Chapter XCIX: Section 3: , telephone 886 (2) 2709-2000, FAX 886 (2) 2702-7675, (34)

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Australia:
Australian Democratic Labor Party (anti-Communist Labor
Party splinter group); Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Action (Nuclear
Disarmament Party splinter group)

Austria:
Austrian Trade Union Federation (primarily Socialist) or
OeGB; Federal Economic Chamber; OeVP-oriented League of Austrian
Industrialists or VOeI; Roman Catholic Church, including its chief
lay organization, Catholic Action; three composite leagues of the
Austrian People's Party or OeVP representing business, labor, and
farmers

Azerbaijan:
Sadval, Lezgin movement; self-proclaimed Armenian
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic; Talysh independence movement

Bahamas, The:
NA

Bahrain:
Shi'a activists fomented unrest sporadically 1994-97,
demanding the return of an elected National Assembly and an end to
unemployment; several small, clandestine leftist and Islamic
fundamentalist groups are active

Bangladesh:
NA

Barbados:
Barbados Workers Union [Leroy TROTMAN]; Clement Payne
Labor Union [David COMMISSIONG]; People's Progressive Movement [Eric
SEALY]; Worker's Party of Barbados [Dr. George BELLE]

Belarus:
NA

Belgium:
Christian and Socialist Trade Unions; Federation of Belgian
Industries; numerous other associations representing bankers,
manufacturers, middle-class artisans, and the legal and medical
professions; various organizations represent the cultural interests
of Flanders and Wallonia; various peace groups such as Pax Christi
and groups representing immigrants

Belize:
Society for the Promotion of Education and Research or SPEAR
[Diane HAYLOCK]; United Worker's Front

Benin:
NA

Bermuda:
Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda
Public Services Association or BPSA [Betty CHRISTOPHER]

Bhutan:
Buddhist clergy; ethnic Nepalese organizations leading
militant antigovernment campaign; Indian merchant community; United
Front for Democracy (exiled)

Bolivia:
Cocalero Groups; indigenous organizations; labor unions

Bosnia and Herzegovina:
NA

Botswana:
NA

Brazil:
left wing of the Catholic Church, Landless Worker's
Movement, and labor unions allied to leftist Worker's Party are
critical of government's social and economic policies

British Virgin Islands:
NA

Brunei:
NA

Bulgaria:
agrarian movement; Bulgarian Democratic Center;
Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria or CITUB;
Democratic Alliance for the Republic or DAR; New Union for Democracy
or NUD; Podkrepa Labor Confederation; numerous regional, ethnic, and
national interest groups with various agendas

Burkina Faso:
Burkinabe General Confederation of Labor or CGTB;
Burkinabe Movement for Human Rights or HBDHP; Group of 14 February;
National Confederation of Burkinabe Workers or CNTB; National
Organization of Free Unions or ONSL; watchdog/political action
groups throughout the country in both organizations and communities

Burma:
All Burma Student Democratic Front or ABSDF; Kachin
Independence Army or KIA; Karen National Union or KNU; National
Coalition Government of the Union of Burma or NCGUB [Dr. SEIN WIN]
consists of individuals legitimately elected to the People's
Assembly but not recognized by the military regime; the group fled
to a border area and joined with insurgents in December 1990 to form
a parallel government; several Shan factions; United Wa State Army
or UWSA

Burundi:
Loosely organized Tutsi militias, often affiliated with
Tutsi extremist parties

Cambodia:
NA

Cameroon:
Cameroon Anglophone Movement or CAM [Vishe FAI, secretary
general]; Southern Cameroon National Council [Nfor Ngala NFOR,
acting]

Canada:
NA

Cape Verde:
NA

Cayman Islands:
NA

Central African Republic:
NA

Chad:
NA

Chile:
revitalized university student federations at all major
universities; Roman Catholic Church; United Labor Central or CUT
includes trade unionists from the country's five largest labor
confederations

China:
no substantial political opposition groups exist, although
the government has identified the Falungong sect and the China
Democracy Party as potential rivals

Christmas Island:
none

Cocos (Keeling) Islands:
none

Colombia:
two largest insurgent groups active in Colombia - National
Liberation Army or ELN and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or
FARC; largest paramilitary group is United Self-Defense Groups of
Colombia or AUC

Comoros:
NA

Congo, Democratic Republic of the:
NA

Congo, Republic of the:
Congolese Trade Union Congress or CSC;
General Union of Congolese Pupils and Students or UGEEC;
Revolutionary Union of Congolese Women or URFC; Union of Congolese
Socialist Youth or UJSC

Cook Islands:
NA

Costa Rica:
Authentic Confederation of Democratic Workers or CATD
(Communist Party affiliate); Chamber of Coffee Growers; Confederated
Union of Workers or CUT (Communist Party affiliate); Costa Rican
Confederation of Democratic Workers or CCTD (Liberation Party
affiliate); Federation of Public Service Workers or FTSP; National
Association for Economic Development or ANFE; National Association
of Educators or ANDE; Rerum Novarum or CTRN (PLN affiliate) [Gilbert
Brown]

Cote d'Ivoire:
NA

Croatia:
NA

Cuba:
NA

Cyprus:
Confederation of Cypriot Workers or SEK (pro-West);
Confederation of Revolutionary Labor Unions or Dev-Is; Federation of
Turkish Cypriot Labor Unions or Turk-Sen; Pan-Cyprian Labor
Federation or PEO (Communist controlled)

Czech Republic:
Czech-Moravian Confederation of Trade Unions
[Richard FALBR]

Denmark:
NA

Djibouti:
Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy or FRUD
and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy or MUD

Dominica:
Dominica Liberation Movement or DLM (a small leftist party)

Dominican Republic:
Collective of Popular Organizations or COP

Ecuador:
Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador or
CONAIE [Antonio VARGAS]; Coordinator of Social Movements or CMS [F.
Napoleon SANTOS]; Popular Front or FP [Luis VILLACIS]

Egypt:
despite a constitutional ban against religious-based parties,
the technically illegal Muslim Brotherhood constitutes MUBARAK's
potentially most significant political opposition; MUBARAK tolerated
limited political activity by the Brotherhood for his first two
terms, but moved more aggressively since then to block its
influence; civic society groups are sanctioned, but constrained in
practical terms; trade unions and professional associations are
officially sanctioned

El Salvador:
labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El
Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar
Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National
Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of
Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or
SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or
USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of
Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National
Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly
Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or
ASI

Equatorial Guinea:
NA

Eritrea:
Eritrean Islamic Jihad or EIJ; Eritrean Liberation Front or
ELF [ABDULLAH Muhammed]; Eritrean Liberation Front-Revolutionary
Council or ELF-RC [Ahmed NASSER]; Eritrean Liberation Front-United
Organization or ELF-UO [Mohammed Said NAWD]

Estonia:
NA

Ethiopia:
Southern Ethiopia People's Democratic Coalition; numerous
small, ethnically based groups have formed since the defeat of the
former MENGISTU regime in 1991, including several Islamic militant
groups

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas):
none

Faroe Islands:
NA

Fiji:
NA

Finland:
Communist Workers Party [Timo LAHDENMAKI]; Constitutional
Rightist Party; Finnish Communist Party-Unity [Yrjo HAKANEN];
Finnish Pensioners Party

France:
Communist-controlled labor union (Confederation Generale du
Travail) or CGT, nearly 2.4 million members (claimed); independent
labor union or Force Ouvriere, 1 million members (est.); independent
white-collar union or Confederation Generale des Cadres, 340,000
members (claimed); National Council of French Employers (Conseil
National du Patronat Francais) or CNPF or Patronat;
Socialist-leaning labor union (Confederation Francaise Democratique
du Travail) or CFDT, about 800,000 members (est.)

French Guiana:
NA

French Polynesia:
NA

Gabon:
NA

Gambia, The:
NA

Georgia:
Georgian refugees from Abkhazia (Abkhaz faction in Georgian
Parliament); separatist elements in the breakaway region of
Abkhazia; supporters of the late ousted President Zviad GAMSAKHURDYA
remain a source of opposition

Germany:
employers' organizations; expellee, refugee, trade unions,
and veterans groups

Ghana:
NA

Gibraltar:
Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives
Organization; Housewives Association

Greece:
NA

Greenland:
NA

Grenada:
NA

Guadeloupe:
Christian Movement for the Liberation of Guadeloupe or
KLPG; General Federation of Guadeloupe Workers or CGT-G; General
Union of Guadeloupe Workers or UGTG; Movement for Independent
Guadeloupe or MPGI

Guam:
NA

Guatemala:
Agrarian Owners Group or UNAGRO; Alliance Against
Impunity or AAI; Committee for Campesino Unity or CUC; Coordinating
Committee of Agricultural, Commercial, Industrial, and Financial
Associations or CACIF; Mutual Support Group or GAM

Guernsey:
none

Guinea:
NA

Guinea-Bissau:
NA

Guyana:
Civil Liberties Action Committee or CLAC; Guyana Council of
Indian Organizations or GCIO; Rise, Organize and Rebuild or ROAR
[Ravi DEV]; Trades Union Congress or TUC

note: the GCIO and the CLAC are small and active but not well
organized

Haiti:
Autonomous Haitian Workers or CATH; Confederation of Haitian
Workers or CTH; Federation of Workers Trade Unions or FOS; National
Popular Assembly or APN; Papaye Peasants Movement or MPP; Popular
Organizations Gathering Power or PROP; Roman Catholic Church

Holy See (Vatican City):
none (exclusive of influence exercised by
church officers)

Honduras:
Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras or
CODEH; Confederation of Honduran Workers or CTH; Coordinating
Committee of Popular Organizations or CCOP; General Workers
Confederation or CGT; Honduran Council of Private Enterprise or
COHEP; National Association of Honduran Campesinos or ANACH;
National Union of Campesinos or UNC; Popular Bloc or BP; United
Federation of Honduran Workers or FUTH

Hong Kong:
Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Chinese
Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Confederation of Trade
Unions (pro-democracy) [LAU Chin-shek, president; LEE Cheuk-yan,
general secretary]; Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Federation
of Trade Unions (pro-China) [LEE Chark-tim, president]; Hong Kong
Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China
[Szeto WAH, chairman]; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council
(pro-Taiwan); Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Hong Kong
Professional Teachers' Union [CHEUNG Man-kwong, president]; Liberal
Democratic Federation [HU Fa-kuang, chairman]

Hungary:
NA

Iceland:
NA

India:
numerous religious or militant/chauvinistic organizations,
including Vishwa Hindu Parishad, Bajrang Dal, and Rashtriya
Swayamsevak Sangh; various separatist groups seeking greater
communal and/or regional autonomy, including the All Parties
Hurriyat Conference

Indonesia:
NA

Iran:
active student groups include the pro-reform "Organization for
Strengthening Unity" and "the Union of Islamic Student Societies';
groups that generally support the Islamic Republic include Ansar-e
Hizballah, Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution, Muslim Students
Following the Line of the Imam, and the Islamic Coalition
Association; opposition groups include the Liberation Movement of
Iran and the Nation of Iran party; armed political groups that have
been almost completely repressed by the government include
Mojahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK), People's Fedayeen, Democratic
Party of Iranian Kurdistan; the Society for the Defense of Freedom

Iraq:
any formal political activity must be sanctioned by the
government; opposition to regime from Kurdish groups and southern
Shi'a dissidents

Ireland:
NA

Israel:
Gush Emunim, Israeli nationalists advocating Jewish
settlement on the West Bank and Gaza Strip; Peace Now supports
territorial concessions in the West Bank and is critical of
government's Lebanon policy

Italy:
Italian manufacturers and merchants associations
(Confindustria, Confcommercio); organized farm groups
(Confcoltivatori, Confagricoltura); Roman Catholic Church; three
major trade union confederations (Confederazione Generale Italiana
del Lavoro or CGIL [Sergio COFFERATI] which is left wing,
Confederazione Italiana dei Sindacati Lavoratori or CISL [Sergio
D'ANTONI] which is Catholic centrist, and Unione Italiana del Lavoro
or UIL [Pietro LARIZZA] which is lay centrist)

Jamaica:
New Beginnings Movement or NBM; Rastafarians (black
religious/racial cultists, pan-Africanists)

Japan:
NA

Jersey:
none

Jordan:
Council of Professional Association Presidents [Ahmad
al-QADIRI, chairman]; Jordanian Press Association [Sayf al-SHARIF,
president]; Muslim Brotherhood [Abd-al-Majid DHUNAYBAT, secretary
general]

Kazakhstan:
Kazakhstan International Bureau on Human Rights
[Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, executive director]

Kenya:
human rights groups; labor unions; Muslim organizations;
National Convention Executive Council or NCEC, a proreform coalition
of political parties and nongovernment organizations [Kivutha
KIBWANA]; Protestant National Council of Churches of Kenya or NCCK
[Mutava MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other Christian churches;
Supreme Council of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh Abdul Gafur
al-BUSAIDY, chairman]

Kiribati:
NA

Korea, North:
NA

Korea, South:
Federation of Korean Industries; Federation of Korean
Trade Unions; Korean Confederation of Trade Unions; Korean National
Council of Churches; Korean Traders Association; Korean Veterans'
Association; National Council of Labor Unions; National Democratic
Alliance of Korea; National Federation of Farmers' Associations;
National Federation of Student Associations

Kuwait:
several political groups act as de facto parties: Bedouins,
merchants, Sunni and Shi'a activists, and secular leftists and
nationalists

Kyrgyzstan:
Council of Free Trade Unions; Kyrgyz Committee on Human
Rights [Ramazan DYRYIDAYEV]; National Unity Democratic Movement;
Union of Entrepreneurs

Laos:
noncommunist political groups proscribed; most opposition
leaders fled the country in 1975

Latvia:
NA

Lebanon:
NA

Lesotho:
NA

Liberia:
NA

Libya:
various Arab nationalist movements with almost negligible
memberships may be functioning clandestinely, as well as some
Islamic elements

Liechtenstein:
NA

Lithuania:
NA

Luxembourg:
ABBL (bankers' association); ALEBA (financial sector
trade union); Centrale Paysanne (federation of agricultural
producers); CEP (professional sector chamber); CGFP (trade union
representing civil service); Chambre de Commerce (Chamber of
Commerce); Chambre des Metiers (Chamber of Artisans); FEDIL
(federation of industrialists); LCGP (center-right trade union);
OGBL (center-left trade union)

Macau:
Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of
Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director];
Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader]

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of:
NA

Madagascar:
Federalist Movement; National Council of Christian
Churches or FFKM

Malawi:
NA

Malaysia:
NA

Maldives:
none

Mali:
Patriotic Movement of the Ghanda Koye or MPGK; United Movement
and Fronts of Azawad or MFUA

Malta:
NA

Man, Isle of:
none

Marshall Islands:
NA

Martinique:
Association for the Protection of Martinique's Heritage
(ecologist) [Garcin MALSA]; Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC;
Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz
Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action
Group or GAP; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe
PIERRE-CHARLES]

Mauritania:
Arab nationalists; Ba'athists; General Confederation of
Mauritanian Workers or CGTM [Abdallahi Ould MOHAMED, secretary
general]; Independent Confederation of Mauritanian Workers or CLTM
[Samory Ould BEYE]; Islamists; Mauritanian Workers Union or UTM
[Mohamed Ely Ould BRAHIM, secretary general]

Mauritius:
various labor unions

Mayotte:
NA

Mexico:
Confederation of Employers of the Mexican Republic or
COPARMEX; Confederation of Industrial Chambers or CONCAMIN;
Confederation of Mexican Workers or CTM; Confederation of National
Chambers of Commerce or CONCANACO; Coordinator for Foreign Trade
Business Organizations or COECE; Federation of Unions Providing
Goods and Services or FESEBES; National Chamber of Transformation
Industries or CANACINTRA; National Peasant Confederation or CNC;
National Union of Workers or UNT; Regional Confederation of Mexican
Workers or CROM; Revolutionary Confederation of Workers and Peasants
or CROC; Roman Catholic Church

Moldova:
NA

Monaco:
NA

Mongolia:
NA

Montserrat:
NA

Morocco:
Association of Popular Trade Unions or ADP [leader NA];
Democratic Confederation of Labor or CDT [Noubir AMAOUI]; Democratic
National Trade Union or USND [leader NA]; Democratic Trade Union or
SD [leader NA]; General Union of Moroccan Workers or UGTM
[Abderrazzak AFILAL]; Labor Union Commissions or CS [leader NA];
Moroccan National Workers Union or UNMT [leader NA]; Moroccan Union
of Workers or UTM [Mahjoub BENSEDIQ]; Party of Shura and Istiqla
[Abdelwaheb MAASH]

Mozambique:
NA

Namibia:
NA

Nauru:
NA

Nepal:
Maoist guerrilla-based insurgency; numerous small,
left-leaning student groups in the capital; several small, radical
Nepalese antimonarchist groups

Netherlands:
Federation of Netherlands Trade Union Movement
(comprising Socialist and Catholic trade unions) and a Protestant
trade union; Federation of Catholic and Protestant Employers
Associations; Interchurch Peace Council or IKV; large multinational
firms; the nondenominational Federation of Netherlands Enterprises

Netherlands Antilles:
NA

New Caledonia:
NA

New Zealand:
NA

Nicaragua:
National Workers Front or FNT is a Sandinista umbrella
group of eight labor unions including - Farm Workers Association or
ATC, Health Workers Federation or FETASALUD, Heroes and Martyrs
Confederation of Professional Associations or CONAPRO, National
Association of Educators of Nicaragua or ANDEN, National Union of
Employees or UNE, National Union of Farmers and Ranchers or UNAG,
Sandinista Workers Central or CST, and Union of Journalists of
Nicaragua or UPN; Permanent Congress of Workers or CPT is an
umbrella group of four non-Sandinista labor unions including -
Autonomous Nicaraguan Workers Central or CTN-A, Confederation of
Labor Unification or CUS, Independent General Confederation of Labor
or CGT-I, and Labor Action and Unity Central or CAUS; Nicaraguan
Workers' Central or CTN is an independent labor union; Superior
Council of Private Enterprise or COSEP is a confederation of
business groups

Niger:
NA

Nigeria:
NA

Niue:
NA

Norfolk Island:
none

Northern Mariana Islands:
NA

Norway:
NA

Oman:
none

Pakistan:
military remains important political force; ulema
(clergy), landowners, industrialists, and small merchants also
influential

Palau:
NA

Panama:
Chamber of Commerce; National Civic Crusade; National
Council of Organized Workers or CONATO; National Union of
Construction and Similar Workers (SUNTRACS); National Council of
Private Enterprise or CONEP; Panamanian Association of Business
Executives or APEDE; Panamanian Industrialists Society or SIP;
Workers Confederation of the Republic of Panama or CTRP

Papua New Guinea:
NA

Paraguay:
Ahorristas Estafados or AE; National Workers Central or
CNT; Paraguayan Workers Confederation or CPT; Roman Catholic Church;
Unitary Workers Central or CUT

Peru:
leftist guerrilla groups include Shining Path [Abimael GUZMAN
Reynoso (imprisoned), Gabriel MACARIO (top leader at-large)]; Tupac
Amaru Revolutionary Movement or MRTA [Victor POLAY (imprisoned),
Hugo AVALLENEDA Valdez (top leader at-large)]

Philippines:
NA

Pitcairn Islands:
none

Poland:
All Poland Trade Union Alliance or OPZZ (trade union); Roman
Catholic Church; Solidarity (trade union)

Portugal:
NA

Puerto Rico:
Armed Forces for National Liberation or FALN; Armed
Forces of Popular Resistance; Boricua Popular Army (also known as
the Macheteros); Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution

Qatar:
none

Reunion:
NA

Romania:
various human rights and professional associations

Russia:
NA

Rwanda:
IBUKA - association of genocide survivors

Saint Helena:
none

Saint Kitts and Nevis:
NA

Saint Lucia:
NA

Saint Pierre and Miquelon:
NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
NA

Samoa:
NA

San Marino:
NA

Sao Tome and Principe:
NA

Saudi Arabia:
none

Senegal:
labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers

Seychelles:
Roman Catholic Church; trade unions

Sierra Leone:
Trade Unions and Student Unions

Singapore:
NA

Slovakia:
Association of Employers of Slovakia; Association of Towns
and Villages or ZMOS; Confederation of Trade Unions or KOZ; Metal
Workers Unions or KOVO and METALURG

Slovenia:
NA

Solomon Islands:
NA

Somalia:
numerous clan and subclan factions are currently vying for
power

South Africa:
Congress of South African Trade Unions or COSATU
[Zwelinzima VAVI, general secretary]; South African Communist Party
or SACP [Blade NZIMANDE, general secretary]; South African National
Civics Organization or SANCO [Mlungisi HLONGWANE, national
president]; note - COSATU and SACP are in a formal alliance with the
ANC

Spain:
business and landowning interests; Catholic Church; Euskal
Herritarok or EH [Herri BATASUNA]; free labor unions (authorized in
April 1977); on the extreme left, the Basque Fatherland and Liberty
or ETA and the First of October Antifascist Resistance Group or
GRAPO use terrorism to oppose the government; Opus Dei; Socialist
General Union of Workers or UGT and the smaller independent Workers
Syndical Union or USO; university students; Workers Confederation or
CC.OO

Sri Lanka:
Buddhist clergy; labor unions; Liberation Tigers of Tamil
Eelam or LTTE (insurgent group fighting for a separate state);
radical chauvinist Sinhalese groups such as the National Movement
Against Terrorism; Sinhalese Buddhist lay groups

Sudan:
National Congress Party [Ibrahim Ahmed UMAR] (front for the
National Islamic Front or NIF); Popular National Congress [Hassan
al-TURABI]; Umma [Sadiq al-MAHDI]; Democratic Unionist Party
[Muhammed Uthman AL-MIRGHANI]; National Democratic Alliance
[Muhammed Uthman AL-MIRGHANI, chairman]; Sudan People's Liberation
Army [Dr. John GARANG]

Suriname:
General Liberation and Development Party or ABOP [Ronnie
BRUNSWIJK]; Mandela Bushnegro Liberation Movement [Leendert ADAMS];
Tucayana Amazonica [Alex JUBITANA, Thomas SABAJO]; Union for
Liberation and Democracy [Kofi AFONGPONG]

Swaziland:
NA

Sweden:
NA

Switzerland:
NA

Syria:
conservative religious leaders; Muslim Brotherhood (operates
in exile in Jordan and Yemen); non-Ba'th parties have little
effective political influence

Tajikistan:
NA

Tanzania:
NA

Thailand:
NA

Togo:
NA

Tokelau:
none

Tonga:
Pro-Democracy and Human Rights Movement [leader NA]

Trinidad and Tobago:
Jamaat Al Musilmeen [Abu BAKR]

Tunisia:
the Islamic fundamentalist party, Al Nahda (Renaissance),
is outlawed

Turkey:
Confederation of Revolutionary Workers Unions or DISK
[Ridvan BUDAK]; Independent Industrialists and Businessmen's
Association or MUSIAD [Erol YARAR]; Moral Rights Workers Union or
Hak-Is [Salim USLU]; Turkish Industrialists' and Businessmen's
Association or TUSIAD [Muharrem KAYHAN]; Turkish Confederation of
Employers' Unions or TISK [Refik BAYDUR]; Turkish Confederation of
Labor or Turk-Is [Bayram MERAL]; Turkish Union of Chambers of
Commerce and Commodity Exchanges or TOBB [Fuat MIRAS]

Turkmenistan:
NA

Turks and Caicos Islands:
NA

Tuvalu:
none

Uganda:
NA

Ukraine:
NA

United Arab Emirates:
NA

United Kingdom:
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament; Confederation of
British Industry; National Farmers' Union; Trades Union Congress

United States:
NA

Uruguay:
NA

Uzbekistan:
Birlik (Unity) Movement [Abdurakhim PULAT, chairman];
Erk (Freedom) Democratic Party [Muhammad SOLIH, chairman] was banned
9 December 1992; Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Abdumanob
PULAT, chairman]; Independent Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan
[Mikhail ARDZINOV, chairman]

Vanuatu:
NA

Venezuela:
FEDECAMARAS, a conservative business group; VECINOS
groups; Venezuelan Confederation of Workers or CTV (labor
organization dominated by the Democratic Action)

Vietnam:
none

Virgin Islands:
NA

Wallis and Futuna:
NA

Western Sahara:
none

Yemen:
NA

Yugoslavia:
Alliance for the Future of Kosovo or AAK [leader
RAMUSH]; Group of 17 Independent Economists or G-17 [leader NA];
National Movement for the Liberation of Kosovo or LKCK [Sabit
GASHI]; Otpor Student Resistance Movement [leader NA]; Political
Council for Presevo, Meveda and Bujanovac or PCPMB [leader NA]; The
People's Movement for Kosovo or LPK [leader NA]

Zambia:
NA

Zimbabwe:
National Constitutional Assembly or NCA

Taiwan:
Taiwan independence movement, various business and
environmental groups

note: debate on Taiwan independence has become acceptable within
the mainstream of domestic politics on Taiwan; political
liberalization and the increased representation of opposition
parties in Taiwan's legislature have opened public debate on the
island's national identity; a broad popular consensus has developed
that Taiwan currently enjoys de facto independence and - whatever
the ultimate outcome regarding reunification or independence - that
Taiwan's people must have the deciding voice; advocates of Taiwan
independence oppose the stand that the island will eventually
reunify with mainland China; goals of the Taiwan independence
movement include establishing a sovereign nation on Taiwan and
entering the UN; other organizations supporting Taiwan independence
include the World United Formosans for Independence and the
Organization for Taiwan Nation Building

======================================================================

@Population

Afghanistan:
26,813,057 (July 2001 est.)

Albania:
3,510,484 (July 2001 est.)

Algeria:
31,736,053 (July 2001 est.)

American Samoa:
67,084 (July 2001 est.)

Andorra:
67,627 (July 2001 est.)

Angola:
10,366,031 (July 2001 est.)

Anguilla:
12,132 (July 2001 est.)

Antarctica:
no indigenous inhabitants, but there are seasonally
staffed research stations

note: approximately 29 nations, all signatory to the Antarctic
Treaty, send personnel to perform seasonal (summer) and year-round
research on the continent and in its surrounding oceans; the
population of persons doing and supporting science on the continent
and its nearby islands south of 60 degrees south latitude (the
region covered by the Antarctic Treaty) varies from approximately
4,000 in summer to 1,000 in winter; in addition, approximately 1,000
personnel including ship's crew and scientists doing onboard
research are present in the waters of the treaty region; Summer
(January) population - 3,687 total; Argentina 302, Australia 201,
Belgium 13, Brazil 80, Bulgaria 16, Chile 352, China 70, Finland 11,
France 100, Germany 51, India 60, Italy 106, Japan 136, South Korea
14, Netherlands 10, NZ 60, Norway 40, Peru 28, Poland 70, Russia
254, South Africa 80, Spain 43, Sweden 20, UK 192, US 1,378
(1998-99); Winter (July) population - 964 total; Argentina 165,
Australia 75, Brazil 12, Chile 129, China 33, France 33, Germany 9,
India 25, Japan 40, South Korea 14, NZ 10, Poland 20, Russia 102,
South Africa 10, UK 39, US 248 (1998-99); year-round stations - 42
total; Argentina 6, Australia 4, Brazil 1, Chile 4, China 2, Finland
1, France 1, Germany 1, India 1, Italy 1, Japan 1, South Korea 1, NZ
1, Norway 1, Poland 1, Russia 6, South Africa 1, Spain 1, Ukraine 1,
UK 2, US 3, Uruguay 1 (1998-99); Summer-only stations - 32 total;
Argentina 3, Australia 4, Bulgaria 1, Chile 7, Germany 1, India 1,
Japan 3, NZ 1, Peru 1, Russia 3, Sweden 2, UK 5 (1998-99); in
addition, during the austral summer some nations have numerous
occupied locations such as tent camps, summer-long temporary
facilities, and mobile traverses in support of research (July 2001
est.)

Antigua and Barbuda:
66,970 (July 2001 est.)

Argentina:
37,384,816 (July 2001 est.)

Armenia:
3,336,100 (July 2001 est.)

Aruba:
70,007 (July 2001 est.)

Ashmore and Cartier Islands:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there are only seasonal caretakers (July 2001 est.)

Australia:
19,357,594 (July 2001 est.)

Austria:
8,150,835 (July 2001 est.)

Azerbaijan:
7,771,092 (July 2001 est.)

Bahamas, The:
297,852

note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2001 est.)

Bahrain:
645,361

note: includes 228,424 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)

Baker Island:
uninhabited

note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and
naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during
World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by
special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and
generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and
remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the
middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife
Service (July 2001 est.)

Bangladesh:
131,269,860 (July 2001 est.)

Barbados:
275,330 (July 2001 est.)

Bassas da India:
uninhabited (July 2001 est.)

Belarus:
10,350,194 (July 2001 est.)

Belgium:
10,258,762 (July 2001 est.)

Belize:
256,062 (July 2001 est.)

Benin:
6,590,782

Bermuda:
63,503 (July 2001 est.)

Bhutan:
2,049,412 (July 2001 est.)

note: other estimates range as low as 800,000

Bolivia:
8,300,463 (July 2001 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina:
3,922,205

note: all data dealing with population are subject to considerable
error because of the dislocations caused by military action and
ethnic cleansing (July 2001 est.)

Botswana:
1,586,119

Bouvet Island:
uninhabited (July 2001 est.)

Brazil:
174,468,575

note: Brazil took an intercensal count in August 1996 which
reported a population of 157,079,573; that figure was about 5% lower
than projections by the US Census Bureau, which is close to the
implied underenumeration of 4.6% for the 1991 census; estimates for
this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess
mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy,
higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth
rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex
than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)

British Indian Ocean Territory:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in
the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois,
were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of
the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 1995, there were
approximately 1,700 UK and US military personnel and 1,500 civilian
contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia

British Virgin Islands:
20,812 (July 2001 est.)

Brunei:
343,653 (July 2001 est.)

Bulgaria:
7,707,495 (July 2001 est.)

Burkina Faso:
12,272,289

Burma:
41,994,678

Burundi:
6,223,897

Cambodia:
12,491,501

Cameroon:
15,803,220

Canada:
31,592,805 (July 2001 est.)

Cape Verde:
405,163 (July 2001 est.)

Cayman Islands:
35,527 (July 2001 est.)

Central African Republic:
3,576,884

Chad:
8,707,078 (July 2001 est.)

Chile:
15,328,467 (July 2001 est.)

China:
1,273,111,290 (July 2001 est.)

Christmas Island:
2,771 (July 2001 est.)

Clipperton Island:
uninhabited (July 2001 est.)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands:
633 (July 2001 est.)

Colombia:
40,349,388 (July 2001 est.)

Comoros:
596,202 (July 2001 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the:
53,624,718

Congo, Republic of the:
2,894,336

Cook Islands:
20,611 (July 2001 est.)

Coral Sea Islands:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there is a staff of three to four at the meteorological
station (July 2001 est.)

Costa Rica:
3,773,057 (July 2001 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire:
16,393,221

Croatia:
4,334,142 (July 2001 est.)

Cuba:
11,184,023 (July 2001 est.)

Cyprus:
762,887 (July 2001 est.)

Czech Republic:
10,264,212 (July 2001 est.)

Denmark:
5,352,815 (July 2001 est.)

Djibouti:
460,700 (July 2001 est.)

Dominica:
70,786 (July 2001 est.)

Dominican Republic:
8,581,477 (July 2001 est.)

Ecuador:
13,183,978 (July 2001 est.)

Egypt:
69,536,644 (July 2001 est.)

El Salvador:
6,237,662 (July 2001 est.)

Equatorial Guinea:
486,060 (July 2001 est.)

Eritrea:
4,298,269 (July 2001 est.)

Estonia:
1,423,316 (July 2001 est.)

Ethiopia:
65,891,874

Europa Island:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there is a small French military garrison (July 2001 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas):
2,895 (July 2001 est.)

Faroe Islands:
45,661 (July 2001 est.)

Fiji:
844,330 (July 2001 est.)

Finland:
5,175,783 (July 2001 est.)

France:
59,551,227 (July 2001 est.)

French Guiana:
177,562 (July 2001 est.)

French Polynesia:
253,506 (July 2001 est.)

French Southern and Antarctic Lands:
no indigenous inhabitants (July
2001 est.)

note: in 1997, there were about 100 researchers whose numbers vary
from winter (July) to summer (January)

Gabon:
1,221,175

Gambia, The:
1,411,205 (July 2001 est.)

Gaza Strip:
1,178,119 (July 2001 est.)

note: in addition, there are some 6,900 Israeli settlers in the
Gaza Strip (August 2000 est.)

Georgia:
4,989,285 (July 2001 est.)

Germany:
83,029,536 (July 2001 est.)

Ghana:
19,894,014

Gibraltar:
27,649 (July 2001 est.)

Glorioso Islands:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there is a small French military garrison (July 2001 est.)

Greece:
10,623,835 (July 2001 est.)

Greenland:
56,352 (July 2001 est.)

Grenada:
89,227 (July 2001 est.)

Guadeloupe:
431,170 (July 2001 est.)

Guam:
157,557 (July 2001 est.)

Guatemala:
12,974,361 (July 2001 est.)

Guernsey:
64,342 (July 2001 est.)

Guinea:
7,613,870 (July 2001 est.)

Guinea-Bissau:
1,315,822 (July 2001 est.)

Guyana:
697,181

Haiti:
6,964,549

Heard Island and McDonald Islands:
uninhabited (July 2001 est.)

Holy See (Vatican City):
890 (July 2001 est.)

Honduras:
6,406,052

Hong Kong:
7,210,505 (July 2001 est.)

Howland Island:
uninhabited

note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and
naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during
World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by
special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and
generally restricted to scientists and educators; visited annually
by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2001 est.)

Hungary:
10,106,017 (July 2001 est.)

Iceland:
277,906 (July 2001 est.)

India:
1,029,991,145 (July 2001 est.)

Indonesia:
228,437,870 (July 2001 est.)

Iran:
66,128,965 (July 2001 est.)

Iraq:
23,331,985 (July 2001 est.)

Ireland:
3,840,838 (July 2001 est.)

Israel:
5,938,093 (July 2001 est.)

note: includes about 176,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank,
about 20,000 in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, about 6,900 in
the Gaza Strip, and about 173,000 in East Jerusalem (August 2000
est.)

Italy:
57,679,825 (July 2001 est.)

Jamaica:
2,665,636 (July 2001 est.)

Jan Mayen:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there are personnel who operate the Long Range Navigation
(Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station
(July 2001 est.)

Japan:
126,771,662 (July 2001 est.)

Jarvis Island:
uninhabited

note: Millersville settlement on western side of island
occasionally used as a weather station from 1935 until World War II,
when it was abandoned; reoccupied in 1957 during the International
Geophysical Year by scientists who left in 1958; public entry is by
special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and
generally restricted to scientists and educators; visited annually
by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2001 est.)

Jersey:
89,361 (July 2001 est.)

Johnston Atoll:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: in previous years, there was an average of 1,100 US military
and civilian contractor personnel present; as of 1 October 2000,
population decreased to approximately 970 when US Army Chemical
Activity Pacific (USACAP) departed (January 2001 est.)

Jordan:
5,153,378 (July 2001 est.)

Juan de Nova Island:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there is a small French military garrison (July 2001 est.)

Kazakhstan:
16,731,303 (July 2001 est.)

Kenya:
30,765,916

Kingman Reef:
uninhabited (July 2001 est.)

Kiribati:
94,149 (July 2001 est.)

Korea, North:
21,968,228 (July 2001 est.)

Korea, South:
47,904,370 (July 2001 est.)

Kuwait:
2,041,961

note: includes 1,159,913 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)

Kyrgyzstan:
4,753,003 (July 2001 est.)

Laos:
5,635,967 (July 2001 est.)

Latvia:
2,385,231 (July 2001 est.)

Lebanon:
3,627,774 (July 2001 est.)

Lesotho:
2,177,062

Liberia:
3,225,837 (July 2001 est.)

Libya:
5,240,599

note: includes 662,669 non-nationals, of which an estimated 500,000
or more are Africans living in Libya (July 2001 est.)

Liechtenstein:
32,528 (July 2001 est.)

Lithuania:
3,610,535 (July 2001 est.)

Luxembourg:
442,972 (July 2001 est.)

Macau:
453,733 (July 2001 est.)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of:
2,046,209 (July 2001
est.)

Madagascar:
15,982,563 (July 2001 est.)

Malawi:
10,548,250

Malaysia:
22,229,040 (July 2001 est.)

Maldives:
310,764 (July 2001 est.)

Mali:
11,008,518 (July 2001 est.)

Malta:
394,583 (July 2001 est.)

Man, Isle of:
73,489 (July 2001 est.)

Marshall Islands:
70,822 (July 2001 est.)

Martinique:
418,454 (July 2001 est.)

Mauritania:
2,747,312 (July 2001 est.)

Mauritius:
1,189,825 (July 2001 est.)

Mayotte:
163,366 (July 2001 est.)

Mexico:
101,879,171 (July 2001 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of:
134,597 (July 2001 est.)

Midway Islands:
no indigenous inhabitants; approximately 150 people
make up the staff of US Fish and Wildlife Service and their services
cooperator living at the atoll (July 2001 est.)

Moldova:
4,431,570 (July 2001 est.)

Monaco:
31,842 (July 2001 est.)

Mongolia:
2,654,999 (July 2001 est.)

Montserrat:
7,574

note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the
resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned
(July 2001 est.)

Morocco:
30,645,305 (July 2001 est.)

Mozambique:
19,371,057

Namibia:
1,797,677

Nauru:
12,088 (July 2001 est.)

Navassa Island:
uninhabited

note: transient Haitian fishermen and others camp on the island
(July 2001 est.)

Nepal:
25,284,463 (July 2001 est.)

Netherlands:
15,981,472 (July 2001 est.)

Netherlands Antilles:
212,226 (July 2001 est.)

New Caledonia:
204,863 (July 2001 est.)

New Zealand:
3,864,129 (July 2001 est.)

Nicaragua:
4,918,393 (July 2001 est.)

Niger:
10,355,156 (July 2001 est.)

Nigeria:
126,635,626

Niue:
2,124 (July 2001 est.)

Norfolk Island:
1,879 (July 2001 est.)

Northern Mariana Islands:
74,612 (July 2001 est.)

Norway:
4,503,440 (July 2001 est.)

Oman:
2,622,198

note: includes 527,078 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)

Pakistan:
144,616,639 (July 2001 est.)

Palau:
19,092 (July 2001 est.)

Palmyra Atoll:
no indigenous inhabitants; 4 to 20 Nature Conservancy
staff, US Fish and Wildlife staff (July 2001 est.)

Panama:
2,845,647 (July 2001 est.)

Papua New Guinea:
5,049,055 (July 2001 est.)

Paracel Islands:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there are scattered Chinese garrisons (July 2001 est.)

Paraguay:
5,734,139 (July 2001 est.)

Peru:
27,483,864 (July 2001 est.)

Philippines:
82,841,518 (July 2001 est.)

Pitcairn Islands:
47 (July 2001 est.)

Poland:
38,633,912 (July 2001 est.)

Portugal:
10,066,253 (July 2001 est.)

Puerto Rico:
3,937,316 (July 2001 est.)

Qatar:
769,152 (July 2001 est.)

Reunion:
732,570 (July 2001 est.)

Romania:
22,364,022 (July 2001 est.)

Russia:
145,470,197 (July 2001 est.)

Rwanda:
7,312,756

Saint Helena:
7,266 (July 2001 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis:
38,756 (July 2001 est.)

Saint Lucia:
158,178 (July 2001 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon:
6,928 (July 2001 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
115,942 (July 2001 est.)

Samoa:
179,058 (July 2001 est.)

San Marino:
27,336 (July 2001 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe:
165,034 (July 2001 est.)

Saudi Arabia:
22,757,092

note: includes 5,360,526 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)

Senegal:
10,284,929 (July 2001 est.)

Seychelles:
79,715 (July 2001 est.)

Sierra Leone:
5,426,618 (July 2001 est.)

Singapore:
4,300,419 (July 2001 est.)

Slovakia:
5,414,937 (July 2001 est.)

Slovenia:
1,930,132 (July 2001 est.)

Solomon Islands:
480,442 (July 2001 est.)

Somalia:
7,488,773

note: this estimate was derived from an official census taken in
1975 by the Somali Government; population counting in Somalia is
complicated by the large number of nomads and by refugee movements
in response to famine and clan warfare (July 2001 est.)

South Africa:
43,586,097

note: South Africa took a census October 1996 which showed a
population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8%
underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for
this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess
mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy,
higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth
rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex
than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands:
no indigenous
inhabitants

note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in
March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the
British Antarctic Survey which also has a biological station on Bird
Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2001 est.)

Spain:
40,037,995 (July 2001 est.)

Spratly Islands:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of
several claimant states (July 2001 est.)

Sri Lanka:
19,408,635 (July 2001 est.)

note: since the outbreak of hostilities between the government and
armed Tamil separatists in the mid-1980s, several hundred thousand
Tamil civilians have fled the island; as of mid-1999, approximately
66,000 were housed in 133 refugee camps in south India, another
40,000 lived outside the Indian camps, and more than 200,000 Tamils
have sought refuge in the West

Sudan:
36,080,373 (July 2001 est.)

Suriname:
433,998 (July 2001 est.)

Svalbard:
2,332 (July 2001 est.)

Swaziland:
1,104,343

Sweden:
8,875,053 (July 2001 est.)

Switzerland:
7,283,274 (July 2001 est.)

Syria:
16,728,808

note: in addition, there are about 38,200 people living in the
Israeli-occupied Golan Heights - 18,200 Arabs (16,500 Druze and
1,700 Alawites) and about 20,000 Israeli settlers (July 2001 est.)

Tajikistan:
6,578,681 (July 2001 est.)

Tanzania:
36,232,074

Thailand:
61,797,751

Togo:
5,153,088

Tokelau:
1,445 (July 2001 est.)

Tonga:
104,227 (July 2001 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago:
1,169,682 (July 2001 est.)

Tromelin Island:
uninhabited (July 2001 est.)

Tunisia:
9,705,102 (July 2001 est.)

Turkey:
66,493,970 (July 2001 est.)

Turkmenistan:
4,603,244 (July 2001 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands:
18,122 (July 2001 est.)

Tuvalu:
10,991 (July 2001 est.)

Uganda:
23,985,712

Ukraine:
48,760,474 (July 2001 est.)

United Arab Emirates:
2,407,460

note: includes 1,576,472 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)

United Kingdom:
59,647,790 (July 2001 est.)

United States:
278,058,881 (July 2001 est.)

Uruguay:
3,360,105 (July 2001 est.)

Uzbekistan:
25,155,064 (July 2001 est.)

Vanuatu:
192,910 (July 2001 est.)

Venezuela:
23,916,810 (July 2001 est.)

Vietnam:
79,939,014 (July 2001 est.)

Virgin Islands:
122,211 (July 2001 est.)

Wake Island:
no indigenous inhabitants

note: US military personnel have left the island, but civilian
personnel remain; as of December 2000, one US Army civilian and 123
civilian contractor personnel were present (January 2001 est.)

Wallis and Futuna:
15,435 (July 2001 est.)

West Bank:
2,090,713 (July 2001 est.)

note: in addition, there are some 176,000 Israeli settlers in the
West Bank and about 173,000 in East Jerusalem (August 1999 est.)

Western Sahara:
250,559 (July 2001 est.)

World:
6,157,400,560 (July 2001 est.)

Yemen:
18,078,035 (July 2001 est.)

Yugoslavia:
10,677,290

note: all data dealing with population is subject to considerable
error because of the dislocations caused by military action and
ethnic cleansing (July 2001 est.)

Zambia:
9,770,199

Zimbabwe:
11,365,366

Taiwan:
22,370,461 (July 2001 est.)

======================================================================

@Population below poverty line

Afghanistan:
NA%

Albania:
19.6% (1996 est.)

Algeria:
23% (1999 est.)

American Samoa:
NA%

Andorra:
NA%

Angola:
NA%

Anguilla:
NA%

Antigua and Barbuda:
NA%

Argentina:
37% (1999 est.)

Armenia:
45% (1999 est.)

Aruba:
NA%

Australia:
NA%

Austria:
NA%

Azerbaijan:
60% (2000 est.)

Bahamas, The:
NA%

Bahrain:
NA%

Bangladesh:
35.6% (FY95/96 est.)

Barbados:
NA%

Belarus:
22% (1995 est.)

Belgium:
4%

Belize:
33% (1999 est.)

Benin:
37.2% (1999 est.)

Bermuda:
NA%

Bhutan:
NA%

Bolivia:
70% (1999 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina:
NA%

Botswana:
47% (2000 est.)

Brazil:
17.4% (1990 est.)

British Virgin Islands:
NA%

Brunei:
NA%

Bulgaria:
35% (2000 est.)

Burkina Faso:
NA%

Burma:
23% (1997 est.)

Burundi:
36.2% (1990 est.)

Cambodia:
36% (1997 est.)

Cameroon:
48% (2000 est.)

Canada:
NA%

Cape Verde:
NA%

Cayman Islands:
NA%

Central African Republic:
NA%

Chad:
64% (1995 est.)

Chile:
22% (1998 est.)

China:
10% (1999 est.)

Christmas Island:
NA%

Cocos (Keeling) Islands:
NA%

Colombia:
55% (1999)

Comoros:
NA%

Congo, Democratic Republic of the:
NA%

Congo, Republic of the:
NA%

Cook Islands:
NA%

Costa Rica:
20.6% (1999 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire:
NA%

Croatia:
4% (1999 est.)

Cuba:
NA%

Cyprus:
NA%

Czech Republic:
NA%

Denmark:
NA%

Djibouti:
NA%

Dominica:
NA%

Dominican Republic:
25% (1999 est.)

Ecuador:
50% (1999 est.)

Egypt:
22.9% (FY95/96 est.)

El Salvador:
48% (1999 est.)

Equatorial Guinea:
NA%

Eritrea:
NA%

Estonia:
8.9% (1995 est.)

Ethiopia:
NA%

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas):
NA%

Faroe Islands:
NA%

Fiji:
NA%

Finland:
NA%

France:
NA%

French Guiana:
NA%

French Polynesia:
NA%

Gabon:
NA%

Gambia, The:
NA%

Gaza Strip:
NA%

Georgia:
60% (1999 est.)

Germany:
NA%

Ghana:
31.4% (1992 est.)

Gibraltar:
NA%

Greece:
NA%

Greenland:
NA%

Grenada:
NA%

Guadeloupe:
NA%

Guam:
NA%

Guatemala:
60% (2000 est.)

Guernsey:
NA%

Guinea:
40% (1994 est.)

Guinea-Bissau:
50% (1991 est.)

Guyana:
NA%

Haiti:
80% (1998 est.)

Holy See (Vatican City):
NA%

Honduras:
53% (1993 est.)

Hong Kong:
NA%

Hungary:
8.6% (1993 est.)

Iceland:
NA%

India:
35% (1994 est.)

Indonesia:
20% (1998)

Iran:
53% (1996 est.)

Iraq:
NA%

Ireland:
10% (1997 est.)

Israel:
NA%

Italy:
NA%

Jamaica:
34.2% (1992 est.)

Japan:
NA%

Jersey:
NA%

Jordan:
30% (1998 est.)

Kazakhstan:
35% (1999 est.)

Kenya:
42% (1992 est.)

Kiribati:
NA%

Korea, North:
NA%

Korea, South:
NA%

Kuwait:
NA%

Kyrgyzstan:
51% (1997 est.)

Laos:
46.1% (1993 est.)

Latvia:
NA%

Lebanon:
28% (1999 est.)

Lesotho:
49.2% (1999 est.)

Liberia:
80%

Libya:
NA%

Liechtenstein:
NA%

Lithuania:
NA%

Luxembourg:
NA%

Macau:
NA%

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of:
25% (2000 est.)

Madagascar:
70% (1994 est.)

Malawi:
54% (FY90/91 est.)

Malaysia:
6.8% (1997 est.)

Maldives:
NA%

Mali:
NA%

Malta:
NA%

Man, Isle of:
NA%

Marshall Islands:
NA%

Martinique:
NA%

Mauritania:
50% (1996 est.)

Mauritius:
10.6% (1992 est.)

Mayotte:
NA%

Mexico:
27% (1998 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of:
NA%

Moldova:
75% (1999 est.)

Monaco:
NA%

Mongolia:
40% (2000 est.)

Montserrat:
NA%

Morocco:
19% (1999 est.)

Mozambique:
70% (2000 est.)

Namibia:
NA%

Nauru:
NA%

Nepal:
42% (FY95/96 est.)

Netherlands:
NA%

Netherlands Antilles:
NA%

New Caledonia:
NA%

New Zealand:
NA%

Nicaragua:
50% (2000 est.)

Niger:
63% (1993 est.)

Nigeria:
45% (2000 est.)

Niue:
NA%

Norfolk Island:
NA%

Northern Mariana Islands:
NA%

Norway:
NA%

Oman:
NA%

Pakistan:
40% (2000 est.)

Palau:
NA%

Panama:
37% (1999 est.)

Papua New Guinea:
37%

Paraguay:
36% (2000 est.)

Peru:
49% (1994 est.)

Philippines:
41% (1997 est.)

Pitcairn Islands:
NA%

Poland:
18.4% (2000 est.)

Portugal:
NA%

Puerto Rico:
NA%

Qatar:
NA%

Reunion:
NA%

Romania:
44.5% (2000)

Russia:
40% (1999 est.)

Rwanda:
70% (2000 est.)

Saint Helena:
NA%

Saint Kitts and Nevis:
NA%

Saint Lucia:
NA%

Saint Pierre and Miquelon:
NA%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
NA%

Samoa:
NA%

San Marino:
NA%

Sao Tome and Principe:
NA%

Saudi Arabia:
NA%

Senegal:
NA%

Seychelles:
NA%

Sierra Leone:
68% (1989 est.)

Singapore:
NA%

Slovakia:
NA%

Slovenia:
NA%

Solomon Islands:
NA%

Somalia:
NA%

South Africa:
50% (2000 est.)

Spain:
NA%

Sri Lanka:
22% (1997 est.)

Sudan:
NA%

Suriname:
NA%

Svalbard:
NA%

Swaziland:
NA%

Sweden:
NA%

Switzerland:
NA%

Syria:
15%-25%

Tajikistan:
80% (2000 est.)

Tanzania:
51.1% (1991 est.)

Thailand:
12.5% (1998 est.)

Togo:
32% (1989 est.)

Tokelau:
NA%

Tonga:
NA%

Trinidad and Tobago:
21% (1992 est.)

Tunisia:
6% (2000 est.)

Turkey:
NA%

Turkmenistan:
58% (1999 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands:
NA%

Tuvalu:
NA%

Uganda:
55% (1993 est.)

Ukraine:
50% (1999 est.)

United Arab Emirates:
NA%

United Kingdom:
17%

United States:
12.7% (1999 est.)

Uruguay:
NA%

Uzbekistan:
NA%

Vanuatu:
NA%

Venezuela:
67% (1997 est.)

Vietnam:
37% (1998 est.)

Virgin Islands:
NA%

Wallis and Futuna:
NA%

West Bank:
NA%

Western Sahara:
NA%

Yemen:
19% (1992 est.)

Yugoslavia:
NA%

Zambia:
86% (1993 est.)

Zimbabwe:
60% (1999 est.)

Taiwan:
1% (1999 est.)

======================================================================

@Population growth rate

Afghanistan:
3.48% (2001 est.)

note: this rate reflects the continued return of refugees from Iran

Albania:
0.88% (2001 est.)

Algeria:
1.71% (2001 est.)

American Samoa:
2.42% (2001 est.)

Andorra:
1.17% (2001 est.)

Angola:
2.15% (2001 est.)

Anguilla:
2.68% (2001 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda:
0.74% (2001 est.)

Argentina:
1.15% (2001 est.)

Armenia:
-0.21% (2001 est.)

Aruba:
0.64% (2001 est.)

Australia:
0.99% (2001 est.)

Austria:
0.24% (2001 est.)

Azerbaijan:
0.32% (2001 est.)

Bahamas, The:
0.93% (2001 est.)

Bahrain:
1.73% (2001 est.)

Bangladesh:
1.59% (2001 est.)

Barbados:
0.46% (2001 est.)

Belarus:
-0.15% (2001 est.)

Belgium:
0.16% (2001 est.)

Belize:
2.7% (2001 est.)

Benin:
2.97% (2001 est.)

Bermuda:
0.74% (2001 est.)

Bhutan:
2.17% (2001 est.)

Bolivia:
1.76% (2001 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina:
1.38% (2001 est.)

Botswana:
0.47% (2001 est.)

Brazil:
0.91% (2001 est.)

British Virgin Islands:
2.22% (2001 est.)

Brunei:
2.11% (2001 est.)

Bulgaria:
-1.14% (2001 est.)

Burkina Faso:
2.68% (2001 est.)

Burma:
0.6% (2001 est.)

Burundi:
2.38% (2001 est.)

Cambodia:
2.25% (2001 est.)

Cameroon:
2.41% (2001 est.)

Canada:
0.99% (2001 est.)

Cape Verde:
0.92% (2001 est.)

Cayman Islands:
2.12% (2001 est.)

Central African Republic:
1.85% (2001 est.)

Chad:
3.29% (2001 est.)

Chile:
1.13% (2001 est.)

China:
0.88% (2001 est.)

Christmas Island:
7.77% (2001 est.)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands:
-0.21% (2001 est.)

Colombia:
1.64% (2001 est.)

Comoros:
3.02% (2001 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the:
3.1% (2001 est.)

Congo, Republic of the:
2.2% (2001 est.)

Costa Rica:
1.65% (2001 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire:
2.51% (2001 est.)

Croatia:
1.48% (2001 est.)

Cuba:
0.37% (2001 est.)

Cyprus:
0.59% (2001 est.)

Czech Republic:
-0.07% (2001 est.)

Denmark:
0.3% (2001 est.)

Djibouti:
2.6% (2001 est.)

Dominica:
-0.98% (2001 est.)

Dominican Republic:
1.63% (2001 est.)

Ecuador:
2% (2001 est.)

Egypt:
1.69% (2001 est.)

El Salvador:
1.85% (2001 est.)

Equatorial Guinea:
2.46% (2001 est.)

Eritrea:
3.84% (2001 est.)

Estonia:
-0.55% (2001 est.)

Ethiopia:
2.7% (2001 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas):
2.43% (2001 est.)

Faroe Islands:
0.78% (2001 est.)

Fiji:
1.41% (2001 est.)

Finland:
0.16% (2001 est.)

France:
0.37% (2001 est.)

French Guiana:
2.74% (2001 est.)

French Polynesia:
1.72% (2001 est.)

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Comments

The 2001 CIA World FactbookChapter XCIX: Section 3: , telephone 886 (2) 2709-2000, FAX 886 (2) 2702-7675, (34)

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