Chapter VII: Introduction: Short Grammar of Old Japanese (4)

21 _iyu_ = passive of _i_, aim at, shoot; like _miyu_ from _mi_, see; _kikoyu_ from _kiku_, hear.

27 The Kogi interpolates the verses _me goto mo tayete_ | _nubatama no_--_nubatama_ being itself a m. k. _Kagirohino_ is a m. k. of _moyetsuru_, see List m. k., also K. 288.

The construction of the _uta_ offers no particular difficulty.

For _hashimukafu_, _hafutsutano_, _amakumono_, _yamiyonasu_, _ashikakino_, _umasahafu_, _nubatamano_, _kagirohino_ see List m. k.

124

Katsushika no Mama no wotome wo yomeru uta.

Toriganaku 1
Adzuma no kuni ni
inishihe ni
arikeru koto to
ima made ni 5
tayezu ihitaru
Katsushika no
Mama no tekona ga
asakinu ni
awoyeri tsuke 10
hitase-wo wo
mo ni ha orikite
kami dani mo
kaki ha kedzurazu
katsu wo dani 15
hakazu arukedo
nishiki aya no
naka ni kukumeru
ihahi ko mo
imo ni shikame ya 20
mochi-tsuki no
tareru omowa ni
hana no goto
wemite tatareba
natsu mushi no 25
hi ni iru ga goto
minato iri ni
fune kogu gotoku
yuki-kagahi
hito no tofu toki 30
ikubaku mo
ikerazhi mono wo
nani su to ka
mi wo tanashirite
nami no ’to mo 35
sawaku minato no
okutsuki ni
imo ga koyaseru
tohoki yo ni
arikeru koto wo 40
kinofu shi mo
mikemu ga goto mo
omohoyuru ka mo!

Katsushika no 1
Mama no wi mireba
tachi narashi
midzu kumashikeru
tekona shi omohoyu. 5

23 This reading differs from Motowori’s, which is _yori-kagure_, _yuki_ = _yuki-kaheri_, involving frequency of the action denoted by _kagahi_ = _kake-ahi_, i.e. the meeting of both sexes.

33, 34 are more intelligible if _ka_ is read after _tanashirite_.

3 to stand treading on the ground, stand awhile there--or to stand as usual there or stand often there?

For _toriganaku_ see List m. k.

125

Unahi wotome ga haka wo mite [yomeru].

Ashinoya no 1
Unahi wotome no
ya tose ko mo
kata-ohi no toki yo
wo-hanari ni 5
kami taku made ni
narabi woru
ihe ni mo miyezu
utsuyufuno
komorite maseba 10
miteshikado
ifusemi toki no
kakihonasu
hito no tofu toki
Chinu wotoko 15
Unahi wotoko no
fuseyataki
susushiki kihohi
ahi-yobahi
shikeru toki ni 20
yaki-tachi no
takami oshineri
shira mayumi
yuki tori ohite
midzu ni iri 25
hi ni mo iramu to
tachi-mukahi
kihoheru toki ni
wagimoko ga
haha ni kataraku 30
shidzu ta-maki
iyashiki a ga yuwe
masurawono
arasofu mireba
ikeritomo 35
afubeku arame ya
shishikushiro
yomi ni matamu to
komorinuno
shitabahe okite 40
uchi nageki
imo ga yukereba
Chinu wotoko
sono yo ime ni mi
tori tsudzuki 45
ohi yukereba
okuretaru
Unahi wotoko-i
ame afugi
sakebi orabi 50
tsuchi ni fushi
kikamu takebite
mokoro wo ni
makete ha arazhi to
kakihaki no 55
wo-tachi tori-haki
tokorotsura
tadzune yukereba
ya gara dochi
i-yuki tsudohi 60
nagaki yo ni
shirushi ni semu to
to hoki yo ni
katari tsugamu to
wotome haka 65
naka ni tsukuri oki
wotoko haka
konata kanata ni
tsukuri okeru
yuweyoshi kikite 70
shiranedomo
nihi mo no goto mo
ne nakitsuru ka mo!

Haka no ’he no 1
ko no ye nabikeri
kikishi goto
Chinu wotoko ni shi
yori ni kerashi mo. 5

2 _Unahi_ is in Musashi.

5 _wo-hanari_, little (term of endearment) parted [locks].

12 _ifusemi_, _ibusemi_, here = anxious, impatient.

15 _Chinu_ is in Idzumi, mentioned both in K. and N.

23 _mayumi_, Euonymus Hamiltoniana, Max.

24 _yuki_, quiver (_yumi-oki_?).

29 _wagimoko_ = _waga imoho_, here means _their_ mistress, i.e. _Unahi no wotome_.

40 _shitabahe_ = undercreep--_okite_, secretly.

47 _okuretaru_, being behind, the Unahi wotoko was jealous of his rival being the first to follow their mistress in death.

48 _wotoko-i_. Dr. Aston thinks this _i_ may be the Korean particle.

53 _mokoro wo ni_--_hito no gotoku ni_.

56 _wo-tachi_, small sword, dagger.

59 _ya gara dochi_ = _shinzoku_.

For _utsuyufuno_, _kakihonasu_, _fuseyataki_, _masurawono_, _shishikushiro_, _komorinuno_, _tokorotsura_ see List m. k.

MAKI X, KAMI

Natsu no kusagusa no uta.

126

Tori wo yomeru.

Masurawono 1
idetachi mukafu
Furuzato no
Kaminabi yama ni
akekureba 5
tsumi no sayeda ni
yufu sareba
ko-matsu ga ure ni
sato-bito no
kaki-kofuru made 10
yama-biko no
aho-toyomu made
hototogisu
tsuma kohisurashi
sayo naka ni naku! 15

For _masurawono_ see List m. k.

MAKI X, NAKA

127

Ame tsuchi no 1
hazhime no toki yo
ama no kaha
i-mukahi worite
hito tose ni 5
futa tabi ahanu
tsuma-kohi ni
mono omofu hito
Ama no kaha
Yasu no kahara no 10
ari-gayofu
toshi no watari ni
ohobune no
tomo ni mo he ni mo
funa-yosohi 15
ma kaji shizhi nuki
hatasusuki
[ura]ba mo soyo ni
aki-kaze no
fukitaru yohi ni 20
Ama no kaha
shiranami shinugi
ochi-tagitsu
hayase watarite
wakakusano 25
tsuma wo makamu to
ohobuneno
omohi tanomite
kogi kuramu
sono tsuma no ko ga 30
aratamano
toshi no wo nagaku
omohi-koshi
kohi tsukusuramu
fumi tsuki no 35
nanuka no yohi ha
are mo kanashi mo!

4 _i-mukahi_, _i_ is a prefix: see grammar.

32 _toshi no wo_, thread (line, course) of years.

35 _fumi_ = _[ho wo] fufumi_, full of [rice-]ears, an old name of the seventh month, ending about the middle of August.

For _wakakusano_, _ohobuneno_, _aratamano_ see List m. k.

128

Ame tsuchi to 1
wakareshi toki yo
hisakatano
amatsu shirushi to
sadameteshi 5
ama no kahara ni
aratamano
tsuki wo kasanete
imo ni afu
toki samorafu to 10
tachi-matsu ni
aga koromo-de ni
aki-kaze no
fukishi kahereba
tachite wiru 15
tadoki wo shirani
murakimono
kokoro i[sa] yo[hi]
tokikinuno
omohi midarete 20
itsushika to
aga matsu ko-yohi
kono kaha no
yuku-se mo nagaku,
ari[kose] nu ka mo! 25

10 _sôrô_ (mod. Jap.).

14 blow and blow.

25 _ari koso ne[gafu] ka mo_.

For _hisakatano_, _aratamano_, _murakimono_, _tokikinuno_ see List m. k.

MAKI XIII, KAMI

129

Fuyukomori 1
haru sari-kureba
ashita ni ha
shira-tsuyu oki
yufu ni ha 5
kasumi tanabiku
Hatsuse no ya
konure ga shita ni
uguisu naku mo.

7 This is the Kogi reading. Other readings are _kaze no fuku_, _ame no furu_.

8 _konure_ = _ko_ (_ki_) _no ure_.

For _fuyukomori_ see List m. k.

130

Mimoro ha 1
hito no moru yama
moto he ha
ashibi hana saki
suwe he ha 5
tsubaki hana saku
uraguhashi yama so
naku ko moru yama.

2 _moru_ = _mamoru_, guard, watch (allusion originally, perhaps, to watchmen in charge of mountain beacons).

6, 7, 8 All heptasyllabic.

8 what weeping children regard (with delight that soothes their grief).

131

Ama-girahi 1
wataru hi kakushi
nagatsuki no
shigure no fureba
kari ga ne mo 5
tomoshiku ki-naku
Kamunabi no
kiyoki mi ta ya no
kaki tsu ta no
ike no tsutsumi no 10
momotarazu
i tsuki ga yeda ni
midzu ye sasu
aki no momiji-ba
maki-motaru 15
wo-suzu mo yura ni
tawayame ni
are ha aredomo
hiki-yojite
yeda mo towowo ni 20
uchi-tawori
a ha mochite yuku
kimi ga kazashi ni.

5 Or _karigane_.

6 _tomoshiku_, deficient, hence rare, hence fine.

9 m. k. of _i_.

12 _i_ = 50.

13 _midzu_, shining, fine.

15, 16 are epithetical of _ta_ in _tawayame_.

22, 23 Here we have inversion.

For _momotarazu_ see List m. k.

132

Amakumono 1
kage sahe miyuru
komorikuno
Hatsuse no kaha ha
ura nami ka 5
fune no yori-konu
iso nami ka
ama no tsuri senu
yoshiweyashi
ura ha naku tomo 10
yoshiweyashi
iso ha nakutomo
okitsu nami
kihohi kogiri-ko
ama no tsuribune! 15

2 may mean reflecting the brightness of the clouds.

5, 6 also 7, 8 may be read transposed.

9 may be rendered ‘howbeit’.

14 _kogi iri ko_--_ko_ is imperative of _kuru_.

For _amakumono_, _komorikuno_ see List m. k.

133

Ashiharano 1
Midzuho no kuni no
tamuke su to
amorimashikemu
iho-yorodzu 5
chi-yorodzu kami no
kami-yo yori
ihi-tsuki-kitaru
Kamunabi no
Mimoro no yama ha 10
haru sareba
haru kasumi tachi
aki yukeba
kurenawi nihofu
Kamunabi no 15
Mimoro no kami no
obi ni seru
Asuka no kaha no
mi wo hayami
mushi-tame-gataki 20
iha ga ne ni
koke masu made ni
arata yo no
sakiku kayohamu
koto hakari 25
ime ni mise koso
tsurugitachi
ihahi-matsureru
kami nishi maseba.

1-7 are introductory to 8.

14 _nihofu_ may be an intensitive of _nihi_, be fresh, &c.; its root-meaning seems to be rather a state of vigour than of mere fragrance.

19 _mi wo_ = watercourse.

20 = _musubi-tame-gataki_, hard for anything to grow and endure upon; applied to _iha ga ne_.

22 A common, almost proverbial phrase.

23 = nights to come; read with _ime ni_, &c.

25 = _shimichi_, _shikata_, ‘do-way, do-method’, settled or regular order or sequence of affairs, conduct, &c.

134

Nusa matsuri 1
Nara yori idete
midzutade
Hodzumi ni itari
tonamiharu 5
Sakate wo sugi
ihabashiru
Kaminabi yama ni
asa miya ni
tsukahematsurite 10
Yoshinu he to
irimasu mireba
inishihe omohoyu.

Tsuki hi ha 1
yukikaharedomo
hisa ni furu
Mimoro no yama no
totsu-miya tokoro. 5

1 Epithet of Nara. Another reading is _mitegura mote_--_Nara yori idzuru_.

For _midzutade_, _tonamiharu_, _ihabashiru_ see List m. k.

135

Wono torite 1
Nifu no hi yama no
ki-kori kite
ikada ni tsukuri
ma kaji nuki 5
iso kogi tami-tsutsu
shima-dzutahi
miredomo akazu
Yoshinu no
tagi mo todoro ni 10
otsuru shiranami.

Mi Yoshinu no 1
tagi mo todoro ni
otsuru shiranami
todome ni shi
imo ni misemaku 5
hoshiki shiranami.

136

Yasumishishi 1
wago ohokimi
takahikaru
hi no miko no
kikoshi-wosu 5
miko tsu kuni
kamu kaze no
Ise no kuni ha
yama mireba
takaku tafutoshi 10
kaha mireba
sayakeku kiyoshi
minatonasu
umi wo hiroshi
mi-watasu 15
shima mo takashi
[soko wo shi mo
uraguhashimi ka]
koko wo shi mo
maguhashimi ka mo 20
kakemaku mo
aya ni kashikoki
Yamabe no
Ishi no hara ni
uchihisasu 25
ohomiya tsukahe
asahi nasu
maguhashi mo
yufu-hi nasu
uraguwashi mo 30
haru yama no
shinahi-sakayete
aki yama no
iro natsukashiki
momoshikino 35
ohomiya hito ha
ame tsuchi to
hi tsuki to tomo ni
yorodzu yo ni mo ka!

15 _mi-watasu_, an assumptive phrase to be read with _shima_.

17, 18 introduced by the Kogi to replace a supposed lost passage.

18 _ura-_ explained as = _kokoro_, inner, deeper.

21, 22 refer to _ohomiya_ (26).

25 _uchi_ = _utsukushiki_ (?).

1-7 epithetical of _Ise no kuni_; 7-20 describe the beauty of the Land of Ise; 21-34 the delightfulness of the Palace and its situation; 35 to end, the usual hope for the endurance of the happy state described.

For _yasumishishi_, _takahikaru_, _minatonasu_, _uchihisasu_, _momoshikino_ see List m. k.

137

Soramitsu 1
Yamato no kuni
awoniyoshi
Na[ra] yama koyete
Yamashiro no 5
Tsutsuki no hara
chihayaburu
Uji no watari
Taginoya no
Agone no hara wo 10
chi tose ni
kakuru koto naku
yorodzu yo ni
ari-kayohamu to
Yamashina no 15
Ihata no mori no
sume kami ni
nusa tori mukete
are ha koye-yuku
Afusakayama wo. 20

5-14 to be read as parenthetical between _koyete_ and _Yamashina no_.

12 _kakuru_, be defective, be a break in.

138

Awoniyoshi 1
Nara yama sugite
mononofuno
Ujikaha watari
wotomerani 5
Afusaka yama ni
tamuke-gusa
nusa tori okite
wagimokoni
Afumi no umi no 10
okitsu nami
ki-yosu hamabe wo
kure-kure to
hitori so aga koshi
imo ga me wo hori. 15

15 = (_koshi_) _imo wo ahi-mimahoshiku_.

For _awoniyoshi_, _mononofuno_, _wotomerani_, _wagimokoni_ see List m. k.

139

Afumi no ’mi 1
tomari a-so ari
Yasoshimano
shima no saki-zaki
ari-tateru 5
hana tachibana wo
hotsuye ni
mochi hiki-kake
nakatsuye ni
ikaruga kake 10
shidzu ye ni
shime wo kake
shi ga haha wo
toraku wo shirani
shi ga chichi wo 15
toraku wo shirani
i-sobahi woru yo
ikaruga to
shime to.

2 _a-so_ = _yaso_, eighty, i.e. indefinite number.

17 May be an error for _asobahi_. There is, however, a word _sobafu_, trifle, play.

For _yasoshimano_ see List m. k.

140

Ohokimi no 1
mikoto kashikomi
miredo akanu
Nara yama koyete
maki tsumu 5
Idzumi no kaha no
hayaki se ni
sawo sashi-watari
chihayaburu
Uji no watari no 10
tagi tsu se wo
mi-tsutsu watarite
Afumi-ji no
Afusaka yama ni
tamuke shite 15
aga koye yukeba
sasanamino
Shiga no Karasaki
sakiku araba
mata kaheri-mimu 20
michi no kuma
yaso kuma goto ni
nagekitsutsu
aga sugi yukeba
iya toho ni 25
sato sakari-kinu
iya taka ni
yama mo koye-kinu
tsurugitachi
saya yu nuki-dete 30
Ikako yama
ikaga aga semu
yuku he shirazute.

Ame tsuchi wo 1
nageki kohi nomi
sakiku araba
mata kaherimimu
Shiga no Karasaki. 5

18, 19 Note the jingle _Karasaki sakiku_.

29, 30 Epithetical of Ikako--by a word-jingle connected with _i-kaku_ (_kaku_, to attack).

1 i.e. _ame tsuchi no kami_.

2 _nageki kohi_, sigh and implore.

For _chihayaburu_, _sasanamino_ see List m. k.

141

Momodzutafu 1
Minu no kuni no
Takakita no
Kukuri no miya ni
tsuki ni hi ni 5
yukamashi sato wo
ari to kikite
waga kayohi-ji no
Okiso yama
Minu no yama 10
nabike to
hito ha fumedomo
kaku yore to
hito ha tsukedomo
kokoro naki 15
yama no
Okiso yama
Minu no yama.

1-7 introductory.

6 _yukamashi_, desirable to visit, not in itself but because a fair maid dwells there.

8-14 declare difficulty of traffic with his love; 15 to end, complain of the hills that bar his way to her; 11, 12 and 13, 14 reverse the order of these couplets, _hito ha fumedomo nabike to (itte) …_ and they are more intelligible.

For _momodzutafu_ see List m. k.

142

Wotomera ga 1
woke ni taretaru
umiwonasu
Nagato no ura ni
asa nagi ni 5
michi kuru shiho no
yufu nagi ni
yose kuru nami no
sono shiho no
iya masumasu ni 10
sono nami no
iya shikushiku ni
wagimoko ni
kohitsutsu kureta
Ago no umi no 15
ariso no uhe ni
hamana tsumu
ama wotome domo
unagaseru
hire mo teru-gani 20
te ni makeru
tama mo yurara ni
shirotahe no
sode furu miye tsu
ahi ’mofurashi mo! 25

1-3 form a sort of m. k. to _naga_ (Nagato); _naga_ means long, and the m. k. implies ‘long as the thread of the ball of yarn in a girl’s basket’.

20 _gani_ = _sama_, _yô_.

For _umiwonasu_ see List m. k.

143

Ama hashi no 1
nagaku mo ga mo
takayama mo
takaku mo ga mo
Tsukuyomi no 5
motaru wochi-midzu
i-tori-kite
kimi ni matsurite
wochi yeshimu mono

6 _wochi_ seems to mean renovating. There is a word-play on this _wochi_ and the homophon in the preceding line. It is explained in (I.) as _hazhime ni modoru, moto ni kaheru_.

144

Nunakaha no 1
soko naru tama
motomete
yeshi tama ka mo
hirihite 5
yeshi tama ka mo
atarashiki
kimi ga
oyuraku woshi mo!

7 _atarashiki_, here not ‘new’ but = _oshimubeshi_, what is prized, loved, regretted. See N. 362, where Dr. Aston so translates _atarashiki Winabe no takumi_, the much-to-be-regretted carpenter. But the epithet here may refer to _wi_ (well), part of the name Winabe, and probably means fresh. _Takumi_, however, is more than ‘carpenter’, rather ‘builder’ or ‘architect’.

9 _oyuraku_ = _oyu koto_, fact of being or growing old.

145

Shikishima no 1
Yamato no kuni ni
hito saha ni
michite aredomo
fujinami no 5
omohi matsuharu
wakakusano
omohi tsuki ni shi
kimi ga me ni
kohi ya akasamu 10
nagaki kono yo wo!

9 _me_ almost = person.

10 Read _akasamu_ with _yo wo_.

The m. k. _wakakusano_ (7) applies to _kimi_ (9).

146

Akitsushima 1
Yamato no kuni ha
kami kara to
kotoage senu kuni
shikaredomo 5
a ha kotoage su
ame tsuchi no
kami mo hanahada
waga omofu
kokoro shirazu ya 10
[yuku kage no]
tsuki mo he-yukeba
tamakagiru
hi mo kasanarite
omohe ka mo 15
mune yasukaranu
kofure ka mo
kokoro no itaki
suwe tsuhi ni
kimi ni ahazuba 20
waga inochi no
ikeramu kihami
kohitsutsu mo
are ha wataramu
masokagami 25
tada-me kimi wo
ahi miteba koso
aga kohi yamame.

Ohobuneno 1
omohi-tanomeru
kimi yuwe ni
tsukusu kokoro ha
woshikeku mo nashi! 5

5 i.e. _kami no kuni_.

4 _kotoage_, declare, announce--perhaps with neg. sense of ‘indescribable’.

8 Read _waga hanahada omofu_.

15, 17 _ka mo_ almost = _mo gana_.

24 _wataramu_, pass one’s days.

28 _yamame_ (_yamamu_--_yamu_), cease, stop.

5 _nashi_, written with the character, read homophonally _nashi_ (pear), is here the negative copula.

For _akitsushima_, _tamakagiru_, _ohobuneno_ see List m. k.

147

Ashiharano 1
Midzuho no kuni ha
kamu nagara
kotoage senu kuni
shikaredomo 5
kotoage so aga suru
koto sakiku
ma sakiku mase to
tsutsumi naku
sakiku imasaba 10
ariso nami
arite mo mimu to
i-ho-he nami
chihe nami shiki ni
kotoage so aga suru! 15

4, 6 _koto_ (_koto-age_) is here words, language, in 7, thing, affair. _Koto-age_ is explained (I) as _toku ni toritate ifu_, make special declaration.

11 _ariso nami_ is a word-play connected with _ari_(_te_).

148

Inishihe no 1
ihitsugi kuraku
kohi sureba
yasukaranu mono to
tamanowono 5
tsugite ha ihedo
wotomera ga
kokoro wo shirani
soko shiramu
yoshi mo nakereba 10
natsusobiku
…
…
omohi-nadzumi
karikomono
kokoro mo shinu ni
hito shirezu 15
motona so kofuru
iki no wo ni shite!

2 _kuraku_ = _karu_.

11 _natsusobiku_ (a m. k.) is perhaps a word-jingle with _nadzu[mi]_; some lines are lost here.

13 _komo_ is Zizania aquatica.

16, 17 Syntactically the order of these two lines may be reversed.

For _tamanowono_, _natsusobiku_, _karikomono_ see List m. k.

149

Aratamano 1
toshi ha ki-sarite
tamadzusano
tsukahi no koneba
kasumitatsu 5
nagaki haru hi wo
ame tsuchi ni
omohi-tarahashi
tarachineno
haha no kafu ko no 10
mayo komori
iki-dzuki watari
waga kofuru
kokoro no uchi wo
hito ni ihamu 15
mono ni shi araneba
matsu ga ne no
matsu koto tohomi
amadzutafu
hi no kurenureba 20
shirotaheno
waga koromode mo
tohorite nurenu.

Kaku nomi shi 1
ahi ’mohazaba
amakumono
yoso ni so kimi ha
arubeku arikeru. 5

17, 18 Note the word-play on the two _matsu_. _Ne_ is here rather trunk than root.

For _aratamano_, _tamadzusano_, _kasumitatsu_, _tarachineno_, _amadzutafu_, _shirotaheno_, _amakumono_ see List m. k.

150

Wohari-ta no 1
Ayuchi no midzu wo
ma-naku so
hito ha kumu chifu
tokizhiku so 5
hito ha nomu chifu
kumu hito no
ma-naki ga goto
nomu hito no
tokizhiku ga goto 10
wagimoko ni
aga kofuraku ha
yamu toki mo nashi.

151

Komorikuno 1
Hatsuse no kaha no
kami-tsu-se ni
i-kuhi wo uchi
shimo-tsu-se ni 5
ma-kuhi wo uchi
i-kuhi ni ha
kagami wo kake
ma-kuhi ni ha
ma-tama wo kake 10
ma-tama nasu
aga ’mofu imo mo
kagaminasu
aga ’mofu imo mo
ari to 15
ihaba koso
kuni ni mo
ihe ni mo yukame
taga yuwe ka yukamu.

Yo no naka wo 1
ushi to omohite
ihe-de seru
wara ya nani ni ka
kaherite naramu. 5

Toshi wataru 1
made ni mo hito ha
ari chifu wo
itsu no ahida so mo
are kohi ni keru. 5

1-11 is an introduction verbal not real to 12.

16 Note construction _ihaba koso yukame_, read _koso_ with _yukame_.

The first envoy seems distinctly of a Buddhistic cast.

For _komorikuno_, _kagaminasu_ see List m. k.

152

Haru sareba 1
hana saki wowori
aki-dzukoba
ni no ho ni momitsu
uma-sake wo 5
kamunabi yama no
obi ni seru
Asuka no kaha no
hayaki se ni
ofuru tama-mo no 10
uchi-nabiki
kokoro ha yorite
asa tsuyu no
kenaba kenubeku
kofuraku mo 15
shiruku mo aheru
komori-dzuma ka mo.

1-10 introductory to 11.

11 the heart inclining towards, leaning on, trusting to. The syntax is here imperfect, as is often the case in the Anthology.

153

Mimoro no 1
Kamunabi yama yu
tonogumori
ame ha furi-kinu
ame-girahi 5
kaze sahe fukinu
ohokuchino
Makami no hara yu
shinubi-tsutsu
kaheri nishi hito 10
ihe ni itariki ya.

Kaheri nishi 1
hito wo omofu to
nubatamano
sono yo ha are mo
i mo ne kanete ki. 5

3 _tonogumori_ = _tanagumori_.

1 The _nishi_ may be taken = (_i_)_nishi_.

5 = _nezariki_.

For _tonogumori_, _ohokuchino_, _nubatamano_ see List m. k.

154

Sashi-yakamu 1
wo-ya no shiki-ya ni
kaki-utemu
yare komo wo shikite
uchi-woramu 5
shiko no shiki-te wo
sashi-kahete
nuramu kimi yuwe
akanesasu
hiru ha shimirani 10
nubatamano
yoru ha sugara ni
kono toko no
hishi to naru made
nageki-tsuru ka mo. 15

2, 6 _shiki_, _shiko_, common, mean.

3 _utemu_, _utsuru_, _sutsuru_ = throw away, cast off.

4 _yare_ = _yabure_.

5 read with _shiko_.

For _akanesasu_, _nubatamano_ see List m. k.

155

Uchihahete 1
omohishi wo-nu ha
tohokaranu
sono sato-hito no
shime yufu to 5
kikiteshi hi yori
tatamaku no
tadzuki mo shirazu
woramaku no
okuka mo shirazu 10
nikibi nishi
waga ihe sura wo
kusamakura
tabi-ne no gotoku
omofu sora 15
yasukaranu mono wo
nageku sora
sugushi yenu mono wo
amakumono
yukura yukura ni 20
ashikakino
omohi-midarete
midare wo no
woke wo nomi to
aga kofuru 25
chihe no hitohe mo
hito shirezu
motona ya kohimu
iki no wo ni shite.

1, 2 _uchi-hahete omohishi_, sending forth one’s thoughts [of love].

7-10 are parenthetical.

12 Connected with _omofu_ (15).

13, 14 qualifying _omofu_.

27 _hito_ seems to point to the girl symbolized in (2) as _wo-nu_. There is some syntactic obscurity in the text.

For _kusamakura_, _amakumono_, _ashikakino_ see List m. k.

156

[Semu sube no 1
tadoki wo shirani
iha ga ne no
kogoshiki michi no
iha-toko no 5
ne haheru kado ni
ashita ni ha
ide-wite nageki
yufu-he ni ha
iri-wi kohitsutsu] 10
shirotaheno
waga koromo-de wo
wori-kaheshi
hitori shi nureba
[nubatamano 15
kuro kami shikite
hito no nuru
uma i ha nezute
ohobuneno
yukura yukurani 20
omohitsutsu
waga nuru yora wo
yomi wo ahemu ka mo].

The bracketed portions are contained in other lays.

For _shirotaheno_, _nubatamano_, _ohobuneno_ see List m. k.

157

Ashihikino 1
Yamada no michi wo
shikitaheno
utsukushi tsuma to
mono ihazu 5
wakareshi kureba
hayakahano
yukuhe mo shirazu
koromodeno
kaheru mo shirani 10
uma-zhi mono
tachite tsumadzuki!

For _ashihikino_, _shikitaheno_, _hayakahano_, _koromodeno_ see List m. k.

158

Semu sube no 1
tadzuki wo shirani
mononofuno
yaso no kokoro wo
ame tsuchi ni 5
omohi tarahashi
tama ahaba
kimi kimasu ya to
waga nageku
ya saka no nageki 10
tamahokono
michi kuru hito no
tachi-domari
ika ni to tohaba
ihi-yaramu 15
tadzuki wo shirani
sanidzurafu
kimi ga na ihaba
iro ni dete
hito shirinu-bemi 20
ashihikino
yama yori idzuru
tsuki matsu to
hito ni ha ihite
kimi matsu ware wo. 25

I-wo-mo nezu 1
aga ’mofu kimi ha
idzuku he ni
ko yohi imase ka
matedo kimasanu. 5

For _mononofuno_, _tamahokono_, _sanidzurafu_, _ashihikino_ see List m. k.

159

Akakoma no 1
umaya tate
kurokoma no
umaya tatete
so wo kahi 5
aga yuku gotoku
omohi tsuma
kokoroni norite
Takayama no
mine no tawori ni 10
i-me tatete
shishi matsu gotoku
tokoshiku ni
aga matsu kimi wo
inu na hoye so ne! 15

5 _so_ = _sore_, _kahi_, feed.

10 _tawori_ seems to mean here a recess or hollow place.

160

Waga seko ha 1
matedo kimasazu
ama no hara
furisake mireba
nubatamano 5
yo mo fuke ni keri
sayo fukete
arashi no fukeba
tachi-matsu ni
waga koromo-de ni 10
furu yuki ha
kohori watarinu
ima sara ni
kimi ki-masame ya
sanakadzura 15
nochi mo ahamu to
nagusamuru
kokoro wo mochite
mi sode mochi
toko uchi-harahi 20
utsutsu ni ha
kimi ni ha ahazhi
ime ni dani
afu to miye koso
ama no tariyo ni. 25

12 _watarinu_, pass from one place or state to another--here almost auxiliary.

25 night as complete as the sky, i.e. the whole night.

For _nubatamano_, _sanakadzura_ see List m. k.

161

Waga seko ha 1
matedo kimasazu
karigane mo
toyomite samushi
nubatamano 5
yo mo fuke ni keri
sayo fuku to
arashi no fukeba
tachi-matsu ni
waga koromo-de ni 10
oku shimo mo
hi ni saye watari
furu yuki mo
kohori watarinu
ima sara ni 15
kimi kimasame ya
sanakadzura
nochi mo ahamu to
ohobuneno
omohi-tanomedo 20
utsutsu ni ha
kimi ni ha ahazhi
ime ni dani
afu to miye koso
ama no tari yo ni. 25

8 _arashi_, storm.

12 _hi_, ice.

13 _yuki_, snow.

For _nubatamano_, _sanakadzura_, _ohobuneno_ see List m. k.

162

Suganoneno 1
nemokorogoro ni
aga ’moheru
imo ni yoriteba
koto no imi mo 5
naku ari koso to
ihahi-he wo
ihahi hori-suwe
taka-dama wo
ma naku nuki-tari 10
ame tsuchi no
kami wo so aga nomu
ita mo sube nami.

Tarachineno 1
haha ni mo norazu
tsutsumerishi
kokoro ha yoshiwe
kimi ga manimani. 5

5 _koto no imi_, prohibition of speech.

For _suganoneno_, _tarachineno_ see List m. k.

163

Tamatasuki 1
kakenu toki naku
aga ’moheru
kimi ni yoriteba
shidzu nusa we 5
te ni tori-mochite
takadama wo
shizhi ni nuki-tari
ame tsuchi no
kami wo so aga kofu 10
ita mo sube nami.

For _tamatasuki_ see List m. k.

164

Ohobuneno 1
omohi-tanomite
matsu kane no
iya toho-nagaku
aga ’moheru 5
kimi ni yoriteba
koto no yuwe mo
naku ari koso to
yufu tasuki
kata ni tori-kake 10
ihahi-he wo
ihahi hori-suwe
ame tsuchi no
kami ni so aga nomu
ita mo sube nami. 15

For _ohobuneno_ see List m. k.

MAKI XIII, SHIMO

165

Mihakashi wo 1
Tsurugi no ike no
hachisu ha ni
tamareru midzu no
yukuhe naku 5
aga seshi toki ni
afuteshi to
uraheru kimi wo
na ine so to
haha kikosedomo 10
waga kokoro
Kiyosumi no ike no
ike no soko
are ha wasurezhi
tada ni afu made. 15

Inishihe no 1
kami no toki yori
ahikerashi
ima kokoro ni mo
tsune wasurayezu! 5

1-4 are introductory to _yukuhe naku_--there are several interpretations of the whole passage.

1 _wo_ must be taken as equivalent to _no_.

6 _seshi toki_, made, that is, appointed time.

8 _uraheru_--the meaning of this word is obscure. It is written (in script) as _ahi aru_ or _aheru_, nearly equal to _aru_; _uraheru_ is Motowori’s reading.

10 _kikosedomo_ = _notamahedomo_.

14 _are_ = _ware_.

166

Mi Yoshinu no 1
maki-tatsu yama ni
shizhi ni ofuru
yama suga no ne no
nemokoro ni 5
waga ’mofu kimi ha
ohokimi no
make no manimani
hinazakaru
kimi wosame ni to 10
muratorino
asa tachi-yukeba
okuretaru
are ka kohinamu
tabi nareba 15
kimi ka shinubamu
ihamu sube
semu sube shirani
ashihikino
yama no konure ni 20
hafutsutano
wakare no amata
woshiku mo aru ka mo.

For _suganoneno_, _muratorino_, _ashihikino_, _hafutsutano_ see List m. k.

167

Mi Yoshinu no 1
Mikane no take ni
ma naku so
ame ha furu chifu
tokizhiku so 5
yuki ha furu chifu
sono ame no
ma naki ga goto
sono yuki no
tokizhiku ga goto 10
ma mo ochizu
are ha so kofuru
imo ga tadaka ni.

168

Uchihisatsu 1
Miyake no hara ni
hita tsuchi ni
ashi fumi tsurane
natsukusa wo 5
koshi ni nadzumi
ikanaru ya
hito no ko yuwe so
kayohasu mo ago
ubena ubena 10
haha ha shirazu
ubena ubena
chichi ha shirazu
minanowata
kaguroki kami ni 15
ma yufu mochi
azane yuhitari
Yamato no
tsuge no wo-gushi
osahe sasu 20
shikitahe no ko ha
sore so aga tsuma!

9 _ago_, my prince.

17 Various explanations are given of this word--Keichiu gives _asasa_, like (_asasa_ is a sp. of Limnanthemum); Okabe reads _kazashi_, adorn; Motowori suggests the meaning adopted by the Kogi, and in my translation, i.e. _asane no kami_ = _nekutare-gami_. _Azane_, however, may be perhaps better connected with _azanafu_, to bind up.

For _uchihisatsu_, _minanowata_ see List m. k.

169

Tamatasuki 1
kakenu toki naku
aga ’moheru
imo ni shi ahaneba
akanesasu 5
hiru shimirani
nubatamano
yoru ha sugara ni
i mo nezu ni
imo ni kofuru ni 10
ikeru subenashi.

9, 10 _imo_, _i mo_.

For _tamatasuki_, _akanesasu_, _nubatamano_ see List m. k.

170

Mi-watashi ni 1
imora ha tatashi
kono kata ni
are ha tachite
omufu sora 5
yasukaranaku ni
nageku sora
yasukaranaku ni
saninuri no
wo-bune mo ga mo 10
tama-maki no
wo-kaji mo ga mo
kogi-wataritsutsu mo
katarahamashi wo.

In one edition the lay begins with the fourth verse; in another the opening is--_Komoriku no_ | _Hatsuse no kaha no_ | _wochi kata ni_ | _imora ha tatashi_--representing the girl (_imora_) as standing on the further (distant) bank (_wochi-kata_) of the rapid stream of Hatsusè.

171

Oshiteru 1
Naniha no saki ni
hiki-noboru
ake no sohobune
sohobune ni 5
tsuna torikake
hikodzurahi
ari nami suredo
ari nami yezu
ihare nishi agami. 10

The text is obscure.

4 _ake_, red. _soho bune_ is red ship.

8 _ari nami_ = _ari nabiki_. There is a play upon this _ari nami_ and the same expression in 9.

7 Lengthened form of _hikotsuru_, go on hauling. So _ihidzurahi_ = _ihitsuru_ (K. 343).

9 _ari nami_ is explained (Motowori) as = _inamu_, refuse, object; _ihare nishi agami_ = such is what I bid you.

172

Kamukazeno 1
Ise no umi no
asa nagi ni
ki-yoru fukamiru
yufu nagi ni 5
ki-yoru matamiru
fukamiruno
fukameshi are wo
matamiruno
mata yuki-kaheri 10
tsuma to
ihazhi to ka mo
omohoseru kimi.

10 _yuki-kaheri_, the coming and passing (of months and days, i.e. of time).

11, 13 _tsuma_ and _kimi_ are not the same person.

For _kamukazeno_, _fukamiruno_, _matamiruno_ see List, m. k.

173

Ki no kuni no 1
Muro no ye no be ni
chi tose ni
tsutsumu koto naku
yorodzu yo ni 5
kaku shi mo aramu to
ohobuneno
omohi-tanomite
ide-tachi no
kiyoki nagisa ni 10
asa nagi ni
ki-yoru fukamiru
yufu nagi ni
ki-yoru naha-nori
fukamiruno 15
fukameshi kora
nahanorino
hikaba tayu to ya
sado-hito no
yuki no tsudohi ni 20
nakukonasu
yuki tori-saguri
adzusayumi
yuhara furi-okoshi
shishiki ya wo 25
futatsu tabasami
hanachikemu
hito shi kuyashi mo
kofuraku ’moheba!

1-6 express the situation of the lover; 12-18 describe the sea-weeds on the names of which the thought of the lay is made to turn.

17 is m. k. of _hikaba_, which refers to the breaking of the connexion.

20 _yuki_ is connected with _tsudohi_, assemble = _yukite tsudohite_.

21 is m. k. of 22.

21-26 is a prefatial m. k. of _hanachikemu_.

22 _yuki_ I take to be quiver, but having as homophon (_yuki_, go, prefix to _tori saguri_, search, look for) the epithet _nakuko nasu_--the idea being that of a child crying because it cannot find some treasure it has lost.

23 is m. k. of _yu[hara]_ = _yumi no suwe_.

25 _shishiki ya_ is taken as = _shishi-ya_, game-arrow, hunter’s arrow.

26 _futatsu_ refers to _shishi ya_. _tabasami_ is to take in the hand.

27 _hanachikemu_, to let fly.

28 _hito_ is error for _ware_.

23-26 seem to be a preface to _hanachikemu_.

For _ohobuneno_, _fukamiruno_, _nahanorino_, _nakukonasu_, _adzusayumi_ see List m. k. Of course the above explanations are more or less conjectural. The lay is a poor affair enough, but the text is interesting on account of its complications.

174

Sado-hito no 1
are ni tsuguraku
na ga kofuru
utsukushi tsuma ha
momichibano 5
chiri-midaretaru
Kamunabi no
sono yama-he kara
nubatamano
kuro-ma ni norite 10
kaha no se wo
nana se watarite
uraburete
tsuma ha kaheri to
hito so tsugetsuru. 15

13 Despondently.

14 _kaheri_, i.e. to City-Royal.

For _momichibano_, _nubatamano_ see List m. k.

175

Tohikotahe no uta.

Mono ’mohazu 1
michi yukinamu mo
haru-yama wo
furi-sake mireba
tsutsuzhihana 5
nihohi wotome
sakura-bana
sakaye wotome
na wo so mo
a ni yosu chifu 10
a wo so mo
na ni yosu chifu
ara-yama mo
hito shi yosureba
yosoru to so ifu 15
na ga kokoro yume!

9 _na_, thou, thee, so in 12.

13, 14, 15 are proverbial ‘_hito ha yama wo yosureba yosoru zo_’ _to ifu_--‘Faith will move mountains.’

For _tsutsuzhihana_ see List m. k.

176

Tatohe uta.

Shikare koso 1
toshi no ya tose wo
kiru kami no
aga kata wo sugi
tachibana no 5
hotsuye wo sugite
kono kaha no
shita ni mo nagaku
na ga kokoro mate.

This lay is defective, or perhaps is an answer to 175.

7, 8 i. e, _kokoro no ura mo_, be thy inmost heart patient to wait even as long as this stream shall continue to flow?

177

Mono ’mohazu 1
michi yukinamu mo
haru yama wo
furi-sake mireba
tsutsuzhihana 5
nihoye wotome
sakura-bana
sakaye wotome
na wo so mo
a ni yosu chifu 10
a wo so mo
na ni yosu chifu
na ha ika ni ’mofu ya--
omohe koso
toshi no ya tose wo 15
kiru kami no
aga kata wo sugi
…
tachibana no
hotsuye wo suguri
kono kaha no 20
shita ni mo nagaku
na ga kokoro made.

This lay is a combination of 175 and 176.

178

Komorikuno 1
Hatsuse no kuni ni
sa-yobahi ni
aga kureba
tana-kumori 5
yuki ha furikinu
sa-kumori
ame ha furikinu
nu tsu tori
kigishi ha toyomu 10
ihe-tsu-tori
kake mo naku
sayo ha ake
kono yo ha akenu
irite aga nemu 15
kono to hirakase.

9-12 verbally almost identical with part of the second lay in K. (p. 76).

10 _kigishi_ = _kizhi_, green pheasant.

179

Komorikuno 1
Hatsuse wo-kuni ni
yobahi sesu
aga se no kimi yo
oku toko ni 5
haha ha netari
to toko ni
chichi ha netari
oki-tataba
haha shirinubeshi 10
ide-yukaba
chichi shirinubeshi
nubatamano
yo ha ake-yukinu
kokodaku mo 15
omohanu gotoku
shinubu tsuma ka mo!

2 _wo_ is diminutive of endearment, &c.

15 Read _kokodaku mo_ with _shinubu_.

17 _tsuma_ = _otto_.

For _komorikuno_, _nubatamano_ see List m. k.

180

Tsuginefu 1
Yamashiro-ji wo
hito tsuma no
uma-yori yuku ni
ono tsuma no 5
kachi-yori yukeba
miru goto ni
ne nomi shi nakazu
soko ’mofu ni
kokoro shi itashi 10
tarachineno
haha ga katami to
aga motaru
maso mi kagami ni
akitsu hire 15
ohi name mochite
uma kahe waga se!

1 _tsuginefu_, a m. k. of _yama_; _tsugi-ne-fu_, peak on peak or range upon range, or _tsugi-ki-no-ne-fu_, abundance of trees (as m. k. of _shiro_). There is little doubt the former meaning is nearest the truth. But see K. App. LVII.

16 _ohi name_, carry and put with, take away together.

For _tsuginefu_, _tarachineno_ see List m. k.

181

Ki no kuni no 1
hama ni yoru chifu
ahabi tama
hirihamu to ihite
Imo no yama 5
Se no yama koyete
yukishi kimi
itsu kimasamu to
tamahokono
michi ni ide-tachi 10
yufu ura wo
aga tohishikaba
yufu ura no
are ni noraku
wagimoko ya 15
na ga matsu kimi ha
okitsu nami
ki-yosu shira-tama
hetsu nami no
yosuru shira-tama 20
motomu to so
kimi ga kimasanu
hirifu to so
kimi ha kimasanu
hisa naraba 25
ima nanuka bakari
hayakaraba
ima futsuka bakari
aramu to so
kimi ha kikoshishi 30
na kohi so wagimo!

5, 6 Note the word-play _Imo_ and _Se_ (_imose_)--see the translation.

31 _wagimo_ here means ‘my lady’.

For _tamahokono_ see List m. k.

182

Shinatatsu 1
Tsukuma Sanukata
Okinaga no
Wochi no ko suge
amanaku ni 5
i-kari mochi-ki
shikanaku ni
i-kari mochi-kite
okite
are wo shinubasu 10
Okinaga no
Wochi no ko-suge!

1 _shinatatsu_ is not to be confounded with the m. k. _shinateru_.

5 _amanaku_ = _amanu_ (neg. of _amu_, weave, plait).

7 _shikanaku_ = _shikanu_ (neg. of _shiku_, spread).

183

Kakemaku mo 1
aya ni kashikoshi
Fujihara no
Miyako shimimi ni
hito ha shi mo 5
michite aredomo
kimi ha shi mo
ohoku imasedo
yuki kaharu
toshi no wo nagaku 10
tsukahe-koshi
kimi no mikado wo
ame no goto
afugite mitsutsu
kashikokedo 15
omohi tanomite
itsushika mo
[waga ohokimi no
ame no shita]
shiroshi-imashite 20
mochitsukino
tatahashikemu to
waga ’moheru
miko no mikoto ha
haru sareba 25
Uwetsuki ga uhe no
tohotsuhito
matsu no shita ji yu
noborashite
kuni mi asobashi 30
nagatsuki no
shigure no aki ha
ohotono no
migiri shimimi ni
tsuyu ohite 35
nabikeru hagi wo
tamatasuki
kakete shinubashi
mi yuki furu
fuyu no ashita ha 40
sashiyanagi
ne-bari adzusa wo
ohomi te ni
torashi tamahite
asobashishi 45
waga ohokimi wo
keburi tatsu
haru no hi kurashi
masokagami
miredo akaneba 50
yorodzu yo ni
kaku shi mo ga mo to
ohobuneno
tanomeru toki ni
aga namida 55
me ka mo madohasu
ohotono wo
furi-sake mireba
shirotaheni
kazari-matsurite 60
uchihisasu
miya no toneri ha
tahe no ho no
asa kinu keru ha
ime ka mo 65
utsutsu ka mo to
kumoriyono
madoheru hodo ni
asamoyoshi
Kinohe michi yu 70
tsunusahafu
Ihare wo mitsutsu
kamu hafuri
hafurimatsureba
yuku michi no 75
tadzuki wo shirani
omohedomo
shirushi wo nami
nagekedomo
okuka wo nami 80
mi sode mochi
furiteshi matsu wo
koto tohanu
ki ni ha aredomo
aratamano 85
tatsu tsuki goto ni
ama no hara
furi-sake mitsutsu
tamatasuki
kakete shinubana 90
kashikokeredomo.

Tsunusahafu 1
Ihare no yama ni
shirotaheni
kakareru kumo ha
ohokimi ro ka mo! 5

4 _shimimi_ = _shimi shimi_, abounding, flourishing.

11 _koshi_ is quasi auxiliary (_kuru_).

28 _matsu_ by homophonal word-play means here, pine-tree.

38 i.e. _kokoro ni kakete mede-utsukushimi_, &c.

41 A m. k. = planted willow--applies to next line.

47 _keburi_ is here, mist.

50 _akaneba_--_aku_, grow tired of.

55 In the text the character _gen_ meaning _kotoba_ (speech) is curiously used for _aga_, mine.

57 lit. a two-storied palace or pavilion. Here the shrine is meant, sometimes a palace or pavilion was built.

67 _kumoriyo_, cloud-darkened night.

69 The m. k. _asamoyoshi_ really applies to _ki_ only of _Kinohe_ (_ki_, to put on; _asamo_, hempen robe).

80 _okuka_, lit. inmost place, end, term, &c.--the meaning is, no limit to my tears.

86 lit. with each new month, but undefined time is intended.

90 _shinubana_ = _shinubu namu_, _shinubamu_.

2 _Ihare_ = _iha mure_, piled rocks.

For _mochitsukino_, _tohotsuhito_, _tamatasuki_, _sashiyanagi_, _masokagami_, _ohobuneno_, _shirotaheni_, _uchihisasu_, _kumoriyono_, _asamoyoshi_, _aratamano_, _tamatasuki_ see List m. k.

184

Shikishimano 1
Yamato no kuni ni
ikasama ni
omohoshimese ka
tsure mo naki 5
Kinohe no miya ni
ohotono wo
tsukahematsurite
tonogomori
komori imaseba 10
ashita ni ha
meshite-tsukahashi
yufu-he ni ha
meshite-tsukahashi
tsukahashishi 15
toneri no kora ha
yukutorino
murete samorahi
ari-matedo
meshitamahaneba 20
tsurugitachi
togishi kokoro wo
amakumoni
omohi-hafurashi
koi-marobi 25
hidzuchi nakedomo
aki-daranu ka mo.

1-10 suggest the death of the Miko (Takechi?); 11-18 the faithful service of his retainers; 19 to end, their inconsolable grief.

3, 4 This common phrase seems to mean ‘for some reason or other’, an expression used to signify dubiety of cause, real or respectful.

24 _omohi-hafuru_ = _omohi-hanachi-chirasu_.

For _shikishimano_, _yukutorino_, _tsurugitachi_ see List m. k. _tonogomori_ and _amakumoni_ are quasi m. k.

185

Momoshinuno 1
Minu no ohokimi
nishi no umaya
tatete kafu koma
himukashi no umaya 5
tatete kafu koma
kusa koso ha
torite kahi-name
midzu koso ha
kumite kahi-name 10
nani shi ka mo
ashige no uma no
ibaye tachitsuru.

12 _ashige_, reed-like in colour, grey; _ashigebuchi_, dappled grey. The envoy is--_Koromode wo_ | _ashige no uma no_ | _ibayu kowe_ | _kokoro are ka mo_ | _tsune yu ke ni naku_. Here the m. k. _koromode_, vestment-sleeve, is curiously applied to _ashige_ as similar in sound to _osoki_ = _uhagi_ = outer or over-garment. The meaning of _ke ni_ (異) is, differently, strangely, specially.

For _momoshinuno_ see List m. k.

186

Shirakumono 1
tanabiku kuni no
awokumono
muka-busu kuni no
amakumono 5
shita naru hito ha
a nomi ka mo
kimi ni kofuramu
are nomi shi
kimi ni kofureba. 10

1-6 indicate all men under heaven.

1 _shirakumono_ applies to clouds on which the sun is shining, _awokumo_ to clouds unsunned.

For _shirakumono_, _awokumono_, _amakumono_, see List m. k. The Kogi separates this lay from the next to which, in some editions, it serves as an introduction.

187

Ame tsuchi ni 1
michi-tarahashite
kofuru ka mo
mune no yameru
omohe ka mo 5
kokoro no itaki
aga kohi so
hi ni ke ni masaru
itsu ha shi mo
kohinu toki to ha 10
aranedomo
kono nagatsuki wo
waga seko ga
shinubi ni seyo to
chi yo ni mo 15
shinubi wataredo
yorodzu yo ni
katari to tsugahe
hazhimete shi
kono nagatsuki no 20
sugimaku wo
ita mo sube nami
aratamano
tsuki no kahareba
semu sube no 25
tadoki wo shirani
iha ga ne no
kogoshiki michi no
iha-toko no
ne-haheru kado ni 30
ashita ni ha
ide-wite nageki
yufu-he ni ha
iri-wi kohitsutsu.

8 Read as _ini-kihenuru ni masaru_.

10 _kohinu_ is negative.

14 _seyo_, perhaps a sort of (logical) 1st pers. imperative.

30 _ne-haheru_, _nehafu_, or _nebafu_, apparently means extended entrance, referring to gallery approaching tomb-chamber.

31 _ashita_ is here ‘morning’, not merely ‘morrow’.

For _aratamano_ see List m. k.

188

Nubatamano 1
kuro kami shikite
hito no nuru
uma-i ha nezu ni
ohobuneno 5
yukura yukura ni
omohitsutsu
aga nuru yora ha
yomi mo ahenu ka mo.

9 _yomi_, here ‘count’.

For _nubatamano_, _ohobuneno_ see List m. k.

189

Komorikuno 1
Hatsuse no kaha no
kamitsu se ni
u wo yatsu kadzuke
shimotsu se ni 5
u wo yatsu kadzuke
kamitsu se no
ayu wo kuhashime
shimotsu se no
ayu wo kuhashime 10
kuhashi imo ni
taguhite mashi wo
naguru-sa no
tohozakari wite
omofu sora 15
yasukaranaku ni
nageku sora
yasukaranaku ni
kinu koso ha
sore yarenureba 20
nuhitsutsu mo
mata mo afu to ihe
tama koso ha
wo no tayenureba
kukuritsutsu 25
mata mo afu to ihe
mata mo
ahanu mono ha
imo ni shi arikeri.

1-10 introductory to _kuhashi imo_. In the use of _kuhashime_ there is an imitation or a reminiscence of the Kojiki lay (K. App. LXXVI) translated in the notes to 177. _kuhashime_ = here, make-swallow, afterwards to disgorge.

13 _nagarusa_, as far as an arrow can be shot.

25 Note the curious script for _kuku_ (_kukuri_) the figures 81 are used, 81 = 9 x 9 = _ku ku_.

For _komorikuno_ see List m. k.

190

Komorikuno 1
Hatsuse no yama
awohatano
Osaka no yama ha
washiri-de no 5
yoroshiki yama no
ide-tachi no
kuhashiki yama so
atarashiki
yama no 10
aremakurashi wo.

5 _washiri-de_ = _hashiri-de_, run out, tower, rise high.

9 _atarashiki_, not here ‘new’ but _oshimubeshi_ = what may be prized, valued, regretted, excellent.

For _komorikuno_, _awohatano_ see List m. k.

191

Taka yama to 1
umi koso ha
yama nagara
kaku mo utsushiku
umi nagara 5
shika mo tada narame
hito ha
hana mono so
utsusemino
yo hito. 10

2, 6 _koso_ to be read with _narame_.

3, 5 _nagara_ is, just as, exactly as = _na[ru] kara[da]_.

4 _utsushiku_ here means real, actual.

For _utsusemino_ see List m. k.

192

Ohokimi no 1
mikoto kashikomi
Akitsushima
Yamato wo sugite
Ohotomo no 5
Mitsu no hama-he yu
ohobune ni
ma-kaji shizhi nuki
asa nagi ni
kako no kowe yobi 10
yufu nagi ni
kaji no ’to shitsutsu
yukishi kimi
itsu ki-masamu to
nusa okite 15
ihahi-wataru ni
taha-koto ya
hito no ihitsuru
waga kokoro
Tsukushi no yama no 20
momijibano
chiri-sugi nishi to
kimi ga tadaka wo.

Taha-koto ya 1
hito no ihitsuru
tamanowono
nagaku to kimi ha
iiteshi mono wo. 5

15 Motowori reads _mitegura_, Okabe _yufu ke okite_. The Kogi reading, here adopted, seems simpler and sufficient.

19 _waga kokoro_, is here an exclamation.

21 _momiji-ba_ is to be read with _chiri-_ of _chirisugi_ (22), and this with the last line.

For _momijibano_, _tamanowono_ see List m. k.

193

Tamahokono 1
michi yuku hito ha
ashihikino
yama yuki nu yuki
tada watari 5
kaha yuki-watari
isanatori
umi-ji ni idete
kashikoki ya
Kami no watari ha 10
fuku kaze mo
nodo ni ha fukazu
tatsu nami mo
oho ni ha tatazu
shiki nami no 15
tachi-safu michi wo
taga kokoro
itohoshi to ka mo
tada watarikemu.

5-19 _tada watari_, _tadachi suguni_--is taken as involving the meaning of _kachi watari_, to cross on foot, walk across. This sense, however, is not altogether admissible.

17 to end: read as if _[kono hito] ha tare no kokoro wo itohoshite ka mo kachi-watarikemu_.

For _tamahokono_, _isanatori_ see List m. k.

194

Tori-ga-ne mo 1
kikoyenu umi ni
takayama wo
hedate ni nashite
okitsu mo wo 5
makura ni nashite
akitsu ha no
kinu dani kizu ni
isanatori
umi no hama-be ni 10
ura mo naku
inetaru hito ha
omo chichi ni
manago ni ka aramu
wakakusano 15
tsuma ka aruramu
omohoshiki
koto tsutemu ya to
ihe toheba
ihe wo mo norazu 20
na wo tohedo
na dani mo norazu
nakukonasu
koto dani tohazu
omohedomo 25
kanashiki mono ha
yo no naka ni ari.

1-4 The full sense of these lines it is not easy to make out.

7, 8 A very obscure passage. Some commentators suppose a silken garment, the produce of an insect (_yamamai_, wild silkworm), to be intended. The explanation most in accordance with the text (as emended in the Kogi) is to take _akidzu ha_ as meaning the wing of a dragon-fly. The passage would then be interpreted as it is in the translation q. v.

11 _ura mo naku_, without heart, feeling, dead to external impressions.

17 = _omohoshiki_ (_omohashiki_) _koto_, something thought of, thought of with regret, love, &c.: _omohi_ = be in a state of intellectual or emotional consciousness.

23, 24 unable to speak, like a puling infant.

For _isanatori_, _wakakusano_, _nakukonasu_ see List m. k.

195

Tamahokono 1
michi ni idetachi
ashihiki no
mi yuki yama yuki
tada watari 5
kaha yuki watari
isanatori
umi ji ni idete
fuku kaze mo
oho ni ha fukazu 10
tatsu nami mo
nodo ni ha tatazu
kashikoki ya
Kami no watari no
shiki nami no 15
yosuru hama he ni
taka yama wo
hedate ni okite
urasu wo
makura ni makite 20
ura mo naku
koyaseru kimi ha
omo chichi no
manago ni mo aramu
wakakusano 25
tsuma mo aramu to
ihe tohedo
ihe ji mo ihazu
na wo tohedo
na dani mo norazu 30
taga koto wo
itohoshimi ka mo
shiki nami no
kashikoki umi wo
tada watarikemu. 35

(1)

Ihe hito no 1
matsuramu mono wo
tsure mo naki
ariso wo makite
fuseru kimi ka mo. 5

(2)

urasu ni 1
koyaseru kimi wo
kefu kefu to
komu to matsuramu
tsuma shi kanashi mo. 5

For _tamahokono_, _isanatori_, _wakakusano_ see List m. k.

196

Kono tsuki ha 1
kimi kimasamu to
ohobuneno
omohi tanomite
itsushika to 5
aga machi woreba
momichi-ba no
sugite yukinu to
tamadzusano
tsukahi no iheba 10
hotarunasu
honoka ni kikite
ame tsuchi wo
kohi nomi nageki
tachite wite 15
yukuhe mo shirani
asa-giri no
omohi-madohite
tsuwetarazu
ya-saka no nageki 20
nagekedomo
shirushi wo nami to
idzuku ni ka
kimi ga masamu to
amakumono 25
yuki no manimani
iyu shishi no
yuki mo shinamu to
omohedomo
michi shi shiraneba 30
hitori wite
kimi ni kofuru ni
ne nomi shi nakuzu.

Ashi he yuku 1
kari no tsubasa wo
miru goto ni
kimi ga obashishi
nagu ya shi omohoyu. 5

19, 20 sigh deep as eight (not ten) feet--a conceit of a kind common in Japanese poetry, which can scarcely be translated.

For _ohobuneno_, _tamadzusano_, _hotarunasu_, _tsuwetarazu_, _amakumono_ see List m. k.

197

Misakureba 1
kumowi ni miyuru
uruhashiki
Toba no matsubara
waraha domo 5
iza wa ide-mimu
koto sakaba
kuni ni sakanamu
koto sakaba
ihe ni sakanamu 10
ame tsuchi no
kami shi urameshi
kusamakura
kono tabi no ke ni
tsuma sakubeshi ya. 15

7, 9 _koto sakaba_ = _kaku no gotoku hanareba_.

14 _ke_ = _ki-he_, pass on, elapse, proceed.

For _kusamakura_ see List m. k.

198

Yufu sareba 1
ashi he ni sawaki
akekureba
oki ni nadzusafu
kamo sura mo 5
tsuma to taguhite
waga wo ni ha
shimo na furi so to
shirotaheno
hane sashi-kahete 10
uchi-harahi
sanu tofu mono wo
yukumidzuno
kaheranu gotoku
fuku kaze no 15
miyenu ga gotoku
ato mo naki
yo no hito ni shite
wakare nishi
imo ga kiseteshi 20
nare-goromo
sode katashikite
hitori ka mo nemu!

7 _wo_, tail.

12 _sanu_, _sa-nuru_. _tofu_, _to ifu_.

20 _kiseteshi nare_, put on and use to wear.

22 _katashiki_, side-spread, i.e. one side only, spreading out sleeves on one side only, i.e. sleeping alone.

For _shirotaheno_, _yukimidzuno_ see List m. k.

199

Mono ni tsukite omohi wo noburu uta.

Asa sareba 1
imo ga te ni maku
kagaminasu
Mitsu no hama-bi ni
ohobune ni 5
ma kaji shizhi nuki
Kara kuni ni
watari yukamu to
tadamukafu
Minume wo sashite 10
shiho machite
mi-wo-biki yukeba
oki-he ni ha
shiranami takami
ura-mi yori 15
kogite watareba
wagimokoni
Ahade no shima ha
yufu sareba
kumo-wi kakurinu 20
sayo fukete
yuku-he wo shirani
agakokoro
Akashi no ura ni
fune tomete 25
ukine wo shitsutsu
watatsumi no
oki-he wo mireba
izari suru
ama no wotome ha 30
wo-bune nori
tsurara ni ukeri
akatoki no
shiho michi kureba
ashi-he ni ha 35
tadzu naki wataru
asa nagi ni
funa-de wo semu to
funa-bito mo
kako mo kowe yobi 40
niho-dori no
nadzusahi yukeba
Iheshima ha
kumo-wi ni miyenu
aga ’moheru 45
kokoro nagu ya to
hayaku kite
mimu to omohite
ohobune wo
waga kogi yukeba 50
okitsu nami
takaku tachikinu
yoso nomi ni
mitsutsu sugi-yuki
Tama no ura ni 55
fune wo todomete
hamabi yori
ura iso wo mitsutsu
nakukonasu
ne nomi shi nakayu 60
watatsumi no
ta-maki no tama wo
ihe tsuto ni
imo ni yaramu to
hirihi-tori 65
sode ni hairete
kaheshi-yaru
tsukahi nakereba
moteredomo
shirushi wo nami to 70
mata okitsuru ka mo.

In the script of this lay, as in that of the last and of many succeeding lays, the ideograms are entirely phonetic, or nearly so.

70 Observe use of _wo_, not here objectively.

The m. k. (3) applies to _Mi[tsu]_, (9) to Mi(nume), (23) to Akashi ( = _akashi_, bright, be clear).

For _kagaminasu_, _tadamukafu_, _wagimokoni_, _agakokoro_, _nakukonasu_ see List m. k.

MAKI XV, NAKA

200

Yuki no shima ni itarite Yuki no Murazhi Yakamori ga tachimachi ye-yami nite mi makareru toki yomeru uta.

Sumerogi no 1
toho no Mikado to
Kara kuni ni
wataru waga se ha
ihe-bito no 5
ihahi matane ka
tatami ka mo
ayamachi shikemu
aki saraba
kaheri-masamu to 10
tarachineno
haha ni mawoshite
toki mo sugi
tsuki mo henureba
kefu ka komu 15
asu ka mo komu to
ihebito ha
machi kofuramu ni
toho no kuni
imada mo tsukazu 20
Yamato wo mo
tohoku sakarite
iha ga ne no
araki shima-ne
yadori sura kimi! 25

Ihata-nu ni 1
yadori suru kimi
ihebito no
idzura to ware wo
tohaba ikani ihamu! 5

6 _ihahi matane [ba] ka_, is it they do not go on honouring…?

For _tarachineno_ see List m. k.

201

Ame tsuchi to 1
tomo ni mo ga mo to
omohitsutsu
arikemu mono wo
hashikeyashi 5
ihe wo hanarete
nami no uhe yu
nadzusahiki nite
aratamano
tsuki hi mo ki-henu 10
karigane mo
tsugite ki-nakereba
tarachineno
haha mo tsumara mo
asa tsuyu ni 15
mo no suso hidzuchi
yufu giri ni
koromo-de nurete
sakiku shi mo
aruramu gotoku 20
ide mitsutsu
matsuramu mono wo
yo no naka no
hito no nageki ha
ahi-omohanu 25
kimi ni are ya mo
akihagino
chiraheru nu he no
hatsu wo-bana
kari-ho ni fukite 30
kumo-banare
tohoki kuni he no
tsuyu shimo no
samuki yama he ni
yadori seruramu. 35

(1)

Hashikeyashi 1
tsuma mo kodomo mo
taka taka ni
matsuramu kimi ya
shima-gakurenuru. 5

(2)

Momijibano 1
chirinamu yama ni
yadorinuru
kimi wo matsuramu
hito shi kanashi mo. 5

14 _tsumara_, an honour plural?

24, 25 Read _hito_ with _ahi-omohanu_ (will not meet again).

31 _kumo-banare_, see also K. App. LV.

For _aratamano_, _tarachineno_, _akihagino_ see List m. k.

202

Watatsumi no 1
kashikoki michi wo
yasukeku mo
naku nayami-kite
ima dani mo 5
mo naku yukamu to
yuki no ama no
hotsu-te no urahe wo
kata yakite
yukamu to suru ni 10
ime no goto
michi no sora-ji ni
wakare suru kimi.

4 _kite_ is quasi-auxiliary.

6 _mo naku_, without ill luck or hap.

8 _hotsu-te_ explained as = _hote_, chief.

11 _ime_ here = _yume_, dream.

MAKI XVI, KAMI

203

Midori ko no 1
waku-go ga mi ni ha
tarachishi
haha ni udakaye
suki-kakuru 5
hafu ko ga mi ni ha
yufu kata-kinu
hitsura ni-nuhi ki
kubi tsuki no
waraha ga mi ni ha 10
yuhi-hata no
sode tsuke koromo
kishi ware wo
a ni yoru kora ga
yochi ni ha 15
minanowata
kaguroshi kami wo
ma kushi mochi
kata ni kakitari
tori-tagane 20
agete mo makimi
toki midashi
waraha ni nashimi
kurenawino
ni-tsukafu iro ni 25
natsukashiki
murasaki no
oho-aya no koromo
Suminoye no
Wori no wo-nu no 30
ma hari mochi
nihoshishi kinu ni
Koma nishiki
himo ni-nuhi-tsuke
sasahe kasanahe 35
nami kasane ki
utsusoyashi
womi no kora
arikinuno
takara no kora ga 40
utsutahe
hahete oru nuno
hi sarashi no
asa tedzukuri wo
shikimonasu 45
shiki ni tori-shiki
hokoroheru
inaki wotome ga
tsuma tofu no
a ni so tabarishi 50
uki kata no
futaya shitakutsu
tobutorino
Asuka wotoko ga
nagame imi 55
nukishi kuri-kutsu
sashi hakite
niha ni tachi
yuki motohoreba
omo tozhi no 60
morasu wotome ga
hono kikite
a ni so tabarishi
mi hanada no
kinu no obi wo 65
hikobi nasu
karobi ni torashi
watatsumi no
tono no iraka ni
tobi-kakeru 70
sugaru no gotoku
koshi hoso ni
tori kazarahi
masokagami
tori name kakete 75
ono ga kaho
kaherahi mitsutsu
haru sarite
nu he wo megureba
omoshiromi 80
are wo omohe ka
sa-nu tsu tori
ki naki kakerafu
aki sarite
yama he wo yukeba 85
natsukashi to
are wo omohe ka
amakumono
i-yuki tanabiki
kaheri tachi 90
ohochi wo kereba
uchihisasu
miya womina
sasudakeno
toneri wotoko mo 95
shinuburahi
kaherahi mitsutsu
taga koso to ya
omoharete aru
kaku so shi koshi 100
inishihe no
sasakishi are ya
hashikiyashi
kefu ya mo kora ni
isa ni to ya 105
omoharete aru
kaku so shi koshi
inishihe no
sakashiki hito mo
nochi no yo no 110
kagami ni semu to
oi-hito wo
okurishi kuruma
mochi kaherikoshi.

The metre of this uta is irregular and the style is not good. Of many of the words the sense is obscure.

1 _midori ko_, green, i.e. very young child.

2 _waku-go_ = _wakaki ko_.

5 = _kakuru_.

8 _hitsura_, perhaps _hitaura_, apparently plain-lined.

11 _yuhi-hata_ (_yuhata_), spotted by tying up portions and then dyeing the piece.

15 _yochi_, of like age.

17 Or _kaguro shi_.

21 _makimi_, the _mi_ is a suffix denoting manner, quality, quantity (I.), &c.

32 _nihoshishi_, dyed.

35 _sashi-kasane_.