Chapter D: Books and Pamphlets (except Serials) (4)

London _Morning Chronicle_, on California, =1.= 322;
on outbreak of war, =2.= 300;
criticism of military operations, 307, 308;
on American people, 502;
on interposition, 505;
on the war and development, 514.

London _Morning Herald_, on chances of expected war, =1.= 108;
on annexation of Texas, 113.

London _Post_, on outbreak of war, =2.= 300.

London _Standard_, on chances of expected war, =1.= 109, 113.

London _Times_, on monarchy for Mexico, =1.= 95, 135;
on chances of expected war, 105, 106, 110, 113, 441, 442;
on Oregon and Mexico, 115;
on American hostility to England, 121;
on Taylor's force in Mexico, 142;
on Santa Anna, 216;
on California, 322, 524;
on Santa Anna at San Luis Potosí, 379;
on Slidell mission, 437;
on Mexican finances, =2.= 8;
attack on United States, 91;
and peace, 125, 235;
on American government, 294;
on military titles, 294;
on American people, 295;
on absorption of Mexico, 297;
on outbreak of the war, 300;
and interposition, 302, 306, 505;
criticism of military operations, 306-8;
on Mexican policy, 310;
on probable pillage, 324.

Longstreet, James, at Chapultepec, =2.= 157;
at Churubusco, 385.

López de Santa Anna.
_See_ Santa Anna.

López Uraga, J.
_See_ Uraga.

Loring, W. W., at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 350, 352.

Los Angeles, in 1846, =1.= 315;
occupied by Americans, 337;
Gillespie's rule, rising against it, 338-9, 533-4;
American advance and recapture, 342-4, 535;
map of engagement near, 344.

Louis Philippe, and Texas, =1.= 67, =2.= 304;
policy of neutrality, 300.
_See also_ France.

_Louisa_, claim, =1.= 426.

Louisiana Purchase, Mexican negotiations on boundary, =1.= 59-61;
and Texas, 138.

Louisiana troops, calls, =1.= 150, 480, 537, =2.= 364, 365, 430;
in Vera Cruz expedition, =1.= 368, =2.= 336, 343;
at Tampico, =1.= 546, 547;
with Scott, =2.= 422;
at Huamantla, 426.

Louisville Legion, at Monterey, =1.= 255.

Lowell, J. R., and secession, =2.= 272;
on slavery and the war, 274;
opposition to the war, 279.

Lower California, map of tip, =2.= 207;
naval occupation, counter-attacks, 207-8, 448-9, 454;
in peace negotiations, 469, 476.

Lozano, Ramón, Spanish chargé at Mexico, and peace negotiations,
=2.= 135, 396, 467;
on Spain and Mexico, 297;
on Mexican force at time of evacuation, 416.

Lumpkin, Wilson, opposes war, =1.= 189.

McCall, G. A., at Resaca de la Palma, =1.= 170, 172.

McCall, J. G., American consul at Tampico, reports cited _passim_.

McClellan, G. B., on Brazos Island camp, =1.= 205;
engineer, 451;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 349, 353;
with Scott, 366;
at Contreras, 378;
on volunteers, 513.

McClellan, John, topographical engineer with Scott, =2.= 366.

McClung, A. K., at Monterey, =1.= 253.

McCulloch, Ben, on scout, =1.= 204;
rangers in advance on Monterey, 236;
at battle of Monterey, 243, 498;
and Santa Anna's advance, 382, 554;
at Buena Vista, 556.

McFaul, Eneas, Jr., American consul at Laguna, reports cited
_passim_.

McGillivray, Simon, claim, =1.= 427.

McIlvaine, A. R., on advance to Rio Grande, =1.= 456;
on cause of the war, =2.= 493.

McIntosh, J. S., in Texas, =1.= 143;
at Palo Alto, 164;
reinforcements for Scott, guerilla attacks, =2.= 76-7, 171, 422;
at Molino del Rey, wounded, 144, 145, 403.

Mackall, W. W., battery at Monterey, =1.= 241, 243, 248, 258, 492,
496, 508;
and volunteer officers, 481;
on Pillow, =2.= 433.

McKay, J. J., position in the House, =2.= 496.

McKee, W. R., at Buena Vista, =1.= 388, 390, 391, 394, 555, 557;
killed, 394.

Mackenzie, A. S., and Santa Anna, =1.= 202-3, 479.

McKenzie, Samuel, at Chapultepec, =2.= 153, 157.

Mackintosh, E., British consul at Mexico, and California, =1.= 524,
=2.= 302;
and peace, 133, 467;
and Mexican finances, 254, 255, 477.

McLane, Louis, American minister at London, on England and the war,
=1.= 442;
on British dislike, =2.= 295;
on Europe and Texas, 502;
on Mexican sympathy in England, 300;
on attitude of France, 503;
on British interposition, 302, 303;
and vigorous war, 305;
and Aberdeen and warning on annexation, 308;
on influence abroad of the war, 324.

McLane, R. M., takes instructions to Taylor, =1.= 350.

_McLane_, in attack on Alvarado, =2.= 199;
in Tabasco expedition, 200.

McNamara, Eugene, California grant, =1.= 527;
and Mexican propaganda, =2.= 81.

McPherson, J. D., on Marcy, =1.= 475.

McReynolds, A. T., with Scott, =2.= 77.

Madrid _Heraldo_, on the war, =2.= 298, 503.

Magoffin, James, character, =1.= 293;
and Armijo, 293, 516.

Magruder, J. B., battery at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 55;
at Contreras, 104, 105, 378;
at Chapultepec, 154, 161;
light artillery, 366;
at Molino del Rey, 403.

Maguey, drink from, =1.= 508.

_Mahonese_, in Home Squadron, =2.= 446.

Maldonado, E., and brother, at San Juan Bautista, =2.= 446.

_Malek Adel_, captured, =2.= 205, 446;
added to navy, 447.

Mangino, R., Mexican chargé at Paris, reports cited _passim_.

Mangum, W. P., on Polk, =2.= 270;
position in Senate, 496.

Manifest destiny, and attitude toward Mexico, =1.= 123, 444, =2.= 322.
_See also_ Annexations.

Mansfield, J. K. F., at Monterey, =1.= 239, 250, 251, 500;
on Fort Brown, 468;
at Buena Vista, 555.

Manufactures, attempted promotion in Mexico, =1.= 16-7.

Manzanillo, occupied, =2.= 207.

Map of Mexico, =1.= xxii.

Marchante, Francisco, and evacuation of Tampico, =1.= 512.

Marcy, Fort, at Santa Fe, =1.= 296.

Marcy, W. L., and Taylor's occupation of Texas, =1.= 142, 452;
and advance to Rio Grande, instructions, 144, 453, 463, 490;
and raising of army, 191, 193;
clash with Scott, 190-1, 477;
appearance, 193;
and Scott's deliberateness, 199;
and occupation of Tamaulipas, 263, 360;
and Monterey armistice, 263;
and advance to Saltillo, 264;
and defensive-line policy, 283;
and Price's force, 290;
relations with Scott, 354;
throws responsibility of Vera Cruz plans on him, 355, 540;
as claims commissioner, 430;
character, 475;
on Polk's alarm, 476;
and volunteers, 480, =2.= 320;
and Wool's march, =1.= 510;
and further calls for volunteers, 537;
and Scott's preparations, 539, 544, 545;
and Taylor's Presidential ambition, 547;
and Ten Regiment Bill, =2.= 74;
and peace negotiations, 122;
and Trist-Scott quarrel, 128, 129, 389, 390;
and failure of negotiations (1847), 138;
recalls Price, 166;
and Scott and cabal, 188, 437;
on Conner, 202;
and Scott's order for military government, 220;
appointment to Cabinet, 271;
and Gaines's six-months men, 272;
on Democratic dissensions, 281;
political despair, 291;
on opposition, 292;
and Mexico expedition, 343, 346;
and Scott's release of time-expired men, 356;
on Scott at Puebla, 362;
does not expect peace, 391;
and douceur, 391;
on guerilla warfare, 423;
and war policy after capture of Mexico City, 430;
on number of volunteers, 431.

Marín, occupied, =1.= 562.

Marín, T., guerilla, =2.= 421.

Marines, in Scott's army, =2.= 78, 366, 432, 511;
at Chapultepec, 156, 410;
in Mexico City, 163, 164;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 335.

Markoe, C, on opposition to the war, =2.= 314, 510.

Marshall, Thomas, at Buena Vista, =1.= 386, 388, 390, 555, 558;
at Brazos, 476;
left at Camargo, 493;
brigade, =2.= 417;
retained in service, 432;
arrives at Mexico City, 432;
division leaves Mexico City, 476.

Martin, Alexandre, French agent in Mexico, on Mexican army, =1.= 408.

Martin, J. J. M., American chargé at Paris, on France and tariff for
Mexican ports, =2.= 484;
on Europe and Texas, 502.

Martin, Judge, acknowledgment to, =1.= 444.

Martínez, F. P., Mexican minister at Washington, and claims, =1.= 78,
79, 429.

Martínez, General, brigade, =2.= 369.

Martínez, J. A., guerilla, =2.= 421.

Maryland troops, calls (1847), =2.= 364, 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
at Jalapa, 433.
_See also_ Washington and Baltimore battalion.

Mason, J. L., reconnoitres San Antonio, =2.= 102;
and Molino del Rey, 142;
wounded, 144;
at Cerro Gordo, 349.

Mason, J. T., and Scott, =1.= 476.

Mason, J. Y., as secretary of the navy, =2.= 191, 196;
and offensive operations, 198, 200;
and Lower California, 207.

Mason, R. B., as governor of California, =2.= 218-20;
and occupation of western coast of Mexico, 448;
supposed force, 432.

Masons, in Mexican politics, =1.= 34, 38, 43, 413.

Massachusetts, and the war, =2.= 274, 493.
_See also_ Massachusetts troops.

_Massachusetts_, in Vera Cruz expedition, =2.= 18, 25, 26.

Massachusetts troops, call, =1.= 537;
in Taylor's later force, =2.= 417;
sent to Scott, 418.

Matamoros, Taylor's assurance of peaceful intentions, =1.= 146, 148,
151, 454;
Taylor's force across river from, 148, 454;
Mexican force at, 158, 462;
fortification, 158;
map, 159;
Mexicans abandon, 177-8;
Taylor occupies, 178, 204, 480;
under American rule, 481, =2.= 211-2, 450;
troops left at, =1.= 493, =2.= 417;
American tariff, 484.

Matamoros de Morelia battalion, at Chapultepec, =2.= 408.

Matehuala, troops at, =1.= 550, 552.

Matson, H. S., and siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 33, 305, 337.

May, C. A., at Palo Alto, =1.= 164, 168;
at Resaca de la Palma, appearance and character, 174, 467;
advance to Saltillo, 264;
return to Monterey with Taylor, 368;
and Santa Anna's advance, 382, 554;
in march to Victoria, 541;
at Buena Vista, 555.

Mayer, Brantz, and advance to Rio Grande, =1.= 152.

Mayo, Isaac, at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 338.

Mazapil, occupied, =2.= 418.

Mazatlán, as port, =1.= 3;
revolt (1846), 485;
temporary blockades, =2.= 205, 446, 447;
aspect, 206;
under Téllez, 207, 447;
occupied, 207, 208, 448;
map, 207;
evacuated, 476.

Meade, G. G., at Resaca de la Palma, =1.= 173;
on Taylor's operations, 177, 179;
on raw volunteers, 207, 208;
at Monterey, 246, 251, 499;
on war blunders, 267;
on Taylor's defensive-line plan, 282;
on Taylor as general, 470;
on his lack of information, 490;
on organization of army in Monterey campaign, 493;
on Worth, 498.

Mediation, British offers, =2.= 301, 368, 503-4;
Spain and, 502.
_See also_ Interposition.

Medical corps, Mexican, =1.= 157.

Mejía, Francisco, ruse at Arroyo Colorado, =1.= 147;
and Taylor at Rio Grande, 148;
and irregulars in Texas, 153, 154;
on Taylor and his force, 158, 159;
propaganda among American troops, 160;
and advance against Taylor, 162, 464, 467;
succeeds Arista in command, 178;
restores morale, 225;
appearance, 226;
plan at Monterey, 226;
preparations to resist Taylor there, 230;
and holding of Monterey, 231, 494;
and brigade command, 462;
in battle of Monterey, 494, 500;
at Matehuala, 552;
in Army of the North, =2.= 369.

Mejía, J. A., revolt, =1.= 49;
Americans in revolt executed, 70.

Mejía, Vicente, attack on La Paz, =2.= 448.

_Memorial Histórico_, on monarchist plans, =1.= 90.

Memphis, enlistments, =1.= 195.

Memphis _Daily Eagle_, on enlisting, =1.= 195.

Memphis _Enquirer_, on war spirit, =1.= 127.

Mendoza, F., guerilla, =2.= 421.

Mendoza, N., brigade in Monterey campaign, =1.= 494;
at Contreras, =2.= 109.

Mercantile class in Mexico, =1.= 5, 17;
favor peace, =2.= 130.
_See also_ Commerce.

Mercantile system, and Spanish colonies, =1.= 29.

Merritt, Ezekiel, at San Diego, =1.= 534.

Merryman _vs._ Bourne, title by conquest, =2.= 468.

Mervine, William, at Monterey, Cal., =1.= 335;
in second southern campaign, 340;
on Stockton, 534.

Mexicaltzingo, plan to advance by, =2.= 96, 372-3.

Mexican Spy Company, Scott's, =2.= 72, 362, 476.

Mexican War.
The analysis is carried out through the titles Army; Attitude;
Cause; Conquered territory; Cost; Diplomatic intercourse; Finances;
Foreign relations; Government; Guerilla; Importance; Justice; Navy;
Opposition; Outbreak; Peace; Politics; Popularity; Preparation;
Programme;
and the leaders and campaigns by name, especially Buena Vista;
California; Doniphan; Mexico expedition; Monterey; New Mexico;
Rio Grande; Santa Anna; Scott, Winfield; Taylor, Zachary; Vera Cruz;
Wool.

Mexico, Valley of, topography, =2.= 79;
map, 80;
aspect, 94, 119, 138;
view from Chapultepec, 158.

Mexico battalion, at Monterey, =1.= 494.

Mexico City, situation, =1.= 2;
profile of route from Vera Cruz, 2;
aspect and life, charm, 21-8, =2.= 228;
southern and western approaches, map, 141, 147;
clerical incitation against Americans, 142;
Quitman at Belén garita, 158-60, 162, 412, 414-6;
map of citadel, 159;
capture of San Cosme garita, 161-2, 413, 414, 416;
evacuated by Mexicans, release of criminals, 163, 415, 420;
Americans take possession, 163, 415;
Quitman first governor, 164, 460;
uprising against Americans, 166-8, 420;
clemency toward, 226, 459;
military discipline in, 226, 459-60;
resumption of ordinary life, attitude of clergy, 226;
invasion of Americanisms, 227;
social excesses, 227-8, 460;
local government, 229;
police, 229;
social relations with Americans, 230;
American evacuation, 252, 476;
riot during armistice, 396;
Kearny governor, 438;
location of troops during occupation, 461.
_See also_ Mexico expedition.

Mexico expedition, proposals, =1.= 349;
question of campaign left open, 351;
Taylor's attitude, 352-3, 362-3, 543;
influence of Scott's victories and treatment on Mexicans, =2.= 36,
45, 65, 80, 81;
dangers stated, 37;
Scott's preparations at Vera Cruz, 37;
his proclamation before starting, 38, 344;
transportation problem, Antigua and Alvarado expeditions, 38, 344-5;
start, march to Cerro Gordo, 39, 45-8, 345, 348;
map of Vera Cruz to Perote, 39;
Santa Anna's plans and preparations below Perote, 39-42, 346;
maps of Cerro Gordo, 40, 43, 51;
and yellow fever, 42, 59, 64, 348;
defences and force at Cerro Gordo, 42-5, 347, 348;
battle of Cerro Gordo, 48-59, 349-55;
occupation of Jalapa, 59, 354;
pursuit to Perote, 60-1;
Scott at Jalapa, his problems: of supplies, 61-3, 355;
of Santa Anna's intentions, 62;
of time-expired men, 63-4, 356;
force after departure of time-expired men, 64, 356;
advance to Puebla, 64, 66, 69;
map of profile Vera Cruz to Mexico, 62;
secret arrangement with clergy for occupation of Puebla, 65-6, 357;
Scott's proclamation at Jalapa, May 11, 66, 357-8;
Santa Anna's preparations at Orizaba, 67-8, 359;
political influence on his movements, 68;
Santa Anna at Puebla, 69, 360;
Amozoc affair, 69-70, 360;
Worth's erroneous agreement with Puebla, 70;
occupation of Puebla, 71;
Worth's rule there, 71-2, 361;
Scott's intelligence system, 72, 332, 362;
condition of Scott's army in Puebla, 72-3, 362;
concentration, communications severed, and reinforcements awaited
there, 73, 357, 362, 363, 365;
Ten Regiment Bill to increase regulars, 74-6, 363;
proposed appointment of Benton as commanding general, 75, 363,
365;
further call for volunteers, 76-7, 364;
arrival of reinforcements, 76, 365;
organization and size of Scott's force in final advance, 77, 93,
365, 366;
condition of force then, 78;
situation of capital, 79, 94;
unfruitful plans for defence of capital, governmental chaos, 79-82,
367;
map of the Valley, 80;
Santa Anna's return to capital, opposition to his control, 82-7;
his collection of matériel, 87;
his army organization, its character and officers, 87-9, 369;
his defensive plan, 89-90, 370;
defences, Old Peñón, 90, 369;
bolstering morale of inhabitants, 91, 142;
their enthusiasm on start of final campaign, 91-2;
Scott's advance from Puebla to Lake Chalco, 92-5, 371;
failure of opposition to it, 95, 371;
choice of line of advance, 95-6, 372;
advance to San Agustín, 96-8, 374;
Santa Anna and Scott's march to southern front, 97-8, 374;
Mexican enthusiasm lost, 98;
Santa Anna's southern line, 99, 101, 374;
general map of southern line, 100;
field and Mexican occupation of Contreras, 101-2, 375;
American reconnaissances and problem, 102-3, 375;
battle of Contreras, 103-10, 376-80;
Santa Anna's arrangements after Contreras, 110-1, 382;
question of American advance to capital after the battle, 112;
battle of Churubusco, 111-9, 382-5;
Americans after Churubusco, 120;
why victory was not followed up, 120, 386, 393;
halt at Puebla and negotiations, 130;
armistice, 133, 137-8, 394-6, 398-9;
armies during armistice, 134, 138-9;
defences and force at Molino del Rey, 140-2, 400;
map of battles of Mexico City, 141;
Scott's preparations after armistice, 142, 400, 404;
battle of Molino del Rey, 143-7, 401-4;
southern and western approaches to city, 147;
Scott's plans and caution after Molino del Rey, 148, 404, 408;
American conference and problem, decision to attack western gates,
148-9, 408;
defences of Chapultepec, 149-52, 405-6;
battle of Chapultepec, 152-8, 408-11;
Quitman at Belén garita, 158-60, 162, 412, 414-5;
capture of San Cosme garita, 161-2, 413-4, 416;
evacuation of the city, 163, 415;
possession taken by Americans, 163-4, 415-6;
American loss in final operations, 165, 411;
rising in city, 166-8, 420;
adoption of guerilla warfare against, 169;
guerilla warfare on line of communication, 171, 422-3;
operations against guerillas, 172, 178-9, 423, 426-7;
"siege" of Americans at Puebla, 173-5, 424-6;
extempore Mexican government, 179-81, 427, 428;
problem after capture of city, 183, 430;
further tardy reinforcements, 183;
size and condition of American force then, 184, 432;
plan of further campaign, 184, 432, 433;
American evacuation, 251-2, 475, 476;
effect on American foreign relations, 305;
foreign criticism, 307-8;
inadequate force and preparation, 314, 510;
achievement, spoils, 321, 416;
administration and authorization, 344;
Mexican force when it evacuated, 416;
supposed American force (Nov., 1847), 432;
size of army and posts (May, 1848), 438;
distribution of troops after occupying city, 461.
_See also_ Conquered territory; Scott, Winfield; Vera Cruz; and
battles by name for details.

Mexico state, and guerilla warfare, =2.= 169, 173;
and rehabilitation of army, 182;
war donation, 254;
American assessment, 265;
and collapse of federal government, 428.

Micheltorena, J. M., and Jones's occupation, =1.= 69, 423;
in California, 319.

Michigan troops, call, =2.= 431;
at Orizaba, 433.

Michoacán state, and Santa Anna, =1.= 376;
in discussion on peace, =2.= 464.

Middle class in Mexico, =1.= 5, 27.

Mier, occupied, =1.= 210;
as camp, 212;
force at, =2.= 417.

Mier y Terán, M. de, popularity, =1.= 44.

Miles, D. S., at Camargo, =1.= 210-2;
at Monterey, 245, 498;
guerilla attack on, =2.= 422, 433.

Military government.
_See_ Conquered territory.

Miller, Captain, at siege of Puebla, =2.= 424.

Miller, Sergeant, on camp life, =1.= 207.

Mina battalion, at Chapultepec, =2.= 408.

Mining, Mexican industry, =1.= 2, 15.

Miñón, J. J., captures by, =1.= 371;
on eve of Buena Vista, 381, 383;
in the battle, 384, 386, 391, 395, 396, 556, 559;
brigade as screen at San Luis Potosí, 550.

Minor, George, at San Diego, =1.= 534.

Mints, Mexican, =1.= 16;
rented, =2.= 255.

_Mississippi_, in occupation of Tampico, =1.= 279, 281;
yellow fever, =2.= 195;
in Home Squadron, 197, 442, 446;
in attack on Alvarado, 198, 199;
in Tabasco expedition, 204;
in attack on Tuxpán, 444.

Mississippi troops, enlistments, =1.= 195;
at Monterey, 235, 492, 496;
in Victoria march, 357;
at Lobos Islands rendezvous, 368;
at Buena Vista, 388, 391, 392, 555, 557, 561;
in calls and response, 537, =2.= 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417.
_See also_ Davis, Jefferson.

Missouri troops, calls (1847), =2.= 364, 431;
non-active men, 511.
_See also_ Doniphan; Price.

Mitchell, D. D., and Chihuahua Rangers, =1.= 519.

Mixcoac, Americans at, =2.= 134.

Mobile _Herald and Tribune_, on war spirit, =1.= 126.

_Moctezuma_, escape, =2.= 195.

Moderados, and Puros, =2.= 2, 4;
Polkos, 3, 13;
and election of Farías, 5, 9;
and demands on church property, 11, 330;
and Santa Anna, 14, 15, 331;
incompetent, 82, 85.
_See also_ Federalism.

Mofras, Eugène Duflot de.
_See_ Duflot.

Molina, Ignacio, acknowledgment to, =2.= 411.

Molino del Rey, position, defences, =2.= 140, 400;
Mexican force, 142, 402;
Scott's preparation and plan, criticism, 142, 401-2, 404;
map, 143;
American disposition and force, 143, 402, 403;
Santa Anna's actions, 144, 402, 404;
attacks and capture of Mill, 144-5;
capture of Casa Mata, 145, 403;
cavalry fight, 146, 404;
a mistake, losses, results, 147, 403;
American garrison, 461.

Moltke, H. K. B. von, on strategy, =1.= x.

Monarchy in Mexico, feared (1845), =1.= 90, 95, 435;
plans and aid from Europe, 114;
American resentment, 122, 135, =2.= 304, 466;
collapse of plans, =1.= 180, 470;
Paredes deserts, 214, 485;
Santa Anna declares against, 219;
anti-peace activity of adherents, =2.= 234, 463;
adherents in Polko revolt, 330;
and clerical understanding with Scott, 358.
_See also_ Itúrbide.

Monasterio, J. M. O., and claims, =1.= 77.

Monclova, Wool at, =1.= 273, 509;
aspect, 273.

Money, Mexican minting, =1.= 15;
American market during war, =2.= 489.

_Monitor Constitucional_, on expected foreign aid, =1.= 114.

_Monitor del Pueblo_, on Scott's advance, =2.= 66.

_Monitor Republicano_, on the war, =1.= 215;
on Texas and the war, 457;
on Santa Anna, 488, =2.= 84;
on church and war finances, 8, 9.

Monroe Doctrine, and European attitude on the war, =1.= 112, =2.= 296;
and monarchist plans in Mexico, =1.= 122, 135;
Mexico and, 417;
Polk's reassertion, =2.= 295.

Montaño, M., revolt, =1.= 38.

Montemorelos, aspect, =1.= 357.

Monterde, J. M., captured, =2.= 411.

Monterey, Cal., Jones's occupation, =1.= 69, 423;
in 1846, as port, 315, 521;
Sloat takes possession at, 334-5, 531.

Monterey, Mexico, situation, aspect, =1.= 2, 257, =2.= 212;
considered vital, =1.= 225;
Taylor leaves for Victoria, 357;
Santa Anna's plan against (Dec.), 357, 541;
Taylor instructed to concentrate at, his insubordinate advance, 368;
excesses of volunteers at, =2.= 212-3. 450;
American regulations, 213, 230, 450;
later force at, 417, 418.
_See also_ Monterey campaign.

Monterey auxiliary battalion, at battle of Monterey, =1.= 494.

Monterey campaign, inadequate preparation, steamboats, =1.= 208,
481-3;
advance up Rio Grande to Camargo, 209-11;
Taylor's force then, 211, 212, 483;
unfortunate placing of camp at Camargo, 211, 484, 493;
condition of Mexican forces, 225, 230, 489;
Mejía's plan for guerilla warfare, Canales frustrates it, 226, 236;
Taylor's inaction and lack of information, 226, 251, 489, 491, 499;
his transportation, 227, 490-1, 493;
Taylor and popular demand for action, he does not anticipate
resistance, 227, 491-3;
his neglect of artillery, 228, 250, 500;
route of advance, 228;
advance and camp at Cerralvo, organization of army, 228-30, 492,
493;
Mexican force, 230, 494;
Mexican preparations at Monterey, 230-2, 494;
defences, 232-4, 239, 249, 495, 497;
general map of battle, 232;
Ampudia's position and policy, 234;
measures to stay American advance, 234-5, 237, 495;
McCulloch's Rangers, 236;
advance from Cerralvo, aspect of country, 236-7, 496;
arrival before Monterey, 237;
confidence and size of American force, 238, 496;
Worth's flanking movement to Saltillo road, 239-44, 497;
Ampudia during battle, 241, 242, 248, 255, 258, 259, 501;
detailed map of battle, 240;
Worth's capture of Federation Ridge, 244-6, 498;
of Independence Hill, 246-8, 499;
Taylor's display in force, 249;
fortifications in Taylor's front, 249-50;
his verbal instructions to Garland, 250-1, 500;
capture of Tenería redoubt, 251-3, 500;
futile attack on Diablo, 253-4;
Taylor's mistakes, 254, 260, 500-3;
Mexicans abandon outworks, 255;
advance toward plaza, retirement, 256, 500;
failure to concert action with Worth, 256-7, 501;
Worth's attack in city, 257-8;
condition of Mexican force, bombardment, 258, 501;
capitulation, armistice, 259, 501-2;
Taylor's acceptance considered, 260, 502-6;
evacuation by Mexicans, 260;
results, fame, 261, 506;
condition and size of Taylor's force after, 262, 506;
Polk and terms, armistice terminated, 263;
to be end of northern advance, 350;
losses, 505;
foreign comment, =2.= 306-7.

Montgomery, J. B., and British commander, =2.= 446;
at Guaymas, 447.

Montoya, J. M., Mexican chargé at Washington, reports cited _passim_.

Mora, J. M. L., minister at London, and England and California,
=2.= 303;
and British mediation, 508.

Mora y Villamil, Ignacio, on California, =1.= 322;
on Texas and the war, 457;
and defences of Vera Cruz, =2.= 19;
and preparations below Perote, 40;
peace commissioner, 135;
and guerilla warfare, 168, 422;
armistice negotiations, 242, 394;
and Contreras, 375.

Morale, of American troops at Corpus Christi, =1.= 144;
at Rio Grande, 147, 160, 164;
results of Rio Grande campaign, 177-9, 469;
of volunteers in first camps, 207, 481;
Wool's discipline, 268, 269, 273, 275, 276;
character of Doniphan's force, 299, 303;
of Wool's force before Buena Vista campaign, 371;
Taylor's influence, 372, 374;
of Scott's force at Puebla, =2.= 73;
at start of final campaign, 78;
lack, in guerillas, 172;
naval, 190, 438;
mutiny at Buena Vista, 418;
effect of newspapers on Mexican, 509.
_See also_ Army; Conquered territory; Deserters.

Morales, Juan, defence of Vera Cruz, =2.= 22, 31, 336, 337, 340-2.

Morehead, T. G., at siege of Puebla, =2.= 174.

Morelia, powder-mill, =2.= 87.

Morelia battalion, at Monterey, =1.= 494;
at Belén garita, =2.= 412.

Morelos, J. M., as partisan leader, =1.= 32.

Moreno, J. M., attack on La Paz, =2.= 449.

Morfit, H. M., American agent in Texas, reports cited _passim_.

Morgan, G. W., at Cerralvo, =1.= 562;
and Fifteenth Infantry, =2.= 363;
at Contreras, 378.

Morier, J. J., British agent in Mexico, on Mexican character,
=1.= 410.

Mormon battalion, follows Kearny's expedition, =1.= 290, 516;
in California, =2.= 218, 219, 454, 455.

Morris, L. N., at Palo Alto, =1.= 164.

Mosquito fleet, =2.= 29, 338.

Mountain systems of Mexico, =1.= 1.

Mounted Riflemen, authorized, =1.= 190;
in Smith's brigade, 541;
at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 52, 54, 350, 352;
in Scott's army, 77;
at Contreras, 104;
at Churubusco, 110, 114, 382, 384;
at Belén garita, 159, 160;
at siege of Vera Cruz, 343;
at Molino del Rey, 403;
at Chapultepec, 410;
in the guerilla operations, 427.

Mouth of the Rio Grande, camp, =1.= 205.

Mulejé, and American occupation, =2.= 448.

Mules.
_See_ Transportation.

Munroe, John, artillery at Point Isabel, =1.= 146, 148.

Murphy, Tomás, Mexican agent at London, Aberdeen's suggestion to,
=1.= 434;
and interposition, =2.= 302, 304, 504-6;
and foreign officers, 306.

Muscatine, Iowa.
_See_ Bloomington.

Nacogdoches, Gaines's expedition, =1.= 64-6, 420-2.

Nájera, Lieut. Col., at Monterey, falls, =1.= 243.

Napoleon I, on first quality of a soldier, =1.= 440;
on flank movement, 497;
on agent's responsibility, =2.= 398.

Nashville _Union_, on war spirit, =1.= 126.

_Natchez_, Vera Cruz incident, =1.= 424, 425.

National bridge.
_See_ Puente nacional.

National Guard, Mexican, and Federalists, =1.= 221, 222;
Brazito affair with Doniphan, 301-2;
attempt to centralize, 376, =2.= 346;
at Vera Cruz, 22, 343;
and siege of Puebla, 174, 425.

National highway, =1.= 16.
_See also_ Mexico expedition.

_National Intelligencer_, and peace, =2.= 125;
on Polk and his party, 269;
and tariff, 273;
on Polk, 275;
on outbreak of war, 277;
encourages enemy, 280, 281;
and tax on tea and coffee, 285;
and no-territory plan, 288;
and victorious war, 292;
on title by conquest, 497;
on tariff for Mexican ports, 500, 501.

Navajo Indians, conquered, =1.= 298.

Navy, American, foreign opinion, =1.= 106;
pacific instructions (1845), 131, 447;
war preparations, 190;
mosquito fleet at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 29, 338;
sailors and landed battery at siege, 30, 34, 338;
vessels at the beginning of the war, distribution, 189, 197, 438;
appropriation and increase, 189;
establishment, condition, 189, 438;
administration, 190-91;
and Mexican privateers, 192-3;
blockade, 193-5, 205, 206, 208, 446, 448;
scurvy and yellow fever, 194-5;
and Mexican navy, 195;
difficulties of shore operations, 196;
Alvarado expeditions, 197-9, 344;
operations on Mexican western coast, 205-8, 446-9;
character of service, 208, 449;
character of control of occupied territory, 208;
evacuation, 476.
_See also_ California; Conner, David; Jones, T. A. C.; Marines;
Perry; Sloat; Shubrick; Stockton.

Navy, Mexican, =2.= 195.

Negotiations.
_See_ Diplomatic intercourse; Peace.

_Neptune_, at Tampico, =1.= 281;
wrecked, 449.

Neutrality, American, and Texas, =1.= 63, 432;
and Sabine River boundary, 64;
and Gaines's expedition, 64-6;
and recognition of Texas, 66-7, 422-3;
Bocanegra-Webster correspondence, 68;
European, in the war, =2.= 300-5.
_See also_ Interposition; Mediation.

New Granada, and the war, =2.= 298.

New Helvetia, trading post, =1.= 318, 522.

New Jersey troops, call, =2.= 364;
in Taylor's later force, 417;
at Jalapa, 433.

New Mexico, Santa Fe trail trade, =1.= 72, 284, 514;
province, population, 284;
political situation, 284-6, =2.= 216;
American war policy toward, =1.= 286;
preparation of Kearny's expedition, force, 286, 288, 515;
map of his route, 287;
his march to Pent's Fort, 288-9, 515;
Armijo's attitude, preparations, and desertion, 289, 292-4, 516-7;
Price's reinforcement of Kearny, 290, 516;
Mormon battalion, 290, 516;
Kearny's proclamation and letter to Armijo, 290, 516;
advance to San Miguel, assurances to inhabitants, 291-2, 516;
expected fight at Apache Canyon, condition of expedition, 292-3,
516;
resistance abandoned, 293-5;
occupation of Santa Fe, 295-6;
Fort Marcy, 296;
march to southern district, 297;
retaining force, 298;
reduction of Indians, 298;
Doniphan's march to El Paso, Brazito affair, 298-300, 517, 518;
condition of force at Santa Fe, 518;
in peace negotiations and treaty, 135, 136, 238, 240, 248, 396, 468,
469;
character of population, 216;
excesses due to American occupation, 216, 453;
Price's rule, insurrection, 217, 453;
civil government as conquered territory, 285;
justice of acquisition, 322;
supposed force in (Nov., 1847), 432;
Texas and occupation, 497.

New Orleans, enlistments, =1.= 195;
as rival of New York, =2.= 274;
yellow fever (1847), 431.

New Orleans _Commercial Bulletin_, attacks policy of forbearance,
=1.= 121;
on easy victory over Mexico, 126.

New Orleans _Delta_, on Paredes revolt, =1.= 120;
demand for war, 443;
Leonidas letter, =2.= 187, 435;
on Taylor's force (1847), 417.

New Orleans _Jeffersonian Republican_, attacks policy of forbearance,
=1.= 120.

New Orleans _Picayune_, on monarchist plans in Mexico, =1.= 90, 122,
135;
attacks on policy of forbearance, 119;
on rejection of Slidell, 120;
on war spirit, 126, 132;
demand for war, 443.

New Orleans _Tropic_, on policy of expansion, =1.= 123.

New York, and peace, =2.= 123;
Polk and factions, 270, 491.
_See also_ New York troops.

New York City, enlistments, =1.= 194.

New York _Courrier des Etats Unis_, on European protection of Mexico,
=1.= 121.

New York _Express_, and peace, =2.= 125.

New York _Herald_, on unrest, =1.= 124;
on war spirit, 124;
on war as peace movement, 184;
on war finances, =2.= 256;
on opposition to the war, 494.

New York _Journal of Commerce_, on war spirit, =1.= 124;
on war as peace movement, 184.

New York _Morning News_, on policy of expansion, =1.= 123;
on war spirit, 124-6.

New York _Sun_, and Worth, =2.= 186, 434;
favors absorbing Mexico, 243.

New York _Tribune_, on policy of expansion, =1.= 123;
on Polk and war, 184;
on the war and politics, =2.= 275;
on annexation of Texas and war, 276;
demands recall of troops, 290;
on Scott and the cabal, 436.

New York troops, in Vera Cruz expedition, =1.= 368, 537, =2.= 343;
at Cerro Gordo, 53, 58;
in march to Puebla, 69;
in Scott's army, 78;
at Churubusco, 117;
at Chapultepec, 157, 409;
in Mexico City, 163;
in California, 219, 454, 476;
in Lower California, 448.

Newspapers, Mexican, war-time lamentations, =2.= 509.
_See also_ Press.

Niles, J. M., and absorption of Mexico, =2.= 244;
position in Senate, 496.

_Niles' Register_, on Taylor's generalship, =1.= 503.

Niño Perdido garita, =2.= 148.

Ninth Cavalry, Mexican, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 347.

Ninth Infantry, in Scott's army, =2.= 78, 363, 432;
at Contreras, 109;
at Chapultepec, 154, 155, 157;
advance after armistice, 400;
at Huamantla, 426;
at Pachuca, 433.

_Nonata_, captured, =1.= 511.

Noncombatants, American policy toward, =2.= 210, 220, 229.
_See also_ Conquered territory.

Nopalucan, aspect, =2.= 69.

Noriega, General, at Palo Alto, =1.= 165, 168;
captured at Chapultepec, =2.= 411.

North Carolina troops, enlistments, =1.= 195;
calls, 537, =2.= 431;
in Taylor's later force, 417.

Norther, character, =1.= 541, =2.= 34.

Nuevo León, troops at Monterey, =1.= 494;
levy on, for guerilla warfare, =2.= 170, 422;
attitude toward United States, 215;
general occupation, 418.
_See also_ Monterey.

Oaxaca state, guerilla warfare, =2.= 173;
revolt and the war, 369.

Obregón, Pablo, Mexican minister at Washington, and boundary
negotiations, =1.= 60.

O'Brien, J. P. J., battery at Buena Vista, =1.= 388, 390-2, 394, 557.

Ocampo, M., and Santa Anna, =1.= 376.

Occupied territory.
_See_ Conquered territory.

O'Donnell, Leopoldo, and Mexican privateering, =2.= 193.

O'Donojú, Juan, treaty with Itúrbide, =1.= 33.

Officers, character of volunteer, =1.= 192, 207, =2.= 215;
for the ten new regiments, 76;
value of West Point training, 320.
_See also_ Army; Volunteers.

_Ohio_, and attack on Tuxpán, =2.= 444;
in Pacific squadron, 447.

Ohio troops, enlistments, =1.= 195;
at Monterey, 253, 492, 496;
in Taylor's later force, =2.= 417;
with Scott, 418;
in Lane's march to Puebla, 426;
in his guerilla operations, 426, 427;
calls (1847), 364, 365, 431;
garrison at Puebla, 433;
non-active men, 511.

Ojo de Agua, aspect, =2.= 69;
American post, 433.

Olaguíbel, F. M. de, warnings to Santa Anna (1846), =1.= 378, 379;
supports Farías, =2.= 82;
character, 86;
and opposition to Santa Anna, 86, 134, 136;
yields to Santa Anna's demands, 92;
supplies for Scott, 134;
in American rear, 148;
and evacuation of Mexico, 163;
supports Peña, 180, 428.

Old Peñón, fortification, =2.= 90, 369, 373;
Mexican army at, 92;
Scott avoids, 96.

Oligarchy, of Spanish born, =1.= 29;
deposes viceroy, 30;
Hidalgo's revolt against, 31;
partisan warfare on, 31;
doomed, 32;
revolt against liberal constitution, 32;
plots against federal government, 37;
rules Victoria, 37;
attempted revolt (1823), 38;
expulsion of Gachupines, 39, 42, 413;
and Bustamante's revolt, 43;
and Santa Anna, 45;
and Farías' reforms, 46;
makes Santa Anna dictator, 46;
and Seven Laws, rule, 47;
factions, 48;
goes over to Santa Anna (1841), 50.
_See also_ Government; Monarchy; Roman Catholic church.

Olozaga, Salustiano de, on monarchy for Mexico, =1.= 448.

Opposition to the war, Mexico counts on, =1.= 105, 107, 119, 443;
objections to war bill, 182-3, 471;
basis, =2.= 273-5;
Whig troubles, 276-80, 283, 493, 494;
warning from opposition to War of 1812, 280;
encourages enemy, 280-1, 289, 495;
character of speeches in Congress, 284-6;
and Wilmot Proviso, 286-7, 498;
Whig no-territory plan, 287-8, 498;
protracts war, 288, 292;
demand for stoppage of supplies and recall of troops, 290-1, 500;
Whig House programme, 290;
effect on, of success of war, 290;
continued baiting of Polk, 291, 500;
results, 292, 314, 510;
historical results, 292-3, 501.

Oregon country, question and Mexican relations, =1.= 90, 94, 130, 137,
=2.= 299, 504;
and British aid of Mexico, =1.= 114;
and outbreak of the war, 200, 458, 478;
compromise settlement, 201;
effect on Polk, =2.= 271, 281;
settlement and Wilmot Proviso, 286;
danger in, 295.

Organic Bases, =1.= 52;
revival, 217.

Orizaba, situation, aspect, =1.= 2, =2.= 222;
Santa Anna's preparations at, 67-8;
Bankhead's expedition, aspect of route to, 184-5, 433;
American rule, 223;
Lane at, 427.

Orizaba, Mount, aspect, =2.= 18, 60, 223.

Ortega, J. M., in Monterey negotiations, =1.= 502.

Osgood, David, on War of 1812, =2.= 280, 494.

Oswandel, J. J., on Pillow, =2.= 377.

Otero, Mariano, on advance to Rio Grande, =1.= 155;
on income of the Church, 408;
on Texas and the war, 458;
and peace negotiations, =2.= 136, 236;
leader of Moderados, 327.

Outbreak of the war, Mexican policy to avoid formal declaration, =1.=
88, 434;
protection of Texas and boundary question, 138, 153, 449, 457, 470;
Taylor's force occupies Corpus Christi, 141-3, 452;
original size of force, 142;
reinforcements, 143, 454;
condition of force, 143;
rank controversy, 144;
crossing of Rio Grande by Mexicans as invasion, 144, 453;
Taylor's advance to Rio Grande, 145-8, 454;
retaliatory orders, 148, 455;
Mexicans cross and attack Thornton, 149, 455;
de facto war, Taylor calls for more troops, 150, 455;
justification of advance to Rio Grande, 151-4, 456;
advance not cause of war, 154-5, 185, 457, 471;
war begun by Mexico, 155, 190, =2.= 311-2;
her grief for first battles, =1.= 179;
Polk's Message, 181, 470;
war bill in Congress, 182-3, 471-3;
quick peace expected, 184, 471;
political considerations, Benton, 184-5, 471;
Calhoun's opposition, 185-7, 472;
existence of legal war, 186-7, 472;
causes, 187-90, 326, 471, 473, 526, =2.= 284, 310-1, 508-9;
proclamation, =1.= 191, 474;
raising of army, 190-6, 445;
selection of commander, 196-8, 200;
Polk and Scott's plans, Scott's relegation, 198-200, 476-8;
and Oregon question, 200, 458, 478;
negotiations with Santa Anna, 201-3, 478-9;
Mexican preparations and declaration, 212, 222-3, 484, 488;
effect of Rio Grande campaign on Mexicans, 213;
overthrow of Paredes, 214-22, 485;
Santa Anna's policy to command army only, 222-4;
error of short-war policy, 347;
popularity, =2.= 268;
Whig inconsistency on, 276-7;
Webster on pretexts, 279, 494;
Buchanan's diplomatic circular on, 297;
British attitude, 299-300;
French attitude, 300, 503;
Polk's alleged inconsistencies on causes, 491;
as result of lack of preparedness, 509.
_See also_ Preparation; Rio Grande campaign.

Owens, S. C., in Doniphan's expedition, =1.= 303;
at battle of Sacramento, killed, 311.

Pacheco, F., at Buena Vista, =1.= 389-91.

Pacheco, J. R., and peace negotiations, =2.= 133, 137, 393, 396.

Pachuca, occupied, =2.= 184, 433;
under American rule, 460.

Pacific squadron, vessels during the war, =2.= 189, 447.
_See also_ Shubrick; Sloat; Stockton.

Padierna, battle of.
_See_ Contreras.

Pageot, A. J. Y., French minister at Washington, reports cited
_passim_.

Pakenham, Richard, British minister at Mexico and Washington, and
expulsion of Americans, =1.= 72, 423;
and American claims against Mexico, 79, 81, 431;
on chances of expected war, 107, 109;
warning against slavery expansion, 114;
on California, 320, 322;
on growing distaste for war, 347;
on Polk's dilemma, 349;
on plan against Vera Cruz, 350;
on Santa Anna's rule, 415;
on Mexican treatment of Poinsett, 417;
on Monterey armistice, 502;
on march to Mexico City, =2.= 37;
on desire for peace, 123, 126;
on American war finances, 260, 482;
and mediation, 301, 504.

Palmasola fort near Tuxpán, =2.= 202.

Palmerston, Viscount, and Mexican privateering, =2.= 192;
offers mediation, 301, 504;
and California, 302;
and Guizot, 304;
and American victories, 305;
and interposition, 306;
and absorption of Mexico, 309.

Palmetto Regiment, in Vera Cruz expedition, =1.= 368;
call, 537;
in march to Puebla, =2.= 69;
in Scott's army, 78, 343;
at Churubusco, 117, 384;
at Chapultepec, 157;
at Belén garita, 160, 412;
in Alvarado expedition, 344.

Palo Alto, battle of, American force, =1.= 163;
American line, 164;
map, 164;
Mexican advance and position, 164-5;
Mexican force, 165;
artillery, 165, 465;
Torrejón's attack and repulse, 166-7;
American movement on right, 167-8;
defeat of Mexican right, 168-9;
losses, 169, 466;
Mexican retreat, 169.
_See also_ Rio Grande campaign.

Palo Alto, Camp, =1.= 480.

Pánuco expedition, =1.= 281.

Pareda, J. N., and privateering, =2.= 192.

Paredes y Arrillaga, Mariano, revolt (1841), =1.= 50;
revolt against Santa Anna (1844), 52, 53;
and Herrera's rule, 55, 56;
and monarchy, 90, 214;
revolt (1845), 95, 98-9, 438;
as temporary President, 100;
hostility toward United States, 100;
and Slidell, 100, 439;
and the war, 104, 155, 190, 452, =2.= 66;
revolt and American opinion, =1.= 120;
effect of Rio Grande campaign on, 180, 470;
on cause of the war, 189, 457, 474;
his policy, 212;
cuts off consuls, 212, 484;
elected President, 212;
war proclamation, 213;
and plans to take command, 214-5, 217;
difficulties, 214-6, 485;
combination against, 216;
overthrow, 217, 485;
and California, 329, 522-4, =2.= 302;
and artillery, =1.= 462;
exiled, 485;
supposed desire for peace, =2.= 122;
combination against Santa Anna (1847), 134, 137;
subsides, 242;
return, 306, 395.

Paredes, Fort, constructed, =1.= 158.

Paris _Constitutionnel_, on chances of expected war, =1.= 105, 110,
113;
on California, 325;
on three-million fund, =2.= 126;
on clergy and repeal of law of Jan. 11, 332;
criticism of military operations, 507.

Paris _Correspondant_, sympathy with Mexico, =1.= 112;
on Mexican church, 408;
pessimism on peace prospects, =2.= 235;
on outbreak of war, 300.

Paris _Epoque_, and interposition, =2.= 304.

Paris _Globe_, on chances of expected war, =1.= 108.

Paris _National_, on Guizot's American policy, =2.= 296;
on outbreak of war, 300;
on England and war, 304.

Paris _Portefeuille_, and neutrality, =2.= 304.

Parish, Elijah, on War of 1812, =2.= 280, 494.

Parker, Theodore, on Taylor at Buena Vista, =1.= 559;
on conduct of the war, =2.= 324.

Parker, W. A., _Creole_ exploit, =2.= 444.

Parras, gathering of Wool's force at San Antonio, =1.= 267-70;
his advance to Parras, 270-5;
aspect, 275;
Comanche raid, 521;
American rule, =2.= 230;
outrages at, 450.

Parrodi, Anastasio, at Tampico, =1.= 278, 511;
at Tula, 553;
command in Army of the North, =2.= 369.

Parrott, John, American consul at Mazatlán, and T. A. C. Jones,
=1.= 69;
on California, 522;
on Scott, =2.= 316, 317;
and Sloat, 333;
and American funds in Mexico, 488.

Parrott, W. S., American consul and confidential agent in Mexico,
=1.= 88, 89, 93, 94, 133, 434, 435;
and advance to Rio Grande, 152;
and Sloat, 333;
claim, 426, 430;
on British control of Mexico, 443.

Parsons, M. M., in battle of Sacramento, =1.= 309, 311, 312.

Paso. _See_ El Paso.

Patria battalion, at Chapultepec, =2.= 408.

_Patriota Mexicano_, on Slidell mission, =1.= 436.

Patronage, as Polk's resource, =2.= 270.

Patten, G. W., on Scott at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 56.

Patterson, Robert, and Tamaulipas, =1.= 263;
and securing of Tampico, 281, 512;
and command of Vera Cruz expedition, 351;
march to Victoria, 360, 542, 543;
as general, 361;
and Pillow, 361;
march to Tampico, 365-6;
at Lobos Islands, 368;
command on Rio Grande, 493;
distribution of force (Oct.), 506;
career, 507;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 26, 343;
before Cerro Gordo, and plan to assault, 49;
and the battle, 58, 354;
takes time-expired men home, 64, 357;
return to Mexico, 184;
at Jalapa, 354;
and Jarauta, 421;
retained in service, 432;
division at San Angel, 461;
leaves Mexico City, 476;
on West Pointers, 513.

Patterson, Camp, =1.= 480.

Paul, G. R., at Chapultepec, =2.= 410.

Paulding, J. K., on Polk, =2.= 270.

Paz, occupied, counter attacks, =2.= 208, 448, 449.

Peace, speedy, expected, =1.= 184, 471;
Polk's suggested terms to Santa Anna (1846), 202, 471;
Santa Anna and, after return, 221, 487;
mistake in expecting speedy, 347;
Mexican law forbidding negotiations, =2.= 81, 130, 135, 367, 389,
393;
Scott's halt after Churubusco, 121, 386, 393;
attitude of Polk and Buchanan, 121;
supposed favorable Mexican attitude (1846), 122;
rejection of Buchanan's advances (1846), 122, 386;
three million fund and bribery, 123, 126, 387;
general American desire, 123;
Atocha's mission, 123-4, 126, 387;
reasons for Mexican obstinacy, 124-6;
problem of ignoring Slidell, 126;
appointment of Trist, his character, 127;
his preconceived attitude toward Scott, 127;
Trist's papers, 128;
Trist-Scott misunderstanding and quarrel, 128-9, 389;
Bankhead as mediator for Trist, 129, 390;
controversy over receiving Buchanan's communication, 130-3, 390;
Scott-Trist reconciliation, 130, 392;
question of douceur, 131-2, 390-1;
Puebla negotiations, 132, 391, 393;
Scott's military proposal to facilitate, 133, 393;
Mexican overtures after Churubusco, 133;
armistice, 133, 394-6;
negotiations during armistice (1847): Santa Anna's attitude, 135;
his terms and instructions, neutral region east of Rio Grande, 135,
396, 398;
Mexican commissioners, 135;
Trist's terms, deadlock, 135;
Santa Anna's dilemma, 136-7, 398;
counter-projet, failure, effect, 138-9, 399;
chronology of negotiations (1847), 396;
Santa Anna and foreign support, 397;
---- Arguments against, after fall of capital, 233, 470;
attitude of Eventualists and other war factions, 234, 463;
and governmental chaos, 234;
American pessimism, 235, 463;
Peña's determination to negotiate, 235, 463;
Trist reopens negotiations by reply to counter-projet, 235, 463;
party success in Presidential election, 236;
state discussion, 236, 464;
abortive insurrection of war party, 236, 464;
support of Mexican Congress, 236;
recall of Trist, 236, 464;
intention to harden American terms, 237, 244, 464, 474;
Trist ignores recall, 237-8, 465, 467;
his boundary ultimatum, 238;
further retardation, 238, 465;
Mexican commissioners, 239;
secret meetings, propositions, 239, 460;
delays, need of haste, de facto truce, 239;
insurrection threatens disruption, Scott's promise of protection,
240, 466;
treaty secretly signed, 240, 467;
terms, surrender of conquered territory to Mexico, 240, 467-70, 473;
map, 241;
armistice, 242, 471;
plan for absorption of Mexico, 243-4, 309;
Polk and treaty, his dilemma, 244-6, 471-2;
treaty in Senate, 246-7, 472-3;
amendment there, 247, 473;
ratification commissioners, 248-9, 473;
Mexican opposition to acceptance, 249, 250;
arguments in favor, 249-51, 474;
ratification by Mexican Congress, 250, 474;
exchange of ratifications, 251, 474;
misunderstandings, 251, 475;
evacuation of Mexican territory, 251-2, 475-6;
American opposition to annexations, 274;
British offer of mediation, 301, 368, 503-4;
reception of treaty in Europe, 308-9;
justice and liberality, 322-3;
Mexican cordiality, 323;
effect in Europe, 323;
explanatory protocol, 475;
Spain and mediation, 503;
Mexico and British guaranty of treaty, 508.

Pedraza, Manuel Gómez, character, elected President, =1.= 40;
overthrow, 41;
restored by Santa Anna, 44-5;
as Federalist leader, 48;
and Butler, 62;
Paredes courts, 215;
and Santa Anna (1846), 224;
as leader of Moderados, =2.= 2, 4;
and clerical revolt, 14, 330;
and peace negotiations, 132, 466.

Pedregal near Contreras, =2.= 101, 104.

Peel, Sir Robert, and California, =2.= 302.

Peña fort near Tuxpán, =2.= 202, 203.

Peña y Barragán, M. de la, and revolt, =2.= 12, 13;
at San Cosme garita, 161, 162.

Peña y Peña, Manuel de la, character, =1.= 26, =2.= 180, 427;
and renewal of American intercourse, =1.= 91-4, 435;
and Slidell mission, 96, 97, 437;
on Texas and war, 457;
as Executive (1847), =2.= 180, 427, 428;
eliminates Santa Anna, 181, 428;
determines to re-open peace negotiations, 235;
Congress upholds, 235;
and recall of Trist, 237, 465;
and renewal of negotiations, 238;
resumes administration, 240, 466;
and insurrection and negotiations, 240, 466;
and treaty before Congress, 250, 474;
at exchange of ratifications, 251;
on European interposition, 506.

Pennsylvania, and tariff of 1846, =2.= 273.
_See also_ next title.

Pennsylvania troops, in Vera Cruz expedition, =1.= 368, =2.= 343;
calls, =1.= 537, =2.= 364, 430;
at Cerro Gordo, 56, 57, 353;
in Scott's army, 78;
at Chapultepec, 157;
at Puebla, 174;
at Huamantla, 425, 426;
in Lane's guerilla operations, 426;
at Jalapa, 361, 433.

Peñón Viejo.
_See_ Old Peñón.

Pensions, Mexican War, =2.= 490.

Peñúñuri, F., at Churubusco, =2.= 382.

Peonage, not displaced by slavery, =1.= 188.

People.
_See_ Population.

Perdigón Garay, J. G., at Belén garita, =2.= 159, 160.

Pérez, F., at Buena Vista, =1.= 393-5, 559;
at Coyoacán, =2.= 101;
at Contreras, 105, 379;
at Churubusco, 110;
at Casa Mata, 142, 145;
brigade, 369.

Perote, castle of, occupied by Worth, =2.= 61;
American garrison, 65, 74, 361, 362;
and relief of Puebla, 176, 425.

Perry, M. C., in occupation of Tampico, =1.= 280;
and reinforcements for it, 281, 512, 513;
Taylor on, 352;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 30, 36, 339, 340;
Tabasco expeditions, 199-200, 204-5, 443, 445;
Yucatan operations, 201, 204, 443;
supersedes Conner, 201-2;
character as officer, 202;
capture of Tuxpán, 202-3, 444;
operations at small ports, 203, 445;
Alvarado expedition, 344-5;
squadron, distribution, 442, 444-6;
and attack on Ulúa, 444.

_Perry_, damaged, =2.= 449.

_Petrel_, in occupation of Tampico, =1.= 279, 281;
at siege of Vera Cruz, =2.= 388;
added to navy, 438;
in Home Squadron, 442, 446;
in attack on Tuxpán, 444.

_Petrita_, at Vera Cruz, =2.= 23, 336;
in Tabasco expedition, 199;
in Home Squadron, 446.

Philadelphia, enlistments, =1.= 195.

Philadelphia _North American_, on tariff of 1846, =2.= 257;
and the war, 268, 275;
on war and extension of slavery, 492.

Philadelphia _Public Ledger_, on speeches in Congress, =2.= 284.

Physical aspect, general, of Mexico, =1.= 1-3, 16;
of Corpus Christi, 143;
between there and Rio Grande, 146;
of camps near Rio Grande, 205-7;
of Camargo, 211;
of Cerralvo. 229;
beyond Cerralvo, 236, 496;
of Monterey, 257, =2.= 212;
between Monterey and Saltillo, =1.= 265;
between the Rio Grande and Monclova, 272;
of Monclova, 273;
of Parras, 275;
of Tampico, 276, 280, =2.= 214;
of Raton Pass, =1.= 291;
of Santa Fe, 296;
of Jornada del Muerto, 300;
of El Paso, 300, 302;
between El Paso and Chihuahua, 304;
at Sacramento River, 308;
of Monterey, Cal., 334;
between Monterey, Mex., and Victoria, 357-9;
between Matamoros and Victoria, 360;
between Victoria and Tampico, 366;
between Saltillo and Agua Nueva, 373;
between San Luis Potosí and Encarnación, 380, 553;
of Buena Vista field, 385;
view on approaching Antón Lizardo, =2.= 18;
of Vera Cruz, 18-9, 34-5, 221-2;
along highway from Perote to puente nacional, 39;
of Cerro Gordo, 42-5, 347;
of national highway between Vera Cruz and Cerro Gordo, 46-8;
of Jalapa, 59, 223;
between Jalapa and Perote, 60-1;
between Perote and Puebla, 69;
of Puebla, 71, 178;
between Puebla and Valley of Mexico, 92-3;
of the Valley, 94, 119, 138, 158;
of the routes across it, 95-7;
of Santa Anna's southern line, 99, 102, 374;
of Contreras field, 101, 103, 375;
of Churubusco, 111;
of Tacubaya, 138, 400;
of Molino del Rey, 140;
of western and southern approaches to Mexico City, 147;
of Chapultepec, 150-2, 405-6;
between Vera Cruz and Orizaba, 184-5;
coast storms, 194;
of San Juan Bautista, 200;
of Tuxpán, 202-3;
of Mazatlán, 206;
of Orizaba, 222;
of Mexico City, 228.

Pickett, G. E., at Chapultepec, =2.= 157.

Pico, Andrés, battle of San Pascual, =1.= 341, 342, 534;
succeeds Flores, 345;
capitulation, 345.

Pico, Jesús, and Frémont, =1.= 345.

Pico, Pio, as governor of California, =1.= 319;
character, 328;
British partisan, 328, 333, 531;
civil war with Castro, 329;
and American occupation, 335, 337, 530.

Pierce, Franklin, on war enthusiasm, =1.= 442;
reinforcements for Scott, =2.= 77, 171;
brigade in Scott's army, 78, 363;
brigade at Contreras, 104, 378;
and at Churubusco, 115-7, 384;
and plan of attack on Mexico City, 149, 408;
armistice commissioner, 394;
and Molino del Rey, 403;
and battles before Mexico, 415;
leaves Mexico, 438.

Pillow, G. J., as political general, character, =1.= 208, 361, 367,
543, 546, =2.= 185-6, 433;
and Polk, =1.= 367, =2.= 128, 186, 510;
joins Scott's headquarters, =1.= 367;
on Ripley's book, 405;
at Brazos, 476;
on Taylor's confidence, 492;
left at Camargo, 493;
on Taylor and Vera Cruz expedition, 536;
on Taylor and administration, 538;
brigade at Vera Cruz, =2.= 27;
before Cerro Gordo, 49;
in the battle, 56-8, 352-3;
censures on Scott to Polk, 74;
absence, return as major general, 77, 357;
division, 77;
in advance from Puebla, 93, 371;
at Contreras, 103-5, 376, 378, 380;
at Churubusco, 110, 385;
force after the battle, 120;
and armistice, 134, 395;
advance after armistice, 142, 400;
at Chapultepec, 152, 153, 156, 409;
misgivings there, 153;
division in advance on Belén garita, 159;
cabal against Scott, Leonidas letter, 187, 435;
Scott's charges against, and arrest, 188, 437;
Polk rescues, 188;
and the recalling of Trist, 236;
intrigue against Scott and Presidential ambition, 376;
opinion of good officers, 377;
ascendancy over Scott, 378;
and douceur, 391;
and plan of attack on Mexico City, 408;
leaves Mexico, 438.

Pineda, Manuel, attack on La Paz, =2.= 449.

Pino, Manuel, force to resist Kearny, =1.= 293, 294.

"Pintos," in Alvarez's force, =2.= 369.

Pinzón, Luis, at Cerro Gordo, =2.= 44, 51.

Plan del Rió, as defensive point, =2.= 40, 42;
Scott's advance at, 48.

Plana mayor, Mexican, =1.= 156.

Plateau, central, of Mexico, =1.= 1-2.

_Plebeian_, on war and expansion, =1.= 444.

Poblana market girls, =2.= 71.

Poinsett, J. R., treatment as minister at Mexico, =1.= 58-9, 417;
boundary and Texas negotiations, 59-60, 418;
commercial negotiations, 61, 419;
recall demanded, 62;
on Mexican agriculture, 410;
on Mexican cavalry, 440;
on American army, 451;
on Trist mission, =2.= 390.

Point Isabel, occupied by Taylor, =1.= 146, 148;
as base, Taylor and line of communication, 160-1, 463;
Taylor's hurried march to, 163;
as camp, 205;
Mexican customhouse, 452;
navy at, 466, =2.= 197;
troops left at, =1.= 493.

Police, in occupied territory, =2.= 213, 215, 229, 450, 452.

Politics, in choice of a commander, =1.= 197, 199-200;
in Vera Cruz expedition, 356, 363, 368, 539, 544;
influence on war operations, 545.
_See also_ Congress; Democratic; Government, Mexican; Opposition;
Polk, J. K.; President of United States; Whig.

Polk, J. K., efforts to restore intercourse with Mexico, =1.= 88-91;
Slidell mission, 94-5, 98, 100, 133, 436, 447;
alleged desire for war, 127-8, 445-6, 478;
diary, 128;
character, 128-30, 447, =2.= 270-1, 314-5, 510;
disproof of desire for war, =1.= 130-4, 150, 326, 447, 526;
and Oregon, 130, 137, 200-1, 478;
and Scott, 130, 354, =2.= 75, 188, 436, 511;
intolerable conditions facing, =1.= 134-7;
peaceful intent and advance to Rio Grande, 151-5, 456-61;
war Message, 181, 470;
expects quick peace, 184, 471;
and slavery and the war, 188;
war proclamation, 191, 474;
and volunteering, 191, 193;
and selection of commanding officer, 196, 198, 200, 202, 476;
and Taylor, 196, 352-3, 507, 538, 544, 547;
alarm over Rio Grande conditions, 198, 476;
and Scott's war policy, clash, 199-200, 477;
negotiations with Santa Anna, 201-3, 471, 478-9, =2.= 491, 493;
and terms at Monterey, =1.= 260, 263, 505;
war programme, occupation of territory, 262, 266-7, 350-1, =2.= 273,
492;
and Tampico, =1.= 278;
and defensive-line policy dilemma, 283, 348;
and New Mexico, 286;
and California, 325, 326, 332, 526, =2.= 514;
selection of commander for Vera Cruz expedition, =1.= 351-4;
and plans and responsibility for Scott's expedition, 356, 540, 541,
=2.= 343;
and insubordination of Harney, =1.= 365, 545;
Pillow's influence with, 367, 547, =2.= 128, 186, 510;
and Texan boundary, =1.= 449;
and Doniphan's expedition, 517;
and Ten Regiment Bill, =2.= 74, 76;
and commanding generalcy for Benton, 75, 365;
and seekers for army office, 76;
desire for peace negotiations, 121;
and rejection of overtures (1846), 123, 387;
three million fund, 123, 387;
effect of policy on Mexican obduracy, 126;
problem of ignoring Slidell, 126;
appointment of Trist as agent, 127;
and failure of negotiations (1847), 138, 399;
and cabal against Scott, 185-8, 438;
on privateering, 192;
and puppet government for Mexico, 235;
recalls Trist, 236, 237, 464;
and absorption of Mexico, 244;
and the treaty, dilemma, 244-6, 471;
appointment of ratification commissioners, 248-9, 473;
and tariff, 257;
and war loans, 259, 260, 264, 482;
and tariff for Mexican ports, 261, 262;
and levies on Mexicans, 264, 486;
public and party attitude toward, 269, 271, 282, 291;
Cabinet, 269, 282;
and patronage, 270, 283;
and New York politics, 270, 491;
effect of Oregon policy on, 271, 281;
and of river and harbor veto, 271, 281;
and of attitude toward Taylor and Scott, 272;
and of Texas, 272;
and of unfavorable war conditions, 272;
and of fiscal policy, 273, 281;
Whig jibes, 275-6;
inconsistency of Whig criticism, 276-80, 493;
and Whig encouragement of enemy, 281;
character of Congressional attacks on policy, 284-6, 289;
continuation of baiting, 291, 500;
hampering of policy, 292;
injustice of condemnation, 293;
reassertion of Monroe Doctrine, 295;
on France and Texas, 295, 501;
British on, 300;
and British mediation, 301, 504;
achievement, 314-5, 510;
and Trist-Scott quarrel, 389;
and douceur, 391;
and armistice, 393;
and mutiny at Buena Vista, 418;
and Hays's regiment, 423;
further call for volunteers, 431;
and trial of Frémont, 454;
and Yucatan, 472;
Message (1847) on pushing the war, 474;
and Lower California, 476;
alleged war inconsistencies, 491;
and policy of annexations, 502.

Polk, Fort, =1.= 205.

Polko revolt, =2.= 12-14, 330-2, 334.

Polko battalions, formation, =2.= 3, 13;
at Churubusco, 111.

Poll tax, question of Mexican, =2.= 328.

Pommarès, ----, Conner's agent, =1.= 478.

Ponce de León, Antonio, Brazito affair, =1.= 301-2, 518;
in battle of Sacramento, 310.

Popocatepetl, Mount, aspect, =2.= 92, 93.