Chapter XXV: Part 25

CONJUGATE, kon'joo-g[=a]t, _v.t._ (_gram._) to give the various inflections or parts of a verb.--_adj._ joined: connected.--_n._ a word agreeing in derivation with another word.--_adjs._ CON'JUGATED, CONJUG[=A]'TIONAL, CON'JUGATIVE, conjugate.--_ns._ CON'JUGATENESS; CON'JUGATING; CONJUG[=A]'TION, the act of joining: union: (_gram._) a term applied to a connected view or statement of the inflectional changes of form that a verb undergoes in its various relations: a class of verbs inflected in the same manner.--CONJUGATE AXES, two axes in a conic section, such that each is parallel to the tangent at the extremity of the other; CONJUGATE FOCI (see FOCUS); CONJUGATE MIRRORS, two mirrors set face to face so that the rays emitted from the focus of one are first reflected from it to the and thence to its focus; CONJUGATION OF CELLS, a mode of reproduction in which two apparently similar cells unite, as in Amoeba, Diatoms, &c. [L. _conjug[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_con_, together, and _jug[=a]re_--_jugum_, a yoke.]

CONJUNCT, kon-junkt', _adj._ conjoined: concurrent.--_n._ CONJUNC'TION, connection, union: (_gram._) a word that connects sentences, clauses, and words: one of the aspects of the planets, when two heavenly bodies have the same longitude--i.e. when the same perpendicular to the ecliptic passes through both.--_adj._ CONJUNC'TIONAL, relating to a conjunction.--_adv._ CONJUNC'TIONALLY.--_adj._ CONJUNC'TIVE, closely united: serving to unite: connective: (_gram._) introduced by a conjunction.--_adv._ CONJUNC'TIVELY.--_n._ CONJUNC'TIVENESS.--_adv._ CONJUNC'TLY, conjointly: in union.--_n._ CONJUNC'TURE, combination of circumstances: important occasion, crisis.--GRAND CONJUNCTIONS, those where several planets or stars are found together. [L.,--_conjung[)e]re_. See CONJOIN.]

CONJURE, kun'j[.e]r and kon-j[=oo]r' (_con'jure_, generally of the art of legerdemain, &c.; _conjure'_, of actions treated as religious or solemn), _v.i._ to practise magical arts: to make an invocation: (_obs._) to conspire.--_v.t._ to call on or summon by a sacred name or in a solemn manner: to implore earnestly: to compel (a spirit) by incantations: to enchant: to raise up or frame needlessly; to effect by jugglery:--_pr.p._ con'juring; _pa.p._ con'jured.--_ns._ CONJUR[=A]'TION, act of summoning by a sacred name or solemnly: enchantment; CON'JUR[=A]TOR, a conspirator; CONJURE'MENT, adjuration; CON'JURER, -OR, one who practises magic: an enchanter: (kon-j[=oo]'ror) one bound by oath with others; CON'JURING, magic-working: the production of effects apparently miraculous by natural means; CON'JURY, magic. [Fr.,--L. _con_, together, and _jur[=a]re_, to swear.]

CONK, kongk, _n._ the nose.--_n._ CONK'Y (_slang_), a person with a large nose. [Mr F. Hindes Groome suggests that it may be back slang, _conk_ being the illiterate spelling of the Gipsy _knoc_, nose.]

CONNASCENT, kon-nas'ent, _adj._ born or produced at the same time.--_ns._ CONNAS'CENCE, CONNAS'CENCY. [L. _con_, with _nasci_, to be born.]

CONNATE, kon'[=a]t, _adj._ born with one's self: innate: allied: congenial.--_adj._ CONNAT'URAL, of the same nature with another.--_v.t._ CONNAT'URALISE.--_n._ CONNAT'URALITY.--_adv._ CONNAT'URALLY.--_ns._ CONNAT'URALNESS; CONN[=A]'TURE. [L. _con_, with, and _nasci_, _natus_, to be born.]

CONNE, kon, _v.t._ (_Spens._) form of CON, to know.

CONNECT, kon-ekt', _v.t._ to tie or fasten together: to establish a relation between: to associate.--_p.adj._ CONNECT'ED, joined: united.--_adv._ CONNECT'EDLY, in a connected manner.--_ns._ CONNECT'ER, -OR, one who or that which connects.--_adj._ CONNECT'IBLE, capable of being connected.--_ns._ CONNEC'TION, CONNEX'ION, act of connecting: that which connects: a body or society held together by a bond: coherence: intercourse: context: relation: intimacy: a relative.--_adjs._ CONNECT'IVE, CONNEX'IVE (_obs._), binding together.--_n._ a word that connects sentences and words.--_adv._ CONNECT'IVELY.--CONNECTIVE TISSUE, one of the four sets of the commonest classification of animal tissues, including a great variety--e.g. bone, cartilage, ligaments, and enswathing membranes. [L. _con_, together, and _nect[)e]re_, to tie.]

CONNICTATION, kon-ik-t[=a]'shun, _n._ the act of winking. [L. _con_, and _nictare_, _-[=a]tum_, to wink.]

CONNIVE, kon-[=i]v', _v.i._ to wink at a fault: to take no notice: to have a private understanding.--_ns._ CONNIV'ANCE, CONNIV'ANCY, CONNIV'ENCE, CONNIV'ENCY.--_adj._ CONNIV'ENT.--_n._ CONNIV'ER. [Fr.,--L. _conniv[=e]re_, to wink.]

CONNOISSEUR, kon-es-sehr', or kon-is-[=u]r', _n._ one who knows a subject well; a critical judge in art, music, &c.--_n._ CONNOISSEUR'SHIP, the skill of a connoisseur. [Fr. _connoître_--L. _cognosc[)e]re_, to know.]

CONNOTE, kon-[=o]t', _v.t._ to signify secondarily: to imply along with an object the inherent attributes: to include.--_v.t._ CON'NOT[=A]TE, to connote.--_n._ CONNOT[=A]'TION, implication of something more than the denotation of an object: the aggregation of attributes connoted by a term.--_adjs._ CONNOT'[=A]TIVE, CONN[=O]'TIVE. [L. _con_, with, and NOTE.]

CONNUBIAL, kon-[=u]'bi-al, _adj._ pertaining to marriage or to the marriage state: nuptial.--_n._ CONNUBIAL'ITY.--_adv._ CONN[=U]'BIALLY. [L. _con_, and _nub[)e]re_, to marry. See NUPTIAL.]

CONNUMERATE, kon-n[=u]'me-r[=a]t, _v.t._ to count conjointly.--_n._ CONNUMER[=A]'TION.

CONNUSANCE, kon'[=u]-sans, _n._ an obs. form of COGNISANCE.

CONOID, k[=o]n'oid, _n._ anything like a cone in form.--_adjs._ CONOID'IC, -AL, CON'OID, CONOID'AL. [Gr. _k[=o]nos_, a cone, _eidos_, form.]

CO-NOMINEE, k[=o]-nom-i-n[=e]', _n._ a joint-nominee.

CONQUADRATE, kon-kwod'r[=a]t, _v.t._ to square with another.

CONQUASSATE, kon-kwas'[=a]t, _v.t._ to shake.

CONQUER, kong'k[.e]r, _v.t._ to gain by force or with an effort: to overcome or vanquish.--_v.i._ to be victor.--_adj._ CON'QUERABLE, that may be conquered.--_n._ CON'QUERABLENESS.--_adj._ CON'QUERING, victorious.--_adv._ CON'QUERINGLY.--_ns._ CON'QUEROR, one who conquers: a victor:--_fem._ CON'QUERESS; CON'QUEST, the act of conquering: that which is conquered or acquired by physical or moral force: the act of gaining the affections of another.--MAKE A CONQUEST, to conquer.--THE CONQUEROR, William I. of England (L. CONQUES'TOR); THE CONQUEST, the acquisition of the throne of England by William, Duke of Normandy, in 1066. [O. Fr. _conquerre_--L. _conquir[)e]re_,--_con_, inten., _quær[)e]re_, to seek.]

CONQUISTADOR, kong-kwis'ta-d[=o]r, _n._ a conqueror, applied to the conquerors of Mexico and Peru. [Sp.,--L. _conquir[)e]re_. See CONQUER.]

CONSANGUINE, kon-sang'gwin, _adj._ related by blood: of the same family or descent--also CONSANGUIN'EOUS.--_n._ CONSANGUIN'ITY, relationship by blood: opposed to affinity or relationship by marriage. [L. _consanguineus_--_con_, with, _sanguis_, blood.]

CONSCIENCE, kon'shens, _n._ the knowledge of our own acts and feelings as right or wrong: sense of duty: scrupulousness: (_Shak._) understanding: the faculty or principle by which we distinguish right from wrong.--_adjs._ CON'SCIENCE-PROOF, unvisited by any compunctions of conscience; CON'SCIENCE-SMIT'TEN, stung by conscience; CONSCIEN'TIOUS, regulated by a regard to conscience: scrupulous.--_adv._ CONSCIEN'TIOUSLY.--_n._ CONSCIEN'TIOUSNESS.--_adj._ CON'SCIONABLE, governed or regulated by conscience.--_n._ CON'SCIONABLENESS.--_adv._ CON'SCIONABLY.--CONSCIENCE CLAUSE, a clause in a law, affecting religious matters, to relieve persons of conscientious scruples, esp. one to prevent their children being compelled to undergo particular religious instruction; CONSCIENCE MONEY, money given to relieve the conscience, by discharging a claim previously evaded; CASE OF CONSCIENCE, a question in casuistry.--GOOD, or BAD, CONSCIENCE, an approving or reproving conscience.--IN ALL CONSCIENCE, certainly: (_coll._) by all that is right and fair.--MAKE A MATTER OF CONSCIENCE, to act according to conscience: to have scruples about.--MY CONSCIENCE! a vulgar exclamation of astonishment, or an asseveration.--SPEAK ONE'S CONSCIENCE (_Shak._), to speak frankly: to give one's opinion. [Fr.,--L. _conscientia_, knowledge--_consc[=i]re_, to know well--_con_, and _sc[=i]re_, to know.]

CONSCIOUS, kon'shus, _adj._ having the feeling or internal knowledge of something: aware: having the faculty of consciousness.--_adv._ CON'SCIOUSLY.--_n._ CON'SCIOUSNESS, the waking state of the mind: the knowledge which the mind has of its own acts and feelings: thought. [L. _conscius_--_consc[=i]re_, to know.]

CONSCRIBE, kon-'skr[=i]b', _v.t._ to enlist by conscription.--_adj._ CON'SCRIPT, enrolled, registered.--_n._ one enrolled and liable to serve as a soldier or sailor.--_v.t._ to enlist.--_n._ CONSCRIP'TION, a compulsory enrolment for naval or military service: the obtaining recruits by compulsion.--_adj._ CONSCRIP'TIONAL.--CONSCRIPT FATHERS (_patres conscripti_), the senators of ancient Rome. [L. _conscrib[)e]re_, to enrol--_con_, together, _scrib[)e]re_, to write.]

CONSECRATE, kon'se-kr[=a]t, _v.t._ to set apart for a holy use: to render holy or venerable; to hallow; to devote.--_adj._ consecrated: devoted: sanctified.--_ns._ CON'SECRATEDNESS; CONSECR[=A]'TION, the act of devoting to a sacred use; CON'SECRATOR.--_adj._ CON'SECRATORY, making sacred. [L. _consecr[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to make wholly sacred--_con_, and _sacr[=a]re_, to set apart as sacred--_sacer_, sacred.]

CONSECTANEOUS, kon-sek-t[=a]'n[=e]-us, _adj._ following as a natural consequence.

CONSECTARY, kon-sek'ta-ri, _n._ a deduction, corollary. [L. _consect[=a]ri_, freq. of _consequi_. See CONSECUTION.]

CONSECUTION, kon-se-k[=u]'shun, _n._ a train of consequences or deductions: a series of things that follow one another: (_mus._) succession of similar intervals in harmony.--_adj._ CONSEC'UTIVE, following in regular order: succeeding or resulting.--_adv._ CONSEC'UTIVELY--_n._ CONSEC'UTIVENESS. [L. _consequi_--_con_, and _sequi_, _secutus_, to follow.]

CONSENESCENCE, kon-s[=e]-nes'ens, _n._ the state of growing old.--Also CONSENES'CENCY.

CONSENSUS, kon-sen'sus, _n._ agreement of various parts: agreement in opinion: unanimity.--_n._ CONSEN'SION, mutual consent.--_adj._ CONSEN'SUAL, relating to consent.--_adv._ CONSEN'SUALLY.--CONSENSUAL CONTRACT, a contract requiring merely the consent of the parties. [L. _consent[=i]re_. See CONSENT.]

CONSENT, kon-sent', _v.i._ to be of the same mind: to agree: to give assent: to yield: to comply.--_v.t._ (_Milt._) to allow.--_n._ agreement: accordance with the actions or opinions of another: concurrence: advice, counsel.--_adj._ CONSENT[=A]'NEOUS, agreeable or accordant: consistent with.--_adv._ CONSENT[=A]'NEOUSLY--_ns._ CONSENT[=A]'NEOUSNESS, CONSENTAN[=E]'ITY.--_n._ CONSEN'TIENCE, state of being consentient: imperfect consciousness.--_adj._ CONSEN'TIENT, agreeing in mind or in opinion.--_adv._ CONSENT'INGLY.--AGE OF CONSENT, the age at which a person is considered in the eyes of the law competent to give consent to certain acts; BE OF CONSENT (_Shak._), to be accessory; WITH ONE CONSENT, unanimously. [L. _consent[=i]re_--_con_, with, _sent[=i]re_, to feel, to think.]

CONSEQUENCE, kon'se-kwens, _n._ that which follows or comes after as a result: effect: influence: importance: (_pl._) a round game describing the meeting of a lady and gentleman and its consequences, each player in turn writing a part of the story, not knowing what the others have written.--_v.i._ (_Milt._) to draw inferences.--_adj._ CON'SEQUENT, following as a natural effect or deduction.--_n._ that which follows: the natural effect of a cause.--_adj._ CONSEQUEN'TIAL, following as a result: casual: pompous.--_advs._ CONSEQUEN'TIALLY; CON'SEQUENTLY. [Fr.,--L. _consequi_--_con_, together, and _sequi_, to follow.]

CONSERTION, kon-ser'shun, _n._ junction, adaptation.

CONSERVE, kon-s[.e]rv', _v.t._ to keep entire: to retain: to preserve: (_obs._) to preserve in sugar.--_n._ something preserved, as fruits in sugar.--_adj._ CONSER'VABLE.--_n._ CONSER'VANCY, a court having authority to preserve the fisheries, &c., on a river: the act of preserving.--_p.adj._ CONSER'VANT.--_n._ CONSERV[=A]'TION, the act of conserving: the keeping entire.--_adj._ CONSERV[=A]'TIONAL.--_n._ CONSER'VATISM, the opinions and principles of a Conservative.--_adj._ CONSER'VATIVE, tending or having power to conserve.--_n._ (_politics_) one who desires to preserve the institutions of his country against innovation and change: one averse to change and progress.--_ns._ CONSER'VATIVENESS; CONSERVATOIRE (kon-ser-va-twär'), CONSERVAT[=O]'RIUM, a name given by the Italians to schools instituted for the purpose of advancing the study of music and maintaining its purity; CON'SERV[=A]TOR, one who preserves from injury or violation: a guardian, custodian:--_fem._ CONSER'VATRIX; CONSER'VATORSHIP; CONSER'VATORY, a storehouse: a greenhouse or place in which exotic plants are kept: a school of music.--_adj._ preservative.--_n._ CONSER'VER.--CONSERVATION OF ENERGY, the law that the total amount of energy in a material system cannot be varied, provided the system neither parts with energy to other bodies nor receives it from them; CONSERVATION OF MATTER, the experimentally ascertained fact that no process at the command of man can either destroy or create even a single particle of matter.--CONSERVATORS OF THE PEACE, a title usually applied to knights elected in each shire, from the 12th century onwards, for the conservation of the peace. [L. _conserv[=a]re_--_con_, together, and _serv[=a]re_, to keep.]

CONSIDER, kon-sid'[.e]r, _v.t._ to look at closely or carefully: to think or deliberate on: to take into account: to attend to: to reward.--_v.i._ to think seriously or carefully: to deliberate.--_adj._ CONSID'ERABLE, worthy of being considered: important: more than a little.--_n._ CONSID'ERABLENESS.--_adv._ CONSID'ERABLY.--_n._ CONSID'ERANCE (_Shak._), consideration.--_adjs._ CONSID'ER[=A]TE, CONSID'ERATIVE (_obs._), thoughtful: serious: prudent: thoughtful for the feelings of others.--_adv._ CONSID'ERATELY.--_ns._ CONSID'ERATENESS, thoughtfulness for others; CONSIDER[=A]'TION, deliberation: importance: motive or reason: compensation, reward: the reason or basis of a compact: (_law_) the thing given or done or abstained from by agreement with another, and in view of that other giving, doing, or abstaining from something.--_prep._ CONSID'ERING, in view of: seeing that.--_adv._ CONSID'ERINGLY, with consideration. [Fr.--L. _consider[=a]re_, supposed to have been orig. a term of augury--_con_, and _sidus_, _sideris_, a star.]

CONSIGN, kon-s[=i]n', _v.t._ to give to another: to sign or seal: to transfer: to entrust: to commit: to transmit for sale or custody.--_adj._ CONSIGN'ABLE.--_ns._ CONSIGN[=A]'TION; CONSIG'NATORY, one who signs a document jointly.--_adj._ CONSIGNED', given in trust.--_ns._ CONSIG'NATURE, complete signature: joint signing; CONSIGNEE', one to whom anything is consigned or entrusted; CONSIGN'ER, CONSIGN'OR; CONSIGN'MENT, the act of consigning: the thing consigned: the writing by which anything is made over: in Mercantile Law, goods placed in the hands of an agent or factor for sale, or for some other specified purpose. [Fr.,--L. _consign[=a]re_, to attest.]

CONSIGNIFY, kon-sig'ni-f[=i], _v.t._ to signify or indicate in connection with something else.--_n._ CONSIGNIFIC[=A]'-TION.--_adj._ CONSIGNIF'ICATIVE.

CONSILIENCE, kon-sil'i-ens, _n._ concurrence: coincidence.--_adj._ CONSIL'IENT, agreeing. [L. _con_, together, and _sal[=i]re_, to leap.]

CONSIMILAR, kon-sim'i-lar, _adj._ like each other.--_ns._ CONSIMIL'ITUDE, CONSIMIL'ITY. [L. _consimilis_.]

CONSIST, kon-sist', _v.i._ to exist, subsist: to co-exist: to agree.--_ns._ CONSIST'ENCE, CONSIST'ENCY, a degree of density: substance: agreement: the quality of being self-consistent.--_adj._ CONSISTENT, fixed: not fluid: agreeing together: uniform in thought or action.--_adv._ CONSIST'ENTLY.--_adjs._ CONSIST[=O]'RIAL, CONSIST[=O]'RIAN.--_n._ CONSIST'ORY, properly a place of assembly: the particular place where the privy-council of the Roman emperor met, the council itself: an assembly or council: a spiritual or ecclesiastical court in the R.C. Church, consisting of the pope and cardinals, and determining all such matters as the appointment of cardinals, bishops, &c.; in the Lutheran Church, exercising a supervision over religion and education, over the clergy, schoolmasters, and theological candidates; in the Reformed Church, the kirk-session, or the presbytery.--CONSIST IN, to lie in: to depend upon: to be composed of; CONSIST OF, to be made up of. [L. _consist[)e]re_--_con_, together, _sist[)e]re_, to stand.]

CONSOCIATE, kon-s[=o]'shi-[=a]t, _v.t._ and _v.i._ to associate together.--_p.adj._ CONS[=O]'CIATED.--_n._ CONSOCI[=A]'TION, companionship (_with_): association: alliance. [L. _consoci[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_con_, with, _soci[=a]re_, to associate--_socius_, a companion.]

CONSOLE, kon-s[=o]l', _v.t._ to give solace or comfort: to cheer in distress.--_adj._ CONSOL'ABLE, that may be comforted.--_v.t._ CON'SOLATE (_Shak._), to console.--_ns._ CONSOL[=A]'TION, solace: alleviation of misery: a comforting circumstance; CONSOL[=A]'TION-MATCH, -RACE, &c., a race, &c., in which only those who have been previously unsuccessful may compete.--_adj._ CONSOL'ATORY.--_n._ CON'SOLER:--_fem._ CON'-SOL[=A]TRIX. [L. _con_, inten., and _sol[=a]ri_, to comfort.]

CONSOLE, kon's[=o]l, _n._ (_archit._) a projection resembling a bracket, frequently in the form of the letter S, used to support cornices, or for placing busts, vases, or figures on: the key-desk of an organ.--_n._ CON'SOLE-TA'BLE, a table having one of its sides supported against a wall by consoles or brackets. [Fr. _console_; prob. conn. with CONSOLIDATE.]

CONSOLIDATE, kon-sol'i-d[=a]t, _v.t._ to make solid: to form into a compact mass: to unite into one.--_v.i._ to grow solid or firm: to unite.--_adj._ made firm or solid: united.--_p.adj._ CONSOL'IDATED.--_n._ CONSOLID[=A]'TION, act of making or becoming solid: confirmation.--_adj._ CONSOL'IDATIVE, tending to consolidate: having the quality of healing.--_n._ CONSOL'IDATOR, one who or that which consolidates.--CONSOLIDATION ACTS, acts of parliament which combine into one general statute several special enactments. [L. _consolid[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_con_, inten., and _solidus_, solid.]

CONSOLS, kon'solz, _n.pl._ (short for CONSOLIDATED ANNUITIES) that part of the British national debt which consists of several stocks consolidated into one fund.

CONSOMMÉ, kon-so-m[=a]', _n._ a kind of soup made from meat by slow boiling. [Fr.,--L. _consumm[=a]re_, to consummate.]

CONSONANT, kon'son-ant, _adj._ consistent: suitable: harmonious.--_n._ an articulation which can be sounded only with a vowel: a letter of the alphabet other than a vowel.--_ns._ CON'SONANCE, a state of agreement: agreement or unison of sounds: (_mus._) a combination of notes which can sound together without the harshness produced by beats: concord; CON'SONANCY, harmony.--_adj._ CONSONANT'AL.--_adv._ CON'SONANTLY.--_adj._ CON'SONOUS, harmonious. [L. _consonans_, _-antis_, pr.p. of _conson[=a]re_, to harmonise--_con_, with, and _son[=a]re_, to sound.]

CONSORT, kon'sort, _n._ a partner: a companion: a wife or husband: an accompanying ship: (_obs._) a number of people: an orchestra: former spelling for concert.--_v.t._ CONSORT' (_Shak._), to accompany: to associate (_with_).--_v.i._ to associate or keep company: to agree.--_p.adj._ CONSORT'ED, associated.--_n._ CON'SORTSHIP.--IN CONSORT, in company: in harmony. [L. _consors_, from _con_, with, and _sors_, _sortis_, a lot.]

CONSPECIES, kon-sp[=e]'sh[=e]z, _n._ (_zool._) a subspecies or variety.--_adj._ CONSPECIF'IC.

CONSPECTUS, kon-spek'tus, _n._ a comprehensive survey: a synopsis.--_n._ CONSPECT[=U]'ITY (_Shak._), sight: the eye. [L. _conspectus_--_conspic[)e]re_, to look at.]

CONSPICUOUS, kon-spik'[=u]-us, _adj._ clearly seen: visible to eye or mind: prominent.--_ns._ CONSPIC[=U]'ITY, CONSPIC'UOUSNESS.--_adv._ CONSPIC'UOUSLY. [L. _conspicuus_--_conspic[)e]re_--_con_, inten., _spic[)e]re_, to look.]

CONSPIRE, kon-sp[=i]r', _v.i._ to plot or scheme together: to agree: to concur to one end.--_v.t._ to plan, devise.--_n._ CONSPIR'ACY, the act of conspiring: a banding together for an evil purpose: a plot: concurrence.--_adj._ CONSPIR'ANT, conspiring.--_ns._ CONSPIR[=A]'TION, conspiracy; CONSPIR'ATOR, one who conspires:--_fem._ CONSPIR'ATRESS.--_adj._ CONSPIRAT[=O]'RIAL.--_n._ CONSPIR'ER (_Shak._), conspirator.--_adv._ CONSPIR'INGLY. [L. _conspir[=a]re_--_con_, together, _spir[=a]re_, to breathe.]

CONSPISSATE, kon-spis'[=a]t, _v.t._ to inspissate.--_n._ CONSPISS[=A]'TION.

CONSPURCATION, kon-spur-k[=a]'shun, _n._ (_obs._) defilement. [L. _conspurc[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to defile.]

CONSTABLE, kun'sta-bl, _n._ formerly a state-officer of the highest rank: the warden of a castle: a peace-officer: a policeman.--_ns._ CON'STABLERY, the charge of a constable; CON'STABLESHIP; CON'STABLEWICK, the district of a constable; CON'STABLING, acting as a constable or policeman; CONSTAB'ULARY, the body of constables of a district, town, &c.--_adj._ of or pertaining to constables, or peace-officers.--CONSTABLE OF FRANCE, chief of the household under the old French kings, then commander-in-chief of the army, judge in questions of chivalry, tournaments, and martial displays.--HIGH CONSTABLE, one of two constables ordained in every hundred or franchise, to make the view of armour, and to see to the conservation of the peace; HIGH CONSTABLE OF SCOTLAND, the first subject in Scotland after the blood-royal; LORD HIGH CONSTABLE OF ENGLAND, the seventh great officer of the crown, and formerly a judge in the court of chivalry.--OUTRUN THE CONSTABLE, to go too fast: to get into debt.--SPECIAL CONSTABLE, a person sworn in by the justices to preserve the peace, or to execute warrants on special occasions. [O. Fr. _conestable_ (Fr. _connétable_)--L. _comes stabuli_, count of the _stabulum_, stable.]

CONSTANT, kon'stant, _adj._ fixed: unchangeable: firm: continual: faithful.--_n._ (_math._) a term or quantity which does not vary throughout a given investigation: that which remains unchanged.--_n._ CON'STANCY, fixedness: unchangeableness: faithfulness: (_Shak._) perseverance: (_Shak._) certainty.--_adv._ CON'STANTLY. [L. _constans_, _-antis_, from _const[=a]re_, to stand firm--_con_, inten., _st[=a]re_, to stand.]

CONSTANTIA, kon-stan'shi-a, _n._ a wine produced around _Constantia_ in Cape Colony.

CONSTANTINIAN, kon-stan-tin'yan, _adj._ pertaining to the Roman emperor, _Constantine_ the Great (A.D. 274-337).

CONSTANTINOPOLITAN, kon-stan'ti-no-pol'it-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Constantinople_.

CONSTAT, kon'stat, _n._ a certificate of what appears (_constat_) on record touching a matter given by the auditors of the Exchequer: an attested copy of the enrolment of letters patent.

CONSTELLATE, kon'stel-[=a]t, or kon-stel'[=a]t, _v.t._ to cluster.--_v.i._ to be fated, according to the position of the stars: to cluster together.--_n._ CONSTELL[=A]'TION, a group of stars: an assemblage of persons distinguished in some way: (_astrol._) a particular disposition of the planets, supposed to influence the course of human life or character.--_adj._ CONSTEL'LATORY. [L. _constellatus_, studded with stars--_con_, with, _stell[=a]re_--_stella_, a star.]

CONSTERNATE, kon'ster-n[=a]t, _v.t._ to fill with dismay.--_n._ CONSTERN[=A]'TION, terror which throws into confusion: astonishment: dismay. [L. _constern[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, from _con_, wholly, _stern[)e]re_, to strew.]

CONSTIPATE, kon'stip-[=a]t, _v.t._ to stop up: to make costive: (_obs._) to press together.--_n._ CONSTIP[=A]'TION, costiveness, an irregular and insufficient action of the bowels. [L. _con_, together, _stip[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to pack.]

CONSTITUTE, kon'stit-[=u]t, _v.t._ to set up: to establish: to form or compose: to appoint: to determine.--_n._ CONSTIT'UENCY, the whole body of voters for a member of parliament.--_adj._ CONSTIT'UENT, constituting or forming: essential: elemental: component.--_n._ an essential or elemental part: one of those who elect a representative, esp. in parliament.--_n._ CONSTIT[=U]'TION, the act of constituting: the natural condition of body or mind: disposition: a system of laws and customs established by the sovereign power of a state for its own guidance: the established form of government: a particular law or usage.--_adj._ CONSTIT[=U]'TIONAL, inherent in the natural frame: natural: agreeable to the constitution or frame of government: essential: legal: of a sovereign who rules subject to fixed laws.--_n._ a walk for the sake of one's health.--_v.t._ CONSTIT[=U]'TIONALISE, to make constitutional.--_ns._ CONSTIT[=U]'TIONALISM, adherence to the principles of the constitution; CONSTIT[=U]'TIONALIST, CONSTIT[=U]'TIONIST, one who favours the constitution; CONSTITUTIONAL'ITY, the state or quality of being constitutional.--_adv._ CONSTIT[=U]'TIONALLY.--_adj._ CON'STITUTIVE, that constitutes or establishes: having power to enact, &c.: essential. [L. _constitu[)e]re_, _constitutum_, from _con_, together, and _statu[)e]re_, to make to stand, to place.]

CONSTRAIN, kon-str[=a]n', _v.t._ to urge with irresistible power: to force, compel: to distress: to confine: to limit: to cause constraint.--_adj._ CONSTRAIN'ABLE.--_p.adj._ CONSTRAINED', forced, compelled: embarrassed.--_adv._ CONSTRAIN'EDLY.--_n._ CONSTRAINT', irresistible force: compulsion: confinement: repression of one's feelings: embarrassment. [O. Fr. _constraindre_--L. _constring[)e]re_--_con_, together, _string[)e]re_, to press. See STRAIN.]

CONSTRICT, kon-strikt', _v.t._ to press together: to contract: to cramp.--_p.adj._ CONSTRICT'ED, narrowed: cramped: (_bot._) contracted or tightened, so as to be smaller in some parts than in others.--_n._ CONSTRIC'TION, a pressing together: contraction: tightness.--_adj._ CONSTRICT'IVE.--_n._ CONSTRICT'OR, that which constricts or draws together: a large serpent which crushes its prey in its folds--the Boa-constrictor (q.v.). [L. _constring[)e]re_, _constrictum_.]

CONSTRINGE, kon-strinj', _v.t._ to draw together: to cause to contract.--_v.i._ to contract.--_n._ CONSTRIN'GENCY.--_adj._ CONSTRIN'GENT, having the quality of contracting. [L. _constring[)e]re_.]

CONSTRUCT, kon-strukt', _v.t._ to build up: to compile: to put together the parts of a thing: to make: to compose.--_adj._ constructed.--_adjs._ CONSTRUCT'ABLE, CONSTRUCT'IBLE, able to be constructed.--_ns._ CONSTRUCT'ER, CONSTRUCT'OR; CONSTRUC'TION, the act of constructing: anything piled together, building: manner of forming: (_gram._) the arrangement of words in a sentence: interpretation: meaning.--_adjs._ CONSTRUC'TIONAL, pertaining to construction; CONSTRUCT'IVE, capable of constructing: not direct or expressed, but inferred.--_adv._ CONSTRUCT'IVELY.--_ns._ CONSTRUCT'IVENESS, the faculty of constructing; CONSTRUCT'URE.--CONSTRUCT STATE, in Hebrew and other Semitic languages, the state of a noun depending on another noun, which in Aryan languages would be in the genitive case--e.g. House of God--house being in the construct state.--BEAR A CONSTRUCTION, to allow of a particular interpretation. [L. _constru[)e]re_, _-structum_--_con_, _stru[)e]re_, to build.]

CONSTRUE, kon'str[=oo], or kon-str[=oo]', _v.t._ to exhibit the arrangement in another language: to translate: to explain: to interpret: to infer.--_v.i._ to admit of grammatical analysis.--CON'STER, an old form. [L. _constru[)e]re_, _constructum_, to pile together.]

CONSTUPRATE, kon'st[=u]-pr[=a]t, _v.t._ (_obs._) to deflower.--_n._ CONSTUPR[=A]'TION.

CONSUBSIST, kon-sub-sist', _v.i._ to subsist together.

CONSUBSTANTIAL, kon-sub-stan'shal, _adj._ of the same substance, nature, or essence, esp. of the Trinity.--_ns._ CONSUBSTAN'TIALISM, the doctrine of consubstantiation; CONSUBSTAN'TIALIST, one who believes in consubstantiation; CONSUBSTANTIAL'ITY.--_adv._ CONSUBSTAN'TIALLY, with sameness of substance.--_v.t._ CONSUBSTAN'TI[=A]TE, to unite in one common substance or nature.--_v.i._ to become so united.--_adj._ united in one common substance.--_ns._ CONSUBSTANTI[=A]'TION (_theol._), the Lutheran doctrine of the actual, substantial presence of the body and blood of Christ co-existing in and with the bread and wine used at the Lord's Supper; CONSUBSTANTI[=A]'TIONIST. [L. _con_, with, and SUBSTANTIAL.]

CONSUETUDE, kon'swe-t[=u]d, _n._ custom: familiarity.--_adj._ CONSUET[=U]'DINARY, customary.--_n._ an unwritten law established by usage, derived by immemorial custom from antiquity: a ritual of customary devotions. [L. _consuetudo_, custom.]

CONSUL, kon'sul, _n._ one of the two chief-magistrates in the Roman republic: one commissioned to reside in a foreign country as an agent for, or representative of, a government.--_n._ CON'SULAGE, duty paid to a consul for protection of goods.--_adj._ CON'SULAR, pertaining to a consul.--_n._ a man of consular rank.--_ns._ CON'SULATE, the office, residence, or jurisdiction of a consul; CON'SULSHIP, the office, or term of office, of a consul. [L.]

CONSULT, kon-sult', _v.t._ to ask advice of: to decide or act in favour of: to look up to for information or advice: to discuss: to consider: to take measures for the advantage of any one.--_v.i._ to consider in company: to take counsel.--_n._ (kon-sult', or kon'sult) the act of consulting: a meeting for consultation: a council: a meeting for conspiracy or intrigue.--_ns._ CONSUL'TA, a meeting of council; CONSULT[=A]'TION, deliberation, or a meeting for such, esp. of physicians or lawyers.--_adj._ CONSULT'ATIVE, of or pertaining to consultation, esp. of bodies taking part in a consultation without voting on the decision.--_ns._ CONSULTEE', the person consulted; CONSULT'ER, one who consults.--_adjs._ CONSULT'ING, of a physician or lawyer who gives advice; CONSULT'IVE, pertaining to consultation; CONSULT'ORY, CONSULT'ATORY. [L. _consult-[=a]re_, inten. of _consul-[)e]re_, to consult.]

CONSUME, kon-s[=u]m', _v.t._ to destroy by wasting, fire, evaporation, &c.: to use up: to devour: to waste or spend: to exhaust.--_v.i._ to waste away.--_adj._ CONSUM'ABLE.--_adv._ CONSUM'EDLY, exceedingly--originally a fantastic variant of _confoundedly_, and prob. influenced in meaning by _consummately_.--_ns._ CONSUM'ER, as opposed to _producer_, he who uses an article produced; CONSUM'ING, wasting or destroying. [L. _consum-[)e]re_, to destroy--_con_, sig. completeness, _sum-[)e]re_, _sumptum_, to take.]

CONSUMMATE, kon'sum-[=a]t, or kon-sum'[=a]t, _v.t._ to raise to the highest point: to perfect or finish: to make marriage legally complete by sexual intercourse.--_adj._ complete, supreme, perfect of its kind.--_adv._ CONSUMM'ATELY, perfectly.--_n._ CONSUMM[=A]'TION, act of completing: perfection: conclusion of life or of the universe: the subsequent intercourse which makes a marriage legally valid.--_adj._ CONSUMM'ATIVE.--_n._ CON'SUMMATOR.--_adj._ CONSUMM'ATORY. [L. _consummare_, to perfect--_con_, with, and _summus_, highest, perfect.]

CONSUMPTION, kon-sum'shun, _n._ the act of using up or consuming--the converse of _production_--also CONSUMPT'; _pulmonary consumption_, a more or less rapidly advancing process of lung destruction, with progressive emaciation--phthisis, tuberculosis.--_adj._ CONSUMP'TIVE, wasting away: inclined to the disease consumption.--_adv._ CONSUMP'TIVELY.--_ns._ CONSUMP'TIVENESS, a tendency to consumption; CONSUMPTIV'ITY. [See CONSUME.]

CONSUTE, kon's[=u]t, _adj._ (_entom._) marked as if with stitches, as the wing-covers of some beetles.--_adj._ CONS[=U]'TILE (_obs._), stitched together. [L. _consu[)e]re_, _-sutum_, to sew together.]

CONTABESCENT, kon-tab-es'ent, _adj._ wasting away, atrophied.--_n._ CONTABES'CENCE. [L. _contabescentem_--_contabesc[)e]re_, to waste away.]

CONTABULATE, kon-tab'[=u]-l[=a]t, _v.t._ to floor with boards.--_n._ CONTABUL[=A]'TION. [L., _con_, with, _tabula_, a board.]

CONTACT, kon'takt, _n._ touching or close union: meeting: (_math._) coincidence, as of two curves, in two or more successive points.--_adj._ CONTACT'UAL, pertaining to contact.--BE IN CONTACT (_with_), to be touching anything; MAKE CONTACT, to complete an electrical current. [L. _conting-[)e]re_, _contactum_, to touch--_con_, wholly, _tang[)e]re_, to touch.]

CONTADINA, kon-ta-d[=e]'na, _n._ an Italian peasant woman:--_pl._ CONTADI'NE (-ne), CONTADI'NAS. [It.]

CONTAGION, kon-t[=a]'jun, _n._ transmission of a disease from the sick to the healthy, either by direct contact of a part affected with the disease, or through the medium of the excretions or exhalations of the body.--_n._ CONT[=A]'GIONIST, one who believes that certain diseases are contagious.--_adj._ CONT[=A]'GIOUS, that may be communicated by contact.--_adv._ CONT[=A]'GIOUSLY.--_ns._ CONT[=A]'GIOUSNESS; CONT[=A]'GIUM, the supposed morbific matter by means of which disease spreads.--CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ACTS, a series of laws passed in 1865 and succeeding years for the better regulation of prostitutes in certain seaport and military towns. [L. _contagion-em_--_con_, together, _tang[)e]re_, to touch.]

CONTAIN, kon-t[=a]n', _v.t._ to comprise, to include: (_B._) to restrain, esp. the sexual appetite.--_adj._ CONTAIN'ABLE, that may be contained.--_ns._ CONTAIN'ANT, CONTAIN'ER. [Through Fr. from L. _contin[=e]re_--_con_, together, _ten[=e]re_, to hold.]

CONTAMINATE, kon-tam'i-n[=a]t, _v.t._ to defile by touching or mixing with: to pollute: to corrupt: to infect.--_adj._ CONTAM'INABLE.--_n._ CONTAMIN[=A]'TION, pollution.--_adj._ CONTAM'INATIVE. [L. _contamin[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_contamen_ (for _contagmen_), pollution. See CONTACT.]

CONTANGO, kon-tang'go, _n._ a percentage paid by the buyer to the seller of stock for keeping back its delivery to the next settling-day, continuation--opp. to _Backwardation_. [From CONTINUE.]

CONTECK, kon'tek, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as CONTEST. [O. Fr. _contek_, prob. conn. with _contekier_, to touch.]

CONTEMN, kon-tem', _v.t._ to despise: to neglect, to disregard.--_n._ CONTEM'NER. [Fr.,--L. _contemn[)e]re_, _-temptum_, to value little--_con_, inten., _temn[)e]re_, to slight.]

CONTEMPER, kon-temp'[.e]r, _v.t._ to blend together, to qualify by mixture: to adapt to anything.--_ns._ CONTEMPER[=A]'TION (_obs._), CONTEM'PERATURE. [L. _contemper[=a]re_.]

CONTEMPLATE, kon'tem-pl[=a]t, or kon-tem'pl[=a]t, _v.t._ to consider or look at attentively: to meditate on or study: to intend.--_v.i._ to think seriously: to meditate (with _on_, _upon_).--_adj._ CONTEMP'LABLE.--_ns._ CONTEM'PLANT, CONTEMP'LATIST; CONTEMPL[=A]'TION, continued study of a particular subject: a meditation written, or a subject for such.--_adj._ and _n._ CONTEM'PLATIVE, given to contemplation.--_adv._ CONTEM'PLATIVELY.--_ns._ CONTEM'PLATIVENESS; CON'TEMPL[=A]TOR, one who contemplates: a student. [L. _contempl[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_, to mark out carefully a _templum_ or place for auguries--_con_, sig. completeness, and _templum_. See CONSIDER and TEMPLE.]

CONTEMPORANEOUS, kon-tem-po-r[=a]'ne-us, _adj._ living, happening, or being at the same time.--_n._ CONTEMPORAN[=E]'ITY (_geol._), does not imply that two systems were precisely synchronous, but merely that each occupies the same relative position in the succession of systems.--_adv._ CONTEMPOR[=A]'NEOUSLY.--_ns._ CONTEMPOR[=A]'NEOUSNESS; CONTEM'PORARINESS.--_adj._ CONTEM'PORARY, contemporaneous, occupying the same period (_with_).--_n._ one who lives at the same time: a rival newspaper or magazine.--_v.t._ CONTEM'PORISE, to make contemporary in mind. [L. _con_, together, and _temporaneus_--_tempus_, time.]

CONTEMPT, kon-tempt', _n._ scorn: disgrace: (_law_) disregard of the rules or an offence against the dignity of a court (with _of_, _for_).--_ns._ CONTEMPTIBIL'ITY, CONTEMPT'IBLENESS.--_adj._ CONTEMPT'IBLE, despicable.--_adv._ CONTEMPT'IBLY.--_adj._ CONTEMPT'UOUS, haughty, scornful.--_adv._ CONTEMPT'UOUSLY.--_n._ CONTEMPT'UOUSNESS. [See CONTEMN.]

CONTEND, kon-tend', _v.i._ to strive: to struggle in emulation or in opposition: to dispute or debate (with _against_, _for_, _with_, _about_): to urge one's course.--_ns._ CONTEND'ENT, CONTEND'ER, one who contends.--_p.adj._ CONTEND'ING, striving.--_n._ CONTEN'TION, a violent straining after any object: strife: debate.--_adj._ CONTEN'TIOUS, quarrelsome.--_adv._ CONTEN'TIOUSLY.--_n._ CONTEN'TIOUSNESS. [L. _contend[)e]re_, _-tentum_--_con_, with, _tend[)e]re_, to stretch.]

CONTENEMENT, kon-ten'[=e]-ment, _n._ land connected with a tenement.

CONTENT, kon-tent', or kon'tent, _n._ that which is contained: the capacity or extent of anything: the substance: (_pl._) the things contained: the list of subjects treated of in a book. [See CONTAIN.]

CONTENT, kon-tent', _adj._ having the desires limited by present enjoyment: satisfied.--_n._ satisfaction--often 'heart's content.'--_interj._ = I am content, agreed!--the formula of assent in the House of Lords.--_v.t._ to make content: to satisfy the mind: to make quiet: to please.--_n._ CONTENT[=A]'TION (_obs._).--_adj._ CONTENT'ED, content.--_adv._ CONTENT'EDLY.--_ns._ CONTENT'EDNESS, CONTENT'MENT.--_adj._ CONTENT'LESS, without content: discontented. [Fr.,--L. _contentus_, contained, hence satisfied--_con_, and _ten[=e]re_, to hold.]

CONTERMINOUS, kon-t[.e]r'min-us, _adj._ having a common boundary: coincident with: co-extensive with in time, substance, &c.--Also CONTER'MINABLE, CONTER'MINAL, CONTER'MINANT, CONTER'MINATE. [L. _conterminus_, neighbouring--_con_, together, and _terminus_, a boundary.]

CONTEST, kon-test', _v.t._ to call in question or make the subject of dispute: to strive for.--_n._ CON'TEST, a struggle for superiority: strife: debate.--_adj._ CONTEST'ABLE.--_ns._ CONTEST'ANT, one who contests; CONTEST[=A]'TION, the act of contesting: contest: strife: emulation.--_p.adj._ CONTEST'ED.--_adv._ CONTEST'INGLY, by contest.--CONTESTED ELECTION, an election for a member of parliament or the like, where more than one competitor offer themselves. [Fr.,--L. _contest[=a]ri_, to call to witness--_con_, and _test[=a]ri_, to be a witness--_testis_, a witness.]

CONTEXT, kon'tekst, _n._ the parts of a discourse or treatise which precede and follow a special passage and fix its true meaning.--_adj._ CONTEXT'UAL--_adv._ CONTEXT'UALLY.--_n._ CONTEXT'URE, the interweaving of parts into a whole: the structure or system of anything: any interwoven fabric: the composition of a writing.--_v.t._ (_Carlyle_) to weave. [L. _contextus_, _contex[)e]re_--_con_, together, _tex[)e]re_, _textum_, to weave.]

CONTICENT, kon'tis-ent, _adj._ (_Thackeray_) silent. [L. _conticent-em_, _con_, and _tac[=e]re_, to be silent.]

CONTIGNATION, kon-tig-n[=a]'shun, _n._ joining together: any structure so joined: a framework or stage. [L. _contignation-em_--_contign[=a]re_--_con_, _tignum_, wood.]

CONTIGUOUS, kon-tig'[=u]-us, _adj._ touching, adjoining: near.--_ns._ CONTIG[=U]'ITY, CONTIG'UOUSNESS.--_adv._ CONTIG'UOUSLY. [L. _contiguus_--_conting[)e]re_, to touch on all sides--_con_, wholly, _tang[)e]re_, to touch.]

CONTINENT, kon'ti-nent, _n._ a large extent of land not broken up by seas: the mainland of Europe: one of the great divisions of the land surface of the globe.--_adj._ restraining the indulgence of pleasure, esp. sexual: temperate: virtuous.--_ns._ CON'TINENCE, CON'TINENCY, the restraint imposed by a person upon his desires and passions: self-restraint in sexual indulgence, often absolute: chastity.--_adj._ CONTINENT'AL, characteristic of a continent, as of climate, &c.: pertaining to the European continent, or to the colonies of North America at the period of independence.--_n._ CONTINENT'ALISM, anything peculiar to the usage of the Continent.--_adv._ CON'TINENTLY.--CONTINENTAL SYSTEM, the name given to Napoleon's plan for shutting out England from all commercial connection with Europe. [L. _continentem_--_contin[=e]re_, to contain--_con_, together, _ten[)e]re_, to hold.]

CONTINGENT, kon-tin'jent, _adj._ dependent on something else: liable but not certain to happen: accidental.--_n._ an event which is liable but not certain to occur: a share or proportion, esp. of soldiers.--_ns._ CONTIN'GENCE, CONTIN'GENCY.--_adv._ CONTIN'GENTLY. [L. _contingent-em_--_con_, _tang[)e]re_, to touch.]

CONTINUE, kon-tin'[=u], _v.t._ to draw out or prolong: to extend or increase in any way: to unite without break: to persist in.--_v.i._ to remain in the same place or state: to last or endure: to persevere.--_adjs._ CONTIN'UABLE, that may be continued; CONTIN'UAL, without interruption: unceasing.--_adv._ CONTIN'UALLY.--_n._ CONTIN'UANCE, duration: uninterrupted succession: stay.--_adjs._ CONTIN'UANT; CONTIN'U[=A]TE, close united: (_Shak._) unbroken.--_ns._ CONTINU[=A]'TION, constant succession: extension; CONTINU[=A]'TION-DAY, the same as CONTANGO-DAY, that on which contangoes are fixed.--_adj._ CONTIN'U[=A]TIVE, continuing.--_n._ CONTIN'U[=A]TOR, one who continues or keeps up a series or succession.--_adj._ CONTIN'UED, uninterrupted: unceasing: extended.--_adv._ CONTIN'UEDLY.--_ns._ CONTIN'UEDNESS; CONTIN'UER, one who continues, or has the power of persevering; CONTIN[=U]'ITY, state of being continuous: uninterrupted connection.--_adj._ CONTIN'UOUS, joined together without interruption.--_adv._ CONTIN'UOUSLY.--_ns._ CONTIN'UOUSNESS; CONTIN'[=U]UM, a continuous thing:--_pl._ CONTIN'UA. [Fr.,--L. _continu[=a]re_--_continuus_, joined, connected, from _contin[=e]re_.]

CONTLINE, kont'l[=i]n, _n._ in the stowage of casks the space between them: the spiral intervals formed between the strands of a rope, by their being twisted together. [Prob. _cant_.]

CONTO, kont'o, _n._ a Portuguese money of account, a million reis = £220.

CONTORNIATE, kon-tor'ni-[=a]t, _n._ a coin or medal with a deep groove round the disc.--_adj._ having this.

CONTORNO, kon-tor'no, _n._ contour or outline. [It.]

CONTORT, kon-tort', _v.t._ to twist or turn violently: to writhe.--_adj._ CONTORT'ED, twisted: folded or twisted back upon itself, as some parts of plants.--_ns._ CONTOR'TION, a violent twisting; CONTOR'TIONIST, a gymnast who practises contorted postures: one who twists words and phrases.--_adj._ CONTORT'IVE, expressing contortion. [L. _con_, inten., and _torqu[=e]re_, _tortum_, to twist.]

CONTOUR, kon't[=oo]r, or kon-t[=oo]r', _n._ the outline: the line which bounds the figure of any object.--_v.t._ to mark with contour lines.--CONTOUR LINES, lines drawn in a map through points all at the same height above sea-level--usually on the British Ordnance Survey maps at intervals of 50 feet. [Fr. _con_, and _tour_, a turning--L. _tornus_--Gr. _tornos_, a lathe.]

CONTRA, kon'tra, _adv._ and _prep._ against, opposite: in front of: to the contrary: a doublet of COUNTER- (_mus._), signifying an octave lower than the typical form, as in _contrabass_, &c. See Appendix.

CONTRABAND, kon'tra-band, _adj._ contrary to law: prohibited.--_n._ illegal traffic: prohibition: prohibited goods.--_ns._ CON'TRABANDISM, trafficking in contraband goods; CON'TRABANDIST, a smuggler.--CONTRABAND OF WAR, a name applied to certain commodities, as military stores, and even coal in an age of war steamers, not to be supplied by neutral to belligerent powers. [Sp. _contrabanda_--It. _contrabbando_--L. _contra_, against, L. L. _bandum_, ban.]

CONTRABASS, kon'tra-b[=a]s, _n._ the double-bass viol, giving the lower octave to the bass in the orchestra.--_adj._ applied to other instruments taking a similar part.--Also CONTRABAS'SO and COUNT'ERBASE.

CONTRACT, kon-trakt', _v.t._ to draw together: to lessen: to shorten: to acquire: to incur: to bargain for: to betroth.--_v.i._ to shrink: to become less.--_n._ CON'TRACT, an agreement on fixed terms: a bond: a betrothment: the writing containing an agreement.--_adj._ CONTRACT'ED, drawn together: narrow: mean.--_adv._ CONTRACT'EDLY.--_ns._ CONTRACT'EDNESS; CONTRACTIBIL'ITY, CONTRACT'IBLENESS.--_adjs._ CONTRACT'IBLE, capable of being contracted; CONTRACT'ILE, tending or having power to contract.--_ns._ CONTRACTIL'ITY; CONTRAC'TION, act of contracting: a word shortened by rejecting a part of it: a symbol for shortening in palæography, &c.--_adj._ CONTRACT'IVE, tending to contract.--_n._ CONTRACT'OR, one of the parties to a bargain or agreement: one who engages to execute work or furnish supplies at a fixed rate.--_adj._ CONTRACT'UAL.--CONTRACT ONE'S SELF OUT OF, to get rid of some general obligation by making a special contract; CONTRACT WORK, work done for a fixed sum estimated beforehand and paid down for the whole job. [L. _contractus_--_con_, together, _trah[)e]re_, to draw.]

CONTRA-DANCE. See COUNTRY-DANCE.

CONTRADICT, kon-tra-dikt', _v.t._ to oppose by words: to assert the contrary: to deny: to be contrary to in character.--_adj._ CONTRADICT'ABLE.--_n._ CONTRADIC'TION, act of contradicting: a speaking against: denial: inconsistency.--_adj._ CONTRADIC'TIOUS.--_advs._ CONTRADIC'TIOUSLY (_rare_), CONTRADIC'TORILY.--_adjs._ CONTRADICT'IVE, CONTRADICT'ORY, affirming the contrary: inconsistent.--_n._ CONTRADICT'ORINESS, the quality of being contradictory, [L. _contradic[)e]re_, _-dictum_.]

CONTRADISTINCTION, kon-tra-dis-tingk'shun, _n._ distinction by contrast.--_adj._ CONTRADISTINCT'IVE, distinguishing by opposite qualities.--_v.t._ CONTRADISTIN'GUISH, to mark the difference between two things by contrasting their different qualities.

CONTRAFISSURE, kon'tra-fish-[=u]r, _n._ (_surg._) a fracture or contusion of the skull at a place opposite that on which the blow was received.

CONTRAHENT, kon'tra-hent, _adj._ entering into a contract.--_n._ a contracting party. [L. _contrahent-em_--_contrah[)e]re_.]

CONTRA-INDICATE, kon'tra-in'di-k[=a]t, _v.t._ of a disease, to show symptoms adverse to a particular treatment.--_ns._ CON'TRA-IN'DICANT, CON'TRA-INDIC[=A]'TION.

CONTRAIRE, kon-tr[=a]r, _adj._ an obsolete form of CONTRARY.

CONTRALATERAL, kon-tra-lat'e-ral, _adj._ occurring on the opposite side.

CONTRALTO, kon-tral't[=o], _n._ the deepest or lowest species of musical voice in boys, in eunuchs, and best of all in women. [See ALTO and COUNTER (1).]

CONTRAPLEX, kon'tra-pleks, _adj._ (_teleg._) having two currents or messages passing in opposite directions at the same time.

CONTRAPOSITION, kon'tra-po-zish'un, _n._ opposition, contrast: (_logic_) an immediate inference, which consists in denying the original subject of the contradictory of the original predicate.--_adj._ CON'TRA-POS'ITIVE.

CONTRAPTION, kon-trap'shun, _n._ (_U.S._) a contrivance.

CONTRAPUNTAL. See COUNTERPOINT.

CONTRA-ROTATION, kon'tra-r[=o]-t[=a]'shun, _n._ rotation in a contrary direction.

CONTRARY, kon'tra-ri, _adj._ opposite: contradictory--CONTRA'RIANT (_rare_).--_n._ a thing that is contrary or of opposite qualities.--_n.pl._ CON'TRARIES, things opposite in quality: (_logic_) propositions which destroy each other.--_n._ CONTRAR[=I]'ETY, opposition: inconsistency.--_adv._ CON'TRARILY.--_n._ CON'TRARINESS.--_adj._ CONTR[=A]'RIOUS, showing contrariety: repugnant: opposite.--_advs._ CONTR[=A]'RIOUSLY, contrarily; CON'TRARIWISE, on the contrary way or side: on the other hand. [L. _contrarius_--_contra_, against.]

CONTRAST, kon-trast', _v.i._ to stand in opposition to.--_v.t._ to set in opposition, in order to show superiority or give effect.--_n._ CON'TRAST, opposition or unlikeness in things compared: exhibition of differences.--_adj._ CONTRAST'IVE. [Fr. _contraster_--L. _contra_, opposite to, _st[=a]re_, to stand.]

CONTRATE, kon'tr[=a]t, _adj._ having cogs or teeth arranged in a manner contrary to the usual one, or projecting parallel to the axis.

CONTRA-TENOR. Same as COUNTER-TENOR (q.v. under COUNTER, 1).

CONTRAVALLATION, kon-tra-val-[=a]'shun, _n._ a fortification built by besiegers about the place invested. [L. _contra_, opposite, _vall[=a]re_, _[=a]tum_, to fortify.]

CONTRAVENE, kon-tra-v[=e]n', _v.t._ to oppose.--_n._ CONTRAVEN'TION, act of contravening: opposition: obstruction. [L. _contra_, against, _ven[=i]re_, to come.]

CONTRAYERVA, kon-tra-y[.e]r'va, _n._ a stimulating and tonic aromatic root of tropical America. [Sp. _contrayerba_--L. _contra_, against, _herba_, a herb.]

CONTRETEMPS, kon-tr-tang', _n._ something happening inopportunely or at the wrong time, anything embarrassing, a hitch. [Fr. _contre_--L. _contra_, against, and Fr. _temps_--L. _tempus_, time.]

CONTRIBUTE, kon-trib'[=u]t, _v.t._ to give along with others: to give for a common purpose: to furnish an article to a newspaper, &c.: to pay a share.--_v.i._ to give or bear a part.--_adj._ CONTRIB'UTARY, paying a share, contributable, subject to contribution.--_n._ CONTRIB[=U]'TION, a collection: a levy or charge imposed upon a people: anything furnished to a common stock: a written composition supplied to a jointly written book, newspaper, &c.--_adjs._ CONTRIB'UTIVE, CONTRIB'UTORY, giving a share: helping.--_n._ CONTRIB'UTOR. [L. _con_, with, _tribu[)e]re_, _-utum_, to give.]

CONTRIST, kon-trist', _v.t._ (_obs._) to sadden.--_n._ CONTRIST[=A]'TION. [Fr.,--L. _contrist[=a]re_--_con_, inten., and _tristis_, sad.]

CONTRITE, kon'tr[=i]t, _adj._ broken-hearted for sin: penitent.--_adv._ CON'TRITELY.--_ns._ CON'TRITENESS; CONTRI'TION, deep sorrow for sin: remorse. [L. _contritus_--_conter-[)e]re_--_con_, wholly, _ter-[)e]re_, to bruise.]

CONTRITURATE, kon-trit'[=u]-r[=a]t, _v.t._ to pulverise together.

CONTRIVE, kon-tr[=i]v', _v.t._ to plan: to invent: to bring about or effect: to plot.--_adj._ CONTRIV'ABLE, that may be contrived.--_ns._ CONTRIV'ANCE, CONTRIVE'MENT, act of contriving: the thing contrived: invention: design: artifice; CONTRIV'ER, a schemer, a manager. [O. Fr. _controver_--_con-_, _trover_, to find--L. _turb[=a]re_, to disturb.]

CONTRIVE, kon-triv', _v.t._ (_obs._) to spend, as time. [L. _conter-[)e]re_, _contritum_, perf. _contr[=i]vi_, to wear out.]

CONTROL, kon-tr[=o]l', _n._ restraint: authority: command.--_v.t._ to check: to restrain: to govern:--_pr.p._ contr[=o]l'ling; _pa.p._ contr[=o]lled'.--Formerly COMPTROLL', COUNTROL', CONTROUL'.--_adj._ CONTROL'LABLE, capable of, or subject to, control.--_ns._ CONTROL'LER, COMPTROL'LER, one who checks the accounts of others by a counter-roll; CONTROL'LERSHIP; CONTROL'MENT, act or power of controlling: state of being controlled: control. [Fr. _contrôle_, from _contre-rôle_, a duplicate register--L. _contra_, against, _rotulus_, a roll.]

CONTROVERT, kon'tro-v[.e]rt, _v.t._ to oppose: to argue against: to refute.--_adj._ CONTROVER'SIAL, relating to controversy.--_n._ CONTROVER'SIALIST, one given to controversy.--_adv._ CONTROVER'SIALLY.--_ns._ CON'TROVERSY, a debate: contest: resistance.--_adj._ CONTROVERT'IBLE.--_adv._ CONTROVERT'IBLY.--_n._ CON'TROVERTIST. [L. _contra_, against, and _vert-[)e]re_, to turn.]

CONTUMACIOUS, kon-t[=u]-m[=a]'shus, _adj._ opposing lawful authority with contempt: obstinate: stubborn.--_adv._ CONTUM[=A]'CIOUSLY.--_ns._ CONTUM[=A]'CIOUSNESS; CON-TUMAC'ITY; CON'TUMACY, obstinate disobedience or resistance. [L. _contumax_, _-acis_, insolent, from _con_, and _tum-[=e]re_, to swell, or _temn-[)e]re_, to despise.]

CONTUMELY, kon't[=u]-mel-i, _n._ rudeness: insolence: reproach.--_adj._ CONTUM[=E]'LIOUS, haughtily reproachful: insolent.--_adv._ CONTUM[=E]'LIOUSLY.--_n._ CONTUM[=E]'LIOUSNESS. [L. _contumelia_, which is prob. from the same source as _contumacy_.]

CONTUND, kon-tund', _v.t._ to bruise or pound.--_v.t._ CONT[=U]SE', to beat or bruise: to crush.--_n._ CONT[=U]'SION, act of bruising; state of being bruised; a bruise.--_adj._ CONT[=U]'SIVE, apt to bruise. [L. _contund[)e]re_, _contusum_--_con_, and _tund[)e]re_, to bruise.]

CONUNDRUM, kon-un'drum, _n._ a sort of riddle containing some odd or fanciful resemblance between things quite unlike: any puzzling question. [Ety. dub.]

CONVALESCE, kon-val-es', _v.i._ to regain health.--_ns._ CONVALES'CENCE, CONVALES'CENCY, gradual recovery of health and strength.--_adj._ CONVALES'CENT, gradually recovering health.--_n._ one recovering health. [L. _con_, and _valesc-[)e]re_--_val-[=e]re_, to be strong.]

CONVALLARIA, kon-va-l[=a]'ri-a, _n._ a genus of _Liliaceæ_, its only species the Lily-of-the-valley. [L. _convallis_, a sheltered valley.]

CONVECTION, kon-vek'shun, _n._ the process of transmission of heat or electricity through liquids or gases by means of currents.--_adj._ CONVEC'TIVE, occasioned by convection. [L.,--_con_, and _veh[)e]re_, to carry.]

CONVENANCE, kong've-nangs, _n._ what is suitable or proper: (_pl._) the conventional usages or social proprieties. [Fr.]

CONVENE, kon-v[=e]n', _v.i._ to come together: to assemble.--_v.t._ to call together.--_adj._ CONV[=E]'NABLE.--_n._ CONVEN'ER, one who convenes a meeting: the chairman of a committee. [Fr.,--L. _conven-[=i]re_, from _con_, together, and _ven[=i]re_, to come.]

CONVENIENT, kon-v[=e]n'yent, _adj._ suitable: handy: commodious.--_adj._ CONVEN'ABLE (_obs._), fitting.--_ns._ CONVEN'IENCE, CONVEN'IENCY, suitableness: an advantage: any particular domestic accommodation, as a closet, &c.--_adv._ CONVEN'IENTLY. [L. _conven[=i]re_.]

CONVENT, kon'vent, _n._ an association of persons secluded from the world and devoted to a religious life: the house in which they live, a monastery or nunnery.--_adj._ CONVENT'UAL, belonging to a convent.--_n._ a monk or nun; a member of one of the two divisions of the Franciscans, following a mitigated rule--the other being the _Observants_. [Through Fr. from L. _convent-um_, _conven[=i]re_, to come together.]

CONVENTICLE, kon-vent'i-kl, _n._ applied in contempt to a meeting for worship of dissenters from the Established Church, applied esp. to the field-preachings of the Presbyterian ministers in the persecutions under Charles II. and James II.: any private, clandestine, or irregular meeting.--_v.i._ to hold such.--_n._ CONVEN'TICLER. [L. _conventiculum_, a secret meeting of monks, dim. of _conventus_.]

CONVENTION, kon-ven'shun, _n._ an assembly, esp. of representatives or delegates for some common object: any extraordinary assembly called upon any special occasion: any temporary treaty: an agreement: established usage: fashion.--_adj._ CONVEN'TIONAL, formed by convention: growing out of tacit agreement or custom: customary: not spontaneous.--_v.t._ CONVEN'TIONALISE.--_ns._ CONVENTIONALISM, that which is established by tacit agreement, as a mode of speech, &c.; CONVEN'TIONALIST, one who adheres to a convention, or is swayed by conventionalism; CONVENTIONAL'ITY, state of being conventional: that which is established by use or custom.--_adv._ CONVEN'TIONALLY.--_adj._ CONVEN'TIONARY, acting under contract.--_ns._ CONVEN'TIONER, CONVEN'TIONIST. [Fr.,--L. _convention-em_. See CONVENE.]

CONVERGE, kon-v[.e]rj', _v.i._ to tend to one point.--_ns._ CONVER'GENCE, CONVER'GENCY, act or quality of tending to one point.--_adjs._ CONVER'GENT, CONVER'GING, tending to one point. [L. _con_, together, and _verg[)e]re_, to bend, to incline.]

CONVERSAZIONE, kon-v[.e]r-sat-se-[=o]'ne, _n._ a meeting for conversation, particularly on literary subjects:--_pl._ CONVERSAZI[=O]'NI (-n[=e]). [It.]

CONVERSE, kon-v[.e]rs', _v.i._ to have intercourse: to talk familiarly.--_n._ CON'VERSE, familiar intercourse: conversation.--_adj._ CONVERS'ABLE, disposed to converse: sociable.--_adv._ CONVERS'ABLY.--_ns._ CON'VERSANCE, CON'VERSANCY, state of being conversant: familiarity.--_adj._ CON'VERSANT, acquainted by study: familiar; (_B._) walking or associating with.--_n._ CONVERS[=A]'TION, intercourse: talk: familiar discourse; (_B._) behaviour or deportment.--_adj._ CONVERS[=A]'TIONAL.--_ns._ CONVERS[=A]'TIONALIST, CONVERS[=A]'TIONIST, one who excels in conversation; CONVERS[=A]'TIONISM, a colloquialism.--_adj._ CONVER'SATIVE, ready to talk. [Fr.,--L. _convers[=a]ri_, to live with--_con_, inten., and _vers[=a]re_, to turn much--_vert[)e]re_, to turn.]

CONVERT, kon-vert', _v.t._ to change or turn from one thing, condition, or religion to another: to change from an irreligious to a holy life: to alter one thing into another: to apply to a particular purpose.--_n._ CON'VERT, one converted: one who has become religious, or who has changed his religion.--_adj._ CON'VERSE, reversed in order or relation.--_n._ that which is the opposite of another: a proposition converted or turned about--i.e. one in which the subject and predicate have changed places.--_adv._ CON'VERSELY.--_ns._ CONVER'SION, change from one thing, state, or religion to another: (_theol._) the conscious change of heart impelling the repentant sinner to a new life: appropriation to a special purpose: (_logic_) act of interchanging the terms of a proposition; CON'VERTEND, the proposition to be converted; CONVERT'ER, one who converts: a vessel in which materials are changed from one condition to another; CONVERTIBIL'ITY, CONVERT'IBLENESS.--_adjs._ CONVERT'IBLE, CONVER'SIVE (_obs._), that may be converted: equivalent.--_adv._ CONVERT'IBLY.--_n._ CON'VERTITE, a convert, a reformed woman. [L. _convert[)e]re_, _conversum_--_con_, and _vert[)e]re_, to turn.]

CONVEX, kon'veks, _adj._ rising into a round form on the outside, the reverse of _concave_.--_n._ the vault of heaven, &c.--_adj._ CONVEXED', made convex.--_adv._ CONVEX'EDLY.--_ns._ CONVEX'ITY, CON'VEXNESS, roundness of form on the outside.--_adv._ CON'VEXLY.--_adjs._ CONVEX'O-CON'CAVE, convex on one side, and concave on the other; CONVEX'O-CON'VEX, convex on both sides. [L. _convexus_--_conveh-[)e]re_--_con_, together, and _veh[)e]re_, to carry.]

CONVEY, kon-v[=a]', _v.t._ to carry: to transmit: to impart: to steal: to communicate, as ideas: to make over in law.--_adj._ CONVEY'ABLE.--_ns._ CONVEY'AL; CONVEY'ANCE, the means of conveying: a vehicle of any kind: (_law_) the act of transferring property: the writing which transfers it; CONVEY'ANCER, one whose business is the preparation of deeds for the transference of property; CONVEY'ANCING, the business of a conveyancer; CONVEY'ER. [O. Fr. _conveier_--L. _con_, along with, and O. Fr. _veie_--L. _via_, a way.]

CONVICINITY, kon-vi-sin'i-ti, _n._ neighbourhood.

CONVICT, kon-vikt', _v.t._ to prove guilty: to pronounce guilty.--_n._ CON'VICT, one convicted or found guilty of crime, esp. one who has been condemned to penal servitude.--_ns._ CONVIC'TION, act of convincing: strong belief: a proving guilty: (_theol._) the condition of being consciously convicted of sin; CON'VICTISM, the convict system.--_adj._ CONVICT'IVE, able to convince or convict.--CARRY CONVICTION, to bear irresistibly the stamp or proof of truth; UNDER CONVICTION, in such a state of awakened consciousness. [From root of CONVINCE.]

CONVINCE, kon-vins', _v.t._ to subdue the mind by evidence: to satisfy as to truth or error: (_B._) to convict: to refute.--_n._ CONVINCE'MENT.--_adjs._ CONVINC'IBLE; CONVINC'ING, producing conviction.--_adv._ CONVINC'INGLY. [L. _convinc[)e]re_, _con_, sig. completeness, and _vinc[)e]re_, _victum_, to conquer.]

CONVIVIAL, kon-viv'i-al, _adj._ feasting in company: relating to a feast: social: jovial.--_v.i._ CONVIVE' (_Shak._), to feast together.--_n._ a companion at table.--_ns._ CONVIV'IALIST, a convivial fellow; CONVIVIAL'ITY.--_adv._ CONVIV'IALLY. [L.,--_convivium_, a living together, a feast--_con_, together, and _viv[)e]re_, to live.]

CONVOKE, kon-v[=o]k', _v.t._ to call together: to assemble--also CON'VOC[=A]TE.--_n._ CONVOC[=A]'TION, act of convoking: a provincial synod of clergy, the ancient ecclesiastical council of the archbishop, esp. those of the provinces of Canterbury and York in the Church of England: the great legislative assembly of the university at Oxford and elsewhere.--_adj._ CONVOC[=A]'TIONAL.--_n._ CONVOC[=A]'TIONIST. [L. _convoc[=a]re_--_con_, together, and _voc[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to call.]

CONVOLVE, kon-volv', _v.t._ to roll together, or one part on another.--_adjs._ CON'VOLUTE, -D, rolled together, or one part on another.--_n._ CONVOL[=U]'TION, a twisting: a fold. [L. _con_, together, _volv[)e]re_, _-utum_, to roll.]

CONVOLVULUS, kon-vol'v[=u]-lus, _n._ a genus of twining or trailing plants, called also _Bindweed_. [L.,--_convolv[)e]re_.]

CONVOY, kon-voy', _v.t._ to accompany for protection.--_n._ CON'VOY, the act of convoying: protection: that which convoys or is convoyed, esp. a ship or ships of war guarding a fleet of merchant-vessels, also the ships so protected: an honourable escort: a supply of stores, &c., under escort. [Fr. _convoyer_. See CONVEY.]

CONVULSE, kon-vuls', _v.t._ to agitate violently: to affect by spasms.--_adj._ CONVUL'SIBLE, subject to convulsion.--_n._ CONVUL'SION, any involuntary contraction of the voluntary muscles of the body, esp. such seizures in which the body is thrown into violent spasmodic contractions, the sensibility and voluntary motion being for a time suspended: any violent disturbance.--_adjs._ CONVUL'SIONAL, CONVUL'SIONARY, pertaining to convulsions.--_n.pl._ CONVUL'SIONARIES, a fanatical sect of Jansenists who sprang up in France about 1730.--_adj._ CONVULS'IVE, attended with convulsions: spasmodic.--_adv._ CONVULS'IVELY.--_n._ CONVULS'IVENESS. [L. _con_, inten., and _vell[)e]re_, _vulsum_, to pluck, to pull.]

CONY, CONEY, k[=o]'ni, or kun'i, _n._ a rabbit: (_B._) translation of Heb. _shâphân_, the _Hyrax syriacus_, or rock-badger: (_obs._) an equivocal term of endearment for a woman.--_n._ C[=O]'NY-BURR'OW, a rabbit-warren.--_v.t._ C[=O]'NY-CATCH (_Shak._), to cheat.--_ns._ C[=O]NY-CATCH'ER, a cheat; C[=O]'NY-WOOL, rabbits' fur. [Prob. through O. Fr. _connil_, from L. _cuniculus_, a rabbit.]

CONYZA, k[=o]-n[=i]'za, _n._ a genus of strong-smelling herbaceous composite plants--applied formerly to the fleabanes. [Gr.]

COO, k[=oo], _v.i._ to make a sound as a dove: to caress fondly, usually in phrase, 'to bill and coo:'--_pr.p._ c[=oo]'ing; _pa.p._ c[=oo]ed.--_n._ the sound emitted by doves.--_adv._ COO'INGLY. [From the sound.]

COOEE, k[=oo]'[=e], COOEY, koo'i, _n._ the signal-call of the native Australians in the bush.--_v.i._ to make such.

COOF, küf, _n._ (_Scot._) a stupid fellow. [Prob. M. E. _cofe_, the modern _Cove_, a fellow.]

COOK, kook, _v.t._ to prepare food: to manipulate for any purpose, or falsify, as accounts, &c.: to concoct.--_n._ one whose business is to cook.--_ns._ COOK'ERY, the art or practice of cooking; COOK'ERY-BOOK, a book of receipts for cooking dishes.--_n.pl._ COOK'ING-APP'LES, &c., apples, &c., sold specially for cooking.--_ns._ COOK'ING-RANGE, a stove adapted for cooking several things at once; COOK'-ROOM, a room in which food is cooked; COOK'-SHOP, an eating-house.--TO COOK ONE'S GOOSE (_slang_), to finish off, to kill. [A.S. _cóc_, a cook (Ger. _koch_), borrowed from L. _coquus_.]

COOK, kook, _v.i._ to make the sound of the cuckoo.

COOK, kook, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to appear and disappear by turns.

COOKIE, kook'i, _n._ a kind of sweet cake used at tea.--_n._ COOKIE-SHINE, a tea-party. [Dut. _koekje_, a cake.]

COOL, k[=oo]l, _adj._ slightly cold: free from excitement: calm: not zealous, ardent, or cordial: indifferent: impudent: colloquially of a large sum of money, as 'a cool thousand.'--_v.t._ to make cool: to allay or moderate, as heat, excitement, passion, &c.--_v.i._ to grow cool.--_n._ that which is cool: coolness.--_n._ COOL'ER, anything that cools: a vessel in which something is cooled--e.g. 'a butter-cooler.'--_adjs._ COOL'-HEAD'ED, not easily excited: capable of acting with composure; COOL'ISH, somewhat cool; COOL'LY (_Spens._), cool.--_adv._ in a cool manner: indifferently: impudently.--_ns._ COOL'NESS, moderate cold: indifference: want of zeal; COOL'-TANK'ARD, a cooling drink of wine and water, with lemon-juice, spices, and borage: a local name of borage; COOLTH (_dial._), coolness. [A.S. _cól_; Ger. _kühl_. See COLD and CHILL.]

COOLIE, COOLY, k[=oo]l'i, _n._ an Indian or Chinese labourer who has emigrated under contract to a foreign land: a European's name for a hired native labourer in India and China. [Prob. _Kuli_, a tribe of Guzerat; or orig. Tamil, cf. _k[=u]li_, hire.]

COOM, k[=oo]m, _n._ matter that gathers at the naves of wheels: soot that gathers at the mouth of an oven: coal-dust. [Prob. conn. with Ger. _kahm_, mould gathered on liquids.]

COOM, k[=oo]m, _n._ (_Scot._) the wooden centering on which a bridge is built: anything arched or vaulted.--_adj._ COOM'-CEILED, said of a garret with the inside ceiling sloping from the wall. [Origin obscure.]

COOMB, COMB, k[=oo]m, _n._ a deep little wooded valley: a hollow on the flank of a hill. [A.S. _cumb_, a hollow.]

COOMB, COMB, k[=oo]m, _n._ a measure of capacity = 4 bushels. [A.S. _cumb_, a measure.]

COON, k[=oo]n, _n._ the raccoon: a sly fellow.--A GONE COON, one whose case is hopeless. [U.S.]

COONTIE, COONTY, k[=oo]n'ti, _n._ the arrowroot plant of Florida.

COOP, k[=oo]p, _n._ a tub, cask, or barrel: a box or cage for fowls or small animals.--_v.t._ to confine in a coop: to shut up or confine.--_n._ COOP'ER, one who makes tubs, casks, &c.: a mixture of stout and porter.--_v.t._ to repair (tubs, &c.): to prepare, patch up.--_ns._ COOP'ERAGE, the work or workshop of a cooper: the sum paid for a cooper's work; COOP'ERING; COOP'ERY, the business of a cooper. [A.S. _cýpe_, a basket; cf. Ger. _kufe_.]

COOPER, k[=oo]p'[.e]r, _n._ a floating grog-shop.--_v.i._ to supply fishing-boats at sea with liquor. [See COPER.]

CO-OPERATE, k[=o]-op'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.i._ to work together.--_n._ CO-OPER[=A]'TION, joint operation; the association of a number of persons for the cheaper purchasing of goods, or for carrying on some branch of industry.--_adjs._ CO-OP'ER[=A]TIVE, CO-OP'ERANT, working together.--_n._ CO-OP'ER[=A]TOR.--CO-OPERATING GRACE (_theol._), the R.C., Arminian, and Socinian doctrine that the human will co-operates with the divine in the matter of saving grace. [CO-, together, and OPERATE.]

CO-OPT, k[=o]-opt', _v.t._ to elect into any body by the votes of its members.--_ns._ CO-OPT[=A]'TION, CO-OP'TION.--_adj._ CO-OP'TATIVE. [L. _coopt[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_co-_, together, _opt[=a]re_, to choose.]

CO-ORDINATE, k[=o]-or'di-n[=a]t, _adj._ holding the same order or rank.--_v.t._ to make co-ordinate.--_n._ a co-ordinate element: each of a system of two or more magnitudes used to define the position of a point, line, or plane, by reference to a fixed system of lines, points, &c.--_n._ CO-OR'DINANCE, a joint ordinance.--_adv._ CO-OR'DINATELY.--_ns._ CO-OR'DINATENESS, the state of being co-ordinate: equality of rank, &c.; CO-ORDIN[=A]'TION, state of being co-ordinate.--_adj._ CO-OR'DINATIVE, indicating co-ordination.

COOST, küst, a Scotch form of CAST.

COOT, k[=oo]t, _n._ a short-tailed water-fowl, with a characteristic white spot--an extension of the bill--on the forehead; hence called _bald_, as in phrase, 'bald as a coot.' [M. E. _cote_; cf. Dut. _koet_.]

COOT, küt, _n._ (_Scot._) the ankle.--_adj._ COOT'IE, having legs clad with feathers. [Scot.; cf. Dut. _koot_; Flem. _keute_.]

COP, kop, _n._ a conical ball of thread on a spindle--also COP'PIN: (_obs._) a top or head of anything.--_adj._ COPPED, rising to a cop or head. [A.S. _cop_, _copp_.]

COP, kop, _v.t._ (_slang_) to capture.--_ns._ COP, COP'PER (_slang_), a policeman.

COPAIBA, ko-p[=a]'ba, _n._ a balsam obtained from an American tree, much used in medicine.--Also COPAI'VA. [Sp.,--Braz.]

COPAL, k[=o]'pal, _n._ a resinous substance used in varnishes. [Sp.,--Mex. _copalli_, resins generally.]

COPARTNER, k[=o]-pärt'ner, _n._ a joint partner.--_ns._ COPART'NERSHIP, COPART'NERY, COPAR'CENER, COPAR'CENARY. [L. _co-_, together, and PARTNER.]

COPATAIN, kop'a-t[=a]n, _adj._ (_Shak._) of a hat, high-crowned like a sugar-loaf.

COPATRIOT. A form of COMPATRIOT.

COPE, k[=o]p, _n._ a covering: a cap or hood: anything spread overhead: a coping: an ecclesiastical vestment worn over the alb or surplice in processions, at solemn lauds and vespers, but not by the celebrant at mass, semicircular, without sleeves and with a hood, fastened across the breast with a clasp or morse, the straight edge usually ornamented with a broad orphrey.--_v.t._ to cover with a cope.--_ns._ COPE'-STONE, COP'ING-STONE, the stone which copes or tops a wall; COP'ING, the covering course of masonry of a wall. [From root of CAP.]

COPE, k[=o]p, _v.t._ to barter or exchange. [Cf. Dut. _koopen_.]

COPE, k[=o]p, _v.i._ to contend.--_v.t._ to vie with, esp. on equal terms or successfully: to match.--_n._ COPES'MATE (_Shak._), a companion. [Fr. _couper_--L. _colaphus_, a blow with the fist.]

COPECK, KOPECK, k[=o]'pek, _n._ a Russian copper coin, worth from ¼ to 1/3 of a penny English. [Russ.]

COPER, k[=o]p'[.e]r, _n._ a ship employed in surreptitiously supplying strong drink to deep-sea fishermen--often spelt COOPER.--_v.i._ to supply liquor in such a way. [Dut. _kooper_--_koopen_, to trade; cf. Ger. _kaufen_, to buy; A.S. _ceápan_.]

COPERNICAN, ko-p[.e]r'ni-kan, _adj._ relating to _Copernicus_, the famous Prussian astronomer (1473-1543), or to his system.

COPHOSIS, k[=o]-f[=o]'sis, _n._ total deafness. [Gr.,--_k[=o]phos_, deaf.]

COPHOUSE, kop'hows, _n._ a tool-house.

COPIER. See COPY.

COPIOUS, k[=o]'pi-us, _adj._ plentiful: overflowing: not concise.--_adv._ C[=O]'PIOUSLY.--_n._ C[=O]'PIOUSNESS. [L. _copiosus_--_copia_, plenty--_co-_, inten., and _ops_, _opis_, wealth.]

COPLAND, kop'land, _n._ a piece of ground terminating in a cop or acute angle.

COPOPSIA, k[=o]-pop'si-a, _n._ fatigue of sight. [Gr. _k[=o]phos_, dull, _opsis_, sight.]

CO-PORTION, k[=o]-por'shun, _n._ (_Spens._) equal portion or share.

COPOS, kop'os, _n._ a morbid lassitude. [Gr.]

COPPER, kop'[.e]r, _n._ a moderately hard metal of a fine red colour, perhaps the first metal employed by man: money made of copper--e.g. 'a copper' = a penny or halfpenny: a vessel made of copper.--_adj._ made of copper: copper-coloured.--_v.t._ to cover with copper.--_adj._ COPP'ER-BOTT'OMED, having the bottom covered with copper, as a ship--_n._ COPP'ER-CAP'TAIN, one who styles himself captain without grounds.--_adjs._ COPP'ER-FACED, faced with copper, as type; COPP'ER-FAS'TENED, fastened with copper bolts.--_ns._ COPP'ER-HEAD, a United States snake: (_U.S._) a northern sympathiser with the South in the Civil War; COPP'ERING, the act of sheathing with copper: a covering of copper.--_adjs._ COPP'ERISH, COPP'ERY, C[=U]'PREOUS, containing or like copper.--_ns._ COPP'ER-NICK'EL, arsenical nickel, niccolite; COPP'ER-NOSE, a red nose caused by intemperance; COPP'ERPLATE, a plate of polished copper on which something has been engraved: an impression taken from the plate; COPP'ER-PYR[=I]'TES, a double sulphide of copper and iron of yellow hue; COPP'ER-SMITH, a smith who works in copper; COPP'ER-WORK, a place where copper is wrought or manufactured; COPP'ERWORM, the ship-worm.--HOT COPPERS, parched tongue and throat after a bout of drinking. [Low L. _cuper_--L. _cuprum_, a contr. of _cyprium aes_, 'Cyprian brass,' because found in _Cyprus_.]

COPPERAS, kop'[.e]r-as, _n._ sulphate of iron, used in dyeing black, or making ink. [Fr. _couperose_ (It. _copparosa_)--L. _cupri rosa_, rose of copper--so Diez.]