Chapter D: Books and Pamphlets (except Serials) (3)

Clarke, N. S., command at Matamoros, =1.= 493;
brigade in Scott's army, =2.= 77;
at Churubusco, 112, 113;
at Molino del Rey, 144, 145, 402, 403;
at Chapultepec, 157, 409;
at San Cosme garita, 161, 162;
occupies Cuernavaca, 433.

Classes, Mexican.
_See_ Population.

Clausewitz, Karl von, on simplicity of war, =1.= 508.

Clay, C. M., captured, =1.= 370-1.
_See also_ Encarnación prisoners.

Clay, Henry [1], on cause of war, =1.= 189;
speech and resolution on war, =2.= 289;
war programme, 290;
results of policy, 314.

Clay, Henry [2], killed, =1.= 394.

Clayton, J. M., and war bill, =1.= 182;
defence of Taylor, 260;
and tariff of 1846, =2.= 257, 496;
position in Senate, 496.

Clergy.
_See_ Roman Catholic church.

Clifford, Nathan, and Scott's expedition, =1.= 540;
and tariff for Mexican ports, =2.= 261;
ratification commissioner, 249, 251, 474;
minister at Mexico, 475.

Climate of Mexico, =1.= 1.

Coahuila state, overrun,=2.= 418.

Coalition of Mexican states, and secession, =2.= 87, 234;
opposes peace, 131;
and opposition to Santa Anna, 134, 136;
and collapse of government, 428.

Cochelet, ----, French agent in Mexico, reports cited _passim_.

Collins, John, messenger to Wool, =1.= 313.

Colombia.
_See_ New Granada.

Colonies, mercantile system, =1.= 29.

Colquitt, W. T., position in Senate, =2.= 496.

Colton, Walter, as alcalde, =1.= 338.

_Columbus_, in Pacific squadron, =2.= 447.

Comanche Indians, raids, =1.= 479, 521.

Comandú, and American occupation, =2.= 448.

Commander in the field, selection (1846), =1.= 196-8, 200, 477;
for Vera Cruz expedition, 351-4, 538-9;
proposed lieutenant generalcy, =2.= 75;
Scott removed, 188, 437.

Commerce, American, influence on demand for war, =1.= 122, 443.
_See also_ Santa Fe trail; Tariff.

Commerce, Mexican, mercantile class, =1.= 5, 17;
roads, inland transportation, 16, 18;
protective tariff and prohibition, 17;
smuggling, 17;
American negotiations, 61, 419;
over Santa Fe trail, 72;
general restriction on American, 73, 424;
of California, 317, 521;
foreign, in occupied Mexican ports, =2.= 262, 303, 484, 505, 506.

Commissaries, Mexican, =1.= 157.

Concepción, Fort, at Vera Cruz, =2.= 19.

Congress, American, and advance to the Rio Grande, =1.= 151, 456-9,
=2.= 277;
war Message and war bill, =1.= 181-3, 470-3;
war preparations, 190;
and Oregon, 201;
the Ten Regiment Bill, =2.= 74-6;
and lieutenant generalcy, 75, 363, 365;
and two and three million funds, 123, 387;
and military government, 220;
and absorption of Mexico, 243-4;
tariff of 1846, warehouse system, sub-treasury, 257, 478-9;
treasury notes and loans, 258, 260, 264, 479, 485;
proposed impost on tea and coffee, 261, 285, 482;
proposed gradation of public lands, 261;
initial popularity of war, 268;
reaction, 269, 281;
Democratic dissensions, lack of leaders, 281-3, 496;
position of Whigs, leaders, 283, 496;
character of war-time speeches, 284;
attacks on war policy, 284-6;
Wilmot Proviso, 286-7, 498;
Whig no-territory plan, 287-8, 498;
Clay's speech and resolutions, 289;
demand for stoppage of supplies and recall of troops, 290-1, 500;
Whig control of House, programme, 290;
influence of success of war, 290;
continued baiting of Polk, 291, 500;
war-time character, 313-4;
act (1847) for volunteers, 431;
and Yucatan, 472;
other war-time financial legislation, 489.
_See also_ Senate.

Congress, Mexican, first under Itúrbide, =1.= 35-6;
first republican, 36-7;
first constitutional (1825), 37;
and reëlevation of Pedraza, 45;
and Farías' reforms, 46;
of Santa Anna's supporters (1835), 47;
Seven Laws (1835), 47;
and Santa Anna, 52-3;
character (1846), =2.= 5;
war-time Presidential elections, 5, 84, 236;
war measure against church property, 9-12, 14, 329;
new constitution (1847), 82;
in abeyance, 85;
and Trist mission, 130, 132;
supports peace party, 236;
ratifies treaty, 250-1, 474;
and British mediation, 368.

_Congress_, in Pacific squadron, =1.= 336, 337, 532, =2.= 189, 206,
447;
at Guaymas, 206, 447.

Connelly, Henry, and Kearny, =1.= 516.

Conner, David, and resumption of intercourse (1845), =1.= 94, 436;
peaceful instructions to (1845), 131;
and policy of bold military attitude, 152;
and return of Santa Anna, 202, 478, 486, 487;
attitude toward attack on Tampico, 277;
occupies it, 279-81, 511-2;
and the plan to attack Vera Cruz, 349-51, 536;
and attack on Taylor, 466, =2.= 197;
and crossing of Rio Grande, =1.= 469;
and Vera Cruz expedition, =2.= 18, 23, 332, 335, 336, 338;
superseded by Perry, 30, 201;
squadron, distribution, 189, 197, 442;
and blockade, 193;
difficulties of shore operations, 196;
character as officer, 196, 444;
attacks on Alvarado, 197-9, 442;
Tabasco River expedition, 199-200;
Yucatan operations, 201;
and plans to attack Ulúa, 201, 444.

Conner, P. E., at Buena Vista, =1.= 389, 556.

Conquered territory, policy of occupying territory, =1.= 262, 266-7,
508, =2.= 273, 492;
civil government in New Mexico and California, =1.= 337-8, =2.= 217,
218, 285, 453;
character of naval control, 208;
policy toward noncombatants, conciliation, 210-1, 449;
outrages by volunteers at Matamoros, 211, 450;
and at Monterey, 212-3, 450;
liquor and troubles, 212, 213, 224, 457;
regulations at Monterey, later security, 213, 450-1;
difficulty of convicting Mexican offenders, 213, 451;
rule in Saltillo, 213, 452;
police regulations, 213, 215, 229, 450, 452;
conditions in Tampico, 214, 452;
prosperity, 214-5, 219;
effect of occupation on Mexican desire for annexation, 215;
excesses in New Mexico, 216, 453;
Price's rule there, insurrection, 217;
successful rule in California, 217-20, 454;
use of local civil officers, 218, 229, 461;
Scott's orders for military government, 220, 455-7;
rule at Vera Cruz, 220-2, 457;
at Córdoba and Orizaba, 222;
affairs at Jalapa, 223-5, 458;
excesses elsewhere, 224, 225;
Mexican offences and exaggerations, 224;
rule at Puebla, 225, 459;
clemency toward Mexico City, 226, 459;
military discipline there, 226, 459-60;
life at capital during occupation, 226-8, 460;
Mexican courts, 229;
social relations, 230-1, 461-2;
general conclusions on conduct of occupation, 231-2;
tariff, 261-3, 484;
levies on Mexicans, 264-6, 485-8;
American opposition to occupation, 273, 492;
title by conquest, 285, 468, 497;
justice of conquest, 322, 514;
conditions at Chihuahua, 454.

Conspectus of events, =1.= xix-xxi.

Constitutions, Spanish liberal (1820), =1.= 32;
first Mexican (1824), 36-7, 412-3;
Seven Laws, 47;
Bases of Tacubaya, 51;
Organic Bases, 52;
revival of Organic Bases, 217;
renewal of constitution of 1824, 222, 488;
of 1847, =2.= 82.

Consuls in Mexico, cut off, =1.= 212, 484.

Contreras, battle of, field, =2.= 101;
Valencia's occupation of it, 102, 104;
American reconnaissance and advance, 103, 380;
Pillow's attack and Riley's flank movement, 104, 376, 378, 380;
support of Riley, 105, 107, 378-80;
Santa Anna's movements, 105, 110, 379, 380;
Valencia disobeys order to retire, 106;
map, 107;
American troops during night, 107;
American flank and rear attack, 108-10, 379, 380;
flight of Mexicans, 109;
losses, spoils, 110;
credit for victory, 376.

Convent at Churubusco, =2.= 111, 382;
attack and capture, 113-4, 117, 382, 383, 385;
map, 114.

Convoy.
_See_ Transportation.

Cooke, P. St. G., in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 290, 293;
in California, =2.= 218, 455.

Córdoba, Bankhead's expedition, aspect of route to, =2.= 184-5, 433;
under American rule, 222, 229;
Lane at, 427.

Corcoran, W. J., company raised by, =2.= 431.

Corpus Christi, Taylor's force at, =1.= 142, 452.

Corral Falso, as defensive point, =2.= 39, 41, 42.

Corruption, Mexican, in army, =1.= 9;
in civil service, 12;
extent and effect, 13, 57, 416-7;
question in peace negotiations, =2.= 123, 132, 390-1;
and war-time trade, 263;
and Mexican attitude on the war, 312.

Corwin, Thomas, on Scott, =1.= 197;
opposition to war, =2.= 126;
and treaty of peace, 247;
effect of "hospitable graves" speech, 278, 494;
demands recall of troops, 290.

Cos, M. P. de, at Tuxpán, =2.= 202, 445.

_Cossack_, claim, =1.= 426.

Cost of the war to United States, =2.= 266-7, 488.

Council Grove, trade rendezvous, =1.= 288.

Courtesy, Mexican, =1.= 26.

Couto, J. B., peace commissioner, =2.= 135, 239;
and Peña, 180;
on Trist, 323.

Cox, I. J., acknowledgment to, =1.= 450.

Cox, Nathaniel, claim, =1.= 426.

Coyoacán, force at, =2.= 101;
and battle of Churubusco, 112, 382-3.

Crampton, J. F. T., British chargé at Washington, and levy on
Mexicans, =2.= 486;
on slavery and cessation of war, 500;
on Whig war policy, 500.

Crawford, J. T., British consul at Tampico, reports cited _passim_.

Credit, lack of Mexican public, =2.= 7, 253;
American foreign, 256.
_See also_ Finances.

_Creole_, burned, =2=. 444.

Creoles, characteristics, =1.= 3, 407;
and Spanish-born, 29;
and independence, 30-1.

_Crepúsculo_, on Santa Anna as dictator, =1.= 47;
on Santa Anna and Zacatecas, 550.

Crime and criminal law, Mexican, =1.= 13, 21.

Crittenden, J. J., and war bill, =1.= 183, 187, 473, =2.= 277;
defence of Taylor, =1.= 260;
and Taylor's candidacy, 368;
and tariff of 1846, =2.= 257, 496;
and plan to stop war, 290;
position in Senate, 496;
on American attitude toward Mexico, 508.

Cross, Trueman, killed, =1.= 160, 463;
on Taylor and transportation, 490.

Cuba, Mexico and, =1.= 417;
and Mexican privateering, =2.= 192, 193.

Cuernavaca, and Santa Anna's dictatorship, =1.= 46;
occupied, =2.= 184, 433.

Cuevas, L. G., on chances of expected war, =1.= 111;
and annexation of Texas, 434;
on resumption of intercourse, 435;
and Peña, =2.= 180;
peace commissioner, 239, 466;
on Trist, 323.

_Cumberland_, in Home Squadron, =2.= 197, 442;
damaged, 449.

Cumplido, I., Presidential candidacy, =2.= 236.

Curtis, S. R., and forays on Taylor's rear, =1.= 562.

Cushing, Caleb, sent to Scott, =2.= 184, 418;
brigade in Taylor's force, 417;
leaves Mexico, 438.

Customs, Mexican internal, =1.= 16, =2.= 253.
_See also_ Tariff.

Cuylti, Gavino, and Doniphan's advance, =1.= 301.

_Cyane_, at Monterey, =1.= 423;
in Pacific squadron, =2.= 189, 205, 206, 446, 447;
at La Paz and San José, 449.

Cyprey, Baron Alleye de, French minister at Mexico, on British
recognition of Texas, =1.= 432.

Dakin, J. H., recruiting advertisement, =1.= 445.

_Dale_, in Pacific squadron, =2.= 189, 206, 447;
at Guaymas, 447.

Dallas, G. M., and Buchanan faction, =2.= 282;
on Polk, 510.

Dana, R. H., and public interest in California, =1.= 323.

Davidson, G. R., captured, =1.= 370-1.
_See also_ Encarnación prisoners.

Davis, C. W., and outrages, =1.= 425.

Davis, G. T. M., on errors at Churubusco, =2=. 383;
on Belén operations, 412.

Davis, Jefferson, at Monterey, =1.= 249, 252, 500;
in negotiations, 502, 504, 505;
at Buena Vista, 555;
and peace negotiations, =2.= 464;
on glory of the war, 324.

Davis, John, and two million bill, =2.= 123.

Deas, Edward, battery in Taylor's later force, =2.= 418.

Deaths, in American army, =2.= 318, 511, 512.

_Decatur_, in attack on Tuxpán, =2.= 444;
in Home Squadron, 446.

Declaration of war.
_See_ Outbreak.

Defensive-line policy, Taylor's plan, =1.= 282-3, 461, 513, 514;
popularity, 347;
persistence, =2.= 183, 430.

Deffaudis, Baron. French minister at Mexico, reports cited _passim_.

Delano, Columbus, and war bill, =1.= 472;
inconsistent war criticism, =2.= 277.

Delaware Indians, in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 288.

Delaware troops, =2.= 431.

Democracy, radical party in Mexico (1846), =2.= 2-4.
_See also_ Federalism; Puros.

Democratic party, and war, =1.= 184, 471;
early reaction, =2.= 269, 281;
and Polk, dissensions, 269-73, 281, 283;
leaders in Congress, 282, 496;
dissensions and Wilmot Proviso, 286;
dissensions protract war, 288.
_See also_ Congress; Polk.

_Democratic Review_, and absorption of Mexico, =2.= 243.

De Russey, L. G., wrecked, march to Tampico, =1.= 547;
attempt to rescue prisoners of war, =2.= 418.

Descriptions.
_See_ Physical aspect.

Desertion, in Taylor army at Rio Grande, =1.= 160, 463;
tendency after Monterey, 262;
amount, =2.= 318, 319;
fate of deserters captured at Churubusco, 385;
deserters and peace, 474.
_See also_ Irish; Propaganda.

Diablo, El, earthwork at Monterey, =1.= 249;
attack on, 253-4, 500;
evacuated, 255.

_Diario_, desires war, =1.= 105, 115;
on help from abroad, 112;
on the army, 408;
on United States and Texas, 423;
on start of final campaign, =2.= 92;
on Scott's predicament, 103;
on peace negotiations, 123, 130.

Diaz de la Vega, R.
_See_ La Vega.

Dickens, Charles, jibes at Americans, =2.= 294.

Dickinson, D. S., and expansion, =1.= 188;
and absorption of Mexico, =2.= 243;
position in Senate, 496.

Dictatorship, under first Mexican constitution, =1.= 37;
Victoria's, 39;
Guerrero's, 42;
Santa Anna's, 46, 51-3, 415;
his virtual, during the war, =2.= 81, 85;
invitation to Scott, 323.

Dimond, F. M., American consul at Vera Cruz, and restoration of
intercourse, =1.= 89;
report on Santa Anna's attitude, 201;
and war programme, 350;
on Mexico and American-British relations, 442;
and spy for Scott, =2.= 332.

Diplomatic intercourse, American-Mexican, Mexican characteristics,
=1.= 58, 416;
treatment of Poinsett, 58-9, 417;
Louisiana Purchase boundary, 59-61, 418;
treaty of amity and commerce, 61, 419;
recall of Poinsett demanded, 62;
Butler as minister, 62, 419, 420;
Ellis as chargé, 63;
Sabine River boundary and Gaines's expedition, 63-6, 420-2;
departure of Gorostiza, 66, 77;
and recognition of Texas, 66, 422, 423;
Bocanegra's threat, 68;
Gorostiza's pamphlet, disavowal, 77-9;
rupture (1845), 87;
efforts to restore, 88-91, 133, 434, 447;
preparation to reopen, 91;
British efforts for renewal, 91, 435;
Mexico agrees to resume, claims question in agreement, 92-4, 97,
435-6;
need of haste, 94;
instructions to Slidell, 95, 127, 436;
rejection of Slidell, 96-8, 100-1, 120, 127, 133, 135, 145, 437-9,
447, 453;
policy of bold military attitude to encourage resumption, 152;
negotiations with Santa Anna (1846), 201-3, 471;
difficulties of contrasted national characteristics, =2.= 310, 508.
_See also_ Claims; Foreign relations; Peace.

Direct tax. American attitude toward, =2.= 258, 480.

Discipline.
_See_ Conquered territory; Morale.

Disraeli, Benjamin, on Mexico, =2.= 296;
and the war, 299;
and interposition, 302.

District of Columbia troops, call and response (1847), =2.= 364, 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
at Jalapa, 433.
_See also_ Washington and Baltimore battalion.

Dodd, W. E., on Calhoun's rivals and war, =1.= 444.

Domínguez, Manuel, as Scott's spy, =2.= 362.

_Don Simplicio_, on Santa Anna's efforts at San Luis Potosí, =1.= 376,
377, 379;
on revolt of 1846, =2.= 1;
on political situation (1847), 16.

Donaldson, J. L., at Saltillo, =1.= 559.

Donelson, A. J., on Texas and European aid, =1.= 82;
peaceful instructions to (1845), 131;
on Mexico and slavery, 188;
and war, 445.

Doniphan, A. W., regiment in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 288;
reduces Indians, 298;
force for Chihuahua march, 98, 303, 519;
character and appearance, 299;
character of force, 299, 303;
caravan with, 298, 303, 519, 520;
crossing of Jornada del Muerto, 299, 518;
Clark's reinforcement, 299, 303;
preparations against at El Paso, 300-1, 518;
affair of Brazito, 301-2, 518;
at El Paso, 302-3;
advance to Sacramento River, 303-4, 519;
preparations against at Chihuahua, 304-6, 519;
map of march, 305;
battle of Sacramento, 306-13, 520;
at Chihuahua, 313, 520;
negotiations, 313;
march to Saltillo, 313, 521, 547, 548;
return to Missouri, reception, results of march, 314;
on and during the battle, 520;
later career, 521.

Dorsey, G., on Spanish American fear of aggression, =1.= 111.

Dosamantes, Señorita, as volunteer, =1.= 230, 494.

Dosamantes, J., captured at Chapultepec, =2.= 411.

Douglas, S. A., on cause of war, =1.= 189;
on policy of occupying territory, =2.= 492;
position in House, 496.

Doyle, P. W., British chargé at Mexico, on British recognition of
Texas, =1.= 432;
on conduct of American soldiers, =2.= 226, 231, 460;
and renewal of peace negotiations, 238-40, 465;
and armistice, 242, 470;
on relaxed discipline after Scott's departure, 438.

Dragoons, force (1845), =1.= 139, 450;
at Churubusco, =2.= 110, 119, 385;
during armistice, 134;
at Molino del Rey, 144, 146, 403;
at Chapultepec, 161, 408, 410;
in Mexico City, 164;
with Scott, 356;
garrison at Jalapa and Perote, 361;
in California, 475.
_See also_ regiments by number.

Dress, Mexican, =1.= 18-9, 24;
Californian, 316.

Drink.
_See_ Liquor.

Dromgoole, G. C., position in House, =2.= 496.

Drum, S. H., company at Molino del Rey, =2.= 143, 145, 403;
at Chapultepec, 152, 156;
at Belén garita, 159, 160;
killed, 160;
light artillery, 366.

Ducoing, Theodore, claim, =1.= 427.

Duflot de Mofras, Eugène, on cause of war, =1.= 189;
and California, 324, 523.

Duncan, James, battery in Texas, =1.= 146;
at Palo Alto, 168, 169, 465;
at Monterey, 241, 243, 248, 258, 492, 496;
advance to Saltillo, 264;
field battery, 450;
at Resaca de la Palma, 467;
in advance of Perote, =2.= 61;
Amozoc affair, 70;
in Scott's army, 77;
at Churubusco, 115, 117;
at Molino del Rey, 143-6;
at Chapultepec, 161;
and uprising in the city, 167;
and cabal against Scott, 178, 435;
Scott's charges against, 188, 436;
Polk rescues, 188;
reconnaissance of Mexicaltzingo route, 372, 373;
and Quitman's advance to Belén garita, 414.

Du Petit Thouars, A. A., and California, =1.= 523.

Du Pont, S. F., cruise off western coast of Mexico, =2.= 205;
at La Paz and San José, 449.

Durán, José, and surrender of Ulúa, =2.= 340, 342.

Durango state, and Santa Anna, =1.= 376;
and secession coalition, =2.= 86.

Echagaray, Domingo, at San Juan Bautista, =2.= 446.

Echeagaray, Lt. Col., at Molino del Rey, =2.= 145;
at San Cosme garita, 413.

Echols, R. M., regiment in Taylor's force, =2.= 417.

Eckford, Henry, claim, =1.= 426.

Edson, Alvin, at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 335.

Education, under Spanish rule, =1.= 13;
common, after independence, 14, 409;
higher, 14.

Eighth Cavalry, Mexican, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

Eighth Infantry, in Texas, =1.= 143;
at Palo Alto, 164, 168, 466;
at Resaca de la Palma, 174;
at Monterey, 246, 492, 496, 501;
advance to Saltillo, 264;
in Scott's army, =2.= 77;
at Churubusco, 112, 115, 116, 384;
at Chapultepec, 157;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
at Molino del Rey, 402.

Eighth Line Infantry, Mexican, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

El Carmen Island.
_See_ Carmen.

El Paso, aspect and people, =1.= 300, 302;
force against Doniphan Brazito affair, 300-2, 518;
Doniphan occupies, 302-3.

El Telégrafo.
_See_ Telégrafo.

Elections.
_See_ President.

Eleventh Infantry, in Scott's army, =2.= 77, 363, 422, 432;
at Chapultepec, 154, 410;
at Churubusco, 385;
at Molino del Rey, 402.

Eleventh Line Infantry, Mexican, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 52, 347;
at San Cosme garita, 162;
and Vera Cruz, 334.

Elkins, Samuel, claim, =1.= 426.

Elliot, Charles, British minister in Texas, on chances of expected
war, =1.= 105, 107;
on Texas as theatre of war, 107;
on policy of expansion, 123.

Ellis, Powhatan, American representative at Mexico, =1.= 63;
and claims, 76-7;
and California, 324;
on Tornel, 484.

Ellis, T. H., American chargé at Mexico, reports cited _passim_.

Empire of Itúrbide, =1.= 35.

Encarnación, Santa Anna's army at, =1.= 381;
map of district, 382.
_See also_ next title.

Encarnación prisoners, capture, =1.= 370-1;
sent south, 562;
at Huejutla, attempt to release, =2.= 418.

Engineers, military, Mexican, =1.= 156, 461, =2.= 312;
American corps, =1.= 451;
in the war, =2.= 320, 513;
under Scott, 349, 356, 366.

England.
_See_ Great Britain.

_Erie_, in Pacific squadron, =2.= 189, 447.

Escudero, J. A. de, and Farías, =2.= 5, 9.

_Espectador_, on the war, =1.= 442.

_Esperanza_, on Americans, =1.= 484.

Esteva, J. W., on Mexican character, =1.= 410.

Estrada, Gutiérrez de.
_See_ Gutiérrez de Estrada.

Europe, expected to aid Mexico, =1.= 112-5, 442.
_See also_ Foreign relations; Interposition; nations by name,
especially France; Great Britain; Spain.

Eutaw Indians, subdued, =1.= 298.

Evacuation of Mexican territory, =2.= 251-2, 475-6.

Evans, George, and war bill, =1=. 183.

Eventualists, and secession and peace, =2.= 234, 239, 465.
_See also_ Puros.

Execution of American citizens, =1.= 70.

Expansion, spirit and attitude toward Mexico, =1.= 123, 444;
London _Times_ on, =2.= 294;
justice, 322-3.
_See also_ Annexations.

Expulsion of American citizens, =1.= 71, 73, 423, 424.

Fairfield, John, on Scott, =1.= 197;
on speeches in Congress, =2.= 284.

_Falcon_, at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 338;
in Home Squadron, 445, 446.

_Falmouth_, scurvy, =2.= 195;
in Home Squadron, 197, 442.

Farías, Valentín Gómez, Vice President, character, =1.= 45;
as acting President, attempted reforms, 45;
flees, 47;
as Federalist leader, 48;
and the war, 201;
combination with Santa Anna, 216;
imprisoned, 216;
and revolt for Santa Anna (1846), 217, 221-3;
and Salas and Santa Anna, =2.= 1, 327;
as leader of radicals (Puros), 2;
shelved, 4;
election as Vice President and actual Executive (1846), 5;
war policy, 6;
financial problem and church property, 6, 9-14;
and Beach, 12;
superseded by Santa Anna, 14;
office abolished, unpopularity, 15, 332;
hostility to Santa Anna, 82;
and Olaguíbel, 86;
opposes peace negotiations (1847), 136.

Farragut, D. G., and Ulúa, =2.= 201.

_Federal Union_, and war, =1.= 473.

Federalism and Federalists, in first Mexican constitution, =1.= 36-7;
oligarchical plots and revolt against, 37-8;
party resentment, 38-9;
overthrow, 47;
pre-war factions, 48;
Bustamante's attempt to restore, 51;
and Herrera's rule, 55-6;
party and Poinsett, 59;
restoration (1846), 217, 222, 488;
war-time factions, =2.= 2-5;
in election of 1846, 5;
split on demands on church property, 11;
and Santa Anna as Executive, 15;
states defy Santa Anna, plan for new republic, 86-7, 234, 369;
state discussion on peace, 236, 464;
antagonistic state groups, 510.
_See also_ Constitutions; Government; Moderados; Puros.

Federation Ridge at Monterey, =1.= 239, 497;
capture, 244, 498.

Fernández del Castillo, Pedro.
_See_ Castillo.

Ferry, Gabriel, on battle of Monterey, =1.= 503;
and interposition, =2.= 304;
on American army, 321.

Fifteenth Infantry, in Scott's army, =2.= 78, 363, 422, 432;
at Contreras, 105;
at Chapultepec, 154, 155, 157;
garrisons it, 159;
at Churubusco, 384;
advance after armistice, 400.

Fifth Cavalry, Mexican, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 347.

Fifth Infantry, in Texas, =1.= 143;
at Palo Alto, 164, 167;
at Resaca de la Palma, 174;
at Monterey, 245, 247, 259, 492, 496;
advance to Saltillo, 264;
in Scott's army, =2.= 77, 422;
at Churubusco, 112, 115, 116, 384;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
at Molino del Rey, 402, 403.

Fifth Line Infantry, Mexican, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 347.

Filisola, Vicente, and Doniphan's expedition, =1.= 521;
and plans against Taylor, =2.= 165, 419;
and later command, 182, 430.

Finances, American, naval appropriations, =1.= 190, =2.= 189;
unfavorable pre-war conditions, 255, 306;
problem of war loans, lack of credit abroad, 256, 478;
need of more income, 258, 260, 481;
tariff of 1846, warehouse system, and sub-treasury, 257, 478-9;
treasury notes, 258, 479, 480;
first loan, 259, 479, 481;
second loan, 260, 481;
proposed impost on tea and coffee, 261, 285, 482;
and gradation of public lands, 261;
tariff for Mexican ports, 261-3, 303, 484, 500, 505;
effect of prosperity due to European conditions, 263, 484;
third loan, 264, 485;
levies on Mexicans, 264-6, 485-8;
funds and expenditures in Mexico, 266, 488;
cost of the war, 266-7, 488;
political effects of Polk's policy, 273, 281;
money market during the war, 489;
other war-time Acts, 489.

Finances, Mexican, Itúrbide's troubles, =1.= 34-5;
and expulsion of Gachupines, 39;
early republican difficulties, 39;
crisis (1837), 48;
under Santa Anna's dictatorship, 52;
Herrera's predicament, 55;
war preparations, 213-4, 223, 488;
Santa Anna's preparations at San Luis Potosí, 377;
forced loans, 410, 431, =2.= 254, 477;
general war-time character, 6, 327;
problems, 7;
demands on Church, law of Jan. 11, opposition, 8-11, 329;
Beach's intrigue and clerical revolt, 11-4, 330-2;
Santa Anna and Church property, 15, 329;
effect of war on normal income, 253;
taxation projects, 253;
state donations, 254;
clerical donations, 254, 477;
loans, 254, 477;
seizures and requisitions, 255;
state of treasury (1846), 328.

First Artillery, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 52, 54, 352;
in Scott's army, 77;
at Churubusco, 114, 382;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
garrison at Jalapa, 361;
at Belén garita, 413;
in Taylor's later force, 417.

First Cavalry, Mexican, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

First Dragoons, in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 286, 288, 515;
leave for California, 297;
in Wool's march, 509;
at Buena Vista, 554, 555;
in Scott's army, =2.= 77;
at Churubusco, 119;
in California, 219;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
in Taylor's later force, 417.

First Infantry, at Burrita, =1.= 177;
at Monterey, 250, 252, 492, 496;
in Smith's brigade, 541;
garrisons Vera Cruz, =2.= 37;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343.

First Ligero, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 347.

First Line Infantry, Mexican, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

Fischer, Waldemar, company in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 288, 515.

Flagg, A. C., and Polk's Cabinet, =2.= 269, 271.

_Flirt_, in Home Squadron, =2.= 197, 442.

Flores, J. M., rising in California, =1.= 339, 533;
as provisional governor, 340;
and battle of San Pascual, 342;
and American advance on Los Angeles, 343-4, 535;
retires to Sonora, 345;
and Larkin, 536.

Florida troops, calls, =1.= 537, =2.= 364;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
at Puebla, 433.

Food and drink, Mexican, =1.= 2, 20-1.

Forbes, Alexander, British consul at Tepic, effect of his book on
California, =1.= 323.

Forbes, J. A., British vice consul in California, on California and
independence, =1.= 321;
on expected American annexation, 325;
and British control, 328, 329, 332.

Forced loans in Mexico, =1.= 410, =2.= 254, 477;
to pay claims, =1.= 431.

Ford, Lemuel, at siege of Puebla, =2.= 424;
in Lane's guerilla operations, 426.

Foreign relations, American, European attitude toward United States,
=2.= 294-6, 502;
and toward Mexico, 296, 502;
Buchanan's circular on origin and purpose of war, 297;
Spanish America and the war, 298;
attitude of Spain, 298;
of Prussia, 298;
England and outbreak of war, 299-300;
France and outbreak, 300, 503;
British offer of mediation, 301, 503-4;
question of British interposition, 301-4, 504-6;
and British-French relations, 304, 506;
France and interposition, 304;
effect of victories, 305;
foreign help of Mexico, 306;
criticism of war operations, 306-8, 507;
and treaty of peace, 308-9;
influence of war on, 323.
_See also_ Diplomatic intercourse; Preparation; nations by name,
especially France; Great Britain; Spain.

Foreigners.
_See_ Aliens.

Forsyth, John, and Gaines's expedition, =1.= 64, 66, 422;
and claims commission, 80, 429.

_Forward_, in attack on Alvarado, =2.= 199;
in Tabasco expedition, 200.

Foster, J. G., at Molino del Rey, wounded, =2.= 142, 144, 403;
at Cerro Gordo, 349;
engineer with Scott, 366.

Fourteenth Infantry, in Scott's army, =2.= 77, 363, 432;
at Chapultepec, 154;
at Churubusco, 385;
at Molino del Rey, 402.

Fourth Artillery, at Buena Vista, =1.= 555;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 53;
in Scott's army, 77;
at Molino del Rey, 143;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
left at Contreras, 382;
in Taylor's later force, 417, 418.

Fourth Infantry, at Fort Jesup, =1.= 140;
goes to Texas, 141-2, 452;
at Palo Alto 164, 167, 168;
at Monterey, 252, 256, 492, 496, 500-2, 506;
in Scott's army, =2.= 77, 422;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
at San Cosme garita, 414.

Fourth Ligero, at Monterey, =1.= 494;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 347.

Fourth Line Infantry, Mexican, at Palo Alto, =1.= 165, 168;
at Resaca de la Palma, 171, 174, 175;
at Monterey, 494;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 52, 53, 347.

_Fourth of July_, claim, =1.= 424.

France, attack on Mexico, =1.= 49, 74;
and Texas, 55, 67, 90, 432;
and expected war, 112;
and annexation of Texas, 113, =2.= 295, 501, 502;
and support of Mexico, interposition, =1.= 112-5, =2.= 304;
supposed manipulation of Mexico, =1.= 121;
and California, 324, 326, 327, 523, =2.= 505;
and Mexican privateering, 193;
and American tariff for Mexican ports, 262, 484;
attitude toward United States, 295;
attitude toward Mexico, 296-7;
and outbreak of war, 300, 503;
attitude and British relations, 304, 506;
and American victories, 305.

Franklin, W. B., reconnaissance in Wool's march, =1.= 271.

Freaner, J. L., and recall of Trist, =2.= 465;
takes treaty to Washington, 467.

Frederick William of Prussia, and the war, =2.= 299.

Frémont, J. C., expedition canceled (1845), =1.= 131, 447;
and Castro, retirement, 331, 528;
Gillespie and return, Bear Flag war, 331-3, 528-9, 531;
and Sloat, 335, 531;
joins Stockton, force and appearance, 336;
influences address, 336;
in first southern campaign, 336, 337;
command in north, 338;
and second southern campaign, 342, 345, 535-6;
treaty with insurgents, 345-6, =2.= 218;
as governor, 217;
and Kearny, 454.

French, S. G., on Taylor as fighter, =1.= 238.

French in Mexico, merchants, =1.= 5.

French revolution, influence in Mexico, =1.= 30.

Frontera, blockade, =2.= 194;
importance, 443.

Fugitive slaves, rendition in American-Mexican negotiations, =1.= 419.

Furber, G. C., work as source, =1.= 404.

Furlong, C., and Americans at Puebla, =2.= 225.

Gachupines, characteristics, =1.= 3;
expulsion, 39, 42, 413.
_See also_ Oligarchy.

Gahagan, Dennis, claim, =1.= 427.

Gaines, E. P., Nacogdoches expedition, =1.= 64-6, 420-2;
requisition for six-months men, 196, 205, 452, 476, =2.= 272, 511;
and Scott, =1.= 197;
Taylor's letter, 347, 507;
and command of Vera Cruz expedition, 353;
relieved, court of inquiry, 476.

Gaines, J. P., carelessness and capture, =1.= 370-1;
at Saltillo, 541;
of Scott's staff, =2.= 366.
_See also_ Encarnación prisoners.

Gallatin, Albert, on annexation of Texas, =1.= 83;
pessimism on peace prospects, =2.= 235;
on treasury notes, 258;
and the war, 314.

Gambling, American, =1.= 144, 207, =2.= 214;
at Mexico City, =2.= 460.

Gamboa, Ramón, and Santa Anna, =2.= 134;
on evacuation of Mexico City, 415, 416.

Gaona, General, in preparations below Perote, =2.= 40;
abandons Perote, 61.

Garay, F. de, and De Russey's expedition, =2.= 418.

Garay, J. G. Perdigón.
_See_ Perdigón Garay.

García, General, at Matamoros, character, =1.= 158, 462.

García Conde, Pedro, and battle of Sacramento, =1.= 306, 309, 312,
519, 520.

Gardner, J. L., command at Point Isabel, =1.= 493.

Garland, John, at Palo Alto, =1.= 164;
at Monterey, 250, 251, 253, 492, 496, 499, 500;
brigade in advance of Perote, =2.= 61;
in Scott's army, 77;
before San Antonio, Mex., 102;
at Churubusco, 113, 116;
at Molino del Rey, 143, 145;
at Chapultepec, 161;
at San Cosme garita, 162;
wounded in uprising, 167;
and Contreras, 381.

Garro, Máximo, Mexican chargé at Paris, reports cited _passim_.

Gates, William, at Tampico, =1.= 281, 282, 486, 512, 546, =2.= 484;
discipline, 215;
and prisoners at Huejutla, 418.

Gateways of Mexico City, =2.= 147.
_See also_ Belén; San Cosme.

Georgia troops, in Victoria march, =1.= 357;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 343;
in Alvarado expedition, 344;
leave Scott, 356;
calls (1847), 364, 365, 430;
for Scott, 423;
cavalry at Huamantla, 426.

"Germanicus," on volunteers, =1.= 474.

Germans in Mexico, merchants, =1.= 5;
mining companies, 15.

_Germantown_, in attack on Tuxpán, =2.= 444;
in Home Squadron, 445, 446.

Germany. =See= Prussia.

Gerolt, Baron, Prussian minister at Washington, and the war, =2.= 503.

Gibson, George, commissary general of subsistence, =1.= 475;
and Graham, 500.

Giddings, J. R., and secession, =2.= 272;
position in House, 496.

Giffard, F. L., British consul at Matamoros, on conduct of volunteers,
=2.= 211.

Giffard, T., British consul at Vera Cruz, on Vera Cruz expedition,
=2.= 22, 32, 33, 337, 341;
on American rule, 221;
on Scott and Jalapa, 362.

Gillespie, A. H., mission to California, =1.= 326, 329, 526, 530;
and return of Frémont, 331, 332, 528;
and Bear Flag war, 332, 529;
in southern campaign, 336;
rule at Los Angeles, 338;
rising against, surrender, 339, 533-4;
joins Kearny, 341;
in battle of San Pascual, 342;
in expedition to Los Angeles, 342.

Gillespie, R. A., at Monterey, =1.= 245;
march to Mier, 483.

Glass, J. W., British consul at Tampico, reports cited _passim_.

Glasson, J. J., at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 338.

Goliad massacre, American indignation, =1.= 117.

Gómez, Gregorio, _Jefferson_ and _Natchez_ incidents, =1.= 424-5;
in preparations below Perote, =2.= 40;
flight from La Hoya, 58.

Gómez Farías.
_See_ Farías.

Gómez Pedraza.
_See_ Pedraza.

González, ----, and Armijo, =1.= 293.

Gore, J. H., at San Cosme garita, =2.= 414.

Gorman, W. A., at Buena Vista, =1.= 386, 556;
at Huamantla, =2.= 426.

Gorostiza, M. E. de, as minister at Washington, =1.= 64;
and Gaines's expedition, 65-6, 420-2;
pamphlet, Mexican disavowal, 77-9;
and Texas, 432;
and Santa Anna, =2.= 92.

Government, Mexican, results of colonial system, =1.= 29-30;
causes of failure, 56-7, 416-7, 438, =2.= 310, 312;
difficulties in tracing political development, =1.= 411;
extempore, after loss of capital, =2.= 179-81, 427, 428;
results to, of the war, 514.
_See also_ Centralists; Congress, Mexican; Conquered territory;
Constitutions; Dictatorship; Federalism; Independence; Local
government; Monarchy; Oligarchy; President of Mexico;
Revolutions; Roman Catholic church.

Graham, G. M., and Garland at Monterey, =1.= 500;
messenger to Mexico, =2.= 473.

Graham, James, and Oregon, =1.= 200.

Grande, Rio.
_See_ Rio Grande.

Grant, U. S., at Monterey, =1.= 252, 256, 501;
on Worth, 498;
on magnifying of Taylor's victories, 549;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 49;
at San Cosme garita, 162, 414;
on departure from Mexico, 252;
on Cerro Gordo, 354;
on Churubusco, 383;
on battles before Mexico City, 408;
on Mexican soldiers, 509.

Gray, A. F. V., at San Pascual, =1.= 535.

Grayson, J. B., Scott's chief of subsistence, =2.= 366.

Great Britain, British loans to Mexico, =1.= 37;
and Texas, 55, 67, 86, 90, 419, 432, 449, =2.= 295, 303, 502, 506;
commercial treaty with Mexico, =1.= 61;
and California, 69, 319, 323-6, 328, 334, 336, 524, 527, 531, =2.=
302, 308, 505;
Mexican relations and claims, =1.= 74, 135, 425, =2.= 296-7, 502;
and restoration of American-Mexican intercourse, =1.= 91, 435;
Oregon controversy, 90, 94, 114-5, 200, 478, =2.= 295, 299, 504;
question of interposition, =1.= 112-5, 442, =2.= 238, 301-4, 504-6;
supposed manipulation of Mexico, =1.= 121, 443;
and Mexican privateering, =2.= 192;
and blockade, 193, 303, 440;
and peace negotiations, 238, 465;
attitude toward United States, 294-5, 501;
and outbreak of the war, defeat of her policy, 299-300;
offer of mediation, 301, 368;
influence of French relations, 304, 506;
and American victories, 305;
volunteer officers for Mexico, 306;
and treaty of peace, 308-9, 508.
_See also_ Bankhead; Doyle; Pakenham; Thornton.

Green, B. E., and Mexican negotiations, =1.= 84-5, 433, 436;
on Tornel, 484.

Green, Duff, on Mexican finances, =2.= 8.

Green, P. C., claim, =1.= 426.

Greenhow, Robert, and claims on Mexico, =1.= 78, 429.

Grievances, American, =1.= 70-3, 423, 424.
_See also_ Claims; Diplomatic intercourse.

Griffin, W. P., at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 338.

Grijalva River.
_See_ Tabasco.

Grone, Karl von, on Scott, =2.= 316;
on American soldiers, 321.

Guadalajara, situation, =1.= 3.

_Guadalupe_, escape, =2.= 195.

Guadalupe Hidalgo, shrine, =1.= 223, 488, =2.= 141;
Valencia at, =2.= 88;
treaty signed at, 240, 467.

Guadalupe Hidalgo, treaty of.
_See_ Peace.

Guanajuato, powder-mill, =2.= 87.

Guanajuato cavalry battalion, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

Guanajuato state, in discussion on peace, =2.= 464.

Guatemala, and the war, =2.= 298.

Guaymas, as port, =1.= 3;
bombarded, =2.= 205, 446;
map, 206;
blockade, 206;
occupied, 206, 208, 447.

Guerilla warfare, in revolt against Spain, =1.= 31-2;
threat (1846), 153, 154;
Canales' force, 158, 226, 236, 479, 495;
Blanco's force, 273, 274, 283, 510;
in north after Buena Vista, suppression, 399-400, 562, =2.= 169-71,
421, 422;
during battle of Buena Vista, =1.= 559;
operations on Scott's line, =2.= 77, 171, 365, 422, 423;
and Scott's advance, 98;
Mexican addiction to, 168;
adoption and sanction, 168-9, 421;
Vera Cruz state as chief home, leaders, 171, 421;
Scott's operations against, 172, 423;
lack of morale, attacks on Mexicans, 172-3;
operations and siege of Puebla, 173-4, 178, 424;
Lane's operations against, 178-9, 426-7;
British encouragement, 306;
Scott's warning on, 358;
failure, 423.

Guerillas of Vengeance, =2.= 169.

Guerrero, Vicente, as partisan leader, =1.= 32;
in Itúrbide's revolt, 33;
revolt against Itúrbide, 35;
and Montaño's revolt, 38;
Presidential candidacy, 40-1;
proclaimed President, 41;
character, as President, 42;
overthrow, killed, 43;
warned by United States, 59, 418;
and Poinsett, 62.

Guexocingo, Lane at, =2.= 426.

Guizot, F. P. G., policy of balance of power in America, =1.= 90, =2.=
304;
and expected war, =1.= 108, 112, 115;
and Texas, 295;
policy of neutrality, =2.= 300;
and United States, 301;
and Palmerston, 304.

Gutiérrez, Captain, at Monterey, =1.= 254.

Gutiérrez de Estrada, J. M., and monarchy, =1.= 90;
on conduct of American army, =2.= 232.

Gwynn, T. P., at siege of Puebla, =2.= 174.

Hacienda, =1.= 19.

Hacienda department.
_See_ Finances, Mexican.

Haddon, W. R., on Buena Vista, =1.= 557.

Hagner, P. V., at Chapultepec, =2.= 152;
ordnance officer with Scott, 366.

Haile, ----, on losses at Monterey, =1.= 505.

Hamer, T. L., as volunteer officer, =1.= 207, 481;
at Monterey, 253, 254, 492.

Hamilton, C. S., on mistakes at Monterey, =1.= 503;
on army life in Mexico, =2.= 321.

Hamilton, Schuyler, of Scott's staff, =2.= 366.

Hamley, E. B., on military strategy, =2.= 317.

Hammond, J. H., on war spirit, =1.= 127.

Hamtramck, John, command at Saltillo, =2.= 418.

Hancock, W. S., at Churubusco, =2.= 385.

_Hannah Elizabeth_, claim, =1.= 424.

Hannegan, E. A., and expansion, =1.= 188;
and absorption of Mexico, =2.= 243;
on Polk and Oregon, 271;
position in Senate, 496;
on responsibility of Mexico, 508.

Haralson, H. A., position in House, =2.= 496.

Hardcastle, E. L. F., topographical engineer with Scott, =2.= 366.

Hardee, W. J., captured, expected Mexican victory at Palo Alto,
=1.= 161.

Hardin, J. J., at Buena Vista, =1.= 383, 386, 390, 391;
charge, killed, 393-4, 556, 559.

Hargous, Louis, and Santa Anna, =1.= 487;
Scott's agent, =2.= 362, 396;
and navy, 444.

Harmony, Peter, claim, =1.= 426.

Harney, W. S., escapade, =1.= 268-70, 509;
insubordination and magnanimity of Scott, 364-5, 545, 546, =2.= 248;
and Wool, detached from Wool's march, =1.= 509;
brigade, 541;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 51, 53-6, 352, 354;
command in Scott's army, 77;
in advance from Puebla, 93, 94;
at San Agustín, 97, 381;
at Churubusco, 119;
in Mexico City, 164;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 335, 339;
La Antigua expedition, 344;
during Chapultepec, 408.

Haro y Tamáriz, Antonio de, and Santa Anna, =2.= 4;
and financial chaos, 11.

Harrison, W. H., and control of occupied territory, =2.= 285, 497.

Haskell, W. T., at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 56, 57, 353.

Hawkins, E. S., commands Fort Brown, =1.= 468.

Hays, J. C., at Monterey, =1.= 238, 241, 255, 497, 498, 501;
and protection of Texas, 452;
operations against guerillas, =2.= 172, 423;
goes to Scott, 184, 418, 432;
character of Rangers, 423.

Haywood, W. H., Jr., and tariff, =2.= 479.

Heady, W. J., carelessness and capture, =1.= 371.
_See also_ Encarnación prisoners.

Hébert, P. O., at Chapultepec, =2.= 410.

_Hecla_, in attack on Tuxpán, =2.= 444;
in Home Squadron, 445;
ashore, 446.

Heintzelman, S. P., at Huamantla, =2.= 426;
in Lane's operations, 426.

Henderson, G. F. R., on civilian judgment on military subjects,
=1.= x.

Henderson, J. P., command of Texan troops, =1.= 480;
division in Monterey campaign, 492, 496;
in Monterey negotiations, 502.

Henry, Thomas, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 55.

Henry, W. S., on Camargo camp, =1.= 212;
on mistakes at Monterey, 502;
on Taylor's force after battle, 507.

Heredia, J. A., command at Chihuahua, =1.= 305;
battle of Sacramento, 306-13;
negotiations, 313;
displaced, 521.

Hernández, priest, and Butler, =1.= 62.

Herrera, J. J. de, head of government (1845), =1.= 55-6;
and resumption of American intercourse, 89, 92, 94, 435, 436;
administration totters, 95;
and Slidell mission, 96-8, 120, 437;
fall, 98-9, 438;
endorsed by many (1846), 216, 221;
and California, 329;
and Santa Anna (1847), =2.= 92;
peace commissioner, 135;
and evacuation of city, 167, 420;
and executive power (1847), 180;
supports Peña, 180;
force, resigns, 182, 429;
President (1848), and American evacuation, 252;
on restoration of cordiality, 323;
and riot during armistice, 396.

Hervey, L., British agent in Mexico, reports cited _passim_.

Heywood, Charles, at San José, =2.= 449.

Hidalgo, Miguel, revolt, =1.= 31.

Hidalgo battalion, formation, =2.= 3-4;
at San Antonio, 112, 384;
at Chapultepec, 410.

Hill, D. H., on Monterey, =1.= 254, 505;
on Pillow, =2.= 377.

Hilliard, H. W., on advance to Rio Grande, =1.= 457.

Hitchcock, E. A., in Texas, on Taylor, =1.= 144, 145, 452;
leaves front, 158;
Scott's magnanimity, 545, =2.= 248;
on Worth's Chachapa agreement, 70;
on Churubusco, 118;
on Molino del Rey, 147;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 335;
on Worth, 361;
of Scott's staff, 366;
and plan of attack on Mexico City, 408.

Holmes, I. E., on war spirit, =1.= 444;
and war bill, 471, 472;
on Polk's alarm, 476.

Holst, H. E. von, on Polk and war, =1.= 472, 473;
on justice of acquiring California, =2.= 322.

Home Squadron during the war, vessels, distribution, men, =2.= 189,
197, 442, 444-6.
_See also_ Conner; Perry.

Hooker, Joseph, at Monterey, =1.= 253.

Hopping, E. D., brigade in Taylor's force, =2.= 417.

Horn, Carlos, at Mazatlán, =2.= 448.

Horsemanship, Mexican, =1.= 24.

Houses, Mexican, =1.= 18-20, 23;
inns, 20.

Houston, Sam, European intrigue, =1.= 82;
and treaty of peace, =2.= 247.

Howard, Joshua, regiment, =2.= 363.

Hoya Pass, as defensive point, =2.= 39, 42;
abandoned, 58, 60.

Huamantla, battle, =2.= 176-8, 425-6.

Hudson, Charles, position in House, =2.= 496.

Hudson, T. B., in battle of Sacramento, =1.= 309, 311, 312.

Huejutla, prisoners of war at, =2.= 418.

Huger, Benjamin, at Molino del Rey, =2.= 143, 145, 146;
at Chapultepec, 149, 153, 409;
at San Cosme garita, 161, 162, 415;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 335;
ordnance officer with Scott, 356, 366.

Hughes, G. W., reconnaissance in Wool's march, =1.= 271;
on population of Mexico, 407;
on Wool's force, 509;
as governor of Jalapa, =2.= 224, 230.

Hull, J. B., off western coast of Mexico, =2.= 205.

Humboldt, Alexander von, on léperos, =1.= 6;
and the war, =2.= 299, 309;
on justice of acquisition of California, 322.

Hunt, H. J., at Chapultepec, =2.= 156;
at San Cosme garita, 162.

Hunt, W. E., in occupation of Tampico, =1.= 279.

Hunter, C. G., at Alvarado, =2.= 344.

Ibarra, D., removed, =2.= 66;
and Trist mission, 130, 390;
attack on, 367.

Iguala, Plan of, =1.= 33.

Illinois, hard times and unrest, =1.= 124.
_See also_ Illinois troops.

Illinois troops, at Buena Vista, =1.= 383, 386, 387, 389, 390, 556,
559;
in Wool's march, 509;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 343;
leave Scott, 356;
call and response (1847), 364, 365, 430, 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
at Tampico, 418;
for Scott, 423.

Importance of the war, =1.= vii.

_Independence_, in Pacific squadron, =2.= 189, 206, 446, 447.

Independence Hill at Monterey, =1.= 239, 497;
capture, 244-6, 499.

Independence of Mexico, incitation, =1.= 30-1;
Hidalgo's revolt, 31;
partisan warfare, 31-2;
education for, 32;
revolt of oligarchy and Itúrbide, Plan of Iguala, 32-3;
Itúrbide's rule, 33-5;
his overthrow, 35;
Congress, first republican constitution, 35-7, 412, 413;
Victoria's administration, 37-8;
expulsion of Gachupines, 39, 42, 413;
Spanish invasion (1829), 41.

Independencia battalion, formation, =2.= 3;
revolts, 13;
at Churubusco, 111, 382.

Indiana troops, at Buena Vista, =1.= 386, 388, 390, 391, 555, 557;
call (1847), =2.= 364, 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
sent to Scott, 418;
at Huamantla, 426;
in Lane's operations, 426, 427;
garrison at Puebla, 433.

Indianapolis, enlistments, =1.= 195.

Indianapolis _State Sentinel_, on Mexicans, =1.= 118.

Indians, characteristics and conditions of Mexican, =1.= 4, 18, 21;
Mexican, as soldiers, 10, 161, 463;
and independence, 31;
Mexico counts on help of American, 107;
in Kearny's expedition, 288;
war and raids, 269, 509;
submission in New Mexico, 298;
employment in war, 509;
raids on American expeditions, 515.

_Indicador_, on war lethargy, =1.= 214.

Industry, conditions of Mexican, =1.= 6, 15-7, 22.

Ingersoll, C. J., on Polk and war, =1.= 456;
on war bill, 472;
on lesson of the war, =2.= 324;
position in House, 496.

Ingersoll, J. R., position in House, =2.= 496.

Ingraham, D. N., at Tampico, =1.= 512.

Iniestra, Ignacio, and California, =1.= 522.

Inns, Mexican, =1.= 20.

Intellectual life, lack in Mexico, =1.= 20.

Intelligence arrangements and reconnaissance, Taylor's neglect, =1.=
145, 161, 208, 226, 249, 374, 451, 464, 476, 478, 549;
Scott's, =2.= 72, 332, 362.

Internal improvements, and Democratic dissensions, =2.= 271, 281.

Interposition, Mexican hope of Spanish-American, =1.= 111;
and of European, 112-5, 122, 442;
question of British, =2.= 301-4, 504-6;
and of French, 304;
effect of American victories, 305.

Iowa troops, non-active, =2.= 511.

Ireland, famine, effect on American finances, =2.= 263, 484;
American relief and the war, 304.

Irish in American army, Mexican propaganda among, =1.= 507, =2.= 81, 358;
deserters in Santa Anna's army, 88, 385;
in Mexican hospital force, 347.
_See also_ San Patricio battalion.

Irregulars.
_See_ Guerilla warfare.

Irving, Washington, American minister at Madrid, reports cited _passim_.

Irwin, J. R., Scott's chief quartermaster, =2.= 366.

Irwin, William, at Marín, =1.= 562.

Isunza, J. R., governor of Puebla, and Scott's advance, =2.= 66, 69, 95.

Iturbe, ----, finance minister, graft, =1.= 214, =2.= 328.

Itúrbide, Agustín de, and war on insurgents, =1.= 31;
revolt, 33;
rule, 33-5;
overthrow, 35;
and Congress, 35;
execution, 37;
seizure by, 426;
and financial system, =2.= 6.

Iztaccihuatl, Mount, aspect, =2.= 93.

Izucar de Matamoros, Lane at, =2.= 179, 427.

Jackson, Andrew, and Texas, =1.= 62, 419, 428;
and Sabine River boundary, 64;
and claims on Mexico, 77-8, 428;
and war spirit, 124.

Jackson, T. J., at Chapultepec, =2.= 154, 160, 410;
at Contreras, 378;
at Molino del Rey, 403.

Jalapa, site, aspect, =1.= 2, =2.= 63, 223;
march of Scott's army for, 38, 45-8;
Mexican preparations on route, 39-42, 346;
defences at Cerro Gordo, 42-5, 347, 348;
battle of Cerro Gordo, 48-59;
occupied, 59, 354;
Scott at, his problems of advance, 61-5;
American garrison, 74, 361, 362, 433;
American rule, 223-5, 230, 231, 458;
Scott's fortification, 358.

Jalisco Lancers, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

Jalisco state, and Santa Anna, =1.= 376;
in discussion on peace, =2.= 464.

Jarauta, C. D. de, as guerilla, =2.= 171;
offers to join Americans, 421;
executed, 423.

Jarero, J. M., at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 44.

Jarnagin, Spencer, and tariff of 1846, =2.= 257, 496.

Jay, John, and War of 1812, =2.= 280.

_Jefferson_, Tampico incident, =1.= 425.

Jesup, T. S., and tents, =1.= 206;
and Wool's train, 274;
Taylor on, 352;
quartermaster general, 475;
and Taylor's inadequate preparations for Monterey campaign, 482, 491;
and preparations for Vera Cruz expedition, 545.

Jesup, Fort, troops at (1845), =1.= 140.

Jobson, S., on Ulúa, =1.= 536.

_John Adams_, and Vera Cruz expedition, =2.= 18;
in Home Squadron, 197, 446;
in attack on Tuxpán, 444.

Johnson, Andrew, on cause of war, =1.= 189.

Johnson, Sir Thomas, Mexican partisan, =1.= 531.

Johnston, A. S., at Monterey, =1.= 253;
Texan regiment for Taylor, 480;
staff position, 492.

Johnston, J. E., at Chapultepec, =2.= 154, 155;
takes reinforcements to Scott, 184;
force at Puebla, 432.

Jomini, Baron de, on simplicity of war, =1.= x;
on generalship, =2.= 315.

Jones, Anson, on Polk and war, =1.= 445, 446.

Jones, Roger, adjutant general, =1.= 474.

Jones, T. A. C., occupation of Monterey, =1.= 69, 323, 327, 423;
commands Pacific squadron, =2.= 448.

Jones, W. D., American consul at Mexico, reports cited _passim_.

Jornada del Muerto, Doniphan's march, =1.= 300, 518.

_Journal des Débats_, on sympathy with Mexico, =1.= 112-4;
on monarchist plan, 470;
attitude toward United States, =2.= 295;
on weakness of Mexico, 297;
on outbreak of war, 300;
on Palmerston, 301;
and interposition, 304;
on American victories, 305;
and terms of peace, 308, 309;
on Mexico expedition as achievement, 321;
criticism of military operations, 507.

Juárez, B. P., and demand on Church property, =2.= 10, 11.

Judiciary, Mexican, character, =1.= 12-3, 409, 427;
in occupied territory, =2.= 229.

_Juno_, at Santa Barbara, =1.= 527.

Justice of the war, =1.= ix, 66-7, 70-83, 98, 100-1, 116-22, 136-7,
187, 190, 325-7, =2.= 310-1, 322-4, 514.

Juvera, J., at Venado, =1.= 553.

Kearny, Philip, in Scott's army, =2.= 77;
at Churubusco, 119.

Kearny, S. W., preparation for Santa Fe expedition, force, =1.= 286,
288, 515;
map of route, 287;
march to Bent's Fort, 288-9, 515;
caravan with, 289;
Armijo's preparations, 289, 292-3;
Price's reinforcement, 290, 516;
Mormon battalion, 290, 516;
proclamation and letter to Armijo, 290, 516;
advance to San Miguel, 291;
assurances to inhabitants, 291-2, 516;
expected fight at Apache Canyon, condition of force, 292-3, 516;
resistance abandoned, 293-5, 516-7;
occupies Santa Fe, 295-6;
march to southern district, 297;
leaves for California, 297, 517;
reaches it, condition of force, 341;
battle of San Pascual, 341-2, 534;
in advance on Los Angeles, 342-3;
rule in New Mexico, =2.= 217;
rule in California, 217;
governor of Mexico City, 438;
and Frémont, 454;
governor of Vera Cruz, 457;
leaves Mexico City, 476.

Kendall, Amos, on peace, =2.= 314.

Kendall, G. W., in Santa Fe expedition, =1.= 72;
on losses at Monterey, 505.

Kendrick, H. L., at siege of Puebla, =2.= 424.

Kenly, J. R., on war enthusiasm of Mexicans, =1.= 442.

Kennedy, ----, and Rebolledo, =2.= 423.

Kent, William, on the war, =2.= 273.

Kentucky troops, enlistments, =1.= 195;
in Monterey campaign, 255, 492, 496;
at Buena Vista, 383, 386, 388, 554, 555, 558;
in Wool's march, 509;
at Saltillo, 541;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 343;
at Cerro Gordo, 352;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
call (1847), 431.

Kerr, Croghan, at Palo Alto, =1.= 164, 168;
at Resaca de la Palma, 172, 467.

Kilburn, C. L., at Buena Vista, =1.= 391, 558.

Kimball, E. A., at Chapultepec, =2.= 410.

King, Preston, position in House, =2.= 496.

King, W. R., American minister at Paris, on war and slavery, =1.= 189;
on French war sentiment, =2.= 300;
on importance of victories, 305.

Kingsbury, Private, on Mexican women, =2.= 230.

Kirby, Edmund, Scott's chief paymaster, =2.= 366.

Kribben, Christian, on Chihuahua Rangers, =1.= 519.

La Angostura.
_See_ Angostura.

La Antigua.
_See_ Antigua.

La Atalaya.
_See_ Atalaya.

La Bahía.
_See_ Bahía.

Laboring class in Mexico, =1.= 6.

Laclede Rangers, in Kearny's expedition, =1.= 288;
to hold Santa Fe, 298.

La Encarnación.
_See_ Encarnación.

Lafragua, J. M., and peace negotiations, =2.= 466.

Lagos coalition.
_See_ Coalition.

Laguna, occupation, =2.= 201, 204, 445.

La Hoya Pass.
_See_ Hoya.

Lally, F. T., guerilla attacks on, =2.= 171, 422;
takes reinforcements to Scott, 184;
rule at Jalapa, 224;
at Huamantla, 426;
in Lane's operations, 426.

Lampazos company, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

Lancers of the Poisoned Spear, =2.= 173.

Landero, J. J. de, and surrender of Vera Cruz, =2.= 33, 334, 340, 342.

Lane, Camp, =1.= 480.

Lane, Joseph, at Saltillo, =1.= 371;
at Buena Vista, 390, 555, 557;
march to relieve Puebla, =2.= 176, 425;
battle of Huamantla, 176-8, 426;
reaches Puebla, 178;
operations against guerillas, 179, 426-7;
conduct of soldiers, 225;
brigade in Taylor's force, 417;
career and character, 425;
retained in service, 432.

La Paz.
_See_ Paz.

La Peña redoubt.
_See_ Peña.

Laplace, C. P. T., and California, =1.= 523.

Laredo, occupation, =1.= 452.

Larkin, T. O., as trader in California, =1.= 317;
on American immigrants, 318;
on independence, 321;
American consul, 324;
on attitude of England, 325;
on peaceful absorption, 325;
instructions to, as confidential agent, 325, 329;
and taking possession at Monterey, 334, 335, 530;
in first southern campaign, 337;
captured, 536.

Larnard, C. H., on Taylor, =1.= 204, 470.

La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, Duc de, on detail, =1.= ix;
on greatness, =2.= 314, 316.

La Rosa, Luis de.
_See_ Rosa.

Las Bocas.
_See_ Bocas.

Las Vegas, Kearny's expedition at, =1.= 291.

Las Vigas.
_See_ Vigas.

La Vaca.
_See_ Port La Vaca.

Lavallette, E. A. F., at Guaymas, =2.= 206, 447;
evacuates Mazatlán, 476.

La Vega, R. Díaz de, and Rio Grande campaign, =1.= 158, 179;
captured at Resaca de la Palma, 467;
in preparations below Perote, =2.= 40, 42, 346;
at Cerro Gordo, 44;
captured, not paroled, 354.

La Viga garita.
_See_ Viga.

Law of April 20, 1847, =2.= 81, 130, 135, 367, 389, 393.

Law of February 4, 1847, =2.= 12, 15.

Law of January 11, 1847, passage and conflict over, =2.= 8-15, 329-32.

_Lawrence_, in Home Squadron, =2.= 442.

Laws, chaos of Mexican, =1.= 12.

Lawson, Thomas, surgeon general, =1.= 366, 475.

Lay, G. W., of Scott's staff, =2.= 366.

Leavenworth, Fort, aspect, gathering of Kearny's expedition, =1.= 286.

Lee, R. E., in march to Victoria, =1.= 358;
and landing at Vera Cruz, =2.= 23, 336;
at siege, 30, 335;
at Cerro Gordo, 49-51, 53, 349;
reconnoitres Contreras, 103;
at battle, 108, 109, 378;
at Churubusco, 110, 383, 384;
on plan to attack Mexico City, 149, 408;
appearance, 149, 405;
on removal of Scott, 188;
on Scott as general, 317;
on victory and humanity, 324;
engineer with Scott, 366, 544;
reconnoitres southern approaches of capital, 408;
at Chapultepec, 409.

Leese, Jacob, as trader in California, =1.= 318.

Leggett, Aaron, claim, =1.= 427, 430.

Lendrum, J. H., at San Cosme garita, =2.= 414.

Leo XII, and Mexican church, =1.= 408.

León, Antonio de, brigade, =2.= 67, 369;
and revolt in Oaxaca, 369;
at Molino del Rey, killed, 142, 145.

León, Joaquín Velázquez de, as claims commissioner, =1.= 80, 429-31.

Leonidas letter, on Scott, =2.= 187, 435-7;
on Pillow at Contreras, 376.

Léperos, =1.= 6;
and American soldiers, =2.= 166, 459.

Lerdo de Tejada, M. M., on American rule. =2.= 221.

Lesson of the war to Mexico, =2.= 323-4, 514.

_Levant_, in Pacific squadron, =2.= 189, 447.

Lewis, D. H., position in Senate, =2.= 496.

_Lexington_, in Pacific squadron, =2.= 447.

Lexington _Commonwealth_, on British intrigue in Mexico, =1.= 121.

Libertad redoubt at Monterey, =1.= 239, 248.

Liberty of the press.
_See_ Press.

Lieber, Francis, on justice of acquiring California, =2.= 322.

Lieutenant generalcy, plan for appointment of Benton, =2.= 75, 363,
365.

Ligero cavalry, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

Lillers, Count, on attitude toward Mexico, =1.= 119.

Linares, aspect, =1.= 359.

Lincoln, Abraham, on Doniphan, =1.= 299;
war criticism, =2.= 277, 493.

Liquor, Mexican drinks, =1.= 2, 21;
and outrages by American troops, =2.= 211-3, 216, 224, 457;
regulation at Vera Cruz, 457.

Livermore, A. A., on slavery as cause of Mexican War, =1.= 473.

Liverpool _Mail_, sympathy with Mexico, =1.= 112.

Lizardi banking house, robs treasury, =1.= 432.

Llano, M. M., in Monterey negotiations, =1.= 502.

Loans, Mexican, =1.= 37, =2.= 254;
American, 258-60, 479, 481, 485.
_See also_ Finances.

Lobos Islands, rendezvous for Vera Cruz expedition, =1.= 367, =2.= 17.

Local government, in occupied territory, =1.= 338, =2.= 218, 229, 461.
_See also_ Police.

Loch, G. G., and Cerro Gordo, =2.= 348.

Locofocos, and Polk, =2.= 270, 281.

Löwenstern, Isidor, on Mexican abandonment of California, =1.= 319.

Lombardini, M. M., at Buena Vista, =1.= 389-91, 559;
character and command, =2.= 88;
retirement from Chapultepec, 412.

Lomita, Camp, =1.= 480.

London _Daily News_, on conduct of Americans in Mexico, =2.= 226.

London _Examiner_, on expected war, =1.= 134;
criticism of military operations, =2.= 307;
on trade through occupied ports, 505;
on Polk, 510.

London _Globe_, and peace, =2.= 125;
and interposition, 303.

London _Journal of Commerce_, on American aggression, =1.= 113.