Chapter I: shall faithfully commend unto the Presse (13)

Thus have I briefly set downe the way of declining all sorts of Nounes, and conjugating all sorts of Verbes of this tongue. It remaineth now that I speak of Verbes passives; their forming and their conjugating with like Particles. The Verbes passives being of divers terminations, are diversly formed. Commonly those that end with an _A_, cut off the _A_, in the passive, and to the last consonant add _hi_. As for example, _Nuroca_, I whip or beat, the passive is _Quinrochi_. So _Nurapa_, I whip or beat, in the passive is _Quinraphi_. Except _Nutsiba_, I write, which changeth _b_ into _m. Quintsimhi_, I am written. Those that end in _oh_, change _oh_ into _onhi_. As _nulocoh_, I love. _Quinloconhi_, I am loved. So those that end in _eh_, doe change _eh_ into _hi_, as _Invivireh_, I hear, _Quinivirhi_, I am heard. _Nucuta_, I teach, _Quincuthi_, I am taught, by the first rule. But those that end in _ça_ (where note this letter _ç_ or _c_, with a tittle under it, is pronounced like _s_) change the _a_ into _ihi_. As for example: _inveça_ I deliver, _Quineçihi_, I am delivered. _Nucamça_, I kill, _Quincamçihi_, I am killed; those that end in _ach_, adde _hi_ in the passive, as _Nuçach_, I forgive, in the passive maketh _Quinçachhi_, I am forgiven. The particles that vary, or conjugate the Verbes passives, are these following:

Sing. _Quin. Ti. In_. Plural. _Coh_, or _Co. Tita. Quitacque._ As for example:

_Quinloconchi_, I am loved, _Tiloconhi_, thou art loved. _Inloconhi_, hee is loved. Plural. _Coloconhi_, wee are loved. _Tiloconhita_, yee are loved. _Quiloconhitacque_, they are loved.

_Quinrochi_, I am beaten or whipped; _Tirochi_, thou art beaten or whipped; _Inrochi_, he is beaten or whipped. Plural. _Corochi_, we are beaten or whipped; _Tirochita_, ye are beaten or whipped; _Quirochi tacque_, they are beaten or whipped.

The Particles for the preterperfect tense are these following.

Sing. _Xin. Ixti. Ix._ Plural. _Xoh_, or _Xo. Ixti ta; xi tacque._ As for example. Sing. _Xinloconhi_, I have bin loved. _Ixtiloconhi_, thou hast bin loved. _Ixloconhi_, hee hath been loved. Plural. _Xoloconhi_, wee have been loved. _Ixtiloconhita_, yee have been loved. _Xiloconhi tacque_, they have been loved. _Xinrochit_, I have been whipped or beaten. _Ixtirochi_, thou hast been whipped or beaten. _Ixrochi_, hee hath been whipped or beaten. Plural. _Xorochi_, or _xohrochi_, we have been whipped or beaten, _Ixtirochita_, yee have been whipped or beaten. _Xirochi tacque_, they have been whipped or beaten.

The Imperative Mood is thus:

_Tiloconhi_, Bee thou loved, _Chiloconho_, let him bee loved. Plural. _Chicaloconho_, let us bee loved, _Tiloconhota_, bee yee loved, _Chiquiloconho tacque_, let them bee loved. Where you see the particle _hi_ is changed into _ho_.

The Optative Mood, and the Conjunctive are after the manner of the Verbs Actives, by put to _ta_ in the Optative, and _vei_ in the Conjunctive. As for example.

_Quinloconhi ta_, I pray God I bee loved. _Tiloconhi ta_, I pray God thou bee loved; _Inloconhita_, I pray God hee be loved; _Cohloconhita_, I pray God we bee loved. _Tiloconhitata_, I pray God yee be loved. _Quiloconhi ta tacque_, I pray God they bee loved.

So in the preterperfect tense _ta_ onely is added; as for example.

_Xinloconhi ta_, would to God I have or had been loved. _Ixtiloconhita_, pray God thou hast or hadst bin loved, _Ixloconhita_, pray God he have or had been loved. Plur. _Xoloconhita_, pray God we have or had been loved, _Ixtiloconhi ta ta_, I pray God ye have or had bin loved, _Xiloconhi ta tacque_, I pray God they have or had been loved. Where note that the particle _Ta_, if any other word or sentence be put with the Verb, may bee put before the Verb, as _Nim ta Quinloconhi_, I pray God I be greatly loved. Otherwise if the Verbe be alone, _ta_ is placed after it.

The Conjunctive Mood is thus, _Vei Quinloconhi_, if I be loved, _Vei tiloconhi_, if thou bee loved, and so forth.

This is all, which commonly is taught concerning this tongue. In which grounds hee that is perfect in, and hath a Dictionary of the severall words of it, may soone learn to speake it. As I shall understand by my best friends, that there is a desire of further printing a Dictionary, I shall satisfie their desires, and apply my self unto it. These few rules for the present I have thought fit to print, for curiosity sake, and that it may appear, how easie the _Indian_ tongues are to be learned. I shall conclude this unparalleld work, with the Lords Prayer in that tongue, and with a brief explication of it.

_Catat taxah vilcat; Nimta incaharçihi avi; Inchalita Avihauripan Cana. Invanivita Nava yahvir vachacal, he invantaxah. Chaye runa cahuhunta quih viic; Naçachtacamac, he incaçachve quimac ximacquivi chiquih; Macoacana chipam catacchihi; Coaveçata china unche stiri, mani quiro, he inqui. Amen._

Note. _Catat_, according to the rule of declining Nounes, is the first person plural, which is known by the particle _Ca_, added to _Tat_, which signifieth father; and _Catat_ is our father.

_Taxah_ signifieth heaven; it is put before the word or verb _vilcat_, for more elegancy sake, and for better placing of it, contrary to the _Latin_ and _English_, where _es_, and _art_, is put before _in cælis_, or in heaven. Likewise it is put without a preposition, contrary to the Greeke, Latin and English: for in this tongue many times the prepositions are omitted and understood.

_Vilcat_ signifieth _es_ or _art_: it is the second person of the Verbe, _Sum, es, fui,_ which is a Verbe Anomal, and not conjugated after the rule of Verbes above. As for example. _Vilquin_, I am, _Vilcat_, thou art, _villi_, hee is. Plural. _Vilcoh_, wee are, _Vilcatta_, yee are, _Vilque tacque_, they are. The Preterperfect tence, _Xinvi_, I have been, _Ixtivi_, thou hast been, _Ixvi_, hee hath been. Plural. _Xohvi_, we have been, _Ixtivita_, yee have been, _Xivi tacque_, they have been. Imperative. _Tivi_ or _Tivo_, bee thou; _Chivi_ or _Chivo_, let him be. Plural. _Cohvi ta_ or _Cohvo ta_, let us bee; _Tivita_ or _Tivota_, bee yee; _Quivi ta_ or _Quivo ta tacque_, let them bee. The Optative and Conjunctive are according to the Rule above, by adding _ta_ or _vei_, to the present tense, and preterperfect tense of the Indicative Mood.

_Nim ta Incaharcihi_, which signifieth, I pray God may be greatly magnified. _Nim_ signifieth great or greatly. _Ta_ is _optantis_, or of wishing. _Incaharcihi_, is the third person of the Verbe _Quincaharcihi_, which signifieth to be magnified or extolled; and is formed according to the rule above, from the active verbe, _Nucaharça_, to magnifie or extoll, by changing the last _a_ into _ihi_, and adding _quin_ the particle of the passive.

_Avi_ thy name. _Vi_, signifieth name, and according to the rule above for Nounes beginning with a Consonant _a_ is the particle of the second person.

_Inchalita avihauri_, let come thy Kingdome, is the proper expression of this in _English. Inchali_, is the third person of the Verbe _Quinchali_, which signifieth to come. _Ta_ is as before _optantis_, or of wishing. _Ihauri_ or _Ihauric_, signifieth kingdome. _Av_, added, sheweth the second person.

_Pan cana_, upon our heads. This is a peculiar expression in that tongue; which (as all other tongues) hath many phrases, strange expressions, proper elegancies and circumlocutions. Whereof this one, to say, Let thy Kingdome come upon our heads. _Pam_ or _Pan_, is a preposition, signifying in or within, or upon. _Na_ signifieth head; _Nuna_, my head, _Cana_, our head, according to the rule above: from whence they call a hat, _Pan Nuna_, as being upon the head.

_Invanivi ta Nava_, let be done what thou wilt. They have no proper Noun to expresse a mans will, but expresse it by a Verbe: _Invanivi_, is the third person of the Verbe, _Quinvanivi_, which signifieth to be made or done. The Active is _Nuvan_, I doe or make: from whence are formed many passives, as _Quinvan_ or _Quinvanhi_, or _Quinvani_, or _Quinvanivi_, or _Quinbanari_; or _Quinvantihi_, whereof this last signifieth to bee done speedily. And so to all Verbes Actives and Passives, this particle _tihi_, is added at the end, to signifie hast or speed in doing any thing. _Nava_, is the second person of the Verbe, _Inva_, I will, according to the rule for verbes beginning with a vowell, _Nava_, thou wilt, _Inra_, he will.

_Yahvir vach a cal_, here upon the face of the earth; _Yahvir_, is an Adverbe signifying here, _Vach_, signifieth face, _Nuvach_, my face, _Avach_, thy face, _Ruvach_, his face. _Acal_, signifieth the earth or ground.

_He invan taxah_, as it is done in heaven. _He_ is an Adverbe, signifying even as, _Invan_, is the third person of the passive Verbe, _Quinvan_, to bee done. _Taxah_, as before, signifieth in heaven without any preposition to it.

_Chaye runa_, give to day. _Nuye_ is the first person of the present tense, signifying, I give, _Cha_, is the particle (according to the rule above) of the second person of the Imperative Mood. _Chaye_, give thou; _Chyrue_, let him give. _Runa_, to day.

_Cahuhun ta quih viic_, our every day bread, where note that _ca_, put before _huhun_ is very elegantly placed, though it doe belong to the word _viic_, which signifieth bread. _Nuviic_, my bread, _Caviic_, our bread. _Huhun_ is an undeclined word, signifying every one, or every thing. _quih_ signifieth the sun or the day.

_Naçach ta camac_, I pray God thou forgive our sinnes. They use not here the Imperative Mood, as in _Latin demitte_, and in _English_ forgive, but with the particle _ta_, of wishing, they use the Optative Mood. _Naçach_ is the second person of the Verbe, _Nuçach_, I forgive. _Mac_, signifieth sin. _Numac_, my sin or sins, _camac_, our sins. _Laval_ is another word in that tongue also to signifie sin.

_He incaçachve quimac_, Even as we forgive their sins. _Incaçach_ is the first person plural, according to the rule above, for verbes beginning with a consonant, _ve_ is put at the end for elegancy sake. _Quimac_ is the third person plural. Where note that in a whole speech or sentence, sometimes the particle _tacque_, observed above in the rule for declining is left out; and sometimes it is added. As here, _quimac_ their sins; or else it might have been _quimac tacque_.

_Xim acquivi chi quih_, that have sinned against our backs, of _Mac_, signifying sin, is this Verbe formed, _quinmacquivi_, to sin. So likewise of _lavil_, sin, is formed another Verb, _quinlavini_, to sin. This Verbe _quinmacquivi_ is a Deponent; of which sort there are many in that tongue, as _quincutani_, to preach, which have the same Particles as the Verbes Passives. _Chiquih_ is a word compounded of the Preposition _chi_ and _ih_, which signifieth back, and is varied like the Nounes beginning with a Vowell, and joyned with _chi_, signifieth against, as _Chivih_, against mee, _chavih_, against thee, _chirih_, against him. Plural. _Chiquih_, against us, _chavihta_, against yee, _chiquih tacque_, against them. And if another third person bee named, _chirih_, standeth for against, as _chirih Pedro_, against _Peter_, that is, against the back. If many be named in the third person Plural, then _chiquih_ is used, as _chiquih unche_, or _chiquih cunch elal_, against all.

_Mecoacana_, leave us not. This Verbe is here compounded of three: first, _Ma_, is abbreviated from the word _mani_, which signifieth no or not, as likewise _manchucu. Co_ or _coh_, signifieth wee or us, and as in the rules before I have observed, is put here before the Verb; which causeth the _n_ to be cut off from the verb, which otherwise should have beene _nacana_, of _nucana_, I leave, _nacana_, thou leavest, _inrucana_, he leaveth, and so forth.

_Chipam catacchihi_, in our being tempted. This is another great elegancy in that tongue to use a Verbe Passive for a Noune, and to add to it a Preposition; as here, _chipam_, which signifieth in; and putting to the Verbe the Particles wherewith the Nounes are varied and declined. _Nutacchih_, signifieth I tempt. The Passive is _quintacchihi_, I am tempted; from whence _nutacchihi_, signifieth my being tempted, or my temptation; _atacchihi_, thy temptation, _rutacchihi_, his temptation, _catacchihi_, our temptation.

_Coaveçata china unche tsiri._ Deliver us from all evill things. _Inveça_, as I have noted before, signifyeth to deliver. _Co_ is the first person Plural put before the Verbe, as I observed in the rule above, and in that Conjunction or compound _macoacana. China_ is a Preposition, signifying above or from. _Unche_, signifieth all, which is undeclinable. _tsiri_, is an Adjective properly undeclinable also or unvariable, in Gender, Case, and Number; as are all Adjectives in that tongue. It signifieth evill or bad; as _tsiri vinac_, an evill man, _tsiri ixoc_, a bad woman, _tsiri chicop_, a bad or evill beast; so likewise in the Plural number it is the same. Without a Substantive it is as the Newter Gender, as _malum_ for _malares_, signifying an evill thing, or evill things. The Substantive that is formed from it, is _tsiriquil_, which signifieth evill or wickednesse. _Voronquil_, signifieth the same.

_Mani quiroz_, not good: this is put for a further expression of evils to be delivered from whatsoever is not good. _Mani_, as I noted before, signifieth not. _Quiro_, is as _tsiri_, an Adjective, signifying good or a good thing, and is undeclinable, unvariable in both numbers. _Quiro vinac_, a good man, _quiro ixoc_, a good woman, _quiro chicop_, a good beast; so likewise in the plural number, _quiro vinac_, good men. The Substantive that is derived from this Adjective, is, _quirohal_, goodness. _Chiohal_, signifieth the same. _quirolah_, is very good, _tsirilah_, very bad, where _lah_ is added at the end of an adjective, it puts the same aggravation as _valde_ in _Latin_.

_He inqui_, even as he saith. The meaning is, even as hee saith that taught this prayer. _Quinqui_, signifieth I say, _tiqui_, thou saiest, _inqui_, hee saith, _Cohqui_, wee say, _tiquita_, yee say, _quiquitacque_, they say.

_Amen_. All words which have no true expression in the _Indians_ tongues, are continued in the _Spanish_, or in the proper tongue, as here _Amen_. So wine which formerly they had not, they call _vino_; though by an improper word some call it _Castilana ha_, that is, the water of Castile. So God, they call _Dios_ commonly; though some call him _Nim Ahval_, that is, the great Lord.

And thus for curiosities sake, and by the intreaty of some speciall friends, I have furnished the Presse with a language which never yet was printed, or known in _England_. A Merchant, Mariner, or Captaine at Sea may chance by fortune to be driven upon some Coast, where he may meet with some _Pocoman Indian_; and it may bee of great use to him, to have some light of this _Poconchi_ tongue. Whereunto I shall be willing hereafter to add something more for the good of my Countrey; and for the present I leave thee Reader to study what hitherto hath briefely been delivered by mee.

_FINIS._

A Table of the Chapters of this Booke, with the Contents of the most Remarkeable things in them.

CHAP. I.

_How_ Rome _doth yeerely visit the_ American _and_ Asian _Kingdomes_. page 1.

Contents.

_The Popes Policy in maintaining constantly some poore Pensionary Bishops in_ Rome. page 1.

_Without great Sums of Mony, and new Purple Clothing given to the Cardinals, Suits are not Canonized at_ Rome. pag. 2.

_Monies sent out of_ England _to_ Rome, _for Indulgencies to bee granted to private Altars in Papists private chambers._ page 2.

_More power granted to the Kings of_ Spain _over the Clergy in the_ West-India's, _then to other Princes in_ Europe, _upon condition that they maintain there the Popes Authority, and Preists to preach._ page 2. 3.

_The Jesuites challenge from_ Francis Xavierius _the Preaching of the Gospel as due onely to them._ page 3.

_Missions of Preists, Fryers, or Jesuites, are yeerely sent at the King of_ Spaine _his charge to the_ India's. page 3.

CHAP. II.

_Shewing that the_ Indians _wealth, under a pretence of their Conversion, hath corrupted the hearts of poore begging Fryers, with strife, hatred and ambition._ page 3.

Contents.

_Hatred grounded upon difference in Religion, is most bitter._ Page 3. 4.

_Jesuites and Fryers, but especially Dominicans, deadly enemies._ Page 4.

_A Jesuiticall trick well acted at_ Venice. page 4.

_Doctor_ Smith _Bishop of_ Chalcedon _sent by the Pope into_ England, _as private Head over all the_ Romish _Clergy, chiefly by the cunning subtilty of Jesuites was banished._ page 4.

_A Colledge privately intended to hee built in_ England, _by Jesuites at_ Winifreds Well; _as also the Sope houses at_ Lambeth, _with the Sope Patentee belonging to them._ page 5.

_More Jesuiticall prankes discovered._ page 5.

_Why Jesuites and Dominicans are dead enemies._ page. 5. 6.

Valentia _the Jesuite, his death most shamefull, for causing a false Print upon_ Augustins _workes._ page. 5. 6.

_Jesuites, excellent Musicians, Fencers, Dancers, Vaulters, Painters, Bribers, and Merchants._ p. 6.

CHAP. III.

_Shewing the manner of the Missions of Fryers, and Jesuites to the_ India's. pag. 7

Contents.

_Distinction of severall Provinces amongst the Fryers, and Jesuites, under head at Rome, named Generall._ page 7.

West-India _Fryers rich prizes to the_ Hollanders, page 7.

_Popes indulgence granted to such Fryers, as goe to the_ India's, _and his excommunication to such as oppose them._ page 8.

_Liberty draws most of the Fryers to the_ India's. page 8.

_The death of an unchast wife murthered by her owne husband, caused by the too much liberty of a wanton Fryer in_ Guatemala, Anno 1635. p. 9.

CHAP. IV.

_Shewing to what Provinces of the_ East _and_ West-India's _belonging to the Crowne of_ Castilia, _are sent missions of Fryers and Jesuites. And especially of the Missions sent in the yeer_ 1625. page 9.

Contents.

_Two sorts of_ Spaniards _in the_ India's _deadly enemies to one another,_ viz. _the Natives borne there, and such as goe from_ Spain _thither._ page 9. 10.

_What Religious Orders are the chief Preachers in the Province of_ Guatemala. page. 10.

_The_ Spaniards _chief trading from_ Spain _to_ Philippinas, _is first, by their ships to St_. John de Ulhua, _upon the North Sea; and secondly, from_ Acapulco, _upon the South Sea to_ Manila. page 11.

_A vaine and worldly discourse of a Fryer of the_ India's, page 11. 12.

_The chief cause of the Authors resolution to goe to_ East _and_ West-India's. page 12. 13.

_Foure poore Mendicant Fryers, as_ Apostles _entertained by_ Don Frederique de Toledo, _and the Gallies in_ Puerto de Santa Maria. page 14.

CHAP. V.

_Of the_ Indian _Fleet, that departed from_ Cales, Anno Dom. 1625. _And of some remarkable passages in that voiage._ page 14.

Contents.

_The love of Nuns too powerfull over Fryers._ page 14.

_The Author hid in an empty barrell on shipboard, in the Bay of_ Cales. page 15.

_The pleasure of the_ Indian _Navigation,_ 1625. _untill the first land was discovered._ page 16.

CHAP. VI.

_Of our discovery of some Islands, and what trouble befell us in one of them._ p. 16.

Contents.

_The Islands called_ Desseada, Marigalante, Dominica; Guadalupe, _are the first discovered in_ America, _in the_ Spanish _Navigation._ page 17.

_A Christian Mulatto having lived twelve yeeres among Heathens, with an Infidell wife and Children, found in_ Guadalupe. page 18.

_A suddaine uproare and mutiny of the_ Indians _of_ Guadalupe, _who slew and wounded many of the_ Spanish _Fleet,_ 1625. page 19.

CHAP. VII.

_Of our further sailing to St_. John de Ulhua, aliàs, Vera Crux, _of our landing there._ page 19.

Contents.

_A Fryer wounded at_ Guadalupe, _died, and was solemnly cast to the Sea._ pag. 20.

_A_ Spaniard _swimming in the sound of_ Mexico, _cruelly slain, and partly devoured by a Sea Monster._ page 21.

_The_ Virgin Mary, _called upon more then God, in a suddain apprehension of a storme._ page 21.

CHAP. VIII.

_Of our landing at_ Vera Crux, _otherwise St._ John de Ulhua, _and of our entertainment there._ page 22.

Contents.

_The vanity and worldlinesse of a Religious Dominican Superiour in St._ John de Ulhua. page 23.

_The houses and Churches of St._ John de Ulhua, _builded with boards and timber, and therefore easily and often fired._ page 23. 24.

_A further relation of the towne of St._ John de Ulhua, _with the rich trading of it from most parts of the_ West-India's, _as also from the_ East-India's. page 24.

CHAP. IX.

_Of our journey from St._ John de Ulhua _to_ Mexico, _and of the most remarkable Townes and Villages in the way._ page 25.

Contents.

_Our Fryers first entertainment by the_ Indians _of the old_ Vera Crux. page 25.

_A Franciscan Fryers vow and profession contrary to the vanity, carding, dicing, and swearing, practised by them of_ Xalappa, _in the_ India's. page 26.

_Abundance of Gnats in the_ Rinconada, _taketh away the comfort of the great abundance of provision that is there._ page 27.

_From whence the Towne called_ Segura de la Frontera _had its beginning._ page 27. 28.

CHAP. X.

_Wherein is set downe the Estate and Condition of the great Towne of_ Tlaxcallan, _when the first_ Spaniards _entered into the Empire of_ Mexico. Cortez _his first encounter with the_ Tlaxcalteca's, _their League with him, with a description of the Towne, and of the state and condition of it now._ page 29.

Contents.

_A wall of stone without Lime or Morter, of a fadome and a halfe high, and twenty foot broad, built by the Indian, for a defence in time of Warres before the comming of the_ Spaniards. page 29.

_Fourescore thousand_ Indians, _soon raised and armed by those of_ Tlaxcallan, _and soone overcome by a thousand onely_ Indians _and_ Spaniards _with_ Cortez. pag. 30. 31.

_Yet further a hundred and fifty thousand overcome by foure hundred_ Spaniards, _and six hundred_ Indians. page 31. 32.

_Three presents sent to_ Cortez, viz _five slaves, Frankincense and feathers, Fowles, Bread and Cherries, to know whether hee were a God or a man._ pag. 32.

Montezuma _the Emperour his great present sent to_ Cortez. pag. 34.

_The_ Tlaxcalteca's _pay no Tribute to the King of_ Spain, _as others doe, save onely one Corn of Maiz._ pag. 35.

_A description of the foure chief streets of_ Tlaxcallan, _with the standard of the Town._ pag. 35.

_Twenty thousand persons wont to meet in one Market place of_ Tlaxcallan, _to buy and sell._ pag. 35.

_Severe Justice executed upon a thief by the inhabitants of_ Tlaxcallan. pag. 36.

CHAP. XI.

_Concluding the rest of our Journey from_ Tlaxcallan _to_ Mexico, _through the City of_ Angels, _and_ Guacocingo. pag. 36.

Contents.

_The City of_ Angels _first builded by the Command of_ Antonio de Mendoza, _in the yeer_ 1530. pag. 37.

_It was first called by the_ Indians Cuetlaxcoapan, _that is to say, a snake in water._ Ibid.

_Many more particulars of the City of_ Angels _briefly related._ Ibid.

_The Town of_ Guacocingo, _why priviledged by the_ Spaniards. pag. 38.

Tezcuco, _the first Town in the_ West-India's, _that received a Christian King._ pag. 39.

_How the_ Vergantines, _(wherewith_ Cortez _besieged_ Mexico _by water) were brought by Land in pieces from_ Tlaxcallan _to_ Tezcuco; _and foure hundred thousand men, fifty dayes imployed in making a sluce or Trench for the finishing of them, and launching them forth to the Lake._ pag. 40.

Cortez _his Army divided into three parts in the plain of_ Tezcuco, _for the better besieging of_ Mexico. pag. 40. 41.

Cortez _made use of seven thousand beames of Cedar trees for the building of his house in_ Mexico. pag. 41.

CHAP. XII.

_Shewing some particulars of the great and famous City of_ Mexico _in former times; with a true description of it now. And of the State and Condition of it, in the yeare_ 1625. pag. 42.

Contents.

_Little substance or nourishment found in the fruits, and other food of_ Mexico. pag. 42. 43.

_Severall opinions concerning the difference of fresh and salt water in the Lake of_ Mexico, p. 43. 44.

Montezuma _his stately Palace in_ Mexico, _called_ Tepac, _with two more, the one with many ponds of salt and fresh water for severall sorts of fowles; the other for hawking fowles, and fowles of rapine._ p. 44. 45.

_Three thousand were the Attendants in_ Montezuma _his Court, fed with what came from his Table._ p. 46.

Mexico _called formerly_ Tenuchtitlan, _and why?_ ibid.

_What_ Mexico _properly signifieth, and from whence so called._ p. 47.

_The Names of the ten Emperours that were of_ Mexico, _and_ Montezuma _his death._ ibid.

Quahutimoc _Emperour of_ Mexico _taken Prisoner, and that great City conquered by_ Cortez _the_ 13. _of_ August, 1521. p. 49.

_Two hundred thousand little boats called Canoas, belonged to_ Mexico, _to bring provision into the City._ p. 50.

_A Description of the chiefe Market of_ Mexico, _wherein a hundred thousand persons did usually meet to buy and sell._ p. 50, 51.

_A Description of the great Church of_ Mexico, _before the entring of the_ Spaniards. p. 51, 52.

_The Papists have continued the fashion of their Churches, Altars, Cloisters, and many other their abuses from the Heathens._ p. 52, 53.

_The Gods of_ Mexico, _two thousand in number._ p. 53.

Mexico _after the Conquest, was built againe with a hundred thousand houses._ p. 54.

_Fifteen thousand Coaches are judged to be in the City of_ Mexico. p. 56.

_A Popingay presented to the King of_ Spain, _worth halfe a million of Duckates._ ibid.

_A Lampe in_ Mexico _worth foure hundred thousand Crownes._ ibid.

_The Attire of the female sex of_ Blackmores, Mulatta's, _and_ Mestiza's _in_ Mexico. p. 56, 57.

_The_ Spaniards _with their gifts to the Churches and Cloisters cover their lascivious lives, as is shewed by an example in_ Mexico. p. 57.

_About two thousand Coaches daily meet in the Alameda of_ Mexico. 59.

_Of a fruit in the_ India's, _called_ Nuchtli. p. 60.

_Of some other fruits, and especially of a tree called_ Metl. p. 60, 61.

_A memorable history of a great mutiny in_ Mexico, _caused by the too great power of an Archprelate, and the Covetousnesse of the Viceroy. With some observations gathered for the good of_ England _out of the said mutiny._ p. 62. & sequent.

CHAP. XIII.

_Shewing the severall parts of this new world of_ America; _and the places of Note about the famous City of_ Mexico. p. 68.

Contents.

_A Description of the fiery Mountain, called_ Popocatepec. p. 69.

_The riches belonging to the Viceroy his chappell at_ Chapultepec, _worth above a million of Crownes._ p. 70.

_A Description of a rich Desart, or wildernesse, three leagues from_ Mexico. ibid.

_The cruelty of_ Don Nunio de Guzman _in_ Mechoacan. p. 71. _The manner of burying the Kings of_ Mechoacan, _before it was conquered by the_ Spaniards. p. 71, 72.

_The_ Spaniards _themselves wonder that our_ English _Nation is not more Active in conquering more of the Continent of_ America _beyond_ Virginia. p. 73.

Nova Albion _in_ America, _named so by Sir_ Francis Drake. p. 74.

_How the Countrey of_ Jucatan _was first named._ ibid.

_In the year_ 1632. _the_ Indians _of_ Jucatan _mutinied against the_ Spaniards. ibid.

_The City of_ Valdivia _so named from a_ Spaniard _of that name too greedy and covetous of gold._ p. 76.

_The famous Attempt of_ John Oxenham _an_ English _man from the Coast of_ Nombre de Dios, _to the Island of Pearles in the South sea._ p. 77.

_The_ Spanish _Fleet of_ Nova Hispania, _taken by the_ Hollanders, _in the river of_ Matanzos. p. 80.

CHAP. XIV.

_Shewing my Journey from_ Mexico _to_ Chiapa, _Southward, and the most remarkable places in the way._ p. 81.

Contents.

_For what reasons I stayed in_ America, _and would not goe on to the_ Philippina _Islands in the_ East-India's. p. 82.

_A Proclamation from the Viceroy in the market place of_ Mexico, _against such as should conceale, harbour, and hide any Fryer bound for the_ Philippina _Islands_. p. 83.

_A double Wheat harvest every yeer in a Valley, called_ St. Pablo. p. 85.

_The Dominicans Cloister in_ Guaxaca, _very rich, and strong._ p. 86.

_The great River_ Alvarado, _though it run from_ St. John de Ulhua _far into the heart of the Countrey towards_ Guaxaca, _yet there is no Castle, Tower, or Ordnance upon it._ ibid.

_An Old Frier, Master of Divinity, spightfully and maliciously buried in a garden by the Friers of_ Guaxaca. ibid.

_Friers in the_ India's _may travail, and call for Turkeys, Capons, or what they please to eat, without any mony, upon the_ Indians _charges._ p. 87.

Tecoantepeque _a Sea Towne, upon_ Mar del Zur, _altogether unfortified._ ibid.

_The Author lodged in a Wildernesse, and affrighted with a sure apprehension of death by Wild beasts._ p. 88, 89.

_The Author, and his Companies dangerous passage over the mountaine of_ Maquilapa, _feeding three daies upon green sowre lemmons, and water._ p. 90. & sequ.

_Two mysterious games of Tables played between the Superiour of the Dominican Friers of_ Chiapa, _and the Author and his Company._ p. 94, 95.

_Our stately entertainment in a Towne called_ St. Philip, _neer_ Chiapa. p. 95, 96.

_Our imprisonment in the Cloister of_ Chiapa, _and three daies penance with bread and water._ p. 96.

_A Friers penance in_ Chiapa _for a Love letter to a Nun._ p. 97.

_The Author made Schoole-master in_ Chiapa. ibid.

CHAP. XV.

_Describing the Countrey of_ Chiapa, _with the chief Townes and Commodities belonging to it._ p. 98.

Contents.

_Some foolish questions moved to the Author by a great Don of_ Chiapa, _and his answer to them accordingly._ p. 99. & sequ.

_One thousand and six hundred Duckates got by a Bishop of_ Chiapa _in one moneth onely for Confirmation of little children in_ Indian _Townes._ p. 102.

_A Bishop of_ Chiapa _poisoned by women, with a cup of Chocolatte, for forbidding Chocolatte to be drunke in the Church._ p. 103.

_The Author his answer to a token sent to him by a gentlewoman of_ Chiapa. p. 104.

_The great Dexterity of the_ Indians _of_ Chiapa _in shewes, and publike feasts._ ibid.

_The River of_ Tabasco _very commodious for any Nation to enter up towards_ Chiapa. p. 105.

CHAP. XVI.

_Concerning two daily, and common Drinkes, or Potions much used in the_ India's, _called Chocolatte, and Atolle._ p. 106.

Contents.

_The Nature of the Cacao, and the tree it groweth upon, and the two sorts of it._ p. 106, 107.

_Cinnamon one of the best ingredients in the Chocolatte; and why?_ p. 108.

_Achiotte how it groweth; and for what it is good._ ibid.

_Severall waies to drinke the Chocolatte._ p. 109.

CHAP. XVII.

_Shewing my Journey from the City of_ Chiapa _unto_ Guatemala, _and the chief places in the way._ p. 111.

Contents.

_Six thousand Duckates sent by a Fryer to_ Spain _to buy a Bishopricke._ p. 112.

_A rich treasure and picture of_ Mary _in a poor and small Town of the_ Indians, _called_ Chiantla, _among the mountaines, named_ Cuchumatlanes. p. 113.

_The water of the river of a Towne, called_ Scapula, _causeth great swellings in the throat._ p. 114.

_The Authour his dangerous fall from the mountaine of_ Zojabah, _and his great deliverance attributed to a miracle by the_ Indians, _with the conceit the_ Indians _had of his sanctity and holinesse._ p. 115.

_The_ Indians _guide the Friers in the night, when they travail, with lights of Pine wood._ p. 116.

_The great Fair of_ Chimaltenango. p. 117.

_The Author abused, and suspected to be a spie, by an old frier in_ Chimaltenango. ibid.

_Stones of a fruit, or plumme, called_ Xocotte, _fit for fiering, and also good to fat hogs._ 117, 118.

CHAP. XVIII.

_Describing the Dominions, Government, Riches, and greatnesse of the City of_ Guatemala, _and Country belonging to it._ p. 118.

Contents.

Guatemala _an open City without any walls, forts, or Bulwarkes about it._ p. 118.

_The Author welcomed to_ Guatemala; _and first graced with a publick Act of Divinity; and after made Master of Arts in the same City._ p. 118, 119.

_The forme of the Letters Patents, as are used there, and sent to the Authour to read Arts in the University of_ Guatemala. ibid.

_The manner of presenting the Author to the Bishop for obtaining his Licence to preach publikely._ p. 120. 121.

_The forme of the Bishops Licence to preach and heare Confessions within his Bishopricke, in_ Spanish, _and_ English; _with some glosses upon it._ p. 121, 122.

Donna Maria de Castilia _swallowed up by a river which suddainly gushed out of a mountaine neer to_ Guatemala, _for blaspheming and defying God._ p. 124.

_The horrour of the Vulcan of fire neer_ Guatemala. ibid.

_Thirteen pound and a halfe of Biefe sold about_ Guatemala _for three pence._ p. 125.

_One man onely enjoying_ 40000 _head of Cattell, and one onely that bought_ 6000 _neer_ Guatemala. ibid.

_How_ Guatemala _and the Townes about are stored with provision of Biefe and Mutton; and by whom._ ibid.

_Foure exceeding rich Merchants in_ Guatemala, _besides many other of great, but inferiour wealth to them._ p. 126.

_The Covetousnesse of a President of_ Guatemala _shewed in Carding and gaming._ ibid.

_Thirty thousand Duckats yeerly, the rent of one Cloister in_ Guatemala; _besides the treasure in it, worth a hundred thousand Crownes._ p. 127.

_A thousand persons commonly living within one Cloister of Nuns in_ Guatemala. ibid.

_The Bishop of_ Guatemala _his Nun, very powerfull and rich._ p. 128.

_The strength of the Blackmore slaves about the Countrey of_ Guatemala. p. 129.

_All the power of_ Guatemala _is not able to reduce a few Blackmore slaves, who are fled to the mountains about_ Golfo Dulce. p. 130.

_Between the Towne of_ Acasabastlan _and_ Guatemala _are Mines of Copper, and iron, and probably a treasure of Gold._ p. 131.

_A rich Miser, worth six hundred thousand Duckates, living like a beast in the valley of_ Mixco. p. 132.

_A kind of wheat in the valley of_ Mixco, _called_ Tremesino, _which after three moneths sowne is harvested in._ p. 135.

_A Towne called_ St. Lucar, _where wheat threshed is laid up in Barnes, and keepeth two or three yeers with much increase._ ibid.

_A Towne of twelve thousand_ Indian _inhabitants not yet conquered, lying between_ Jucatan _and_ Vera Paz. p. 136.

CHAP. XIX.

_Shewing the Condition, quality, fashion, and behaviour of the_ Indians _of the Countrey of_ Guatemala, _since the Conquest; and especially of their feasts and solemnities._ p. 138.

Contents.

_The_ Indians _of the Countrey of_ Guatemala, _like the Israelites by_ Pharaoh, _much oppressed by the_ Spaniards, _because they multiply and increase._ p. 138.

_The_ West-India's _easier to be conquered now, then in the time that_ Cortez _conquered them._ p. 139.

_Some_ Indians _choose rather to die by pining away willingly, then to be subject to the_ Spaniards _oppression and cruelty._ ibid.

_How the_ Indians _are forced, and distributed out by a_ Spanish _officer to serve the_ Spaniards _weekly._ p. 140.

_The manner of the_ Indians _beds; as also their manner of cloathing._ p. 141, 142.

_They are divided into Tribes; with a chiefe head over every Tribe._ p. 142.

_How they agree upon contracting Marriage one with another._ ibid.

_The powdred bief of the_ Indians, _commonly called_ Tassajo. p. 143.

_The_ Indian _Venison, or flesh of wild Dear, how dressed and eaten._ ibid.

_A Hedgehog good meat in the_ India's. ibid.

_Of an_ Indian _drinke, called_ Chicha. p. 144.

_The_ Spaniards _use much to make the_ Indians _drunke; and then picke their pockets._ p. 144, 145.

_The Preists that live in the_ Indian _Townes are above the Justices, and Officers for peace, and whip, and give sentence and judgement in the Church against the best._ p. 146.

_The Service, and Attendants allowed to the Preist._ p. 147.

_How, and what tribute the_ Indians _pay yeerly._ p. 148.

_The Saints and Idols of the Romish Religion differ not from the heathenish Idols in the_ Indians _opinion._ p. 149.

_Saints held unprofitable by the Preists in the_ India's, _and fit to be cast out of the Churches, which bring not mony and gifts unto them at least once a yeare._ ibid.

_The Preists trade much in wax candles, and sell sometimes one candle five or six times._ p. 150.

_An old_ Indian _Womans judgement concerning the Sacrament of the Lords supper._ p. 150, 151.

_All soules day, Christmas, Candlemas day, and Whitsunday, daies of great lucre, and profit to the Preists._ p. 151, 152.

_The_ Indians _are forced to marry at thirteen and fourteen yeers of age; and why?_ p. 153.

_The ground of our Fairs in_ England. p. 154.

_Severall dances of the_ Indians. p. 154, 155.

CHAP. XX.

_Shewing how, and why I departed out of_ Guatemala, _to learne the_ Poconchi _language, and to live among the_ Indians; _and of some particular passages, and Accidents whilst I lived there._ p. 156.

Contents.

_The Author going with some few_ Spaniards, _and Christian_ Indians _into a Countrey of unknowne Heathens, fell dangerously sick; and was further in a skirmish with the Barbarians, and by that meanes also in danger of his life._ p. 157, 158.

Indians _growne up in age, forcedly driven to Baptisme, without any principles in Christianity, by the Preists and Friers that first entred into_ America. ibid.

Comayagua, _a woody, mountainous, and barren Countrey._ p. 159.

_In the_ India's _are Grammers and Dictionaries of the severall_ Indian _tongues._ p. 160.

_The Authour became perfect in the_ Poconchi _language in one quarter of a yeere._ ibid.

_The meanes, chiefly from the Church, which the Authour enjoyed yeerly in the Townes of_ Mixco _and_ Pinola. p. 161, 162.

_A Plague of Locusts in the_ India's _brought no small profit to the Authour._ p. 163, 164.

_The_ Spaniards _confidence in some blessed breads against the plague of Locusts._ ibid.

_An infectious disease amongst the_ Indians, _brought to the Author neer a hundred pounds in halfe a yeer._ ibid.

_The Authour struck downe as dead to the ground with a flash of lightning; and again in danger of his life by an Earthquake._ p. 165, 166.

_Of a small Vermin, lesse then a flea called_ Nigua, _common in the_ India's, _wherewith the Author was in danger of losing a leg._ ibid.

_The Authour like to be killed by a_ Spaniard, _for defending the poore_ Indians, p. 167.

_A notorious Witch in the Town of_ Pinola _affrighted the Authour._ p. 167. & sequ.

_The_ Indian _Wizards and Witches changed into shapes of beasts by the Devil, as appeareth by two examples._ p. 169 & sequ.

_Some Idolaters in the Towne of_ Mixco _discovered their preaching Idol found out by the Authour, and burnt publikely in the Church; and hee in great danger to bee killed by them._ p. 171. & sequ.

_The Authors conflict within himselfe about coming home to_ England _for conscience sake; and his resolution therein._ p. 180, 181.

_Neer upon_ 9000. _peeces of Eight got by the Authour, in twelve yeers that hee lived in the_ India's. p. 181.

CHAP. XXI.

_Shewing my Journey from the Towne of_ Petapa _into_ England; _and some chief passages in the way._ p. 182.

Contents.

_Relation of a place called_ Serro Redondo, _five leagues from_ Petapa. p. 182.

_A strange fire and smoake constantly comming out of the earth neer unto a Towne, called_ Aguachapa; _which by the_ Spaniards _is supposed to be a mouth of hell._ p. 183.

_The priviledge of a great river, called_ Lempa, _dividing the Countrey of_ St. Salvador, _and_ Nicaragua. p. 184.

_A Frier thinking to take up gold from the bottome of the fiery Vulcan of_ Leon _deceived._ p. 185.

_The City of_ Leon, _and Countrey about, called by the_ Spaniards, _Mahomets paradise._ ibid.

_About the beginning of_ February, _the City of_ Granada _in_ Nicaragua _is one of the richest places in the_ India's, _by reason of many rich commodities, and some of the King of_ Spain _his revenews carried thither, to be transported by the Frigats to_ Cartagena _or_ Havana. p. 185, 186.

_The dangerous passage from the Lake of_ Granada _by the river, commonly called_ El Desaguadero. p. 186.

_The Authour and his Company like to be surprized by a monstrous Cayman, or Crocodile._ p. 187.

_The Authour robbed at sea by a_ Holland _man of Warre, of the value of_ 7000. _Crownes._ p. 188, 189.

_A Frier for defending the poore_ Indians _of_ Nicoya _lost two fingers, which were cut off by the Alcalde Maior._ p. 192.

_The Author forced to drinke his owne urine, and lost, and like to perish in an unknowne Island, and afterwards upon a Rocke._ p. 193, 194.

_Some particulars of the City of_ Panama. p. 195.

_The river of_ Chiagre _very shallow in many places, without some great raine cause the water to fall into it from the mountaines._ ibid.

_Some particulars of_ Portobello, _during the time that the_ Spanish _Fleet stayeth there._ p. 196.

_The Papists Bread God, or Sacrament eaten and gnawne by a Mouse in_ Portobello; _with a Fast in bread and water for that contempt done unto their God._ p. 197, 198.

_The_ Spaniards _feare of the_ English _that then inhabited the Island called_ Providence. p. 199.

_Some_ English _Prisoners at_ Carthagena, _with one Captain_ Rouse, _who at_ Havana _challenged some_ Spaniards _into the field, who had abused him._ p. 199, 200.

_From the whole_ Spanish _Fleet, one gallantly taken away, worth fourescore thousand Duckats, by two_ Holland _or_ English _ships not well knowne, upon the Coast of_ Havana. p. 201.

_The manner of the Dominicans habit, with the meaning of it._ p. 203.

CHAP. XXII.

_Shewing how, and for what causes, after I had arrived in_ England, _I took yet another journey to_ Rome, _and other parts of_ Italy, _and returned again to settle my selfe in this my Countrey._ p. 205.

Contents.

Price _a Monke very familiar with_ William Laud _late Archbishop of_ Canterbury. p. 205.

_The Authors Brother in great favour at Court, and aspiring to a Bishopricke; or to be Parish Preist of_ Coven garden. ibid.

_The Authour apprehended by a Pursevant; and protected by Sir_ Francis Windebanke. p. 207.

_The Authour from the low Countries got letters of recommendation to some chiefe Cardinals in_ Rome. p. 207.

_The Author robbed by_ French _Pyrates going from_ Ligorne _to_ Rome. ibid.

_The Cardinal_ Don Francisco Barbarini _intituled the Protectour of_ England _and much acquainted with the affaires of_ England, _and especially with the actions and proceedings of_ William Laud _Archbishop of_ Canterbury. p. 208.

William Laud _his further Complyance with the Cardinals of_ Rome, _as testified by_ Fitzherbert _the Jesuite in a conference with the Authour._ ibid.

_A designe of making an_ English _Cardinall at_ Rome; _and who chiefly eyed for that purpose._ p. 209.

_A true Copy of the manner of sending the Author to live at_ Orleans _in_ France, p. 209, 210.

_The miracle printed by the Papists of the blushing and sweating of the Ladies picture of_ Loretto, _tried by the Authour, and found to bee a meer lie._ p. 210.

_At the calling of the Parliament now sitting, the_ Romish _crew in_ Italy _much perplexed._ p. 210, 211.

_The Authour taken again by a_ French _Fleet of ships, as he was coming home from_ Ligorne. p. 211.

_The Author twice assaulted in_ London _by Papists, and like to be killed for his profession of the truth, and service to the State._ p. 211, 212.

FINIS.