Flowers and foliage only described.

=Guigne Chavanne.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 359. 1889.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Guigne Courte-queue d'Oullins.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:62 fig., 63, 218. 1866.

_Guigne à courte queue_? =2.= _Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 20. 1887.

This variety is said to have originated at Oullins, near Lyons, France. Tree vigorous, upright, productive; fruit rather large, obtuse-cordate, truncate; stem short to very short, inserted in a shallow, narrow cavity; suture a well-marked line; skin rather thick, glossy, shaded with red changing to deep black; flesh red, tender but not soft, sweet with some acidity, agreeable; quality excellent; pit large for the size of the fruit, ovoid; ripens early in June.

=Guigne Ecarlate.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

A worthless, medium-sized, red, oval fruit, with firm flesh, ripening in July.

=Guigne de l'Escalier.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Thomas Guide Prat._ 24. 1876. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 11. 1895.

This is a large, brownish-black, French cherry of the Heart class. Fruit with an uneven surface; flesh red, sugary, sweet; first quality; ripens the first of July.

=Guigne de Gland.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 213. 1880.

Guigne de Gland received its name from the small community of Gland, Aisne, France, where it appears to have been first cultivated. It is one of the first to be found on the markets; is very productive, and of good quality; fruit large, clear red, very sweet.

=Guigne Grosse Rouge Hâtive.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

A firm, red, cordate cherry of second quality for table use; ripens in July.

=Guigne Grosse Rouge Tardive.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

Listed in this reference.

=Guigne Guindole.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 18, 198. 1876.

Many writers, including Leroy, believe this cherry to be identical with the Flamentine. Tree vigorous, productive; grown for market; fruit large, elongated-cordate; skin deep red with carmine mottling on a yellowish ground; flesh tender, soft, juicy, sugary; matures the last part of June.

=Guigne Hâtive d'Elsdorf.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 27, 198. 1876.

A German variety "much recommended."

=Guigne Marbrée.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Pom. France_ =7=:No. 18. Pl. 18. 1871. =2.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits._ 286. 1889. =3.= _Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 523. 1906.

The origin of this variety is uncertain. Fruit large, obtuse-cordate; suture wide, shallow; stem of medium length, set in a shallow, wide cavity; skin glossy, white, washed with a rose color changing to carmine, adherent to the pulp; flesh yellowish, firm, sweet, faintly aromatic; pit small, roundish; ripens early in July.

=Guigne Marie Besnard.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 15. 1876.

A large, oblong, Heart cherry of good quality; skin light yellow overspread with red; flesh tender, juicy; late.

=Guigne de Nice.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 24. 1876. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 11. 1895.

Fruit very large, oblong, light red; season early in warm years; trees rather tender.

=Guigne Noir Luisante.= _P. avium._ =1.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 208. 1854. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 74. 1862.

_Guignier à gros fruit noir luisant._ =3.= Duhamel _Trait Arb. Fr._ =1=:162, 163. 1768.

_Grosse glänzende schwarze Herkirsche._ =4.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =1=:2, Tab. 3 fig. 2. 1792. =5.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 146, 147. 1819.

_Grosse Guigne noire luisante._ =6.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:72 fig. 73, 74, 218. 1866.

_Guigne Reinette noire._ =7.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 24. 1876.

_Guigne noire hâtive à gros fruits._ =8.= _Soc. Nat. Hort. France Pom._ 108 fig., 109. 1904.

This variety should not be mistaken for the Black Spanish of the Germans although Elliott speaks of it as such with the statement that it was grown in New Jersey about 1823, from whence it was introduced into Ohio. It was known as Guigne Reinette Noire about the provinces of Main and Anjou, France, where it is said to have originated. Some authors have confused it with Hogg's Black Heart from which it differs in being more firm. Tree large, vigorous, productive; fruit large, usually attached in threes, obtuse-cordate, plump; suture wide; stem medium in length, inserted in a rather wide, deep cavity; skin thick, glossy, brownish-red changing to black; flesh colored, tender, fibrous, juicy, sweet, vinous; quality good; pit small, roundish-oval, turgid; ripens the last of June.

=Guigne Noire Hâtive.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

_Guignier à Gros Fruit noir hâtif._ =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:330 fig., 331. 1877.

This old variety originated in France early in the Sixteenth Century. Tree moderately productive; fruit attached in threes, large, obtuse-cordate, irregular; stem long, stout; cavity large; skin becomes reddish-black; flesh deep red, fibrous, juicy, acidulated, sweet; quality fair; pit above medium, ovoid, plump; ripens the last of May.

=Guigne Noire de Monstreux.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 24. 1876.

Described by M. M. Vérilhac, nurseryman at Annonay, France, as a large, good, productive cherry ripening the first part of June.

=Guigne Nouvelle Espéce.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Guigne Olive.= P. _avium._ =1.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:79, 80 fig., 81, 220. 1866.

Fruit large, elongated-oval, more pointed at the cavity; suture wide; stem long, slender, set in a slightly deep, abrupt cavity; skin at first rose-colored, marbled with red changing to almost black; flesh tender, colored, agreeably acid, with a slight bitterness; pit very large, oval, resembling the pit of an olive; ripens at the beginning of July.

=Guigne Petite Blanche.= _P. vium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Guigne Petite Rouge.= P. _avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort Soc. Cat._ 51. 1831.

Listed in this reference.

=Guigne la Plus Hâtive.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:51-54, fig. 1866.

_Guigne marbrée précoce._ =2.= _Mas Le Verger_ =8=:115, 116, fig. 56. 1866-73.

_Guigne d'Annonay._ =3.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 15, 197. 1876.

Fruit of medium size, cordate, often slightly elongated; skin thin, mottled with red changing to almost black; stem moderately slender, set in a rather deep, wide cavity; flesh purplish, tender, juicy, agreeably acidulated; pit small, ovoid; ripens the last of May.

=Guigne Précoce Leo d'Ounons.= P. _avium._ =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 65. 1881.

This variety was found in an orchard near Vigne, France. The fruit is large and sweet with an agreeably aromatic juice; ripens the first half of June.

=Guigne Précoce de Mathère.= P. _avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 27. 1876.

_Early Mathere._ =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 416. 1899.

Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; stem short; skin red; flesh yellowish-red, juicy, sweet; stone small, clinging; early.

=Guigne Précoce Ponctuée.= P. _avium._ =1.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:208. 1866.

A variegated cherry with uncolored juice, mentioned by Mortillet.

=Guigne de Provence.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 18. 1876. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:152. 1882. =3.= _Guide Prat._ 18. 1895.

Although very similar to Transparente de Coë, according to _Guide Pratique_, 1895, Guigne de Provence is a distinct variety. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, obtuse-cordate; skin reddish-carmine; flesh rather firm, sweet; first quality; matures the last half of June.

=Guigne Ramon Oliva.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 355. 1888. =2.= _Soc. Nat. Hort. France Pom._ 112 fig., 113. 1904.

A chance seedling noticed first by M. Charozé, horticulturist, at Pyramide-Trelazé, near Angers, France. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, usually borne in twos or threes, roundish-cordate; suture indistinct; stem long; color brownish-black, glossy; flesh fine, juicy, sweet; pit large, oval; ripens early in June.

=Guigne Rose Hâtive.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 24, 199. 1876.

_Kleine frühe rothe Herzkirsche._ =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 164. 1819.

_Rosenrothe Maikirsche._ =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:18. 1858. =4.= _Ill. Handb._ 55 fig., 56. 1860.

_Guignier à fruit rose hâtif._ =5.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:503. 1860.

Guigne Rose Hâtive was received by Jahn from Dochnahl who believed Rheinpfalz, a former palatinate in Germany, to be its home. Tree productive, drooping; fruit of medium size, uneven particularly about the stem, roundish-cordate, sides flattened; suture indistinct; stem medium in length; cavity shallow; skin rose-colored in the middle of May, later changing to a reddish-purple or black; flesh tender, with colored juice, sweet if ripe; stone rather large, ovate to oval; ripens at the end of May or the beginning of June.

=Guigne Rouge Commune.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:152. 1882.

The flowers and foliage only are described.

=Guigne Rouge Ponctuée.= _P. avium._ =1.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:89 fig., 90, 91, 218. 1866.

This cherry is similar to Rothe Molkenkirsche but is different in pit. It was found in the province of l'Isere, France. Fruit large to above, depressed at both extremities, flattened on both sides, one of which is traversed by a wide, shallow suture; stem above medium in length, set in a shallow, rather narrow cavity; skin firm, thick, brilliant, changing to deep red, mottled; flesh white, faintly rose-colored especially about the pit, moderately firm, at maturity it loses its sourness becoming sugary and aromatic; pit large, oblong-oval; ripens at the beginning of June.

=Guigne de Russie à Fruit Blanc.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Guigne Très Précoce.= _P. avium._ 1. Hogg _Fruit Man._ 275, 301. 1884.

A very early, black cherry, a week earlier than the Early Purple. Fruit rather small, obtuse-cordate, irregular in outline; stem long, slender, deeply inserted in a wide cavity; skin quite black; flesh very tender; juice colored; good.

=Guigne van der Broek.= _P. avium._ =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:39, 40. 1771.

A very small, juicy cherry similar to the Black Guigne in form, color and taste; somewhat oblong; dark, brownish-black; of a very sweet, agreeable taste.

=Guigne Villeneuve.= _P. avium._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 15, 1876.

_Villeneuver Herzkirsche._ =2.= _Proskauer Obstsort._ 57. 1907.

This variety is believed to be native to the region around the Auvergne mountains, France. Fruit very large, quadrangular; skin a vivid rose color overspreading a whitish ground; ripens late in June.

=Guignier à Fruit Noir et Très-long Pédoncule.= _P. avium._ =1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:503. 1860.

Obtained from seed and fruited first in 1824. Tree erect, vigorous; fruit small, conical, black; stem nearly four inches long; flesh watery, colored, sweet, agreeably acidulated.

=Guignier à Petit Fruit Noir.= _P. avium._ =1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:502. 1860.

This variety differs from the Grosse Schwarze Herzkirsche only in size of fruit.

=Guindoux Noir de Faix.= Species? =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 26. 1876.

Mentioned by Thomas without description.

=Gunsleber Späte Knorpelkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 320, 321. 1819.

A seedling of White Spanish ripening early in August. Fruit small, blushed with light and dark red on a white ground; flesh firm, sweet; unproductive.

=Halbgefülltblühende Weichsel.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:66, 67. 1858.

_Schwarze Weichsel mit halb gefüllter Blüte._ =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 606, 607, 608. 1819.

Truchsess says that only the semi-doubles have perfect pistils and the other flowers do not produce fruit. Fruit oblate; stem long, inserted in a shallow cavity; skin thin, tough, glossy, black; flesh tender, fibrous near the stem, with dark juice, pleasing.

=Halifax.= Species? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 94. 1854.

Halifax is an old variety reported from Maryland.

=Hallock.= _P. avium._

Hallock is a supposed seedling of Downer found by Nicholas Hallock, Milton, New York; not disseminated. It resembles Downer in color but is slightly smaller and about two weeks later.

=Hallowell.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Me. Sta. An. Rpt._ =22=:175. 1906.

Hallowell is a seedling of Black Tartarian.

=Hamell Kirsche.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Hamels Arissen.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Mentioned in this reference.

=Hartlib.= Species? =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831.

Listed without a description.

=Hartlippe.= Species? =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 572. 1629.

"The Hartlippe Cherrie is so called of the place where the best of this kinde is noursed up, being betweene Sittingbourne and Chattam in Kent, and is the biggest of our English kindes."

=Hartz Mountain.= Species? =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 48. 1874.

This variety was brought from Germany by a Mr. Meyer of St. Peter, Minnesota, with whom it has proved hardy and productive.

=Hâtive de Balis.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 362. 1889.

Mentioned in the reference given.

=Hâtive ou Précoce.= Species? =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831.

Listed without a description.

=Hâtive de Prin.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 280, 281, Pl. 1893. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 17. 1895.

_Priner Frühweichsel._ =3.= _Proskauer Obstsort._ 59. 1907.

This variety was introduced by M. Maquerlot of Fismes, Marne, France. It resembles Montmorency in shape, with a longer stem. Fruit often borne in fours; cavity deep; skin thin, deep red; flesh of a rose color, transparent, sugary, acidulated, juicy; pit of medium size, orbiculated.

=Hâtive de St. Jean.= Species? =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831.

Listed without a description.

=Headley.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Mentioned in this reference.

=Healy.= _P. avium._ =1.= Sweet _Cat._ II. 1897.

Healy is an old, sweet variety thought to have come from Pennsylvania; introduced by George A. Sweet, Dansville, New York.

=Hedelfingen.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 549. 1901.

_Hedelfingen Risenkirsche._ =2.= _Ill. Handb._ 77 fig., 78. 1860.

_Colassale d'Hedelfingen._ =3.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:301. 1866.

_Géante d'Hedelfingen._ =4.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 20, 194. 1876.

_Monstrueuse d'Hedelfingen._ =5.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:59, 60, fig. 30. 1882.

_Bigarreau de Hedelfingen._ =6.= _Gard. Chron._ =20=:160. 1896.

This variety probably originated in the village of Hedelfingen, Germany. Tree strong, vigorous, productive; fruit very large, obtuse-cordate; suture noticeable on both sides; stem very long; cavity deep, narrow; skin glossy, tough, dark brown changing to black, with light red dots; flesh fibrous, dark red, more tender than many Bigarreaus, yet firm, juicy, pleasing, aromatic; stone of medium size, long, truncate at the base; ripens in July; good for table, kitchen and market.

=Hedwigs Kirsche.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 362. 1889.

Listed but not described.

=Heidelberger Kirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Christ _Wörterb._ 290. 1802.

A very dark, black, small, short-stemmed Sour Cherry ripening at the beginning of September.

=Heiges.= _P. avium._ =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 40. 1895.

Heiges is a seedling of the Bigarreau type, from C. E. Hoskins, Springbrook, Oregon, ripening there the last of June. Fruit large, heart-shaped, very smooth; cavity medium in size and depth, regular, flaring; stem short, slender; suture shallow, narrow; skin thin, tenacious, dark purplish-black, with minute golden, indented dots; flesh very dark, purplish-black, with a few light veins, meaty, tender, juicy, sweet, aromatic; quality best; pit large, oval, semi-clinging.

=Heintzen (Heintze's) Frühe Kirsche.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 362. 1889.

Listed in the reference given.

=Henneberger Grafenkirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Christ _Handb._ 675. 1797. =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 548, 549, 550. 1819. =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:64. 1858. =4.= Christ _Obstbäume_ 159. 1790.

_Cerise du Comte de Henneberg._ =5.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:307. 1866.

Fruit of medium size, flattened, without a suture; black when ripe; stem long, slender, shallowly inserted; flesh tender, with a pleasant sourness; ripens in July.

=Hensel Early.= Species? =1.= _Horticulturist_ =22=:233 fig. 1867.

Hensel is an accidental seedling found on the grounds of G. W. Zahm, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and named after the former owner of the property. Tree moderate in growth, hardy, productive; fruit roundish, obtuse at the base; stem slender; flesh half-tender, juicy; good; ripens the first part of June; not disposed to rot.

=Herzkirsche Léona Quesnel.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 62. 1889.

Mentioned but not described by Mathieu.

=Herzkirsche Trauben.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:153. 1882.

The flowers and foliage only are described.

=Herzkirsche Wils Frühe.= Species? =1.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ 439. 1897. Listed without a description.

=Herzkirschweichsel.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Christ _Handb._ 673. 1797.

According to Christ, this cherry is a Morello; fruit large, with an indistinct suture; stem rather long, deeply set; color reddish-black; flesh tender, subacid; stone cordate; ripens the middle of July.

=Herzog May.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 330. 1885. =2.= _Ohio Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 22. 1892-93.

Imported by Professor J. L. Budd from Southwestern Russia where it does well on wet, unfavorable soil. Tree open and upright, a true Duke of the best quality.

=Hoadley.= _P. avium._ =1.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 209 fig. 1854.

Hoadley was raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio, in 1842, and was named by Elliott in honor of George Hoadley of Cleveland. Tree healthy, vigorous, with a round, spreading head; fruit above medium in size, roundish-cordate; stem of medium length; cavity shallow; skin pale yellow, mottled and striped with clear carmine; flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, sweet, sprightly, almost translucent; pit of medium size; season the last of June; valuable for table use but will not stand shipment.

=Hockenberg.= _P. cerasus._

Mentioned in a letter from H. Back & Sons, New Trenton, Indiana, as resembling an Amarelle; of no particular value.

=Hogg Black Gean.= _P. avium._ =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 69, 84. 1866. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Fruit of medium size, obtuse-cordate; stem long; skin black, glossy; flesh and juice dark, rich, sweet, tender; season at the beginning of July.

=Hogg Red Gean.= _P. avium._ =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 69, 84. 1866.

Fruit medium large, roundish, inclined to heart-shape; stem long; skin red, mottled with amber-yellow; flesh yellowish, tender, sweet, rich, with uncolored juice; ripens the first of July.

=Hoke.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 24. 1894.

Hoke is a Duke, long known in York County, Pennsylvania, and regarded as worthy of wider dissemination. It originated at Hanover, Pennsylvania, with Henry Wirt, and was known as Wirt until the farm changed hands in 1848, when it became known as Hoke. The fruit, as grown at this Station, is large, obtuse-cordate; cavity large, deep; skin thick, tough, resisting rot in rainy weather, dark, mottled with red; stem long, moderately thick, swollen at either end; flesh firm, meaty, dark pink, subacid, sprightly; quality very good; stone medium; season the last of June.

=Höllandische Späte Weichsel.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Christ _Handb._ 677. 1797. =2.= Christ _Wörterb._ 288. 1802.

_Höllandische Kirsche._ =3.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 597-599. 1819.

_Höllandische Weichsel._ =4.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:65. 1858.

This variety is distinguished from others of its class by its smaller stone, tender flesh, longer stem and later ripening. Tree never large, productive; fruit large, nearly round, sides slightly compressed; suture distinct; stem long; color brownish-red; flesh tender, colored, juicy, very sour; ripens in August but hangs until September.

=Holman Duke.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= Langley _Pomona_ 86, Pl. 17 fig. 1. 1729. =2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:135, 136. 1832. =3.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 99. 1846. =4.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:346, 347 fig. 1877.

_Cerise Royale Tardive D'Angleterre._ =5.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =1=:107, 108, Pl. 1853.

_Cherry-Duck._ =6.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:507. 1860.

_Royale Tardive._ =7.= Mortillet _Le Cerisier_ =2=:155, 156 fig., 157, 158, 305. 1866. =8.= _Pom. France_ =7=:No. 1, Pl. 1. 1871. =9.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:162. 1882.

Holman Duke is thought to be of English origin and a seedling of May Duke. The name, Royale Tardive, a synonym of Holman Duke, has been used interchangeably for several Duke cherries. Fruit large to above, roundish-cordate; suture moderate; stem above medium in size, set in a rather deep, narrow, irregular cavity; skin thin, brownish-red changing to nearly black when fully mature; flesh red, fibrous, juicy, vinous, acidulated; pit of medium size, ovoid; dorsal suture not very apparent; ripens the middle of July.

=Holme Late Duke.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 27. 1876.

Mentioned by Thomas without a description.

=Holstein.= Species? =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =17=:363. 1851.

A medium-sized, round, red, seedling cherry.

=Homer.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =73=:71, 72. 1903. =2.= Jewell _Cat._ 35. 1906. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 27. 1909.

Homer is a seedling of the Morello type from New Haven, Connecticut, introduced from Homer, Minnesota; said to be valuable in the Northwest. Fruit medium to large, roundish-oblate; stem short, stout; cavity shallow, moderately broad; skin red, becoming darker, thin, rather tough; flesh tender, uncolored, juicy, mildly subacid; pit round, semi-clinging; ripens the last of June.

=Honey.= _P. avium._ =1.= Coxe _Cult. Fr. Trees_ 251. 1817. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 217. 1854. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 243. 1858.

_Large Honey._ =4.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831.

_Yellow Honey._ =5.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:110. 1832.

_Cream._ =6.= _Horticulturist_ =1=:148. 1846-47.

_Summer's Honey_? =7.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 228. 1849.

_Late Honey_? =8.= _Ibid._ 235, 236. 1849.

Honey, though grown only in America, is probably of foreign origin--an old sort renamed. Tree similar to Black Mazzard but more spreading. Fruit small, roundish-oval, yellowish, mottled with red, becoming deep amber-red; stem long, slender; flesh tender, melting, juicy, sweet; pit large; season the middle of July.

=Honey Dew.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Conn. Bd. Agr. Rpt._ =11=:340. 1877.

Spoken of as a valuable variety originating in Connecticut.

=Honeywood.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:205. 1843.

Mentioned as unworthy of cultivation.

=Hoppock Yellow.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =12=:164. 1886.

This variety originated in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, from seed sown by Cornelius Hoppock. Fruit of medium size, cordate, sweet; very productive.

=Hoskins.= _P. avium._ =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 262. 1892. =2.= _Ibid._ 292, Pl. VI. 1893. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 150. 1895. =4.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 24. 1899.

Hoskins originated with C. E. Hoskins,[86] Newberg, Oregon, about 1880, as a seedling of Napoleon. Tree vigorous, upright, somewhat spreading; fruit large, roundish-cordate suture a line; stem short, set in a roundish cavity; color dull purplish-red; flesh purple, fibrous, firm, sprightly, sweet; quality good; ripens in mid-season.

=Hovey.= _P. avium._ =1.= Hovey _Fr. Am._ =2=:25, 26, Pl. 1851. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =19=:405, 406 fig. 27. 1853. =3.= Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 74. 1862.

Hovey originated with C. M. Hovey, Boston, Massachusetts, being selected from a bed of seedlings in 1839; first fruited in 1848. For a time it was considered a cherry of considerable value but at present it is but little known. Tree very vigorous, upright, spreading, productive; fruit large, obtuse-cordate; stem short, rather stout; skin rich amber mottled with brilliant red; flesh pale amber, rather firm but tender, sprightly becoming sweet; very good in quality; stone slightly adherent to the pulp, small, oval.

=Hoy.= _P. avium._ =1.= Chase _Cat._ 12. 1909. =2.= _Ibid._ Pl. 1910.

A new cherry recently found in one of the suburbs of Philadelphia and introduced in 1909 by the Chase Nursery Company, Geneva, New York, as a very valuable Sweet Cherry. As grown at the Geneva Station it is smaller and no better than Napoleon. Tree vigorous, hardy, healthy, unproductive on the Station grounds. Fruit large, roundish-cordate, slightly flattened, with irregular surfaces; cavity deep; suture a line; stem of medium thickness and length, adhering to the fruit; skin rather thin, of medium toughness, adhering to the pulp, amber covered with light red, sometimes spotted; flesh whitish, juicy, stringy, tender, somewhat meaty, crisp, sprightly, sweet; quality good; stone clinging, roundish, plump; ripens in mid-season.

[86] Oregon has given to pomology two notable breeders of cherries,
Seth Lewelling and C. E. Hoskins, the subject of this sketch.
Cyrus Edwin Hoskins was born on a farm in Clinton County, Ohio,
July 3, 1842, and there he grew to manhood. Almost at the first
call for men to defend the Union in the Civil War, Mr. Hoskins
responded and joined the 13th Ohio regiment, serving until the
close of the war. Returning to Ohio, he gave attention to fruit
culture, testing many varieties of several fruits and producing
some new grapes and berries. In 1877 Mr. Hoskins moved to Newberg,
Yamhill County, Oregon, settling on new land and thus becoming a
pioneer in the Northwest. His first pomological venture in Oregon
was in growing prunes, his orchard of this fruit being one of
the first, and he is credited with having built one of the first
evaporators for the curing of prunes in America. For some years he
maintained his prune ranch and evaporator, developing a product
that gave him the highest reputation in prune markets and made him
one of the leading authorities on this fruit in the United States.
Early in his orchard work in Oregon Mr. Hoskins began to produce
new varieties of cherries and soon offered for sale a number of
promising seedlings of which Vesta, Lake, Occident, Stryker and
Hoskins were most worthy. Unfortunately, ill health in the family
compelled Mr. Hoskins to move from Yamhill County, to which place,
after having spent several years in Jackson County, Oregon, and in
the Hawaiian Islands, he returned with the expectation of taking
up his work in breeding cherries and prunes, but his death, August
18, 1908, occurred before his work had been again well begun. The
Pacific Northwest owes a debt of gratitude to Mr. Hoskins for the
spendid part he played in developing the fruit industry of that
region and pomologists the country over owe him much for his labors
in breeding cherries.

=Hubbard.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 437. 1898.

Hubbard is a variety of the Morello class grown about Villa Ridge, Illinois. Tree dwarfish, drooping, bears early, productive; fruit large, cordate, nearly black; precedes Early Richmond.

=Hungarian Gean.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 50. 1831. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 302. 1884.

_Hungarian Cherry of Zwerts._ =3.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 574. 1629. =4.= Rea _Flora_ 206. 1676.

Although there seems to be a discrepancy in the size of the cherry mentioned by Parkinson and Rea and the one described by Hogg, all three writers undoubtedly referred to the same sort. While the first two references describe the variety as exceptionally large no definite statements are made, thus giving strength to the following description made by Hogg many years later. Tree productive; fruit rather below medium in size, obtuse-cordate; skin amber, mottled with red on the sunny side; flesh white, half-tender, mildly sweet; quality fair; stone large, ovate; ripens in July.

=Hyde Late Black.= _P. avium._ =1.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 237. 1849. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 262. 1857.

This variety originated with T. & G. Hyde, Newton, Massachusetts. Tree strong in growth, productive; fruit medium in size, obtuse-cordate, purplish-black; flesh half-firm, melting, juicy; resembles Eagle but is later.

=Hyde Red Heart.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =8=:284. 1842. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 175. 1845.

_Hyde's Seedling._ =3.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 232. 1849.

Another seedling from T. & G. Hyde, Newton, Massachusetts. Tree vigorous, hardy, spreading, productive; fruit of medium size, cordate; stem short; skin pale yellow, becoming lively red; flesh tender, with a pleasant sprightliness, juicy; season early July.

=Imperial Morello.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 279. 1857.

_Poitou griotte._ =2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:148. 1832.

_Imperial._ =3.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 209. 1854.

_Griotte Impériale._ =4.= Thomas _Guide Prat._ 17, 195. 1876. =5.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =17=:9. 1892.

_Griotte à Courte Queue._ =6.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =5=:284 fig., 285. 1877.

_Guindoux du Poitou._ =7.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:113, 114, fig. 57. 1882.

_Kaiserliche Weichsel._ =8.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 364. 1889.

An old variety recently introduced into the Northwest where it has proved very hardy. Tree small, low-headed, productive, bears early; fruit medium to large, roundish-oval; stem very short, shallowly inserted; skin very dark red; flesh tender, juicy, pleasantly acid when ripe; pit small, long, pointed; ripens the middle of July.

=Incomparable en Beauté.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:161. 1882.

Listed in the reference given.

=Intorka.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 667. 1897.

Intorka is an importation from Russia. Fruit of medium size, round, yellow and red; flesh firm, yellowish, subacid.

=Jaune de Prusse.= _P. avium._ =1.= McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:544. 1855. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 466. 1869. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:93, 94, fig. 47. 1882.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small, obtuse-cordate; stem long, slender, inserted in a narrow cavity; skin firm, light yellow, translucent; flesh yellowish-white, tender, juicy, sweet but slightly bitter before it is fully ripe; pit large for the size of the fruit; ripens after Downer.

=Jean Arendsen.= Species? =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:37. 1771.

According to Knoop, it closely resembles the round Pragische Muskateller in both form and color but is not as good in quality.

=Jenkin Black Heart.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 47. 1831.

Mentioned without description.

=Jerusalem Kirsche von der Natte.= Species? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:153, 154. 1882.

Flowers and leaves only are described.

=Jerusalemskirsche.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 557-561. 1819.

_Späte Königliche Weichsel._ =2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =1=:8, Tab. 19 fig. 2. 1792. =3.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 561-563. 1819.

_Späte grosse königliche Weichsel._ =4.= Christ _Handb._ 683. 1797.

_Pyramidenkirsche._ =5.= Christ _Wörterb._ 291. 1802.

_Pyramidenweichsel._ =6.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 529-531. 1819.

The origin of this old variety is unknown but it was chiefly grown in Germany. Tree unproductive; fruit large, oval, with a shallow suture; stem long, set in a shallow cavity; skin dark red, changing to black, glossy; flesh moderately firm, juicy, pleasing subacid; pit large, walnut-shaped, clinging; ripens the last of July in Germany.

=Jocosot.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =19=:167, 168, 404. 1853. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 197 fig. 1854.

_Jockotos._ =3.= Hooper _W. Fr. Book_ 270. 1857.

Jocosot was raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio, in 1842, from a pit of the Yellow Spanish and named after an Indian chief. Tree thrifty, round-topped, productive; fruit large, regular, obtuse-cordate, indented at the apex, sides compressed; suture broad; stem long, set in a cavity of medium size; skin glossy, of a dark-liver color, almost black; flesh tender, with indistinct radiating lines, juicy, sweet; pit below medium in size, smooth; ripens the last of June.

=Joel Keil Kleine Schwarze Herzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:22. 1858.

Fruit small, roundish-cordate; suture indistinct; stem long, slender, shallowly inserted; skin black; flesh rather firm, sweet, juicy, colored; pit oval, clinging; ripens the middle of July to the middle of August.

=June Amarelle.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 330. 1885. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =73=:72. 1903.

_Cerisier juniat._ =3.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 649, 650, 691. 1819.

_Junius Amarelle._ =4.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:70. 1858.

_Juniat Amarelle._ =5.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =11=:159. 1882. =6.= _Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 328. 1888. =7.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:243. 1898-99.

_June Morello._ =8.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =19=:548. 1892.

Truchsess refers to this cherry as having been described by Sickler in 1805. Budd, in his importations of 1883, from Russia, included this variety. Tree of medium size, vigorous, rather unproductive; fruit above medium in size, roundish-oblate; stem stout, of medium length; suture indistinct; skin thin, rather tough, separating readily from the pulp, light red; flesh firm, meaty, yellowish, juicy; flavor subacid; quality fair; stone of medium size, somewhat round; season that of Early Richmond which it resembles in size, flavor and color.

=June Duke.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= Hooper _W. Fr. Book_ 269. 1857.

_Shippen._ =2.= Coxe _Cult. Fr. Trees_ 248. 1817.

A tart variety similar to May Duke, known about Philadelphia as Shippen and Wetherill. Tree vigorous; fruit large and pleasing; ripens late in June.

=Justinische Morello.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= Christ _Wörterb._ 291. 1802. =2.= Truchsess-Heim _Kirschensort_. 523, 524. 1819.

_Justinische Amarelle._ =3.= Christ _Handb._ 683. 1797.

This variety is separated from other Sour Cherries ripening with it, through its firm flesh, its straight, shallowly set stem and its astringent, sour flavor. Fruit of medium size, roundish, sides broadly compressed; stem of medium length, rather stout; suture shallow; skin tough, brownish-red; flesh dark red, with clear red juice.

=Kamdesa.= _P. pumila × P. persica._ =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =108=:1908.

Noted in the reference as a cross between the Sand Cherry and the Opulent peach. "The blossoms show a tendency to double."

=Kappenblättrige Süssweichsel.= _P. avium × P. cerasus._ =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =3=:47. 1858.

Distinguished from May Duke through its smaller fruit and rolled leaves.

=Kassin Frühe Herzkirsche.= _P. avium._ =1.= Lauche _Ergänzungsband_ 601. 1883. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:60. 1900.

Kassin, a vineyardist, in Potsdam, Prussia, Germany, raised this sort from seed. Fruit large, obtuse-cordate, sides compressed; suture indistinct; stem of medium length, thick, set in a small cavity; skin dark brown changing to reddish-black, dotted; flesh dark, juicy, sweet; excellent; stone roundish-oval; ripens the first week of the season.

=Katie.= _(P. avium × P. cerasus) × P. avium._ =1.= _Am. Hort. An._ 86 fig. 1869.

Katie is a seedling of Louis Philippe crossed with a Mazzard. The tree has the Mazzard habit of growth, yet produces fruit resembling May Duke in form and size but deeper in color; flesh tender; matures with Downer.

=Kaufmann.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 345. 1906.

Kaufmann is a stray seedling of English Morello from Minnesota. It is larger and a little longer in stem than the supposed parent and ripens with the last of the Early Richmond.

=Kazan Seedling.= Species? =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:240. 1898-99.

Listed in the reference given.

=Kelly.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 253. 1903.

A Sweet Cherry from Berrien County, Michigan.

=Kennicott.= _P. avium._ =1.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 210 fig. 1854.

Kennicott was raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland and named by Elliott after Dr. J. A. Kennicott of Northfield, Illinois. Tree vigorous, hardy, spreading, productive; fruit large, oval-cordate, compressed; suture shallow; stem short, inserted in an irregular cavity; skin amber-yellow, mottled with bright, clear, glossy red; flesh yellowish-white, firm, juicy, sweet; pit below medium in size, smooth; ripens about the middle of July.

=Kentish Drier.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831.

A medium-sized, red cherry of first quality used for culinary purposes; ripening in July. Confused by some with Early Richmond.

=Kentish Preserve.= Species? =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 52. 1831.

Listed without a description.

=Keokuk.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =19=:167, 168. 1853. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 210 fig. 1854.

Keokuk is another seedling raised by Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleveland, Ohio, from a pit of Yellow Spanish, probably crossed with Black Tartarian, Black Mazzard, or May Duke. Tree vigorous, strong; fruit large, cordate; stem stout; skin dark purplish-black; flesh half-tender, purple, rather coarse; deficient in flavor; pit of medium size; season early in July.

=Kesterter Früh Kirsche.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 364. 1889.

Listed in the reference given.

=King George the Second.= _P. avium._ =1.= Brookshaw _Pom. Brit._ Pl. 6. 1817. =2.= Brookshaw _Hort. Reposit._ =1=:3, Pl. II fig. 1. 1823.

This variety is distinguished from other black cherries by its uneven surface. Fruit large, with a rich, sweet flavor; ripens the first of June and hangs for six weeks.

=King Morello.= _P. cerasus._ =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 78. 1890. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:60. 1900. =3.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ =2=:277. 1903.

King Morello is another of Budd's importations from Russia. Tree very hardy, moderate in growth; fruit large, oblate; stem variable; skin dark red; flesh yellowish-white, firm, sprightly, juicy, good; pit very small; ripens with Early Richmond.

=Kirsche von Basel.= _P. avium._ =1.= _Ill. Handb._ 19 fig., 20. 1867.