Chapter M: S. Lamson (3)

3. (Equity) Anything alleged in pleading which is impertinent, and is reproachful to any person, or which derogates from the dignity of the court, or is contrary to good manners. Daniell.

Syn. -- Defamation; detraction; slander; calumny; opprobrium; reproach; shame; disgrace.

Scan"dal (?), v. t. 1. To treat opprobriously; to defame; to asperse; to traduce; to slander. [R.]

I do fawn on men and hug them hard And after scandal them.

Shak.

2. To scandalize; to offend. [Obs.] Bp. Story.

Syn. -- To defame; traduce; reproach; slander; calumniate; asperse; vilify; disgrace.

Scan"dal*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scandalized (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Scandalizing (&?;).] [F. scandaliser, L. scandalizare, from Gr. skandali`zein.] 1. To offend the feelings or the conscience of (a person) by some action which is considered immoral or criminal; to bring shame, disgrace, or reproach upon.

I demand who they are whom we scandalize by using harmless things.

Hooker.

The congregation looked on in silence, the better class
scandalized, and the lower orders, some laughing, others backing
the soldier or the minister, as their fancy dictated.

Sir W. Scott.

2. To reproach; to libel; to defame; to slander.

To tell his tale might be interpreted into scandalizing the order.

Sir W. Scott.

Scan"dal*ous (?), a. [Cf. F. scandaleux.] 1. Giving offense to the conscience or moral feelings; exciting reprobation; calling out condemnation.

Nothing scandalous or offensive unto any.

Hooker.

2. Disgraceful to reputation; bringing shame or infamy; opprobrious; as, a scandalous crime or vice.

3. Defamatory; libelous; as, a scandalous story.

Scan"dal*ous*ly, adv. 1. In a manner to give offense; shamefully.

His discourse at table was scandalously unbecoming the dignity of
his station.

Swift.

2. With a disposition to impute immorality or wrong.

Shun their fault, who, scandalously nice, Will needs mistake an
author into vice.

Pope.

Scan"dal*ous*ness, n. Quality of being scandalous.

||Scan"da*lum mag*na"tum` (?). [L., scandal of magnates.] (Law) A ||defamatory speech or writing published to the injury of a person of ||dignity; -- usually abbreviated scan. mag.

Scan"dent (?), a. [L. scandens, -entis, p. pr. of scandere to climb.] Climbing.

Scandent plants may climb either by twining, as the hop, or by twisted leafstalks, as the clematis, or by tendrils, as the passion flower, or by rootlets, as the ivy.

Scan"di*a (?), n. [NL. See Scandium.] (Chem.) A chemical earth, the oxide of scandium.

Scan"dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to scandium; derived from, or containing, scandium.

Scan`di*na"vi*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Scandinavia, that is, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Scandinavia.

Scan"di*um (?), n. [NL. So called because found in Scandinavian minerals.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of the boron group, whose existence was predicted under the provisional name ekaboron by means of the periodic law, and subsequently discovered by spectrum analysis in certain rare Scandinavian minerals (euxenite and gadolinite). It has not yet been isolated. Symbol Sc. Atomic weight 44.

Scan"sion (?), n. [L. scansio, fr. scandere, scansum, to climb. See Scan.] (Pros.) The act of scanning; distinguishing the metrical feet of a verse by emphasis, pauses, or otherwise.

||Scan*so"res (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. scandere, scansum, to climb.] ||(Zoöl.) An artifical group of birds formerly regarded as an order. ||They are distributed among several orders by modern ornithologists.

The toes are in pairs, two before and two behind, by which they are enabled to cling to, and climb upon, trees, as the woodpeckers, parrots, cuckoos, and trogons. See Illust. under Aves.

Scan*so"ri*al (?), a. (Zoöl.) (a) Capable of climbing; as, the woodpecker is a scansorial bird; adapted for climbing; as, a scansorial foot. (b) Of or pertaining to the Scansores. See Illust.. under Aves.

Scansorial tail (Zoöl.), a tail in which the feathers are stiff and sharp at the tip, as in the woodpeckers.

Scant (?), a. [Compar. Scanter (?); superl. Scantest.] [Icel. skamt, neuter of skamr, skammr, short; cf. skamta to dole out, to portion.] 1. Not full, large, or plentiful; scarcely sufficient; less than is wanted for the purpose; scanty; meager; not enough; as, a scant allowance of provisions or water; a scant pattern of cloth for a garment.

His sermon was scant, in all, a quarter of an hour.

Ridley.

2. Sparing; parsimonious; chary.

Be somewhat scanter of your maiden presence.

Shak.

Syn. -- See under Scanty.

Scant, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Scanting.] 1. To limit; to straiten; to treat illiberally; to stint; as, to scant one in provisions; to scant ourselves in the use of necessaries.

Where a man hath a great living laid together and where he is
scanted.

Bacon.

I am scanted in the pleasure of dwelling on your actions.

Dryden.

2. To cut short; to make small, narrow, or scanty; to curtail. "Scant not my cups." Shak.

Scant, v. i. To fail, or become less; to scantle; as, the wind scants.

Scant, adv. In a scant manner; with difficulty; scarcely; hardly. [Obs.] Bacon.

So weak that he was scant able to go down the stairs.

Fuller.

Scant, n. Scantness; scarcity. [R.] T. Carew.

Scant"i*ly (?), adv. In a scanty manner; not fully; not plentifully; sparingly; parsimoniously.

His mind was very scantily stored with materials.

Macaulay.

Scant"i*ness, n. Quality or condition of being scanty.

Scan"tle (?), v. i. [Dim. of scant, v.] To be deficient; to fail. [Obs.] Drayton.

Scan"tle (?), v. t. [OF. escanteler, eschanteler, to break into contles; pref. es- (L. ex) + cantel, chantel, corner, side, piece. Confused with E. scant. See Cantle.] To scant; to be niggard of; to divide into small pieces; to cut short or down. [Obs.]

All their pay Must your discretion scantle; keep it back.

J. Webster.

Scant"let (?), n. [OF. eschantelet corner.] A small pattern; a small quantity. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Scant"ling (?), a. [See Scant, a.] Not plentiful; small; scanty. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Scant"ling, n. [Cf. OF. eschantillon, F. échantillon, a sample, pattern, example. In some senses confused with scant insufficient. See Scantle, v. t.] 1. A fragment; a bit; a little piece. Specifically: (a) A piece or quantity cut for a special purpose; a sample. [Obs.]

Such as exceed not this scantling; -- to be solace to the sovereign
and harmless to the people.

Bacon.

A pretty scantling of his knowledge may taken by his deferring to
be baptized so many years.

Milton.

(b) A small quantity; a little bit; not much. [Obs.]

Reducing them to narrow scantlings.

Jer. Taylor.

2. A piece of timber sawed or cut of a small size, as for studs, rails, etc.

3. The dimensions of a piece of timber with regard to its breadth and thickness; hence, the measure or dimensions of anything.

4. A rough draught; a rude sketch or outline.

5. A frame for casks to lie upon; a trestle. Knight.

Scant"ly, adv. 1. In a scant manner; not fully or sufficiently; narrowly; penuriously. Dryden.

2. Scarcely; hardly; barely.

Scantly they durst their feeble eyes dispread Upon that town.

Fairfax.

We hold a tourney here to-morrow morn, And there is scantly time
for half the work.

Tennyson.

Scant"ness, n. The quality or condition of being scant; narrowness; smallness; insufficiency; scantiness. "Scantness of outward things." Barrow.

Scant"y (?), a. [Compar. Scantier (?); superl. Scantiest.] [From Scant, a.] 1. Wanting amplitude or extent; narrow; small; not abundant.

His dominions were very narrow and scanty.

Locke.

Now scantier limits the proud arch confine.

Pope.

2. Somewhat less than is needed; insufficient; scant; as, a scanty supply of words; a scanty supply of bread.

3. Sparing; niggardly; parsimonious.

In illustrating a point of difficulty, be not too scanty of words.

I. Watts.

Syn. -- Scant; narrow; small; poor; deficient; meager; scarce; chary; sparing; parsimonious; penurious; niggardly; grudging.

Scape (?), n. [L. scapus shaft, stem, stalk; cf. Gr. &?; a staff: cf. F. scape. Cf. Scepter.] 1. (Bot.) A peduncle rising from the ground or from a subterranean stem, as in the stemless violets, the bloodroot, and the like.

2. (Zoöl.) The long basal joint of the antennæ of an insect.

3. (Arch.) (a) The shaft of a column. (b) The apophyge of a shaft.

Scape, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Scaped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaping.] [Aphetic form of escape.] To escape. [Obs. or Poetic.] Milton.

Out of this prison help that we may scape.

Chaucer.

Scape, n. 1. An escape. [Obs.]

I spake of most disastrous chances, . . . Of hairbreadth scapes in
the imminent, deadly breach.

Shak.

2. Means of escape; evasion. [Obs.] Donne.

3. A freak; a slip; a fault; an escapade. [Obs.]

Not pardoning so much as the scapes of error and ignorance.

Milton.

4. Loose act of vice or lewdness. [Obs.] Shak.

Scape"gal`lows (?), n. One who has narrowly escaped the gallows for his crimes. [Colloq.] Dickens.

Scape"goat` (?), n. [Scape (for escape) + goat.] 1. (Jewish Antiq.) A goat upon whose head were symbolically placed the sins of the people, after which he was suffered to escape into the wilderness. Lev. xvi. 10.

2. Hence, a person or thing that is made to bear blame for others. Tennyson.

Scape"grace` (?), n. A graceless, unprincipled person; one who is wild and reckless. Beaconsfield.

Scape"less, a. (Bot.) Destitute of a scape.

Scape"ment (?), n. [See Scape, v., Escapement.] Same as Escapement, 3.

Scape"-wheel` (?), n. (Horol.) The wheel in an escapement (as of a clock or a watch) into the teeth of which the pallets play.

Sca*phan"der (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;, anything hollowed + &?;, &?;, a man: cf. F. scaphandre.] The case, or impermeable apparel, in which a diver can work while under water.

Scaph"ism (?), n. [Gr. ska`fh a trough.] An ancient mode of punishing criminals among the Persians, by confining the victim in a trough, with his head and limbs smeared with honey or the like, and exposed to the sun and to insects until he died.

Scaph"ite (?), n. [L. scapha a boat, fr. Gr. ska`fh a boat, anything dug or scooped out, fr. ska`ptein to dig.] (Paleon.) Any fossil cephalopod shell of the genus Scaphites, belonging to the Ammonite family and having a chambered boat-shaped shell. Scaphites are found in the Cretaceous formation.

Scaph`o*ce*phal"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or affected with, scaphocephaly.

Scaph`o*ceph"a*ly (?), n. [Gr. ska`fh a boat + kefalh` head.] (Anat.) A deformed condition of the skull, in which the vault is narrow, elongated, and more or less boat-shaped.

Scaph`o*ce"rite (?), n. [Gr. ska`fh boat + E. cerite.] (Zoöl.) A flattened plate or scale attached to the second joint of the antennæ of many Crustacea.

Sca*phog"na*thite (?), n. [Gr. ska`fh boat + gna`qos jaw.] (Zoöl.) A thin leafike appendage (the exopodite) of the second maxilla of decapod crustaceans. It serves as a pumping organ to draw the water through the gill cavity.

Scaph"oid (?; 277), a. [Gr. ska`fh a boat + -oid: cf. F. scaphoïde.] (Anat.) Resembling a boat in form; boat-shaped. -- n. The scaphoid bone.

Scaphoid bone (a) One of the carpal bones, which articulates with the radius; the radiale. (b) One of the tarsal bones; the navicular bone. See under Navicular.

Scaph`o*lu"nar (?), a. [Scaphoid + lunar.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the scaphoid and lunar bones of the carpus. -- n. The scapholunar bone.

Scapholunar bone, a bone formed by the coalescence of the scaphoid and lunar in the carpus of carnivora.

||Sca*phop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ska`fh a boat + -poda.] ||(Zoöl.) A class of marine cephalate Mollusca having a tubular shell ||open at both ends, a pointed or spadelike foot for burrowing, and ||many long, slender, prehensile oral tentacles. It includes Dentalium, ||or the tooth shells, and other similar shells. Called also ||Prosopocephala, and Solenoconcha.

Sca"pi*form (?), a. (Bot.) Resembling a scape, or flower stem.

Scap"o*lite (skp"*lt), n. [Gr. &?; a staff, or L. scapus a stem, stalk + -lite: cf. F. scapolite.] (Mon.) A grayish white mineral occuring in tetragonal crystals and in cleavable masses. It is essentially a silicate of alumina and soda.

The scapolite group includes scapolite proper, or wernerite, also meionite, dipyre, etc.

Scap"ple (skp"p'l), v. t. [Cf. OF. eskapeler, eschapler, to cut, hew, LL. scapellare. Cf. Scabble.] (a) To work roughly, or shape without finishing, as stone before leaving the quarry. (b) To dress in any way short of fine tooling or rubbing, as stone. Gwilt.

Scap"u*la (skp"*l), n.; pl. L. Scapulæ (#), E. Scapulas (#). [L.] 1. (Anat.) The principal bone of the shoulder girdle in mammals; the shoulder blade.

2. (Zoöl.) One of the plates from which the arms of a crinoid arise.

Scap"u*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. scapulaire. Cf. Scapulary.] Of or pertaining to the scapula or the shoulder.

Scapular arch (Anat.), the pectoral arch. See under pectoral. -- Scapular region, or Scapular tract (Zoöl.), a definite longitudinal area over the shoulder and along each side of the back of a bird, from which the scapular feathers arise.

Scap"u*lar, n. (Zoöl.) One of a special group of feathers which arise from each of the scapular regions and lie along the sides of the back.

{ Scap"u*lar (?), Scap"u*la*ry (?) }, n. [F. scapulaire, LL. scapularium, scapulare, fr. L. scapula shoulder blade.] 1. (R. C. Ch.) (a) A loose sleeveless vestment falling in front and behind, worn by certain religious orders and devout persons. (b) The name given to two pieces of cloth worn under the ordinary garb and over the shoulders as an act of devotion. Addis & Arnold.

2. (Surg.) A bandage passing over the shoulder to support it, or to retain another bandage in place.

Scap"u*la*ry, a. Same as Scapular, a.

Scap"u*la*ry, n. (Zoöl.) Same as 2d and 3d Scapular.

Scap"u*let (?), n. [Dim. of scapula.] (Zoöl.) A secondary mouth fold developed at the base of each of the armlike lobes of the manubrium of many rhizostome medusæ. See Illustration in Appendix.

Scap"u*lo- (&?;). A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the scapula or the shoulder; as, the scapulo-clavicular articulation, the articulation between the scapula and clavicle.

||Sca"pus (?), n. [L.] See 1st Scape.

Scar (?), n. [OF. escare, F. eschare an eschar, a dry slough (cf. It. & Sp. escara), L. eschara, fr. Gr. &?; hearth, fireplace, scab, eschar. Cf. Eschar.] 1. A mark in the skin or flesh of an animal, made by a wound or ulcer, and remaining after the wound or ulcer is healed; a cicatrix; a mark left by a previous injury; a blemish; a disfigurement.

This earth had the beauty of youth, . . . and not a wrinkle, scar,
or fracture on all its body.

T. Burnet.

2. (Bot.) A mark left upon a stem or branch by the fall of a leaf, leaflet, or frond, or upon a seed by the separation of its support. See Illust.. under Axillary.

Scar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarring.] To mark with a scar or scars.

Yet I'll not shed her blood; Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than
snow.

Shak.

His cheeks were deeply scarred.

Macaulay.

Scar, v. i. To form a scar.

Scar, n. [Scot. scar, scaur, Icel. sker a skerry, an isolated rock in the sea; akin to Dan. skiær, Sw. skär. Cf. Skerry.] An isolated or protruding rock; a steep, rocky eminence; a bare place on the side of a mountain or steep bank of earth. [Written also scaur.]

O sweet and far, from cliff and scar, The horns of Elfland faintly
blowing.

Tennyson.

Scar, n. [L. scarus, a kind of fish, Gr. ska`ros.] (Zoöl.) A marine food fish, the scarus, or parrot fish.

{ Scar"ab (?), Scar"a*bee (?) }, n. [L. scarabaeus; cf. F. scarabée.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of lamellicorn beetles of the genus Scarabæus, or family Scarabæidæ, especially the sacred, or Egyptian, species (Scarabæus sacer, and S. Egyptiorum).

||Scar`a*bæ"us (?), n. [L.] (Zoöl.) Same as Scarab.

Scar"a*boid (?), a. [Scarab + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the family Scarabæidæ, an extensive group which includes the Egyptian scarab, the tumbledung, and many similar lamellicorn beetles.

Scar"a*boid, n. (Zoöl.) A scaraboid beetle.

Scar"a*mouch` (?), n. [F. scaramouche, It. scaramuccio, scaramuccia, originally the name of a celebrated Italian comedian; cf. It. scaramuccia, scaramuccio, F. escarmouche, skirmish. Cf. Skirmish.] A personage in the old Italian comedy (derived from Spain) characterized by great boastfulness and poltroonery; hence, a person of like characteristics; a buffoon.

Scarce (skârs), a. [Compar. Scarcer (skâr"sr); superl. Scarcest.] [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, excarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See Carpet, and cf. Excerp.] 1. Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon.

You tell him silver is scarcer now in England, and therefore risen
one fifth in value.

Locke.

The scarcest of all is a Pescennius Niger on a medallion well
preserved.

Addison.

2. Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); - - with of. [Obs.] "A region scarce of prey." Milton.

3. Sparing; frugal; parsimonious; stingy. [Obs.] "Too scarce ne too sparing." Chaucer.

To make one's self scarce, to decamp; to depart. [Slang]

Syn. -- Rare; infrequent; deficient. See Rare.

{ Scarce, Scarce"ly }, adv. 1. With difficulty; hardly; scantly; barely; but just.

With a scarce well-lighted flame.

Milton.

The eldest scarcely five year was of age.

Chaucer.

Slowly she sails, and scarcely stems the tides.

Dryden.

He had scarcely finished, when the laborer arrived who had been
sent for my ransom.

W. Irving.

2. Frugally; penuriously. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Scarce"ment (?), n. (Arch. & Engin.) An offset where a wall or bank of earth, etc., retreats, leaving a shelf or footing.

{ Scarce"ness (?), Scar"ci*ty (?) }, n. The quality or condition of being scarce; smallness of quantity in proportion to the wants or demands; deficiency; lack of plenty; short supply; penury; as, a scarcity of grain; a great scarcity of beauties. Chaucer.

A scarcity of snow would raise a mutiny at Naples.

Addison.

Praise . . . owes its value to its scarcity.

Rambler.

The value of an advantage is enhanced by its scarceness.

Collier.

Syn. -- Deficiency; lack; want; penury; dearth; rareness; rarity; infrequency.

Scard (?), n. A shard or fragment. [Obs.]

Scare (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scaring.] [OE. skerren, skeren, Icel. skirra to bar, prevent, skirrask to shun , shrink from; or fr. OE. skerre, adj., scared, Icel. skjarr; both perhaps akin to E. sheer to turn.] To frighten; to strike with sudden fear; to alarm.

The noise of thy crossbow Will scare the herd, and so my shoot is
lost.

Shak.

To scare away, to drive away by frightening. -- To scare up, to find by search, as if by beating for game. [Slang]

Syn. -- To alarm; frighten; startle; affright; terrify.

Scare, n. Fright; esp., sudden fright produced by a trifling cause, or originating in mistake. [Colloq.]

Scare"crow` (?), n. 1. Anything set up to frighten crows or other birds from cornfields; hence, anything terifying without danger.

A scarecrow set to frighten fools away.

Dryden.

2. A person clad in rags and tatters.

No eye hath seen such scarecrows. I'll not march with them through
Coventry, that's flat.

Shak.

3. (Zoöl.) The black tern. [Prov. Eng.]

Scare"fire` (?), n. 1. An alarm of fire. [Obs.]

2. A fire causing alarm. [Obs.] Fuller.

Scarf (skärf), n. [Icel. skarfr.] A cormorant. [Scot.]

Scarf, n.; pl. Scarfs, rarely Scarves (skärvz). [Cf. OF. escharpe a pilgrim's scrip, or wallet (hanging about the neck), F. écharpe sash, scarf; probably from OHG. scharpe pocket; also (from the French) Dan. skiærf; Sw. skärp, Prov. G. schärfe, LG. scherf, G. schärpe; and also AS. scearf a fragment; possibly akin to E. scrip a wallet. Cf. Scarp a scarf.] An article of dress of a light and decorative character, worn loosely over the shoulders or about the neck or the waist; a light shawl or handkerchief for the neck; also, a cravat; a neckcloth.

Put on your hood and scarf.

Swift.

With care about the banners, scarves, and staves.

R. Browning.

Scarf, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarfed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarfing.] 1. To throw on loosely; to put on like a scarf. "My sea-gown scarfed about me." Shak.

2. To dress with a scarf, or as with a scarf; to cover with a loose wrapping. Shak.

Scarf, v. t. [Sw. skarfva to eke out, to join together, skarf a seam, joint; cf. Dan. skarre to joint, to unite timber, Icel. skara to clinch the planks of a boat, G. scharben to chop, to cut small.] (a) To form a scarf on the end or edge of, as for a joint in timber, metal rods, etc. (b) To unite, as two pieces of timber or metal, by a scarf joint.

Scarf (?), n. (a) In a piece which is to be united to another by a scarf joint, the part of the end or edge that is tapered off, rabbeted, or notched so as to be thinner than the rest of the piece. (b) A scarf joint.

Scarf joint (a) A joint made by overlapping and bolting or locking together the ends of two pieces of timber that are halved, notched, or cut away so that they will fit each other and form a lengthened beam of the same size at the junction as elsewhere. (b) A joint formed by welding, riveting, or brazing together the overlapping scarfed ends, or edges, of metal rods, sheets, etc. -- Scarf weld. See under Weld.

Scarf"skin` (?), n. (Anat.) See Epidermis.

Scar`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. scarificatio: cf. F. scarification.] The act of scarifying.

Scar"i*fi*ca`tor (?), n. [Cf. F. scarificateur.] (Surg.) An instrument, principally used in cupping, containing several lancets moved simultaneously by a spring, for making slight incisions.

Scar"i*fi`er (?), n. 1. One who scarifies.

2. (Surg.) The instrument used for scarifying.

3. (Agric.) An implement for stripping and loosening the soil, without bringing up a fresh surface.

You have your scarifiers to make the ground clean.

Southey.

Scar"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarifying (?).] [F. scarifier, L. scarificare, scarifare, fr. Gr. &?; to scratch up, fr. &?; a pointed instrument.] 1. To scratch or cut the skin of; esp. (Med.), to make small incisions in, by means of a lancet or scarificator, so as to draw blood from the smaller vessels without opening a large vein.

2. (Agric.) To stir the surface soil of, as a field.

{ Sca"ri*ose (?), Sca"ri*ous (?) }, a. [F. scarieux, NL. scariosus. Cf. Scary.] (Bot.) Thin, dry, membranous, and not green. Gray.

Scar`la*ti"na (?), n. [NL.: cf. F. scarlatine. See Scarlet.] (Med.) Scarlet fever. -- Scar`la*ti"nal (#), a. -- Scar*lat"i*nous (# or #), a.

Scar"less (?), a. Free from scar. Drummond.

Scar"let (?), n. [OE. scarlat, scarlet, OF. escarlate, F. écarlate (cf. Pr. escarlat, escarlata, Sp. & Pg. escarlata, It. scarlatto, LL. scarlatum), from Per. sakirlt.] A deep bright red tinged with orange or yellow, -- of many tints and shades; a vivid or bright red color.

2. Cloth of a scarlet color.

All her household are clothed with scarlet.

Prov. xxxi. 21.

Scar"let, a. Of the color called scarlet; as, a scarlet cloth or thread.

Scarlet admiral (Zoöl.), the red admiral. See under Red. -- Scarlet bean (Bot.), a kind of bean (Phaseolus multiflorus) having scarlet flowers; scarlet runner. -- Scarlet fever (Med.), a contagious febrile disease characterized by inflammation of the fauces and a scarlet rash, appearing usually on the second day, and ending in desquamation about the sixth or seventh day. -- Scarlet fish (Zoöl.), the telescope fish; -- so called from its red color. See under Telescope. -- Scarlet ibis (Zoöl.) See under Ibis. -- Scarlet maple (Bot.), the red maple. See Maple. -- Scarlet mite (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of bright red carnivorous mites found among grass and moss, especially Thombidium holosericeum and allied species. The young are parasitic upon spiders and insects. -- Scarlet oak (Bot.), a species of oak (Quercus coccinea) of the United States; -- so called from the scarlet color of its leaves in autumn. -- Scarlet runner (Bot.), the scarlet bean. -- Scarlet tanager. (Zoöl.) See under Tanager.

Scar"let, v. t. To dye or tinge with scarlet. [R.]

The ashy paleness of my cheek Is scarleted in ruddy flakes of
wrath.

Ford.

{ Scar"mage (?), Scar"moge (?) }, n. A slight contest; a skirmish. See Skirmish. [Obs.]

Such cruel game my scarmoges disarms.

Spenser.

Scarn (?), n. [Icel. skarn; akin to AS. scearn. Cf. Shearn.] Dung. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ray.

Scarn bee (Zoöl.), a dung beetle.

Sca"roid, a. [Scarus + - oid.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Scaridæ, a family of marine fishes including the parrot fishes.

Scarp (?), n. [OF. escharpe. See 2d Scarf.] (Her.) A band in the same position as the bend sinister, but only half as broad as the latter.

Scarp, n. [Aphetic form of Escarp.] 1. (Fort.) The slope of the ditch nearest the parapet; the escarp.

2. A steep descent or declivity.

Scarp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scarped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scarping.] To cut down perpendicularly, or nearly so; as, to scarp the face of a ditch or a rock.

From scarped cliff and quarried stone.

Tennyson.

Sweep ruins from the scarped mountain.

Emerson.

Scar"ring (?), n. A scar; a mark.

We find upon the limestone rocks the scarrings of the ancient
glacier which brought the bowlder here.

Tyndall.

Scar"ry (?), a. Bearing scars or marks of wounds.

Scar"ry, a. [See 4th Scar.] Like a scar, or rocky eminence; containing scars. Holinshed.

||Sca"rus (?), n. [L. See Scar a kind of fish.] (Zoöl.) A Mediterranean ||food fish (Sparisoma scarus) of excellent quality and highly valued ||by the Romans; -- called also parrot fish.

Sca"ry (?), n. [Prov. E. scare scraggy.] Barren land having only a thin coat of grass. [Prov. Eng.]

Scar"y (?), a. [From Scare.] 1. Subject to sudden alarm. [Colloq. U. S.] Whittier.

2. Causing fright; alarming. [Colloq. U. S.]

Scase"ly (?), adv. Scarcely; hardly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Robynson (More's Utopia)

Scat (skt), interj. Go away; begone; away; -- chiefly used in driving off a cat.

{ Scat, Scatt }, n. [Icel. skattr.] Tribute. [R.] "Seizing scatt and treasure." Longfellow.

Scat, n. A shower of rain. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

Scatch (?), n. [F. escache.] A kind of bit for the bridle of a horse; -- called also scatchmouth. Bailey.

Scatch"es (?), n. pl. [OF. eschaces, F. échasses, fr. D. schaats a high-heeled shoe, a skate. See Skate, for the foot.] Stilts. [Prov. Eng.]

Scate (skt), n. See Skate, for the foot.

Scat"e*brous (?), a. [L. scatebra a gushing up of water, from scatere to bubble, gush.] Abounding with springs. [Obs.]

Scath (skth; 277), n. [Icel. skaði; akin to Dan. skade, Sw. skada, AS. sceaða, scaða, foe, injurer, OS. skaðo, D. schade, harm, injury, OHG. scade, G. schade, schaden; cf. Gr. 'askhqh`s unharmed. Cf. Scathe, v.] Harm; damage; injury; hurt; waste; misfortune. [Written also scathe.]

But she was somedeal deaf, and that was skathe.

Chaucer.

Great mercy, sure, for to enlarge a thrall, Whose freedom shall
thee turn to greatest scath.

Spenser.

Wherein Rome hath done you any scath, Let him make treble
satisfaction.

Shak.

{ Scathe (sk; 277), Scath (skth; 277) }, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scathed (skd or sktht); p. pr. & vb. n. Scathing (sk"ng or skth"-).] [Icel. skaða; akin to AS. sceaðan, sceððan, Dan. skade, Sw. skada, D. & G. schaden, OHG. scadn, Goth. skaþjan.] To do harm to; to injure; to damage; to waste; to destroy.

As when heaven's fire Hath scathed the forest oaks or mountain
pines.

Milton.

Strokes of calamity that scathe and scorch the soul.

W. Irving.

Scath"ful (?), a. Harmful; doing damage; pernicious. Shak.

-- Scath"ful*ness, n.

Scath"less, a. Unharmed. R. L. Stevenson.

He, too, . . . is to be dismissed scathless.

Sir W. Scott.

Scath"ly, a. Injurious; scathful. [Obs.]

Scat"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scattered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scattering.] [OE. scateren. See Shatter.] 1. To strew about; to sprinkle around; to throw down loosely; to deposit or place here and there, esp. in an open or sparse order.

And some are scattered all the floor about.

Chaucer.

Why should my muse enlarge on Libyan swains, Their scattered
cottages, and ample plains?

Dryden.

Teach the glad hours to scatter, as they fly, Soft quiet, gentle
love, and endless joy.

Prior.

2. To cause to separate in different directions; to reduce from a close or compact to a loose or broken order; to dissipate; to disperse.

Scatter and disperse the giddy Goths.

Shak.

3. Hence, to frustrate, disappoint, and overthrow; as, to scatter hopes, plans, or the like.

Syn. -- To disperse; dissipate; spread; strew.

Scat"ter, v. i. To be dispersed or dissipated; to disperse or separate; as, clouds scatter after a storm.

Scat"ter-brain` (?), n. A giddy or thoughtless person; one incapable of concentration or attention. [Written also scatter-brains.]

Scat"ter-brained` (?), a. Giddy; thoughtless.

Scat"tered (?), a. 1. Dispersed; dissipated; sprinkled, or loosely spread.

2. (Bot.) Irregular in position; having no regular order; as, scattered leaves.

-- Scat"tered*ly, adv. -- Scat"tered*ness, n.

Scat"ter*good` (?), n. One who wastes; a spendthrift.

Scat"ter*ing, a. Going or falling in various directions; not united or aggregated; divided among many; as, scattering votes.

Scat"ter*ing, n. Act of strewing about; something scattered. South.

Scat"ter*ing*ly, adv. In a scattering manner; dispersedly.

Scat"ter*ling (?), n. [Scatter + -ling.] One who has no fixed habitation or residence; a vagabond. [Obs.] "Foreign scatterlings." Spenser.

Sca*tu"ri*ent (?), a.[L. scaturiens, p. pr. of scaturire gush out, from scatere to bubble, gush.] Gushing forth; full to overflowing; effusive. [R.]

A pen so scaturient and unretentive.

Sir W. Scott.

Scat`u*rig"i*nous (?), a. [L. scaturiginosus, fr. scaturigo gushing water. See Scaturient.] Abounding with springs. [Obs.]

Scaup (skp), n. [See Scalp a bed of oysters or mussels.] 1. A bed or stratum of shellfish; scalp. [Scot.]

2. (Zoöl.) A scaup duck. See below.

Scaup duck (Zoöl.), any one of several species of northern ducks of the genus Aythya, or Fuligula. The adult males are, in large part, black. The three North American species are: the greater scaup duck (Aythya marila, var. nearctica), called also broadbill, bluebill, blackhead, flock duck, flocking fowl, and raft duck; the lesser scaup duck (A. affinis), called also little bluebill, river broadbill, and shuffler; the tufted, or ring-necked, scaup duck (A. collaris), called also black jack, ringneck, ringbill, ringbill shuffler, etc. See Illust.. of Ring-necked duck, under Ring-necked. The common European scaup, or mussel, duck (A. marila), closely resembles the American variety.

Scaup"er (?), n. [Cf. Scalper.] A tool with a semicircular edge, -- used by engravers to clear away the spaces between the lines of an engraving. Fairholt.

Scaur (?), n. A precipitous bank or rock; a scar.

Scav"age (?; 48), n. [LL. scavagium, fr. AS. sceáwian to look at, to inspect. See Show.] (O. Eng. Law) A toll or duty formerly exacted of merchant strangers by mayors, sheriffs, etc., for goods shown or offered for sale within their precincts. Cowell.

Scav"enge (?), v. t. To cleanse, as streets, from filth. C. Kingsley.

Scav"en*ger (?), n. [OE. scavager an officer with various duties, originally attending to scavage, fr. OE. & E. scavage. See Scavage, Show, v.] A person whose employment is to clean the streets of a city, by scraping or sweeping, and carrying off the filth. The name is also applied to any animal which devours refuse, carrion, or anything injurious to health.

Scavenger beetle (Zoöl.), any beetle which feeds on decaying substances, as the carrion beetle. -- Scavenger crab (Zoöl.), any crab which feeds on dead animals, as the spider crab. -- Scavenger's daughter [corrupt. of Skevington's daughter], an instrument of torture invented by Sir W. Skevington, which so compressed the body as to force the blood to flow from the nostrils, and sometimes from the hands and feet. Am. Cyc.

||Sca"zon (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ska`zwn, fr. ska`zein to limp.] (Lat. ||Pros.) A choliamb.

Scel"er*at (?), n. [F. scélérat from L. sceleratus, p. p. of scelerare to pollute, from scelus, sceleris, a crime.] A villain; a criminal. [Obs.] Cheyne.

Sce*les"tic (?), a. [L. scelestus, from scelus wickedness.] Evil; wicked; atrocious. [Obs.] "Scelestic villainies." Feltham.

Scel"et (?), n. [See Skeleton.] A mummy; a skeleton. [Obs.] Holland.

||Sce"na (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) (a) A scene in an opera. (b) An ||accompanied dramatic recitative, interspersed with passages of ||melody, or followed by a full aria. Rockstro.

||Sce*na"ri*o (?), n. [It.] A preliminary sketch of the plot, or main ||incidents, of an opera.

Scen"a*ry (?), n. [Cf. L. scaenarius belonging to the stage.] Scenery. [Obs.] Dryden.

Scene (?), n. [L. scaena, scena, Gr. skhnh` a covered place, a tent, a stage.] 1. The structure on which a spectacle or play is exhibited; the part of a theater in which the acting is done, with its adjuncts and decorations; the stage.

2. The decorations and fittings of a stage, representing the place in which the action is supposed to go on; one of the slides, or other devices, used to give an appearance of reality to the action of a play; as, to paint scenes; to shift the scenes; to go behind the scenes.

3. So much of a play as passes without change of locality or time, or important change of character; hence, a subdivision of an act; a separate portion of a play, subordinate to the act, but differently determined in different plays; as, an act of four scenes.

My dismal scene I needs must act alone.

Shak.

4. The place, time, circumstance, etc., in which anything occurs, or in which the action of a story, play, or the like, is laid; surroundings amid which anything is set before the imagination; place of occurrence, exhibition, or action. "In Troy, there lies the scene." Shak.

The world is a vast scene of strife.

J. M. Mason.

5. An assemblage of objects presented to the view at once; a series of actions and events exhibited in their connection; a spectacle; a show; an exhibition; a view.

Through what new scenes and changes must we pass!

Addison.

6. A landscape, or part of a landscape; scenery.

A sylvan scene with various greens was drawn, Shades on the sides,
and in the midst a lawn.

Dryden.

7. An exhibition of passionate or strong feeling before others; often, an artifical or affected action, or course of action, done for effect; a theatrical display.

Probably no lover of scenes would have had very long to wait for
some explosions between parties, both equally ready to take
offense, and careless of giving it.

De Quincey.

Behind the scenes, behind the scenery of a theater; out of the view of the audience, but in sight of the actors, machinery, etc.; hence, conversant with the hidden motives and agencies of what appears to public view.

Scene, v. t. To exhibit as a scene; to make a scene of; to display. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.

Scene"ful (?), a. Having much scenery. [R.]

Scene"man (?), n.; pl. Scenemen (&?;). The man who manages the movable scenes in a theater.

Scen"er*y (?), n. 1. Assemblage of scenes; the paintings and hangings representing the scenes of a play; the disposition and arrangement of the scenes in which the action of a play, poem, etc., is laid; representation of place of action or occurence.

2. Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination of natural views, as woods, hills, etc.

Never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime
and beautiful of natural scenery.

W. Irving.

Scene"shift`er (?), n. One who moves the scenes in a theater; a sceneman.

{ Scen"ic (?), Scen"ic*al (?) }, a. [L. scaenicus, scenicus, Gr. &?;: cf. F. scénique. See Scene.] Of or pertaining to scenery; of the nature of scenery; theatrical.

All these situations communicate a scenical animation to the wild
romance, if treated dramatically.

De Quincey.

Scen"o*graph (?), n. [See Scenography.] A perspective representation or general view of an object.

{ Scen`o*graph"ic (?), Scen`o*graph"ic*al (?) }, a. [Cf. F. scénographique, Gr. &?;.] Of or pertaining to scenography; drawn in perspective. -- Scen`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Sce*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [L. scaenographia, Gr. &?;; &?; scene, stage + gra`fein to write: cf. F. scénographie.] The art or act of representing a body on a perspective plane; also, a representation or description of a body, in all its dimensions, as it appears to the eye. Greenhill.

Scent (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scented; p. pr. & vb. n. Scenting.] [Originally sent, fr. F. sentir to feel, to smell. See Sense.] 1. To perceive by the olfactory organs; to smell; as, to scent game, as a hound does.

Methinks I scent the morning air.

Shak.

2. To imbue or fill with odor; to perfume.

Balm from a silver box distilled around, Shall all bedew the roots,
and scent the sacred ground.

Dryden.

Scent, v. i. 1. To have a smell. [Obs.]

Thunderbolts . . . do scent strongly of brimstone.

Holland.

2. To hunt animals by means of the sense of smell.

Scent, n. 1. That which, issuing from a body, affects the olfactory organs of animals; odor; smell; as, the scent of an orange, or of a rose; the scent of musk.

With lavish hand diffuses scents ambrosial.

Prior.

2. Specifically, the odor left by an animal on the ground in passing over it; as, dogs find or lose the scent; hence, course of pursuit; track of discovery.

He gained the observations of innumerable ages, and traveled upon
the same scent into Ethiopia.

Sir W. Temple.

3. The power of smelling; the sense of smell; as, a hound of nice scent; to divert the scent. I. Watts.

Scent"ful (?), a. 1. Full of scent or odor; odorous. "A scentful nosegay." W. Browne.

2. Of quick or keen smell.

The scentful osprey by the rock had fished.

W. Browne.

Scent"ing*ly (?), adv. By scent. [R.] Fuller.

Scent"less, a. Having no scent.

The scentless and the scented rose.

Cowper.

||Scep"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?; doubt, fr. &?; to consider: cf. ||G. skepsis. See Skeptic.] Skepticism; skeptical philosophy. [R.]

Among their products were the system of Locke, the scepsis of Hume,
the critical philosophy of Kant.

J. Martineau.

{ Scep"ter, Scep"tre } (?), n. [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. &?; a staff to lean upon, a scepter; probably akin to E. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.] 1. A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace.

And the king held out Esther the golden scepter that was in his
hand.

Esther v. 2.

2. Hence, royal or imperial power or authority; sovereignty; as, to assume the scepter.

The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from
between his feet, until Shiloh come.

Gen. xlix. 10.

{ Scep"ter, Scep"tre }, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sceptered (?) or Sceptred (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Sceptering (?) or Sceptring (&?;).] To endow with the scepter, or emblem of authority; to invest with royal authority.

To Britain's queen the sceptered suppliant bends.

Tickell.

Scep`ter*el"late (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having a straight shaft with whorls of spines; -- said of certain sponge spicules. See Illust. under Spicule.

{ Scep"ter*less, Scep"tre*less }, a. Having no scepter; without authority; powerless; as, a scepterless king.

{ Scep"tic (?), Scep"tic*al, Scep"ti*cism, etc.} See Skeptic, Skeptical, Skepticism, etc.

Scep"tral (?), a. Of or pertaining to a scepter; like a scepter.

Scern (?), v. t. To discern; to perceive. [Obs.]

Schade (?), n. Shade; shadow. [Obs.]

English words now beginning with sh, like shade, were formerly often spelled with a c between the s and h; as, schade; schame; schape; schort, etc.

Schah (?), n. See Shah.

Sche"di*asm (?), n. [Gr. &?; an extempore, fr. &?; to do offhand, &?; sudden, fr. &?; near.] Cursory writing on a loose sheet. [R.]

Sched"ule (?; in England commonly ?; 277), n. [F. cédule, formerly also spelt schedule, L. schedula, dim. of scheda, scida, a strip of papyrus bark, a leaf of paper; akin to (or perh. from) Gr. &?; a tablet, leaf, and to L. scindere to cleave, Gr. &?;. See Schism, and cf. Cedule.] A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc.

Syn. -- Catalogue; list; inventory. see List.

Sched"ule, v. t. To form into, or place in, a schedule.

Scheele's" green` (?). [See Scheelite.] (Chem.) See under Green.

Scheel"in (?), n. (Chem.) Scheelium. [Obs.]

Scheel"ite (&?;), n. [From C.W. Scheele, a Swedish chemist.] (Min.) Calcium tungstate, a mineral of a white or pale yellowish color and of the tetragonal system of crystallization.

Schee"li*um (?), n. [NL. From C.W. Scheele, who discovered it.] (Chem.) The metal tungsten. [Obs.]

Scheik (shk or shk), n. See Sheik.

Schel"ly (?), n. (Zoöl.) The powan. [Prov. Eng.]

||Sche"ma (?), n.; pl. Schemata (#), E. Schemas (#). [G. See Scheme.] ||(Kantian Philos.) An outline or image universally applicable to a ||general conception, under which it is likely to be presented to the ||mind; as, five dots in a line are a schema of the number five; a ||preceding and succeeding event are a schema of cause and effect.

Sche*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. Gr. &?; pretended.] Of or pertaining to a scheme or a schema.

Sche"ma*tism (?), n. [Cf. F. schématisme (cf. L. schematismos florid speech), fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to form. See Scheme.] 1. (Astrol.) Combination of the aspects of heavenly bodies.

2. Particular form or disposition of a thing; an exhibition in outline of any systematic arrangement. [R.]

Sche"ma*tist (?), n. One given to forming schemes; a projector; a schemer. Swift.

Sche"ma*tize (?), v. i. [Cf. F. schématiser, Gr. &?;.] To form a scheme or schemes.

Scheme (?), n. [L. schema a rhetorical figure, a shape, figure, manner, Gr. &?;, &?;, form, shape, outline, plan, fr. &?;, &?;, to have or hold, to hold out, sustain, check, stop; cf. Skr. sah to be victorious, to endure, to hold out, AS. sige victory, G. sieg. Cf. Epoch, Hectic, School.] 1. A combination of things connected and adjusted by design; a system.

The appearance and outward scheme of things.

Locke.

Such a scheme of things as shall at once take in time and eternity.

Atterbury.

Arguments . . . sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole
scheme of moral philosophy.

J. Edwards.

The Revolution came and changed his whole scheme of life.

Macaulay.

2. A plan or theory something to be done; a design; a project; as, to form a scheme.

The stoical scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our
desires, is like cutting off our feet when we want shoes.

Swift.

3. Any lineal or mathematical diagram; an outline.

To draw an exact scheme of Constantinople, or a map of France.

South.

4. (Astrol.) A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment or at a given event.

A blue silk case, from which was drawn a scheme of nativity.

Sir W. Scott.

Syn. -- Plan; project; contrivance; purpose; device; plot. -- Scheme, Plan. Scheme and plan are subordinate to design; they propose modes of carrying our designs into effect. Scheme is the least definite of the two, and lies more in speculation. A plan is drawn out into details with a view to being carried into effect. As schemes are speculative, they often prove visionary; hence the opprobrious use of the words schemer and scheming. Plans, being more practical, are more frequently carried into effect.

He forms the well-concerted scheme of mischief; 'T is fixed, 't is
done, and both are doomed to death.

Rowe.

Artists and plans relieved my solemn hours; I founded palaces, and
planted bowers.

Prior.

Scheme, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scheming.] To make a scheme of; to plan; to design; to project; to plot.

That wickedness which schemed, and executed, his destruction.

G. Stuart.

Scheme, v. i. To form a scheme or schemes.

Scheme"ful (?), a. Full of schemes or plans.

Schem"er (?), n. One who forms schemes; a projector; esp., a plotter; an intriguer.

Schemers and confederates in guilt.

Paley.

Schem"ing, a. Given to forming schemes; artful; intriguing. -- Schem"ing*ly, adv.

Schem"ist, n. A schemer. [R.] Waterland.

Schene (?), n. [L. schoenus, Gr. &?; a rush, a reed, a land measure: cf. F. schène.] (Antiq.) An Egyptian or Persian measure of length, varying from thirty-two to sixty stadia.

Schenk"beer` (?), n. [G. schenkbier; schenken to pour out + bier beer; -- so called because put on draught soon after it is made.] A mild German beer.

Scher"bet (?), n. See Sherbet.

||Scher"if (? or ?), n. See Sherif.

||Scher*zan"do (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) In a playful or sportive manner.

||Scher"zo (?), n. [It.] (Mus.) A playful, humorous movement, commonly ||in 3-4 measure, which often takes the place of the old minuet and ||trio in a sonata or a symphony.

||Sche"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, to have or hold. ||See Scheme.] 1. General state or disposition of the body or mind, or ||of one thing with regard to other things; habitude. [Obs.] Norris.

2. (Rhet.) A figure of speech whereby the mental habitude of an adversary or opponent is feigned for the purpose of arguing against him. Crabb.

{ Schet"ic (?), Schet"ic*al (?) }, a. [Cf. Gr. &?; holding back.] Of or pertaining to the habit of the body; constitutional. [Obs.] Cudworth.

Schie*dam" (?), n. [Short for Schiedam schnapps.] Holland gin made at Schiedam in the Netherlands.

Schil"ler (?), n. [G., play of colors.] (Min.) The peculiar bronzelike luster observed in certain minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar, etc. It is due to the presence of minute inclusions in parallel position, and is sometimes of secondary origin.

Schiller spar (Min.), an altered variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a bronzelike luster.

Schil`ler*i*za"tion (&?;), n. (Min.) The act or process of producing schiller in a mineral mass.

Schil"ling (?), n. [G. See Shilling.] Any one of several small German and Dutch coins, worth from about one and a half cents to about five cents.

||Schin`dy*le"sis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?; a splitting into ||fragments.] (Anat.) A form of articulation in which one bone is ||received into a groove or slit in another.

Schir"rhus (?), n. See Scirrhus.

Schism (?), n. [OE. scisme, OF. cisme, scisme, F. schisme, L. schisma, Gr. schi`sma, fr. schi`zein to split; akin to L. scindere, Skr. chid, and prob. to E. shed, v.t. (which see); cf. Rescind, Schedule, Zest.] Division or separation; specifically (Eccl.), permanent division or separation in the Christian church; breach of unity among people of the same religious faith; the offense of seeking to produce division in a church without justifiable cause.

Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by truth, and
to our schisms by charity.

Eikon Basilike.

Greek schism (Eccl.), the separation of the Greek and Roman churches. -- Great schism, or Western schism (Eccl.) a schism in the Roman church in the latter part of the 14th century, on account of rival claimants to the papal throne. -- Schism act (Law), an act of the English Parliament requiring all teachers to conform to the Established Church, -- passed in 1714, repealed in 1719.

||Schis"ma (?), n. [L., a split, separation, Gr. schi`sma: cf. F. ||schisma. See Schism.] (Anc. Mus.) An interval equal to half a comma.

Schis*mat"ic (sz*mt"k; so nearly all orthoëpists), a. [L. schismaticus, Gr. &?;: cf. F. schismatique.] Of or pertaining to schism; implying schism; partaking of the nature of schism; tending to schism; as, schismatic opinions or proposals.

Schis*mat"ic (?; 277), n. One who creates or takes part in schism; one who separates from an established church or religious communion on account of a difference of opinion. "They were popularly classed together as canting schismatics." Macaulay.

Syn. -- Heretic; partisan. See Heretic.

Schis*mat"ic*al (?), a. Same as Schismatic. -- Schis*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Schis*mat"ic*al*ness, n.

Schis"ma*tize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Schismatized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Schismatizing (?).] [Cf. F. schismatiser.] To take part in schism; to make a breach of communion in the church.

Schism"less (?), a. Free from schism.

Schist (shst), n. [Gr. &?; divided, divisible, fr. &?; to divide: cf. F. schiste. See Schism.] (Geol.) Any crystalline rock having a foliated structure (see Foliation) and hence admitting of ready division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are mica schist, and hornblendic schist, consisting chiefly of quartz with mica or hornblende and often feldspar.

Schis*ta"ceous (?), a. Of a slate color.

Schist"ic (?), a. Schistose.

{ Schis*tose" (?; 277), Schist*ous (?) }, a. [Cf. F. schisteux.] (Geol.) Of or pertaining to schist; having the structure of a schist.

Schis*tos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. schistosité.] (Geol.) The quality or state of being schistose.

Schiz"o- (?). [Gr. &?; to split, cleave.] A combining form denoting division or cleavage; as, schizogenesis, reproduction by fission or cell division.

Schiz"o*carp (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. &?; fruit.] (Bot.) A dry fruit which splits at maturity into several closed one-seeded portions.

Schiz"o*cœle (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. &?; hollow.] (Anat.) See Enterocœle.

Schiz`o*cœ"lous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a schizocœle.

Schiz`o*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Schizo- + genesis.] (Biol.) Reproduction by fission. Haeckel.

Schiz"og*nath (?), n. [See Schizognathous.] (Zoöl.) Any bird with a schizognathous palate.

||Schi*zog"na*thæ (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) The schizognathous birds.

Schi*zog"na*thism (?), n. (Zoöl.) The condition of having a schizognathous palate.

Schi*zog"na*thous (?), a. [Schizo- + Gr. &?; the jaw.] (Zoöl.) Having the maxillo- palatine bones separate from each other and from the vomer, which is pointed in front, as in the gulls, snipes, grouse, and many other birds.

||Schiz`o*my*ce"tes (?), n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. &?; to split + &?;, ||-&?;, a fungus.] (Biol.) An order of Schizophyta, including the ||so-called fission fungi, or bacteria. See Schizophyta, in the ||Supplement.

||Schiz`o*ne*mer"te*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Schizo-, and Nemertes.] ||(Zoöl.) A group of nemerteans comprising those having a deep slit ||along each side of the head. See Illust. in Appendix.

Schiz`o*pel"mous (?), a. [Schizo- + Gr. pe`lma the sole of the foot.] (Zoöl.) Having the two flexor tendons of the toes entirely separate, and the flexor hallucis going to the first toe only.

Schiz"o*phyte (?), n. [Schizo- + Gr. &?; a plant.] (Biol.) One of a class of vegetable organisms, in the classification of Cohn, which includes all of the inferior forms that multiply by fission, whether they contain chlorophyll or not.

Schiz"o*pod (?; 277), n. (Zoöl.) one of the Schizopoda. Also used adjectively.

{ Schiz"o*pod (?; 277), Schi*zop"o*dous (?) }, a. Of or pertaining to a schizopod, or the Schizopoda.

||Schi*zop"o*da (?), n. pl., [NL. See Schizo-, and -poda.] (Zoöl.) A ||division of shrimplike Thoracostraca in which each of the thoracic ||legs has a long fringed upper branch (exopodite) for swimming.

Schiz`o*rhi"nal (?), a. [Schizo- + rhinal.] 1. (Anat.) Having the nasal bones separate.

2. (Zoöl.) Having the anterior nostrils prolonged backward in the form of a slit.

||Schlich (?), n. [G.; akin to LG. slick mud, D. slijk, MHG. slch.] ||(Metal.) The finer portion of a crushed ore, as of gold, lead, or ||tin, separated by the water in certain wet processes. [Written also ||slich, slick.]

Schmel"ze (?), n. [G. schmelz, schmelzglas.] A kind of glass of a red or ruby color, made in Bohemia.

Schnapps (?), n. [G., a dram of spirits.] Holland gin. [U.S.]

Schnei*de"ri*an (&?;), a. (Anat.) Discovered or described by C. V. Schneider, a German anatomist of the seventeenth century.

Schneiderian membrane, the mucous membrane which lines the nasal chambers; the pituitary membrane.

Scho*har"ie grit` (?). (Geol.) The formation belonging to the middle of the three subdivisions of the Corniferous period in the American Devonian system; -- so called from Schoharie, in New York, where it occurs. See the Chart of Geology.

Schol"ar (?), n. [OE. scoler, AS. sclere, fr. L. scholaris belonging to a school, fr. schola a school. See School.] 1. One who attends a school; one who learns of a teacher; one under the tuition of a preceptor; a pupil; a disciple; a learner; a student.

I am no breeching scholar in the schools.

Shak.

2. One engaged in the pursuits of learning; a learned person; one versed in any branch, or in many branches, of knowledge; a person of high literary or scientific attainments; a savant. Shak. Locke.

3. A man of books. Bacon.

4. In English universities, an undergraduate who belongs to the foundation of a college, and receives support in part from its revenues.

Syn. -- Pupil; learner; disciple. -- Scholar, Pupil. Scholar refers to the instruction, and pupil to the care and government, of a teacher. A scholar is one who is under instruction; a pupil is one who is under the immediate and personal care of an instructor; hence we speak of a bright scholar, and an obedient pupil.

Scho*lar"i*ty (?), n. [OF. scholarité, or LL. scholaritas.] Scholarship. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Schol"ar*like` (?), a. Scholarly. Bacon.

Schol"ar*ly, a. Like a scholar, or learned person; showing the qualities of a scholar; as, a scholarly essay or critique. -- adv. In a scholarly manner.

Schol"ar*ship, n. 1. The character and qualities of a scholar; attainments in science or literature; erudition; learning.

A man of my master's . . . great scholarship.

Pope.

2. Literary education. [R.]

Any other house of scholarship.

Milton.

3. Maintenance for a scholar; a foundation for the support of a student. T. Warton.

Syn. -- Learning; erudition; knowledge.