Chapter III: Part 3

AFTER, aft'[.e]r, _prep._ and _adv._ behind in place: later in time: following in search of: in imitation of: in proportion to, or in agreement with: concerning: subsequent to, or subsequently: afterward: after the manner of, or in imitation of.--_adj._ behind in place: later in time: more toward the stern of a vessel. [A.S. _æfter_, comp. of _af_, or _of_, the primary meaning being 'more off,' 'farther away;' _-ter_ as a comparative affix is seen in L. _al-ter_, Eng. _o-ther_. See OF.]

AFTERBIRTH, aft'[.e]r-b[.e]rth, _n._ the placenta and membranes which are expelled from the uterus of the mother after the birth.

AFTERCLAP, aft'[.e]r-klap, _n._ an unexpected event happening after an affair is supposed to be at an end.

AFTERCROP, aft'[.e]r-krop, _n._ a second crop in the same year.

AFTER-DAMP, aft'[.e]r-damp, _n._ choke-damp, arising in coal-mines after an explosion of fire-damp.

AFTEREYE, aft-[.e]r-[=i]', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to look after.

AFTERGAME, aft'[.e]r-g[=a]m, _n._ a second game played to reverse the issue of the first, hence the means employed after the first turn of affairs.

AFTERGLOW, aft'[.e]r-gl[=o], _n._ the glow often seen in the sky after sunset.

AFTERGUARD, aft'[.e]r-gärd, _n._ the men on the quarter-deck and poop who work the after sails, not needing to go aloft: a drudge or person in a mean capacity.

AFTER-HANDS, af'ter-handz, _n.pl._ (_Tenn._) future labourers.

AFTER-IMAGE, aft'[.e]r-im'[=a]j, _n._ the image that remains for a brief period after the eye has been withdrawn from the object.

AFTERINGS, aft'[.e]r-ingz, _n._ the last milk drawn in milking.

AFTERMATH, aft'[.e]r-math, _n._ a second mowing of grass in the same season. [See MOW, MEADOW.]

AFTERMOST, aft'[.e]r-m[=o]st, _adj._ hindmost. [A.S. _æftemest_; Goth. _af-tuma_, _-tuma_, being equiv. to L. _-tumus_ in _op-tumus_, best. Goth. has also _af-tum-ists_ = A.S. _æf-tem-est_, which is thus a double superlative.--Thus in aftermost, _r_ is intrusive and _-most_ is not the adv. _most_.]

AFTERNOON, aft'[.e]r-n[=oo]n, _n._ the time between noon and evening.--_n._ AFT'ER-MORN (_Tenn._), the morrow.

AFTERPAINS, aft'[.e]r-p[=a]nz, _n._ the pains which succeed childbirth and the expulsion of the afterbirth.

AFTERPIECE, aft'[.e]r-p[=e]s, _n._ a farce or other minor piece performed after a play.

AFTERSUPPER, aft'[.e]r-sup-p[.e]r, _n._ the time between supper and bedtime.

AFTERTHOUGHT, aft'[.e]r-thawt, _n._ thought or reflection after an action: a later thought.

AFTERWARD, aft'[.e]r-ward, AFTERWARDS, aft'[.e]r-wardz, _adv._ in after-time: later: subsequently. [A.S. _æftenweard_.]

AGA, AGHA, [=a]'ga, _n._ a Turkish commander or chief officer. [Turk. _agh[=a]_, Pers. _ak_, _aka_, a lord.]

AGAIN, a-gen', _adv._ once more: in return: back. [A.S. _on-geán_, again, opposite; Ger. _ent-gegen_.]

AGAINST, a-genst', also a-g[=a]nst', _prep._ opposite to: in opposition to: in contact or collision with: in provision for: in exchange for, instead of: (_B._ and _Shak._) by the time that, elliptically for 'against (the time) at which' or 'that I come.' [Formed from _again_, with genitive ending _-es_, as _whilst_ from _while_--the _-t_ being a later addition, as in _amongs-t_, _amids-t_, &c.]

AGAMI, ag'a-mi, _n._ the golden-breasted trumpeter, a grallatorial bird of South America. [Native name.]

AGAMOGENESIS, a-gam-o-jen'e-sis, _n._ reproduction without sex, found among lower animals and in plants. [Gr. _a_, priv., _gamos_, marriage, _genesis_, reproduction.]

AGAMOUS, ag'a-mus, _adj._ (_bot._) having no visible flowers or organs of fructification. [Gr. _agamos_--_a_, neg., and _gamos_, marriage.]

AGAPE, ag'a-p[=e], _n._ a love-feast, held by the early Christians at communion time, when contributions were made for the poor:--_pl._ AG'APÆ.--_n._ AGAPEM'ON[=E] (Gr., 'love abode'), a community of religious visionaries with unedifying ideas about the sexual relations, founded in 1859 at Charlinch, near Bridgwater, by one H. J. Prince, formerly an Anglican clergyman. [Gr. _agap[=e]_, love.]

AGAPE, a-g[=a]p', _adj._ or _adv._ gaping from wonder, expectation, or attention. [Lit., 'on gape.']

AGARIC, ag'ar-ik, _n._ a family of fungi, including the mushroom. [Gr. _agarikon_.]

AGASTRIC, a-gas'trik, _adj._ having no stomach. [Gr. _a_, neg., and _gast[=e]r_, stomach.]

AGATE, ag'[=a]t, _n._ a precious stone composed of layers of quartz, of different tints.--_adj._ AGATIF'EROUS. [Gr. _achat[=e]s_, said to be so called because first found near the river _Achates_ in Sicily.]

AGATE, a-g[=a]t', _adv._ agoing, on the way. [Prep. _a_, and GATE; a northern word.]

AGAVE, a-g[=a]'ve, _n._ a genus of herbaceous plants, natives of the warmer parts of America, which in Mexico usually flower about the seventh or eighth year, the stem rising to a height of forty feet. It is called also the American Aloe and Century Plant, receiving the latter name from the number of years (40-60, popularly a hundred) it takes to flower in our hot-houses.

AGAZED, a-g[=a]zd', _adj._ (_Shak._) struck with amazement. [Prob. a variant of AGHAST.]

AGE, [=a]j, _n._ the ordinary length of human life: the time during which a person or thing has lived or existed: mature years: legal maturity (at 21 years), or time of life with regard to crime, contracts, marriage, &c.: a period of time: any great period of human history, as the Golden Age, the Bronze Age, the Middle Ages, or of individual history, as the age of infancy, the five--or seven--so-called ages of man: a generation of men: a century.--_v.i._ to grow old:--_pr.p._ [=a]g'ing; _pa.p._ [=a]g'ed.--_adj._ AGED ([=a]j'ed), advanced in age: having a certain age.--_n.pl._ old people.--_n._ AGEDNESS ([=a]j'ed-nes), condition of being aged or old.--_adjs._ AGE'LESS; AGE'LONG. [O. Fr. _edage_ (Fr. _âge_)--L. _ætas_ = _ævitas_--L. _ævum_, age; cog. with EVER.]

AGEN, a-gen', _adv._ Same as AGAIN.

AGENDA, aj-end'a, _n._ things to be done: a memorandum-book: (_obs._) a ritual. [L. _agendus_, fut. perf. pass. of _ag[)e]re_, to do.]

AGENT, [=a]j'ent, _n._ a person or thing that acts or exerts power: any natural force acting on matter: one authorised or delegated to transact business for another.--_n._ AG'ENCY, the office or business, operation or action, of an agent; instrumentality.--LAW AGENT, a general term in Scotland, including Writers to the Signet, Solicitors to the Supreme Court, and Procurators in the sheriff courts--the requirements are an indentured apprenticeship of five years to a law agent, the passing of examinations in general knowledge and in law, and formal admission by the Court of Session. [L. _ag[)e]re_, to do. See ACT.]

AGGLOMERATE, ag-glom'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.t._ to make into a ball: to collect into a mass.--_v.i._ to grow into a mass.--_adjs._ AGGLOM'ERATE, AGGLOM'ERATED, collected into a heap or mass.--_n._ AGGLOMER[=A]'TION, a growing or heaping together: a mass: a cluster.--_adj._ AGGLOM'ERATIVE. [_Agglomer[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ad_, to, L. _glomus_, _glomeris_, a ball. See CLEW, GLOBE.]

AGGLUTINATE, ag-gl[=oo]t'in-[=a]t, _v.t._ to cause to adhere by glue or cement.--_adj._ AGGLUT'INANT, uniting or causing to stick together.--_ns._ AGGLUT'INATE, AGGLUT'INATIVE, a classification formerly much used in contrast to _inflectional_, to describe such languages as Turkish, which show, in the words of Whitney, an inferior degree of integration in the elements of their words, or of unification of words, the suffixes and prefixes retaining a certain independence of one another and of the root or stem to which they are added; AGGLUTIN[=A]'TION, the act of uniting, as by glue: adhesion of parts.--_adj._ AGGLUT'INATIVE, tending to or having power to cause adhesion. [L. _agglutin[=a]re_--_ad_, to, _gluten_, glue. See GLUE.]

AGGRACE, ag-gr[=a]s', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to grace, to favour.--_n._ kindness: favour. [Low L. _aggrati[=a]re_--L. _ad_, to, _gratia_, grace.]

AGGRANDISE, ag'grand-[=i]z, _v.t._ to make great or larger: to make greater in power, rank, or honour.--_ns._ AGGRANDIS[=A]'TION; AGGRANDISEMENT (ag'grand-[=i]z-ment, or ag-grand'iz-ment), act of aggrandising: state of being aggrandised. [Fr., from L. _ad_, to, and _grandis_, large.]

AGGRATE, ag-gr[=a]t', _v.t._ (_obs._) to gratify or please. [It. _aggratare_--L. _ad_, to, _gratus_, pleasing. See GRACE.]

AGGRAVATE, ag'grav-[=a]t, _v.t._ to make worse: to provoke.--_adj._ AG'GRAVATING.--_adv._ AG'GRAVATINGLY.--_n._ AGGRAV[=A]'TION, a making worse: any quality or circumstance which makes a thing worse: an exaggeration. [L. _aggrav[=a]re_--_ad_, to, _gravis_, heavy. See GRAVE.]

AGGREGATE, ag'greg-[=a]t, _v.t._ to collect into a mass: to accumulate.--_v.i._ (_rare_) to add as a member to a society: to combine with.--_adj._ formed of parts taken together.--_n._ the sum total.--_adv._ AG'GREGATELY.--_n._ AGGREG[=A]'TION, act of aggregating: state of being collected together: an aggregate.--_adj._ AG'GREGATIVE. [L. _aggreg[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to bring together, as a flock--_ad_, to, _grex_, _gregis_, a flock.]

AGGRESS, ag-gres', _v.i._ to make a first attack: to begin a quarrel: to intrude.--_adj._ AGGRESS'IVE, making the first attack, or prone to do so: offensive as opposed to defensive.--_ns._ AGGRESS'IVENESS; AGGRESS'OR, one who attacks first. [L. _aggredi_, _-gressus_--_ad_, to, _gradi_, to step.]

AGGRESSION, ag-gresh'un, _n._ first act of hostility or injury: a breach of the peace: an attack on public privileges. [L. _aggredi_, _-gressus_--_ad_, to, _gradi_, to step.]

AGGRIEVE, ag-gr[=e]v', _v.t._ to press heavily upon: to pain or injure. [O. Fr. _agrever_ (Sp. _agraviar_)--L. _ad_, to, and _gravis_, heavy. See GRIEF, GRIEVE.]

AGHAST, a-gast', _adj._ stupefied with horror. [Properly _agast_; M. E. _agasten_, to terrify; A.S. intens. pfx. _á-_, and _gæstan_, to terrify. The primary notion of the root _gæs-_ (Goth. _gais-_) is to fix, stick; to root to the spot with terror. See GAZE.]

AGILE, aj'il, _adj._ active: nimble.--_n._ AGIL'ITY, quickness of motion: nimbleness--also AG'ILENESS. [Fr.--L. _agilis_--_ag[)e]re_, to do or act.]

AGIO, [=a]'ji-o, _n._ the difference between the real and nominal value of money, or between metallic and paper money: the variations from fixed pars or rates of exchange: discount. [It. _agio_, _aggio_, ease, convenience.]

AGIOTAGE, aj'i-o-t[=a]j, _n._ exchange business, hence the manoeuvres of speculators to raise or depress the funds: stock-jobbing.

AGIST, a-jist', _v.t._ to take in the cattle of others to graze for a certain sum: to charge lands or the like with any public burden.--_ns._ AGIST'MENT, the action of agisting: the price paid for cattle pasturing on the land: a burden or tax; AGIST'OR, AGIST'ER, an officer who takes charge of cattle agisted. [O. Fr. _agister_--L. _jacit[=a]re_, _jac[=e]re_, to lie.]

AGITATE, aj'i-t[=a]t, _v.t._ to keep moving: to stir violently: to disturb: to discuss, or keep up the discussion of a question.--_n._ AGIT[=A]'TION, commotion: perturbation of mind: discussion: public excitement.--_adj._ AG'ITATIVE.--_n._ AG'ITATOR, one who excites or keeps up a public agitation. [L. _agit[=a]re_, freq. of _ag[)e]re_, to put in motion. See ACT.]

AGLET, AIGLET, [=a]'glet, _n._ the tag or point of the lace or string by which different parts of dress were fastened together, orig. to facilitate passing through the eyelet-holes, afterwards themselves ornamental, like Shakespeare's _aglet-baby_, and still surviving in the so-called _aiguillettes_ or tagged points of braid hanging from the shoulder in some military and naval uniforms: a technical name for white stay-laces. [Fr. _aiguillette_, dim. of _aiguille_, a needle--from L. _acucula_ = _acicula_, dim. of _acus_, a needle.]

AGLEY, AGLEE, a-gl[=e]', _adv._ (_Scot._) off the right line: wrong. [Pfx. _a-_, and Scot. _gley_, _gleg_, squint.]

AGLIMMER, a-glim'[.e]r, _adv._ in a glimmering state.

AGLOW, a-gl[=o]', _adj._ and _adv._ very warm: red-hot.

AGNAIL, ag'n[=a]l, _n._ an inflammation round the toe- or finger-nail: a whitlow: a hangnail. [A.S. _angnægl_--_ang_, tight, and _nægl_, a nail; confounded in meaning by the dictionary-makers with Fr. _angonailles_, blotches, sores--Low L. _anguinalia_, carbuncles.]

AGNAME, ag'n[=a]m, _n._ a name over and above the name and surname.--_adj._ AG'NAMED, styled by such a name. [L. _ag_ = _ad_, and NAME; formed after L. _agnomen_.]

AGNATE, ag'n[=a]t, _adj._ related on the father's side: allied.--_n._ a relation by the father's side.--_adjs._ AGNAT'IC, AGNAT'ICAL.--_adv._ AGNAT'ICALLY.--_n._ AGN[=A]'TION. [L. _agnat-us_--_ad_, to, _nasci_, to be born. See COGNATE.]

AGNISE, ag-n[=i]z', _v.t._ (_arch._) to acknowledge, to confess. [L. _agnosc[)e]re_--_ad_, to, _gnosc[)e]re_, _nosc[)e]re_, to know.]

AGNOMEN, ag-n[=o]'men, _n._ a surname added to the family name, generally on account of some great exploit, as _Africanus_ to P. Cornelius Scipio. [L.--_ad_, to, and _gnomen_, _nomen_, a name.]

AGNOSTIC, ag-nos'tik, _n._ one who holds that we know nothing of things beyond material phenomena--that a First Cause and an unseen world are things unknown and apparently unknowable.--_n._ AGNOS'TICISM. [Coined by Prof. Huxley in 1869 from the word in Acts, xvii. 23; _a_, privative, and Gr. _gn[=o]stikos_, good at knowing. See GNOSTIC.]

AGNUS DEI, ag'nus-d[=e]'[=i], a part of the Mass beginning with the words _Agnus Dei_, also the music set to it: a figure of a lamb emblematic of Christ, bearing with its right foot the banner of the cross, and having the nimbus inscribed with the cross around its head: a round cake of wax stamped with such a figure, and blessed by the Pope. [L., lit. 'lamb of God.']

AGO, a-g[=o]', AGONE, a-gon', _adv._ gone: past: since. [Pa.p. of A.S. _[=a]g[=a]n_, to pass away--inten. pfx. _[=a]-_, and _g[=a]n_, to go.]

AGOG, a-gog', _adj._ or _adv._ eager: astir. [Perh. connected with O. Fr. _en gogues_; _estre en ses gogues_, to be frolicsome, or Fr. _vivre à gogo_, to live in abundance. The ultimate origin is unknown.]

AGOING, a-g[=o]'ing, _adv._ going on: current.

AGONE. See AGO.

AGONIC, ag'on-ik, _adj._ having or making no angle.--AGONIC LINE, the line of no magnetic variation--an irregular line passing through the magnetic poles of the earth, along which the magnetic needle points directly north or south. [Gr. _ag[=o]nos_; _a_, neg., _g[=o]nia_, angle.]

AGONIST, ag'o-nist, _n._ one who contends for a prize in public games.--_adjs._ AGONIST'IC, -AL, relating to athletic contests: combative.--_adv._ AGONIST'ICALLY.--_n._ AGONIST'ICS, the art and theory of games and prize-fighting. [See AGONY.]

AGONY, ag'o-ni, _n._ a violent struggle: extreme suffering: the death struggle in particular: Christ's anguish in Gethsemane.--_v.t._ AG'ONISE, to struggle, suffer agony: to subject to agony.--_adj._ AG'ONISING, causing agony.--_adv._ AG'ONISINGLY.--AGONY COLUMN, the part of a newspaper containing special advertisements, as for missing friends and the like. [Gr.--_ag[=o]n_, contest.]

AGOOD, a-good', _adv._ (_obs._) in good earnest, heartily. [A.S. pfx. _a-_, and GOOD.]

AGORA, ag'o-ra, _n._ an assembly, hence a place of assembly, the market-place. [Gr.]

AGOUTA, a-g[=oo]'ta, _n._ a rat-like animal of Hayti.

AGOUTI, a-g[=oo]'ti, _n._ a small South American rodent allied to the guinea-pig. [Native word.]

AGRAFFE, a-graf', _n._ a kind of clasp or hook. [Fr. _agrafe_, a clasp--Low L. _grappa_, Old High Ger. _chrapfo_ (Ger. _krappen_), a hook.]

AGRARIAN, ag-r[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ relating to land, or its management, as in 'agrarian crime,' &c., applied esp. to Roman laws for the equal distribution of the public lands: rural.--_n._ AGR[=A]'RIANISM, an equal division of lands: a political movement in favour of interference with the ordinary conditions of private property in land. [L. _agrarius_--_ager_, a field. See ACRE.]

AGREE, a-gr[=e]', _v.i._ to be of one mind: to concur: to assent to: to be consistent, to harmonise: to determine, to settle: to resemble, to suit: (_gram._) to be in concord with--taking the same gender, number, case, or person: to do well with climate, &c. (followed by _with_ before the person or thing agreeing: by _upon_, _on_, _for_, _to_, _in_ before the condition of the agreement):--_pa.p._ agreed'.--_adj._ AGREE'ABLE, suitable: pleasant: favourable to, consenting to.--_n._ AGREE'ABLENESS, suitableness: conformity: quality of pleasing--also AGREEABIL'ITY.--_adv._ AGREE'ABLY.--_n._ AGREE'MENT, concord: conformity: harmony: a bargain or contract. [O. Fr. _agréer_, to accept kindly--L. _ad_, to, and _gratus_, pleasing.]

AGRESTIC, a-gres'tik, _adj._ pertaining to the fields: rural: unpolished. [L. _agrestis_--_ager_, a field.]

AGRICULTURE, ag'ri-kult-[=u]r, _n._ the art or practice of cultivating the land.--_adj._ AGRICULT'URAL, relating to agriculture.--_n._ AGRICULT'URIST, one skilled in agriculture: a farmer--also AGRICULT'URALIST. [L. _agricultura_--_ager_, a field, _cultura_, cultivation. See CULTURE.]

AGRIMONY, ag'ri-mun-i, _n._ a genus of plants of the rose-group, with small yellow flowers and bitter taste. [L. _agrimonia_, for _argemonia_, Gr. _argem[=o]n[=e]_.]

AGRIN, a-grin', _adv._ on the grin.

AGRISE, a-gr[=i]z', _v.t._ (_obs._) to terrify, to make frightful. [A.S. _[=a]gr[=i]san_, to dread.]

AGRONOMIAL, ag-r[=o]-n[=o]'mi-al, _adj._ relating to the management of farms--also AGRONOM'IC.--_n._ AGRON'OMY, agricultural pursuits. [Gr. _agronomos_; _agros_, a field, _nemein_, to deal out.]

AGROUND, a-grownd', _adv._ stranded.

AGUARDIENTE, a-gwär-di-[.e]n't[.e], _n._ a kind of grape-brandy made in Spain and Portugal: any spirituous liquor, applied even to Mexican pulque. [Sp., from _agua ardiente_, burning water; _agua_--L. _aqua_; _ardiente_, _arder_--L. _ard[=e]re_, to burn.]

AGUE, [=a]'g[=u], _n._ a fever coming in periodical fits, accompanied with shivering: chilliness: quaking.--_adj._ A'GUED, struck with ague: shivering: cold; A'GUISH. [O. Fr. _aigue_ (Fr. _aigu_, sharp)--L. _acutus_. See ACUTE.]

AGUERRIED, a-ger'id, _adj._ inured to war, or instructed in it. [Fr. _aguerrir_, to make warlike; _à_--Lat. _ad_, to, and _guerre_, war.]

AGUISE, a-g[=i]z', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to dress, to adorn. [Pfx. _a-_, and GUISE.]

AH, ä, _interj._ an exclamation of surprise, joy, pity, complaint, &c.

AHA, ä-hä', _interj._ an exclamation of exultation, pleasure, surprise, or contempt.

AHEAD, a-hed', _adv._ farther on: in advance: headlong, as in the phrase 'to go _ahead_.'

AHEAP, a-h[=e]p', _adv._ in a heap: in a state of collapse through terror or astonishment.

AHEIGHT, a-h[=i]t', _adv._ (_arch._) on high, aloft.

AHEM, a-hem', _interj._ a lengthened form of HEM.

AHITHOPHEL. See ACHITOPHEL.

AHIGH, a-h[=i]', _adv._ an obsolete form of ON HIGH.

AHOLD, a-h[=o]ld', _adv._ (_Shak._) near the wind, so as to keep clear of the land.

AHORSEBACK, a-hors'bak, _adv._ on horseback.

AHOY, a-hoi', _interj._ a nautical term used in hailing. [Form of interj. HOY.]

AHULL, a-hul', _adv._ (_naut._) with sails furled, and helm lashed to the lee-side, driving before the wind, stern foremost.

AHUNGERED, a-hung'g[.e]rd, _adj._ oppressed with hunger. [Erroneously written AN HUNGERED, as in Bible.]

AIBLINS, [=a]b'linz, _adv._ (_Scot._) perhaps, possibly. [See ABLE.]

AID, [=a]d, _v.t._ to help, assist.--_n._ help: assistance, as in defending an action: an auxiliary: subsidy or money grant to the king.--_n._ AID'ANCE, aid, help, support.--_adj._ AID'ANT, (_arch._) aiding, helping.--_n._ AID'ER, one who brings aid: a helper.--_adjs._ AID'FUL; AID'LESS.--COURT OF AIDS, the court that supervised the customs duties. [O. Fr. _aider_--L. _adjut[=a]re_--_ad_, and _juv[=a]re_, _jutum_, to help.]

AIDE-DE-CAMP, [=a]d'-de-kong, _n._ an officer who carries the orders of a general on the field, and brings him intelligence:--_pl._ AIDES'-DE-CAMP. [Fr., assistant on the field.]

AIERY, a variant of AERIE.

AIGRETTE, [=a]'gret, _n._ (_zool._) a small white heron: (_bot._) the down attached to vegetable seeds, as in the thistle: a plume composed of feathers, or of precious stones, like a heron's crest. [Fr. _aigrette_.]

AIGUILLE, [=a]-gw[=e]l', _n._ a sharp, needle-like peak of rock, applied esp. to many of the peaks near Mont Blanc: a slender boring-drill for blasting. [Fr. See AGLET.]

AIGUILLETTE. See AGLET.

AIL, [=a]l, _v.i._ to feel pain: to be in trouble.--_v.t._ to trouble, afflict--_obs._ except in impers. phrase 'What ails you?'--_n._ trouble: indisposition.--_n._ AIL'MENT, pain: indisposition: disease. [A.S. _eglan_, to pain. See AWE.]

AILANTO, [=e]l-an'to, _n._ a lofty and beautiful tree, native to South-eastern Asia, but grown to shade public walks in France and Italy. Its leaves give food to a species of silkworm--it is sometimes called the Vernis du Japon, or Japan Varnish, apparently by confusion with certain species of Rhus.--Also AILAN'TUS. [Native Amboyna name, meaning 'tree of the gods.']

AILETTE, [=a]l-let', _n._ an iron plate once worn by men-at-arms for defence on the shoulder. [Fr., dim. of _aille_--L. _ala_, a wing.]

AIM, [=a]m, _v.i._ to point at with a weapon: to direct the intention or endeavour (_at_): (_obs._) to conjecture.--_v.t._ to point, as a weapon or firearm.--_n._ the pointing of a weapon: the thing pointed at: design: intention.--_adj._ AIM'LESS, without aim.--_adv._ AIM'LESSLY.--_n._ AIM'WORTHINESS, good aim.--TO CRY AIM, in old writers, to encourage archers when shooting by crying 'aim,' hence to applaud or encourage. [O. Fr. _esmer_, to reckon--L. _æstim[=a]re_, to estimate. See ESTIMATE.]

AIN'T, [=a]nt, a colloquial contracted form of _are not_--also AN'T = _aren't_, _are not_.--AN'T (_Shak._) occurs as a variant of _on't_ = _on it_, _of it_.

AIR, [=a]r, _n._ the fluid we breathe: the atmosphere: any special condition of atmosphere, as in 'the night-_air_,' 'to take the air:' a light breeze: publicity: the bearing of a person: outward appearance, manner, look: an assumed or affected manner: (_mus._) a rhythmical melody: a song, also specially a sprightly song: the soprano part in a harmonised composition, being that which gives it its character: (_pl._) affectation.--_v.t._ to expose to the air: to dry: to expose to warm air: (_obs._) to take an airing.--_ns._ AIR'-BATH, an arrangement for drying substances in air of any desired temperature; AIR'-BED, a bed for the sick, inflated with air; AIR'-BLAD'DER, in some fishes, an organ containing air, by which they maintain their equilibrium in the water; AIR'-BRAKE, a railway brake worked by compressed air.--_adj._ AIR'-BUILT, built in air: having no solid foundation.--_ns._ AIR'-CELL, a cavity containing air; AIR'-CUSH'ION, an air-tight cushion, which can be inflated; AIR'-DRAIN, an ample space at the foot of foundation walls, for the sake of dryness.--_adj._ AIR'DRAWN, drawn in air: visionary: (_Shak._) imaginary.--_ns._ AIR'-EN'GINE, an engine put in motion by air expanded by heat; AIR'-GAS, illuminating gas made by charging atmospheric air with vapour of petroleum or other hydrocarbon; AIR'-GUN, a gun which discharges bullets by means of compressed air.--_adv._ AIR'ILY, gaily.--_ns._ AIR'INESS, state of being airy; openness: liveliness; AIR'ING, exposure to the air or fire: a short excursion in the open air; AIR'-JACK'ET, a jacket with air-tight cavities, which being inflated renders a person buoyant in water.--_adj._ AIR'LESS, void of air: not having free communication with the open air.--_ns._ AIR'-LOCK, a small chamber for the entrance and exit of men and materials, at the top of the caisson or hollow cylinder used for founding the piers of bridges under water; AIR'-PUMP, an instrument for pumping the air out of a vessel; AIR'-SAC, an air-cell or air-space, esp. in the bones of birds; AIR'-SHAFT, a passage for air into a mine; AIR'-SHIP, a navigable balloon; AIR'-SPACE, the cubic content of a room, hospital-ward, or the like, with reference to the respirable air contained in it.--_adj._ AIR'-TIGHT, so tight as not to admit air.--_n._ AIR'-VES'SEL, a vessel or tube containing air.--_adv._ AIR'WARDS, up in the air.--_adj._ AIR'Y, consisting of or relating to air: open to the air: like air: unsubstantial: light of heart: sprightly.--TO TAKE AIR, to get wind, to become publicly known. [Fr.--L. _aër_--Gr.]

AIRLING, [=a]r'ling, _n._ (_obs._) a thoughtless, gay person.

AIRT, [=a]rt, _n._ (_Scot._) direction, quarter. [Gael. _aird_, _àrd_; Ir. _ard_.]

AISLE, [=i]l, _n._ any lateral division of any part of a church, whether of nave, choir, or transept. The word is often erroneously applied to the passage in a church between the pews or seats.--_adj._ AISLED, ([=i]ld), having aisles. [O. Fr. _ele_, _aisle_ (Fr. _aile_)--L. _axilla_, _ala_, a wing.]

AIT, [=a]t, _n._ a small island in a river or lake. [A.S. forms, _íget_, _ígeoth_, supply the key to the word, but its history is obscure.]

AITCHBONE, [=a]ch'b[=o]n, _n._ the bone of the rump: the cut of beef over this bone. [Orig. _nache-_ or _nage_bone; O. Fr. _nache_, _nage_--L. _nates_, buttock; _a nache_ became _aitch_, and erroneously _edge_-bone.]

AJAR, a-jär', _adv._ partly open. [A.S. _on_, on, _cyrr_, a turn.]

AJEE, AGEE, a-j[=e]', _adv._ (_Scot._ and _prov._) aside, off the straight, ajar. [Prep. _a_, and _gee_, to move to one side; _jee_, a call to a horse to move to one side.]

AJUTAGE, ADJUTAGE, ad'joo-t[=a]j, _n._ a tube adjusted to an orifice through which water is discharged. [Fr.--Fr. _ajouter_. See ADJUST.]

AKE, [=a]k, old form of ACHE.

AKEE, a-k[=e]', _n._ the fruit of a small African sapindaceous tree, now common in the West Indies.

AKIMBO, a-kim'bo, _adj._ with hand on hip and elbow bent outward. [Ety. uncertain; Skeat suggests the Ice. _kengboginn_, bent into a crook, from _kengr_, a crook, twist, kink, and _boginn_, bowed. Others connect the _-kim_ with KEEN.]

AKIN, a-kin', _adj._ of kin: related by blood: having the same properties. [OF and KIN.]

ALABASTER, al'a-bas-t[.e]r, _n._ a semi-transparent kind of gypsum or sulphate of lime: the fine limestone deposited as stalagmites and stalactites.--_adj._ made of alabaster.--_adj._ ALABAS'TRIAN. [Gr. _alabastros_, said to be derived from _Alabastron_, a town in Egypt.]

ALACK, a-lak', _interj._ an exclamation denoting sorrow.

ALACK-A-DAY, a-lak'-a-d[=a], _interj._ (_rare_) an exclamation of sadness. [Interj. _ah_, _lak_ (LACK), and DAY.]

ALACRITY, a-lak'ri-ti, _n._ briskness: cheerful readiness: promptitude. [L. _alacris_, brisk.]

ALALIA, a-l[=a]'li-a, _n._ loss of speech. [Gr. _a_, priv., and _lalein_, to talk.]

ALAMEDA, a-la-m[=e]'da, _n._ a public walk or promenade between two rows of trees. [Sp.]

ALAMODE, a-la-m[=o]d', _adv._ and _adj._ according to the mode or fashion.--_n._ a light kind of glossy silk for scarfs, hat-bands, &c.--_n._ ALAMODAL'ITY (_rare_).--ALAMODE BEEF, beef larded and stewed with vegetables. [Fr. _à la mode_.]

ALAMORT, a-la-mort', _adj._ half-dead: in a depressed condition: dejected. Sometimes erroneously ALL AMORT. [Fr. _à la mort_, to death. See MORTAL.]

ALAND, a-land', _adv._ on or to land: landed.

ALAR, [=a]'lar, _adj._ of, or having, wings.--Also A'LARY. [L. _ala_, a wing.]

ALARM, a-lärm', _n._ notice of danger: sudden surprise with fear: a mechanical contrivance to arouse from sleep: a call to arms.--_v.t._ to call to arms: to give notice of danger: to fill with dread.--_adv._ ALARM'INGLY.--_n._ ALARM'IST, one who excites alarm: one given to prophesy danger.--_adj._ alarming. [Fr. _alarme_--It. _all' arme_, to arms--L. _ad_, to, _arma_, arms.]

ALARUM, al-är'um, _n._ and _v.t._ same as ALARM--now used, except poetically, only of an _alarum-clock_.

ALAS, a-las', _interj._ expressive of grief.--ALAS THE DAY, ALAS THE WHILE (in old writers), ah! unhappy day, or time. [O. Fr. _ha las_, _a las_ (mod. Fr. _hélas_); _ha!_ and _las_, _lasse_, wretched, weary--L. _lassus_, wearied.]

ALATE, a-l[=a]t', _adv._ (_arch._) lately. [A.S. pfx. _a-_, on, and LATE.]

ALATE, al'[=a]t, _adj._ winged: (_bot._) bordered by a leafy expansion.--Also AL'ATED. [L. _alatus_--_ala_, a wing.]

ALB, alb, _n._ in R.C. churches, a white linen vestment with tight sleeves, reaching to the feet, worn by the officiating priest at the celebration of the eucharist, under the chasuble, cope, or dalmatic. [A.S. _albe_--Low L. _alba_, L. _albus_, white.]

ALBACORE, al'ba-k[=o]r, _n._ a large species of the tunny fish, found in West Indian waters. [Port.--Ar. _al_, the, _bukr_, pl. _bak[=a]rat_, a young camel.]

ALBATA, al-b[=a]'ta, _n._ a white silvery alloy of nickel, zinc, and copper--also _British plate_ and _German Silver_. [L., _alb[=a]re_, to whiten, _albus_, white.]

ALBATROSS, al'ba-tros, _n._ a large, long-winged, web-footed sea-bird of remarkable powers of flight, found abundantly in the Southern Ocean, particularly near the Cape of Good Hope. [Corr. from ALCATRAS (q.v.), perh. with reference to _albus_, white, from its colour.]

ALBE, ALE-BE, awl-b[=e]', _obs._ forms of ALBEIT.

ALBEIT, awl-b[=e]'it, _adv._ although it be: notwithstanding: even if, although. [All be it (that) = all though it be that]

ALBERT, al'bert, _n._ a short kind of watch-chain. [Named from Prince _Albert_, husband of Queen Victoria.]

ALBESCENT, al-bes'ent, _adj._ becoming white: whitish.--_n._ ALBES'CENCE. [L. _albescens_, -_entis_, pr.p. of _albesc[)e]re_, to grow white--_albus_, white.]

ALBESPYNE, ALBESPINE, al'be-sp[=i]n, _n._ whitethorn, hawthorn. [O. Fr. _albespine_, _aubespine_ (Fr. _aubépine_)--L. _alba spina_, white thorn.]

ALBIGENSES, al-bi-jen's[=e]z, _n.pl._ a name applied to antisacerdotal sects in the south of France during the 12th and 13th centuries, infected with Manichæan heresy, and extirpated with the most horrible cruelties. [The town _Albi_.]

ALBINO, al-b[=i]'no, _n._ a human being or animal whose skin and hair are abnormally white, and the pupil of the eye of pink colour:--_fem._ ALB[=I]'NESS:--_pl._ ALB[=I]'NOS.--_n._ AL'BINISM, state or condition of being an albino. [Sp. _albino_, whitish--L. _albus_, white.]

ALBITE, al'b[=i]t, _n._ a species of mineral of the felspar family, of a white colour, and forming a constituent of many kinds of rocks. [From L. _albus_, white.]

ALBUGINEOUS, al-b[=u]-jin'e-us, _adj._ like the white of an egg or of the eye. [L. _albugo_, _albuginis_, whiteness, from _albus_, white.]

ALBUM, al'bum, _n._ among the Romans, a white tablet or register on which the prætor's edicts and such public notices were recorded: a blank book for the insertion of portraits, autographs, poetical extracts, memorial verses, postage-stamps, or the like.--_adj._ AL'BUM[=E]'AN, and _n._ AL'BUMESS, whimsical coinages of Charles Lamb. [L. _albus_, white.]

ALBUMEN, al-b[=u]'men, _n._ the white of eggs: a like substance found in animal and vegetable bodies.--_ns._ ALB[=U]'MIN, one of the classes of albuminoids, such as are soluble in water, or in dilute acids or alkalis; ALB[=U]'MINATE, one of a class of bodies in which albumin appears in weak combination with a base.--_v.t._ ALBUMINISE' (_phot._), to cover or impregnate with albumen: to coat paper with an albuminous solution.--_adj._ ALB[=U]'MINOUS, like or containing albumen: insipid. [L.--_albus_, white.]

ALBUMINOID, al-b[=u]'min-oid, _adj._ like albumen.--_n._ one of a class of nitrogenous compounds derived from animal tissues. [ALBUMEN, and Gr. _eidos_, form.]

ALBURNUM, al-burn'um, _n._ in trees, the white and soft parts of wood between the inner bark and the heart-wood.--_adj._ ALBURN'OUS. [L.--_albus_, white.]

ALCAHEST. See ALKAHEST.

ALCAIC, al-k[=a]'ik, _adj._ of or pertaining to the Greek lyrical poet, Alcæus (_c._ 600 B.C.), or to the kind of verse invented by him. The most common form consists of an anacrusis, a trochee, a spondee, and two dactyls; a second, of a catalectic iambic pentameter, the third foot always being a spondee; a third, of two dactyls followed by two trochees. The most common arrangement was two lines of (1), followed by one of (2) and one of (3). Cf. Tennyson's 'O mighty-mouth'd inventor of harmonies.'

ALCAID, ALCAYDE, al-k[=a]d', _n._ a governor: a chief magistrate: a gaoler. [Sp. and Port.--Ar. _alk[=a][=i]d_--_al_, the, _q[=a][=i]d_, a leader, _q[=a]da_, to lead.]

ALCALDE, al-kal'd[=a], _n._ a judge. [Sp.--Ar. _al-q[=a]d[=i]_.]

ALCATRAS, al'ka-tras, _n._ a name applied loosely to several large ocean birds, as the pelican, gannet, frigate-bird, and even the albatross. [Sp. _alcatraz_, a white pelican.]

ALCHEMY, ALCHYMY, al'ki-mi, _n._ the infant stage of chemistry, as astrology was of astronomy.--A chief pursuit of the alchemists was to transmute the other metals into gold, and to discover the elixir of life.--_adj._ ALCHEM'IC--_n._ AL'CHEMIST, one skilled in alchemy. [Ar. _Al-k[=i]m[=i][=a]_--_al_, the, and _k[=i]m[=i][=a]_--late Gr. _ch[=e]meia_, 'transmution,' prob. as specially an Egyptian art, from _Khem_, the native name of Egypt; confused with Gr. _ch[=u]meia_, pouring, from _chein_, to pour, hence the old spellings _alchymy_, _chymistry_.]

ALCOHOL, al'k[=o]-hol, _n._ pure spirit, a liquid generated by the fermentation of sugar and other saccharine matter, and forming the intoxicating element of fermented liquors.--_adj._ ALCOHOL'IC, of or like alcohol.--_n._ ALCOHOLIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ AL'COHOLISE, to convert into alcohol, or saturate with it: to rectify.--_n._ AL'COHOLISM, a term employed to denote the symptoms of disease produced by alcoholic poisoning.--ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL, alcohol entirely free from water. [Ar. _al-koh'l_--_al_, the, _koh'l_, fine powder of antimony used in the East to stain the eyelids.]

ALCOHOLOMETER, al-k[=o]-hol-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for ascertaining the strength of spirits.--_n._ ALCOHOLOM'ETRY, the process of such measurement. [ALCOHOL and METER.]

ALCORAN, al'k[=o]-ran, _n._ the Koran. [_Al_, the Arabic article.]

ALCOVE, al'k[=o]v, or al-k[=o]v', _n._ a recess in a room: any recess: a shady retreat. [Sp. _alcoba_, a place in a room railed off to hold a bed--Ar. _al_, the, _qobbah_, a vault.]

ALDEHYDE, al'd[=e]-h[=i]d, _n._ a volatile fluid with a suffocating smell, obtained by the oxidation of alcohol: a large class of compounds intermediate between alcohols and acids. [From _Al. dehyd._, a contr. for _Alcohol dehydrogenatum_.]

ALDER, awl'd[.e]r, _n._ a tree related to the birch, usually growing in moist ground. [A.S. _alor_; Ger. _erle_; L. _alnus_.]

ALDER-LIEFEST, awl-d[.e]r-l[=e]f'est, _adj._ (_Shak._) most beloved of all. [The M. E. gen. pl. forms _alra_, _alre_, _aller_, _alder_, survived till about 1600; for _liefest_, see LIEF.]

ALDERMAN, awl'd[.e]r-man, _n._ in English and Irish boroughs, a civic dignitary next in rank to the mayor.--They are usually chosen for three years; those of London are chosen for life.--The name was assumed incongruously enough for superior members of the county councils set up in England in 1888: in Anglo-Saxon times, the governor of a shire until by Canute displaced by the earl; thenceforward, any head man of a guild.--_adjs._ ALDERMAN'IC, AL'DERMANLIKE, AL'DERMANLY, pompous and portly. [A.S. _ealdor_ (from _eald_, old), senior, chief; _ealdorman_, ruler, king, chief magistrate.]

ALDERN, awl'd[.e]rn, _adj._ made of alder.

ALDINE, al'd[=i]n, _adj._ applied to books printed by Aldus Manutius of Venice, in 16th century.

ALE, [=a]l, _n._ a beverage made from an infusion of malt by fermentation: a festival, so called from the liquor drunk.--_ns._ ALE'BERRY, a beverage made from ale; ALE'CONNER, an ale-taster, a civic officer appointed to test the quality of the ale brewed--A.S. _cunnere_, a trier; ALE'-HOUSE, a house in which ale is sold. [A.S. _alu_; Ice. _öl_.]

ALEATORY, [=a]'l[=e]-a-t[=o]-ri, _adj._ depending on the throw of the dice: dependent on certain contingencies. [L. _[=a]le[=a]t[=o]rius_, _[=a]lea_, a die.]

ALEE, a-l[=e]', _adv._ on the lee-side. [See LEE.]

ALEFT, a-left', _adv._ on or to the left hand.

ALEGAR, al'e-gar, _n._ sour ale. [ALE, and Fr. _aigre_--L. _acer_, sour.]

ALEGER, al'e-j[.e]r, _adj._ (_Bacon_) lively, cheerful. [O. Fr. _alègre_--L. _al[=a]cr-em_.]

ALEGGE, an obsolete form of ALLEGE.

ALEMBIC, al-em'bik, _n._ a vessel used by the old chemists in distillation. [Ar. _al_, the, _anb[=i]q_--Gr. _ambiks_, a cup.]

ALENGTH, a-length', _adv._ at full length. [A.S. pfx. _a-_, on, and LENGTH.]

ALERCE, a-lers', _n._ the wood of the sandarac-tree: the Chilian _Arbor vitæ_--both of the pine family. [Sp.--Ar. _al arza_, cedar.]

ALERT, al-[.e]rt', _adj._ watchful: brisk.--_n._ a sudden attack or surprise.--_adv._ ALERT'LY.--_n._ ALERT'NESS.--UPON THE ALERT, upon the watch. [Fr.--It. _all' erta_, on the erect--_erto_, L. _erectus_, erect.]

ALEW, a-l[=u]' (_Spens._) an obsolete form of HALLOO.

ALEWIFE, [=a]l'w[=i]f, _n._ a fish of the same genus as the shad, about a foot in length, common on the east coast of North America. [Said to be a corr. of _aloofe_, the Indian name of a fish.]

ALEXANDRIAN, al-egz-an'dri-an, _adj._ relating to Alexandria in Egypt, or its school of philosophy: relating to Alexander.

ALEXANDRINE, al-egz-an'drin, _n._ a rhyming verse of twelve syllables, six iambic feet, so-called from its use in old French poems on _Alexander_ the Great. It is the ordinary verse of French tragedy. French Alexandrines are arranged in couplets, alternately acatalectic with masculine rhymes, and hypercatalectic with feminine rhymes.

ALFA, al'fa, _n._ an African name for esparto grass--also spelt HALFA.

ALFALFA, al-fal'fa, _n._ a Spanish name for a variety of lucerne--used also in some parts of the United States. [Sp. _alfalfa_, three-leaved grass; Ar. _alfacfacah_.]

ALFRESCO, al-fresk'o, _adv._ on the fresh, as to paint _al fresco_ = on the fresh plaster: in the fresh or cool air. [It.]

ALGÆ, al'j[=e], _n._ (_bot._) a division of plants, embracing seaweeds. [L., pl. of _alga_, seaweed.]

ALGATES, al'g[=a]ts, _adv._ (_obs._) always, altogether, at all events, nevertheless.--Also AL'GATE. [Lit. _alle gate_, every way. See GATE.]

ALGEBRA, al'je-bra, _n._ a method of calculating by symbols--by means of letters employed to represent the numbers, and signs to represent their relations, thus forming a kind of universal arithmetic.--_adjs._ ALGEBR[=A]'IC, -AL, pertaining to algebra.--_n._ ALGEBR[=A]'IST, one skilled in algebra. [It. and Sp., from Ar. _al-jebr_, the resetting of anything broken, hence combination; _jabara_, to reunite.]

ALGERINE, al'je-r[=e]n, _adj._ of or belonging to Algeria in Northern Africa.--_n._ a native of Algeria: a pirate.

ALGORISM, al'go-rizm, _n._ the Arabic system of numeration: arithmetic.--Also AL'GORITHM [Through O. Fr. and Late L. from Ar. _al-khow[=a]razm[=i]_, the native of Khw[=a]razm, the mathematician Abu Ja'far Mohammed Ben Musa (9th century).]

ALGOUS, al'gus, _adj._ relating to or like the algæ or seaweeds.

ALGUAZIL, al-gwaz'il, _n._ in Spain, a warrant officer or sergeant. [Sp.--Ar. _al-waz[=i]r_. See VIZIER.]

ALGUM, al'gum. Same as ALMUG.

ALHAMBRESQUE, al-ham'bresk, _adj._ after the style of the rich ornamentation of the Alhambra, a palace of the Moorish kings of Granada in Spain.

ALIAS, [=a]'li-as, _adv._ otherwise.--_n._ an assumed name:--_pl._ A'LIASES. [L. _alias_, at another time, otherwise--_alius_, Gr. _allos_, other.]

ALIBI, al'i-b[=i], _n._ the plea that a person charged with a crime was elsewhere when it was committed. [L.--_alius_, other, _ibi_, there.]

ALICANT, al'i-kant, _n._ a Spanish wine formerly much esteemed, said to have been made near Alicante in Spain.

ALIEN, [=a]l'yen, _adj._ foreign: different in nature: adverse to.--_n._ one belonging to another country: one not entitled to the rights of citizenship.--_n._ AL'IENAGE, state of being an alien. [L. _alienus_--_alius_, other.]

ALIENATE, [=a]l'yen-[=a]t, _v.t._ to transfer a right or title to another: to withdraw the affections: to misapply.--_adj._ withdrawn: estranged.--_n._ ALIENABIL'ITY.--_adj._ AL'IENABLE, capable of being transferred to another.--_ns._ ALIEN[=A]'TION; ALIEN[=A]'TOR.--_adj._ AL'IENED, made alien, estranged.--_n._ AL'IENISM, the position of being a foreigner. [L. See ALIEN.]

ALIENIST, [=a]l'yen-ist, _n._ one who specially treats mental diseases. [Fr.]

ALIFE, a-l[=i]f', _adv._ (_obs._) on my life, as one's life, excessively.

ALIGHT, a-l[=i]t', _v.i._ to come down, as from a horse (_from_): to descend: to land anywhere (_upon_): to fall upon. [A.S. _alíhtan_, to come down. See LIGHT, _v._]

ALIGHT, a-l[=i]t', _adj._ on fire: lighted up. [_a_, on, and LIGHT. See LIGHT, _n._]

ALIGN, a-l[=i]n', _v.t._ to regulate by a line: to arrange in line, as troops.--_n._ ALIGN'MENT, a laying out by a line: arrangement of soldiers in a line or lines: the ground-plan of a railway or road. [Fr. _aligner_--L. _ad_, and _linea_, a line.]

ALIKE, a-l[=i]k', _adj._ like one another: having resemblance.--_adv._ in the same manner or form: equally: similarly. [A.S. _gelíc_, _anlíc_, _onlíc_. See LIKE.]

ALIMENT, al'i-ment, _n._ nourishment: food: provision for maintenance, alimony: support.--_v.t._ to support, sustain: make provision for the maintenance of.--_adjs._ ALIMENT'AL, supplying food; ALIMENT'ARY, pertaining to aliment: nutritive.--_ns._ ALIMENT[=A]'TION, the act or state of nourishing or of being nourished; ALIMENT'IVENESS (_phrenol._), desire for food or drink; AL'IMONY, an allowance for support made to a wife when legally separated from her husband, or temporarily while the process is pending.--ALIMENTARY CANAL, the principal part of the digestive apparatus of animals, in man extending, with convolutions, about 30 feet from the mouth to the anus--including pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, &c. [L. _alimentum--al[)e]re_, to nourish.]

ALINEATION. See ALLINEATION.

ALIPED, al'i-ped, _adj._ wing-footed.--_n._ an animal whose toes are connected by a membrane serving as a wing, as the bat. [L. _alipes_--_ala_, a wing, and _pes_, _pedis_, a foot.]

ALIQUANT, al'i-kwant, _adj._ an aliquant part of a number is one that will not divide it without a remainder, thus 5 is an aliquant part of 12. [L. _aliquantum_, somewhat, _alius_, another, and _quantus_, how great.]

ALIQUOT, al'i-kwot, _adj._ such a part of a number as will divide it without a remainder. [L. _aliquot_, some, several--_alius_, other, _quot_, how many.]

ALISMA, al-iz'ma, _n._ a small genus of aquatic plants, the chief being the common water-plantain. [Gr.]

ALIVE, a-l[=i]v', _adj._ in life: susceptible. [Prep. _a = on_, and A.S. _lífe_, dat. of _líf_, life.]

ALIZARIN, a-liz'a-r[=e]n, _n._ a colouring matter used in the dyeing of Turkey red, formerly extracted from madder, the commercial name of which in the Levant is _alizari_. [Fr.; Ar. _al_, the, and _'aç[=a]rah_, juice pressed out.]

ALKAHEST, ALCAHEST, al'ka-hest, _n._ the universal solvent of the alchemists. [A coinage of Paracelsus--on Arabic analogies.]

ALKALI, al'ka-li, or -l[=i], _n._ (_chem._) a substance which combines with an acid and neutralises it, forming a salt. Potash, soda, and lime are alkalies; they have an acrid taste (that of soap), and turn vegetable blues to green:--_pl._ AL'KALIES.--_n._ ALKALES'CENCY, tendency to become alkaline.--_adj._ ALKALES'CENT, tending to become alkaline: slightly alkaline.--_n._ ALKALIM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the strength of alkalies.--_adj._ ALKALINE (al'ka-l[=i]n, or -lin), having the properties of an alkali.--_n._ ALKALIN'ITY.--_v.t._ AL'KALISE, to render alkaline:--_pr.p._ al'kal[=i]sing; _pa.p._ al'kal[=i]sed. See ACID. [Ar. _al_-_qal[=i]y_, ashes.]

ALKALIFY, al'ka-li-f[=i], _v.t._ to convert into an alkali.--_v.i._ to become alkaline:--_pr.p._ al'kalifying; _pa.p._ al'kalif[=i]ed.--_adj._ ALKALIF[=I]'ABLE, capable of being converted into an alkali. [ALKALI, and L. _fac[)e]re_, to make.]

ALKALOID, al'ka-loid, _n._ a vegetable principle possessing in some degree alkaline properties.--_adj._ pertaining to or resembling alkali. [ALKALI, and Gr. _eidos_, form or resemblance.]

ALKANET, al'ka-net, _n._ a plant, native of the Levant and Southern Europe, cultivated for its root, which yields a red colouring matter: the dye itself. [Sp. _alcaneta_.]

ALKORAN, _n._ Same as ALCORAN.

ALL, awl, _adj._ the whole of: every one of: any whatever.--_adv._ wholly: completely: entirely: (_Shak._) only, alone.--_n._ the whole: everything: the totality of things--the universe.--_n._ ALL'-FATH'ER, God.--ALL (_obs._), entirely, altogether, as in 'all to-brake' (Judges, ix. 53). The prefix _to-_ originally belonged to the verb (_tó brecan_), but as verbs with this prefix were rarely used without _all_, the fact was forgotten, and the _to_ was erroneously regarded as belonging to the _all_. Hence came into use _all_-_to_ = wholly, utterly; ALL BUT, everything short of, almost; ALL IN ALL, all things in all respects, all or everything together--(_adverbially_) altogether; ALL OVER, thoroughly, entirely; ALL OVER WITH, finished, done with (also _coll._, ALL UP with); ALL RIGHT, a colloquial phrase expressing assent or approbation; ALL'S ONE, it is just the same; ALL TO ONE (_obs._), altogether.--AFTER ALL, when everything has been considered, nevertheless; AND ALL, and everything else; AND ALL THAT, and all the rest of it, _et cetera_; AT ALL, in the least degree or to the least extent.--FOR ALL, notwithstanding; FOR GOOD AND ALL, finally.--ONCE FOR ALL, once only. [A.S. _all_, _eal_; Ger. _all_, Gael. _uile_, W. _oll._]

ALLAH, al'la, _n._ the Arabic name of the one God. [Ar. _al-ilâh_, 'the worthy to be adored.']

ALLANTOIS, a-lan't[=o]-is, _n._ a membranous sac-like appendage for effecting oxygenation in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles.--_adjs._ ALLANT[=O]'IC, ALLAN'TOID. [Gr. _allas_, a sausage.]

ALLAY, al-l[=a]', _v.t._ to lighten, relieve: to make quiet or calm.--_n._ ALLAY'MENT (_obs._), state of being allayed: state of rest: that which allays. [M. E. forms, _aleggen_, _aleyen_ (A.S. _a-lecgan_; lecgan, causal of _licgan_, to lie); identical in form, and accordingly confounded in meaning with M. E. words of Latin origin; _alegge_ (later _allege_, now obs.)--L. _allevi[=a]re_; _alaye_ (modern _allay_, _alloy_)--L. _allig[=a]re_; _aleye_ (obs.)--L. _alleg[=a]re_; _alegge_ (modern _allege_)--Low L. _ex-litig[=a]re_.]

ALLAY, an obsolete form of ALLOY.

ALLEDGE. Old spelling of ALLEGE.

ALLEGE, al-lej', _v.t._ to produce as an argument or plea: to assert: (_B_.) to give proofs--_n._ ALLEG[=A]'TION, an assertion.--_p.adj._ ALLEGED', cited, quoted. [Through O. Fr. forms from Low L. _ex-litig[=a]re_, to clear at law. See ALLAY above.]

ALLEGIANCE, al-l[=e]j'i-ans, _n._ the duty of a subject to his liege or sovereign.--_adj._ ALL[=E]'GIANT. [L. _ad_, to, and LIEGE.]

ALLEGORY, al'le-gor-i, _n._ a description of one thing under the image of another.--_adjs._ ALLEGOR'IC, -al, in the form of an allegory: figurative.--_adv._ ALLEGOR'ICALLY.--_v.t._ AL'LEGORISE, to put in form of an allegory.--_v.i._ to use allegory.--_ns._ AL'LEGORIST, one who uses allegory; ALLEGORIZ[=A]'TION. [Gr. _all[=e]goria_; _allos_, other, and _agoreuein_, to speak.]

ALLEGRO, al-l[=e]'gr[=o], _adv._ and _adj._ (_mus._) a word denoting a brisk movement.--_adv._ and _adj._ ALLEGRET'TO, somewhat brisk. [It.--L. _alacer_, brisk.]

ALLELUIA, ALLELUIAH, al-le-l[=oo]'ya. Same as HALLELUIAH.

ALLEMANDE, al'le-mand, _n._ a name given to various Germain dances: (_mus._) the first movement after the prelude in a suite. [Fr. _Allemande_, German.]

ALLENARLY, al-len'ar-li, _adv._ solely, only--obsolete save only in Scotch conveyancing. [All, and _anerly_, formed from _ane_, one.]

ALLEVIATE, al-l[=e]v'i-[=a]t, _v.t._ to make light: to mitigate.--_ns._ ALLEVI[=A]'TION; ALLEV'I[=A]TOR. [L. _ad_, _levis_, light.]

ALLEY, al'li, _n._ a walk in a garden or shrubbery: a passage in a city narrower than a street: a long narrow enclosure for playing at bowls or skittles:--_pl._ ALL'EYS. [O. Fr. _alee_ (Fr. _allée_), a passage, from _aller_, to go, O. Fr. _aner_, most prob. from L. _adn[=a]re_, to go to by water, or _adit[=a]re_, _ad[=i]re_.]

ALLEY, ALLY, al'li, _n._ a name given by boys to a choice taw or large marble. [Contraction of _alabaster_, of which it was originally made.]

ALL-FIRED, awl-f[=i]rd', _adj._ (_slang_) infernal.--_adv._ excessively. [A softening of _hell-fired_, U.S.]

ALL-FOOLS'-DAY, awl-f[=oo]lz'-d[=a], _n._ April first. [From the sportive deceptions practised on that day.]

ALL-FOURS, awl-f[=o]rz', _n.pl._ (preceded by _on_) on four legs, or on two hands and two feet: a game at cards played by two, so called from the four particulars by which the reckoning is made--_high_, _low_, _Jack_, and _the game_: also a game at dominoes.

ALL-HAIL, awl-h[=a]l', _interj._ all health! a phrase of salutation. [See HAIL, interj.]

ALL-HALLOW, awl-hal'l[=o], ALL-HALLOWS, awl-hal'l[=o]z, _n._ the day of all the holy ones. See ALL-SAINTS. [ALL and HALLOW.]

ALL-HALLOW-MASS. See HALLOW-MASS.

ALL-HALLOWN, awl-hal'l[=o]n, _n._ (_Shak._) fine summer weather late in the season--near All-hallows-day.

ALL-HALLOW-TIDE, awl-hal'l[=o]-t[=i]d, _n._ the time near All-hallows-day. [See HALLOW and TIDE.]

ALLHEAL, awl-h[=e]l', _n._ (_obs._) a balsam for all wounds, a panacea--applied to various plants, as the mistletoe, the great valerian, &c.

ALLIACEOUS, al-li-[=a]'shus, _adj._ pertaining to, or having the properties of allium or garlic. [L. _allium_, garlic.]

ALLIANCE, al-l[=i]'ans, _n._ state of being allied: union by marriage or treaty. [See ALLY.]

ALLIGATION, al-li-g[=a]'shun, _n._ (_arith._) a rule for finding the price of a compound of ingredients of different values. [L. _alligatio_, a binding together--_ad_, to, and _lig[=a]re_, to bind.]

ALLIGATOR, al'li-g[=a]-tur, _n._ an animal of the crocodile genus, found in America. [Sp. _el lagarto_--L. _lacerta_, a lizard.]

ALLINEATION, ALINEATION, al-lin-e-[=a]'shun, _n._ the position of two or more bodies in a straight line with a given point.

ALLISION, al-lizh'un, _n._ a striking against. [L. _allisio_, from _allid[)e]re_--_ad_, and _læd[)e]re_, to hurt.]

ALLITERATION, al-lit-[.e]r-[=a]'shun, _n._ the recurrence of the same letter at the beginning of two or more words following close to each other, as in Churchill's '_a_pt _a_lliteration's _a_rtful _a_id:' the recurrence of the same initial sound in the first accented syllables of words: initial rhyme--the characteristic structure of versification of Old English and Teutonic languages generally. Every alliterative couplet had two accented syllables, containing the same initial consonants, one in each of the two sections.--_v.i._ ALLIT'ERATE, to begin with the same letter: to constitute alliteration.--_adj._ ALLIT'ERATIVE. [Fr.--L. _ad_, to, and _litera_, a letter.]

ALLOCATE, al'lo-k[=a]t, _v.t._ to place: to assign to each his share.--_n._ ALLOC[=A]'TION, act of allocating: allotment: an allowance made upon an account. [L. _alloc[=a]re_, _ad_, to, and _loc[=a]re_, _locus_, a place.]

ALLOCUTION, al-lo-k[=u]'shun, _n._ a formal address, esp. of the Pope to his clergy. [L. _allocutionem_--_ad_, to, and _loqui_, _locutus_, to speak.]

ALLODIAL, al-l[=o]'di-al, _adj._ held independent of a superior: freehold--opp. to _Feudal_.

ALLODIUM, al-l[=o]'di-um, _n._ freehold estate: land held in the possession of the owner without being subject to a feudal superior.--Also ALLOD, ALOD. [Low L. _all[=o]dium_--Ger. _alôd_, _allôd_.]

ALLOGRAPH, al'l[=o]-graf, _n._ a writing made by one person on behalf of another. [Gr. _allos_, other, _graph[=e]_, writing.]

ALLOPATHY, al-lop'a-thi, _n._ a name given by homeopathists to the current or orthodox medical practice, to distinguish it from their own Homeopathy.--_adj._ ALLOPATH'IC--_ns._ ALLOP'ATHIST, ALLOPATH. [Coined by Hahnemann (1755-1843), Ger. _allopathie_--Gr. _allos_, other, _patheia_, _pathos_, suffering.]

ALLOPHYLIAN, al-l[=o]-f[=i]l'i-an, _adj._ of another race, alien--applied by Prichard (1786-1848) to the Turanian or non-Aryan and non-Semitic languages of Europe and Asia.--_n._ ALLOPHYLE'. [L.--Gr. _alloph[=y]los_, of another tribe; _allos_, other, _ph[=y]l[=e]_, a tribe.]

ALLOT, al-lot', _v.t._ to divide as by lot: to distribute in portions: to parcel out:--_pr.p._ allot'ting; _pa.p._ allot'ted.--_n._ ALLOT'MENT, the act of allotting: part or share allotted: a portion of a field assigned to a cottager to labour for himself. [O. Fr. _aloter_; _lot_ is Teut., seen in Goth. _hlauts_, A.S. _hlot_.]

ALLOTROPY, al-lot'ro-pi, _n._ the property in some elements, as carbon, of existing in more than one form.--_adj._ ALLOT'ROPIC. [Gr.; _allos_, another, and _tropos_, form.]

ALLOVERISHNESS, awl-[=o]'v[.e]r-ish-nes, _n._ a general sense of indisposition over the whole body, a feeling of discomfort, malaise.--_adj._ ALL[=O]'VERISH.

ALLOW, al-low', _v.t._ to grant: to permit: to acknowledge: to abate: make allowance for: (_obs._) invest, entrust: assert, say (_coll._ in U.S.).--_adj._ ALLOW'ABLE, that may be allowed: not forbidden: lawful.--_n._ ALLOW'ABLENESS.--_adv._ ALLOW'ABLY.--_n._ ALLOW'ANCE, that which is allowed: a limited portion of anything: a stated quantity--of money, &c., to meet expenses: abatement: approbation: permission.--_v.t._ to put any one upon an allowance: to supply anything in limited quantities.--TO MAKE ALLOWANCE FOR, to take excusing circumstances into account. [O. Fr. _alouer_, to grant--L. _ad_, to, and _loc[=a]re_, to place.--ALLOW, in the sense of _approve_ or _sanction_, as used in _B._ and by old writers, has its root in L. _allaud[=a]re_--_ad-_, and _laud[=a]re_, to praise.]

ALLOY, al-loi', _v.t._ to mix one metal with another: to reduce the purity of a metal by mixing a baser one with it: (_fig._) to debase: to temper or qualify.--_n._ a mixture of two or more metals (when mercury is one of the ingredients, it is an _amalgam_): a baser metal mixed with a finer: anything that deteriorates.--_n._ ALLOY'AGE, the act of alloying or mixing metals: a mixture of different metals. [O. Fr. _alei_ (Fr. _aloi_), _aleier_--L. _allig[=a]re_. The modern Fr. words _aloi_ and _aloyer_ were confounded with Fr. _à loi_, to law, and the same confusion was transferred into English.]

ALL-SAINTS'-DAY, awl-s[=a]nts'-d[=a], _n._ November 1, a feast of the Church in honour of all the saints collectively. [See ALL-HALLOWS.]

ALL-SOULS'-DAY, awl-s[=o]lz'-d[=a], _n._ November 2, a feast of the Roman Catholic Church kept in commemoration of all the faithful departed, for the eternal repose of their souls.

ALLSPICE, awl'sp[=i]s, _n._ a name given to a kind of spice called Pimenta or Jamaica pepper, from its being supposed to combine the flavour of cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves. [ALL and SPICE.]

ALLUDE, al-l[=u]d', _v.i._ to mention slightly, or convey an indirect reference to, in passing: to refer to.--_n._ ALL[=U]'SION, an indirect reference.--_adj._ ALLUS'IVE, alluding to: hinting at: referring to indirectly.--_adv._ ALLUS'IVELY.--ALLUSIVE ARMS (_her._), also _canting_ or _punning_ arms, and _armes parlantes_, those in which the charges convey reference to the bearer's name or title, as the column of the Colonna family, the Vele calf (O. Fr. _veël_, a calf), the Arundel martlets (O. Fr. _arondel_, a young swallow). [L. _allud[)e]re_--_ad_, at, _lud[)e]re_, _lusum_, to play.]

ALLUMETTE, al-[=u]-m[.e]t', _n._ a match for lighting. [Fr.]

ALLURE, al-l[=u]r', _v.t._ to draw on as by a lure or bait: to entice.--_n._ ALLURE'MENT.--_adj._ ALLUR'ING, enticing: seductive: charming.--_adv._ ALLUR'INGLY. [O. Fr. _alurer_--_à_, to, _lurer_, to LURE.]

ALLUVION, al-l[=u]'vi-un, _n._ land gained from the sea by the washing up of sand and earth. [L. _alluvio_--_allu[)e]re_. See ALLUVIUM.]

ALLUVIUM, al-l[=u]'vi-um, _n._ the mass of water-borne matter deposited by rivers on lower lands:--_pl._ ALL[=U]'VIA.--_adj._ ALL[=U]'VIAL. [L.--_allu[)e]re_, to wash to or on--_ad_, and _lu[)e]re_ = _lav[=a]re_, to wash.]

ALLY, al-l[=i]', _v.t._ to form a relation by marriage, friendship, treaty, or resemblance.--_pa.p._ and _adj._ ALLIED'.--_n._ ALLY (al-l[=i]', or al'l[=i]), a confederate: a prince or state united by treaty or league:--_pl._ ALL[=I]ES', or AL'L[=I]ES. [O. Fr. _alier_--L. _allig[=a]re_--_ad_, to, _lig[=a]re_, to bind.]

ALMA, ALMAH, al'ma, _n._ an Egyptian dancing-girl.--Also ALME, ALMEH. [Ar. _`almah_, learned, _`alamah_, to know.]

ALMACANTAR, al-mak-an'tar, _n._ a name for circles of altitude parallel to the horizon, and hence for an astronomical instrument for determining time and latitude. [Ar. _almuqantar[=a]t_, _qantarah_, an arch.]

ALMAGEST, al'ma-jest, _n._ a collection of problems in geometry and astronomy, drawn up by the Egyptian astronomer Ptolemy (about 140 A.D.), so named by the Arabs as the greatest and largest on the subject. [Ar. _al_, the, and Gr. _megistos_, greatest.]

ALMAIN, al'm[=a]n, _n._ (_obs._) an inhabitant of Germany: a kind of dance music in slow time. [Fr. _Allemand_--_Allemanni_, an ancient German tribe.]

ALMANAC, al'ma-nak, _n._ a register of the days, weeks, and months of the year, &c.--_n._ ALMANOG'RAPHER, an almanac-maker. [Most prob. the original of the word as in Fr., It., and Sp. was a Spanish-Arabic _al-man[=a]kh_. Eusebius has _almenichiaka_, an Egyptian word, prob. sig. 'daily observation of things,' but the history of the word has not been traced, and it is hazardous without evidence to connect this with the Arabic word.]

ALMANDINE, al'man-d[=i]n, _n._ a red transparent variety of the garnet.--Also AL'MANDIN. [Earlier ALABANDINE--Low L. _alabandina_--_Alabanda_, a town in Caria, a province of Asia Minor, where it was found.]

ALMIGHTY, awl-m[=i]t'i, _adj._ possessing all might or power: omnipotent: very powerful generally: (_slang_) mighty, great.--Older form ALMIGHT'.--_adv._ ALMIGHT'ILY.--_ns._ ALMIGHT'INESS, ALMIGHT'YSHIP.--THE ALMIGHTY, God; THE ALMIGHTY DOLLAR, a phrase of Washington Irving's, expressive of the greatness of the power of money. [A.S. _ælmeahtig_. See ALL and MIGHTY.]

ALMNER, an old spelling of ALMONER.

ALMOND, ä'mund, _n._ the fruit of the almond-tree.--_n.pl._ ALMONDS (ä'mundz), the tonsils or glands of the throat, so called from their resemblance to the fruit of the almond-tree. [O. Fr. _almande_ (Fr. _amande_)--L. _amygdalum_--Gr. _amygdal[=e]_.]

ALMONER, al'mun-[.e]r, _n._ a distributer of alms.--_n._ AL'MONRY, the place where alms are distributed. [O. Fr. _aumoner_, _aumonier_ (Fr. _aumônier_)--Low L. _eleemosynarius_ (adj.). See ALMS.]

ALMOST, awl'm[=o]st, _adv._ nearly, all but, very nearly. [ALL and MOST.]

ALMRY, äm'ri, _n._ Same as ALMONRY.

ALMS, ämz, _n._ relief given out of pity to the poor.--_ns._ ALMS'-DEED, a charitable deed; ALMS'-DRINK (_Shak._), leavings of drink; ALMS'-FEE, an annual tax of one penny on every hearth, formerly sent from England to Rome, Peter's pence; ALMS'HOUSE, a house endowed for the support and lodging of the poor; ALMS'-MAN, a man who lives by alms. [A.S. _ælmysse_, through Late L., from Gr. _ele[=e]mosyn[=e]_--_eleos_, compassion. Dr Murray notes the Scot. and North Country _almous_, _awmous_, as an independent adoption of the cognate Norse _almusa_; and the legal ALMOIGN, ALMOIN, perpetual tenure by free gift of charity, from O. Fr., perhaps due to a confusion with _alimonium_.]

ALMUCE, an early form of AMICE.

ALMUG, al'mug, _n._ the wood of a tree described in the Bible as brought from Ophir in the time of Solomon, for the house and temple at Jerusalem, and for musical instruments--probably the red sandalwood of India. [Heb. _algummîm_, _almuggîm_. The better form is ALGUM.]

ALOE, al'[=o], _n._ a genus of plants of considerable medicinal importance, of the 200 species of which as many as 170 are indigenous to the Cape Colony.--The so-called American Aloe is a totally different plant (see AGAVE).--_adj._ AL'OED, planted or shaded with aloes.--The ALOES WOOD of the Bible was the heart-wood of _Aquilaria ovata_ and _Aquilaria Agallochum_, large spreading trees. The wood contains a dark-coloured, fragrant, resinous substance, much prized for the odour it diffuses in burning. [The word was used erroneously in the Septuagint and New Testament as a translation of the Heb. _ah[=a]l[=i]m_, _ah[=a]l[=o]th_ (Gr. _agallochon_), an aromatic resin or wood--called later in Gr. _xylalo[=e]_, from which descend _lignum aloes_, _lign-aloes_, _wood-aloes_, and _aloes-wood_.--A.S. _aluwan_--L. _alo[=e]_--Gr. _alo[=e]_.]

ALOES, al'[=o]z, a purgative bitter drug, the inspissated juice of the leaves of several almost tree-like species of aloe. Used both as a _sing. n._, and as a _pl._ of ALOE.--_n._ and _adj._ ALOET'IC, a medicine containing a large proportion of aloes.

ALOFT, a-loft', _adv._ on high: overhead: at a great height: (_naut._) above the deck, at the masthead: sometimes used as equivalent to _aloof_ (_Mad. D'Arblay_). [Scand.; Icel. _á lopt_ (pron. _loft_), expressing motion; _á lopti_, expressing positio_n._ Pfx. _a-_ = Icel. _á_ = A.S. _on_, in. See LOFT.]

ALONE, al-[=o]n', _adj._ single: solitary: alone of its kind: of itself, or by themselves.--_adv._ singly, by one's self only.--_n._ ALONE'NESS [ALL and ONE.]

ALONG, a-long', _adv._ by or through the length of: lengthwise: throughout: onward: (fol. by _with_) in company of.--_prep._ by the side of: near.--_n.pl._ ALONG'SHORE-MEN, labourers employed about the docks or wharves in the Thames and other rivers.--_prep._ ALONG'SIDE, by the side, beside.--ALONG OF, (_arch._ or _dial._) owing to. [A.S. _andlang_--pfx. _and-_, against, and _lang_, LONG.]

ALONGST, a-longst', _prep._ (_obs._ except _dial._) along: by the length. [M. E. _alongest_, from _along_, with adv. gen. _-es_.]

ALOOF, a-l[=oo]f', _adv._ at a distance: apart.--_n._ ALOOF'NESS, withdrawal from common action or sympathy. [Pfx. _a-_ (--A.S. _on_), on, and LOOF, prob. Dut. _loef._ See LUFF.]

ALOPECIA, al-o-p[=e]'si-a, _n._ baldness: a skin-disease producing this. [Gr. _alopekia_, fox-mange.]

ALOUD, a-lowd', _adv._ with a loud voice: loudly. [Prep. _a_ (--A.S. _on_), and _hlúd_, noise; Ger. _laut_.]

ALOW, a-l[=o]', _adv._ in a low place--opp. to _Aloft_.

ALOW, al-low', _adv._ (_Scot._) ablaze. [Prep. _a_, and LOW, a flame.]

ALP, alp, _n._ a high mountain:--_pl._ ALPS, specially applied to the lofty ranges of Switzerland.--_adjs._ ALP'EN; ALPINE (alp'in, or alp'[=i]n), pertaining to the Alps, or to any lofty mountains: very high.--_ns._ AL'PINIST, ALPES'TRIAN, one devoted to Alpine climbing. [L.; of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. _alp_, a mountain; allied to L. _albus_, white (with snow).]