Chapter XXXV: Part 35

DRAIN, dr[=a]n, _v.t._ to draw off by degrees: to filter: to clear of water by drains: to make dry: to drink dry: to exhaust.--_v.i._ to flow off gradually.--_n._ a watercourse: a ditch: a sewer: (_slang_) a drink: exhausting expenditure.--_adj._ DRAIN'ABLE.--_ns._ DRAIN'AGE, the drawing off of water by rivers or other channels: the system of drains in a town; DRAIN'AGE-BASIN, the area of land which drains into one river; DRAIN'AGE-TUBE, a tube of silver, india-rubber, glass, &c., introduced by a surgeon into a wound or abscess to draw off pus, &c.; DRAIN'ER, a utensil on which articles are placed to drain; DRAIN'ING-EN'GINE, a pumping-engine for mines, &c.; DRAIN'ING-PLOUGH, a form of plough used in making drains; DRAIN'-PIPE; DRAIN'-TILE; DRAIN'-TRAP, a contrivance for preventing the escape of foul air from drains, but admitting the water into them. [A.S. _dréahnigan_--_dragan_, to draw.]

DRAKE, dr[=a]k, _n._ the male of the duck.--_n._ DRAKE'STONE, a flat stone thrown along the surface of water so as to graze it and then rebound. [Ety. dub.; cf. prov. Ger. _draak_; O. High Ger. _antrahho_, Ger. _enterich_, the first element usually explained as _eend_, _end_, _anut_, 'duck.']

DRAKE, dr[=a]k, _n._ a dragon: a fiery meteor: a beaked galley, or Viking ship of war: an angler's name for species of _Ephemera_. [A.S. _draca_, dragon--L. _draco_.]

DRAM, dram, _n._ a contraction of DRACHM: 1/16th of an oz. avoirdupois: formerly, with apothecaries, 1/8th of an oz.: as much raw spirits as is drunk at once.--_v.i._ to drink a dram.--_v.t._ to give a dram to.--_ns._ DRAM'-DRINK'ER; DRAM'-SHOP. [Through Fr. and L., from Gr. _drachm[=e]_. See DRACHMA.]

DRAMA, dram'a, _n._ a story of human life and action represented by actors imitating the language, dress, &c. of the original characters: a composition intended to be represented on the stage: dramatic literature: theatrical entertainment: a series of deeply interesting events.--_adjs._ DRAMATIC, -AL, belonging to the drama: appropriate to or in the form of a drama: with the force and vividness of the drama.--_adv._ DRAMAT'ICALLY.--_n._ DRAMAT'ICISM.--_adj._ DRAM'AT[=I]SABLE.--_n._ DRAMATIS[=A]'TION, the act of dramatising: the dramatised version of a novel or story.--_v.i._ DRAM'AT[=I]SE, to compose in, or turn into, the form of a drama or play.--_n._ DRAM'ATIST, a writer of plays.--DRAM'ATIS PERS[=O]'NÆ (-[=e]), the characters of a drama or play. [L.,--Gr. _drama_, _dramatos_--_draein_, to do.]

DRAMATURGY, dram'a-tur-ji, _n._ the principles of dramatic composition: theatrical art.--_ns._ DRAM'ATURGE, DRAM'ATURGIST, a playwright.--_adj._ DRAM'ATURGIC. [Through Fr. from Gr. _dramatourgia_, _dramatourgos_, playwright--_drama_, and _ergon_, a work.]

DRAMMOCK, dram'ok, _n._ meal and water mixed raw.

DRANK, drangk, _pa.t._ of DRINK.

DRANT, drant, _v.i._ and _v.t._ (_prov._) to drawl, to drone.--_n._ a droning tone.

DRAPER, dr[=a]p'[.e]r, _n._ one who deals in drapery or cloth:--_fem._ DRAP'ERESS.--_n._ DRAP-DE-BERRY, a woollen cloth, coming from _Berry_ in France.--_v.t._ DRAPE, to cover with cloth.--_p.adj._ DRAP'ERIED, draped.--_n._ DRAP'ERY, cloth goods: hangings of any kind: the draper's business: (_art_) the representation of the dress of human figures.--_v.t._ to drape.--_n._ DRAP'ET (_Spens._), cloth, coverlet. [Fr. _drapier_--_drap_, from a Teut. root. See DRAB.]

DRAPPIE, DRAPPY, drap'i, _n._ (_Scot._) a little drop, esp. of spirits.

DRASTIC, dras'tik, _adj._ active, powerful.--_n._ a medicine that purges quickly or thoroughly.--_adv._ DRAS'TICALLY. [Gr. _drastikos_--_draein_, to act, to do.]

DRAT, drat, _v.t._ a minced oath used to express vexation, as 'Drat the boy!' [Aphetic from God rot!]

DRATCHELL, drach'el, _n._ (_prov._) a slut.--Also DROTCH'ELL.

DRAUGHT, dräft, _n._ act of drawing: force needed to draw: the act of drinking: the quantity drunk at a time: outline of a picture: that which is taken in a net by drawing: a chosen detachment of men: a current of air: the depth to which a ship sinks in the water.--_v.t._ (more commonly DRAFT), to draw out.--_n._ DRAUGHT'-EN'GINE, the engine over the shaft of a coal-pit.--_n.pl._ DRAUGHT'-HOOKS, large iron hooks fixed on the cheeks of a cannon-carriage.--_ns._ DRAUGHT'-HOUSE (_B._), a sink, privy; DRAUGHT'INESS; DRAUGHT'-NET, a drag-net.--_n.pl._ DRAUGHTS, a game in which two persons make alternate moves (_draughts_) on a checkered board, called the DRAUGHT'BOARD, with pieces called DRAUGHTS'MEN--U.S. _checkers_, Scot. _dambrod_.--_n._ DRAUGHTS'MAN (see DRAFTSMAN).--_adj._ DRAUGHT'Y, full of draughts or currents of air. [M. E. _draht_--A.S. _dragan_, to draw. See DRAG, _v._, and DRAW.]

DRAVE, dr[=a]v, old _pa.t._ of DRIVE.

DRAVIDIAN, dra-vid'i-an, _n._ of the non-Aryan stock to which the Tamil, Telugu, Canarese, and Malay[=a]lam speaking peoples of Southern India belong: of the languages of these races. [Sans. _Dr[=a]vida_, an ancient province of Southern India.]

DRAW, draw, _v.t._ to pull along: to bring forcibly towards one: to entice, attract: to coax into giving information: to make one express himself (also to DRAW OUT A MAN): to inhale: to take out: to evoke or bring out by some artifice: to extract by pulling: to cast lots: to extract the essence of: to eviscerate (hang, _draw_, and quarter): to manufacture (wire) by drawing through a small hole: to deduce: to lengthen: to extend to the full length (as in drawing a bow): to force to appear (as a badger from its hole): to receive (as revenues): to demand money by a draft: to make a picture of, by lines drawn: to describe: to require a depth of water for floating.--_v.i._ to pull: to practise drawing: to move: to approach: to have a free current (of a chimney):--_pa.t._ drew (dr[=oo]); _pa.p._ drawn.--_n._ the act of drawing: anything drawn: a drawn or undecided game.--_adj._ DRAW'ABLE.--_ns._ DRAW'BACK, a disadvantage: a receiving back some part of the duty on goods on their exportation; DRAW'-BAR (same as DRAG-BAR); DRAW'-BOY, the boy who pulls the cords of the harness in figure-weaving, a mechanical device for this purpose; DRAW'BRIDGE, a bridge that can be drawn up or let down at pleasure; DRAW[=E][=E]', the person on whom a bill of exchange is drawn; DRAW'ER, he or that which draws: one who draws beer or fetches liquor in a tavern: a thing drawn out, like the sliding box in a case: (_pl._) a close under-garment for the lower limbs; DRAW'-GEAR, the apparatus by which railway-cars are coupled; DRAW'ING, the art of representing objects by lines drawn, shading, &c.: a picture: the distribution of prizes, as at a lottery; DRAW'ING-BOARD; DRAW'ING-FRAME, a machine in which carded wool, cotton, or the like is drawn out fine; DRAW'ING-KNIFE, a knife with a handle at each end, used by coopers for shaving hoops by drawing it towards one; DRAW'ING-MAS'TER; DRAW'ING-P[=A]'PER; DRAW'ING-PEN; DRAW'ING-PEN'CIL; DRAW'ING-ROOM, in engineering, a room where plans and patterns are drawn; DRAW'ING-T[=A]'BLE, a table which can be extended in length by drawing out sliding leaves; DRAW'-NET (same as DRAG-NET); DRAW'-PLATE, a plate of steel or ruby with a hole drilled in it through which wire, tubing, or the like is drawn to make it more slender; DRAW'-WELL, a well from which water is drawn up by a bucket and apparatus.--DRAW A BEAD ON (see BEAD); DRAW A BLANK (see BLANK); DRAW A COVER, to send the hounds into a cover to frighten out a fox; DRAW BLANK, to do so, but find no fox; DRAW BACK, to retire: to withdraw from an engagement; DRAW CUTS, to cast lots; DRAW IN, to reduce, contract: to become shorter; DRAW IT FINE, to be too precise; DRAW IT MILD, to state a thing without exaggeration; DRAW NEAR, to approach; DRAW OFF, to take wine, ale, &c. out of a barrel: to retire; DRAW ON, to approach (of a fixed date); DRAW ON ONE'S IMAGINATION, to make imaginative or lying statements; DRAW ON ONE'S MEMORY, to try to remember; DRAW OUT, to leave the place (of an army), &c.; DRAW OVER, to persuade to desert to the other side; DRAW REIN, to slacken speed, to stop; DRAW THE LINE, to fix a limit; DRAW UP, to form in regular order: to arrange or to be arranged (as troops): to compose (as a protest, &c.): to stop (as in driving a carriage).--IN DRAWING, correctly drawn; OUT OF DRAWING, inaccurately drawn, or drawn in violation of the principles of drawing. [A later form of DRAG.]

DRAWCANSIR, draw'kan-s[.e]r, _n._ a blustering fellow, a braggart. [The name of a character in Buckingham's _Rehearsal_ (1671).]

DRAWING-ROOM, draw'ing-r[=oo]m, _n._ a room to which the company withdraws after dinner: a reception of company at court.--DRAWING-ROOM CAR, a railway-carriage fitted up as a drawing-room. [Orig. _Withdrawing-room_.]

DRAWL, drawl, _v.i._ (_obs._) to dawdle: to speak in a slow, lengthened tone.--_v.t._ to utter (words) in a slow and sleepy manner.--_n._ a slow, lengthened utterance.--_n._ DRAWL'ER.--_adv._ DRAWL'INGLY.--_n._ DRAWL'INGNESS. [Freq. of _draw_, as _draggle_ of _drag_.]

DRAWN, drawn, _part._ and _adj._ from DRAW, esp. in 'a drawn game or battle,' undecided.--DRAWN AND QUARTERED, disembowelled and cut into quarters.--AT DAGGERS DRAWN, openly hostile.

DRAY, dr[=a], _n._ a low strong cart for heavy goods; that which is dragged or drawn.--_ns._ DRAY'AGE; DRAY'-HORSE; DRAY'MAN; DRAY'-PLOUGH. [A.S. _dræge_, from _dragan_. See DRAG, _v._]

DRAZEL, dr[=a]z'el, _n._ (_prov._) a slut.

DREAD, dred, _n._ fear: awe: the objects that excite fear.--_adj._ dreaded: inspiring great fear or awe.--_v.t._ to regard with terror: to regard with reverence.--_adjs._ DREAD'ABLE; DREAD'FUL, (_orig._) full of dread: producing great fear or awe: terrible.--_adv._ DREAD'FULLY.--_n._ DREAD'FULNESS.--_adj._ DREAD'LESS, free from dread: intrepid.--_adv._ DREAD'LESSLY.--_n._ DREAD'LESSNESS.--_adj._ DREAD'LY (_Spens._) dreadful.--_ns._ DREAD'NAUGHT, DREAD'NOUGHT, one who dreads nothing--hence, a garment of thick cloth defending against the weather: the cloth of which it is made.--PENNY DREADFUL, a cheap sensational serial or tale, usually bloody in subject and vulgar in tone. [M. E. _dreden_--A.S. _on-dr['æ]dan_, to fear; Ice. _ondréda_, Old High Ger. _in-tratan_, to be afraid.]

DREAM, dr[=e]m, _n._ a train of thoughts and fancies during sleep, a vision: something only imaginary.--_v.i._ to fancy things during sleep: to think idly.--_v.t._ to see in, or as in, a dream:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ dreamed or dreamt (dremt).--_ns._ DREAM'ER; DREAM'ERY, a place favourable to dreams: dream-work.--_adj._ DREAM'FUL (_Tenn._), dreamy.--_n._ DREAM'HOLE, one of the holes in the walls of steeples, towers, &c., for admitting light.--_adv._ DREAM'ILY.--_n._ DREAM'INESS.--_adv._ DREAM'INGLY.--_n._ DREAM'LAND, the land of dreams, reverie, or imagination.--_adj._ DREAM'LESS, free from dreams.--_ns._ DREAM'WHILE, the duration of a dream; DREAM'WORLD, a world of illusions.--_adj._ DREAM'Y, full of dreams: appropriate to dreams: dream-like. [M. E. _dream_, _dr[=e]m_, not recorded in A.S., but pointing to an assumed A.S. _dréam_, cog. with O. High Ger. _troum_, O. Norse _draum_, &c. This is distinct from the A.S. _dréam_, mirth, minstrelsy, being ultimately related to _dreug-_, _draug-_, _drug-_, to deceive, the radical sense therefore 'illusion.']

DREAR, dr[=e]r, DREARY, dr[=e]r'i, _adj._ gloomy: cheerless.--_adv._ DREAR'ILY.--_ns._ DREAR'IMENT, DREAR'ING, DREAR'IHEAD, DREAR'IHOOD (_Spens._), dreariness, cheerlessness; DREAR'INESS.--_adj._ DREAR'ISOME, desolate, forlorn. [A.S. _dreórig_, mournful, bloody--_dreór_, gore.]

DREDGE, drej, _n._ an instrument for dragging: a drag-net for catching oysters, &c.: a machine for taking up mud or zoological specimens from the bottom of the sea: a floating machine for deepening a harbour or river by gathering up mud from the bottom by means of buckets on an endless chain--also DREDG'ER, DREDG'ING-MACHINE'.--_v.t._ DREDGE, to gather with a dredge: to deepen with a dredge. [Conn. with _drag_.]

DREDGE, drej, _v.t._ to sprinkle flour on meat while roasting.--_ns._ DREDG'ER, DREDGE'-BOX, DREDG'ING-BOX, a utensil for dredging. [O. Fr. _dragie_, sugar-plum, mixed grain for horses--Gr. _trag[=e]mata_, spices.]

DREE, dr[=e], _v.i._ to endure, bear, esp. in DREE ONE'S WEIRD, to abide one's destiny. [Scot.; A.S. _dre[=o]gan_, suffer, perform; Prov. Eng. _dree_, Scot. _dreich_, _dreigh_, all meaning wearisome.]

DREGS, dregz, _n.pl._ impurities in liquor that fall to the bottom, the grounds: dross: the vilest part of anything.--_ns._ DREG'GINESS, DREG'GISHNESS.--_adj._ DREG'GY, containing dregs: muddy: foul. [Prob. Scand.; Ice. _dreggjar_.]

DREICH, dr[=e]h, _adj._ (_Scot._) long, tiresome. [See DREE.]

DRENCH, drensh, _v.t._ to fill with drink or liquid: to wet thoroughly: to soak: to physic by force: (_obs._) to drown.--_n._ a draught: a dose of physic forced down the throat.--_n._ DRENCH'ER. [A.S. _drencan_, to give to drink, from _drincan_, to drink; Ger. _tränken_, to soak. See DRINK.]

DRENT, drent (_Spens._), obsolete _pa.t._ of DRENCH.

DRESS, dres, _v.t._ to put straight or in order, as troops: to put clothes upon: to prepare: to cook: to trim: to deck: to cleanse a sore: to manure.--_v.i._ to come into line: to put on clothes:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ dressed or drest.--_n._ the covering or ornament of the body: a lady's gown: style of dress.--_ns._ DRESS'-CIR'CLE, part of a theatre (usually the first gallery) set apart for people in evening dress; DRESS'-COAT, a fine black coat with narrow or cut-away skirts, worn when in full dress; DRESS'ER, one who dresses: a medical student who dresses wounds: a table on which meat is dressed or prepared for use: a kind of kitchen sideboard with rows of shelves for plates, dishes, &c.--_n.pl._ DRESS'-GOODS, cloths for making women's and children's gowns, frocks, &c.--_ns._ DRESS'ING, dress or clothes: manure given to land: matter used to give stiffness and gloss to cloth: the sauce, &c., used in preparing a dish for the table, stuffing, &c.: the bandage, &c., applied to a sore: an ornamental moulding: a thrashing; DRESS'ING-CASE, a case of toilet requisites used in dressing one's self: DRESS'ING-GOWN, a loose garment used in dressing, or in deshabille; DRESS'ING-JACK'ET, DRESS'ING-SACK, a jacket worn by women in dressing: DRESS'ING-ROOM; DRESS'ING-T[=A]'BLE; DRESS'MAKER, a person who makes gowns or dresses for women.--_adj._ DRESS'Y, fond of dress.--EVENING DRESS, FULL DRESS, the costume prescribed by fashion for evening receptions, dinners, balls, &c. [O. Fr. _dresser_, to prepare--L. _dirig[)e]re_, _directum_, to direct.]

DREST, drest, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of DRESS.

DREVILL, an old form of DRIVEL, a slave.

DREW, dr[=oo]--did draw--_pa.t._ of DRAW.

DRIB, drib, _v.t._ to cut off in small portions: to filch or steal: to lead on by degrees. [Akin to DRUB.]

DRIBBLE, drib'l, _v.i._ to fall in small drops: to drop quickly: to slaver, as a child or an idiot.--_v.t._ to let fall in drops: to give out in small portions: at football, &c., to keep the ball moving forward little by little.--_v.t._ DRIB, to dribble, drivel.--_n._ a driblet.--_ns._ DRIB'BLER; DRIB'LET, DRIB'BLET, a small drop: a small quantity. [Dim. of DRIP.]

DRICKSIE. See DROXY.

DRIER, dr[=i]'[.e]r, _n._ that which dries: a machine for extracting moisture from wet cloths, grain, &c.: a substance causing paint to dry more rapidly.

DRIFT, drift, _n._ a driving: a heap of matter driven together, as snow: the direction in which a thing is driven: a slow current in the sea caused by the wind: leeway: the object aimed at: the meaning of words used: (_geol._) detritus, such as broken rock, sand, gravel: (_mining_) a horizontal excavation or passage.--_v.t._ to drive into heaps, as snow.--_v.i._ to be floated along: to be driven into heaps.--_ns._ DRIFT'AGE, that which is drifted: the amount of deviation from a ship's course due to leeway; DRIFT'-AN'CHOR, an anchor for keeping the ship's head to the wind; DRIFT'-BOLT, a steel bolt used to drive out other bolts; DRIFT'-ICE, floating masses of ice drifting before the wind; DRIFT'LAND, an old tribute paid for the privilege of driving cattle through a manor.--_adj._ DRIFT'LESS, without drift or aim.--_ns._ DRIFT'-MIN'ING, gold-mining by means of drifts in the gravel and detritus of old river-beds; DRIFT'-NET, a net kept upright in the water by floats above and weights below; DRIFT'-SAIL, a sail immersed in the water, used for lessening the drift of a vessel during a storm; DRIFT'-WAY, a road over which cattle were driven: (_min._) drift; DRIFT'-WEED, gulf-weed: tangle; DRIFT'-WOOD, wood drifted by water.--_adj._ DRIFT'Y, full of or forming drifts. [See DRIVE.]

DRILL, dril, _v.t._ to bore, pierce: to make with a drill: to exercise soldiers, pupils, &c.--to sow seeds, &c., in rows.--_n._ an instrument for boring stone, metal, teeth, or hard substances (not wood), actuated by a kind of bow, by a brace, or otherwise: a large boring instrument used in mining: a ridge with seed or growing plants on it (turnips, potatoes, &c.): the plants in such a row: the machine for sowing the seed in drill-husbandry.--_ns._ DRILL'-BAR'ROW, a grain-drill driven by hand; DRILL'-HAR'ROW, a harrow for working between drills; DRILL'-HUS'BANDRY, the method of sowing seed in drills or rows; DRILL'ING-MACHINE', DRILL'ING-LATHE, DRILL'-PRESS, machines for boring with a drill or drills; DRILL'-MAS'TER, one who teaches drill, one who trains in anything, esp. in a mechanical manner; DRILL'-PLOUGH, a plough for sowing grain in drills; DRILL'-SER'GEANT, a sergeant who drills soldiers. [Prob. borrowed from Dut. _drillen_, to bore; _dril_, _drille_, a borer.]

DRILL, dril, _n._ a species of baboon found in Western Africa, resembling the mandrill, but smaller. [A contr. of _mandrill_.]

DRILLING, dril'ing, _n._ stout twilled linen or cotton cloth.--Also DRILL. [Ger. _drillich_, ticking--L. _trilix_, three-threaded; _tres_, three, _licium_, thread.]

DRILY, same as DRYLY. See under DRY, _adj._

DRINK, dringk, _v.t._ to swallow, as a liquid: to empty, as a glass, bowl, &c.: to take in through the senses.--_v.i._ to swallow a liquid: to take intoxicating liquors to excess:--_pr.p._ drink'ing; _pa.t._ drank; _pa.p._ drunk.--_n._ something to be drunk: intoxicating liquor.--_adj._ DRINK'ABLE.--_ns._ DRINK'ABLENESS; DRINK'ER, a tippler; DRINK'-HAIL, the customary old English reply to a pledge in drinking (_wæs hail_, 'health or good luck to you,' was answered with _drinc hail_, 'drink good health or good luck'); DRINK'ING-BOUT; DRINK'ING-FOUNT'AIN; DRINK'ING-HORN; DRINK'-MON'EY, a gratuity, ostensibly given to buy liquor for drinking to the health of the giver; DRINK'-OFF'ERING, an offering of wine, oil, blood, &c. to God or the gods.--DRINK HIMSELF DRUNK, to drink until he is drunk; DRINK IN, to absorb rain, &c., as dry land does; DRINK OFF, to quaff wholly and at a gulp; DRINK THE OTHERS UNDER THE TABLE, to continue drinking and remain (comparatively) sober after the others have completely collapsed; DRINK TO, DRINK TO THE HEALTH OF, to drink wine, &c., with good wishes for one's health; DRINK UP, to exhaust by drinking.--IN DRINK, intoxicated.--STRONG DRINK, alcoholic liquor. [A.S. _drincan_; Ger. _trinken_.]

DRIP, drip, _v.i._ to fall in drops: to let fall drops.--_v.t._ to let fall in drops:--_pr.p._ drip'ping; _pa.p._ dripped.--_n._ a falling in drops: that which falls in drops: the edge of a root.--_ns._ DRIP'PING, that which falls in drops, as fat from meat in roasting; DRIP'PING-PAN, a pan for receiving the dripping from roasting meat; DRIP'-STONE, a projecting moulding over doorways, &c., to throw off the rain.--RIGHT OF DRIP, right in law to let the drip from one's roof fall on another's land. [A.S. _dryppan_--_dréopan_.]

DRIVE, dr[=i]v, _v.t._ to force along: to hurry one on: to guide, as horses drawing a carriage: to convey or carry in a carriage: to force in, as nails with a hammer: to push briskly: to urge, as a point of argument, a bargain, &c.: to compel: to send away with force, as a ball in cricket, golf, tennis: to chase game towards sportsmen.--_v.i._ to press forward with violence: to be forced along, as a ship before the wind: to go in a carriage: to tend towards a point: to strike at with a sword, the fist, &c.:--_pr.p._ dr[=i]v'ing; _pa.t._ dr[=o]ve; _pa.p._ driv'en.--_n._ an excursion in a carriage: a road for driving on: the propelling of a ball in cricket, &c.: the chasing of game towards the shooters, or the sport so obtained, or the ground over which the game is driven: urgent pressure: pushing the sale of a special article by reduction of prices.--_ns._ DRIV'ER, one who or that which drives, in all senses: a club used in golf to propel the ball from the teeing-ground; DRIV'ING-BAND, the band or strap which communicates motion from one machine, or part of a machine, to another; DRIV'ING-SHAFT, a shaft from a driving-wheel communicating motion, to machinery; DRIV'ING-WHEEL, a main wheel that communicates motion to other wheels: one of the main wheels in a locomotive.--DRIVE FEATHERS, DOWN, to separate the lighter from the heavier by exposing them to a current of air.--DRIVE TO ONE'S WITS' END, to perplex utterly.--LET DRIVE, to aim a blow. [A.S _drífan_, to drive; Ger. _treiben_, to push.]

DRIVEL, driv'l, _v.i._ to slaver like a child: to be foolish: to speak like an idiot:--_pr.p._ driv'elling; _pa.p._ driv'elled.--_n._ slaver: nonsense.--_n._ DRIV'ELLER, a fool. [M. E. _drevelen_, _dravelen_; related to DRIBBLE.]

DRIVEL, driv'l, _n._ (_Spens._) a drudge. [Cf. Old Dut. _drevel_, a scullion.]

DRIZZLE, driz'l, _v.i._ to rain in small drops.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to shed in small drops.--_n._ a small, light rain.--_adj._ DRIZZ'LY. [Freq. of M. E. _dresen_--A.S. _dreósan_, to fall; Norw. _drjosa_, Goth. _driusan_.]

DROGER, DROGHER, dr[=o]'ger, _n._ a West Indian coasting vessel, with long masts and lateen sails.

DROGUE, dr[=o]g, _n._ the drag of boards, attached to the end of a harpoon-line, checking the progress of a running whale.

DROGUET, dr[=o]-g[=a]', _n._ a ribbed woollen dress fabric, a variety of rep. [Fr.]

DROICH, dr[=o]h, _n._ a dwarf.--_adj._ DROICH'Y, dwarfish. [Gael.]

DROIL, droil, _v.i._ to drudge. [Dut. _druilen_, to loiter.]

DROIT, drwa, _n._ right; duty. [Fr.]

DROLL, dr[=o]l, _adj._ odd: amusing: laughable.--_n._ one who excites mirth: a jester.--_v.i._ to practise drollery: to jest.--_ns._ DROLL'ERY; DROLL'ING.--_adjs._ DROLL'ISH, rather droll; DROLL'Y. [Fr., prob. from Dut. _drollig_, odd--_trold_, a hobgoblin; cf. Ger. _droll_, a short thick person.]

DROMEDARY, drum'e-dar-i, _n._ a thoroughbred one-humped Arabian camel.--_ns._ DROMED[=A]'RIAN, DROM'EDARIST. [Fr.,--Low L. _dromedarius_--Gr. _dromas_, _dromados_, running--_dramein_, 2 aor. infin. of _trechein_, to run.]

DROMOND, drom'ond, _n._ a swift medieval ship of war.--Also DROM'ON. [O. Fr.,--Late L. _dromo_--Gr. _dromon_--_dromos_, a running, _dramein_, to run.]

DROMOS, drom'os, _n._ a Greek race-course: an entrance-passage or avenue, as to a subterranean treasury, &c.--_adjs._ DROM'IC, -AL, pertaining to a race-course: basilican. [Gr.,--_dramein_, to run.]

DRONE, dr[=o]n, _n._ the male of the honey-bee: one who lives on the labour of others, like the drone-bee: a lazy, idle fellow.--_adj._ DRON'ISH, like a drone: lazy, idle.--_adv._ DRON'ISHLY.--_n._ DRON'ISHNESS.--_adv._ DRON'Y. [A.S. _drán_, the bee; Dan. _drone_.]

DRONE, dr[=o]n, _v.i._ to make a low humming sound.--_n._ the bass-pipe of a bagpipe.--_n._ DRONE'-PIPE, a pipe producing a droning sound. [M. E. _drounen_, to roar; not found in A.S. Cf. Dut. _dreunen_, Ger. _dröhnen_.]

DROOL, drool, _v.i._ to slaver--a form of DRIVEL.

DROOP, dr[=oo]p, _v.i._ to sink or hang down: to grow weak or faint: to decline.--_v.t._ to let sink.--_n._ a drooping position.--_adv._ DROOP'INGLY, in a drooping manner. [Ice. _drúpa_, to droop. See DROP.]

DROP, drop, _n._ a small particle of liquid which falls at one time: a very small quantity of liquid: anything hanging like a drop: a fall: a trap in the gallows scaffold, the fall of which allows the criminal to drop: a device for lowering goods into a ship's hold.--_v.i._ to fall in small particles: to let drops fall: to fall suddenly: to come to an end: to fall or sink lower.--_v.t._ to let fall in drops: to let fall: to let go, dismiss, break off, as an acquaintance: to utter casually: to write and send (a note) in an off-hand manner: to set down from a carriage:--_pr.p._ drop'ping; _pa.p._ dropped.--_ns._ DROP'-DRILL, an apparatus for dropping seed and manure into the soil simultaneously; DROP'-HAMM'ER, DROP'-PRESS, a swaging, stamping, or forging machine having either a regular or intermittent motion; DROP'LET, a little drop; DROP'-LETT'ER (_U.S._), a letter posted in any place merely for local delivery; DROP'-NET, a net suspended from a boom, to be suddenly dropped on a passing shoal of fish; DROP'PING, that which is dropped: (_pl._) dung, esp. of fowls.--_adj._ DROP'-RIPE, so ripe as to be ready to drop from the tree.--_ns._ DROP'-SCENE, a painted curtain suspended by pulleys, which drops in front of the stage in a theatre; DROP'-STONE, a stalactic variety of calcite.--_adv._ DROP'-WISE (_Tenn._), by drops.--_n._ DROP'-WORT, the _Spiræa Filipendula_.--DROP ASTERN (_naut._), to pass or move towards the stern; DROP AWAY, OFF, to depart, disappear; DROP DOWN, to sail, move, or row down a coast, or down a river to the sea; DROP IN, to come in casually; DROP OUT, to disappear from one's place; DROP SERENE, an old medical name for _amaurosis_, literally translated from L. _gutta serena_.--A DROPPING FIRE, a continuous irregular discharge of small-arms.--PRINCE RUPERT'S DROPS, drops of glass which have fallen in a melted state into cold water, and have assumed a tadpole-like shape, the whole falling to dust with a loud report if the point of the tail be nipped off. [A.S. _dropa_, a drop--_dreópan_, to drop; Dut. _drop_, Ger. _tropfe_.]

DROPSY, drop'si, _n._ an unnatural collection of water in any part of the body.--_adjs._ DROP'SICAL, DROP'SIED (_Shak._), affected with dropsy.--_n._ DROP'SICALNESS. [Through Fr. from L. _hydropisis_--Gr. _hydr[=o]ps_--_hyd[=o]r_, water.]

DROSERA, dros'er-a, _n._ a genus of small herbaceous plants of the order _Droseraceæ_, generally inhabiting marshy places. [Formed from Gr. _droseros_--_drosos_, dew.]

DROSHKY, drosh'ki, DROSKY, dros'ki, _n._ a low four-wheeled open carriage much used in Russia. [Russ. _drozhki_.]

DROSOMETER, dr[=o]-som'e-ter, _n._ an instrument for measuring the quantity of dew condensed on the surface of a body left in the open air. [Gr. _drosos_, dew, _metron_, measure.]

DROSS, dros, _n._ the scum which metals throw off when melting: waste matter: refuse: rust.--_n._ DROSS'INESS.--_adj._ DROSS'Y, like dross: impure: worthless. [A.S. _drós_, from _dreósan_, to fall; cf. Dut. _droesem_; Ger. _druse_.]

DROUGHT, drowt, DROUTH, drowth, _n._ dryness: want of rain or of water: thirst.--_ns._ DROUGHT'INESS, DROUTH'INESS.--_adjs._ DROUGHT'Y, DROUTH'Y, full of drought: very dry: wanting rain, thirsty. [A.S. _drúgathe_, dryness--_drúgian_, to dry.]

DROUK, DROOK, dr[=oo]k, _v.t._ to drench: (_Scot._) to duck.--_p.adjs._ DROUK'IT, DROOK'IT. [Ice. _drukna_, to be drowned; cf. Dan. _drukne_.]

DROVE, dr[=o]v, _pa.t._ of DRIVE.--_n._ a number of cattle, or other animals, driven.--_n._ DROV'ER, one whose occupation is to drive cattle: (_Spens._) a boat. [A.S. _dráf_--_drífan_, to drive.]

DROW, drow, _n._ a kind of elves supposed to belong to Shetland, inhabiting caves--also TROW, a variant of _troll_.

DROW, drow, _n._ (_Scot._) a drizzling mist.

DROWN, drown, _v.t._ to drench or sink in water: to kill by placing under water: to overpower: to extinguish.--_v.t._ to be suffocated in water. [A.S. _druncnian_, to drown--_druncen_, pa.p. of _drincan_, to drink. See DRENCH.]

DROWSE, drowz, _v.i._ to be heavy with sleep: to look heavy and dull.--_v.t._ to make heavy with sleep: to stupefy.--_n._ a half-sleeping state.--_ns._ DROWS'IHEAD, DROWS'IHED (_Spens._), drowsiness, sleepiness.--_adv._ DROWS'ILY.--_n._ DROWS'INESS.--_adj._ DROWS'Y, sleepy: heavy: dull: inducing sleep. [A.S. _drúsian_, to be sluggish; Dut. _dreósen_, to fall asleep.]

DRUB, drub, _v.t._ to beat or thrash:--_pr.p._ drub'bing; _pa.p._ drubbed.--_n._ DRUB'BING, a cudgelling. [Murray suggests Ar. _daraba_, to beat, bastinado, _darb_, a beating.]

DRUDGE, druj, _v.i._ to work hard: to do very mean work.--_n._ one who works hard: a slave: a menial servant.--_ns._ DRUDG'ER; DRUDG'ERY, DRUDG'ISM, the work of a drudge: uninteresting toil: hard or humble labour.--_adv._ DRUDG'INGLY. [Ety. unknown. Some suggest Celt., as in Ir. _drugaire_, a drudge.]

DRUG, drug, _n._ any substance used in the composition of medicine: an article that cannot be sold, generally owing to overproduction.--_v.t._ to mix or season with drugs: to dose to excess.--_v.i._ to prescribe drugs or medicines:--_pr.p._ drug'ging; _pa.p._ drugged.--_n._ DRUG'GIST, one who deals in drugs. [O. Fr. _drogue_, prob. from Dut. _droog_, dry; as if applied orig. to dried herbs.]

DRUG, drug, _n._ (_Shak._) a drudge.

DRUGGET, drug'et, _n._ a woven and felted coarse woollen fabric, chiefly used for covering carpets--hence called in some parts of Britain _crumbcloth_. [O. Fr. _droguet_, dim. of _drogue_, a drug, trash. See above.]

DRUID, dr[=oo]'id, _n._ a priest among the ancient Celts of Britain, Gaul, and Germany, who worshipped under oak-trees: a member of a benefit society (founded 1781), its lodges called _groves_:--_fem._ DRU'IDESS.--_adjs._ DRUID'IC, -AL, DRU'IDISH.--_n._ DRU'IDISM, the doctrines which the Druids taught: the ceremonies they practised. [L. pl. _druidæ_--Celt. _druid_--whence Old Ir. _drai_, Ir. and Gael. _draoi_, magician. Littré accepts the ety. from Celt. _derw_, an oak, which is from the same root as Gr. _drys_, an oak.]

DRUM, drum, _n._ an instrument of percussion, in which a skin of parchment, stretched on a frame of wood or metal, is beaten with an instrument called a drumstick: anything shaped like a drum: the tympanum or middle portion of the ear: (_archit._) the upright part of a cupola: (_mech._) a revolving cylinder: formerly a large and tumultuous evening party (said to be so called because rival hostesses vied with each other in beating up crowds of guests).--_v.i._ to beat a drum: to beat with the fingers.--_v.t._ to drum out, to expel: to summon:--_pr.p._ drum'ming; _pa.p._ drummed.--_ns._ DRUM'HEAD, the head of a drum (see COURT-MARTIAL): the top part of a capstan; DRUM'-M[=A]'JOR, the chief drummer of a regiment (now called _sergeant-drummer_); DRUM'MER, one who drums: (_U.S._) a commercial traveller; DRUM'STICK, the stick with which the drum is beat: the leg of a cooked fowl. [From a Teut. root found in Dut. _trom_, Ger. _trommel_, a drum; prob. imit.]

DRUM, drum, _n._ a small hill or ridge of hills, used in many place-names, as _Drum_glass, _Drum_sheugh, &c. [Ir. _druim_, the back.]

DRUMBLE, drum'bl, _v.i._ (_Shak._) to be sluggish.

DRUMLY, drum'li, _adj._ (_Scot._) muddy: gloomy.

DRUMMOCK, drum'ok. Same as DRAMMOCK (q.v.).

DRUMMOND-LIGHT, drum'ond-l[=i]t, _n._ the lime-light or oxy-hydrogen light invented by Captain T. _Drummond_ (1797-1840). [See LIME-LIGHT.]

DRUNK, drungk, _pa.p._ of DRINK.--_p.adj._ intoxicated: saturated.--_n._ a drunken bout: a drunk person.--_n._ DRUNK'ARD, one who frequently drinks to excess: a habitual drinker.--_p.adj._ DRUNK'EN, given to excessive drinking: worthless, besotted: resulting from intoxication.--_adv._ DRUNK'ENLY.--_n._ DRUNK'ENNESS, excessive drinking: habitual intemperance.

DRUPE, dr[=oo]p, _n._ a fleshy fruit containing a stone, as the plum, &c.--_adj._ DRUP[=A]'CEOUS, producing or pertaining to drupes or stone-fruits.--_n._ DRUP'EL, a little drupe. [L. _drupa_--Gr. _dryppa_, an over-ripe olive--_drypep[=e]s_, ripened on the tree, from _drys_, a tree, and _peptein_, to cook; cf. _drupet[=e]s_--_drys_, and _piptein_, to fall.]

DRUSE, dr[=oo]s, _n._ (_mining_) a rock cavity lined with crystals, a geode or _vug_. [Ger.]

DRUSE, dr[=oo]s, _n._ one of a remarkable people inhabiting a mountainous district in the north of Syria, with a peculiar religion interwoven from the Bible and the Koran.--_adj._ DRUS'IAN.

DRUXY, druk'si, _adj._ of timber, having decayed spots concealed by healthy wood.--Also DRICK'SIE.

DRY, dr[=i], _adj._ free from, deficient in, moisture, sap: not green: not giving milk: thirsty: uninteresting: (_obs._) hard: frigid, precise: free from sweetness and fruity flavour (of wines, &c.).--_v.t._ to free from water or moisture: to exhaust.--_v.i._ to become dry, to evaporate entirely--both used also with prep. _up_:--_pr.p._ dry'ing; _pa.p._ dried.--_n._ and _adj._ DRY'ASDUST, the pretended editor or introducer of some of Scott's novels--a synonym for a dull and pedantic though learned person.--_v.t._ DRY'-BEAT (_Shak._), to beat severely, or so as to be dry.--_ns._ DRY'-BOB, a slang name used at Eton for boys who play cricket, football, &c.--opp. to the _Wet-bob_, who makes rowing his recreation; DRY'-DOCK (see DOCK).--_adj._ DRY'-EYED, tearless.--_n._ DRY'-FOOT (_Shak._), like a dog which pursues game by the scent of its foot.--_n.pl._ DRY'-GOODS, drapery, &c., as distinguished from groceries, hardware, &c.--_n._ DRY'-LIGHT, a clear, unobstructed light: an unprejudiced view.--_advs._ DRY'LY, DR[=I]'LY.--_ns._ DRY'-MEAS'URE (see MEASURE); DRY'NESS; DRY'-NURSE, a nurse who feeds a child without milk from the breast; DRY'-PLATE, a sensitised photographic plate, with which a picture may be made without the preliminary use of a bath; DRY'-POINT, a sharp needle by which fine lines are drawn in copperplate engraving; DRY'-ROT, a decay of timber caused by fungi which reduce it to a dry, brittle mass: (_fig._) a concealed decay or degeneration.--_v.t._ DRY'-SALT, to cure meat by salting and drying.--_ns._ DRY'SALTER, a dealer in gums, dyes, drugs, &c.: (_obs._) or in salted or dry meats, pickles, &c.; DRY'SALTERY.--_adj._ DRY'-SHOD, without wetting the shoes or feet.--_n._ DRY'-STEAM, steam containing no unevaporated water.--_adj._ DRY'-STONE, built of stone without mortar, as some walls.--_n._ DRY'-STOVE, a kind of hot-house for preserving the plants of dry, warm climates.--CUT AND DRIED (see CUT).--HIGH AND DRY (see HIGH). [A.S. _dr['y]ge_; cf. Dut. _droog_, Ger. _trocken_.]

DRYAD, dr[=i]'ad, _n._ (_Greek myth._) a nymph of the woods: a forest-tree. [Gr. _dryas_, from _drys_, a tree.]

DUAL, d[=u]'al, _adj._ consisting of two.--_ns._ D[=U]'AD, a pair of objects looked at as one; D[=U]'AL-CONTROL', any joint control or jurisdiction, as of England and France in Egypt; D[=U]'ALISM (_philos._), that view which seeks to explain the world by the assumption of two radically independent and absolute elements--e.g. (1) the doctrine of the entire separation of spirit and matter, thus being opposed both to _idealism_ and to _materialism_; (2) the doctrine of two distinct principles of good and of evil, or of two distinct divine beings of these characters; D[=U]'ALIST, a believer in dualism.--_adj._ DUALIS'TIC, consisting of two: relating to dualism.--_ns._ DUAL'ITY, doubleness: state of being double; D[=U]'AL-SCHOOL, a school for both boys and girls; D[=U]'ARCHY, government by two. [L.,--_duo_, two.]

DUALIN, d[=u]-al'in, _n._ an explosive compound of sawdust, saltpetre, and nitro-glycerine.

DUAN, d[=u]'an, _n._ a division of a poem, canto. [Gael.]

DUB, dub, _v.t._ to confer knighthood, from the ceremony of striking the shoulder with the flat of a sword: to confer any name or dignity: to smooth with an adze: to rub a softening and waterproof mixture into, as leather: to dress a fly for fishing:--_pr.p._ dub'bing; _pa.p._ dubbed.--_n._ DUB'BING, the accolade: a preparation of grease for softening leather--also DUB'BIN. [Conn. with O. Fr. _a-douber_, to equip with arms; but O. Fr. _dober_ may be Teut.]

DUB, dub, _n._ (_Scot._) a pool of foul water: a puddle.

DUBIOUS, d[=u]'bi-us, _adj._ doubtful: undetermined: causing doubt: of uncertain event or issue.--_adv._ D[=U]'BIOUSLY.--_ns._ D[=U]'BIOUSNESS, DUB[=I]'ETY, DUBIOS'ITY, doubtfulness. [L. _dubius_.]

DUBITATE, d[=u]'bi-t[=a]t, _v.i._ to doubt, hesitate.--_adj._ D[=U]'BITABLE.--_ns._ D[=U]'BITANCY, DUBIT[=A]'TION.--_adj._ D[=U]'BITATIVE.--_adv._ D[=U]'BITATIVELY. [L. _dubiti[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_.]

DUCAL, d[=u]'kal, _adj._ pertaining to a duke.--_adv._ D[=U]'CALLY.

DUCAT, duk'at, _n._ a gold coin, formerly much used on the Continent, its commonest value being about 9s. 4d., though there were silver ducats in Italy worth 3s. 4d.--_n._ DUCATOON', an old silver coin in Venice and elsewhere, worth 5 to 6 shillings. [O. Fr. _ducat_--It. _ducato_--_ducatus_, a duchy. The name was applied to an Apulian silver coin of 1140. The first gold ducat struck at Venice in 1284 bore the legend--'Sit tibi Christe datus quem tu regis iste _Ducatus_' ('Be this duchy, which thou rulest, dedicated to thee, O Christ'), which may have helped to spread the name, though it did not originate it.]

DUCHY, duch'i, _n._ the territory of a duke, a dukedom.--_ns._ DUCH'ESS, the consort or widow of a duke; DUCH'Y-COURT, the court of a duchy, esp. that of the duchy of Lancaster.

DUCK, duk, _n._ a kind of coarse cloth for small sails, sacking, &c. [Dut. _doeck_, linen cloth; Ger. _tuch_.]

DUCK, duk, _v.t._ to dip for a moment in water.--_v.i._ to dip or dive: to lower the head suddenly: to cringe, yield.--_n._ a quick plunge, dip: a quick lowering of the head or body, a jerky bow.--_ns._ DUCK'ER, one who ducks: a diving-bird; DUCK'ING; DUCK'ING-POND; DUCK'ING-STOOL, a stool or chair in which scolds were formerly tied and ducked in the water as a punishment. [A.S. _dúcan_, to duck, dive; Ger. _tauchen_, Dut. _duiken_.]

DUCK, duk, _n._ name given to any member of the family _Anatidæ_, the prominent marks of which are short webbed feet, with a small hind-toe not reaching the ground, the netted scales in front of the lower leg, and the long bill: the female duck as distinguished from the male _drake_: in cricket (originally _duck's egg_), the zero (0), which records in a scoring-sheet that a player has made no runs: (_coll._) a darling, sweetheart: a financial defaulter--esp. LAME DUCK: also of things.--_ns._ DUCK'-ANT, a Jamaican termite nesting in trees; DUCK'-BILL, an aquatic burrowing and egg-laying Australian mammal, about 18 inches long, with soft fur, broadly webbed feet, and depressed duck-like bill--also called _Duck-mole_, _Platypus_, and _Ornithorhynchus_.--_adj._ DUCK'-BILLED, having a bill like a duck.--_n._ DUCK'-HAWK, the moor-buzzard or marsh-harrier: the peregrine falcon of the United States.--_adj._ DUCK'-LEGGED, short-legged.--_ns._ DUCK'LING, a young duck; DUCK'S'-FOOT, the lady's mantle; DUCK'-WEED, a name for several species of _Lemna_ and _Wolffia_ growing in ditches; BOMBAY DUCK, bummals; WILD'-DUCK, the mallard.--BREAK ONE'S DUCK (_cricket_), to make one's first run (see above); MAKE, PLAY, DUCKS AND DRAKES, to use recklessly: squander, waste (with _with_, _of_)--from the skipping of a flat stone across the surface of water. [A.S. _duce_, a duck, from, _dúcan_, to duck, dive.]

DUCT, dukt, _n._ a tube conveying fluids in animal bodies or plants. [L. _ductus_--_duc[)e]re_, to lead.]

DUCTILE, duk'til, _adj._ easily led: yielding: capable of being drawn out into threads.--_ns._ DUCTILIM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the ductility of metals; DUCTIL'ITY, capacity of being drawn out without breaking. [Fr.,--L. _ductilis_--_duc[)e]re_, to lead.]

DUD, dud, _n._ (_coll._) in _pl._ poor or ragged clothes, tatters.--_n._ DUD'DERY, a shop where old clothes are sold, rags collectively.--_adj._ DUD'DY, ragged. [There is a M. E. _dudd_, birrus, a cloak, which may be Celt.]

DUDDER, dud'er, _n._ (_prov._) confusion.

DUDE, d[=u]d, _n._ (_slang_) a fop or dandy, esp. remarkable for the exquisite make and quality of his clothes.--_adj._ D[=U]'DISH.--_n._ D[=U]'DISM. [Hardly from _dud_.]

DUDEEN, d[=u]-d[=e]n', _n._ a short clay tobacco-pipe.

DUDGEON, duj'un, _n._ resentment: grudge. [There is an Anglo-Fr. _digeon_, wood hafts of knives, &c., but a connection cannot be stated. Skeat suggests dubiously W. _dygen_, malice, _dychan_, a jeer.]

DUDGEON, duj'un, _n._ the haft of a dagger: a small dagger. [See above.]

DUE, d[=u], _adj._ owed: that ought to be paid or done to another: proper: appointed, under engagement to be ready, arrive, &c.--_adv._ exactly: directly.--_n._ that which is owed: what one has a right to: perquisite: fee or tribute.--_adj._ DUE'FUL (_Spens._), proper, fit.--GIVE THE DEVIL HIS DUE, to give a fair hearing or fair-play to one of notorious character. [O. Fr. _deu_, pa.p. of _devoir_--L. _deb[=e]re_, to owe.]

DUE, d[=u], _v.t._ (_Shak._) to endue.

DUEL, d[=u]'el, _n._ a combat between two persons, prearranged, and fought under fixed conditions, generally on an affair of honour--happily harmless in France: any fight or struggle between two parties: single combat to decide a quarrel.--_v.i._ to fight in a duel:--_pr.p._ d[=u]'elling; _pa.p._ d[=u]'elled.--_ns._ D[=U]'ELLER, D[=U]'ELLIST; D[=U]'ELLING, fighting in a duel: the practice of fighting in single combat; DUELL'O, a duel: the laws which regulate duelling.--_adj._ D[=U]'ELSOME, given to duelling. [It. _duello_--L. _duellum_, the original form of _bellum_--_duo_, two.]

DUENNA, d[=u]-en'a, _n._ an old lady who acts the part of governess in Spain: an old lady who acts as guardian to a younger. [Sp. _dueña_, a form of _doña_, mistress--L. _domina_, fem. of _dominus_, lord.]

DUET, d[=u]-et', DUETTO, d[=u]-et'o, _n._ a composition in music for two voices, instruments, or instrumentalists.--_ns._ DUETTI'NO, a simple duet; DUET'TIST. [It. _duetto_, _due_, two--L. _duo_, two.]

DUFF, duf, _n._ dough: a stiff flour pudding boiled in a bag; decaying vegetable matter, fallen leaves: coaldust. [From _dough_.]

DUFF, duf, _v.t._ to manipulate an article so as to make it look like new: to alter the brands on stolen cattle.

DUFFEL, duf'l, _n._ a thick, coarse woollen cloth, with a thick nap--also DUFF'LE: (_U.S._) change of flannels. [Dut., from _Duffel_, a town near Antwerp.]

DUFFER, duf'[.e]r, _n._ a dull plodding person: a fogy, useless old fellow: a counterfeit coin: a claim or mine which proves unproductive.--_ns._ DUFF'ERDOM, DUFF'ERISM.

DUFFER, duf'[.e]r, _n._ a peddler of dubious goods, sham jewellery, &c.: one who fakes up sham articles, or duffs cattle.

DUG, dug, _n._ the nipple of the pap, esp. applied to that of a cow or other beast. [Cf. Sw. _dægga_, Dan. _dægge_, to suckle a child. See DAIRY.]

DUG, dug, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of DIG.--_n._ DUG'OUT, a boat made by hollowing out the trunk of a tree.

DUGONG, d[=u]-gong', _n._ a kind of herb-eating whale, from 8 to 20 feet long, found in Indian seas--the supposed original of the mermaid. [Malayan _d[=u]yong_.]

DUIKER, DUYKER, d[=i]'k[.e]r, _n._ a small South African antelope. [Dut.]

DUKE, d[=u]k, _n._ the highest order of nobility next below that of _prince_: (_B._) a chieftain: on the Continent, a sovereign prince.--_ns._ DUKE'DOM, the title, rank, or territories of a duke; DUKE'LING, a petty duke; DUK'ERY, a duke's territory or seat; DUKE'SHIP.--THE DUKERIES, a group of ducal seats in Nottinghamshire. [O. Fr. _duc_--L. _dux_, _ducis_, a leader--_duc[)e]re_, to lead.]

DULCAMARA, dul-ka-m[=a]'ra, _n._ a name for the Bittersweet (q.v.). [Formed from L. _dulcis_, sweet, _amara_, bitter.]

DULCET, duls'et, _adj._ sweet to the taste, or to the ear: melodious, harmonious.--_n._ DULCIFIC[=A]'TION.--_adj._ DULCIF'LUOUS, flowing sweetly.--_v.t._ DUL'CIFY, to make sweet.--_ns._ DULCIL'OQUY, a soft manner of speaking; DUL'CITE, DUL'CITOL, DUL'COSE, a saccharine substance derived from various plants--in its crude form, _Madagascar manna_; DUL'CITUDE, sweetness.--DULCIFIED SPIRIT, a compound of alcohol with mineral acid. [O. Fr. _doucet_, dim. of _dols_ (Fr. _doux_)--L. _dulcis_, sweet.]

DULCIMER, dul'si-m[.e]r, _n._ a musical instrument resembling a flat box, with sounding-board and bridges, across which run wires tuned by pegs at the sides, and played on by striking the wires with a small piece of wood in each hand, or more usually with two cork-headed hammers: a Jewish musical instrument, according to Gesenius, a double pipe with a bag. [Sp. _dulcemele_--L. _dulce melos_, a sweet song--_dulcis_, sweet; _melos_ = Gr. _melos_, a song.]

DULCINEA, dul-sin'[=e]-a, or dul-sin-[=e]'a, _n._ sweetheart. [From _Dulcinea_ del Toboso, the name given by Don Quixote to the mistress of his imagination.]

DULE, dool, _n._ (_Scot._) woe.--_n._ DULE'-TREE, the gallows. [See DOLE.]

DULIA, d[=u]-l[=i]'a, _n._ (_R.C. Church_) that inferior veneration due to saints and angels.--_n._ DULOC'RACY, government by slaves. [Gr. _douleia_--_doulos_, a slave.]

DULL, dul, _adj._ slow of hearing, of learning, or of understanding: insensible: without life or spirit: slow of motion: drowsy: sleepy: sad: downcast: cheerless: not bright or clear: cloudy: dim, obscure: obtuse: blunt.--_v.t._ to make dull or stupid: to blunt: to damp: to cloud.--_v.i._ to become dull.--_n._ DULL'ARD, a dull and stupid person: a dunce.--_adjs._ DULL'-BRAINED (_Shak._), of dull brain or intellect: stupid; DULL'-BROWED, of gloomy brow or look; DULL'-EYED (_Shak._), having eyes dull or wanting expression; DULL'ISH, somewhat dull: wearisome.--_ns._ DULL'NESS, DUL'NESS, the stale or quality of being dull.--_adjs._ DULL'-SIGHT'ED; DULL'-WIT'TED; DULL'Y, somewhat dull.--_adv._ DULL'Y. [A.S. _dol_--_dwelan_, to err; Dut. _dol_, Ger. _toll_, mad.]

DULSE, duls, _n._ an edible seaweed, with red, deeply-divided fronds, eaten in Ireland and elsewhere. [Gael, _duileasg_--_duille_, a leaf, _uisge_, water.]

DULY, d[=u]'li, _adv._ properly: fitly: at the proper time. [See DUE.]

DUMB, dum, _adj._ without the power of speech: silent: soundless.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to render dumb.--_n.pl._ DUMB'-BELLS, double-headed weights swung in the hands for the purpose of developing the arms, muscles of the chest, &c.--_n._ DUMB'-CANE, a plant of the order _Araceæ_, aberrant in its almost arborescent character, but agreeing with them in its acridity, which is in none of them more highly developed.--_adv._ DUMB'LY, in silence: mutely.--_ns._ DUMB'NESS; DUMB'-SHOW, gesture without words: pantomime; DUMB'-WAIT'ER, a movable platform used for conveying food, dishes, &c. at meals: a stand with revolving top for holding dessert, &c.--_vs.t._ DUMFOUND', -ER, to strike dumb: to confuse greatly: to astonish.--_ns._ DUM'MERER, a dumb person, esp. a rogue who feigns dumbness; DUM'MINESS; DUM'MY, one who is dumb: a mere tool of another, man of straw: a sham package in a shop: the fourth or exposed band when three persons play at whist.--STRIKE DUMB, to silence with astonishment. [A.S. _dumb_; Ger. _dumm_, stupid, Dut. _dom_.]

DUMBLEDORE, dum'bl-d[=o]r, _n._ (_prov._) the bumble-bee: the brown cockchafer.

DUM-DUM, dum'-dum, _n._ a soft-nosed expanding bullet, first made at _Dum Dum_ in British India.

DUMOSE, d[=u]'m[=o]s, _adj._ thorny--also D[=U]'MOUS.--_n._ DUMOS'ITY. [L. _dumus_, a thorn-bush.]

DUMP, dump, _v.t._ to throw down: to unload.--_n._ a thud: a place for the discharge of loads, or for rubbish: (_pl._) money (_slang_). [Cf. Dan. _dumpe_, Norw. _dumpa_, to fall plump.]

DUMP, dump, _n._ dullness or gloominess of mind, ill-humour, low spirits--now only used in the _pl._: (_Shak._) a melancholy strain, any tune.--_adj._ DUMP'ISH, depressed in spirits.--_adv._ DUMP'ISHLY.--_n._ DUMP'ISHNESS. [Prob. related to Old Dut. _domp_, mist; or Ger. _dumpf_, gloomy.]

DUMP, dump, _n._ a deep hole in a river-bed, a pool. [Prob. Norse _dump_, a pit.]

DUMPLING, dump'ling, _n._ a kind of thick pudding or mass of paste. [Dim. of _dump_, in _dumpy_.]

DUMPY, dump'i, _adj._ short and thick.--_n._ a dumpy person or animal, esp. one of a breed of very short-legged fowls.--_n._ DUMPI'NESS.--_v.t._ DUM'PLE, to make or cook, as a dumpling: to bend into a dumpy shape.--_n._ DUMP'Y-LEV'EL, a spirit-level used in surveying, having a short telescope with a large aperture. [From a provincial form _dump_, a clumsy piece.]

DUN, dun, _adj._ of a dark colour, partly brown and black: dark.--_v.t._ (_U.S._) to cure and brown, as cod.--_v.i._ to become dun-coloured.--_ns._ DUN'-BIRD, the pochard; DUN'-COW, the shagreen ray; DUN'-D[=I]V'ER, the merganser; DUN'-FISH, codfish cured by dunning.--_adj._ DUN'NISH, somewhat dun. [A.S. _dun_, most prob. Celt.; W. _dwn_, dusky, Gael. _donn_, brown.]

DUN, dun, _v.t._ to demand a debt with din or noise: to urge for payment:--_pr.p._ dun'ning; _pa.p._ dunned.--_n._ one who duns: a demand for payment. [Allied to DIN.]

DUN, dun, _n._ a hill: a fortified mound. [A.S. _dún_--Celt.; in many place-names, as _Dun_bar, _Don_caster.]

DUNCE, duns, _n._ one slow at learning: a stupid person.--_ns._ DUNCE'DOM, the class of dunces; DUN'CERY, stupidity; DUN'CIAD, the epic of dunces, the world of dunces--name of a famous poem by Pope.--_adjs._ DUN'CISH, DUNCE'-LIKE. [_Duns_ Scotus (died 1308), the Subtle Doctor, leader of the schoolmen, from him called _Dunses_, who opposed classical studies on the revival of learning--hence any opposer of learning, a blockhead.]

DUNCH, dunsh, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to push with the elbow: to gore with the horns, as a bull. [Hardly related to Sw. _dunka_, to beat; Dan. _dunke_, a thump.]

DUNDER, dun'd[.e]r, _n._ lees, dregs.

DUNDERFUNK, dun'd[.e]r-fungk, _n._ ship-biscuit, soaked in water, mixed with fat and molasses, and baked in a pan.--Also DAN'DYFUNK.

DUNDERHEAD, dun'd[.e]r-hed, _n._ a stupid person--also DUN'DERPATE.--_adj._ DUN'DERHEADED.--_n._ DUN'DER-HEADISM.

DUNDREARY, dun-dr[=e]r'i, _adj._ like Lord _Dundreary_--in Sothern's creation of the part, a lisping and brainless dandy, wearing long side-whiskers.

DUNE, d[=u]n, _n._ a low hill of sand on the seashore. [An earlier form of _down_, a hill.]

DUNG, dung, _n._ the excrement of animals: refuse litter mixed with excrement.--_v.t._ to manure with dung.--_v.i._ to void excrement.--_ns._ DUNG'-BEE'TLE, the dor-beetle: (_pl._) the scarabæoid beetles generally; DUNG'-FORK, a fork used for moving stable manure; DUNG'HILL, a heap of dung: any mean situation; DUNG'MERE, a manure-pit.--_adj._ DUNG'Y. [A.S. _dung_; cf. Dan. _dynge_, a heap; Ger. _dung_.]

DUNGAREE, dung'ga-ri, _n._ a coarse Indian calico: (_pl._) trousers of such.--Also DUNG'EREE. [Hindi.]

DUNGEON, dun'jun, _n._ (_orig._) the principal tower of a castle: a close, dark prison: a cell under ground.--_v.t._ to confine in a dungeon.--_n._ DUN'GEONER, a gaoler. [O. Fr. _donjon_--Low L. _domnion-em_--L. _dominus_, a lord.]

DUNKER, dungk'[.e]r, _n._ a member of a sect of German-American Baptists who practise triple immersion.--Also TUNK'ER. [Ger.]

DUNLIN, dun'lin, _n._ the red-backed sandpiper. [A dim. of _dun_.]

DUNLOP, dun-lop', _n._ a rich cheese made of unskimmed milk--from _Dunlop_ in Ayrshire.

DUNNAGE, dun'[=a]j, _n._ on shipboard, a name applied to loose wood of any kind laid in the bottom of the hold to keep the cargo out of the bilge-water, or wedged between parts of the cargo to keep them steady. [Ety. unknown.]

DUNNIEWASSAL, DUNIWASSAL, dun-i-was'al, _n._ (_Scot._) a gentleman of inferior rank. [Gael. _duin' uasal_--_duine_, a man, _uasal_, gentle.]

DUNNING, dun'ing, _n._ the process of browning and curing cod-fish.

DUNNOCK, dun'ok, _n._ the hedge-sparrow.

DUNNY, dun'i, _adj._ (_prov._) deaf.

DUNSTABLE, dun'stä-bl, _n._ a hat, bonnet, &c. of plaited straw, first made at _Dunstable_ in Bedfordshire.--DUNSTABLE ROAD, HIGHWAY, anything plain and direct.

DUNT, dunt, _n._ (_Scot._) a blow or stroke, the wound made by such.--_v.t._ to strike, beat. [See DINT.]

DUNT, dunt, _n._ (_prov._) the gid or sturdy in sheep, &c.

DUO, d[=u]'o, _n._ a song in two parts. [L. _duo_, two.]

DUODECAHEDRON, d[=u]-o-dek-a-h[=e]'dron, _n._ Same as DODECAHEDRON.

DUODECENNIAL, d[=u]-o-de-sen'i-al, _adj._ occurring every twelve years. [L. _duodecim_, twelve, _annus_, year.]

DUODECIMAL, d[=u]-o-des'i-mal, _adj._ computed by twelves: twelfth: (_pl._) a method of calculating the area of a rectangle when the length and breadth are stated in feet and inches.--_adjs._ DUODECIM'FID, divided into twelve parts; DUODEC'IMO, formed of sheets folded so as to make twelve leaves.--_n._ a book of such sheets--usually written 12mo.--DUODECIMAL SCALE, the name given to the division of unity into twelve equal parts. [L. _duodecim_, twelve--_duo_, two, and _decem_, ten.]

DUODECUPLE, d[=u]-o-dek'[=u]-pl, _adj._ twelvefold: consisting of twelve. [L. _duodecim_, _plic[=a]re_, to fold.]

DUODENARY, d[=u]-[=o]-den'a-ri, _adj._ relating to twelve, twelvefold.

DUODENUM, d[=u]-o-d[=e]'num, _n._ the first portion of the small intestines, so called because about twelve fingers'-breadth in length:--_pl._ DUOD[=E]'NA.--_adj._ DUOD[=E]'NAL. [Formed from L. _duodeni_, twelve each.]

DUOLITERAL, d[=u]-[=o]-lit'er-al, _adj._ consisting of two letters.

DUOLOGUE, d[=u]'[=o]-log, _n._ a piece spoken between two.

DUOMO, d[=u]-[=o]'mo, _n._ a cathedral. [It. See DOME.]

DUP, dup, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to undo a door. [From _do_ and _up_. Cf. _don_ and _doff_.]

DUPE, d[=u]p, _n._ one easily cheated: one who is deceived or misled.--_v.t._ to deceive: to trick.--_n._ DUPABIL'ITY.--_adj._ D[=U]'PABLE.--_n._ D[=U]'PERY, the art of deceiving others. [Fr. _dupe_; of uncertain origin.]

DUPION, d[=u]'pi-on, _n._ a cocoon spun by two silkworms together, also the silk of such.--Also DOU'PION. [Fr.]

DUPLEX, d[=u]'pleks, _adj._ twofold: double.--_adjs._ D[=U]'PLE, double: twofold; D[=U]'PLICATE, double: twofold.--_n._ another thing of the same kind: a copy or transcript.--_v.t._ to double: to fold.--_n._ DUPLIC[=A]'TION.--_adj._ D[=U]'PLICATIVE.--_ns._ D[=U]'PLICATURE, a doubling: anything doubled: the fold of a membrane; DUPLIC'ITY, doubleness: insincerity of heart or speech: deceit; D[=U]'PLY, a second reply in Scots law.--THE DUPLICATION OF THE CUBE was a problem eagerly discussed by the early Greek geometers. [L. _duplic[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_duplex_--_duo_, two, _plic[=a]re_, to fold.]

DURA. See DURRA.

DURABLE, d[=u]r'a-bl, _adj._ able to last or endure: hardy: permanent.--_ns._ DUR'ABLENESS, DURABIL'ITY, quality of being durable: power of resisting decay.--_adv._ DUR'ABLY.--_ns._ DUR'ANCE, continuance: imprisonment: duress; DUR'ANT, a strong cloth in imitation of buff-leather; DUR[=A]'TION, continuance in time: time indefinitely: power of continuance. [Fr.,--L. _durabilis_--_dur[=a]re_, to last.]

DURA MATER, d[=u]'ra m[=a]'t[.e]r, _n._ the exterior membrane of the brain and spinal column distinguished from the other two, the arachnoid and the pia mater.

DURAMEN, d[=u]-r[=a]'m[.e]n, _n._ the inner and fully ripened wood of dicotyledonous trees. [L.,--_durus_, hard.]

DURBAR, dur'bar, _n._ an audience-chamber: a reception or levee, esp. a reception of native princes held by the Viceroy of India: the body of officials at a native court. [Pers. _dar-bár_, a prince's court, lit. a '_door_ of _admittance_.']

DURDUM. Same as DIRDUM.

DURE, d[=u]r, _v.i._ (_obs._) to endure, last, or continue.--_adj._ DURE'FUL (_Spens._), enduring, lasting. [Fr. _durer_--L. _dur[=a]re_--_durus_, hard.]

DURESS, d[=u]r'es, or d[=u]r-es', _n._ constraint: imprisonment: constraint illegally exercised to force a person to perform some act. [O. Fr. _duresse_--L. _duritia_--_durus_, hard.]

DURGA, d[=oo]r'ga, the wife of Siva (q.v.).

DURGAN, dur'gan, _n._ a dwarf, any undersized creature.--_adj._ DUR'GY. [Related to _dwarf_.]

DURHAM, dur'am, _n._ one of a particular breed of shorthorned cattle--from the English county.

DURIAN, d[=u]'ri-an, _n._ a lofty Indian and Malayan fruit-tree (genus _Durio_), with leaves resembling those of the cherry, and large bunches of pale-yellow flowers.--Also D[=U]'RION. [Malay _duryon_.]

DURING, d[=u]'ring, _prep._ for the time a thing lasts: in the course of. [Orig. pr.p. of obs. _dure_, to last.]

DURMAST, dur'mast, _n._ a sub-species or variety of oak.

DURN, durn, _n._ (_prov._) a door-post.--Also DERN.

DUROY, d[=u]-roi', _n._ an obsolete form of _corduroy_.

DURRA, dur'ra, _n._ a genus of grasses closely allied to sugar-cane and beard-grass--also called _Durra millet_ and _Indian millet_ or _Sorgho grass_. Much cultivated in Asia, Africa, and the south of Europe.--Also DOUR'A, DHUR'RA, and DUR'A. [Ar.]

DURST, durst, _pa.t._ of DARE, to venture. [A.S. _dorste_, pa.t. of _dear_, to dare.]

DUSH, dush, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to throw down.

DUSK, dusk, _adj._ darkish: of a dark colour.--_n._ twilight: partial darkness: darkness of the colour.--_v.t._ to occasion a dusky appearance.--_v.i._ DUSK'EN, to grow dark.--_adv._ DUSK'ILY.--_n._ DUSK'INESS.--_adj._ DUSK'ISH, rather dusky: slightly dark or black.--_adv._ DUSK'ISHLY.--_n._ DUSK'ISHNESS.--_adv._ DUSK'LY.--_n._ DUSK'NESS.--_adj._ DUSK'Y, partially dark or obscure: dark-coloured: sad: gloomy. [A.S. _dox_, _dosc_, dark--further history of word obscure.]

DUST, dust, _n._ fine particles of matter: a cloud of powdery matter present in the atmosphere: powder: earth: the grave, where the body becomes dust: a mean condition: gold-dust--hence money.--_v.t._ to free from dust: to sprinkle with dust.--_ns._ DUST'-BALL, a disease of horses, in which grain-dust forms a ball in the intestine; DUST'-BIN, a bucket, box, &c. for holding dust and rubbish; DUST'-BRAND, smut (q.v.); DUST'-BRUSH, a light brush for removing dust from walls, &c.; DUST'-CART, a cart for conveying dust and rubbish from the streets; DUST'-CONTRACT'OR, one who has made a contract to remove dust, &c., as from yards; DUST'ER, one who dusts: a cloth or brush used for removing dust; DUST'-HOLE, a dust-bin; DUST'INESS; DUST'MAN, a scavenger; DUST'-PAN, a pan or shovel for removing dust swept from the floor.--_adj._ DUST'Y, covered or sprinkled with dust: like dust.--_ns._ DUST'Y-FOOT (see PIE-POWDER); DUST'Y-MILL'ER, the auricula, from the white dust upon its leaves.--DUST A PERSON'S JACKET, to give him a drubbing.--BITE THE DUST (see BITE); DOWN WITH THE DUST, pay down the money, originally with reference to gold-_dust_; KICK UP A DUST, to make a stir or uproar; RAISE A DUST, to create a disturbance; THROW DUST IN A PERSON'S EYES, to delude or deceive a person. [A.S. _dúst_; cf. Ger. _dunst_, vapour, Dut. _duist_, meal-dust.]

DUTCH, duch, _adj._ belonging to Holland or its people--in old writers rather applied to the Germans: heavy, clumsy, as in _Dutch-built_, _-buttocked_, &c.--_n._ DUTCH'MAN, a native of Holland.--DUTCH AUCTION, COURAGE, TILES (see AUCTION, COURAGE, TILE); DUTCH CARPET, a mixed material of cotton and wool for floor coverings; DUTCH CHEESE, a small round cheese made on the Continent from skim-milk; DUTCH CLINKERS, a hard brick for paving stables, &c.; DUTCH CLOVER, white clover; DUTCH CONCERT, a concert in which singers sing their various songs simultaneously, or each one sings a verse of any song he likes between bursts of some familiar chorus; DUTCH DROPS, a balsam, or popular nostrum, of oil of turpentine, tincture of guaiacum, &c.; DUTCH LIQUID, an oily substance obtained by mixing chlorine and olefiant gases--not miscible with water, readily dissolving in ether and alcohol, producing anæsthesia; DUTCH METAL, sometimes called _Dutch gold_ or _Dutch leaf_, is an alloy of copper and zinc; DUTCH OVEN (see OVEN); DUTCH PINK (see PINK); DUTCH RUSH, the scouring-rush; DUTCH WIFE, an open frame of rattan or cane used in the Dutch Indies, to rest the limbs upon in bed.--TALK LIKE A DUTCH UNCLE, to rebuke with kindness. [Ger. _deutsch_, (lit.) belonging to the people--Old High Ger. _diutisk_, of which _-isk_ = the Eng. suffix _-ish_, and _diut_ = A.S. _theod_, Goth. _thiuda_, a nation. See TEUTONIC.]

DUTY, d[=u]'ti, _n._ that which is due: what one is bound by any obligation to do: obedience: military service: respect or regard: one's proper business: tax on goods.--_adj._ D[=U]'TEOUS, devoted to duty: obedient.--_adv._ D[=U]'TEOUSLY.--_n._ D[=U]'TEOUSNESS.--_adjs._ D[=U]'TIABLE, subject to custom duty; D[=U]'TIED, subjected to duties and customs; D[=U]'TIFUL, attentive to duty: respectful: expressive of a sense of duty.--_adv._ D[=U]'TIFULLY.--_n._ D[=U]'TIFULNESS.--_adj._ D[=U]'TY-FREE, free from tax or duty. [Formed from Anglo-Fr. _deu_ or _due_ (mod. Fr. _dú_) and suffix _-ty_. See DUE (1).]

DUUMVIRATE, d[=u]-um'vi-r[=a]t, _n._ the union of two men in the same office: a form of government in ancient Rome.--_n._ D[=U]UM'VIR, one of two associated in the same office.--_adj._ D[=U]UM'VIRAL. [L. _duo_, two, and _vir_, a man.]

DUVET, dü-v[=a]', _n._ a quilt stuffed with eider-down or swan's-down. [Fr.]

DUX, duks, _n._ a leader: the head boy in a school or class. [L., a leader.]