Chapter XII: Book I: The escape from Troy; Æneas and his son, driven by a tempest (11)

Edward I. confined the countess of Buchan in an iron cage, for placing the crown of Scotland on the head of Bruce. This cage was erected on one of the towers of Berwick Castle, where the countess was exposed to the rigor of the elements and the gaze of passers-by. One of the sisters of Bruce was similarly dealt with.

Louis XI. confined cardinal Balue (grand-almoner of France) for ten years in an iron cage in the castle of Loches [_Losh_].

Tamerlane enclosed the sultan Bajazet in an iron cage, and made of him a public show. So says D'Herbelot.

An iron cage was made by Timour's command,
composed on every side of iron gratings, through
which the captive sultan [Bajazet] could be seen
in any direction. He travelled in this den slung
between two horses.--Leunclavius.

CAGLIOS´TRO (_Count de_), the assumed name of Joseph Balsamo (1743-1795).

CAIN AND ABEL are called in the _Korân_ "Kâbil and Hâbil." The tradition is that Cain was commanded to marry Abel's sister, and Abel to marry Cain's, but Cain demurred because his own sister was the more beautiful, and so the matter was referred to God, and God answered "No" by rejecting Cain's sacrifice.

The Mohammedans also say that Cain carried about with him the dead body of Abel till he saw a raven scratch a hole in the ground to bury a dead bird. The hint was taken, and Abel was buried under ground.--Sale's _Koran_, v. (notes).

CAIR´BAR, son of Borbar-Duthul, "lord of Atha" (Connaught), the most potent of the race of the Fir-bolg. He rose in rebellion against Cormac "king of Ireland," murdered him (_Temora_, i.), and usurped the throne; but Fingal (who was distantly related to Cormac) went to Ireland with an army, to restore the ancient dynasty. Cairbar invited Oscar (Fingal's grandson) to a feast, and Oscar accepted the invitation, but Cairbar having provoked a quarrel with his guest, the two fought, and both were slain.

"Thy heart is a rock. Thy thoughts are dark
and bloody. Thou art the brother of Cathmor
... but my soul is not like thine, thou feeble
hand in fight. The light of my bosom is stained
by thy deeds."--Ossian, _Temora_, i.

CAIR´BRE (_2 syl._), sometimes called Cair´bar, third king of Ireland, of the Caledonian line. (There was also a Cairbar, "lord of Atha," a Fir-bolg, quite a different person.)

The Caledonian line ran thus: (1) Conar, first "king of Ireland;" (2) Cormac I., his son; (3) Cairbre, his son; (4) Artho, his son; (5) Cormac II., his son; (6) Ferad-Artho, his cousin.--Ossian.

CAI´US (2 _syl._), the assumed name of the earl of Kent when he attended on king Lear, after Goneril and Re´gan refused to entertain their aged father with his suite.--Shakespeare, _King Lear_ (1605).

_Cai´us_ (_Dr._), a French physician, whose servants are Rugby and Mrs. Quickly.--Shakespeare, _Merry Wives of Windsor_ (1601).

The clipped English of Dr. Cains.--Macau lay.

CALANDRI´NO, a character in the _Decameron_, whose "misfortunes have made all Europe merry for four centuries."--Boccaccio, _Decameron_, viii. 9 (1350).

CALAN´THA, princess of Sparta, loved by Ith´oclês. Ithoclês induces his sister, Penthe´a, to break the matter to the princess. This she does; the princess is won to requite his love, and the king consents to the union. During a grand court ceremony Calantha is informed of the sudden death of her father, another announces to her that Penthea had starved herself to death from hatred to Bass´anês, and a third follows to tell her that Ithoclês, her betrothed husband, has been murdered. Calantha bates no jot of the ceremony, but continues the dance even to the bitter end. The coronation ensues, but scarcely is the ceremony over than she can support the strain no longer, and, broken-hearted, she falls dead.--John Ford, _The Broken Heart_ (1633).

CALAN'THE (3 _syl._), the betrothed wife of Pyth'ias the Syracusian.--J. Banim, _Damon and Pythias_ (1825).

CAL'CULATOR (_The_). Alfragan the Arabian astronomer was so called (died A.D. 820). Jedediah Buxton, of Elmeton, in Derbyshire, was also called "The Calculator" (1705-1775). George Bidder, Zerah Colburn, and a girl named Heywood (whose father was a Mile End weaver) all exhibited their calculating powers in public.

Pascal, in 1642, made a calculating machine, which was improved by Leibnitz. C. Babbage also invented a calculating machine (1790-1871).

CAL'DERON (_Don Pedro_), a Spanish poet born at Madrid (1600-1681). At the age of fifty-two he became an ecclesiastic, and composed religious poetry only. Altogether he wrote about 1000 dramatic pieces.

Her memory was a mine. She knew by heart
All Cal'deron and greater part of Lopé.
Byron, _Don Juan_, i. 11 (1819).

"Lope," that is Lopê de Vega, the Spanish poet (1562-1635).

CALEB, the enchantress who carried off St. George in infancy.

_Ca'leb_, in Dryden's satire of _Absalom and Achitophel_, is meant for lord Grey of Wark, in Northumberland, an adherent of the duke of Monmouth.

And, therefore, in the name of dulness be
The well-hung Balaam and cold Caleb free.
Part i.

"Balaam" is the earl of Huntingdon.

CA'LED, commander-in-chief of the Arabs in the siege of Damascus. He is brave, fierce, and revengeful. War is his delight. When Pho'cyas, the Syrian, deserts Eu'menês, Caled asks him to point out the governor's tent; he refuses; they fight, and Caled falls.--John Hughes, _Siege of Damascus_ (1720).

CALEDO´NIANS, Gauls from France who colonized south Britain, whence they journeyed to Inverness and Ross. The word is compounded of two Celtic words, _Cael_ ("Gaul" or "Celt") and _don_ or _dun_ ("a hill"), so that Cael-don means "Celts of the highlands."

The Highlanders to this day call themselves
"_Cael_" and their language "_Caelic_" or "_Gaelic_"
and their country "_Caeldock_" which the Romans
softened into Caledonia.--_Dissertation on the
Poems of Ossian_.

CA´LENDERS, a class of Mohammedans who abandoned father and mother, wife and children, relations and possessions, to wander through the world as religious devotees, living on the bounty of those whom they made their dupes.--D'Herbelot, _Supplement_, 204.

He diverted himself with the multitude of calenders,
santons, and dervises, who had travelled
from the heart of India, and halted on their way
with the emir.--W. Beckford, _Vathek_ (1786).

_The Three Calenders_, three royal princes, disguised as begging dervishes, each of whom had lost his right eye. Their adventures form three tales in the _Arabian Nights' Entertainments_.

_Tale of the First Calender_. No names are given. This calender was the son of a king, and nephew of another king. While on a visit to his uncle his father died, and the vizier usurped the throne. When the prince returned, he was seized, and the usurper pulled out his right eye. The uncle died, and the usurping vizier made himself master of this kingdom also. So the hapless young prince assumed the garb of a calender, wandered to Baghdad, and being received into the house of "the three sisters," told his tale in the hearing of the caliph Haroun-al-Raschid.--_The Arabian Nights_.

_Tale of the Second Calender._ No names given. This calender, like the first, was the son of a king. On his way to India he was attacked by robbers, and though he contrived to escape, he lost all his effects. In his flight he came to a large city, where he encountered a tailor, who gave him food and lodging. In order to earn a living, he turned woodman for the nonce, and accidentally discovered an underground palace, in which lived a beautiful lady, confined there by an evil genius. With a view of liberating her, he kicked down the talisman, when the genius appeared, killed the lady, and turned the prince into an ape. As an ape he was taken on board ship, and transported to a large commercial city, where his penmanship recommended him to the sultan, who made him his vizier. The sultan's daughter undertook to disenchant him and restore him to his proper form; but to accomplish this she had to fight with the malignant genius. She succeeded in killing the genius, and restoring the enchanted prince; but received such severe injuries in the struggle that she died, and a spark of fire which flew into the right eye of the prince destroyed it. The sultan was so heart-broken at the death of his only child, that he insisted on the prince quitting the kingdom without delay. So he assumed the garb of a calender, and being received into the hospitable house of "the three sisters," told his tale in the hearing of the caliph Haroun-al-Raschid.--_The Arabian Nights_.

_Tale of the Third Calender._ This tale is given under the word AGIB.

* * * * *

"I am called Agib," he says, "and am the son
of a king whose name was Cassib."--_Arabian
Nights_.

CALEPINE (_Sir_), the knight attached to Sere´na (canto 3). Seeing a bear carrying off a child, he attacked it, and squeezed it to death, then committed the babe to the care of Matilde, wife of sir Bruin. As Matilde had no child of her own, she adopted it (canto 4).--Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, vi. (1596).

Upton says, "the child" in this incident is meant for M'Mahon, of Ireland, and that "Mac Mahon" means the "son of a bear." He furthermore says that the M'Mahons were descended from the Fitz-Ursulas, a noble English family.

CA´LES (_2 syl._). So gipsies call themselves.

Beltran Cruzado, count of the Cales.
Longfellow, _The Spanish Student_.

CALF-SKIN. Fools and jesters used to wear a calf-skin coat buttoned down the back, and hence Faulconbridge says insolently to the arch-duke of Austria, who had acted very basely towards Richard Lion-heart:

Thou wear a lion's hide! doff it for shame,
And hang a calf-skin on those recreant limbs.
Shakespeare, _King John_, act ii. sc. I (1596).

CAL´IANAX, a humorous old lord, father of Aspatia, the troth-plight wife of Amin´tor. It is the death of Aspatia which gives name to the drama.--Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Maid's Tragedy_ (1610).

CALIBAN, a savage, deformed slave of Prospero (the rightful duke of Milan and father of Miranda). Caliban is the "freckled whelp" of the witch Syc´orax. Mrs. Shelley's "Frankenstein" is a sort of Caliban.--Shakespeare, _The Tempest_ (1609).

"Caliban" ... is all earth ... he has the
dawnings of understanding without reason or the
moral sense ... this advance to the intellectual
faculties without the moral sense is marked by
the appearance of vice.--Coleridge.

CAL´IBURN, same as _Excalibur_, the famous sword of king Arthur.

Onward Arthur paced, with hand
On Caliburn's resistless brand.
Sir W. Scott, _Bridal of Triermain_ (1813).

Arthur ... drew out his Caliburn, and ...
rushed forward with great fury into the thickest
of the enemy's ranks ... nor did he give over
the fury of his assault till he had, with his Caliburn,
killed 470 men.--Geoffrey, _British History_,
ix. 4 (1142).

CAL´IDORE (_Sir_), the type of courtesy, and the hero of the sixth book of Spenser's _Faëry Queen_. The model of this character was sir Philip Sidney. Sir Calidore (3 _syl._) starts in quest of the Blatant Beast, which had escaped from sir Artegal (bk. v. 12). He first compels the lady Bria´na to discontinue her discourteous toll of "the locks of ladies and the beards of knights" (canto 1). Sir Calidore falls in love with Pastorella, a shepherdess, dresses like a shepherd, and assists his lady-love in keeping sheep. Pastorella being taken captive by brigands, sir Calidore rescues her, and leaves her at Belgard Castle to be taken care of, while he goes in quest of the Blatant Beast. He finds the monster after a time, by the havoc it had made with religious houses, and after an obstinate fight succeeds in muzzling it, and dragging it in chains after him, but it got loose again, as it did before (canto 12).--Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, vi. (1596).

Sir Gawain was the "Calidore" of the Round
Table.--Southey.

"Pastorella" is Frances Walsingham (daughter of sir Francis), whom sir Philip Sidney married. After the death of sir Philip she married the earl of Essex. The "Blatant Beast" is what we now call "Mrs. Grundy."

CALIG´ORANT, an Egyptian giant and cannibal, who used to entrap travellers with an invisible net. It was the very same net that Vulcan made to catch Mars and Venus with. Mercury stole it for the purpose of entrapping Chloris, and left it in the temple of Anu´bis, whence it was stolen by Caligorant. One day Astolpho, by a blast of his magic horn, so frightened the giant that he got entangled in his own net, and being made captive was despoiled of it.--Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

CALI´NO, a famous French utterer of bulls.

CALIP´OLIS, in _The Battle of Alcazar_, a drama by George Peele (1582). Pistol says to Mistress Quickly:

"Then feed and be fat, my fair Calipolis."--
Shakespeare, 2 _Henry IV._ act ii. sc 4 (1598).

CAL´IS (_The princess_), sister of As´torax, king of Paphos, in love with Polydore, brother of general Memnon, but loved greatly by Siphax.--Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Mad Lover_ (1617).

CALIS´TA, the fierce and haughty daughter of Sciol´to (_3 syl._), a proud Genoese nobleman. She yielded to the seduction of Lotha´rio, but engaged to marry Al´tamont, a young lord who loved her dearly. On the wedding-day a letter was picked up which proved her guilt, and she was subsequently seen by Altamont conversing with Lothario. A duel ensued, in which Lothario fell; in a street row Sciolto received his death-wound, and Calista stabbed herself. The character of "Calista" was one of the parts of Mrs. Siddons, and also of Miss Brunton.--N. Rowe, _The Fair Penitent_ (1703).

Richardson has given a purity and sanctity to the sorrows of his "Clarissa" which leave "Calista" immeasurably behind.--R. Chambers, _English Literature_, i. 590.

Twelve years after Norris's death, Mrs. Barry was acting the character of "Calista." In the last act, where "Calista" lays her hand upon a skull, she [_Mrs. Barry_] was suddenly seized with a shuddering, and fainted. Next day she asked whence the skull had been obtained, and was told it was "the skull of Mr. Norris, an actor." This Norris was her former husband, and so great was the shock that she died within six weeks.--Oxberry.

CALIS'TO AND AR'CAS. Calisto, an Arcadian nymph, was changed into a she-bear. Her son Arcas, supposing the bear to be an ordinary beast, was about to shoot it, when Jupiter metamorphosed him into a he-bear. Both were taken to heaven by Jupiter, and became the constellations _Ursa Minor_ and _Ursa Major_.

CALL'AGHAN O'BRALL'AGHAN (_Sir_), "a wild Irish soldier in the Prussian army. His military humor makes one fancy he was not only born in a siege, but that Bellona had been his nurse, Mars his schoolmaster, and the Furies his playfellows" (act i. 1). He is the successful suitor of Charlotte Goodchild.--C. Macklin, _Love à la mode_ (1779).

CALLET, a _fille publique_. Brantôme says a _calle_ or _calotte_ is "a cap," hence the phrase, _Plattes comme des calles_. Ben Jonson, in his _Magnetick Lady_, speaks of "wearing the callet, the politic hood."

Des filles du peuple et de la campagne s'appellant _çalles_, à cause de la "cale" qui leur servait de coiffure.--Francisque Michel.

En sa tête avoit un gros bonnet blanc, qui l'on appelle une _calle_, et nous autres appelons _calotte_, ou bonnette blanche de lagne, nouée ou bridée par dessous le menton.--Brantôme, _Vies des Dames Illustres_.

A beggar in his drink
Could not have laid such terms upon his callet.

Shakespeare, _Othello_, act iv. sc. 2 (1611).

CALLIM'ACHUS (_The Italian_), Filippo Buonaccorsi (1437-1496).

CALLIR'RHOE (4 _syl._), the lady-love of Chae'reas, in a Greek romance entitled _The Loves of Choreas and Callirrhoê_, by Char'iton (eighth century).

CALLIS'THENES (4 _syl._), a philosopher who accompanied Alexander the Great on his Oriental expedition. He refused to pay Alexander divine honors, for which he was accused of treason, and being mutilated, was chained in a cage for seven months like a wild beast. Lysimachus put an end to his tortures by poison.

Oh let me roll in Macedonian rays,
Or, like Callisthenes, be caged for life,
Rather than shine in fashions of the East.
N. Lee, _Alexander the Great_, iv. I (1678).

CAL'MAR, son of Matha, lord of Lara (in Connaught). He is represented as presumptuous, rash, and overbearing, but gallant and generous. The very opposite of the temperate Connal, who advises caution and forethought. Calmar hurries Cuthullin into action, which ends in defeat. Connal comforts the general in his distress.--Ossian, _Fingal_, i.

CAL'THON, brother of Col'mar, sons of Rathmor chief of Clutha (_the Clyde_). The father was murdered in his halls by Dunthalmo lord of Teutha (_the Tweed_), and the two boys were brought up by the murderer in his own house, and accompanied him in his wars. As they grew in years Dunthalmo fancied he perceived in their looks a something which excited his suspicions, so he shut them up in two separate dark caves on the banks of the Tweed. Colmal, daughter of Dunthalmo, dressed as a young warrior, liberated Calthon, and fled with him to Morven, to crave aid in behalf of the captive Colmar. Accordingly, Fingal sent his son Ossian with 300 men to effect his liberation. When Dunthalmo heard of the approach of this army, he put Colmar to death. Calthon, mourning for his brother, was captured, and bound to an oak; but at daybreak Ossian slew Dunthalmo, cut the thongs of Calthon, gave him to Colmal, and they lived happily in the halls of Teutha.--Ossian, _Calthon and Colmal_.

CAL´YDON (_Prince of_), Melea´ger, famed for killing the Calydonian boar.--_Apollod._ i. 8. (See MELEAGER.)

As did the fatal brand Althaea burn'd,
Unto the prince's heart of Calydon.
Shakespeare, 2 _Henry VI._ act i. sc. 1 (1591).

_Cal´ydon_, a town of Aeto´lia, founded by Calydon. In Arthurian romance Calydon is a forest in the north of our island. Probably it is what Richard of Cirencester calls the "Caledonian Wood," westward of the Varar or Murray Frith.

CALYDO´NIAN HUNT. Artemis, to punish Oeneus [_E´.nuce_] king of Cal´ydon, in Aeto´lia, for neglect, sent a monster boar to ravage his vineyards. His son Melea´ger collected together a large company to hunt it. The boar being killed, a dispute arose respecting the head, and this led to a war between the Curetês and Calydo´nians.

A similar tale is told of Theseus (_2 syl._), who vanquished and killed the gigantic sow which ravaged the territory of Krommyon, near Corinth. (See KROMMYONIAN SOW.)

CALYP´SO, in _Télémaque_, a prose-epic by Fénélon, is meant for Mde. de Montespan. In mythology she was queen of the island Ogyg´ia, on which Ulyssês was wrecked, and where he was detained for seven years.

She essayed after his departure to bring his son Telemachus under her spell. The lad, seeking the world through for his father, was preserved from the arts of the temptress by Mentor--Minerva in disguise.

CALYPSO'S ISLE, Ogygia, a mythical island "in the navel of the sea." Some consider it to be Gozo, near Malta. Ogygia (_not the island_) is Boeo´tia, in Greece.

CAMA´CHO, "richest of men," makes grand preparations for his wedding with Quite´ria, "fairest of women," but as the bridal party are on their way, Basil´ius cheats him of his bride, by pretending to kill himself. As it is supposed that Basilius is dying, Quiteria is married to him as a mere matter of form, to soothe his last moments; but when the service is over, up jumps Basilius, and shows that his "mortal wounds" are a mere pretense.--Cervantes, an episode in _Don Quixote_, II. ii. 4 (1615).

CAMAN´CHES (3 _syl._), or COMAN´CHES, an Indian tribe of Texas (United States).

It is a caravan, whitening the desert where dwell the Camanches.
Longfellow, _To the Driving Cloud_.

CAMARAL´ZAMAN, prince of "the Island of the Children of Khal´edan, situate in the open sea, some twenty days' sail from the coast of Persia." He was the only child of Schah´zaman and Fatima, king and queen of the island. He was very averse to marriage; but one night, by fairy influence, being shown Badou´ra, only child of the king of China, he fell in love with her and exchanged rings. Next day both inquired what had become of the other, and the question was deemed so ridiculous that each was thought to be mad. At length Marzavan (foster-brother of the princess) solved the mystery. He induced the prince Camaralzaman to go to China, where he was recognized by the princess and married her. (The name means "the moon of the period.")--_Arabian Nights_ ("Camaralzaman and Badoura").

CAM´BALLO, the second son of Cambuscan´ king of Tartary, brother of Al´garsife (_3 syl._) and Can´acê (_3 syl._). He fought with two knights who asked the lady Canacê to wife, the terms being that none should have her till he had succeeded in worsting Camballo in combat. Chaucer does not give us the sequel of this tale, but Spenser says that three brothers, named Priamond, Diamond, and Triamond were suitors, and that Triamond won her. The mother of these three (all born at one birth) was Ag´apê, who dwelt in Faëry-land (bk. iv. 2).

Spenser makes Cambi´na (daughter of Agapê) the lady-love of Camballo. Camballo is also called Camballus and Cambel.

_Camballo's Ring_, given him by his sister Canacê, "had power to stanch all wounds that mortally did bleed."

Well mote ye wonder how that noble knight,
After he had so often wounded been,
Could stand on foot now to renew the fight ...
All was thro' virtue of the ring he wore;
The which not only did not from him let
One drop of blood to fall, but did restore
His weakened powers, and his dulled spirits whet.
Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, iv. 2 (1596).

CAMBEL, called by Chaucer Cam´ballo, brother of Can´acê (_3 syl._). He challenged Every suitor to his sister's hand, and overthrew them all except Tri´amond. The match between Cambel and Triamond was so evenly balanced, that both would have been killed had not Cambi´na interfered. (See next art.)--Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, iv. 3 (1596).

CAMBI´NA, daughter of the fairy Ag´apê (_3 syl._). She had been trained in magic by her mother, and when Cam´ballo, son of Cambuscan´, had slain two of her brothers and was engaged in deadly combat with the third (named Tri´amond), she appeared in the lists in her chariot drawn by two lions, and brought with her a cup of nepenthe, which had the power of converting hate to love, of producing oblivion of sorrow, and of inspiring the mind with celestial joy. Cambina touched the combatants with her wand and paralyzed them, then giving them the cup to drink, dissolved their animosity, assuaged their pains, and filled them with gladness. The end was that Camballo made Cambina his wife, and Triamond married Can´acê.--Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, iv. 3 (1596).

CAMBUSCAN´, king of Sarra, in the land of Tartary; the model of all royal virtues.

At Sarra, in the lond of Tartarie,
Ther dwelt a king that werreied Russie,
Through which ther died many a doughty man:
This noble king was cleped Cambuscan
Which in his time was of so great renoun
That ther n' as no wher in no regioun,
So excellent a lord in alle thing:

* * * * *
This noble king, this Tartre Cambuscan
Hadde two sones by Elfeta his wif,
Of which the eldest sone highte Algarsif
That other was ycleped Camballo.

* * * * *
A doughter had this worthy king also
That youngest was and highte Canace.
Chaucer, _The Squire's Tale_.

Milton, in the Penseroso, alludes to the fact that the Squire's Tale was not finished:

Or call up him that left half told
The story of Cambuscan bold.

CAMBY´SES (3 _syl._), a pompous, ranting character in Preston's tragedy of that name,

I must speak in passion, and I will do it in
king Cambyses' vein.--Shakespeare, 1 _Henry IV_.
act ii. sc. 4 (1597).

CAMBY´SES AND SMERDIS. Cambysês king of Persia killed his brother Smerdis from the wild suspicion of a madman, and it is only charity to think that he was really _non compos mentis_.

Behold Cambisês and his fatal daye ...
While he his brother Mergus cast to slaye,
A dreadful thing, his wittes were him bereft.
T. Sackville, _A Mirrour for Magistraytes_ ("The
Complaynt," 1587).

CAMDEO, the god of love in Hindû mythology.

CAMIL´LA, the virgin queen of the Volscians, famous for her fleetness of foot. She aided Turnus against Æneas.

Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain,
Flies o'er th' unbending corn, or skims along the main.
Pope.

_Camilla_, wife of Anselmo of Florence. Anselmo, in order to rejoice in her incorruptible fidelity, induced his friend Lothario to try to corrupt her. This he did, and Camilla was not trial-proof, but fell. Anselmo for a time was kept in the dark, but at the end Camilla eloped with Lothario. Anselmo died of grief, Lothario was slain in battle, and Camilla died in a convent.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, I. iv. 5, 6 ("Fatal Curiosity," 1605).

_Camilla_, English girl, heroine of Miss Burney's novel of same name.

_Camilla_, the heroine of _Signor Monaldini's Niece_, by Mary Agnes Tincker, a story of modern Rome (1879).

CAMILLE´ (_2 syl._), in Corneille's tragedy of _Les Horaces_ (1639). When her brother meets her and bids her congratulate him for his victory over the three Curiatii, she gives utterance to her grief for the death of her lover. Horace says, "What! can you prefer a man to the interests of Rome?" Whereupon Camille denounces Rome, and concludes with these words: "Oh, that it were my lot!" When Mdlle. Rachel first appeared in the character of "Camille," she took Paris by storm (1838).

Voir le dernier Romain à son dernier soupir,
Moi seule en être cause, et mourir de plaisir.

¤¤¤ Whitehead has dramatized the subject and called it _The Roman Father_ (1741).

_Camille_, one of the Parisian _demi-monde_. She meets and loves Armand Duval. Camille is besought by Duval _père_ to leave her lover, whose prospects are ruined by the _liaison_. She quits him, returns to her former life, and dies of consumption in the arms of her lover, who has just found her after a long search.--A. Dumas, _La Dame aux Camelias_.

CAMILLO, a lord in the Sicilian court, and a very good man. Being commanded by king Leontês to poison Polixenês, instead of doing so he gave him warning, and fled with him to Bohemia. When Polixenês ordered his son Florizel to abandon Perdita, Camillo persuaded the young lovers to seek refuge in Sicily, and induced Leontês, the king thereof, to protect them. As soon as Polixenês discovered that Perdita was Leontês' daughter, he readily consented to the union which before he had forbidden.--Shakespeare, _The Winter's Tale_ (1604).

CAMI´OLA, "the maid of honor," a lady of great wealth, noble spirit, and great beauty. She loved Bertoldo (brother of Roberto king of the two Sicilies), and when Bertoldo was taken prisoner at Sienna, paid his ransom. Bertoldo before his release was taken before Aurelia the duchess of Sienna. Aurelia fell in love with him, and proposed marriage, an offer which Bertoldo accepted. The betrothed then went to Palermo to be introduced to the king, when Camiola exposed the conduct of the base young prince. Roberto was disgusted at his brother, Aurelia rejected him with scorn, and Camiola retired to a nunnery.--Massinger, _The Maid of Honor_ (1637).

CAMPAS´PE (3 _syl._), mistress of Alexander. He gave her up to Apellês, who had fallen in love with her while painting her likeness.--Pliny, _Hist_. xxxv. 10.

John Lyly produced, in 1583, a drama entitled _Cupid and Campaspe_, in which is the well-known lyric:

Cupid and my Campaspê played
At cards for kisses: Cupid paid.

CAMPBELL (_Captain_), called "Green Colin Campbell," or Bar´caldine (3 _syl._).--Sir W. Scott, _The Highland Widow_ (time, George II.).

_Campbell (General)_, called "Black Colin Campbell," in the king's service. He suffers the papist conspirators to depart unpunished.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time, George III.).

_Campbell (Sir Duncan)_, knight of Ardenvohr, in the marquis of Argyll's army. He was sent as ambassador to the earl of Montrose.

_Lady Mary Campbell_, sir Duncan's wife.

_Sir Duncan Campbell of Auchenbreck_, an officer in the army of the marquis of Argyll.

_Murdoch Campbell_, a name assumed by the marquis of Argyll. Disguised as a servant, he visited Dalgetty and M'Eagh in the dungeon, but the prisoners overmastered him, bound him fast, locked him in the dungeon, and escaped.--Sir W. Scott, _Legend of Montrose_ (time, Charles I.).

_Campbell (The lady Mary)_, daughter of the duke of Argyll.

_The lady Caroline Campbell_, sister of lady Mary.--Sir W. Scott, _Heart of Midlothian_ (time, George II.).

CAMPEADOR [_Kam.pay´.dor_], the Cid, who was called _Mio Cid el Campeador_ ("my lord the champion"). "Cid" is a corruption of _saïd_ ("lord").

CAMPO-BASSO (_The count of_), an officer in the duke of Burgundy's army, introduced by sir W. Scott in two novels, _Quentin Durward_ and _Anne of Geierstein_, both laid in the time of Edward IV.

CAN´ACE (3 _syl._), daughter of Cambuscan´, and the paragon of women. Chaucer left the tale half told, but Spenser makes a crowd of suitors woo her. Her brother Cambel or Cam´ballo resolved that none should win his sister who did not first overthrow him in fight. At length Tri´amond sought her hand, and was so nearly matched in fight with Camballo, that both would have been killed, if Cambi´na, daughter of the fairy Ag´apê (3 _syl._), had not interfered. Cambina gave the wounded combatants nepenthe, which had the power of converting enmity to love; so the combatants ceased from fight, Camballo took the fair Cambina to wife, and Triamond married Canacê.--Chaucer, _Squire's Tale_; Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, iv. 3 (1596).

_Canacê's Mirror_, a mirror which told the inspectors if the persons on whom they set their affections would prove true or false.

_Canacê's Ring_. The king of Araby and Ind sent Canacê, daughter of Cambuscan´ (king of Sarra, in Tartary), a ring which enabled her to understand the language of birds, and to know the medical virtues of all herbs.--Chaucer, _Canterbury Tales_ ("The Squire's Tale," 1388).

CANDACE, negro cook in _The Minister's Wooing_, by Harriet Beecher Stowe. She reverences Dr. Hopkins, but is slow to admit his dogma of Imputed Sin in Consequence of Adam's Transgression (1859).

CANDAU´LES (_3 syl._), king of Lydia, who exposed the charms of his wife to Gy´gês. The queen was so indignant that she employed Gygês to murder her husband. She then married the assassin, who became king of Lydia, and reigned twenty-eight years (B.C. 716-688).

CANDAY´A (_The kingdom of_), situate between the great Trapoba´na and the South Sea, a couple of leagues beyond cape Com´orin.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, II. iii. 4 (1615).

CANDIDE´ (_2 syl._), the hero of Voltaire's novel of the same name. He believes that "all things are for the best in the best of all possible worlds."

Voltaire says "No." He tells you that Candide
Found life most tolerable after meals.
Byron, _Don Juan_, v. 31 (1820).

CANDOUR (_Mrs._), the beau-ideal of female backbiters.--Sheridan, _The School for Scandal_ (1777).

CAN´IDIA, a Neapolitan, beloved by the poet Horace. When she deserted him, he held her up to contempt as an old sorceress who could by charms unsphere the moon.--Horace, _Epodes_, v. and xvii.

Such a charm were right Canidian.
Mrs. Browning, _Hector in the Garden_, iv.

CANMORE or GREAT-HEAD, Malcolm III. of Scotland (1057-1093).--Sir W. Scott, _Tales of a Grandfather_, i. 4.

CANNING (_George_), statesman (1770-1827). Charles Lamb calls him:

St. Stephen's fool, the zany of debate.
_Sonnet in "The Champion_."

CANO´POS, Meneläos's pilot, killed in the return voyage from Troy by the bite of a serpent. The town Canöpos (Latin, _Canopus_) was built on the site where the pilot was buried.

CAN´TAB, a member of the University of Cambridge. The word is a contraction of the Latin _Cantabrig´ia_.

CAN´TACUZENE´ (_4 syl._), a noble Greek family, which has furnished two emperors of Constantinople, and several princes of Moldavia and Wallachia. The family still survives.

We mean to show that the Cantacuzenês are
not the only princely family in the world.--D'Israeli,
_Lothaire_.

There are other members of the Cantacuzenê
family besides myself.--Ditto.

_Can´tacuzene´_ (_Michael_), the grand sewer of Alexius Comne´nus, emperor of Greece.--Sir W. Scott, _Count Robert of Paris_. (time, Rufus).

CANTERBURY TALES. Eighteen tales told by a company of pilgrims going to visit the shrine of "St. Thomas à Becket" at Canterbury. The party first assembled at the Tabard, an inn in Southwark, and there agreed to tell one tale each both going and returning, and the person who told the best tale was to be treated by the rest to a supper at the Tabard on the homeward journey. The party consisted of twenty-nine pilgrims, so that the whole budget of tales should have been fifty-eight, but only eighteen of the number were told, not one being on the homeward route. The chief of these tales are: "The Knight's Tale" (_Pal´amon and Ar´cite, 2 syl._); "The Man of Law's Tale" (_Custance, 2 syl._); "The Wife of Bath's Tale" (_A Knight_); "The Clerk's Tale" (_Grisildis_); "The Squire's Tale" (_Cambuscan_, incomplete); "The Franklin's Tale" _(Dor'igen and Arvir'agus)_; "The Prioress's Tale" (_Hugh of Lincoln_); "The Priest's Tale" (_Chanticleer and Partelite_); "The Second Nun's Tale" (_St. Cecil'ia_); "The Doctor's Tale" (_Virginia_); "The Miller's Tale" (_John the Carpenter and Alison_); and "The Merchant's Tale" (_January and May_) (1388).

CANTON, the Swiss valet of lord Ogleby. He has to skim the morning papers and serve out the cream of them to his lordship at breakfast, "with good emphasis and good discretion." He laughs at all his master's jokes, flatters him to the top of his bent, and speaks of him as a mere chicken compared to himself, though his lordship is seventy and Canton about fifty. Lord Ogleby calls him his "cephalic snuff, and no bad medicine against megrims, vertigoes, and profound thinkings."--Colman and Garrick, _The Clandestine Marriage_ (1766).

CAN'TRIPS (_Mrs._), a quondam friend of Nanty Ewart, the smuggler-captain.

_Jessie Cantrips_, her daughter.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time, George III.).

CANT'WELL (Dr.), the hypocrite, the English representative of Molière's Tartuffe. He makes religious cant the instrument of gain, luxurious living, and sensual indulgence. His overreaching and dishonorable conduct towards lady Lambert and her daughter gets thoroughly exposed, and at last he is arrested as a swindler.--I. Bicker staff, _The Hypocrite_ (1768).

Dr. Cantwell ... the meek and saintly hypocrite.

L. Hunt.

CANUTE' or CNUT and EDMUND IRONSIDE. William of Malmesbury says: When Canute and Edmund were ready for their sixth battle in Gloucestershire, it was arranged between them to decide their respective claims by single combat. Cnut was a small man, and Edmund both tall and strong; so Cnut said to his adversary, "We both lay claim to the kingdom in right of our fathers; let us therefore divide it and make peace;" and they did so.

Canutus of the two that furthest was from hope ...
Cries, "Noble Edmund hold! Let us the land divide."
... and all aloud do cry,
"Courageous kings, divide! 'Twere pity such should die."
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xii. (1613).

CANUTE'S BIRD, the knot, a corruption of "Knut," the _Cinclus bellonii_, of which king Canute was extremely fond.

The knot, that called was Canutus' bird of old,
Of that great king of Danes, his name that still doth hold,
His appetite to please ... from Denmark hither brought.
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xxv. (1622).

CAN´YNGE (_Sir William_) is represented in the _Rowley Romance_ as a rich, God-fearing merchant, devoting much money to the Church, and much to literature. He was, in fact, a Maece´nas of princely hospitality, living in the Red House. The priest Rowley was his "Horace."--Chatterton (1752-1770).

CAP (_Charles_), uncle of Mabel Dunham in Cooper's _Pathfinder_ (1849). He is a sea-captain who insists in sailing a vessel upon the great northern lakes as he would upon the Atlantic, but, despite his pragmatic self-conceit, is nonplussed by the Thousand Islands.

"And you expect me, a stranger on your lake, to find this place without chart, course, distance, latitude, longitude, or soundings? Allow me to ask if you think a mariner runs by his nose, like one of Pathfinder's hounds?"

Having by a series of blunders consequent upon this course, brought schooners and crew to the edge of destruction, he shows heart by regretting that his niece is on board, and philosophy with professional pride by the conclusion:--

"We must take the bad with the good in every v'y'ge, and the only serious objection that an old sea-captain can with propriety make to such an event, is that it should happen on this bit of d--d fresh water."

CAPABILITY BROWN, Launcelot Brown, the English landscape gardener (1715-1783).

CAP'ANEUS (3 _syl_.) a man of gigantic stature, enormous strength, and headlong valor. He was impious to the gods, but faithful to his friends. Capaneus was one of the seven heroes who marched against Thebes (1 _syl_.), and was struck dead by a thunderbolt for declaring that not Jupiter himself should prevent his scaling the city walls.

CAPITAN, a boastful, swaggering coward, in several French farces and comedies prior to the time of Molière.

CAPONSAC'CHI (_Guiseppe_), the young priest under whose protection Pompilia fled from her husband to Rome. The husband and _his_ friends said the elopement was criminal; but Pompilia, Caponsacchi, and _their_ friends maintained that the young canon simply acted the part of a chivalrous protector of a young woman who was married at fifteen, and who fled from a brutal husband who ill-treated her.--R. Browning, _The Ring and the Book_.

CAPSTERN (_Captain_), captain of an East

Indiaman, at Madras.--Sir W. Scott, _The Surgeon's Daughter_ (time, George II.).

CAPTAIN, Manuel Comne´nus of Treb´izond (1120, 1143-1180).

_Captain of Kent_. So Jack Cade called himself (died 1450).

_The Great Captain (el Gran Capitano)_, Gonzalvo di Cor´dova (1453-1515).

_The People's Captain (el Capitano del Popolo_), Guiseppe Garibaldi (1807-).

_Captain (A Copper)_, a poor captain, whose swans are all geese, his jewellry paste, his guineas counters, his achievements tongue-doughtiness, and his whole man Brummagem. See _Copper Captain_.

_Captain (The Black)_, lieutenant-colonel Dennis Davidoff of the Russian army. In the French invasion he was called by the French _Le Capitaine Noir_.

CAPTAIN LOYS [_Lo.is_]. Louise Labé was so called, because in early life she embraced the profession of arms, and gave repeated proofs of great valor. She was also called _La Belle Cordière_. Louise Labé was a poetess, and has left several sonnets full of passion, and some good elegies (1526-1566).

CAPTAIN! MY CAPTAIN! fallen leader apostrophized by Walt Whitman in his lines upon the death of President Lincoln (1865).

O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells!
Rise up! for you the flag is flung, for you the bugle trills;
For you bouquets and ribboned wreaths, for you the shores a-crowding;
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning.

Here, Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
It is some dream that on the deck
You've fallen cold and dead.

CAPTAIN RIGHT, a fictitious commander, the ideal of the rights due to Ireland. In the last century the peasants of Ireland were sworn to captain Right, as chartists were sworn to their articles of demand called their _charter_. Shakespeare would have furnished them with a good motto, "Use every man after his desert, and who shall 'scape whipping?" (_Hamlet_, act ii. sc. 2).

CAPTAIN ROCK, a fictitious name assumed by the leader of certain Irish insurgents in 1822, etc. All notices, summonses, and so on, were signed by this name.

CAP'ULET, head of a noble house of Verona, in feudal enmity with the house of Mon'tague (3 syl). Lord Capulet is a jovial, testy old man, self-willed, prejudiced, and tyrannical.

_Lady Capulet_, wife of lord Capulet and mother of Juliet.--Shakespeare, _Romeo and Juliet_ (1598).

CAPYS, a blind old seer, who prophesied to Romulus the military triumphs of Rome from its foundation to the destruction of Carthage.

In the hall-gate sat Capys,
Capys the sightless seer;
From head to foot he trembled
As Romulus drew near.
And up stood stiff his thin white hair,
And his blind eyes flashèd fire.

Lord Macaulay, _Lays of Ancient Rome_ ("The Prophecy of Capys," xi.).

CAR'ABAS (_Le marquis de_), an hypothetical title to express a fossilized old aristocrat, who supposed the whole world made for his behoof. The "king owes his throne to him;" he can "trace his pedigree to Pepin;" his youngest son is "sure of a mitre;" he is too noble "to pay taxes;" the very priests share their tithes with him; the country was made for his "hunting-ground;" and, therefore, as Béranger says:

Chapeau bas! chapeau bas!
Gloire au marquis de Carabas!

The name occurs in Perrault's tale of _Puss in Boots_, but it is Béranger's song (1816) which has given the word its present meaning.

CARAC´CI OF FRANCE, Jean Jouvenet, who was paralyzed on the right side, and painted with his left hand (1647-1707).

CARAC´TACUS OR CARADOC, king of the Sil´urês (_Monmouthshire_, etc.). For nine years he withstood the Roman arms, but being defeated by Osto´rius Scap´ula the Roman general, he escaped to Brigantia (_Yorkshire_, etc.) to crave the aid of Carthisman´dua (or Cartimandua), a Roman matron married to Venu´tius, chief of those parts. Carthismandua betrayed him to the Romans, A.D. 47.--Richard of Cirencester, _Ancient State of Britain_, i. 6, 23.

Caradoc was led captive to Rome, A.D. 51, and, struck with the grandeur of that city, exclaimed, "Is it possible that a people so wealthy and luxurious can envy me a humble cottage in Britain?" Claudius the emperor was so charmed with his manly spirit and bearing that he released him and craved his friendship.

Drayton says that Caradoc went to Rome with body naked, hair to the waist, girt with a chain of steel, and his "manly breast enchased with sundry shapes of beasts. Both his wife and children were captives, and walked with him."--_Polyolbion_, viii. (1612).

CARACUL (_i.e. Caraeatta_), son and successor of Severus the Roman emperor. In A.D. 210 he made an expedition against the Caledo´nians, but was defeated by Fingal. Aurelius Antoninus was called "Caracalla" because he adopted the Gaulish _caracalla_ in preference to the Roman _toga_.--Ossian, _Comala_.

The Caracul of Fingal is no other than Caracalla, who (as the son of Severus) the emperor of Rome ... was not without reason called "The Son of the King of the World." This was A.D. 210.--_Dissertation on the Era of Ossian_.

CARACULIAM'BO, the hypothetical giant of the island of Malindra'ma, whom don Quixote imagines he may one day conquer and make to kneel at the foot of his imaginary lady-love.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, I.i.1 (1605).

CAR'ADOC OR CRADOCK, a knight of the Round Table. He was husband of the only lady in the queen's train who could wear "the mantle of matrimonial fidelity." This mantle fitted only chaste and virtuous wives; thus, when queen Guenever tried it on--

One while it was too long, another while too short,
And wrinkled on her shoulders in most unseemly sort.

Percy, _Reliques_ ("Boy and the Mantle," III. iii. 18).

_Sir Caradoc and the Boar's Head_. The boy who brought the test mantle of fidelity to king Arthur's court drew a wand three times across a boar's head, and said, "There's never a cuckold who can carve that head of brawn." Knight after knight made the attempt, but only sir Cradock could carve the brawn.

_Sir Cradock and the Drinking-horn._ The boy furthermore brought forth a drinking-horn, and said, "No cuckold can drink from that horn without spilling the liquor." Only Cradock succeeded, and "he wan the golden can."--Percy, _Reliques_ ("Boy and the Mantle," III. iii. 18).

CARADOC OF MEN'WYGENT, the younger bard of Gwenwyn prince of Powys-land. The elder bard of the prince was Cadwallon.--Sir W. Scott, _The Betrothed_ (time, Henry II.).

CAR´ATACH OR CARAC´TACUS, a British king brought captive before the emperor Claudius in A.D. 52. He had been betrayed by Cartimandua. Claudius set him at liberty.

And Beaumont's pilfered Caratach affords
A tragedy complete except in words.
Byron, _English Bards and Scotch Reviewers_ (1809).

(Byron alludes to the "spectacle" of _Caractacus_ produced by Thomas Sheridan at Drury Lane Theatre. It was Beaumont's tragedy of _Bonduca_, minus the dialogue.)

Digges [1720-1786] was the very absolute
"Caratach." The solid bulk of his frame, his
action, his voice, all marked him with identity.
Boaden, _Life of Siddons_.

CAR´ATHIS, mother of the caliph Vathek. She was a Greek, and induced her son to study necromancy, held in abhorrence by all good Mussulmans. When her son threatened to put to death every one who attempted without success to read the inscription of certain sabres, Carathis wisely said, "Content yourself, my son, with commanding their beards to be burnt. Beards are less essential to a state than men." She was ultimately carried by an afrit to the abyss of Eblis, in punishment of her many crimes.--W. Beckford, _Vathek_ (1784).

CARAU´SIUS, the first British emperor (237-294). His full name was Marcus Aurelius Valerius Carausius, and as emperor of Britain he was accepted by Diocletian and Maxim´ian; but after a vigorous reign of seven years he was assassinated by Allectus, who succeeded him as "emperor of Britain."--See Gibbon, _Decline and Fall, etc._, ii. 13.

CAR´DAN (_Jerôme_) of Pa´via (1501-1576), a great mathematician and astrologer. He professed to have a demon or familiar spirit, who revealed to him the secrets of nature.

CARDEN (_Grace_), lovely girl with whom Henry Little (an artisan) and Frederick Coventry, gentleman, are enamored. Beguiled by Coventry into a belief that Little is dead, she consents to the marriage ceremony with his rival. Little reappears on the wedding-day, and she refuses to live with her husband. The marriage is eventually set aside, and Grace Carden espouses Henry Little.--Charles Reade, _Put Yourself in His Place_.

CARDE´NIO of Andalusi´a, of opulent parents, fell in love with Lucinda, a lady of equal family and fortune, to whom he was formally engaged. Don Fernando his friend, however, prevailed on Lucinda's father, by artifice, to break off the engagement and promise Lucinda to himself, "contrary to her wish, and in violation of every principle of honor." This drove Cardenio mad, and he haunted the Sierra Morena or Brown Mountain for about six months, as a maniac with lucid intervals. On the wedding-day Lucinda swooned, and a letter informed the bridegroom that she was married to Cardenio. Next day she privately left her father's house and took refuge in a convent; but being abducted by don Fernando, she was carried to an inn, where Fernando found Dorothea his wife, and Cardenio the husband of Lucinda. All parties were now reconciled, and the two gentlemen paired respectively with their proper wives.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, I. iv. (1605).

CARE, described as a blacksmith, who "worked all night and day." His bellows, says Spenser, are Pensiveness and Sighs.--_Faéry Queen_, iv. 5 (1596).

CARE'LESS, one of the boon companions of Charles Surface.--Sheridan, _School for Scandal_ (1777).

_Care'less (Colonel)_, an officer of high spirits and mirthful temper, who seeks to win Ruth (the daughter of sir Basil Thoroughgood) for his wife.--T. Knight, _The Honest Thieves_.

This farce is a mere _réchauffé_ of _The Committee_, by the hon. sir R. Howard. The names "colonel Careless" and "Ruth" are the same, but "Ruth" says her proper Christian name is "Anne."

_Careless_, in _The Committee_, was the part for which Joseph Ashbury (1638-1720) was celebrated.--Chetwood, _History of the Stage._

(_The Committee_, recast by T. Knight, is called _The Honest Thieves_.)

_Careless (Ned)_, makes love to lady Pliant.--W. Congreve, _The Double Dealer_ (1700).

CARELESS HUSBAND _(The)_, a comedy by Colley Cibber (1704). The "careless husband" is sir Charles Easy, who has amours with different persons, but is so careless that he leaves his love-letters about, and even forgets to lock the door when he has made a _liaison_, so that his wife knows all; yet so sweet is her temper, and under such entire control, that she never reproaches him, nor shows the slightest indication of jealousy. Her confidence so wins upon her husband that he confesses to her his faults, and reforms entirely the evil of his ways.

CARÊME _(Jean de), chef de cuisine_ of Leo X. This was a name given him by the pope for an admirable _soupe maigre_ which he invented for Lent. A descendant of Jean was _chef_ to the prince regent, at a salary of £1000 per annum, but he left this situation because the prince had only a _ménage bourgeois_, and entered the service of baron Rothschild at Paris (1784-1833).

CAREY, innocent-faced rich young dude in Ellen Olney Kirk's novel, _A Daughter of Eve_ (1889).

_Carey (Patrick)_, the poet brother of lord Falkland, introduced by sir W. Scott in _Woodstock_ (time, Commonwealth).

CAR'GILL _(The Rev. Josiah_), minister of St. Ronan's Well, tutor of the hon. Augustus Bidmore (2 _syl_.), and the suitor of Miss Augusta Bidmore, his pupil's sister.--Sir W. Scott, _St. Ronan's Well_ (time, George III.).

CARI'NO, father of Zeno'cia, the chaste troth-plight wife of Arnoldo (the lady dishonorably pursued by the governor count Clodio).--Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Custom of the Country_ (1647).

CAR'KER _(James)_, manager in the house of Mr. Dombey, merchant. Carker was a man of forty, of a florid complexion, with very glistening white teeth, which showed conspicuously when he spoke. His smile was like "the snarl of a cat." He was the Alas'tor of the house of Dombey, for he not only brought the firm to bankruptcy, but he seduced Alice Marwood (cousin of Edith, Dombey's second wife), and also induced Edith to elope with him. Edith left the wretch at Dijon, and Carker, returning to England, was run over by a railway train and killed.

_John Carker_, the elder brother, a junior clerk in the same firm. He twice robbed it and was forgiven.

_Harriet Carker_, a gentle, beautiful young woman, who married Mr. Morfin, one of the _employés_ in the house of Mr. Dombey, merchant. When her elder brother John fell into disgrace by robbing his employer, Harriet left the house of her brother James (the manager) to live with and cheer her disgraced brother John.--C. Dickens, _Dombey and Son_ (1846).

CARLE´TON (_Captain_), an officer in the Guards.--Sir W. Scott, _Peveril of the Peak_ (time, Charles II.).

CARLISLE (_Frederick Howard, earl of_), uncle and guardian of lord Byron (1748-1826). His tragedies are _The Father's Revenge_ and _Bellamere_.

The paralytic puling of Carlisle...
Lord, rhymester, _petit-maitre_, pamphleteer.
Byron, _English Bards and Scotch Reviewers_ (1809).

CAR´LOS, elder son of don Antonio, and the favorite of his paternal uncle Lewis. Carlos is a great bookworm, but when he falls in love with Angelina he throws off his diffidence and becomes bold, resolute, and manly. His younger brother is Clodio, a mere coxcomb.--C. Cibber, _Love Makes a Man_ (1694).

_Carlos_ (under the assumed name of the marquis D'Antas) married Ogari´ta, but as the marriage was effected under a false name it was not binding, and Ogarita left Carlos to marry Horace de Brienne. Carlos was a great villain: he murdered a man to steal from him the plans of some Californian mines. Then embarking in the _Urania_, he induced the crew to rebel in order to obtain mastery of the ship. "Gold was the object of his desire, and gold he obtained." Ultimately, his villainies being discovered, he was given up to the hands of justice.--E. Stirling, _The Orphan of the Frozen Sea_ (1856).

_Carlos (Don)_, son of Philip II. of Portugal; deformed in person, violent and vindictive in disposition. Don Carlos was to have married Elizabeth of France, but his father supplanted him. Subsequently he expected to marry the arch-duchess Anne, daughter of the emperor Maximilian, but her father opposed the match. In 1564 Philip II. settled the succession on Rodolph and Ernest, his nephews, declaring Carlos incapable. This drove Carlos into treason, and he joined the Netherlands in a war against his father. He was apprehended and condemned to death, but was killed in prison. This has furnished the subject of several tragedies: _i.e._, Otway's _Don Carlos_ (1672), in English; those of J.G. de Campistron (1683) and M.J. de Chénier (1789) in French; J.C.F. Schiller (1798) in German; Alfieri in Italian, about the same time.

_Car'los (Don)_, the friend of don Alonzo, and the betrothed husband of Leono'ra, whom he resigns to Alonzo out of friendship. After marriage, Zanga induces Alonzo to believe that Leonora and don Carlos entertain a criminal love for each other, whereupon Alonzo, out of jealousy, has Carlos put to death, and Leonora kills herself.--Edward Young, _The Revenge_ (1721).

_Carlos (Don)_, husband of donna Victoria. He gave the deeds of his wife's estate to donna Laura, a courtesan, and Victoria, in order to recover them, assumed the disguise of a man, took the name of Florio, and made love to her. Having secured a footing, Florio introduced Gaspar as the wealthy uncle of Victoria, and Gaspar told Laura the deeds in her hand were utterly worthless. Laura in a fit of temper tore them to atoms, and thus Carlos recovered the estate and was rescued from impending ruin.--Mrs. Cowley, _A Bold Stroke for a Husband_ (1782).

CARLTON (_Admiral George_), George IV., author of _The Voyage of--in search of Loyalty_, a poetic epistle (1820).

CARMEN, the fisherman's wife who, in Lufcadio Hearn's story _Chita_, adopts the baby dragged by her husband from the surf, and takes it to her heart in place of the child she has lost (1889).

_Carmen (Eschelle)_, beautiful, ambitious, and intriguing New York society girl.--Charles Dudley Warner, _A Little Journey in the World_ (1889).

CAR´MILHAN, the "phantom ship." The captain of this ship swore he would double the Cape, whether God willed it or not, for which impious vow he was doomed to abide forever and ever captain in the same vessel, which always appears near the Cape, but never doubles it. The kobold of the phantom ship is named Klabot´erman, a kobold who helps sailors at their work, but beats those who are idle. When a vessel is doomed the kobold appears smoking a short pipe, dressed in yellow, and wearing a night-cap.