Chapter M: Major infectious diseases (124)

Northern Mariana Islands
bicameral legislature consists of the
Senate (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year
staggered terms) and the House of Representatives (20 seats; members
elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 7 November 2009 (next to be held in
November 2011); House of Representatives - last held on 7 November
2009 (next to be held in November 2011)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - Covenant Party 3, Republican Party 3, Democratic Party 1,
independents 2; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party
- NA; seats by party - Republican Party 12, Covenant Party 4,
Democratic Party 1, independents 3
note: the Northern Mariana Islands elects one nonvoting delegate to
the US House of Representatives; election last held on 2 November
2010 (next to be held in November 2012); seats by party -
independent 1

Norway
modified unicameral Parliament or Storting (169 seats;
members elected by popular vote by proportional representation to
serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 14 September 2009 (next to be held in
September 2013)
election results: percent of vote by party - DNA 35.4%, FrP 22.9%, H
17.2%, SV 6.2%, Sp 6.2%, KrF 5.5%, V 3.9%, other 2.7%; seats by
party - DNA 64, FrP 41, H 30, SV 11, Sp 11, KrF 10, V 2
note: for certain purposes, the parliament divides itself into two
chambers and elects one-fourth of its membership in the Lagting and
three-fourths of its membership in the Odelsting

Oman
bicameral Majlis Oman consists of Majlis al-Dawla or upper
chamber (71 seats; members appointed by the monarch; has only
advisory powers and Majlis al-Shura or lower chamber (84 seats;
members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms; body has
only advisory powers)
elections: last held on 27 October 2007 (next to be held in 2011)
election results: new candidates won 46 seats and 38 members of the
outgoing Majlis kept their positions; none of the 20 female
candidates was elected

Pakistan
bicameral parliament or Majlis-e-Shoora consists of the
Senate (100 seats; members indirectly elected by provincial
assemblies and the territories' representatives in the National
Assembly to serve six-year terms; one half are elected every three
years) and the National Assembly (342 seats; 272 members elected by
popular vote; 60 seats reserved for women; 10 seats reserved for
non-Muslims; members serve five-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 3 March 2009 (next to be held in
March 2012); National Assembly - last held on 18 February 2008 with
by-elections on 26 June 2008 (next to be held in 2013)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - PPPP 27, PML-Q 21, MMA 9, PML-N 7, ANP 6, MQM 6, JUI-F 4,
BNP-A 2, JWP 1, NPP 1, PKMAP 1, PML-F 1, PPP 1, independents 13;
National Assembly - percent of votes by party - NA; seats by party
as of October 2010 - PPPP 127, PML-N 90, PML 51, MQM 25, ANP 13,
JUI-F 8, PML-F 5, BNP-A 1, NPP 1, PPP-S 1, independents 18, unfilled
seats - 2

Palau
bicameral National Congress or Olbiil Era Kelulau (OEK)
consists of the Senate (9 seats; members elected by popular vote on
a population basis to serve four-year terms) and the House of
Delegates (16 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 4 November 2008 (next to be held in
November 2012); House of Delegates - last held on 4 November 2008
(next to be held in November 2012)
election results: Senate - percent of vote - NA; seats -
independents 9; House of Delegates - percent of vote - NA; seats -
independents 16

Panama
unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (71 seats;
members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
PRD 26, Panamenista 22, CD 14, UP 4, Independent 2, MOLIRENA 2, PP 1
note: legislators from outlying rural districts chosen on a
plurality basis while districts located in more populous towns and
cities elect multiple legislators by means of a proportion-based
formula

Papua New Guinea
unicameral National Parliament (109 seats, 89
filled from open electorates and 20 from provinces and national
capital district; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year
terms); constitution allows up to 126 seats
elections: last held from 30 June to 10 July 2007; next to be held
in June 2012
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA
27, PNGP 8, PAP 6, URP 6, PANGU PATI 5, PDM 5, independents 19,
others 33; note - election to 1 seat was nullified
note: 15 other parties won 4 or fewer seats; association with
political parties is fluid

Paraguay
bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists
of the Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (45 seats; members
elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of
Deputies or Camara de Diputados (80 seats; members elected by
popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: Chamber of Senators - last held on 20 April 2008 (next to
be held in April 2013); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 20 April
2008 (next to be held in April 2013)
election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party -
NA; seats by party - ANR 15, PLRA 14, UNACE 9, PPQ 4, other 3;
Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party
- ANR 30, PLRA 27, UNACE 15, PPQ 3, APC 2, other 3; note - as of 1
January 2010, the composition of the Chamber of Deputies is ANR 30,
PLRA 29, UNACE 15, PPQ 4, other 2

Peru
unicameral Congress of the Republic of Peru or Congreso de la
Republica del Peru (120 seats; members are elected by popular vote
to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 9 April 2006 (next to be held in April 2011)
election results: percent of vote by party - UPP 21.2%, PAP 20.6%,
UN 15.3%, AF 13.1%, FC 7.1%, PP 4.1%, RN 4.0%, other 14.6%; seats by
party - UPP 45, PAP 36, UN 17, AF 13, FC 5, PP 2, RN 2

Philippines
bicameral Congress or Kongreso consists of the Senate or
Senado (24 seats - one-half elected every three years; members
elected at large by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and the
House of Representatives or Kapulungan Ng Nga Kinatawan; the House
has 287 seats including 230 members in one tier representing
districts and 57 sectoral party-list members in a second tier
representing special minorities elected on the basis of one seat for
every 2% of the total vote but are limited to three seats; a party
represented in one tier may not hold seats in the other tier; all
House members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms
note: the constitution limits the House of Representatives to 250
members; the number of members allowed was increased, however,
through legislation when in April 2009 the Philippine Supreme Court
ruled that additional party members could sit in the House of
Representatives if they received the required number of votes
elections: Senate - elections last held on 10 May 2010 (next to be
held in May 2013); House of Representatives - elections last held on
10 May 2010 (next to be held in May 2013)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - Lakas-Kampi CMD 4, LP 4, NP 4, NPC 2, PMP 2, LDP 1, PRP 1,
independents 5; note - there are 23 rather than 24 sitting senators
because one senator was elected mayor of Manila; House of
Representatives - percent of vote by party - Lakas-Kampi CMD 38.4%,
LP 20.3%, NPC 15.4%, NP 11.5%, independents 7.1%, others 7.3%; seats
by party - Lakas-Kampi CMD 104, LP 45, NPC 31, NP 26, others 17,
independents 7, party-list 56

Pitcairn Islands
unicameral Island Council (11 seats; mayor, deputy
mayor, 4 members elected by popular vote, 1 member appointed by the
governor, 3 ex officio members including governor, deputy governor,
and commissioner; deputy mayor and elected members serve two-year
terms)
elections: last held on 24 December 2009 (next to be held on 24
December 2011)
election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - all independents

Poland
bicameral legislature consists of an upper house, the Senate
or Senat (100 seats; members elected by a majority vote on a
provincial basis to serve four-year terms), and a lower house, the
Sejm (460 seats; members elected under a complex system of
proportional representation to serve four-year terms); the
designation of National Assembly or Zgromadzenie Narodowe is only
used on those rare occasions when the two houses meet jointly
elections: Senate - last held on 21 October 2007 (next to be held by
October 2011); Sejm - last held on 21 October 2007 (next to be held
by October 2011)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - PO 60, PiS 39, independents 1; Sejm - percent of vote by
party - PO 41.5%, PiS 32.1%, LiD 13.2%, PSL 8.9%, other 4.3%; seats
by party - PO 209, PiS 166, LiD 53, PSL 31, German minorities 1;
note - seats by party as of December 2010 - PO 203, PiS 147, SLD 44,
PSL 31, PJN 17, SPDL 4, DKP_SD 3, German minorities 1, Independents
9, Vacant 1
note: one seat is assigned to ethnic minority parties in the Sejm
only

Portugal
unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da
Republica (230 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
four-year terms)
elections: last held on 27 September 2009 (next to be held in fall
2013)
election results: percent of vote by party - PS 42%, PSD 35%, CDS/PP
9%, BE 7%, CDU 7%; seats by party - PS 97, PSD 81, CDS/PP 21, BE 16,
CDU 15

Puerto Rico
bicameral Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate
(at least 27 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to
serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives (51 seats;
members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 4 November 2008 (next to be held in
November 2012); House of Representatives - last held on 4 November
2008 (next to be held in November 2012)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PNP 81.5%, PPD
18.5%; seats by party - PNP 22, PPD 5; House of Representatives -
percent of vote by party - PNP 72.5%, PPD 27.5%; seats by party -
PNP 37, PPD 14
note: Puerto Rico elects, by popular vote, a resident commissioner
to serve a four-year term as a nonvoting representative in the US
House of Representatives; aside from not voting on the House floor,
he enjoys all the rights of a member of Congress; elections last
held 4 November 2008 (next to be held in November 2012); results -
percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PNP 1

Qatar
unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats;
members appointed)
note: no legislative elections have been held since 1970 when there
were partial elections to the body; Council members have had their
terms extended every year since the new constitution came into force
on 9 June 2005; the constitution provides for a new 45-member
Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura; the public would elect 30
members and the Amir would appoint 15; elections to the Majlis
al-Shura are tentatively scheduled for June 2010

Romania
bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or
Senat (137 seats; members elected by popular vote in a mixed
electoral system to serve four-year terms) and the Chamber of
Deputies or Camera Deputatilor (334 seats; members elected by
popular vote in a mixed electoral system to serve four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 30 November 2008 (next expected to
be held in November 2012); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 30
November 2008 (next expected to be held in November 2012)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by alliance/party -
PSD-PC 34.2%, PDL 33.6%, PNL 18.7%, UDMR 6.4%, other 7.1%; seats by
alliance/party - PSD-PC 49, PDL 51, PNL 28, UDMR 9; Chamber of
Deputies - percent of vote by alliance/party - PSD-PC 33.1%, PDL
32.4%, PNL 18.6%, UDMR 6.2%, ethnic minorities 3.6%, other 6.1%;
seats by alliance/party - PDL 115, PSD-PC 114, PNL 65, UDMR 22,
ethnic minorities 18

Russia
bicameral Federal Assembly or Federalnoye Sobraniye consists
of an upper house, the Federation Council or Sovet Federatsii (166
seats; as of July 2000, members appointed by the top executive and
legislative officials in each of the 83 federal administrative units
- oblasts, krays, republics, autonomous okrugs and oblasts, and the
federal cities of Moscow and Saint Petersburg; members to serve
four-year terms) and a lower house, the State Duma or
Gosudarstvennaya Duma (450 seats; as of 2007, all members elected by
proportional representation from party lists winning at least 7% of
the vote; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: State Duma - last held on 2 December 2007 (next to be
held in December 2011)
election results: State Duma - United Russia 64.3%, CPRF 11.5%, LDPR
8.1%, Just Russia 7.7%, other 8.4%; total seats by party - United
Russia 315, CPRF 57, LDPR 40, Just Russia 38

Rwanda
bicameral Parliament consists of Senate (26 seats; 12 members
elected by local councils, 8 appointed by the president, 4 appointed
by the Political Organizations Forum, 2 represent institutions of
higher learning; members to serve eight-year terms) and Chamber of
Deputies (80 seats; 53 members elected by popular vote, 24 women
elected by local bodies, 3 selected by youth and disability
organizations; members to serve five-year terms)
elections: Senate - members appointed as part of the transitional
government (next to be held in 2011); Chamber of Deputies - last
held on 15 September 2008 (next to be held in September 2013)
election results: percent of vote by party - RPF 78.8%, PSD 13.1%,
PL 7.5%; seats by party - RPF 42, PSD 7, PL 4, additional 27 members
indirectly elected

Saint Barthelemy
unicameral Territorial Council (19 seats; members
elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held in July
2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - SBA 72.2%,
Action-Equilibre-Transparence 9.9%, Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy
7.9%, Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy 9.9%; seats by party - SBA 16,
Action-Equilibre-Transparence 1, Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy 1,
Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy 1
note: Saint Barthelemy elects one seat to the French Senate;
election last held on 21 September 2008 (next to be held in
September 2014); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - UMP 1

Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha
unicameral Legislative
Council (17 seats, including a speaker and deputy speaker, 12
elected, and three ex officio members; members elected by popular
vote to serve four-year terms)
note: the Constitution Order provides for separate Island Councils
for both Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
elections: last held on 4 November 2009 (next to be held in 2013)
election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 12

Saint Kitts and Nevis
unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3
appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member
constituencies; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 25 January 2010 (next to be held by 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
SKNLP 6, CCM 2, PAM 2, NRP 1

Saint Lucia
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (11 seats;
six members appointed on the advice of the prime minister, three on
the advice of the leader of the opposition, and two after
consultation with religious, economic, and social groups) and the
House of Assembly (17 seats; members elected by popular vote to
serve five-year terms)
elections: House of Assembly - last held on 11 December 2006 (next
to be held in December 2011)
election results: House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - UWP
50%, SLP 46.9%, other 3.1%; seats by party - UWP 11, SLP 6

Saint Martin
unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are
elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held in July
2012)
election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%,
Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir
Saint-Martin 1
note: Saint Martin elects one member to the French Senate; election
last held on 21 September 2008 (next to be held in September 2014);
results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
unicameral Territorial Council or Conseil
Territorial (19 seats, 15 from Saint Pierre and four from Miquelon;
members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: elections last held on 19 and 26 in March 2006 (next to
be held in March 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AD
16, Cap sur l'Avenir 2, SPM 2000/AM 1
note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect one member to the French
Senate; elections last held on 21 September 2008 (next to be held in
September 2014); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - UMP 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects one member to
the French National Assembly; elections last held on, first round -
10 June 2007, second round - 17 June 2007 (next to be held in 2012);
results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Left
Radical Party 1

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
unicameral House of Assembly (21
seats, 15 elected representatives and 6 appointed senators;
representatives elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 13 December 2010 (next to be held in 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - ULP 51.6%, NDP 47.8%;
seats by party - ULP 8, NDP 7

Samoa
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (49 seats, 47 members
elected by voters affiliated with traditional village-based
electoral districts, 2 elected by independent, mostly non-Samoan or
part-Samoan, voters who cannot, (or choose not to) establish a
village affiliation; only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to
the Fono from the 47 village-based electorates; members serve
five-year terms)
elections: election last held on 31 March 2006 (next election to be
held not later than March 2011)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
HRPP 35, SDUP 10, independents 4

San Marino
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande
e Generale (60 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
five-year terms)
elections: last held on 9 November 2008 (next to be held by June
2013)
election results: percent of vote by party - Pact for San Marino
coalition 54.2%: PDCS 31.9%, AP 11.5%, Freedom List 6.3%, San Marino
Union of Moderates 4.2%; Reforms and Freedom coalition 45.8%: Party
of Socialists and Democrats 32%, United Left 8.6%, Democrats of the
Center 4.9%; seats by party - Pact for San Marino coalition 35: PDCS
22, AP 7, the Freedom List 4, San Marino Union of Moderates 2;
Reforms and Freedom coalition 25: Party of Socialists and Democrats
18, United Left 5, Democrats of the Center 2

Sao Tome and Principe
unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia
Nacional (55 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
four-year terms)
elections: last held on 1 August 2010 (next to be held in 2014)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
ADI 26, MLSTP 21, PCD 7, MDFM 1

Saudi Arabia
Consultative Council or Majlis al-Shura (150 members
and a chairman appointed by the monarch to serve four-year terms);
note - though the Council of Ministers announced in October 2003 its
intent to introduce elections for a third of the Majlis al-Shura
incrementally over a period of four to five years, to date no such
elections have been held or announced

Senegal
bicameral Parliament consisting of the Senate, reinstituted
in 2007, (100 seats; 35 members indirectly elected and 65 members
appointed by the president) and the National Assembly or Assemblee
Nationale (150 seats; 90 members elected by direct popular vote and
60 elected by proportional representation from party lists to serve
five-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 19 August 2007 (next to be held -
NA); National Assembly - last held on 3 June 2007 (next to be held
in 2012); note - the National Assembly in December 2005 voted to
postpone legislative elections originally scheduled for 2006;
legislative elections were first rescheduled to coincide with the 25
February 2007 presidential elections and later for 3 June 2007; the
election was boycotted by 12 opposition parties, including the
former ruling Socialist Party, which resulted in a record-low 35%
voter turnout
election results: Senate results - percent of vote by party - NA;
seats by party - PDS 34, AJ/PADS 1, 65 appointed by the president;
National Assembly results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - SOPI Coalition 131, other 19

Serbia
unicameral National Assembly (250 seats; deputies elected
according to party lists to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 11 May 2008 (next to be held in May 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - For a European Serbia
coalition 38.4%, SRS 29.5%, DSS-NS 11.6%, SPS-led coalition 7.6%,
LPD 5.2%, other 7.7%; seats by party - For a European Serbia
coalition 102, SRS 57, DSS-NS 30, SNS 21, SPS-led coalition 20, LDP
13, other 7

Seychelles
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34
seats; 25 members elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a
proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote;
members to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 10-12 May 2007 (next to be held in 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 56.2%, SNP 43.8%;
seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11

Sierra Leone
unicameral Parliament (124 seats; 112 members elected
by popular vote, 12 filled by paramount chiefs elected in separate
elections; members to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 11 August 2007 (next to be held in 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
APC 59, SLPP 43, PMDC 10

Singapore
unicameral Parliament (84 seats; members elected by
popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - in addition, there
are up to 9 nominated members; up to three losing opposition
candidates who came closest to winning seats may be appointed as
"nonconstituency" members
elections: last held on 6 May 2006 (next to be held by February 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - PAP 66.6%, WP 16.3%,
SDA 13%, SDP 4.1%; seats by party - PAP 82, WP 1, SDA 1

Sint Maarten
unicameral parliament or Staten (15 seats; members
elected by popular vote for four year term)
elections: last held 17 September 2010 (next to be held in 2014)
election results: percent of vote by party - National Alliance
45.9%, UPP 36.1%, Democratic Party 17.1%; seats by party - National
Alliance 7, UPP 6, Democratic Party 2

Slovakia
unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic or
Narodna Rada Slovenskej Republiky (150 seats; members elected on the
basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 12 June 2010 (next to be held in June 2014)
election results: percent of vote by party - Smer 34.8%, SDKU-DS
15%, SaS 12.1%, KDH 8.5%, Most-Hid 8.1%, SNS 5.1%, other 16.2%;
seats by party - Smer 62, SDKU-DS 28, SaS 22, KDH 15, Most-Hid 14,
SNS 9

Slovenia
bicameral Parliament consists of a National Council or
Drzavni Svet (40 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral
college to serve five-year terms; note - this is primarily an
advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws,
ask to review any National Assembly decision, and call national
referenda) and the National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats; 40
members directly elected and 50 are elected on a proportional basis;
note - the number of directly elected and proportionally elected
seats varies with each election; the constitution mandates 1 seat
each for Slovenia's Hungarian and Italian minorities; members
elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: National Assembly - last held on 21 September 2008 (next
to be held on 8 October 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - SD 30.5%, SDS 29.3%,
ZARES 9.4%, DeSUS 7.5%, SNS 5.5%, SLS+SMS 5.2%, LDS 5.2%, other
7.4%; seats by party - SD 29, SDS 28, ZARES 9, DeSUS 7, SNS 5,
SLS+SMS 5, LDS 5, Hungarian minority 1, Italian minority 1

Solomon Islands
unicameral National Parliament (50 seats; members
elected from single-member constituencies by popular vote to serve
four-year terms)
elections: last held on 4 August 2010 (next to be held in 2014)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
Solomon Islands Democratic Party 13, Our Party 3, Reformed
Democratic Party 3, Independent Democratic Party 2, PAP 2, SIPRA 2,
Peoples Congress Party 1, Peoples Federation Party 1, Rural
Development Party 1, Rural and Urban Political Party 1, Solomon
Islands Liberal Party 1, Solomon Islands National Party 1,
independents 19

Somalia
unicameral National Assembly
note: unicameral Transitional Federal Assembly (TFA) (550 seats; 475
members appointed according to the 4.5 clan formula, with the
remaining 75 seats reserved for civil society and business persons)

South Africa
bicameral Parliament consisting of the National Council
of Provinces (90 seats; 10 members elected by each of the nine
provincial legislatures for five-year terms; has special powers to
protect regional interests, including the safeguarding of cultural
and linguistic traditions among ethnic minorities) and the National
Assembly (400 seats; members elected by popular vote under a system
of proportional representation to serve five-year terms)
elections: National Assembly and National Council of Provinces -
last held on 22 April 2009 (next to be held in April 2014)
election results: National Council of Provinces - percent of vote by
party - NA; seats by party - NA; National Assembly - percent of vote
by party - ANC 65.9%, DA 16.7%, COPE 7.4%, IFP 4.6%, other 5.4%;
seats by party - ANC 264, DA 67, COPE 30, IFP 18, other 21

Spain
bicameral; General Courts or Las Cortes Generales (National
Assembly) consists of the Senate or Senado (264 seats as of 2008;
208 members directly elected by popular vote and the other 56 - as
of 2008 - appointed by the regional legislatures; members to serve
four-year terms) and the Congress of Deputies or Congreso de los
Diputados (350 seats; each of the 50 electoral provinces fills a
minimum of two seats and the North African enclaves of Ceuta and
Melilla fill one seat each with members serving a four-year term;
the other 248 members are determined by proportional representation
based on popular vote on block lists who serve four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 9 March 2008 (next to be held by
March 2012); Congress of Deputies - last held on 9 March 2008 (next
to be held by March 2012)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - PP 101, PSOE 88, Entesa Catalona de Progress 12, CiU 4, PNV
2, CC 1, members appointed by regional legislatures 56; Congress of
Deputies - percent of vote by party - PSOE 43.6%, PP 40.1%, CiU
3.1%, PNV 1.2%, ERC 1.2%, other 10.8%; seats by party - PSOE 169, PP
154, CiU 10, PNV 6, ERC 3, other 8; note - seats by party in the
Congress of Deputies as of 15 December 2009 - PSOE 169, PP 153, CiU
10, PNV 6, ERC 3, other 9

Sri Lanka
unicameral Parliament (225 seats; members elected by
popular vote on the basis of an open-list, proportional
representation system by electoral district to serve six-year terms)
elections: last held on 8 April 2010 with a repoll in two
electorates held on 20 April 2010 (next to be held by April 2016)
election results: percent of vote by alliance or party - United
People's Freedom Alliance 60.93%, United National Party 29.34%,
Democratic National Alliance 5.49%, Tamil National Alliance 2.9%,
other 1.94%; seats by alliance or party - United People's Freedom
Alliance 144, United National Party 60, Tamil National Alliance 14,
Democratic National Alliance 7

Sudan
bicameral National Legislature consists of a Council of States
(50 seats; members indirectly elected by state legislatures to serve
six-year terms) and a National Assembly (450 seats; 60% from
geographic constituencies, 25% from a women's list, and 15% from
party lists; members to serve six-year terms)
elections: last held on 11-15 April 2010 (next to be held in 2016)
election results: Not available; prior to the 11-15 April 2010
election, members appointmented under the 2005 Comprehensive Peace
Agreement

Suriname
unicameral National Assembly or Nationale Assemblee (51
seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 25 May 2010 (next to be held in May 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - Mega Combination 45.1%,
New Front 27.5%, A-Com 13.7%, People's Alliance 11.8%, DOE 1.9%;
seats by party - Mega Combination 23, New Front 14, A-Com 7,
People's Alliance 6, DOE 1

Swaziland
bicameral Parliament or Libandla consists of the Senate
(30 seats; 10 members appointed by the House of Assembly and 20
appointed by the monarch; members to serve five-year terms) and the
House of Assembly (65 seats; 10 members appointed by the monarch and
55 elected by popular vote; members to serve five-year terms)
elections: House of Assembly - last held on 19 September 2008 (next
to be held in 2013)
election results: House of Assembly - balloting is done on a
nonparty basis; candidates for election nominated by the local
council of each constituency and for each constituency the three
candidates with the most votes in the first round of voting are
narrowed to a single winner by a second round

Sweden
unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats; members are
elected by popular vote on a proportional representation basis to
serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 19 September 2010 (next to be held in
September 2014)
election results: percent of vote by party - Social Democrats 30.7%,
Moderates 30.1%, Greens 7.3%, Liberal People's Party 7.1%, Center
Party 6.6%, Sweden Democrats 5.7%, Christian Democrats 5.6%, Left
Party 5.6%; seats by party - Social Democrats 112, Moderates 107,
Greens 25, Liberal People's Party 24, Center Party 23, Sweden
Democrats 20, Christian Democrats 19, Left Party 19

Switzerland
bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung (in
German), Assemblee Federale (in French), Assemblea Federale (in
Italian) consists of the Council of States or Standerat (in German),
Conseil des Etats (in French), Consiglio degli Stati (in Italian)
(46 seats; membership consists of 2 representatives from each canton
and 1 from each half canton; members serve four-year terms) and the
National Council or Nationalrat (in German), Conseil National (in
French), Consiglio Nazionale (in Italian) (200 seats; members
elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation
serve four-year terms)
elections: Council of States - last held in most cantons in October
2007 (each canton determines when the next election will be held);
National Council - last held on 21 October 2007 (next to be held in
October 2011)
election results: Council of States - percent of vote by party - NA;
seats by party - CVP 15, FDP 12, SVP 7, SPS 9, other 3; National
Council - percent of vote by party - SVP 29%, SPS 19.5%, FDP 15.6%,
CVP 14.6%, Greens 9.6%, other 11.7%; seats by party - SVP 62, SPS
43, FDP 31, CVP 31, Green Party 20, other small parties 13

Syria
unicameral People's Council or Majlis al-Shaab (250 seats;
members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 22-23 April 2007 (next to be held in 2011)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
NPF 172, independents 78

Taiwan
unicameral Legislative Yuan (113 seats - 73 district members
elected by popular vote, 34 at-large members elected on basis of
proportion of islandwide votes received by participating political
parties, 6 elected by popular vote among aboriginal populations;
members to serve four-year terms); parties must receive 5% of vote
to qualify for at-large seats
elections: Legislative Yuan - last held on 12 January 2008 (next to
be held in December 2011 or January 2012)
election results: Legislative Yuan - percent of vote by party - KMT
53.5%, DPP 38.2%, NPSU 2.4%, PFP 0.3%, others 1.6%, independents 4%;
seats by party - KMT 81, DPP 27, NPSU 3, PFP 1, independent 1; note
- following the 2008 elections, several rounds of byelections were
held to fill seats vacated as a result of corruption changes; seats
by party as of December 2010 - KMT 74, DPP 33, NPSU 3, independent
2, vacant 1

Tajikistan
bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of the
National Assembly (upper chamber) or Majlisi Milliy (34 seats; 25
members selected by local deputies, 8 appointed by the president; 1
seat reserved for the former president; members serve five-year
terms) and the Assembly of Representatives (lower chamber) or
Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; members elected by popular vote to
serve five-year terms)
elections: National Assembly - last held on 28 February 2010 (next
to be held in February 2015); Assembly of Representatives - last
held on 28 February 2010 (next to be held in February 2015)
election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA;
seats by party - NA; Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote
by party - PDPT 71%, Islamic Revival Party 8.2%, CPT 7%, APT 5.1%,
PER 5.1%, other 3.6%; seats by party - PDPT 55, Islamic Revival
Party 2, CPT 2, APT 2, PER 2

Tanzania
unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (274 seats; 232
members elected by popular vote, 37 allocated to women nominated by
the president, 5 to members of the Zanzibar House of
Representatives; members serve five-year terms); note - in addition
to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of
Tanzania, the Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland;
Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives to make laws
especially for Zanzibar (the Zanzibar House of Representatives has
50 seats; members elected by universal suffrage to serve five-year
terms)
elections: last held on 14 December 2005 (next to be held on 31
October 2010)
election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA;
seats by party - CCM 206, CUF 19, CHADEMA 5, other 2, women
appointed by the president 37, Zanzibar representatives 5 Zanzibar
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - CCM 30, CUF 19; 1 seat was nullified with a rerun to take
place soon

Thailand
bicameral National Assembly or Rathasapha consisted of the
Senate or Wuthisapha (150 seats; 76 members elected by popular vote
representing 76 provinces, 74 appointed by judges and independent
government bodies; members serve six-year terms) and the House of
Representatives or Sapha Phuthaen Ratsadon (480 seats; 400 members
elected from 157 multi-seat constituencies and 80 elected on
proportional party-list basis of 10 per eight zones or groupings of
provinces; members serve four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 2 March 2008 (next to be held in
March 2014); House of Representatives - last election held on 23
December 2007 (next to be held by December 2011)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - NA; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party -
NA; seats by party - PPP 233, DP 164, TNP 34, Motherland 24, Middle
Way 11, Unity 9, Royalist People's 5; following the PPP's
dissolution in December 2008, most of the party's seats were assumed
by its successor, the Phuea Thai Party
note: 74 senators were appointed on 19 February 2008 by a
seven-member committee headed by the chief of the Constitutional
Court; 76 senators were elected on 2 March 2008; elections to the
Senate are non-partisan; registered political party members are
disqualified from being senators

Timor-Leste
unicameral National Parliament (number of seats can vary
from 52 to 65; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year
terms)
elections: last held on 30 June 2007 (next elections due by June
2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - FRETILIN 29%, CNRT
24.1%, ASDT-PSD 15.8%, PD 11.3%, PUN 4.5%, KOTA-PPT (Democratic
Alliance) 3.2%, UNDERTIM 3.2%, others 8.9%; seats by party -
FRETILIN 21, CNRT 18, ASDT-PSD 11, PD 8, PUN 3, KOTA-PPT 2, UNDERTIM
2

Togo
unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members elected by
popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 14 October 2007 (next to be held in 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - RPT 39.4%, UFC 37.0%,
CAR 8.2%, independents 2.5%, other 12.9%; seats by party - RPT 50,
UFC 27, CAR 4

Tokelau
unicameral General Fono (20 seats; members elected by
popular vote to serve three-year terms based upon proportional
representation from the three islands; Atafu has 7 seats, Fakaofo
has 7 seats, Nukunonu has 6 seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act
of 1996 confers limited legislative power to the General Fono
elections: last held on 17-19 January 2008 (next to be held in 2011)
election results: independents 20

Tonga
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fale Alea (26 seats - 9 for
nobles elected from among the country's 29 nobles, 17 members
elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 25 November 2010 (next to be held in 2014)
election results: Peoples Representatives: percent of vote -
independents 67.3%, Democratic Party 28.5%; seats - Democratic Party
12, independents 5

Trinidad and Tobago
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31
seats; 16 members appointed by the ruling party, 9 by the President,
6 by the opposition party to serve a maximum term of five years) and
the House of Representatives (41 seats; members are elected by
popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: House of Representatives - last held on 24 May 2010 (next
to be held in 2015)
election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - NA;
seats by party - UNC 21, PNM 12, COP 6, TOP 2
note: Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly with 12 members
serving four-year terms; last election held in January 2005; seats
by party - PNM 11, DAC 1

Tunisia
bicameral system consists of the Chamber of Advisors (126
seats; 85 members elected by municipal counselors, deputies, mayors,
and professional associations and trade unions; 41 members are
presidential appointees; members serve six-year terms); and the
Chamber of Deputies or Majlis al-Nuwaab (214 seats; members elected
by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: Chamber of Advisors - last held on 3 July 2005 (next to
be held in July 2011); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 25 October
2009 (next to be held in October 2014);
election results: Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party -
RCD 84.6%, MDS 4.6%, PUP 3.4%, UDU 2.6%, PSL 2.2%, PVP 1.7%,
Al-Tajdid 0.5%; seats by party - RCD 161, MDS 16, PUP 12, UDU 9, PSL
8, PVP 6, Al-Tajdid 2; voter turnout 89.4%

Turkey
unicameral Grand National Assembly of Turkey or Turkiye Buyuk
Millet Meclisi (550 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
four-year terms)
elections: last held on 22 July 2007 (next to be held by July 2011)
election results: percent of vote by party - AKP 46.7%, CHP 20.8%,
MHP 14.3%, independents 5.2%, other 13.0%; seats by party - AKP 341,
CHP 112, MHP 71, independents 26; note - seats by party as of 15
November 2010 - AKP 335, CHP 101, MHP 70, BDP 20, DSP 6, DP 1, TP 1,
independents 7, vacant 9 (BDP entered parliament as independents;
DSP entered parliament on CHP's party list; DP and TP switched to
their respective parties after having been elected to parliament as
an independent or on the list of another party); only parties
surpassing the 10% threshold are entitled to parliamentary seats

Turkmenistan
unicameral parliament known as the National Assembly
(Mejlis) (125 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
five-year terms)
elections: last held on 14 December 2008 (next to be held in
December 2013)
election results: 100% of elected officials are members of either
the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan or its pseudo-civil society
parent organization, the Revival Movement, and are preapproved by
the president
note: in 26 September 2008, a new constitution of Turkmenistan
abolished a second, 2,507-member legislative body known as the
People's Council and expanded the number of deputies in the National
Assembly from 65 to 125; the powers formerly held by the People's
Council were divided up between the president and the National
Assembly

Turks and Caicos Islands
under provisions of the Order in Council,
the unicameral House of Assembly is dissolved and all seats vacated
for a period of up to two years; in the interim, a Consultative
Forum, appointed by the governor, will be established
elections: last held on 9 February 2007 (next to be held by July
2011)
election results: under provisions of the Order in Council, all
seats in the House of Assembly are vacated

Tuvalu
unicameral Parliament or Fale I Fono, also called House of
Assembly (15 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
four-year terms)
elections: last held on 16 September 2010 (next to be held in 2014)
election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15; 10
members reelected

Uganda
unicameral National Assembly (332 seats; 215 members elected
by popular vote, 104 nominated by legally established special
interest groups [women 79, army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5],
13 ex-officio members; members to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 23 February 2006 (next to be held on 18
February 2011)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
NRM 205, FDC 37, UPC 9, DP 8, CP 1, JEEMA 1, independents 37, other
34

Ukraine
unicameral Supreme Council or Verkhovna Rada (450 seats;
members allocated on a proportional basis to those parties that gain
3% or more of the national electoral vote; members to serve
five-year terms)
elections: last held on 30 September 2007 (next must be held in 2012
or sooner if a ruling coalition cannot be formed in the Rada)
election results: percent of vote by party/bloc - Party of Regions
34.4%, Block of Yuliya Tymoshenko 30.7%, Our Ukraine-People's Self
Defense 14.2%, CPU 5.4%, Lytvyn Bloc 4%, other parties 11.3%; seats
by party/bloc - Party of Regions 175, Block of Yuliya Tymoshenko
156, Our Ukraine-People's Self Defense 72, CPU 27, Lytvyn Bloc 20

United Arab Emirates
unicameral Federal National Council (FNC) or
Majlis al-Ittihad al-Watani (40 seats; 20 members appointed by the
rulers of the constituent states, 20 members elected to serve
four-year terms)
elections: elections for one half of the FNC (the other half remains
appointed) held on 18-20 December 2006; the new electoral college -
a body of 6,689 Emiratis (including 1,189 women) appointed by the
rulers of the seven emirates - were the only eligible voters and
candidates; 456 candidates including 65 women ran for 20 contested
FNC seats; one female from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi won a seat and 8
women were among the 20 appointed members
note: the FNC reviews legislation but cannot change or veto

United Kingdom
bicameral Parliament consists of House of Lords (741
seats; consisting of approximately 625 life peers, 91 hereditary
peers, and 25 clergy - as of 15 December 2010) and House of Commons
(650 seats since 2010 elections; members elected by popular vote to
serve five-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier)
elections: House of Lords - no elections (note - in 1999, as
provided by the House of Lords Act, elections were held in the House
of Lords to determine the 92 hereditary peers who would remain
there; elections are held only as vacancies in the hereditary
peerage arise); House of Commons - last held on 6 May 2010 (next to
be held by June 2015)
election results: House of Commons - percent of vote by party -
Conservative 36.1%, Labor 29%, Liberal Democrats 23%, other 11.9%;
seats by party - Conservative 305, Labor 258, Liberal Democrat 57,
other 30
note: in 1998 elections were held for a Northern Ireland Assembly
(because of unresolved disputes among existing parties, the transfer
of power from London to Northern Ireland came only at the end of
1999 and has been suspended four times, the latest occurring in
October 2002 and lasting until 8 May 2007); in 1999, the UK held the
first elections for a Scottish Parliament and a Welsh Assembly, the
most recent of which were held in May 2007

United States
bicameral Congress consists of the Senate (100 seats,
2 members elected from each state by popular vote to serve six-year
terms; one-third elected every two years) and the House of
Representatives (435 seats; members directly elected by popular vote
to serve two-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 2 November 2010 (next to be held in
November 2012); House of Representatives - last held on 2 November
2010 (next to be held in November 2012)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - Democratic Party 51, Republican Party 47, independent 2;
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - Democratic Party 192, Republican Party 243

Uruguay
bicameral General Assembly or Asamblea General consists of
Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (30 seats; members
elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms; vice president has
one vote in the Senate) and Chamber of Representatives or Camara de
Representantes (99 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
five-year terms)
elections: Chamber of Senators - last held on 25 October 2009 (next
to be held in October 2014); Chamber of Representatives - last held
on 25 October 2009 (next to be held in October 2014)
election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party -
NA; seats by party - Frente Amplio 16, Blanco 9, Colorado Party 5;
Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - Frente Amplio 50, Blanco 30, Colorado Party 17, Independent
Party 2

Uzbekistan
bicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis consists of an
upper house or Senate (100 seats; 84 members elected by regional
governing councils and 16 appointed by the president; members to
serve five-year terms) and a lower house or Legislative Chamber (150
seats; 135 members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms,
while 15 spots reserved for the new Ecological Movement of
Uzbekistan)
elections: last held on 27 December 2009 and 10 January 2010 (next
to be held in December 2014)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by
party - NA; Legislative Chamber - percent of vote by party - NA;
seats by party - LDPU 53, NDP 32, National Rebirth Party 31, Adolat
19
note: all parties in the Supreme Assembly support President KARIMOV

Vanuatu
unicameral Parliament (52 seats; members elected by popular
vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 2 September 2008 (next to be held in 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - VP
11, NUP 8, UMP 7, VRP 7, PPP 4, GC 2, MPP 1, NA 1, NAG 1, PAP 1,
Shepherds Alliance 1, VFFP 1, VLP 1, VNP 1, VPRFP 1, and independent
4; note - political party associations are fluid
note: the National Council of Chiefs advises on matters of culture
and language

Venezuela
unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (165
seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms;
three seats reserved for the indigenous peoples of Venezuela)
elections: last held on 26 September 2010 (next to be held in 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - pro-government 48.9%,
opposition coalition 47.9%, other 3.2%; seats by party -
pro-government 98, opposition 65, other 2

Vietnam
unicameral National Assembly or Quoc Hoi (493 seats; members
elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 20 May 2007 (next to be held in May 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
CPV 450, non-party CPV-approved 42, self-nominated 1; note - 493
candidates were elected; CPV and non-party CPV-approved delegates
were members of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front

Virgin Islands
unicameral Senate (15 seats; members are elected by
popular vote to serve two-year terms)
elections: last held on 2 November 2010 (next to be held in November
2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
Democratic Party 10, ICM 2, independent 3
note: the Virgin Islands elects one non-voting representative to the
US House of Representatives; election last held 2 November 2010
(next to be held on November 2012)

Wallis and Futuna
unicameral Territorial Assembly or Assemblee
Territoriale (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
five-year terms)
elections: last held on 1 April 2007 (next to be held in April 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
UMP 13, other 7
note: Wallis and Futuna elects one senator to the French Senate and
one deputy to the French National Assembly; French Senate -
elections last held on 21 September 2008 (next to be held by
September 2014); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats -
UMP 1; French National Assembly - elections last held on 17 June
2007 (next to be held by 2012); results - percent of vote by party -
NA; seats - PS 1

Yemen
bicameral legislature consisting of a Shura Council (111
seats; members appointed by the president) and House of
Representatives (301 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve
eight-year terms)
elections: last held on 27 April 2003 (scheduled April 2009 election
postponed for two years)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
GPC 238, Islah 47, YSP 6, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab
Socialist Ba'th Party 2, independents 5

Zambia
unicameral National Assembly (158 seats; 150 members are
elected by popular vote, 8 members appointed by the president, to
serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 28 September 2006 (next to be held in
October 2011)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party -
MMD 72, PF 44, UDA 27, ULP 2, NDF 1, independents 2; seats not
determined 2

Zimbabwe
bicameral Parliament consists of a Senate (93 seats - 60
members elected by popular vote for a five-year term, 10 provincial
governors nominated by the president and the prime minister, 16
traditional chiefs elected by the Council of Chiefs, 2 seats held by
the president and deputy president of the Council of Chiefs, and 5
members appointed by the president) and a House of Assembly (210
seats - members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)
elections: last held on 28 March 2008 (next to be held in 2013)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - MDC 51.6%,
ZANU-PF 45.8%, other 2.6%; seats by party - MDC 30, ZANU-PF 30;
House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - MDC 51.3%, ZANU-PF
45.8%, other 2.9%; seats by party - MDC 109, ZANU-PF 97, other 4

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@2102

Field Listing :: Life expectancy at birth

This entry contains the average number of years to be lived by a
group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age
remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population
as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth
is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and
summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as
indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and
is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Country Comparison to the World
Country

Life expectancy at birth(years)

Afghanistan
total population: 44.65 years
male: 44.45 years
female: 44.87 years (2010 est.)

Albania
total population: 77.22 years
male: 74.65 years
female: 80.11 years (2010 est.)

Algeria
total population: 74.26 years
male: 72.57 years
female: 76.04 years (2010 est.)

American Samoa
total population: 73.97 years
male: 71.04 years
female: 77.08 years (2010 est.)

Andorra
total population: 82.36 years
male: 80.3 years
female: 84.55 years (2010 est.)

Angola
total population: 38.48 years
male: 37.48 years
female: 39.52 years (2010 est.)

Anguilla
total population: 80.77 years
male: 78.22 years
female: 83.39 years (2010 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
total population: 75.26 years
male: 73.27 years
female: 77.35 years (2010 est.)

Argentina
total population: 76.76 years
male: 73.52 years
female: 80.17 years (2010 est.)

Armenia
total population: 72.96 years
male: 69.33 years
female: 77.07 years (2010 est.)

Aruba
total population: 75.51 years
male: 72.47 years
female: 78.61 years (2010 est.)

Australia
total population: 81.72 years
male: 79.33 years
female: 84.25 years (2010 est.)

Austria
total population: 79.65 years
male: 76.74 years
female: 82.71 years (2010 est.)

Azerbaijan
total population: 67.01 years
male: 62.86 years
female: 71.67 years (2010 est.)

Bahamas, The
total population: 70.84 years
male: 68.48 years
female: 73.27 years (2010 est.)

Bahrain
total population: 75.4 years
male: 72.87 years
female: 78.01 years (2010 est.)

Bangladesh
total population: 69.44 years
male: 67.64 years
female: 71.3 years (2010 est.)