Chapter M: S. Lamson (4)

Scho*las"tic (?), a. [L. scholasticus, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to have leisure, to give lectures, to keep a school, from &?; leisure, a lecture, a school: cf. F. scholastique, scolastique. See School.] 1. Pertaining to, or suiting, a scholar, a school, or schools; scholarlike; as, scholastic manners or pride; scholastic learning. Sir K. Digby.

2. Of or pertaining to the schoolmen and divines of the Middle Ages (see Schoolman); as, scholastic divinity or theology; scholastic philosophy. Locke.

3. Hence, characterized by excessive subtilty, or needlessly minute subdivisions; pedantic; formal.

Scho*las"tic, n. 1. One who adheres to the method or subtilties of the schools. Milton.

2. (R. C. Ch.) See the Note under Jesuit.

Scho*las"tic*al (?), a. & n. Scholastic.

Scho*las"tic*al*ly, adv. In a scholastic manner.

Scho*las"ti*cism (?), n. The method or subtilties of the schools of philosophy; scholastic formality; scholastic doctrines or philosophy.

The spirit of the old scholasticism . . . spurned laborious
investigation and slow induction.

J. P. Smith.

Scho"li*a (?), n. pl. See Scholium.

Scho"li*ast (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a scholium: cf. F. scoliate. See Scholium.] A maker of scholia; a commentator or annotator.

No . . . quotations from Talmudists and scholiasts . . . ever
marred the effect of his grave temperate discourses.

Macaulay.

Scho`li*as"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a scholiast, or his pursuits. Swift.

Scho"li*aze (?), v. i. [Cf. Gr. &?;.] To write scholia. [Obs.] Milton.

Schol"ic*al (?), a. [L. scholicus, Gr. &?;, fr. &?;. See School.] Scholastic. [Obs.] Hales.

||Scho"li*on (?), n. [NL.] A scholium.

A judgment which follows immediately from another is sometimes
called a corollary, or consectary . . . One which illustrates the
science where it appears, but is not an integral part of it, is a
scholion.

Abp. Thomson (Laws of Thought).

Scho"li*um (?), n.; pl. L. Scholia (#), E. Scholiums (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;. See School.] 1. A marginal annotation; an explanatory remark or comment; specifically, an explanatory comment on the text of a classic author by an early grammarian.

2. A remark or observation subjoined to a demonstration or a train of reasoning.

Scho"ly (?), n. A scholium. [Obs.] Hooker.

Scho"ly (?), v. i. & t. To write scholia; to annotate. [Obs.]

School (?), n. [For shoal a crowd; prob. confused with school for learning.] A shoal; a multitude; as, a school of fish.

School, n. [OE. scole, AS. sc&?;lu, L. schola, Gr. &?; leisure, that in which leisure is employed, disputation, lecture, a school, probably from the same root as &?;, the original sense being perhaps, a stopping, a resting. See Scheme.] 1. A place for learned intercourse and instruction; an institution for learning; an educational establishment; a place for acquiring knowledge and mental training; as, the school of the prophets.

Disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus.

Acts xix. 9.

2. A place of primary instruction; an establishment for the instruction of children; as, a primary school; a common school; a grammar school.

As he sat in the school at his primer.

Chaucer.

3. A session of an institution of instruction.

How now, Sir Hugh! No school to- day?

Shak.

4. One of the seminaries for teaching logic, metaphysics, and theology, which were formed in the Middle Ages, and which were characterized by academical disputations and subtilties of reasoning.

At Cambridge the philosophy of Descartes was still dominant in the
schools.

Macaulay.

5. The room or hall in English universities where the examinations for degrees and honors are held.

6. An assemblage of scholars; those who attend upon instruction in a school of any kind; a body of pupils.

What is the great community of Christians, but one of the
innumerable schools in the vast plan which God has instituted for
the education of various intelligences?

Buckminster.

7. The disciples or followers of a teacher; those who hold a common doctrine, or accept the same teachings; a sect or denomination in philosophy, theology, science, medicine, politics, etc.

Let no man be less confident in his faith . . . by reason of any
difference in the several schools of Christians.

Jer. Taylor.

8. The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age; as, he was a gentleman of the old school.

His face pale but striking, though not handsome after the schools.

A. S. Hardy.

9. Figuratively, any means of knowledge or discipline; as, the school of experience.

Boarding school, Common school, District school, Normal school, etc. See under Boarding, Common, District, etc. -- High school, a free public school nearest the rank of a college. [U. S.] -- School board, a corporation established by law in every borough or parish in England, and elected by the burgesses or ratepayers, with the duty of providing public school accommodation for all children in their district. -- School committee, School board, an elected committee of citizens having charge and care of the public schools in any district, town, or city, and responsible for control of the money appropriated for school purposes. [U. S.] -- School days, the period in which youth are sent to school. -- School district, a division of a town or city for establishing and conducting schools. [U.S.] -- Sunday school, or Sabbath school, a school held on Sunday for study of the Bible and for religious instruction; the pupils, or the teachers and pupils, of such a school, collectively.

School, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Schooled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Schooling.] 1. To train in an institution of learning; to educate at a school; to teach.

He's gentle, never schooled, and yet learned.

Shak.

2. To tutor; to chide and admonish; to reprove; to subject to systematic discipline; to train.

It now remains for you to school your child, And ask why God's
Anointed be reviled.

Dryden.

The mother, while loving her child with the intensity of a sole
affection, had schooled herself to hope for little other return
than the waywardness of an April breeze.

Hawthorne.

School"book` (?), n. A book used in schools for learning lessons.

School"boy` (?), n. A boy belonging to, or attending, a school.

School"dame` (?). n. A schoolmistress.

School"er*y (&?;), n. Something taught; precepts; schooling. [Obs.] Spenser.

School"fel`low (?), n. One bred at the same school; an associate in school.

School"girl` (?), n. A girl belonging to, or attending, a school.

School"house` (?), n. A house appropriated for the use of a school or schools, or for instruction.

School"ing, n. 1. Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of learning; act of teaching.

2. Discipline; reproof; reprimand; as, he gave his son a good schooling. Sir W. Scott.

3. Compensation for instruction; price or reward paid to an instructor for teaching pupils.

School"ing, a. [See School a shoal.] (Zoöl.) Collecting or running in schools or shoals.

Schooling species like the herring and menhaden.

G. B. Goode.

School"ma'am (?), n. A schoolmistress. [Colloq.U.S.]

School"maid` (?), n. A schoolgirl. Shak.

School"man` (?), n.; pl. Schoolmen (&?;). One versed in the niceties of academical disputation or of school divinity.

The schoolmen were philosophers and divines of the Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the Reformation, who spent much time on points of nice and abstract speculation. They were so called because they taught in the mediæval universities and schools of divinity.

School"mas`ter (?), n. 1. The man who presides over and teaches a school; a male teacher of a school.

Let the soldier be abroad if he will; he can do nothing in this
age. There is another personage abroad, -- a person less imposing,
-- in the eyes of some, perhaps, insignificant. The schoolmaster is
abroad; and I trust to him, armed with his primer, against the
soldier in full military array.

Brougham.

2. One who, or that which, disciplines and directs.

The law was our schoolmaster, to bring us unto Christ.

Gal. iii. 24.

School"mate` (?), n. A pupil who attends the same school as another.

School"mis`tress (?), n. A woman who governs and teaches a school; a female school-teacher.

School"room` (?), n. A room in which pupils are taught.

School"ship` (?), n. A vessel employed as a nautical training school, in which naval apprentices receive their education at the expense of the state, and are trained for service as sailors. Also, a vessel used as a reform school to which boys are committed by the courts to be disciplined, and instructed as mariners.

School"-teach`er (?), n. One who teaches or instructs a school. -- School"-teach`ing, n.

School"ward (?), adv. Toward school. Chaucer.

Schoon"er (?), n. [See the Note below. Cf. Shun.] (Naut.) Originally, a small, sharp-built vessel, with two masts and fore-and-aft rig. Sometimes it carried square topsails on one or both masts and was called a topsail schooner. About 1840, longer vessels with three masts, fore-and- aft rigged, came into use, and since that time vessels with four masts and even with six masts, so rigged, are built. Schooners with more than two masts are designated three-masted schooners, four- masted schooners, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.

The first schooner ever constructed is said to have been built in Gloucester, Massachusetts, about the year 1713, by a Captain Andrew Robinson, and to have received its name from the following trivial circumstance: When the vessel went off the stocks into the water, a bystander cried out,"O, how she scoons!" Robinson replied, " A scooner let her be;" and, from that time, vessels thus masted and rigged have gone by this name. The word scoon is popularly used in some parts of New England to denote the act of making stones skip along the surface of water. The Scottish scon means the same thing. Both words are probably allied to the Icel. skunda, skynda, to make haste, hurry, AS. scunian to avoid, shun, Prov. E. scun. In the New England records, the word appears to have been originally written scooner. Babson, in his "History of Gloucester," gives the following extract from a letter written in that place Sept. 25, 1721, by Dr. Moses Prince, brother of the Rev. Thomas Prince, the annalist of New England: "This gentleman (Captain Robinson) was first contriver of schooners, and built the first of that sort about eight years since."

Schoon"er, n. [D.] A large goblet or drinking glass, -- used for lager beer or ale. [U.S.]

Schorl (shôrl), n. [G. schörl; cf. Sw. skörl.] (Min.) Black tourmaline. [Written also shorl.]

Schor*la"ceous (?), a. Partaking of the nature and character of schorl; resembling schorl.

Schorl"ous (?), a. Schorlaceous.

Schorl"y> (&?;), a. Pertaining to, or containing, schorl; as, schorly granite.

{ Schot"tish, Schot"tische }, (&?;), n. [F. schottish, schotisch from G. schottisch Scottish, Scotch.] A Scotch round dance in 2-4 time, similar to the polka, only slower; also, the music for such a dance; -- not to be confounded with the Écossaise.

Schrei"bers*ite (?), n. [Named after Carl von Schreibers, of Vienna.] (Min.) A mineral occurring in steel-gray flexible folia. It contains iron, nickel, and phosphorus, and is found only in meteoric iron.

Schrode (?), n. See Scrod.

Schwann's" sheath` (?). [So called from Theodor Schwann, a German anatomist of the 19th century.] (Anat.) The neurilemma.

Schwann's white" sub"stance (?). (Anat.) The substance of the medullary sheath.

Schwan"pan` (?), n. Chinese abacus.

||Schweit"zer*kä"se (?), n. [G. schweizerkäse Swiss cheese.] Gruyère ||cheese.

{ Schwenk"feld`er (?), Schwenk"feld`i*an (?) }, n. A member of a religious sect founded by Kaspar von Schwenkfeld, a Silesian reformer who disagreed with Luther, especially on the deification of the body of Christ.

Sci*æ"noid (?), a. [L. sciæna a kind of fish (fr. Gr. &?;) + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Sciænidæ, a family of marine fishes which includes the meagre, the squeteague, and the kingfish.

Sci"a*graph (?), n. [See Sciagraphy.] 1. (Arch.) An old term for a vertical section of a building; -- called also sciagraphy. See Vertical section, under Section.

2. (Phys.) A radiograph. [Written also skiagraph.]

Sci`a*graph"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. sciagraphique, Gr. &?;.] Pertaining to sciagraphy. - - Sci`a*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Sci*ag"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; drawing in light and shade; &?; a shadow + &?; to delineate, describe: cf. F. sciagraphie.] 1. The art or science of projecting or delineating shadows as they fall in nature. Gwilt.

2. (Arch.) Same as Sciagraph.

Sci*am"a*chy (?), n. See Sciomachy.

{ Sci`a*ther"ic (?), Sci`a*ther"ic*al (?) }, a. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; a sundial; &?; a shadow + &?; to hunt, to catch.] Belonging to a sundial. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

-- Sci`a*ther"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.] J. Gregory.

Sci*at"ic (?), a. [F. sciatique, LL. sciaticus, from L. ischiadicus, Gr. &?;. See Ischiadic.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the hip; in the region of, or affecting, the hip; ischial; ischiatic; as, the sciatic nerve, sciatic pains.

Sci*at"ic, n. [Cf. F. sciatique.] (Med.) Sciatica.

Sci*at"i*ca (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Neuralgia of the sciatic nerve, an affection characterized by paroxysmal attacks of pain in the buttock, back of the thigh, or in the leg or foot, following the course of the branches of the sciatic nerve. The name is also popularly applied to various painful affections of the hip and the parts adjoining it. See Ischiadic passion, under Ischiadic.

Sci*at"ic*al (?), a. (Anat.) Sciatic.

Sci*at"ic*al*ly, adv. With, or by means of, sciatica.

Scib"bo*leth (?), n. Shibboleth. [Obs.]

Sci"ence (?), n. [F., fr. L. scientia, fr. sciens, -entis, p. pr. of scire to know. Cf. Conscience, Conscious, Nice.] 1. Knowledge; knowledge of principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts.

If we conceive God's sight or science, before the creation, to be
extended to all and every part of the world, seeing everything as
it is, . . . his science or sight from all eternity lays no
necessity on anything to come to pass.

Hammond.

Shakespeare's deep and accurate science in mental philosophy.

Coleridge.

2. Accumulated and established knowledge, which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws; knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical knowledge.

All this new science that men lere [teach].

Chaucer.

Science is . . . a complement of cognitions, having, in point of
form, the character of logical perfection, and in point of matter,
the character of real truth.

Sir W. Hamilton.

3. Especially, such knowledge when it relates to the physical world and its phenomena, the nature, constitution, and forces of matter, the qualities and functions of living tissues, etc.; -- called also natural science, and physical science.

Voltaire hardly left a single corner of the field entirely
unexplored in science, poetry, history, philosophy.

J. Morley.

4. Any branch or department of systematized knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or object of study; as, the science of astronomy, of chemistry, or of mind.

The ancients reckoned seven sciences, namely, grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy; -- the first three being included in the Trivium, the remaining four in the Quadrivium.

Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven, And though no
science, fairly worth the seven.

Pope.

5. Art, skill, or expertness, regarded as the result of knowledge of laws and principles.

His science, coolness, and great strength.

G. A. Lawrence.

Science is applied or pure. Applied science is a knowledge of facts, events, or phenomena, as explained, accounted for, or produced, by means of powers, causes, or laws. Pure science is the knowledge of these powers, causes, or laws, considered apart, or as pure from all applications. Both these terms have a similar and special signification when applied to the science of quantity; as, the applied and pure mathematics. Exact science is knowledge so systematized that prediction and verification, by measurement, experiment, observation, etc., are possible. The mathematical and physical sciences are called the exact sciences.

Comparative sciences, Inductive sciences. See under Comparative, and Inductive.

Syn. -- Literature; art; knowledge. -- Science, Literature, Art. Science is literally knowledge, but more usually denotes a systematic and orderly arrangement of knowledge. In a more distinctive sense, science embraces those branches of knowledge of which the subject-matter is either ultimate principles, or facts as explained by principles or laws thus arranged in natural order. The term literature sometimes denotes all compositions not embraced under science, but usually confined to the belles-lettres. [See Literature.] Art is that which depends on practice and skill in performance. "In science, scimus ut sciamus; in art, scimus ut producamus. And, therefore, science and art may be said to be investigations of truth; but one, science, inquires for the sake of knowledge; the other, art, for the sake of production; and hence science is more concerned with the higher truths, art with the lower; and science never is engaged, as art is, in productive application. And the most perfect state of science, therefore, will be the most high and accurate inquiry; the perfection of art will be the most apt and efficient system of rules; art always throwing itself into the form of rules." Karslake.

Sci"ence, v. t. To cause to become versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct. [R.] Francis.

Sci"ent (?), a. [L. sciens, - entis, p. pr.] Knowing; skillful. [Obs.] Cockeram.

||Sci*en"ter (?), adv. [L.] (Law) Knowingly; willfully. Bouvier.

Sci*en"tial (?), a. [LL. scientialis, fr. L. scientia.] Pertaining to, or producing, science. [R.] Milton.

Sci`en*tif"ic (?), a. [F. scientifique; L. scientia science + facere to make.] 1. Of or pertaining to science; used in science; as, scientific principles; scientific apparatus; scientific observations.

2. Agreeing with, or depending on, the rules or principles of science; as, a scientific classification; a scientific arrangement of fossils.

3. Having a knowledge of science, or of a science; evincing science or systematic knowledge; as, a scientific chemist; a scientific reasoner; a scientific argument.

Bossuet is as scientific in the structure of his sentences.

Landor.

Scientific method, the method employed in exact science and consisting of: (a) Careful and abundant observation and experiment. (b) generalization of the results into formulated "Laws" and statements.

Sci`en*tif"ic*al (?), a. Scientific. Locke.

Sci`en*tif"ic*al*ly, adv. In a scientific manner; according to the rules or principles of science.

It is easier to believe than to be scientifically instructed.

Locke.

Sci"en*tist (?), n. One learned in science; a scientific investigator; one devoted to scientific study; a savant. [Recent]

Twenty years ago I ventured to propose one [a name for the class of men who give their lives to scientific study] which has been slowly finding its way to general adoption; and the word scientist, though scarcely euphonious, has gradually assumed its place in our vocabulary. B. A. Gould (Address, 1869).

Scil"i*cet (?), adv. [L., fr. scire licet you may know.] To wit; namely; videlicet; -- often abbreviated to sc., or ss.

Scil"la*in (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside extracted from squill (Scilla) as a light porous substance.

Scil"li*tin (?), n. [Cf. F. scilitine.] (Chem.) A bitter principle extracted from the bulbs of the squill (Scilla), and probably consisting of a complex mixture of several substances.

{ Scim"i*ter , Scim"i*tar } (?), n. [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra, Sp. cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarra with a sharp edge; or corrupted from Per. shimshr.] 1. A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians. [Written also cimeter, and scymetar.]

2. A long-handled billhook. See Billhook.

Scimiter pods (Bot.), the immense curved woody pods of a leguminous woody climbing plant (Entada scandens) growing in tropical India and America. They contain hard round flattish seeds two inches in diameter, which are made into boxes.

Scin"coid (?), a. [L. scincus a kind of lizard (fr. Gr. &?;) + -oid. Cf. Skink.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the family Scincidæ, or skinks. -- n. A scincoidian.

||Scin*coi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) A tribe of lizards including ||the skinks. See Skink.

Scin*coid"i*an (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of lizards of the family Scincidæ or tribe Scincoidea. The tongue is not extensile. The body and tail are covered with overlapping scales, and the toes are margined. See Illust. under Skink.

Scin"iph (?), n. [L. scinifes, cinifes, or ciniphes, pl., Gr. &?;.] Some kind of stinging or biting insect, as a flea, a gnat, a sandfly, or the like. Ex. viii. 17 (Douay version).

Scink (?), n. (Zoöl.) A skink.

Scink (?), n. A slunk calf. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

||Scin*til"la (?), n. [L.] A spark; the least particle; an iota; a ||tittle. R. North.

Scin"til*lant (?), a. [L. scintillans, p. pr. of scintillare to sparkle. See Scintillate.] Emitting sparks, or fine igneous particles; sparkling. M. Green.

Scin"til*late (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scintillated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scintillating.] [L. scintillare, scintillatum, from scintilla a spark. Cf. Stencil.] 1. To emit sparks, or fine igneous particles.

As the electrical globe only scintillates when rubbed against its
cushion.

Sir W. Scott.

2. To sparkle, as the fixed stars.

Scin`til*la"tion (?), n. [L. scintillatio: cf. F. scintillation.] 1. The act of scintillating.

2. A spark or flash emitted in scintillating.

These scintillations are . . . the inflammable effluences
discharged from the bodies collided.

Sir T. Browne.

Scin"til*lous (?), a. Scintillant. [R.]

Scin"til*lous*ly, adv. In a scintillant manner. [R.]

Sci*og"ra*phy (?), n. See Sciagraphy.

Sci"o*lism (?), n. [See Sciolist.] The knowledge of a sciolist; superficial knowledge.

Sci"o*list (?), n. [L. sciolus. See Sciolous.] One who knows many things superficially; a pretender to science; a smatterer.

These passages in that book were enough to humble the presumption
of our modern sciolists, if their pride were not as great as their
ignorance.

Sir W. Temple.

A master were lauded and sciolists shent.

R. Browning.

Sci`o*lis"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to sciolism, or a sciolist; partaking of sciolism; resembling a sciolist.

Sci"o*lous (?), a. [L. scilus, dim. of scius knowing, fr. scire to know. See Science.] Knowing superficially or imperfectly. Howell.

Sci*om"a*chy (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; a shadow + &?; battle: cf. F. sciomachie, sciamachie.] A fighting with a shadow; a mock contest; an imaginary or futile combat. [Written also scimachy.] Cowley.

Sci"o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr. &?; a shadow + -mancy: cf. F. sciomance, sciamancie.] Divination by means of shadows.

Sci"on (?), n. [OF. cion, F. scion, probably from scier to saw, fr. L. secare to cut. Cf. Section.] 1. (Bot.) (a) A shoot or sprout of a plant; a sucker. (b) A piece of a slender branch or twig cut for grafting. [Formerly written also cion, and cyon.]

2. Hence, a descendant; an heir; as, a scion of a royal stock.

Sci*op"tic (?), a. [Gr. &?; shadow + &?; belonging to sight: cf. F. scioptique. See Optic.] (Opt.) Of or pertaining to an optical arrangement for forming images in a darkened room, usually called scioptic ball.

Scioptic ball (Opt.), the lens of a camera obscura mounted in a wooden ball which fits a socket in a window shutter so as to be readily turned, like the eye, to different parts of the landscape.

Sci*op"ti*con (?), n. [NL. See Scioptic.] A kind of magic lantern.

Sci*op"tics (?), n. The art or process of exhibiting luminous images, especially those of external objects, in a darkened room, by arrangements of lenses or mirrors.

Sci*op"tric (?), a. (Opt.) Scioptic.

Sci"ot (?), a. Of or pertaining to the island Scio (Chio or Chios). -- n. A native or inhabitant of Scio. [Written also Chiot.]

Sci`o*ther"ic (?), a. [Cf. L. sciothericon a sundial. See Sciatheric.] Of or pertaining to a sundial.

Sciotheric telescope (Dialing), an instrument consisting of a horizontal dial, with a telescope attached to it, used for determining the time, whether of day or night.

Sci"ous (?), a. [L. scius.] Knowing; having knowledge. "Brutes may be and are scious." Coleridge.

||Sci`re fa"ci*as (s`r f"sh*s). [L., do you cause to know.] (Law) A ||judicial writ, founded upon some record, and requiring the party ||proceeded against to show cause why the party bringing it should not ||have advantage of such record, or (as in the case of scire facias to ||repeal letters patent) why the record should not be annulled or ||vacated. Wharton. Bouvier.

Scir"rhoid (skr"roid), a. [Scirrhus + -oid.] Resembling scirrhus. Dunglison.

Scir*rhos"i*ty (skr*rs"*t), n. (Med.) A morbid induration, as of a gland; state of being scirrhous.

Scir"rhous (skr"rs), a. [NL. scirrhosus.] (Med.) Proceeding from scirrhus; of the nature of scirrhus; indurated; knotty; as, scirrhous affections; scirrhous disease. [Written also skirrhous.]

Scir"rhus (?), n.; pl. L. Scirrhi (#), E. Scirrhuses (#). [NL., from L. scirros, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, hard.] (Med.) (a) An indurated organ or part; especially, an indurated gland. [Obs.] (b) A cancerous tumor which is hard, translucent, of a gray or bluish color, and emits a creaking sound when incised. [Sometimes incorrectly written schirrus; written also skirrhus.]

Scis`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L. sciscitatio, fr. sciscitari to inquire, from sciscere to seek to know, v. incho. from scire to know.] The act of inquiring; inquiry; demand. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Scise (?), v. i. [L. scindere, scissum, to cut, split.] To cut; to penetrate. [Obs.]

The wicked steel scised deep in his right side.

Fairfax.

Scis"sel (?), n. [Cf. Scissile.] 1. The clippings of metals made in various mechanical operations.

2. The slips or plates of metal out of which circular blanks have been cut for the purpose of coinage.

Scis"si*ble (?), a. [L. scindere, scissum, to split.] Capable of being cut or divided by a sharp instrument. [R.] Bacon.

Scis"sil (?), n. See Scissel.

Scis"sile (?), a. [L. scissilis, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, to split: cf. F. scissile. See Schism.] Capable of being cut smoothly; scissible. [R.] Arbuthnot.

Scis"sion (?), n. [L. scissio, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, to split: cf. F. scission.] The act of dividing with an instrument having a sharp edge. Wiseman.

Scis`si*par"i*ty (?), n. [L. scissus (p. p. of scindere to split) + parere to bring forth: cf. F. scissiparité.] (Biol.) Reproduction by fission.

Scis"sor (?), v. t. To cut with scissors or shears; to prepare with the aid of scissors. Massinger.

Scis"sors (?), n. pl. [OE. sisoures, OF. cisoires (cf. F. ciseaux), probably fr. LL. cisorium a cutting instrument, fr. L. caedere to cut. Cf. Chisel, Concise. The modern spelling is due to a mistaken derivation from L. scissor one who cleaves or divides, fr. scindere, scissum, to cut, split.] A cutting instrument resembling shears, but smaller, consisting of two cutting blades with handles, movable on a pin in the center, by which they are held together. Often called a pair of scissors. [Formerly written also cisors, cizars, and scissars.]

Scissors grinder (Zoöl.), the European goatsucker. [Prov. Eng.]

Scis"sors*bill` (?), n. (Zoöl.) See Skimmer.

Scis"sors*tail` (?), n. (Zoöl.) A tyrant flycatcher (Milvulus forficatus) of the Southern United States and Mexico, which has a deeply forked tail. It is light gray above, white beneath, salmon on the flanks, and fiery red at the base of the crown feathers.

Scis"sors-tailed` (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having the outer feathers much the longest, the others decreasing regularly to the median ones.

Scis"sure (?), n. [L. scissura, from scindere, scissum, to cut, split.] A longitudinal opening in a body, made by cutting; a cleft; a fissure. Hammond.

Scit`a*min"e*ous (?; 277), a. [NL. scitamineosus, fr. Scitamineae, fr. L. scitamentum a delicacy, dainty.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Scitamineæ), mostly tropical herbs, including the ginger, Indian shot, banana, and the plants producing turmeric and arrowroot.

Sci"u*rine (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. sciurien. See Sciurus.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Squirrel family. -- n. A rodent of the Squirrel family.

Sci"u*roid (?), a. [Sciurus + -oid.] (Bot.) Resembling the tail of a squirrel; -- generally said of branches which are close and dense, or of spikes of grass like barley.

||Sci`u*ro*mor"pha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. sciurus squirrel + Gr. ||morfh` form.] (Zoöl.) A tribe of rodents containing the squirrels and ||allied animals, such as the gophers, woodchucks, beavers, and others.

||Sci*u"rus (?), n. [L., a squirrel, Gr. &?;. See Squirrel.] (Zoöl.) A ||genus of rodents comprising the common squirrels.

Sclaun"dre (?), n. Slander. [Obs.] Chaucer.

{ Sclav (?), Sclave }, n. Same as Slav.

Sclav"ic (?), a. Same as Slavic.

Sclav"ism (?), n. Same as Slavism.

Scla*vo"nian (?), a. & n. Same as Slavonian.

Scla*von"ic (?), a. Same as Slavonic.

Sclen"der (?), a. Slender. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Scler"a*go`gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; hard + &?; a leading or training.] Severe discipline. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.

||Scle*re"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. sklhro`s hard.] (Med.) Induration of ||the cellular tissue.

Sclerema of adults. See Scleroderma. -- ||Sclerema neonatorum (&?;) [NL., of the newborn], an affection characterized by a peculiar hardening and rigidity of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues in the newly born. It is usually fatal. Called also skinbound disease.

Scle*ren"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. sklhro`s hard + -enchyma as in parenchyma.] 1. (Bot.) Vegetable tissue composed of short cells with thickened or hardened walls, as in nutshells and the gritty parts of a pear. See Sclerotic.

By recent German writers and their English translators, this term is used for liber cells. Goodale.

2. (Zoöl.) The hard calcareous deposit in the tissues of Anthozoa, constituting the stony corals.

Scler`en*chym"a*tous (?), a. (Bot. & Zoöl.) Pertaining to, or composed of, sclerenchyma.

Scle*ren"chyme (?), n. Sclerenchyma.

||Scle*ri"a*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] (Med.) (a) A morbid ||induration of the edge of the eyelid. (b) Induration of any part, ||including scleroderma.

Scle"rite (skl"rt), n. (Zoöl.) A hard chitinous or calcareous process or corpuscle, especially a spicule of the Alcyonaria.

||Scle*ri"tis (skl*r"ts), n. [NL.] See Sclerotitis.

Scler"o*base (? or ?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + ba`sis base.] (Zoöl.) The calcareous or hornlike coral forming the central stem or axis of most compound alcyonarians; -- called also foot secretion. See Illust. under Gorgoniacea, and Cœnenchyma. -- Scler`o*ba"sic (#), a.

Scler"o*derm (? or ?; 277), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + de`rma skin: cf. F. scléroderme.] (a) (Zoöl.) One of a tribe of plectognath fishes (Sclerodermi) having the skin covered with hard scales, or plates, as the cowfish and the trunkfish. (b) One of the Sclerodermata. (c) Hardened, or bony, integument of various animals.

||Scler`o*der"ma (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) A disease of adults, ||characterized by a diffuse rigidity and hardness of the skin.

||Scler`o*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) The stony corals; the ||Madreporaria.

{ Scler`o*der"mic (?), Scler`o*der"mous (?) }, (Zoöl.) (a) Having the integument, or skin, hard, or covered with hard plates. (b) Of or pertaining to the Sclerodermata.

Scler`o*der"mite (?), n. (Zoöl.) (a) The hard integument of Crustacea. (b) Sclerenchyma.

Scler"o*gen (? or ?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -gen.] (Bot.) The thickening matter of woody cells; lignin.

Scle*rog"e*nous (?), a. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -genous.] (Anat.) Making or secreting a hard substance; becoming hard.

Scle"roid (?), a. [Gr. &?;; sklhro`s hard + &?; form.] (Bot.) Having a hard texture, as nutshells.

||Scle*ro"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. sklhro`s hard + -oma.] (Med.) ||Induration of the tissues. See Sclerema, Scleroderma, and Sclerosis.

Scle*rom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + -meter.] An instrument for determining with accuracy the degree of hardness of a mineral.

Scle*rosed" (?), a. Affected with sclerosis.

||Scle*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (&?;&?;, fr. sklhro`s hard.] 1. ||(Med.) Induration; hardening; especially, that form of induration ||produced in an organ by increase of its interstitial connective ||tissue.

2. (Bot.) Hardening of the cell wall by lignification.

Cerebro-spinal sclerosis (Med.), an affection in which patches of hardening, produced by increase of the neuroglia and atrophy of the true nerve tissue, are found scattered throughout the brain and spinal cord. It is associated with complete or partial paralysis, a peculiar jerking tremor of the muscles, headache, and vertigo, and is usually fatal. Called also multiple, disseminated, or insular, sclerosis.

Scle`ro*skel"e*ton (?), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + E. skeleton.] (Anat.) That part of the skeleton which is developed in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses.

Scle*ro"tal (?), a. (Anat.) Sclerotic. -- n. The optic capsule; the sclerotic coat of the eye. Owen.

Scle*rot"ic (?), a. [Gr. sklhro`s hard: cf. F. sclérotique.] 1. Hard; firm; indurated; -- applied especially in anatomy to the firm outer coat of the eyeball, which is often cartilaginous and sometimes bony.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sclerotic coat of the eye; sclerotical.

3. (Med.) Affected with sclerosis; sclerosed.

Sclerotic parenchyma (Bot.), sclerenchyma. By some writers a distinction is made, sclerotic parenchyma being applied to tissue composed of cells with the walls hardened but not thickened, and sclerenchyma to tissue composed of cells with the walls both hardened and thickened.

Scle*rot"ic, n. [Cf. F. sclérotique.] (Anat.) The sclerotic coat of the eye. See Illust. of Eye (d).

Scle*rot"ic, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from ergot or the sclerotium of a fungus growing on rye.

Scle*rot"ic*al (?), a. (Anat.) Sclerotic.

||Scler`o*ti"tis (?), n. [NL. See Sclerotic, and -itis.] (Med.) ||Inflammation of the sclerotic coat.

||Scle*ro"ti*um (?), n.; pl. Sclerotia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. sklhro`s ||hard.] 1. (Bot.) A hardened body formed by certain fungi, as by the ||Claviceps purpurea, which produces ergot.

2. (Zoöl.) The mature or resting stage of a plasmodium.

Scler"o*tome (sklr"*tm or sklr"*tm), n. [Gr. sklhro`s hard + te`mnein to cut.] (Zoöl.) One of the bony, cartilaginous, or membranous partitions which separate the myotomes. -- Scler`o*tom"ic (#), a.

Scle"rous (?), a. [Gr. &?;.] (Anat.) Hard; indurated; sclerotic.

Scoat (?), v. t. To prop; to scotch. [Prov. Eng.]

Scob"by (?), n. The chaffinch. [Prov. Eng.]

Scob"i*form (?), a. [L. scobs, or scobis, sawdust, scrapings + -form: cf. F. scobiforme.] Having the form of, or resembling, sawdust or raspings.

Scobs, n. sing. & pl. [L. scobs, or scobis, fr. scabere to scrape.] 1. Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, metals, or other hard substance. Chambers.

2. The dross of metals.

Scoff (?; 115), n. [OE. scof; akin to OFries. schof, OHG. scoph, Icel. skaup, and perh. to E. shove.] 1. Derision; ridicule; mockery; derisive or mocking expression of scorn, contempt, or reproach.

With scoffs, and scorns, and contumelious taunts.

Shak.

2. An object of scorn, mockery, or derision.

The scoff of withered age and beardless youth.

Cowper.

Scoff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scoffed (?; 115); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoffing.] [Cf. Dan. skuffe to deceive, delude, Icel. skopa to scoff, OD. schoppen. See Scoff, n.] To show insolent ridicule or mockery; to manifest contempt by derisive acts or language; -- often with at.

Truth from his lips prevailed with double sway, And fools who came
to scoff, remained to pray.

Goldsmith.

God's better gift they scoff at and refuse.

Cowper.

Syn. -- To sneer; mock; gibe; jeer. See Sneer.

Scoff, v. t. To treat or address with derision; to assail scornfully; to mock at.

To scoff religion is ridiculously proud and immodest.

Glanvill.

Scoff"er (?), n. One who scoffs. 2 Pet. iii. 3.

Scoff"er*y (?), n. The act of scoffing; scoffing conduct; mockery. Holinshed.

Scoff"ing*ly, adv. In a scoffing manner. Broome.

Scoke (?), n. (Bot.) Poke (Phytolacca decandra).

Sco*lay" (?), v. i. See Scoley. [Obs.]

Scold (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Scolded; p. pr. & vb. n. Scolding.] [Akin to D. schelden, G. schelten, OHG. sceltan, Dan. skielde.] To find fault or rail with rude clamor; to brawl; to utter harsh, rude, boisterous rebuke; to chide sharply or coarsely; -- often with at; as, to scold at a servant.

Pardon me, lords, 't is the first time ever I was forced to scold.

Shak.

Scold, v. t. To chide with rudeness and clamor; to rate; also, to rebuke or reprove with severity.

Scold, n. 1. One who scolds, or makes a practice of scolding; esp., a rude, clamorous woman; a shrew.

She is an irksome, brawling scold.

Shak.

2. A scolding; a brawl.

Scold"er (?), n. 1. One who scolds.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) The oyster catcher; -- so called from its shrill cries. (b) The old squaw. [Local U.S.]

Scold"ing, a. & n. from Scold, v.

Scolding bridle, an iron frame. See Brank, n., 2.

Scold"ing*ly, adv. In a scolding manner.

Scole (?), n. School. [Obs.] Chaucer.

||Sco*le"ci*da (? or ?), n. pl. [NL. See Scolex.] (Zoöl.) Same as ||Helminthes.

Scol"e*cite (? or ?; 277), n. [Gr. skw`lhx, -hkos, a worm, earthworm.] (Min.) A zeolitic mineral occuring in delicate radiating groups of white crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime. Called also lime mesotype.

||Sco*le`co*mor"pha (&?;), n. pl. [NL. See Scolex, -morphous.] (Zoöl.) ||Same as Scolecida.

||Sco"lex (?), n.; pl. Scoleces (#). [NL., from Gr. skw`lhx worm, ||grub.] (Zoöl.) (a) The embryo produced directly from the egg in a ||metagenetic series, especially the larva of a tapeworm or other ||parasitic worm. See Illust. of Echinococcus. (b) One of the ||Scolecida.

Sco*ley" (?), v. i. [Cf. OF. escoler to teach. See School.] To go to school; to study. [Obs.] Chaucer.

||Sco`li*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. skolio`s crooked.] (Med.) A ||lateral curvature of the spine.

||Scol"i*thus (? or ?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. skw`lhx a worm + li`qos a ||stone.] (Paleon.) A tubular structure found in Potsdam sandstone, and ||believed to be the fossil burrow of a marine worm.

Scol"lop (?), n. & v. See Scallop.

Scol`o*pa"cine (?), a. [L. scolopax a snipe, Gr. &?;.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Scolopacidæ, or Snipe family.

||Scol`o*pen"dra (?), n. [L., a kind of multiped, fr. Gr. &?;.] 1. ||(Zoöl.) A genus of venomous myriapods including the centipeds. See ||Centiped.

2. A sea fish. [R.] Spenser.

Scol`o*pen"drine (?), a. (Zoöl.) Like or pertaining to the Scolopendra.

Scol"y*tid (?), n. [Gr. &?; to cut short.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of small bark-boring beetles of the genus Scolytus and allied genera. Also used adjectively.

||Scom"ber (?), n. [L., a mackerel, Gr. &?;.] (Zoöl.) A genus of ||acanthopterygious fishes which includes the common mackerel.

Scom"ber*oid (?), a. & n. [Cf. F. scombéroïde.] (Zoöl.) Same as Scombroid.

||Scom`bri*for"mes (skm`br*fôr"mz), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) A division of ||fishes including the mackerels, tunnies, and allied fishes.

Scom"broid (skm"broid), a. [Scomber + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Like or pertaining to the Mackerel family. -- n. Any fish of the family Scombridæ, of which the mackerel (Scomber) is the type.

Scom"fish (skm"fsh or skm"- ), v. t. & i. To suffocate or stifle; to smother. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

Scom"fit (skm"fy), n. & v. Discomfit. [Obs.]

Scomm (skm), n. [L. scomma a taunt, jeer, scoff, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to mock, scoff at.] 1. A buffoon. [Obs.] L'Estrange.

2. A flout; a jeer; a gibe; a taunt. [Obs.] Fotherby.

Sconce (?), n. [D. schans, OD. schantse, perhaps from OF. esconse a hiding place, akin to esconser to hide, L. absconsus, p. p. of abscondere. See Abscond, and cf. Ensconce, Sconce a candlestick.] 1. A fortification, or work for defense; a fort.

No sconce or fortress of his raising was ever known either to have
been forced, or yielded up, or quitted.

Milton.

2. A hut for protection and shelter; a stall.

One that . . . must raise a sconce by the highway and sell
switches.

Beau. & Fl.

3. A piece of armor for the head; headpiece; helmet.

I must get a sconce for my head.

Shak.

4. Fig.: The head; the skull; also, brains; sense; discretion. [Colloq.]

To knock him about the sconce with a dirty shovel.

Shak.

5. A poll tax; a mulct or fine. Johnson.

6. [OF. esconse a dark lantern, properly, a hiding place. See Etymol. above.] A protection for a light; a lantern or cased support for a candle; hence, a fixed hanging or projecting candlestick.

Tapers put into lanterns or sconces of several- colored, oiled
paper, that the wind might not annoy them.

Evelyn.

Golden sconces hang not on the walls.

Dryden.

7. Hence, the circular tube, with a brim, in a candlestick, into which the candle is inserted.

8. (Arch.) A squinch.

9. A fragment of a floe of ice. Kane.

10. [Perhaps a different word.] A fixed seat or shelf. [Prov. Eng.]

Sconce, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sconced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sconcing.] 1. To shut up in a sconce; to imprison; to insconce. [Obs.]

Immure him, sconce him, barricade him in 't.

Marston.

2. To mulct; to fine. [Obs.] Milton.

Scon"cheon (?), n. (Arch.) A squinch.

Scone (?), n. A cake, thinner than a bannock, made of wheat or barley or oat meal. [Written variously, scon, skone, skon, etc.] [Scot.] Burns.

Scoop (?), n. [OE. scope, of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. skopa, akin to D. schop a shovel, G. schüppe, and also to E. shove. See Shovel.] 1. A large ladle; a vessel with a long handle, used for dipping liquids; a utensil for bailing boats.

2. A deep shovel, or any similar implement for digging out and dipping or shoveling up anything; as, a flour scoop; the scoop of a dredging machine.

3. (Surg.) A spoon-shaped instrument, used in extracting certain substances or foreign bodies.

4. A place hollowed out; a basinlike cavity; a hollow.

Some had lain in the scoop of the rock.

J. R. Drake.

5. A sweep; a stroke; a swoop.

6. The act of scooping, or taking with a scoop or ladle; a motion with a scoop, as in dipping or shoveling.

Scoop net, a kind of hand net, used in fishing; also, a net for sweeping the bottom of a river. -- Scoop wheel, a wheel for raising water, having scoops or buckets attached to its circumference; a tympanum.

Scoop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scooped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scooping.] [OE. scopen. See Scoop, n.] 1. To take out or up with, a scoop; to lade out.

He scooped the water from the crystal flood.

Dryden.

2. To empty by lading; as, to scoop a well dry.

3. To make hollow, as a scoop or dish; to excavate; to dig out; to form by digging or excavation.

Those carbuncles the Indians will scoop, so as to hold above a
pint.

Arbuthnot.

Scoop"er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, scoops.

2. (Zoöl.) The avocet; -- so called because it scoops up the mud to obtain food.

Scoot (?), v. i. To walk fast; to go quickly; to run hastily away. [Colloq. & Humorous, U. S.]

Sco"pa*rin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow gelatinous or crystalline substance found in broom (Cytisus scoparius) accompanying sparteïne.

Sco"pate (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom.] (Zoöl.) Having the surface closely covered with hairs, like a brush.

-scope (&?;). [Gr. skopo`s a watcher, spy. See Scope.] A combining form usually signifying an instrument for viewing (with the eye) or observing (in any way); as in microscope, telescope, altoscope, anemoscope.

Scope (?), n. [It. scopo, L. scopos a mark, aim, Gr. skopo`s, a watcher, mark, aim; akin to &?;, &?; to view, and perh. to E. spy. Cf. Skeptic, Bishop.] 1. That at which one aims; the thing or end to which the mind directs its view; that which is purposed to be reached or accomplished; hence, ultimate design, aim, or purpose; intention; drift; object. "Shooting wide, do miss the marked scope." Spenser.

Your scope is as mine own, So to enforce or qualify the laws As to
your soul seems good.

Shak.

The scope of all their pleading against man's authority, is to
overthrow such laws and constitutions in the church.

Hooker.

2. Room or opportunity for free outlook or aim; space for action; amplitude of opportunity; free course or vent; liberty; range of view, intent, or action.

Give him line and scope.

Shak.

In the fate and fortunes of the human race, scope is given to the
operation of laws which man must always fail to discern the reasons
of.

I. Taylor.

Excuse me if I have given too much scope to the reflections which
have arisen in my mind.

Burke.

An intellectual cultivation of no moderate depth or scope.

Hawthorne.

3. Extended area. [Obs.] "The scopes of land granted to the first adventurers." Sir J. Davies.

4. Length; extent; sweep; as, scope of cable.

Sco"pe*line (?), a. (Zoöl.) Scopeloid.

Sco"pe*loid (?), a. [NL. Scopelus, typical genus (fr. Gr. &?; a headland) + - oid.] (Zoöl.) Like or pertaining to fishes of the genus Scopelus, or family Scopelodæ, which includes many small oceanic fishes, most of which are phosphorescent. -- n. (Zoöl.) Any fish of the family Scopelidæ.

Sco*pif"er*ous (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa + -ferous.] (Zoöl.) Bearing a tuft of brushlike hairs.

Sco"pi*form (?), a. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + -form.] Having the form of a broom or besom. "Zeolite, stelliform or scopiform." Kirwan.

Sco"pi*ped (?; 277), n. [L. scopae, scopa, a broom + pes, pedis, a foot.] (Zoöl.) Same as Scopuliped.

Scop"pet (?), v. t. [From Scoop, v. t.] To lade or dip out. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Scops" owl` (?). [NL. scops, fr. Gr. &?; the little horned owl.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of small owls of the genus Scops having ear tufts like those of the horned owls, especially the European scops owl (Scops giu), and the American screech owl (S. asio).

{ Scop"tic (?), Scop"tic*al (?) }, a. [Gr. skwptiko`s, from skw`ptein to mock, to scoff at.] Jesting; jeering; scoffing. [Obs.] South.

-- Scop"tic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]

||Scop"u*la (?), n.; pl. E. Scopulas (#), L. Scopulæ (#). [L. scopulae, ||pl. a little broom.] (Zoöl.) (a) A peculiar brushlike organ found on ||the foot of spiders and used in the construction of the web. (b) A ||special tuft of hairs on the leg of a bee.

Scop"u*li*ped (?), n. [L. scopulae, pl., a little broom (fr. scopae a broom) + pes, pedis, foot.] (Zoöl.) Any species of bee which has on the hind legs a brush of hairs used for collecting pollen, as the hive bees and bumblebees.

Scop"u*lous (?), a. [L. scopulosus, fr. scopulus a rock, Gr. &?;.] Full of rocks; rocky. [Obs.]

Scor"bute (?), n. [LL. scorbutus: cf. F. scorbut. See Scurvy, n.] Scurvy. [Obs.] Purchas.

{ Scor*bu"tic (?), Scor*bu"tic*al (?) }, a. [Cf. F. scorbutique.] (Med.) Of or pertaining to scurvy; of the nature of, or resembling, scurvy; diseased with scurvy; as, a scorbutic person; scorbutic complaints or symptoms. -- Scor*bu"tic*al*ly, adv.

||Scor*bu"tus (?), n. [LL. See Scorbute.] (Med.) Scurvy.

Scorce (?), n. Barter. [Obs.] See Scorse.

Scorch (skôrch), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scorching.] [OE. scorchen, probably akin to scorcnen; cf. Norw. skrokken shrunk up, skrekka, skrökka, to shrink, to become wrinkled up, dial. Sw. skråkkla to wrinkle (see Shrug); but perhaps influenced by OF. escorchier to strip the bark from, to flay, to skin, F. écorcher, LL. excorticare; L. ex from + cortex, -icis, bark (cf. Cork); because the skin falls off when scorched.] 1. To burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by heat; to subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without consuming; as, to scorch linen.

Summer drouth or singèd air Never scorch thy tresses fair.

Milton.

2. To affect painfully with heat, or as with heat; to dry up with heat; to affect as by heat.

Lashed by mad rage, and scorched by brutal fires.

Prior.

3. To burn; to destroy by, or as by, fire.

Power was given unto him to scorch men with fire.

Rev. xvi. 8.

The fire that scorches me to death.

Dryden.

Scorch, v. i. 1. To be burnt on the surface; to be parched; to be dried up.

Scatter a little mungy straw or fern amongst your seedlings, to
prevent the roots from scorching.

Mortimer.

2. To burn or be burnt.

He laid his long forefinger on the scarlet letter, which forthwith
seemed to scorch into Hester's breast, as if it had been red hot.

Hawthorne.

Scorch"ing, a. Burning; parching or shriveling with heat. -- Scorch"ing*ly, adv. -- Scorch"ing*ness, n.

Score (skr), n. [AS. scor twenty, fr. sceran, scieran, to shear, cut, divide; or rather the kindred Icel. skor incision, twenty, akin to Dan. skure a notch, Sw. skåra. See Shear.] 1. A notch or incision; especially, one that is made as a tally mark; hence, a mark, or line, made for the purpose of account.

Whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but the score
and the tally, thou hast caused printing to be used.

Shak.

2. An account or reckoning; account of dues; bill; hence, indebtedness.

He parted well, and paid his score.

Shak.

3. Account; reason; motive; sake; behalf.

But left the trade, as many more Have lately done on the same
score.

Hudibras.

You act your kindness in Cydaria's score.

Dryden.

4. The number twenty, as being marked off by a special score or tally; hence, in pl., a large number.

Amongst three or four score hogsheads.

Shak.

At length the queen took upon herself to grant patents of monopoly
by scores.

Macaulay.

5. A distance of twenty yards; -- a term used in ancient archery and gunnery. Halliwell.

6. A weight of twenty pounds. [Prov. Eng.]

7. The number of points gained by the contestants, or either of them, in any game, as in cards or cricket.

8. A line drawn; a groove or furrow.

9. (Mus.) The original and entire draught, or its transcript, of a composition, with the parts for all the different instruments or voices written on staves one above another, so that they can be read at a glance; -- so called from the bar, which, in its early use, was drawn through all the parts. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

In score (Mus.), having all the parts arranged and placed in juxtaposition. Smart. -- To quit scores, to settle or balance accounts; to render an equivalent; to make compensation.

Does not the earth quit scores with all the elements in the noble
fruits that issue from it?

South.

Score (skr), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scored (skrd); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.] 1. To mark with lines, scratches, or notches; to cut notches or furrows in; to notch; to scratch; to furrow; as, to score timber for hewing; to score the back with a lash.

Let us score their backs.

Shak.

A briar in that tangled wilderness Had scored her white right hand.

M. Arnold.

2. Especially, to mark with significant lines or notches, for indicating or keeping account of something; as, to score a tally.

3. To mark or signify by lines or notches; to keep record or account of; to set down; to record; to charge.

Madam, I know when, Instead of five, you scored me ten.

Swift.

Nor need I tallies thy dear love to score.

Shak.

4. To engrave, as upon a shield. [R.] Spenser.

5. To make a score of, as points, runs, etc., in a game.

6. (Mus.) To write down in proper order and arrangement; as, to score an overture for an orchestra. See Score, n., 9.

7. (Geol.) To mark with parallel lines or scratches; as, the rocks of New England and the Western States were scored in the drift epoch.

Scor"er (?), n. One who, or that which, scores.

||Sco"ri*a (?), n.; pl. Scoriæ (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; dung, ||ordure.] 1. The recrement of metals in fusion, or the slag rejected ||after the reduction of metallic ores; dross.

2. Cellular slaggy lava; volcanic cinders.

Sco"ri*ac (?), a. Scoriaceous. E. A. Poe.

Sco`ri*a"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. scoriacé.] Of or pertaining to scoria; like scoria or the recrement of metals; partaking of the nature of scoria.

Sco"rie (?), n. (Zoöl.) The young of any gull. [Written also scaurie.] [Prov. Eng.]

Sco`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. scorification. See Scorify.] (Chem.) The act, process, or result of scorifying, or reducing to a slag; hence, the separation from earthy matter by means of a slag; as, the scorification of ores.

Sco"ri*fi`er (?), n. (Chem.) One who, or that which, scorifies; specifically, a small flat bowl-shaped cup used in the first heating in assaying, to remove the earth and gangue, and to concentrate the gold and silver in a lead button.

Sco"ri*form (?), a. In the form of scoria.

Sco"ri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Scorifying (?).] [Scoria + -fy: cf. F. scorifier.] (Chem.) To reduce to scoria or slag; specifically, in assaying, to fuse so as to separate the gangue and earthy material, with borax, lead, soda, etc., thus leaving the gold and silver in a lead button; hence, to separate from, or by means of, a slag.

Sco"ri*ous (?), a. Scoriaceous. Sir T. Browne.

Scorn (skôrn), n. [OE. scorn, scarn, scharn, OF. escarn, escharn, eschar, of German origin; cf. OHG. skern mockery, skernn to mock; but cf. also OF. escorner to mock.] 1. Extreme and lofty contempt; haughty disregard; that disdain which springs from the opinion of the utter meanness and unworthiness of an object.

Scorn at first makes after love the more.

Shak.

And wandered backward as in scorn, To wait an æon to be born.

Emerson.

2. An act or expression of extreme contempt.

Every sullen frown and bitter scorn But fanned the fuel that too
fast did burn.

Dryden.

3. An object of extreme disdain, contempt, or derision.

Thou makest us a reproach to our neighbors, a scorn and a derision
to them that are round about us.

Ps. xliv. 13.

To think scorn, to regard as worthy of scorn or contempt; to disdain. "He thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone." Esther iii. 6. -- To laugh to scorn, to deride; to make a mock of; to ridicule as contemptible.

Syn. -- Contempt; disdain; derision; contumely; despite; slight; dishonor; mockery.

Scorn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Scorned (skôrnd); p. pr. & vb. n. Scoring.] [OE. scornen, scarnen, schornen, OF. escarnir, escharnir. See Scorn, n.] 1. To hold in extreme contempt; to reject as unworthy of regard; to despise; to contemn; to disdain.

I scorn thy meat; 't would choke me.

Shak.

This my long sufferance, and my day of grace, Those who neglect and
scorn shall never taste.

Milton.