Chapter XVII: Appendix: III

LIST OF IMPORTANT SUFFIXES

+I. DERIVATION OF NOUNS.+

(i.) TOR (-SOR), M. } +Agent+ or +doer+ of an action
-TRIX, F. }

ac-tor = _doer_, formed from [Rt]ag = _do_.
auc-tor = _maker_ " [Rt]aug = _increase_.
vic-tor = _conqueror_ " [Rt]vic = _conquer_.
petî-tor = _candidate_ " [Rt]pet = _seek_.
ton-sor = _barber_ " [Rt]tem = _cut_.

(ii.) +Abstract+ Nouns and +Names+ of +Actions+.

-OR, -SUS (= -TUS), M.
-ÊS, -IA (-IES), -TIA (-TIES), -IÔ, -TIÔ,} F.
-TÂS, -TÛS, -TÛDÔ, -DÔ, -GÔ, -NIA, }
-US, -IUM, -ITIUM, -NIUM, -LIUM, -CINIUM, N.

t[)i]m-or = _fear_ formed from t[)i]m-ere = _to fear_.
sen-sus = _feeling_ " sent-ire = _to feel_.
sêd-ês = _seat_ " s[)e]d-êre = _to sit_.
audâc-ia = _boldness_ " audax = _bold_.
segn[)i]t-ies = _laziness_ " segnis = _lazy_.
trist[)i]-tia = _sadness_ " tristis = _sad_.
l[)e]g-io = _a collecting_ } " l[)e]g-ere
a legion_ } = _to collect_.
s[)a]lûtâ-tio = _a greeting_ " salutare = _to greet_.
b[)o]n[)i]-tas = _goodness_ " bonus = _good_.
s[)e]nec-tûs = _age_ " senex = _old_.
magni-tudo = _greatness_ " magnus = _great_.
cupî-dô = _desire_ " cupere = _to desire_.
vertî-go = _a turning_ } " vertere = _to turn_.
_giddiness_ }
p[)e]cû-nia = _money (chattels)_ " pecus = _cattle_.
g[)e]n-us = _race_, _birth_ " [Rt]gen = _to be born_.
ausp[)i]c-ium = an _omen_ " { auspex = _a soothsayer_.
{ avis + spicio
gaud-ium = _joy_ " gaudêre = _to rejoice_.
l[)-a]tro-cinium = _robbery_ " latro = _robber_.
aux[)i]-lium = _help_ " augêre = _to increase_.

(iii.) +Nouns+ denoting +acts+, or +means+ and +results of acts+.

-MÔNIA, F.; -MEN, -MENTUM, -MÔNIUM, N.

qu[)e]ri-monia = _complaint_, formed from qu[)e]ri = _to complain_.
ag-men = _line of march_} " agere [Rt]ag = _to lead_.
_band_ }
m[)o]n[)u]-mentum = a _memorial_, " mon-êre = _to remind_.
nô-men = a _name_ " [Rt]gno = _to know_.

(iv.) Nouns denoting means or instrument.

-B[)U]LUM, -C[)U]LUM, -BRUM, -CRUM, -TRUM, N.

stâ-bulum = _stall_ formed from stare = _to stand_.
v[)e]h[)i]-c[)u]lum = _wagon_ " vehere = _to carry_.
s[)e]pul-crum = _tomb_ " sepelîre = _to bury_.
[)a]râ-trum = _plough_ " arâre = _to plough_.

+II. DERIVATION OF ADJECTIVES.+

(i.) +Adjectives+ expressing +diminution+, and used as +Diminutive Nouns+.

-[)U]LUS, -[)O]LUS, -C[)U]LUS, -ELLUS, -ILLUS.

rîv-ulus = a _streamlet_ formed from rîvus = a _brook_.
fîl[)i]-olus = a _little son_ " filius = a _son_.
mûnus-culum = a _little gift_ " munus = a _gift_.
côdic-illi = _writing tablets_ " codex
= a _block of wood_.
l[)i]b-ellus = a _little book_ " l[)i]ber = a _book_.

(ii.) +Patronymics+, indicating +descent+ or +relationship+.

-ADES, -[)I]DES, -ÎDES, -EUS, M.

-AS, -IS, -EIS, F.

Atlanti-adês = _Mercury_ } formed from Atlas.
Atlant-id[)e]s = the _Pleiads_ }
T[-y]d-îdês = _Diomedes_ " Tydeus.
Cissê-is = _Hecuba_ " Cisseus.

(iii.) +Adjectives+ meaning +full of, prone to+.

-ÔSUS, -LENS, -LENTUS.

form-ôsus = _beautiful_ formed from forma = _beauty_.
pesti-lens = _pestilent_ " pestis = _plague_.
v[)i][)o]-lentus = _violent_ " vis = _force_.

(iv.) +Adjectives+ meaning +provided with+.

-TUS, -ÂTUS, -ÎTUS, -ÛTUS.

fûnes-tus = _deadly_ formed from funus (funer-) = _death_.
barb-âtus = _bearded_ " barba = a _beard_.
turr-îtus = _turreted_ " turris = a _tower_.
corn-ûtus = _horned_ " cornu = a _horn_.

(v.) +Adjectives+ meaning +made of+ or +belonging to+, or +pertaining to+.

-EUS, -[)I]US, -ÂNEUS, -T[)I]CUS,
-ÂLIS, -ÂRIS, -ÎLIS, -ÛLIS,
-ÂNUS, -ÊNUS, -ÎNUS, -ENSIS,
-TER (-TRIS), -ESTER (-ESTRIS), -T[)I]MUS,
-ERNUS, -URNUS, -TURNUS (-TERNUS).

aur-eus = _golden_ formed from aurum = _gold_.
patr-ius = _paternal_ " pater = a _father_.
subterr-aneus = _subterranean_ " sub terrâ = _underground_.
d[)o]mes-ticus = _domestic_ " domus = a _house_.
nâtûr-âlis = _natural_ " natura = _nature_.
p[)o]p[)u]l-aris = _fellow-countryman_ " populus = a _people_.
v[)e]t[)e]r-ânus = _veteran_ " vetus (veter-) = _old_.
s[)e]r-ênus = _calm_, _of " serus = _late_.
evening stillness_
dîv-înus = _divine_ " divus = _god_.
f[)o]r-ensis = _of the forum_ " forum = _a market-place_.
lac-teus = _milky_ " lac (lacti-) = _milk_.
subl-icius = _resting " sublica = a _pile_.
on piles_
p[)a]lus-ter = _marshy_ " palûs = a _marsh_.
silv-ester = _woody_ " silva = a _wood_.
fîn[)i]-timus = _neighbouring_ " finis = a _boundary_.
ver-nus = _vernal_ " vêr = _spring_.
d[)i]-urnus = _daily_ " dies = _day_.
diû-turnus = _lasting_ " diû = _long_ (time).

(vi.) +Adjectives+ expressing the action of the Verb as +a quality+ or +tendency+.

-AX, -[)I]DUS, -[)U]LUS, -VUS (-UUS, -ÎVUS, -TÎVUS).

pugn-ax = _pugnacious_ formed from pugnare = _to fight_.
c[)u]p-idus = _eager_ " cupere = _to desire_.
b[)i]b-ulus = _thirsty_ " bibere = _to drink_.
(of sand etc.)
n[)o]c-uus = _hurtful_ " nocêre = _to hurt_.
cap-tivus = _captive_ " capere = _to take_.

(vii.) +Adjectives+ expressing +passive qualities+ but +occasionally active+.

-ILIS, -B[)I]LIS, -[)I]US, -TÎLIS.

fr[)a]g-ilis = _frail_ formed from frangere = _to break_.
[Rt]frag
nô-bilis = _well known_ " noscere = _to know_.
[Rt]gno
ex[)i]m-ius = _choice_, _rare_ " eximere = _take out_.
tex-tilis = _woven_ " texere = _to weave_.

(viii.) +Adjectives originally gerundives.+

-NDUS, -BUNDUS, -CUNDUS.

s[)e]cu-ndus = _second (the } formed from sequi =_to follow_.
following)_, }
_favourable_ }
m[)o]r[)i]-bundus = _dying_ " mori = _to die_.
fâ-cundus = _eloquent_ " fa-ri = _to speak_.

+III. NOUNS WITH ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES.+

-ÂRIUS, denotes +person employed about+ anything.

argent-ârius = _silversmith_, formed from argentum = _silver_.
_banker_

-ÂRIUM, denotes +place of+ a thing.

aer-arium = _treasury_ formed from aes = _copper_.

-ÎLE denotes +stall of an animal+.

b[)o]v-île = _cattle-stall_ formed from bôs (b[)o]v-) = _ox_.
[)o]v-île = _sheep-fold_ " ovis = _sheep_.

-ÊTUM denotes +place where a tree or plant grows+.

querc-êtum = _oak-grove_ formed from quercus = _an oak_.

+IV. DERIVATION OF VERBS.+

(i.) +From Nouns and Adjectives.+

st[)i]m[)u]lo, -âre = _to goad_, formed from stimulus = _a goad_.
_incite_
n[)o]vo, -âre = _to renew_ " novus = _new_.
v[)i]g[)i]lo, -âre = _to watch_ " vigil = _awake_.
albeo, -êre = _to be white_ " albus = _white_.
m[)e]tuo, -ere = _to fear_ " metus = _fear_.
[)a]cuo, -ere = _to sharpen_ " acus = _needle_.
môlior, -îri = _to toil_ " moles = _mass_.
custôdio, -îre = _to guard _ " custos (custod-)
= _guardian_.

(ii.) +Verbs from other Verbs.+

-SCO denotes the +beginning+ of an action. (Third Conjugation.)

l[)a]bâ-sco = _begin to totter_ formed from labo = _totter_.
mîtê-sco = _grow mild_ " mîtis = _mild_.

-TO, -[)I]TO, (rarely -SÔ), -ESSO, denote +forcible or repeated action+.

iac-to, -[)a]re = _hurl_ formed from iacio = _throw_.
quas-so, âre = _shatter_ " quatio = _shake_.
f[)a]c-esso, -[)e]re = _do_ " facio = _do_.
(with energy)

-T[)U]RIO (-S[)U]RIO) denotes +longing or wishing+.

par-turio, -îre = { _to bring forth_ formed from pario
{ _produce_ = _bring forth_.
ê-surio = _to be hungry_ " edo
(= _ed-turio_) = _to eat_.