Chapter XXXI

[359] Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 274-282, 340.

[360] Judge Charles E. Flandrau in _The Ink-pa-du-ta Massacre of 1857_ in the _Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society_, Vol. III, p. 399, has this to say of Mrs. Marble after leaving St. Paul, Minnesota: “The bank [where her money had been placed] failed, and that was the end of Mrs. Marble so far as I know, except that I heard that she exhibited herself at the East, in the role of the rescued captive, and the very last information I had of her, was, that she went up in a balloon at New Orleans. I leave to future historians the solution of the problem, whether she ever came down again?”

[361] Smith’s _A History of Dickinson County, Iowa_, p. 576.

INDEX

Addington, Jesse, 150, 167, 192, 200, 204

Adel, Indian battle near, 284

Aldrich, Charles, memorial secured through efforts of, 263, 264;
reference to, 264, 266;
agitation by, for monument at lakes, 264, 265;
statement by, 301, 302

Alexander, E. B., expedition sent out by, 128;
desire of, to secure rescue of captives, 225, 226;
plans of, for punishment of Inkpaduta, 246

Algona, first settlement near, 38;
reference to, 49, 65;
Indian depredations near, 282;
Indian battle near, 284

Allegheny Mountains, 269

Allotment of land, 9, 10

American Fur Company, undue influence of, 22, 24, 25

Ammunition, demand of Indians for, 98

Anderson, Thomas, 165

Annuities, failure to fulfil promises concerning, 9, 10;
payment of traders out of, 15;
sharing of Inkpaduta in, 71;
trouble over, 240, 241, 248-251, 256;
desire of Inkpaduta to share in, 254;
reference to, 279, 293

An-pe-tu-tok-cha, ransom of Abbie Gardner by, 232-239;
speech by, 242, 243;
expedition guided by, 257

Army, method of transportation in, 247, 248

Ash Hollow, massacre at, 4, 277, 278

Ashland, 86

Ashton (South Dakota), 235

Bach Grove, 165, 309

Baker, D. H., 167

Bancroft, Indian depredations near, 282

Barnes’s Grove, 40

Beaver, shooting of, 190;
attempt of men to eat, 206, 207

Beaver Creek, 170

Bee, Barnard E., relief expedition under, 128-131;
determination of, to make expedition, 131;
activities of expedition under, 153-158;
reference to, 191;
Abbie Gardner honored by, 241;
reason for failure of, to capture Inkpaduta, 247;
service of, in Civil War, 298

Bell, Abner, 93

Benjamin, Hiram, 167

Berkley, Granville, 36

Bice, Orlando, 167

Bicknell, James, 39, 88;
robbing of home of, 89

Big Bend, 34

Big Drift Wood Lake, 252

Big Face, 74

Big Island Grove, 122;
relief expedition at, 182, 183;
evidence of Indians at, 183

Big Sioux River, 63, 65, 72, 73, 215, 218, 220, 223, 226, 229, 233;
difficulty in crossing, 221;
killing of Mrs. Thatcher while crossing, 221, 222

Bissell, George R., 169, 188

Black Buffalo, 135

Black Eagle, 64 (see Wamdisapa)

Black Hawk, defeat of, 6

Blaine (Washington), 273

Blizzard, 197, 198;
experiences of members of burial detail during, 199-202;
experiences of members of relief expedition during, 208-211, 310

Blood revenge, practice of, among Sioux, 75-77

“Bloody Run”, 34, 35

Blue Earth River, 41, 65, 66

Blue River, 277

Bonebright, 165

Boone, 32

Boone River, 31, 309;
Lott’s trading house on, 31, 32

Boonesboro, 33

Border Plains, news of massacre carried to, 163;
reference to, 166

Boyer River, 18;
depredations along, 68, 69

Bradshaw, John, 57, 58, 134, 140, 142, 149, 187, 189

Brainard, James, 165

Brewer family, 164

Brizee, George W., 167, 206;
mock court-martial of, 179

Brown, James A., visit of Indians at cabin of, 86, 87

Brown, Sam, 256, 257

Brulé Sioux Indians, campaign against, 277, 278

Buena Vista County, alarm in, 22;
settlement in, 40;
Inkpaduta’s band in, 87;
reference to, 88;
Indian depredations in, 282

Buffalo, disappearance of, 10;
reference to, 235

Bull Run, battle of, 298

Burdens, size of, carried by captives, 216, 217

Burial detail, activities of, 192-205

Burkholder, William E., 167, 192, 197, 200, 214, 266;
death of, by freezing, 204, 205;
burial of body of, 309

Burtch, Asa, 60, 61, 96, 180, 196, 289, 305

Byron (Minnesota), 272, 301

Cabin, erection of, by Gardner, 51

California, 35

California trail, 21

Call, Ambrose A., 38, 49

Call, Asa C, 38, 49

Callagan, Thomas, 166

Calumets, making of, 219

Camp fires, 171

Campbell, Joseph, 252, 256, 257

Canada, 70, 256, 290;
flight of Inkpaduta to, 255

Cannon River, 66

Captives, treatment of, by Indians, 119-121;
experiences of among Indians, 215-224;
difficulty of, in crossing stream, 219, 220;
plans for rescue of, 226, 245;
sale of, 234

Carpenter, Cyrus C, 180, 184, 264, 265, 266, 267, 309;
statement by, 182, 210, 211

Carse, Henry, 167, 192, 198;
sufferings of, 201, 202, 203

Carter, Richard, 167

Carter, R. F., 167

Carter family, 285

Carver, David N., 58, 134, 140, 148, 149;
wounding of, 141

Cassady, Sherman, 165

Catlin, George, 311

Cattle, shelter for, 51;
killing of, 85, 87, 101, 183

Cavanagh, Michael, 167

Cedar Falls, 39, 60, 89

Cedar River, 18

Center Grove Township, 46

Centerville, 33

Chatterton, Mr., 167

Cheffins, Joseph B., 58, 138;
news of massacre carried to agency by, 126, 127

Chemeuse, 33

Cherokee, settlement near, 40;
reference to, 41, 85, 87

Cherokee County, settlement in, 40;
Inkpaduta’s band in, 85

Che-tan-maza, ransom of Abbie Gardner by, 232-239;
reference to, 267

Cheyenne River, 68

Chippewa Indians, treaty with, 7;
reference to, 13, 24

Christian Indians, ransom of Mrs. Marble by, 226-231;
reference to, 312

Church, William L., 57, 177, 178, 184, 187, 189, 273

Church, Mrs. William L., 133, 156;
Indian shot by, 141

Churubusco, 177

Civil War, service of Bee in, 298

Clark, Robert, 60, 61, 100, 101, 118, 289;
attempt of, to warn settlers, 100;
burial of body of, 195

Clarke, Newman S., 18

Clay County, settlements in, 39, 40;
Inkpaduta’s band in, 88-93

Clear Lake, Grindstone War near, 26-28;
Gardner at, 48, 49;
Indian battle near, 284

Cloudman, statement by, 10

Collins, Mrs. Elwood, statement by, 212, 213

Columbus (Ohio), 244

Commissary, 169

Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 20

Company A (Relief Expedition), officers of, 166;
members of, 167;
mock court-martial by, 179;
recruits for, 180;
night camp of, 182

Company B (Relief Expedition), officers of, 166;
members of, 167;
discharge of members of, 178;
recruits for, 180

Company C (Relief Expedition), officers and members of, 165;
recruits for, 178;
celebration by, 179;
memorial to, at Webster City, 263, 264;
reference to, 309

Congress, appeal to Iowa delegation in, 20;
appropriations by, for relief of Spirit Lake sufferers, 260-263

Conlan, Patrick, 165

Connecticut, 47

Conrad, Julius, 167

Corn, picking of, by Indians, 78, 79

Correctionville, 41;
Inkpaduta’s band at, 84, 85

Corsau, Mr. 213

Coursalle, Mr., information given by, 153, 154;
service of, as guide, 154-156;
reference to, 158, 215, 300

Coursalle, Mrs. 156

Coursalle’s Grove, 153

Coursalle’s trading post, 136

Court-martial, 179

Courts, inability of Indians to sue in, 14

Crawford, L. D., 167

Credit, giving of, to Indians, 25

Crouse, A. E., 167

Crow Wing (Minnesota), 279

Cullen, W. J., statement by, 15, 16;
efforts of, to secure expedition of Indians, 248-252;
difficulties of, with Indians, 253, 254;
reference to, 261

Custer massacre, Inkpaduta at, 255

Cylinder Creek, 61, 179, 198, 209, 210, 214;
rise in, 207;
camp on, 210, 211;
breaking up of expedition after crossing, 211

Dakota City, march of relief expedition to, 172, 173;
reference to, 174, 176, 179;
Indian depredations at, 282

Dakota River, 63, 234

Dakota Territory, sufferings of Indians in, 43, 67, 73, 82, 219,
245, 248, 291

Dallas County, 285

Dalley, Henry E., 165, 192, 202, 203, 307

Darke County (Ohio), 229

Dawson, J. W., 167

Debts, payment of, to traders, 14-16

Defense, preparations for, at Springfield, 132-137

De Fore, William, 167

De Foe, William A., 167, 184, 192

Delaware County, 54

Des Moines, 36, 265

Des Moines City, 56

Des Moines River, 17, 19, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 37, 41, 56, 63, 68,
73, 122, 124, 129, 132, 139, 153, 161, 179 181, 183, 185, 193,
198, 202, 205;
settlements along, 38, 39;
march of relief expedition up, 172

Des Moines Valley, 35, 160, 179;
settlements in, 39

Dickerson, James, trouble of, with Indians, 27

Dickerson, Mrs. James, 27

Dickinson County, early visitors in, 44;
reference to, 229

Dog, eating of, by Indians, 217, 237, 238

Dragoon Trail, 180

Dry Wood, 290

Dubuque, 17, 30, 244

Duncombe, John F., 166, 171, 174, 176, 188, 190, 208, 264, 265;
laudanum taken by, 176, 177

Dungan, Warren S., 268

Earth Lodges, 234

East Okoboji Lake, 46, 161

Eastman, Charles, 255

Edyington (Ohio), 48

Elk, hunting of, by Indians, 79

Elk Rapids, 33

Emmet, 41

Emmet County, 39, 122

Emmetsburg, beginning of, 38, 39, 181

End of the Snake, captives purchased by, 234

Erie, John 165

Estherville, 41

Europe, 4

Evans, Jeremiah, 177, 178

Exile, method of becoming, 291

Farney, John, 167

Fenton, Charles T., 164, 263

Fire, method of starting, 202, 203

Fire Cloud, 74;
killing of, 253

Flandrau, Charles E., news of massacre carried to Fort Ridgely by,
128;
account of expedition by, 130, 131;
activities of, upon receipt of news of massacre, 225, 226;
reference to, 229, 242, 243, 259, 267, 317;
Indians paid by, for ransom of Mrs. Marble, 230, 231;
efforts of, to secure release of captives, 232, 233;
Mrs. Marble taken to St. Paul by, 239, 240;
payment of Indians secured by, 245;
payment of bond issued by, 245, 246;
plans of, for punishment of Inkpaduta, 246;
investigation and report by, 247, 248;
expedition against Indians raised by, 256-259

Flandrau (South Dakota), 220, 224

Florida, 247

Flour, demand of Indians for, 102;
confiscation of, 180

Food, journey east to secure, 59-61;
giving of, to Indians, 97, 98, 116;
lack of, among Indians, 217, 218

Ford, William N., 167, 192

Fort Clarke, establishment of, 17;
change of name of, 281

Fort Dodge (military post), establishment of, 17, 280, 281;
reference to, 18, 19;
abandonment of, 18;
naming of, 281

Fort Dodge (town), alarm near, 20;
reference to, 28, 30, 31, 33, 34, 37, 39, 59, 99, 102, 125, 151,
159, 160, 178, 180, 184, 189, 196, 211, 215, 244, 266, 272,
295, 301, 305, 309;
company raised at, 35;
settlements northwest of, 38;
news of depredations taken to, 92, 93;
attempt to organize relief party at, 93;
plan of Gardner to make trip to, 96, 97;
news of massacre carried to, 124;
organization of relief expedition at, 159-169;
arrival of Howe and Wheelock at, 162;
arrival of Webster City company at, 164, 165;
departure of relief expedition from, 170;
return of part of men to, 199;
return of members of relief expedition to, 213, 214

Fort Kearney, 277

Fort Laramie, 21, 277

Fort Leavenworth, 277

Fort Pierre, 82, 277

Fort Randall, 18

Fort Ridgely, establishment of, 18;
reference to, 35, 72, 130, 138, 139, 143, 147, 158, 178, 179,
225, 241, 242, 246, 249, 256;
news of massacre carried to, 122-127;
sending of relief expedition from, 128-131;
arrival of relief expedition from, 153-158

Fort Snelling, 17, 18, 280, 281

Fort Wayne (Indiana), 272

Franklin County, 54

Freeborn, William, 39

Fremont, John C., 45

Frontier, advance of, 1-8;
disreputable elements on, 11, 23;
failure of government to protect, 12;
lack of protection on, 17-25;
settlements on, in 1857, 37-41;
winter of 1856-1857 on, 42, 43;
plan for attacks on, 69, 74;
efforts to secure protection of, 260;
tribute to services of pioneers on, 268;
disappearance of, 269

Frost, Nathaniel, 58, 153;
trip of, to Slocum’s farm, 135

Fuller House, 240, 242

Funk, A. B., 265, 316

Funk family, 164

Gaboo, Joe, 153, 156, 300

Galbraith, Agent, 254

“Galena” (steamboat), 244

Gales, John, 167

Game, disappearance of, 10, 11, 42

Gar Lake, 160

Gardner, Abbie, 47, 103, 113, 121, 228, 234, 245, 246, 267;
taking of, as captive, 103, 104;
early experiences of, in captivity, 111, 112;
burden borne by, 216, 217;
attitude of, toward captivity, 220;
history of ransom of, 232-244;
price paid for ransom of, 237;
journey of, from Yellow Medicine to St. Paul, 240-242;
ceremony in honor of, 242, 243;
war bonnet presented to, 243;
return of, to friends in Iowa, 244;
marriage of, 270
(see Sharp, Mrs. Abbie Gardner)

Gardner, Eliza, 47, 57, 121, 133, 195, 244, 270

Gardner, Francis M., 118

Gardner, Mary, 47;
marriage of, 50

Gardner, Rowland, migrations of, 47-50;
arrival of, at Lake Okoboji, 50;
settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 50-53;
reference to, 57, 118, 133;
camp of Indians near cabin of, 95, 96;
plan of, for trip to Fort Dodge, 96, 97;
first visit of Indians to cabin of, 97, 98;
fears of, 99, 100;
killing of cattle of, 101;
suspense in cabin of, 101;
desire of, to resist Indians, 102;
massacre at cabin of, 102-104;
pillaging of cabin of, 104;
discovery of massacre at cabin of, 123;
burial of victims of massacre at cabin of, 195;
burial party at cabin of, 195, 196;
monument near cabin of, 266;
preëmpting of claim of, 270

Gardner, Rowland, Jr., 47, 118;
killing of, 103

Gardner, Mrs. Rowland, 51, 97;
unwillingness of, to resist Indians, 102;
effort of, to prevent murder, 102;
killing of, 103

Gates, Emery W., 165, 171, 213;
meal cooked by, 179

Gates, John, 165

Gens, meaning of, 290

Gillespie, Mrs., 273

Gillett brothers, visit of Indians to, 91, 92;
Indian killed by, 92;
flight of, 92

Gillett, Mrs. 92

Gillett’s Grove, settlement at, 39;
reference to, 41, 53, 94, 113;
Inkpaduta’s band at, 91, 92

Goodenough, Lee, 194, 307

Governor, 262, 263, 265

Government (see United States government)

Granger, Carl, settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 52, 53;
reference to, 105, 118;
killing of, 107;
burial of body of, 195

Granger, George, settlement of, 39;
journey of, to Springfield, 124, 125;
reference to, 132, 135, 150

Granger, William, settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 52, 53

Granger’s Point, news of massacre carried to, 124;
reference to, 150, 151, 152, 158, 160, 189, 196, 206;
march of relief expedition to, 182-191;
arrival of relief expedition at, 190, 191;
return of men to, 198

Gray Foot, ransom of Mrs. Marble by, 226-231

Great American Desert, 269

Green, Johnny, 33

Greenwood (New York), 47

Griffith, Josiah, 165

Grimes, James W., 19, 162, 168, 282, 295;
efforts of, to secure frontier protection, 20;
refusal of, to call out militia, 21;
letter to Pierce from, 21, 22

Grindstone War, events of, 26-28;
reference to, 49

Gun-caps, giving of, to Indians, 98

Guns, taking of, from Indians, 80;
re-taking of, by Indians, 82

Hamilton County, 36, 265, 286;
memorial in court house of, 263, 264

Hammond, Robert, treatment of, by Indians, 84

Hampton, 54, 55, 60, 110, 244, 270, 272

Harney, General, campaign of, 4, 82;
attitude of Sioux toward, 82;
massacre of Indians by troops under, 277, 278

Harriott, Isaac H., settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 52, 53;
reference to, 98, 99, 105, 118;
killing of, 106, 107;
burial of body of, 195

Harrison County, alarm in, 20, 22

Harshman, Joseph, 55, 105, 118;
killing of, 106, 107

Harshman, Mr., 57, 58

Hathaway, A. Newton, 165, 184, 212, 213

Hay, making of, 51

Hazelwood Republic, 312

Hefley, John, 167

Hempstead, Stephen, 19, 28

Henderson, John, 58, 134, 142, 145, 158, 302;
abandonment of, 152

Heron Lake, journey of Inkpaduta’s band to, 113-121;
arrival of Indians at, 120;
reference to, 131, 139, 145, 146, 216, 218;
journey of expedition to, 154, 155

Hewett, Mr. 26

Hickey, James, 165

Hillock, Humphrey C., 165

His Great Gun, 74

Hogs, killing of, 85, 87

Holcombe, Mr., statement by, 255

Homer, inquest at, 35, 36;
news of massacre carried to, 163;
reference to, 166, 286

Hood, Andrew, 180

Hoover, Harris, 165, 209

Horses, killing of, 85;
use of, by Indians, 113, 114;
treatment of, by Indians, 218

Howe, Alfred, 118, 296

Howe, Jacob, 111, 118, 296;
burial of body of, 194

Howe, Joel, settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 54, 55;
reference to, 60, 118;
killing of, 109;
massacre at cabin of, 109, 110;
discovery of massacre at cabin of, 123, 161;
burial of victims of massacre at cabin of, 193, 194;
burial of body of, 194;
finding of body of, 307, 308

Howe, Mrs. Joel, 108;
killing of, 109

Howe, Jonathan, 54, 60, 61, 118, 289, 296

Howe, Millie, 118

Howe, Orlando C., visit of, to lake region, 159, 160;
return of, to Jasper County, 160;
second trip of, to lakes, 160, 161;
massacre discovered by, 160, 161;
news taken to Fort Dodge by, 161, 162;
reference to, 167, 192, 196, 297

Howe, Philetus, 118, 296

Howe, Sardis, 118, 296

Howell, D. F., 167

Howland, M. W., 165, 209

Hughes, Thomas, 280

Humboldt County, alarm in, 22;
Lott’s cabin in, 34;
Indian depredations in, 282

Illinois, 181

Indian agent, activities of, in behalf of captives, 225, 226,
229, 230, 231

Indian agents, lack of power on part of, 13, 24

Indians, attitude of, toward whites, 2, 3;
refusal of, to work, 3, 4;
military expeditions against, 4;
title to Iowa soil ceded by, 5-8;
wrongs done to, 9-16;
criminals among, 12;
liquor traffic among, 13;
power of traders over, 13-16, 24, 25;
reasons for resentment of, 22-25;
outlaw band of, 29, 63-71;
feeling of, after murder of Sidominadota, 36;
attitude of, toward advancing frontier, 37, 38;
sufferings of, during winter of 1856-1857, 43;
feeding of, by settlers, 61, 62;
treatment of captives by, 112, 119-121, 215-224;
preparations for defense against, 132-137;
attack on Springfield by, 138-146;
flight of settlers from, 147-152;
nearness of troops to camp of, 156, 157;
evidence of presence of, 183;
fugitives mistaken for, 185, 186;
guard against surprise by, 189;
attitude of, toward pipestone quarry, 218, 219;
trouble with, over annuities, 240, 241, 248-251;
plan for campaign against, 246;
disappearance of, 269, 270;
depredations by, 282;
effect of whiskey on, 283;
record of massacre made by, 297
(see also Sioux Indians, Sac and Fox Indians, etc.)

Inkpaduta, 18, 131, 160, 183;
description of band under, 63-71;
expulsion of, from gens, 63, 64;
ambitions of, 66, 71;
murders by, 66, 67;
evil reputation of, 67, 68;
depredations by band under, 68, 69;
disintegration of band under, 69, 70;
description of, 69, 70;
character of, 70, 71;
plan of, to secure revenge, 72-77;
movements of band under, 72-74;
members of band under, 73, 74;
reasons for desire of, for revenge, 74-77;
relations between Sidominadota and, 75, 76;
actions of band under, at Smithland, 78-83;
depredations by, between Smithland and Lake Okoboji, 84-93;
first day of massacre by band under, 94-107;
second day of massacre by band under, 108-112;
massacre of Marble by Indians under, 113-118;
activities of Indians under, at Heron Lake, 120, 121;
attack on Springfield by, 138-146;
pursuit of, by Captain Bee, 154-157;
nearness of troops to Indians under, 156, 157;
pursuit of, abandoned, 157, 158;
treatment of captives by Indians under, 215-224;
plans for rescue of captives held by, 226;
ransom of Mrs. Marble from band under, 226-231;
moving of camp by, 233, 234;
sale of captives by, 234;
efforts to punish, 245-259;
pursuit of, by Indians, 252, 253;
killing of son of, 253, 258;
defection in band under, 253;
end of efforts to punish, 254;
later life of, 254-256;
death of, 256;
last expedition against Indians under, 256-259;
appropriations for expeditions against, 260-263;
explanation of condition of Indians under, 290;
exile of, 291;
number of Indians under, 293

Iowa, attitude of Indians toward, 3;
extinguishment of Indian title to soil of, 5-8;
lack of frontier protection in, 17-25;
winter of 1856-1857 in, 42, 43;
reference to, 43, 67, 256, 278;
Inkpaduta’s band in, 68, 69;
return of Abbie Gardner to, 244;
memorial tributes of, to persons involved in massacre, 260-268;
amount received by, for Spirit Lake Relief Expedition, 261-263;
appropriation by legislature of, 262;
Indian warfare in, 284

Iowa City, 41

Iowa Indians, removal of, from Iowa, 6;
murder of, by Sioux, 290

Iowa River, 281

Irish Colony, 38, 61, 180, 193, 196, 198, 201, 206, 207, 210, 309;
march of relief expedition to, 180;
relief expedition at, 181;
refugees sent to, 189;
reaching of, by burial party, 203, 204

Ishtahabah, 284

Jackson, Frank D., 265

Jackson, Thomas E., sobriquet of, 298

Jackson (Minnesota), 37, 266;
settlement at, 38

Jacques River (see James River)

Jagmani, 279

James River, 63, 215, 234, 235, 238;
rendezvous of Indians on, 65

Jasper County, 159, 160

John Other Day, ransom of Abbie Gardner by, 232-239;
expedition guided by, 257;
services of, at time of massacre of 1862, 312

Johns, John, 35

Johnson, Albert S., 167, 184

Johnson, John C., 165, 192, 194, 200, 214, 266, 307, 309;
enlistment of, 165, 166;
burial detail commanded by, 192;
division in party under, 196, 197;
sufferings of party under command of, 199-205;
efforts to find, 204;
death of, by freezing, 204, 205

Johnston, Albert Sidney, 246

Joshpaduta, story concerning, 285, 286

Kane County (Illinois), 38

Kanesville, 40

Kansas, 82

Kasominee, 284

Kellogg, Elias D., 165, 192, 202, 203

Kirchner, Christian, 93

Kirchner, J. A., 39, 40

Kirchner, Jacob, 39, 40, 88;
ill-treatment of family of, by Indians, 89

Koons, William N., 166

Kossuth County, alarm in, 22;
Indian depredations in, 282

Knoxville, 194

Lac D’Esprit, 44

Lac qui Parle, 229

La Framboise, Joseph, 130, 154, 155, 215

Lake Benton, 254

Lake Herman, 233

Lake Madison, 224, 233, 234, 236

Lake M’da Chan-Pta-Ya Tonka, 224

Lake Okoboji, attitude of Indians toward, 1;
settlement at, 39;
reference to, 41, 88, 137, 142;
early visitors at, 44;
early accounts of, 44, 45;
description of, 46, 47;
arrival of Gardner at, 47, 50;
settlement on shores of, 50-56;
first day of massacre at, 94-107;
second day of massacre at, 108-112;
visit of Howe to, 159, 160;
monument at, 266-268

Lake with a Grove of Big Trees, 224

Lakeville Township, 46

Land, cession of, by Indians, 4-8;
allotment of, to Indians, 9, 10

Land office, 38

Larrabee, William, 264

Laughlin, William K., 165, 184, 185, 192, 200, 201, 264;
men kept awake by, 201, 202;
fire started by, 202, 203;
crossing of river effected by, 203, 204

Laut, Agnes C., 302

Lebourveau, Mr., 86

Lee, L. P., Abbie Gardner escorted by, 244

Leonard, A. S., 165

Lewis and Clark expedition, 44

Lime Creek, 27, 28, 48

Linn, James, 166

Linn County, 55, 229

Liquor-dealers, activities of, among Indians, 13

Little Big Horn, battle of, 70, 255

Little Crow, disturbance quieted by, 251;
placing of, in command of expedition, 251, 252;
expedition under, 252, 253;
uprising under, 254, 255

Little Paul, ransom of Abbie Gardner by, 232-239

Little Rock River, 130

Little Sioux River, 1, 30, 38, 46, 73, 78, 82, 84, 85, 87, 90,
91, 93, 95, 293;
settlements along, 39, 40

Little Thunder, 277

Live stock, killing of, 85

Lizard Creek, 35, 38, 40, 284;
settlements along, 39

Loon Lake, 72, 160

Long, Steve, 240

Long, Mrs. Steve, 240

Lost Island Lake, 113

Lott, Henry, character of, 31;
whiskey traffic carried on by, 31, 32;
attack of Indians upon, 32, 33;
murder of Sidominadota by, 34-36;
reference to, 68;
location of cabin of, 285

Lott, Mrs. Henry, 285

Lott, Milton, death of, 33;
marker on grave of, 285

Lott’s Creek, 34, 211, 212

Luce, Albert, 50, 118

Luce, Amanda, 50, 118

Luce, Harvey, 48, 61, 97, 100, 101, 108, 118, 122, 180;
family of, 50;
settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 50-53;
journey of, east for supplies, 59-61;
return of, to Lake Okoboji, 96;
attempt of, to warn settlers, 100;
killing of cattle of, 101;
burial of body of, 195

Luce, Mrs. Harvey, 51, 97;
effort of, to prevent murder, 102;
killing of, 103

Luce, Mary M., 118

Luce children, killing of, 103

McBane, Angus, 180, 309

McCarty, Michael, 167

McCauley, William, 167

McCleary, George W., 20, 282

McClure, G. F., 167

McCormick, Robert, 167, 180, 192, 200

McFarland, John N., 167

McGowan, Eliza Gardner, 272

McKnight’s Point, 171, 174, 175;
relief expedition at, 176-179;
departure of relief expedition from, 179

McMurray, Mayor, 264

McNab, John, 158

Madelia (Minnesota), 130

Madison, Robert, 54, 118;
killing of, 106, 107

Madison (South Dakota), 224

Madison Grove, Indians at, 113

Madrid, 285

Madrid Historical Society, 285

Mahan, E., 167

Maher, Michael, 167

Ma-kpe-ya-ka-ho-ton, ransom of Mrs. Marble by, 226-231

Mak-pi-a-pe-ta, killing of, 253

Malcolm, A. S., 167

Manitoba, Inkpaduta in, 255

Mankato (Minnesota), 41, 56, 129

Marble, William, settlement of, at Spirit Lake, 55;
massacre of, 113-118, 296;
taking of money from body of, 117;
reference to, 118;
visit of Markham and Palmer to cabin of, 137;
burial of body of, 158;
preëmpting of claim of, 270

Marble, Mrs. William, 115, 116, 156, 222, 223, 233, 234, 242,
245, 246;
taking of, as captive, 117;
burden borne by, 216;
attitude of, toward captivity, 220;
history of ransom of, 225-231;
information secured from, 232;
reception of, at St. Paul, 239, 240;
later life of, 271, 317

Marion County, 31

Markham, Morris, 55, 132, 134, 135, 140, 142, 147, 148, 149, 189;
discovery of massacre by, 122-124;
news carried to Springfield by, 124, 125;
doubt concerning story of, 136;
proof of story of, 136, 137;
oxen secured by, 148, 149

Marsh, James M., attack on, 17, 30, 31

Marshalltown, 272

Massacre of 1862, services of John Other Day during, 312

Mason, B. S., 164

Mason, Frank R., 165, 184, 185, 187, 188;
experiences of party guided by, 211-213

Mason, Solon, 166, 208, 209

Mason City, 27, 48, 49, 272

Masonic Grove, 27

Ma-to-wa-ken, 238, 243

Mattock, Agnes, 118

Mattock, Alice, 118

Mattock, Daniel, 118

Mattock, Jackson A., 118

Mattock, Jacob M., 118

Mattock, James H., settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 53, 54;
camp of Indians near cabin of, 95, 96;
reference to, 99, 118, 123;
plan to concentrate at cabin of, 100;
failure of warning to reach, 101;
massacre at cabin of, 105-107, 295;
killing of, 106, 107;
burning of cabin of, 106;
discovery of massacre at cabin of, 161;
burial of victims of massacre at cabin of, 194, 195

Mattock, Mrs. James H., killing of, 106, 107

Mattock, Mary M., 118

Mattock children, killing of, 106

Mattock’s Grove, 54

Maxwell, J. D., 163

Maxwell, John N., 165, 175, 176, 184, 185, 192, 194, 200, 202,
264, 307;
effort of, to secure aid, 176, 177;
men kept awake by, 201, 202;
crossing of river effected by, 203, 204

Ma-za-ku-ta-ma-ni, speech by, 242, 243, 253, 254;
reference to, 269, 312

Mdewakanton Sioux Indians, treaty made by, 7, 8;
council with, 249

Mead, Ambrose S., 39, 40, 88, 93;
ill treatment of family of, by Indians, 89, 90

Mead, Mrs. Ambrose S., 89;
captivity of, 90

Mead, Emma, 90

Mead, Hattie, 90

Medary, Governor, 240, 245;
speech by, 242, 243;
Abbie Gardner escorted by, 244

Medium Lake, settlement at, 38, 181;
march of relief expedition to, 170-181;
relief expedition at, 181;
departure of relief expedition from, 182;
reference to, 183, 193, 207, 209

Mendota (Minnesota), treaty made at, 7, 8, 15, 19;
annuities under treaty of, 248

Merrill, Governor, 316

Mexican War, 177

Michigan, 229

Milford (Massachusetts), 86

Milford Colony, 40;
Inkpaduta’s band at, 85, 86

Milford Emigration Company, 40

Military administration, attitude of Flandrau toward, 247

Military campaigns, purpose of, 4

Militia, refusal of Grimes to call out, 21

Militia company, organization of, at Smithland, 80, 81

Miller, William, 34

Minnesota, 18, 37, 41, 43, 46, 56, 65, 67, 70, 218, 245, 247,
248, 251, 278, 312;
Inkpaduta’s band in, 68;
excitement in, at news of massacre, 225;
efforts of, to punish Indians, 260;
reimbursement of, by Federal government, 261-263

Minnesota River, 7, 18, 29, 40, 128, 129, 242, 278, 312

Minnetonka, 45

Minnewaukon, 45

Mississippi River, 256

Mississippi Valley, 21;
changes in, 269, 270

Missouri River, 6, 18, 21, 40, 68, 154, 234, 236, 255

Monona County, alarm in, 20, 22

Montana, 255

Monument, agitation for, 264, 265;
law providing for, 265;
commission to secure erection of, 265, 266;
erection of, 266;
dedication of, 267, 268

Moody, F. R., 165

Moon, A., 164

Mormons, 40;
expedition against, 246

Morrissey, Daniel, 167

Mud Creek, crossing of, 200

Mud Lake, 182, 206;
Indian battle at, 284

Murray, Jonas, 167, 204;
party guided by, 200

Murray County (Minnesota), 68

Murry, Alexander, relief expedition under, 128-131;
reference to, 154, 156, 157, 215, 256, 258;
activities of troops under, 158;
gift of, to Abbie Gardner, 241, 242

Musquakie Indians, 33;
warfare between Sioux and, 284
(see also Sac and Fox Indians)

Myerly, J. G., 316, 317

Nebraska, 21, 82

Nelson, William, 58, 134, 153

Nelson, Mrs. William, 134, 152

Neutral Ground, establishment and disposal of, 5, 6

New England, lakes in, 47

New Haven (Connecticut), 47

New Orleans, 317

New York, 39, 50;
lakes in, 47

Newton, 159

Nicollet, J. N., map made by, 45

Noble, Alvin, settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 54, 55;
massacre at cabin of, 110, 111;
reference to, 118, 122;
discovery of massacre at cabin of, 123, 124, 161;
burial of victims of massacre at cabin of, 193

Noble, Mrs. Alvin, taking of, as captive, 111;
early experience of, in captivity, 111, 112;
reference to, 113, 117, 194, 222, 237, 246, 258, 296;
attitude of, toward captivity, 220, 223;
attempt at ransom of, 228;
death of, 234, 235, 313

Noble, John, 118

Nolan, John, 165

Nora Springs, 28, 48

North Platte River, 277

Northwestern frontier, efforts to secure protection of, 260

Northwestern Iowa, character of, 41, 42

Nowland, John, 165

O’Brien County, first settler in, 40;
Inkpaduta’s band in, 87, 88;
reference to, 88

Oglala Sioux Indians, campaign against, 277, 278

Ohio, 31;
Gardner in, 48

Okeson, Daniel, 167;
discharge of, 178

Okoboji, Lake (see Lake Okoboji)

Okoboji South Beach Company, 266

O’Laughlin, John, 167;
discharge of, 178

Old Man, 74

Omaha Indians, 20, 81

Onawa, 86

Oregon trail, 21

Other Day (see John Other Day)

Oto Indians, 20

Ottawa Indians, treaty with, 7

Oxen, difficulty of transportation by means of, 170, 173, 174

Palmer, Jareb, 58, 132, 142, 149, 189, 267;
trip of, to Slocum’s farm, 135;
journey of, to lakes, 136, 137;
aid secured by, 150

Palo Alto County, alarm in, 22;
reference to, 61

Parkhurst, Lemuel, cabin of, visited by Indians, 86

Parkhurst, Mrs. Lemuel, 86

Parmenter, B. F., visit of, to lake region, 159, 160;
return of, to Jasper County, 160;
second trip of, to lakes, 160, 161;
massacre discovered by, 160, 161;
oxen left in charge of, 161, 162;
reference to, 167, 192, 196

Paul Ma-za-ku-ta-ma-ni, ransom of Abbie Gardner by, 232-239

Pea, Henry, 32

Pea’s Point, 32;
relief party from, 33

Pemberton, J. C, 165

Pennsylvania, 31, 309

Pension, 317

Peterson, settlement near, 39;
reference to, 41;
Inkpaduta’s band at, 88-91

Peterson Granite Company, 266

Phips, Mr., 229

Pierce, Franklin, 21

Pillsbury’s Point, Gardner cabin on, 51, 271

Pilot Rock, settlement near, 40;
Inkpaduta’s band at, 85

Pioneers, attitude of Indians toward, 11, 12;
tribute to memory of, 268

Pipestone quarry, Inkpaduta’s band at, 218;
attitude of Indians toward, 218, 219

Pollock, William P., 180

Porter, W. F., 167

Pottawattamie Indians, treaty with, 6, 7;
reference to, 33

Powder, demand of Indians for, 98

Prairie, difficulty of travel on, 173;
hardships of camping on, 175, 176;
flooding of, by rain, 207;
blizzard on, 210

Prairie du Chien, treaties made at, 5;
violation of treaties made at, 64;
reference to, 290

Prescott, J. S., 270

Prescott, Philander, 130

President of United States, 20

Provisions, securing of, 164

Putting on Walking, 74

Quartermaster, 169

Raccoon River, 90

Railroad, terminus of, 41

Rations, issuing of, 184

Rattling, 74

Ravines, difficulty in crossing, 172, 173, 174

Red Leg, 74

Red Pipestone Quarry, Inkpaduta at, 255

Red Rock, 31

“Red Top” band of Indians, 63

Red Wing (Minnesota), 39, 52, 53, 54, 106, 107

Redwood Agency, news of massacre carried to, 126, 127;
reference to, 241, 251, 256

Refugees, rescue of, 186-189

Relief expedition, sending of, from Fort Ridgely, 128-131;
arrival of, at Springfield, 153-158;
organization of, at Fort Dodge and Webster City, 159-169;
march of, to Medium Lake, 170-181;
march of, from Medium Lake to Granger’s Point, 182-191;
activities of burial detail sent out by, 192-205;
death of members of, 204, 205;
return of, to Fort Dodge and Webster City, 206-214;
money received for expenses of, 261-263;
experiences of, in blizzard, 310;
pension for survivors of, 317

Relief party, failure of, 90, 91;
attempt to organize, 93

Reno, Major, 255

Revenge, plan of Inkpaduta to secure, 72-77

Rexville (New York), 47, 48

Richards, Charles B., 162, 166, 179, 182, 188, 192, 193, 208, 264;
story by, 206, 207;
statement by, 309

Richards, W. S., 268

Richardson, Alonzo, 165

Ridgeway, L. B., 167

Riggs, Stephen R., 226, 229, 231, 312;
efforts of, to secure release of captives, 232

Roaring Cloud, 73, 74;
murder of Mrs. Noble by, 234;
killing of, 258

Robinson, Mr., 241

Rosenkrans, S. B., 164

Ross, Enoch, relief party under, 90, 91

Ryan, Enoch, 60, 61, 118, 289;
killing of, 110;
burial of body of, 193

Sac and Fox Indians, treaties made by, 5, 6;
reference to, 26, 29, 64, 65, 66;
warfare between Sioux and, 284

Sac City, 86;
relief party from, 90, 91

Sac County, alarm in, 22

Sacred Plume, 74

St. Paul, excitement in, at news of massacre, 225;
arrival of Mrs. Marble in, 229, 230;
Mrs. Marble at, 239, 240;
journey of Abbie Gardner to, 241, 242;
ceremony in honor of Abbie Gardner at, 242, 243;
reference to, 317

Santee Sioux Indians, 65, 71, 255

Saulsbury, E. W., 164

Scalp dance, 94, 108;
description of, 104, 105

“Scarlet Point”, 63
(see Inkpaduta)

Scouting party, activities of, 183-186, 189, 190

Searles, W., 167

Secretary of Interior, order by, 246, 247, 261

Se-ha-ho-ta, ransom of Mrs. Marble by, 226-231

Seneca (New York), 47

Sergeant Bluff, 20

Settlements, advance of, 3;
line of, in 1857, 37-41

Settlers, desire of, for Indian lands, 9;
attitude of Indians toward, 11, 12;
failure of government to protect, 12, 17-25;
cause of massacre of, 13;
abandonment of homes by, 18, 19;
alarm among, 20, 21, 22, 28;
attacks on, instigated by traders, 25;
depredations among, 31, 68, 69, 78-83, 84-93;
advance of, to northwest, 37, 38, 41, 42;
isolation of, 40, 41;
difficulties of, during winter of 1856-1857, 42, 43;
arrival of, at lakes, 50-56;
names of, at Springfield, 56-58;
Indians fed by, 61, 62;
flight of, from Springfield, 147-152;
preempting of claims by, 270

Shakopee (Minnesota), 242

Sharp, Mrs. Abbie Gardner, 70, 94, 105, 156, 157, 217, 235, 265,
266, 267;
efforts of, to secure monument, 265;
later life of, 270, 271;
characterization of Sioux by, 292
(see also Gardner, Abbie)

Sharp, Casville, marriage of Abbie Gardner and, 270

Sheehan, T. J., 254

Shell Rock, Gardner at, 48;
reference to, 60

Shell Rock Valley, 48

Sherman, George B., 169, 180

Sherman, Major, 249, 250, 259

Shiegley, Adam P., 57, 134, 135, 152, 158

Shifting Wind, 74

Shippey’s Point, 61, 96, 199, 305;
march of relief expedition to, 179, 180;
members of relief expedition at, 208, 209;
breaking up of expedition at, 211

Sidell (California), 271

Sidominadota, depredations by band under, 29-31;
attack of, on Lott, 32;
murder of, 34, 285;
murder of family of, 34-36;
reference to, 63;
flight of, from Inkpaduta, 68;
relation of murder of, to Spirit Lake Massacre, 74-77

Silbaugh, Mr., 271

Sioux City, 37, 41

Sioux Indians, Mecca of, 1;
government dealings with, 1-8;
campaign of Harney against, 4;
treaties between Sacs and Foxes and, 5, 6;
wrongs done to, 9-16;
government attitude toward, 12;
retirement of, 17;
depredations by, 17-25;
attitude of, toward whites, 22, 23;
retrogression of, 23, 24;
trouble with, near Clear Lake, 26-28;
attack of, on Lott, 32;
sufferings of, during winter of 1856-1857, 43;
outlaw band of, 63-71;
relationship among, 75;
practice of blood revenge among, 75-77;
attitude of, toward Harney, 82;
scalp dance of, 94;
attitude of, toward pipestone quarry, 218, 219;
receptions of Inkpaduta’s band by, 223;
demand for punishment of, 225;
trouble over payment of annuities to, 248-251;
expedition of, against Inkpaduta, 252, 253;
difficulties of Cullen with, 253, 254;
excitement among, 258, 259;
reservation given to, 278;
conspiracy among, 282;
warfare between Sacs and Foxes and, 284;
Inkpaduta pitied by, 289, 290;
method of becoming exile among, 291;
characterization of, 292
(see also Wahpekuta Sioux, Yankton Sioux, etc.)

Sioux outbreak, Inkpaduta in, 254, 255

Sioux Rapids, settlements near, 39;
reference to, 40, 41, 91, 92, 93

Sisseton Sioux Indians, treaty made by, 7, 8;
depredations by, 29-31;
reference to, 75, 251;
council with, 253

Sitting Bull, 70, 255

Skinner, J. B., 57, 134, 152

Skinner, Mrs. J. B., 134, 152

Skunk Creek, 224

Skunk Lake, 224, 225, 226, 246, 252

Sleds, use of, by Indians, 113, 114;
use of, by settlers in flight, 149;
transportation in army by means of, 247

Sleepy-Eye, rendezvous of, 183

Slocum, Isaac, farm of, 129, 130, 131, 135

Smith, Frances M., 47

Smith, George P., 167, 192, 200, 204, 205

Smith, Guernsey, 167, 208

Smith, Mr., 187

Smith, Robert, 58, 134, 142, 145, 158, 302;
abandonment of, 152

Smith, Mrs. Robert, 134, 151, 152, 302

Smith, Roderick A., 167, 192, 196, 266, 267, 297

Smith, Seth, 81

Smith, Winton, 167

Smith’s Point, cabin on, 52

Smithland, settlement at, 40;
reference to, 73, 84, 86, 293;
actions of Inkpaduta’s band at, 78-88

Smoky Moccasin, news given by, 135, 136;
reference to, 300

Snake Creek, 235, 238, 253

Snow, depth of, 42, 43, 59, 170;
difficulties in marching through, 173, 174, 247

Snow-blindness, 172

Snowshoes, use of, recommended, 248

Snyder, Bertell E., settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 52, 53;
reference to, 98, 99, 105, 118;
killing of, 106, 107

Soldiers, fear of, by Indians, 215, 233;
desire of Indians to be accompanied by, 249, 250

Sounding Heavens, ransom of Mrs. Marble by, 226-231

South Bend (Minnesota), 129, 131

Spencer, Owen S., 167, 192, 200

Spencer, 90

Spink County (South Dakota), 313

Spirit Lake, attitude of Indians toward, 1;
settlement at, 39;
reference to, 41, 120, 128, 131, 135, 136, 154, 159, 191, 229;
early visitors to, 44;
early accounts of, 44, 45;
description of, 46, 47;
settlement of Marble on shore of, 55;
massacre on shore of, 113-118;
journey of Palmer and Markham to, 137;
journey of troops to, 158

Spirit Lake (South Dakota), 65, 72

Spirit Lake Massacre, cause of, 1, 2;
scene of, 46;
relation of murder of Sidominadota to, 74-77;
first day of, 94-107;
second day of, 108-112;
pictographic representation of, 118, 119, 297;
discovery of, by Markham, 122-124;
news of, carried to Springfield and Fort Ridgely, 122-127;
discovery of, by Howe and others, 159-161;
burial of victims of, 192-195;
memorial tributes to persons involved in, 260-268;
later lives of survivors of, 270, 271;
warning of, 286

Spirit Lake Relief Expedition (see Relief expedition)

Spirit Lake Township, 46

Spirit Walker, 226;
Mrs. Marble at tepee of, 229

Springfield (Minnesota), 37, 53, 88, 120, 121, 129, 130, 131, 154,
178, 183, 189, 191, 198, 247, 266, 270, 300;
settlers at, 39, 56-58;
news of massacre carried to, 122-126;
effect of news of massacre upon settlers at, 125, 126;
relief expedition to, 128-131;
preparations for defense at, 132-137;
attack on, 138-146;
flight of settlers from, 147-152;
arrival of relief expedition at, 153-158;
guard left at, 158;
rescue of fugitives from, 186-189;
careers of survivors of massacre at, 272, 273

Stafford, Patrick, 165

Stebbins, Carl, 167, 192

Stevens, Smith E., 166

Stewart, Johnny, escape of, 145;
reference to, 272, 301

Stewart, Joshua, 57, 133;
killing of, 144

Stewart, Mrs. Joshua, 133;
killing of, 144, 145

Stewart children, killing of, 144, 145

“Stonewall” Jackson, origin of name, 298

Storm Lake, 90

Stratton, Franklin A., 166, 182, 309

Streams, difficulty of captives in crossing, 219, 220

Street, Joseph M., 25

Strong, E. B. N., 57, 121, 142, 300;
flight of, 150, 151, 152

Strong, Mrs. E. B. N., 133

Supplies, journey east for, 59-61;
plan of Gardner to secure, 96, 97;
confiscation of, 180

Surgeon, 169

Surveyors, attack made on, 17, 30, 31, 68

Swanger, Drusilla, 57, 133, 149, 273;
wounding of, 141

Sweeney, Michael, 165, 264

Tahtay-Shkope Kah-gah, 74

Target practice, desire of Indians for, 116

Tasagi, quarrels between Wamdisapa and, 65, 66;
murder of, 66, 67;
reference to, 291

Taylor, E., 40;
ill-treatment of family of, by Indians, 89;
escape of, 89, 90

Taylor, Mrs. E., captivity of, 90

Tchay-tam-bay River, 278

Tenth United States Infantry, 225

Tents, securing of, 164

Territorial bond, issuance of, 231;
payment of, 246

Thatcher, Dora, 118

Thatcher, Joseph M., settlement of, at Lake Okoboji, 54, 55;
journey of, east for supplies, 59-61;
reference to, 61, 96, 108, 122, 180, 184, 192, 196, 244, 305;
massacre at cabin of, 110, 111;
discovery of massacre at cabin of, 123, 124, 161;
burial of victims of massacre at cabin of, 193;
preëmpting of claim of, 270

Thatcher, Mrs. Joseph M., 60, 113, 117, 244, 296;
taking of, as captive, 111;
early experiences of, in captivity, 111, 112;
illness of, 119, 220;
attitude of, toward captivity, 220;
killing of, 221, 222

Thomas, Mrs. Irene A., 267, 272

Thomas, James B., 57, 148, 149, 187;
concentration of settlers at cabin of, 133;
names of settlers in cabin of, 133, 134;
description of cabin of, 134, 135;
attack on cabin of, 139-143;
wounding of, 141;
flight of settlers from cabin of, 149-151

Thomas, Mrs. James B., 133

Thomas, Valentine C., 267, 272

Thomas, Willie, 57, 139, 151, 272;
killing of, 142

Timber, travel in shelter of, 173

Titonka, 284

Townsite, plan to lay out, 52

Traders, 9, 44;
power of, over Indians, 13-16, 24, 25

Transportation, method of, in army, 247, 248

Traverse des Sioux (Minnesota), treaty made at, 7, 15, 19, 37, 279;
failure to carry out treaty made at, 10;
reference to, 242;
annuities under treaty of, 248

Treaties, making of, with Indians, 2-8;
wrongs done in making of, 9-11;
influence of traders in making of, 15

Tretts, Henry, 58, 138, 139, 140;
news of massacre carried to agency by, 126

Tullis, A. K., 165

“Two Fingers” (see Sidominadota)

Umpashota, 18, 135, 136, 284

United States government, dealings of, with Sioux Indians, 1-8;
attitude of, toward Sioux, 12;
failure of, to protect frontier, 12, 17-25

Utah, expedition to, 246

Van Cleave, Silas, 167, 192

Vermillion River, 29, 30

Voyageurs, 44

Wabashaw’s band, 290

Wagons, transportation by means of, 247

Wahkonsa, 284

Wahpekuta Sioux Indians, 6, 65, 75, 249;
treaty made by, 7, 8;
attitude of, toward Spirit Lake, 45;
position of Inkpaduta among, 63, 64;
division among, 64;
pursuit of Inkpaduta by, 66;
massacre of, 68;
Inkpaduta dropped from membership in, 71;
murder of Iowas by, 290;
method of becoming exile among, 291

Wahpeton Agency, 238

Wahpeton Sioux Indians, treaty made by, 7, 8;
reference to, 226;
council with, 253

Wahpuja Wicasta, 253

Wamdisapa, 30, 71;
outlaw band led by, 64-67

Wamundiyakapi, massacre of, 68

Wanduskaihanke, captives purchased by, 234

War dance, 94

Waterloo, 60, 108

Waterman, H. H., 40, 88;
ill treatment of, by Indians, 87, 88

Waterman (town), 40, 41

Watonwan River, 40, 70, 130

Weaver, E., ill treatment of, by Indians, 87;
reference to, 93

Weaver family, settlement of, 40

Webster City, 159, 166, 170, 189, 211, 215, 284, 302;
news of massacre carried to, 163;
organization of relief expedition at, 163-166;
return of members of relief expedition to, 213;
memorial to members of relief expedition from, 263, 264

Webster County, alarm in, 22;
reference to, 31, 35, 285

West Okoboji Lake, 46, 113;
arrival of Gardner family at, 50

Westerfield, D., 167

Wheeler, William T., 57;
concentration at cabin of, 133;
name of settlers at cabin of, 134;
shots fired into cabin of, 145;
flight of settlers from cabin of, 151, 152

Wheelock, R. U., visit of, to lake region, 159, 160;
return of, to Jasper County, 160;
second trip of, to lakes, 160, 161;
massacre discovered by, 160, 161;
news taken to Fort Dodge by, 161, 162;
reference to, 167, 175, 176, 177, 192, 196, 297

Whetstone, Reuben, 167

Whiskey, effect of, on Indians, 23, 283;
traffic in, 279

Whiskey-sellers, activities of, among Indians, 13;
profits made by, 21

White, John, 167

White, Mr. 163

Whites, advance of, into Indian country, 1-8;
attitude of Sioux Indians toward, 22, 23;
hatred of, by Inkpaduta, 70, 71

Wilcox, Mr., 39, 93

Williams, James B., 18

Williams, Washington, 167

Williams, William, 18, 19, 20, 28, 35, 69, 77, 175, 183, 184, 188,
189, 191, 192, 204, 210, 244, 266, 281, 301, 309;
meeting presided over by, 162;
commission held by, 162;
choice of, to command expedition, 168, 169;
strength and determination of, 177;
report by, 295;
age of, 304

Williamson, Thomas S., 229, 239

Williamson, Mrs. Thomas S., 239

Willson, S., 164

Willson, W. C., 164

Wilson, William R., 167, 192, 195, 196, 244, 272

Wiltfong, 159

Winnebago Indians, reservation given to, 6;
reference to, 25, 26

Winter, army transportation in, 247, 248

Winter of 1856-1857, character of, 42, 43;
sufferings of Indians during, 72, 73

Wood, Charles, 56

Wood, George, 56, 132, 136;
refusal of, to believe in danger, 132, 133, 136;
killing of, 143, 144

Wood, William, 56, 126, 132;
refusal of, to believe in danger, 125, 132, 133, 136;
killing of, 143, 144

Wood brothers, store kept by, 57;
Indians at store of, 135, 136;
pillaging of store of, 145, 146

Woodbury County, alarm in, 20, 22;
settlement in, 40;
reference to, 73, 78

Woods, Samuel, 18, 281;
Fort Dodge established by, 280, 281

Wright, L. K., 166

Wright County, 309

Wyoming, 21, 82

Yankton Sioux Indians, 63, 71, 154, 234, 253, 255;
refuge of Inkpaduta among, 67, 72;
reception of Inkpaduta’s band by, 223;
attitude of, toward captive, 235, 236

Yellow Medicine Agency, 226, 233, 245, 254, 312

Yellow Medicine mission, 239

Yellow Medicine River, 225, 236, 256, 257, 269, 278

Young Men’s Christian Association, 194

Young Sleepy Eyes, 284

Transcriber’s Note:

Archaic and inconsistent spelling and punctuation retained.

End of Project Gutenberg's The Spirit Lake Massacre, by Thomas Teakle