Chapter XLIV: Regard for the Lower Animals

Animals treated with deference for superstitious reasons, pp. 490-493.--Butchers regarded as unclean, p. 493.--Many peoples averse from killing their cattle from economic motives, p. 493 _sq._--Domestic animals treated kindly by savages out of sympathy, pp. 494-496.--Savages who are said to be lacking in sympathy for the brute creation, {xv} p. 496.--Moral valuation of men's conduct towards the lower animals among savages, p. 496 _sq._--In Brahmanism, p. 497.--In Buddhism, pp. 497, 498, 500.--In Jainism, p. 498 _sq._--In Taouism, p. 499.--In China, p. 499 _sq._--In Japan, p. 500.--In Zoroastrianism, p. 501 _sq._ --In Muhammedanism, p. 502 _sq._--In ancient Greece and Rome, pp. 503-505.--In Hebrewism, p. 505 _sq._--In Christianity, pp. 506-508.--The views of modern philosophers, p. 508.--Of legislators, p. 508 _sq._--Indifference to animal suffering a characteristic of public opinion in European countries up to quite modern times, p. 509 _sq._--Laws against cruelty to animals, p. 510.--Humane feelings towards animals in Europe, pp. 510-512.--The crusade against vivisection, pp. 512-514.--Explanation of the increasing sympathy with animal suffering in Europe, p. 512 _sq._--The influence of human thoughtlessness upon the treatment of the lower animals and upon the moral ideas relating to it, pp. 512-514.