Chapter V

[78] Smith’s _The Iowa Frontier During the War of the Rebellion_ in the _Proceedings of the Pioneer Lawmakers’ Association of Iowa for 1898_, p. 56.

[79] Smith’s _The Iowa Frontier During the War of the Rebellion_ in the _Proceedings of the Pioneer Lawmakers’ Association of Iowa for 1898_, p. 56.

[80] Carpenter’s _Major William Williams_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. II, p. 151.

[81] Ingham’s _Ink-pa-du-tah’s Revenge_ in the _Midland Monthly_, Vol. IV, p. 272.

[82] The _Spirit Lake Massacre and Relief Expedition_ in the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, p. 892.

[83] Gue’s _History of Iowa_, Vol. I, p. 292; Fulton’s _Red Men of Iowa_, pp. 300, 301; _The Spirit Lake Massacre and Relief Expedition_ in the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, p. 892; Gillespie and Steele’s _History of Clay County, Iowa_, pp. 55, 56.

[84] See note 83 above and also Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), p. 43; _House Executive Documents_, 1st Session, 35th Congress, Vol. II, Pt. I, p. 357.

[85] A. Warner and Company’s _History of the Counties of Woodbury and Plymouth_, Iowa, p. 295.

[86] W. S. Dunbar and Company’s _Biographical History of Cherokee County, Iowa_, pp. 233-238.

[87] Wegerslev and Walpole’s _Past and Present of Buena Vista County, Iowa_, pp. 37, 38; Perkins’s _History of O’Brien County, Iowa_, pp. 10, 11.

[88] Flandrau’s _The Ink-pa-du-ta Massacre of 1857_ in the _Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society_, Vol. III, p. 388.

[89] Smith’s _The Iowa Frontier During the War of the Rebellion_ in the _Proceedings of the Pioneer Lawmakers’ Association of Iowa for 1898_, p. 56.

[90] Carpenter’s _Major William Williams_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. II, p. 152.

[91] Hughes’s _Causes and Results of the Inkpaduta Massacre_ in the _Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society_, Vol. XII, p. 270.

[92] For further reading concerning the character of the winter of 1856-1857 see Hubbard and Holcombe’s _Minnesota in Three Centuries_, Vol. III, p. 223; Richman’s _The Tragedy at Minnewaukon_ in _John Brown among the Quakers_, pp. 210-212; J. F. Duncombe’s _The Spirit Lake Relief Expedition of 1857_ in the _Proceedings of the Pioneer Lawmakers’ Association of Iowa for 1898_, p. 38; _The Spirit Lake Massacre and Relief Expedition_ in the _Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers_, Vol. VI, p. 892; Carpenter’s _Major William Williams_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. II, p. 152; Hughes’s _Causes and Results of the Inkpaduta Massacre_ in the _Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society_, Vol. XII, p. 270; Carpenter’s _The Spirit Lake Massacre_ in the _Midland Monthly_, Vol. IV, pp. 19, 20.