Chapter C: A. Young (14)

Stud"der*y (?), n. A stud, or collection of breeding horses and mares; also, a place for keeping a stud. [Obs.]

King Henry the Eighth erected a noble studdery.

Holinshed.

Stud"ding (?), n. Material for studs, or joists; studs, or joists, collectively; studs.

Stud"ding sail` (?). (Naut.) A light sail set at the side of a principal or square sail of a vessel in free winds, to increase her speed. Its head is bent to a small spar which is called the studding-sail boom. See Illust. of Sail. Toten.

Stu"dent (?), n. [L. studens, -entis, p. pr. of studere to study. See Study, n.] 1. A person engaged in study; one who is devoted to learning; a learner; a pupil; a scholar; especially, one who attends a school, or who seeks knowledge from professional teachers or from books; as, the students of an academy, a college, or a university; a medical student; a hard student.

Keep a gamester from the dice, and a good student from his book.

Shak.

2. One who studies or examines in any manner; an attentive and systematic observer; as, a student of human nature, or of physical nature.

Stu"dent*ry (?), n. A body of students. [R.]

Stu"dent*ship, n. The state of being a student.

Stud"fish` (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of small American minnows of the genus Fundulus, as F. catenatus.

Stud"-horse` (?), n. [AS. std- hors.] A stallion, esp. one kept for breeding.

Stud"ied, a. 1. Closely examined; read with diligence and attention; made the subject of study; well considered; as, a studied lesson.

2. Well versed in any branch of learning; qualified by study; learned; as, a man well studied in geometry.

I shrewdly suspect that he is little studied of a theory of moral
proportions.

Burke.

3. Premeditated; planned; designed; as, a studied insult. "Studied magnificence." Hawthorne.

4. Intent; inclined. [Obs.] Shak.

Stud"ied*ly (?), adv. In a studied manner.

Stud"i*er (?), n. A student. [R.] W. Irving.

Lipsius was a great studier of the stoical philosophy.

Tillotson.

Stu"di*o (?), n.; pl. Studios (#). [It. studio, properly, study. See Study.] The working room of an artist.

Stu"di*ous (?), a. [L. studious: cf. F. studieux. See Study.] 1. Given to study; devoted to the acquisition of knowledge from books; as, a studious scholar.

2. Given to thought, or to the examination of subjects by contemplation; contemplative. Locke.

3. Earnest in endeavors; aiming sedulously; attentive; observant; diligent; -- usually followed by an infinitive or by of; as, be studious to please; studious to find new friends and allies.

You that are so studious Of my affairs, wholly neglect your own.

Massinger.

4. Planned with study; deliberate; studied.

For the frigid villainy of studious lewdness, . . . with apology
can be invented?

Rambler.

5. Favorable to study; suitable for thought and contemplation; as, the studious shade. [Poetic]

But let my due feet never fail To walk the studious cloister's
pale.

Milton.

-- Stu"di*ous*ly, adv. -- Stu"di*ous*ness, n.

Stud"y (?), n.; pl. Studies (#). [OE. studie, L. studium, akin to studere to study; possibly akin to Gr. &?; haste, zeal, &?; to hasten; cf. OF. estudie, estude, F. étude. Cf. Etude, Student, Studio, Study, v. i.] 1. A setting of the mind or thoughts upon a subject; hence, application of mind to books, arts, or science, or to any subject, for the purpose of acquiring knowledge.

Hammond . . . spent thirteen hours of the day in study.

Bp. Fell.

Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace.

Sir W. Temple.

2. Mental occupation; absorbed or thoughtful attention; meditation; contemplation.

Just men they seemed, and all their study bent To worship God
aright, and know his works.

Milton.

3. Any particular branch of learning that is studied; any object of attentive consideration.

The Holy Scriptures, especially the New Testament, are her daily
study.

Law.

The proper study of mankind is man.

Pope.

4. A building or apartment devoted to study or to literary work. "His cheery little study." Hawthorne.

5. (Fine Arts) A representation or rendering of any object or scene intended, not for exhibition as an original work of art, but for the information, instruction, or assistance of the maker; as, a study of heads or of hands for a figure picture.

6. (Mus.) A piece for special practice. See Etude.

Stud"y (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Studied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Studying (?).] [OE. studien, OF. estudier, F. étudier. See Study, n.] 1. To fix the mind closely upon a subject; to dwell upon anything in thought; to muse; to ponder. Chaucer.

I found a moral first, and then studied for a fable.

Swift.

2. To apply the mind to books or learning. Shak.

3. To endeavor diligently; to be zealous. 1 Thes. iv. 11.

Stud"y, v. t. 1. To apply the mind to; to read and examine for the purpose of learning and understanding; as, to study law or theology; to study languages.

2. To consider attentively; to examine closely; as, to study the work of nature.

Study thyself; what rank or what degree The wise Creator has
ordained for thee.

Dryden.

3. To form or arrange by previous thought; to con over, as in committing to memory; as, to study a speech.

4. To make an object of study; to aim at sedulously; to devote one's thoughts to; as, to study the welfare of others; to study variety in composition.

For their heart studieth destruction.

Prov. xxiv. 2.

||Stu"fa (?), n. [It. stufa a stove. See Stove.] A jet of steam issuing ||from a fissure in the earth.

Stuff (?), n. [OF. estoffe, F. étoffe; of uncertain origin, perhaps of Teutonic origin and akin to E. stop, v.t. Cf. Stuff, v. t.] 1. Material which is to be worked up in any process of manufacture.

For the stuff they had was sufficient for all the work to make it,
and too much.

Ex. xxxvi. 7.

Ambitions should be made of sterner stuff.

Shak.

The workman on his stuff his skill doth show, And yet the stuff
gives not the man his skill.

Sir J. Davies.

2. The fundamental material of which anything is made up; elemental part; essence.

Yet do I hold it very stuff o' the conscience To do no contrived
murder.

Shak.

3. Woven material not made into garments; fabric of any kind; specifically, any one of various fabrics of wool or worsted; sometimes, worsted fiber.

What stuff wilt have a kirtle of?

Shak.

It [the arras] was of stuff and silk mixed, though, superior kinds
were of silk exclusively.

F. G. Lee.

4. Furniture; goods; domestic vessels or utensils.

He took away locks, and gave away the king's stuff.

Hayward.

5. A medicine or mixture; a potion. Shak.

6. Refuse or worthless matter; hence, also, foolish or irrational language; nonsense; trash.

Anger would indite Such woeful stuff as I or Shadwell write.

Dryden.

7. (Naut.) A melted mass of turpentine, tallow, etc., with which the masts, sides, and bottom of a ship are smeared for lubrication. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

8. Paper stock ground ready for use.

When partly ground, called half stuff. Knight.

Clear stuff. See under Clear. -- Small stuff (Naut.), all kinds of small cordage. Ham. Nav. Encyc. -- Stuff gown, the distinctive garb of a junior barrister; hence, a junior barrister himself. See Silk gown, under Silk.

Stuff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stuffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stuffing.] [OE. stoffen; cf. OF. estoffer, F. étoffer, to put stuff in, to stuff, to line, also, OF. estouffer to stifle, F. étouffer; both perhaps of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. stop. Cf. Stop, v. t., Stuff, n.] 1. To fill by crowding something into; to cram with something; to load to excess; as, to stuff a bedtick.

Sometimes this crook drew hazel bought adown, And stuffed her apron
wide with nuts so brown.

Gay.

Lest the gods, for sin, Should with a swelling dropsy stuff thy
skin.

Dryden.

2. To thrust or crowd; to press; to pack.

Put roses into a glass with a narrow mouth, stuffing them close
together . . . and they retain smell and color.

Bacon.

3. To fill by being pressed or packed into.

With inward arms the dire machine they load, And iron bowels stuff
the dark abode.

Dryden.

4. (Cookery) To fill with a seasoning composition of bread, meat, condiments, etc.; as, to stuff a turkey.

5. To obstruct, as any of the organs; to affect with some obstruction in the organs of sense or respiration.

I'm stuffed, cousin; I can not smell.

Shak.

6. To fill the skin of, for the purpose of preserving as a specimen; -- said of birds or other animals.

7. To form or fashion by packing with the necessary material.

An Eastern king put a judge to death for an iniquitous sentence,
and ordered his hide to be stuffed into a cushion, and placed upon
the tribunal.

Swift.

8. To crowd with facts; to cram the mind of; sometimes, to crowd or fill with false or idle tales or fancies.

9. To put fraudulent votes into (a ballot box). [U. S.]

<! p. 1430 !>

Stuff (?), v. i. To feed gluttonously; to cram.

Taught harmless man to cram and stuff.

Swift.

Stuff"er (?), n. One who, or that which, stuffs.

Stuff"i*ness (?), n. The quality of being stuffy.

Stuff"ing, n. 1. That which is used for filling anything; as, the stuffing of a saddle or cushion.

2. (Cookery) Any seasoning preparation used to stuff meat; especially, a composition of bread, condiments, spices, etc.; forcemeat; dressing.

3. A mixture of oil and tallow used in softening and dressing leather.

Stuffing box, a device for rendering a joint impervious where there is a hole through which a movable cylindrical body, as the paston rod of a steam engine, or the plunger of a pump, slides back and forth, or in which a shaft turns. It usually consists of a box or chamber, made by an enlargement of part of the hole, forming a space around the rod or shaft for containing packing which is compressed and made to fill the space closely by means of a sleeve, called the gland, which fits loosely around the rod, and is pressed upon the packing by bolts or other means.

Stuff"y (?), a. 1. Stout; mettlesome; resolute. [Scot.] Jamieson.

2. Angry and obstinate; sulky. [U. S.]

3. Ill-ventilated; close.

Stuke (?), n. Stucco. [Obs.]

Stull (?), n. [CF. Stum.] A framework of timber covered with boards to support rubbish; also, a framework of boards to protect miners from falling stones. [Prov. Eng.]

Stulm (?), n. [Cf. G. stollen a post, a stulm, E. stall, stand.] A shaft or gallery to drain a mine. [Local, Eng.] Bailey.

Stulp (?), n. [Cf. Icel. stlpi, Dan., Sw., & OD. stolpe.] A short, stout post used for any purpose, a to mark a boundary. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Stul`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. The act of stultifying, or the state of being stultified.

Stul"ti*fi`er (?), n. One who stultifies.

Stul"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stultified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stultifying (?).] [L. stultus foolish + -fy.] 1. To make foolish; to make a fool of; as, to stultify one by imposition; to stultify one's self by silly reasoning or conduct. Burke.

2. To regard as a fool, or as foolish. [R.]

The modern sciolist stultifies all understanding but his own, and
that which he conceives like his own.

Hazlitt.

3. (Law) To allege or prove to be of unsound mind, so that the performance of some act may be avoided.

Stul*til"o*quence (?), n. [L. stultiloquentia; stultus foolish + loquentia a talking, fr. loquens, p. pr. of loqui to talk.] Silly talk; babbling.

Stul*til"o*quent (?), a. [Cf. L. stultiloquus. See Stultiloquence.] Given to, or characterized by, silly talk; babbling. -- Stul*til"o*quent*ly, adv.

Stul*til"o*quy (?), n. [L. stultiloquium.] Foolish talk; silly discource; babbling. Jer. Taylor.

Stul"ty (?), a. [L. stultus foolish.] Foolish; silly. [Obs.] Testament of Love.

Stum (?), n. [D. stom must, new wort, properly, dumb; cf. F. vin muet stum. Cf. Stammer, Stoom.] 1. Unfermented grape juice or wine, often used to raise fermentation in dead or vapid wines; must.

Let our wines, without mixture of stum, be all fine.

B. Jonson.

And with thy stum ferment their fainting cause.

Dryden.

2. Wine revived by new fermentation, reulting from the admixture of must. Hudibras.

Stum, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stummed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stumming.] To renew, as wine, by mixing must with it and raising a new fermentation.

We stum our wines to renew their spirits.

Floyer.

Stum"ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Stumbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stumbling (?).] [OE. stumblen, stomblen; freq. of a word akin to E. stammer. See Stammer.] 1. To trip in walking or in moving in any way with the legs; to strike the foot so as to fall, or to endanger a fall; to stagger because of a false step.

There stumble steeds strong and down go all.

Chaucer.

The way of the wicked is as darkness: they know at what they
stumble.

Prov. iv. 19.

2. To walk in an unsteady or clumsy manner.

He stumbled up the dark avenue.

Sir W. Scott.

3. To fall into a crime or an error; to err.

He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and there is none
occasion og stumbling in him.

1 John ii. 10.

4. To strike or happen (upon a person or thing) without design; to fall or light by chance; -- with on, upon, or against.

Ovid stumbled, by some inadvertency, upon Livia in a bath.

Dryden.

Forth as she waddled in the brake, A gray goose stumbled on a
snake.

C. Smart.

Stum"ble, v. t. 1. To cause to stumble or trip.

2. Fig.: To mislead; to confound; to perplex; to cause to err or to fall.

False and dazzling fires to stumble men.

Milton.

One thing more stumbles me in the very foundation of this
hypothesis.

Locke.

Stum"ble, n. 1. A trip in walking or running.

2. A blunder; a failure; a fall from rectitude.

One stumble is enough to deface the character of an honorable life.

L'Estrange.

Stum"bler (?), n. One who stumbles.

Stum"bling-block` (?), n. Any cause of stumbling, perplexity, or error.

We preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumbling-block, and
unto the Greeks foolishness.

1 Cor. i. 23.

Stum"bling*ly (?), adv. In a stumbling manner.

Stum"bling-stone` (?), n. A stumbling-block.

This stumbling-stone we hope to take away.

T. Burnet.

Stump (?), n. [OE. stumpe, stompe; akin to D. stomp, G. stumpf, Icel. stumpr, Dan. & Sw. stump, and perhaps also to E. stamp.] 1. The part of a tree or plant remaining in the earth after the stem or trunk is cut off; the stub.

2. The part of a limb or other body remaining after a part is amputated or destroyed; a fixed or rooted remnant; a stub; as, the stump of a leg, a finger, a tooth, or a broom.

3. pl. The legs; as, to stir one's stumps. [Slang]

4. (Cricket) One of the three pointed rods stuck in the ground to form a wicket and support the bails.

5. A short, thick roll of leather or paper, cut to a point, or any similar implement, used to rub down the lines of a crayon or pencil drawing, in shading it, or for shading drawings by producing tints and gradations from crayon, etc., in powder.

6. A pin in a tumbler lock which forms an obstruction to throwing the bolt, except when the gates of the tumblers are properly arranged, as by the key; a fence; also, a pin or projection in a lock to form a guide for a movable piece.

Leg stump (Cricket), the stump nearest to the batsman. -- Off stump (Cricket), the stump farthest from the batsman. -- Stump tracery (Arch.), a term used to describe late German Gothic tracery, in which the molded bar seems to pass through itself in its convolutions, and is then cut off short, so that a section of the molding is seen at the end of each similar stump. -- To go on the stump, or To take the stump, to engage in making public addresses for electioneering purposes; -- a phrase derived from the practice of using a stump for a speaker's platform in newly-settled districts. Hence also the phrases stump orator, stump speaker, stump speech, stump oratory, etc. [Colloq. U.S.]

Stump, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Stumped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Stumping.] 1. To cut off a part of; to reduce to a stump; to lop.

Around the stumped top soft moss did grow.

Dr. H. More.

2. To strike, as the toes, against a stone or something fixed; to stub. [Colloq.]

3. To challenge; also, to nonplus. [Colloq.]

4. To travel over, delivering speeches for electioneering purposes; as, to stump a State, or a district. See To go on the stump, under Stump, n. [Colloq. U.S.]

5. (Cricket) (a) To put (a batsman) out of play by knocking off the bail, or knocking down the stumps of the wicket he is defending while he is off his allotted ground; -- sometimes with out. T. Hughes. (b) To bowl down the stumps of, as, of a wicket.

A herd of boys with clamor bowled, And stumped the wicket.

Tennyson.

To stump it. (a) To go afoot; hence, to run away; to escape. [Slang] Ld. Lytton. (b) To make electioneering speeches. [Colloq. U.S.]

Stump, v. i. To walk clumsily, as if on stumps.

To stump up, to pay cash. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Stump"age (?), n. 1. Timber in standing trees, -- often sold without the land at a fixed price per tree or per stump, the stumps being counted when the land is cleared. [Local, U.S.]

Only trees above a certain size are allowed to be cut by loggers
buying stumpage from the owners of land.