Chapter M (8)

These Transactions in _Brasile_ were very ill resented in _Holland_, the common People in the _Hague_ being ready to pull down the _Portuguese_ Ambassador’s House, in revenge of the Cruelties exercis’d upon the _Netherlanders_ in _Brasile_, had they not been hindred by the Prudence of Prince _Henrick_. The Ambassador pretending to be ignorant of the fore-mention’d Passages, proffer’d to make what Satisfaction the _West-India_ Company should require. But the _States_ not satisfi’d with Excuses, when the Actions plainly manifested what their Intentions were, Complain’d to the _French_ King of the unthankful and malicious Dealings of the _Portuguese_ Crown; and meeting but with small Redress, they prepar’d to right themselves by force of Arms, and to that end rais’d several Regiments of Land-Soldiers, besides Seamen, to send to _Brasile_. The Fleet design’d thither, consisting of twenty two Sail, after it had been frozen up before _Flushing_ three Moneths, set Sail at last in the beginning of _February_, Anno 1646. with the Lord _Schonenburgh_, a Member of the _States_, the Councellor _Goch_, and Treasurer _Beaumond_, Men very well experienc’d in Governing of Countreys: To these were added the eminent Merchants of _Amsterdam_, _Haeks_ and _Trovire_, to keep the _West-India_ Companies Accounts, and _Le Heremiet_ for their Secretary. _Sigismond Schuppe_ bore the chief Command over the _Militia_, and the Admiral _Bankert_ over the Fleet, which suffer’d the greatest hardship imaginable; for being driven by tempestuous Winds into the _Downs_, two of them driving from their Anchors were cast away on the _Flats_. The Fleet getting out again, was once more forc’d by a Storm to put in at the _Isle of Wight_; from whence by reason of continual Gusts they could not stir in nine Weeks time. During this tedious waiting for a fair Wind, the _Brasile_ Frigat, valu’d at 20000 _l._ was split in pieces against a Rock of the Island, and of three hundred Men thirty onely were sav’d. A Pink, which came in two Moneths from _Reciffa_, brought also sad tydings to the Fleet, _viz._ That the Town was in such a Condition, that without doubt the Fleet would come too late to their assistance: whereupon they making the more haste, endeavor’d, not without great trouble, to weigh Anchor again, whilest the Wind rose higher and higher, and the Waves going very hollow, drove the Ships down towards _Portland_ Coast, full of Rocks, to which they were so near, that they saw a _Scotch_man split in pieces against them; and had not the Wind come about, and abated of its fury, the Fleet had undoubtedly perish’d. No sooner was this Danger past, but another succeeded; for the Soldiers in the Admirals Ship complaining of the small allowance they had of Cheese, Brandy, and Tobacco, had made themselves Masters of the Store-room, and threatned to kill the Lords _Goch_ and _Beaumond_; but they, assisted with Men from the other Ships, who came in at the Cabbin Windows, so order’d the Mutineers, that they ask’d forgiveness, which for many Reasons was granted, onely they were distributed by seven in a Ship throughout the whole Fleet. After a great Contest between _Goch_ and _Beaumond_ about carrying the Flag, which could not be decided, _Goch_ was left by the rest of the Fleet, who Steer’d another Course, and getting near the _Line_, lay becalm’d six days; in which time he lost very many of his Men by a strange kind of _Scorbute_ which rag’d amongst them; at last Sailing along the Promontory of St. _Augustine_, he came to an Anchor before _Reciffa_, which he found in the greatest Exigency imaginable, insomuch that it was resolv’d upon, the next day to surrender the Place up to the _Portuguese_, on promise of Quarter onely: which Resolution none oppos’d more than the _Jews_; for the _Portuguese_ swore that they would burn them alive, if ever they became Masters of _Reciffa_, which made them resolve to die with the Sword in their Hands, and sell their Lives at a dear rate. Six Weeks after _Gochs_ Arrival, the remaining part of the Fleet, escaping many dreadful Storms, in which, besides the two that were lost in the _Downs_, they lost five Ships and five hundred Men, arriv’d also at _Reciffa_; where the Commissioners appointed Officers to distribute to every one their certain allowance of Victuals. The prime Councellor _Schonenburgh_ also decided the Difference between _Beaumond_ and _Goch_, as also between _Haeks_ and _Trovire_, about their Places in the Assembly, _viz._ that they should sit above one another by Turns. The old Governors, _Hamel_, _Bassi_, and _Bullestraet_, were blam’d by every one for the decay of _Brasile_; and being sent to _Holland_, were receiv’d with frowning Looks, and rail’d against in Pamphlets as faithless Persons, who sought nothing but their own advantage, and were threatned to be call’d to an Account. It was also laid to their charge, that they had not given a true Account of the State and Condition of _Brasile_; that the State was much more decay’d than they had made known, by which means the present Power prov’d too weak to do any thing to the Enemy.

[Sidenote: _Garstman_ Fin’d and Disgrac’d upon King _Dary_’s Complaint.]

Amongst other Misfortunes which befell the _West-India_ Company, the Revolt of the _Tapuyans_ and other _Brasilians_ was not the least, which hapned upon the occasion of _Garstman_’s putting to Death of _Jacob Rabbi_, a _German_, and indeed their chief Ringleader in all Robberies and Villanies; but _Dary_ their then King alledging that _Rabbi_ was wrongfully Executed by _Garstman_, and that his Tryal belong’d to him as King, prosecuted _Garstman_ so vigorously, that he and his Ensign _Jacob Boulan_, his Accessory in the Fact, had their Goods and Salary confiscated, and they themselves were sent home in disgrace.

[Sidenote: The _Portuguese_ Invitation prevails above the
_Netherlanders_.]

Mean while the Council seeing that there was not much good to be done by force of Arms, endeavor’d by mild ways to invite the revolted _Portugueses_, who were all promis’d Pardon for their Insurrection in an Edict which was publish’d in all places, onely _Viera_, _Almado_, _De Rouche_, _Antonio Calvantelca_, and _Hoogenstraet_, for whom great sums of Money were offer’d, were excepted. The _Portuguese_ on the contrary publish’d, That they would receive all those _Netherlanders_ into favor that would come over to them, and pay the Debts which they ow’d to the _West-India_ Company, and also Transport them whither they pleas’d. These Promises, written in _English_, _Dutch_, _French_, and _Portuguese_, and hung every where on the Boughs of Trees, and other publick Places, operated much more than the Privy-Councils Edicts; for in stead of one _Portuguese_ that came to them, several ran to the _Portuguese_ from _Reciffa_, notwithstanding a strict Guard was kept to prevent them, besides the great mortality amongst the Soldiers and Inhabitants through several raging Distempers, and want of fresh Provisions: Which general Calamity, it seems, very much cow’d the Spirits of those that were left; for in a Sally meeting with five hundred _Portugueses_, notwithstanding they were equal in number, yet they made a shameful Retreat; yea, though _Schuppe_ came with eight hundred Men to their assistance, yet he could not prevail with them to face about either by fair means or foul, for with his own hand he Ran-through an Ensign, Sergeant, and two Soldiers, who ran away first. Yet notwithstanding this base and cowardly Retreat, it was resolv’d on to set upon _Olinda_ and the Promontory St. _Augustine_; and at the same time _Hinderson_ was sent to make himself Master of _Rio Francisco_ with fifteen hundred Men, and to harrase all the Countrey thereabouts with Fire and Sword, that so he might force the _Portuguese_ to leave _Reciffa_.

[Sidenote: Revolt of the _Tapuyans_.]

Though _John Dary_, King of the _Tapuyans_, seem’d well enough contented with the punishment of _Garstman_, yet a great Party of his Subjects were not satisfi’d, but went and joyn’d with the _Portuguese_, because _Garstman_ had not been deliver’d to them in _Siara_, where they kill’d all the _Netherlanders_ they could meet with, and sent Presents to their King _Dary_, if possible, to oblige him to joyn with the _Portuguese_: But he reply’d, _That he had more reason to punish them for their ill usage of the Inhabitants in_ Siara, _than to have any thing to do with the_ Portuguese.

The Council inform’d hereof, sent the Interpreter _Ralph Baron_, who had a long time Convers’d with the _Tapuyans_, with a Present of Axes, Knives, Looking-glasses, Shirts, Combs, and the like Trifles, to King _Dary_, desiring him to continue his former kindness towards the _Hollanders_; which _Dary_ promis’d, provided he might receive Assistance from _Reciffa_ against those whom he had made his Enemies for the _Netherlanders_ sake; which _Baron_ promis’d should be done as soon as the fresh Forces which were daily expected from the _Texel_, _Maes_, and _Zealand_, came to _Brasile_.

[Sidenote: The Fort of _Rio Grande_ taken by _Hinderson_.]

[Sidenote: Capt. _Montagne_ overpower’d by the Enemy, and slain.]

_Hinderson_ Landing at _Rio Grande_, took the Fort without firing a Gun, the _Portuguese_ at his first coming flying into the Woods. He found here abundance of Cattel; for no place in the World breeds more than this, several Husbandmen having fifteen thousand Head of Beasts, of which many were taken to supply the want of Provisions at _Reciffa_. As soon as he had taken the Fort, he caus’d it to be pull’d down to the Ground, because it stood in an inconvenient place, and immediately rais’d another, which was much better to be defended, by reason of the rising Ground; but he could neither bring that Work, nor any other Design to any perfection, because of the treachery of his Soldiers, who being most of them _Roman-Catholicks_, were so inclin’d to the _Portuguese_ Interest, that they daily more and more deserted the Companies Service, and gave Intelligence to the Enemy of their Transactions. Amongst others, an _Antwerper_ was apprehended for an Intelligencer, and being Hang’d on a Gibbet, fell three times one after another on his Feet, the Halter breaking like a burnt Thred, which gave him so many times of respit and opportunity of supplicating for Life; but his Crime was too hainous to admit of Pardon. Mean while the fled _Portugueses_ being supply’d with fresh Supplies from all Places, especially from St. _Salvador_, to the number of twelve hundred Men, they kill’d the Out-watches, consisting of twenty Men: The next Sentinel being warn’d by the noise, alarm’d the new Fort, which was scarce finish’d, because a mighty Shower of Rain had wash’d away the Walls. _Hinderson_ being wounded in the Leg, sent Captain _Montagne_ against the Enemy, of whose Power he was sensible; yet going to the place where the Watch that was kill’d had kept their Station, he met with two hundred _Portugueses_, divided into three Companies, and drawn out for Battel, who running away were pursu’d by _Montagne_, till coming up to their Regiment, which consisted in all of a thousand Men, divided into five Companies, they fell on all sides upon _Montagne_, who fighting valiantly, was overpower’d and kill’d, with three hundred of his Men, and almost as many more taken Prisoners; amongst whom was the Minister _Astette_, four hundred onely escaping into the Fort, where _Hinderson_ stay’d expecting the event of _Montagne_’s Exploits.

This Defeat spoil’d _Schuppe_’s Design, who by his marching to _Rio Francisco_ thought to draw the Enemy from _Reciffa_; but now being forc’d to think of some other way, he thought it convenient to invade St. _Salvador_ by Sea, as the Enemy had done _Reciffa_ by Land. Wherefore _Hinderson_ receiv’d order to stay with six hundred Men (being all that were left of fifteen hundred,) on _Rio Grande_, whither a Barque with Provisions being sent, was taken, and the Men in cool Blood kill’d by the _Portuguese_.

[Sidenote: _Schuppe_’s Victory on the Island _Taperica_.]

[Sidenote: _Lichthart_’s Death.]

At the same time it was given out, that _Schuppe_ was going with the Admiral _Bankert_ to _Hinderson_’s assistance; and to delude the _Portuguese_ the more, _Schuppe_ went with two thousand five hundred Men to _Rio Francisco_, where he lay some days at an Anchor; upon which the Governor of St. _Salvador_ sending several Companies thither, _Schuppe_ Sail’d with all speed to St. _Salvador_, and Landing on the Island _Taperica_, four Leagues in circumference, he got a rich Booty, and spar’d none whome’re he met with, insomuch that two thousand were destroy’d, some by the Sword upon the place, others by their haste to get over to St. _Salvador_; for most of the Vessels being too full, sunk with them. Amongst the Prisoners that were taken and sent to _Reciffa_, were two Monks, who were design’d the same Entertainment as the Minister _Astette_ should receive in St. _Salvador_; whereupon they immediately wrote to their Fraternity, to take care that _Astette_ should not be burnt alive, as the _Portuguese_ had threatned, because they were to expect the same usage: whereupon _Astette_ was set at liberty, and had leave to walk up and down the Streets of St. _Salvador_. _Schuppe_ fortifi’d himself on _Taperica_, near an Inlet under the new Works, and together with _Lichthart_ watch’d for all _Portuguese_ Vessels: But _Lichthart_ dying here, was carry’d to _Reciffa_, and there bury’d. On the other side, the Governor of St. _Salvador_ sent fifteen hundred Men in the Night to the other side of _Taperica_, where with all speed they Intrench’d themselves, and Sally’d daily out of their Works upon _Schuppe_, so that many Men were lost on both sides; but _Schuppe_ was in the worst Condition, in regard his Soldiers ran over in great numbers to St. _Salvador_, where they were well Entertain’d; of which he advertis’d the Privy-Council, who were the less able to give him Redress, as having the same cause of Complaint.

[Sidenote: A pitiful Example of a young Soldiers Execution.]

Amongst others there hapned a sad Accident of a young Soldier, scarce sixteen years old, and born at _Roan_, who having robb’d his Father’s Cash, went in a Ship to _Holland_; where he lavishly spending the Money, was forc’d at last to List himself in the _West-India_ Companies Service, and coming with the fore-mention’d Fleet to _Reciffa_, endeavor’d with two Companies to run to the _Portuguese_; but overtaken, was Try’d for the Fact, and Condemn’d to be Hang’d, for none of his Excuses which he made, of going over the River onely to fetch some Oranges and Lemmons to refresh himself, would save him, nor his protesting that he had no intention of going to the Enemy, nor the Promise that his Father should release him for ten thousand Crowns, nor his Minority, which ought chiefly to have been consider’d, but that Necessity stopt the Ears of the Compassionate; so that his Execution drew pity from the Beholders a few Weeks after.

[Sidenote: A notable Passage of a _Portuguese_, Executed for Treason.]

A very astonishing Passage hapned at _Reciffa_ upon another Sentence of Death pronounc’d against a _Portuguese_, who after the publication of the Act of Pardon came to _Reciffa_, and there hir’d a Seaman for two hundred Crowns, to carry a Letter, made up in a Leaden Box, to the Governor of the Promontory of St. _Augustine_, with order that if he was set upon any where, he should throw the Box into the Water. The Letter written in strange Characters, contain’d a Declaration of the small number of Men in _Reciffa_, most of the _Netherlanders_ Forces lying on the Island _Taperica_, so that if _Reciffa_ were Storm’d along the Bank, and from _Maurice-stadt_, it might easily be taken. This Letter being intercepted, the _Portuguese_ was taken and Condemn’d, and as he was carrying to the Place of Execution cry’d aloud, _You People take delight in my Death, but you shall be interrupted_; and indeed it hapned accordingly: for when the Executioner began to scorch the half-strangled Criminal with Straw, there sprung up a strange Spirit of Contention amongst the Spectators, who began to justle and strike one another; and soon after a Whirlwind rose in the midst of the Market-place, which in a moment caus’d them all to stagger like drunken People, their Hats and Caps were blown up into the Air, the whole multitude tumbling confusedly on the Ground, the Arm’d Soldiers flying to the next Houses, and the Executioner falling down in a Trance from the Scaffold: A full quarter of an hour this Confusion had lasted, when the People came to themselves again, and the Hangman return’d to his Business, cutting off the _Portuguese_’s Nose, Ears, Privy-Members, and tearing out his Heart, which he threw to two Dogs, who devour’d the same; then dividing the Body into Quarters, which were set up at the four Corners of the City for an Example.

The same Punishment receiv’d a _Mulatto_, who endeavor’d to fire two of the _Hollanders_ best Ships in the Haven.

Notwithstanding these Punishments, the Soldiers ran away daily; the blame whereof might justly be laid on the Magistrates, who took no notice of the Soldiers just Complaints of their Officers, cheating them of a third part of their Provision, and inflicting severe Punishments upon them as Mutineers, when they had real cause of Complaint.

_Schuppe_ was at the same time shrewdly put to it for want of Men, who either dy’d of the then reigning Disease, or ran away to the Enemy; so that he was forced to leave the Island _Taperica_, and inclose himself within his new rais’d Sconce.

[Sidenote: Admiral _Bankert_ gains a great Victory over the _Portuguese_
Fleet.]

The Admiral _Bankert_ had better success; for Cruising up and down before the Inlet _Todos los Sanctos_, after the taking and sinking of several Ships as they came in his way, he at last set upon the _Portuguese_ Fleet, consisting of seven great Ships, of which one got to St. _Salvador_, another was sunk, and the other five were taken, being valu’d at twenty Tuns of Gold, or 200000 l. _Sterl._ In this Engagement were kill’d above four hundred _Portugueses_, besides two hundred and fifty who were taken Prisoners, and sent Shackled to _Reciffa_. Amongst them was the new Vice-Roy of _Brasile_, the Admiral, Vice-Admiral, three Monks, and several other Persons of note.

[Sidenote: Marshal _Hous_ arrives at _Reciffa_ with a fresh Supply.]

This Victory began to give some Breath to _Reciffa_, when at the same time Marshal _Hous_ arriv’d there with seven Ships, Mann’d with five hundred Soldiers. This _Hous_ on the seventeenth of _August_, Anno 1645. had been taken Prisoner at the _Engenho_ having fought so long till all his Powder was spent, so that he was forc’d to surrender himself upon promise of Quarter to _Vidal_, who after he had taken an Oath upon the _Bible_, to spare the Lives of all the _Hollanders_ and _Brasilians_ fell upon the _Brasilians_ and slew them, being a hundred in all, in Cold-blood, who yet sold their Lives at no easie rate. Being carry’d Prisoner, together with Captain _Bristow_, _Listry_, _Wildschut_, _Blar_, and two hundred more, by _Viera_ to _Casa de Prugar_, he was thence sent to _Portugal_, where being releas’d, he brought News to the _States_ of the mean Condition of the _West-India_ Company, and that all things must needs be lost, if they did not speedily take the Business into Consideration: Whereupon he was furnish’d with a Supply of Ships and Men, with which he set Sail for _Brasile_; where being arriv’d, most part of the Soldiers he brought with him were Transported to _Taperica_, to assist _Schuppe_; who as soon as they came to him, march’d into the Countrey; where being set upon by a thousand _Portugueses_, he lost sixty Men.

Soon after _Hoogenstraet_ receiving Orders from the Governor of St. _Salvador_, who was inform’d by some Prisoners, that _Schuppe_ had not above twelve hundred fighting Men, to fall upon him with three thousand, made a furious Assault upon the Sconce in two places, and Storming the same for two hours together, lost four hundred Men, which made him draw off a little before Day-break.

In the interim nine Privateers, fitted out by several Merchants of _Holland_ and _Zealand_, came to Cruise up and down before the Coast of _Brasile_; which the _States_ the rather allow’d of, because the _West-India_ Company was not able to send any more Supplies thither: Nor was it long ere they took five _Portuguese_ Prizes, and afterwards (joyning with _Bankert_) four more laden full of Sugar, in the Haven _Todos los Sanctos_, where they threw a hundred and twenty _Portuguese_, and fifty revolted _Hollanders_ overboard.

[Sidenote: The Council of _Reciffa_ send over Messengers to represent
the sad condition of the Place.]

[Sidenote: _Bankert_’s Death and Character.]

_Reciffa_ being at that time reduc’d to very great straits, earnestly implor’d Aid from the _States_, but to little purpose, by reason of the Differences amongst themselves, which hapned upon this occasion: The _Spanish_ King by his Agent in the _Hague_ made Overtures of Peace, and proffer’d to fall upon the _Portuguese_ in _Brasile_: to which Proposition, whenas the rest of the _States_ seem’d inclinable, those of _Zealand_ would no ways hearken, being resolv’d to have nothing to do with _Spain_. The news of this Dissention exceedingly perplex’d the Council at _Reciffa_, especially when to that news was added, that _Bankert_, the onely terror to the Enemy at Sea, was Commanded home by the _States_ of _Zealand_, which yet the _General States_ strictly forbad. Whereupon they thought fit to send one of their Assembly to the _Hague_, to make the _States_ acquainted with the miserable Condition of _Brasile_, and to Expostulate with them for their insensibility of their Condition, and to let them understand, that ten thousand Men would not restore _Brasile_ to its former Condition: Every one strove to be the Messenger of these sad tydings, but especially their President _Schonenbergh_ wish’d it might be his lot to leave the unhappy Countrey of _Brasile_; but because his departure would not have been without great murmuring of the People, _Haeks_ was sent in his stead. Together with him went _Hinderson_ (who was in no esteem since the Destruction on _Rio Grande_;) they both Embarqu’d on _Bankert_’s Ship and five others, which in stead of being laden with rich Commodities, and ballasted with Sugar, as heretofore, were fraught with discontented Seamen, decrepid and sick Soldiers, unserviceable _Jews_, poor Travellers, _Portuguese_ Prisoners, and onely ten Weeks Provisions; whereas all other Vessels at their Return from _Brasile_ us’d to have Provision for three Moneths, which at this time could not be spar’d. The Council also made Orders what Persons should go with the fore-mention’d Ships, _viz._ None but those whose Names were written in the Lists which had stuck six Weeks at every Church Door, that by that means no Creditor might suffer by his Debtors going away, nor any Criminal escape his deserved punishment. _Bankert_ had scarce been a Week at Sea, when he dy’d of the Palsie: he was a Man, who for his valiant Exploits was from a Fore-mast Man preferred to be Captain; which Office he perform’d with great Prudence and Valor; but that which first made him most eminently taken notice of, was his Engaging with thirteen _Dunkirkers_, of which he sunk three, and being boarded by three more, and fir’d at by the rest, he refus’d to surrender his Ship on promise of Quarter, but plac’d his eldest Son with a lighted Match in the Powder-room, commanding him on pain of Death to blow up the Ship with the three _Dunkirkers_ as soon as he gave the Word; which valorous Resolution so amaz’d the Enemy, that they let him go. He also behav’d himself bravely in the _Downs_ against the _Spanish_ Admiral _Oquendo_. His two Sons that were present when he gave up the Ghost, would not have his Body thrown overboard, notwithstanding it stunk so intolerably, that all the Provisions in the Ship were tainted by it; therefore taking out his Entrails, they Salted the Body, wrapt it up in four Sail-cloths, and nailing the same up in a pitchy Chest, bury’d it under the Ballast. Mean while the Fleet approaching the _Flemmish_ Isles, was surpris’d by a terrible Storm, in which the Vice-Admiral’s old Ship split asunder, but most of the People were sav’d. Between _Calice_ and _Dover_ they met with eight _Ostenders_, against whom they made themselves ready to Fight; but they, according to the King of _Spain_’s Order, instead of Hostility shew’d them Friendship. All their Provisions were spent, when they happily Anchor’d before _Flushing_, where _Bankert_’s Body was Interr’d with great Solemnity.

[Sidenote: Overtures of Peace from the _Portuguese_ refus’d by the
_Netherlands_.]

In the interim the _United Netherlands_ had fitted out another Fleet to assist _Reciffa_, the _West-India_ Company having first demanded of the King of _Portugal_ two hundred and eighty Tuns of Gold, to the value of which they affirm’d themselves to have been damag’d by the Insurrection of the _Portuguese_. On the other side, the King of _Portugal_ was in a quandary about the Business of _Brasile_; for first, he had no other thoughts but that _Brasile_ would have fall’n into his hands within the space of three Moneths, because the Plot there was so subtilly laid; neither did he think the _States_ would have concern’d themselves with the _West-India_ Companies Business, which now it was manifest they did. Besides this, there was a third Inconvenience, _viz._ that the _Spanish_ Crown endeavor’d to conclude a Peace with the _United Netherlands_; wherefore that he might put a stop to the sending of the Fleet to _Brasile_, he dealt with the _French_ Ambassador to make very advantageous Proffers in his behalf, _viz._ That he would surrender all the conquer’d Places, and make good all the Damages that had been sustain’d thereby. The Fleet appointed to go to _Brasile_ was hereupon stopt, till the _States_ had Consulted about an Answer on the fore-mention’d Propositions; but when _Haeks_ brought news of the falshood of the _Portuguese_, the Scale was immediately turn’d, insomuch that the _Portuguese_ Ambassador went in danger of his Life, till the Mutineers were put into Custody. Moreover the Fleet was order’d to Sail with all speed possible to _Reciffa_, with promise that another Fleet should soon follow with six thousand Men; but the many disconsolate tydings that had been brought of late, of the hardships and sufferings of those that went before, through the unwholsomness of the Climate, the want of Provisions, the Strength and Cruelty of the Enemy, made the Seamen and Soldiers very unwilling to go so fatal a Voyage, insomuch that as many as could, made their escape: yet at last, on the last day of _December_, Anno 1647. the Fleet set Sail under the Command of _Corneliszoon de Wit_; some Weeks before which _Schuppe_ was forc’d to desert the Island _Taperica_, to go and aid _Reciffa_, which the _Portuguese_ from a rais’d Battery on the other side of the River _Biberibi_ shot at so incessantly, that none were safe either in their Houses or in the Streets.

Mean while the _Portuguese_ Agent, _Francisco de Sousa Continho_, proffer’d the _States_ to go to _Brasile_ himself, and cause to be restor’d all those Places which had been taken from the _West-India_ Company, particularly the City St. _Salvador_ and _Tercera_, besides Reparation for all other Damages.

[Sidenote: _Grave Maurice_ his high Demands.]

At the same time _Grave Maurice_ was Treated with to go to _Brasile_ again, but his Demands were so high, that it came to nothing; for he requir’d 4000 _l._ yearly to spend at his Table, and 5000 _l._ besides during his Life; also 2000 _l._ to set him out, and twelve thousand Men to Besiege St. _Salvador_, which was always guarded by four thousand, and thirty Carvels lay ready before _Lisbon_ to carry four thousand more thither.

[Sidenote: _Angola_ and _Loando_ taken by the _Portuguese_.]

All things went very ill on the _Hollanders_ side at this present; for besides that the fore-mention’d Fleet had not its wish’d success, most of the Men being destroy’d by the immoderate Heat of the Climate, _Angola_ and _Loando_ were also taken by the _Portuguese_.

These Misfortunes made the _West-India_ Company begin to be very forward to come to a Treaty with the _Portuguese_ Agent, who before seem’d rather to court them, having offer’d to Engage for the restoration of whatever they possess’d at that time, when the ten years Peace was concluded; but when they came to insist upon that Point, he answer’d, That he must expect new Orders from _Lisbon_ concerning _Loando_, because the taking of that Place caus’d an alteration in the state of Affairs. But the _States_ no way satisfi’d with Delays, that were like to prove both hurtful and disgraceful, resolv’d to put into Execution what they had before agreed upon, _viz._ The _East-India_ Company was impower’d to make Prize of all _Portuguese_ Ships towards the payment of the fifteen Tuns of Gold ordain’d for the _West-India_ Company, to help them against the _Portuguese_ Oppression. The _West-India_ Company also receiv’d Commissions to Cruise for _Portuguese_ Vessels before _Brasile_.

[Sidenote: _Schuppe_ and _Coche_ miserably defeated as they were
Besieging _Gararapes_.]

On the seventeenth of _February_, Anno 1649. three thousand Soldiers that came over in the fore-mention’d Fleet, besides two hundred _Negro_’s, and as many Seamen, marching to Besiege _Gararapes_ under the Command of _Schuppe_ and _Coche_, were so furiously set upon by the Sallying Enemy, that they were forc’d to break up the Siege in great disorder, whilest the _Portuguese_ being in number two thousand five hundred, fell upon the Rere; and though the _Dutch_ Officers us’d all the care they could possible to bring their Men to face about, yet they were not able to keep them from running away; in which flight great slaughter of them was made by the _Portuguese_ Horse, consisting of a hundred and thirty, Arm’d with Lances, insomuch that in the flight and the pursuit, a thousand _Netherlanders_ were slain, and nineteen Ensigns or Colours were left behind as Trophies for the _Portuguese_; the chief of the Slain were Colonel _Brink_ and _Houteryve_.

The _Zealanders_ were much concern’d at the improsperous Affairs of _Brasile_, in regard a fifth part of the _West-India_ Companies Stock belong’d to _Middleburg_, _Flushing_, and _Veer_, insomuch that the Complaints of Widows and Orphans that shar’d in the common loss, mov’d the _States_ to fit out six great Ships, and as many Ketches, Mann’d with two thousand eight hundred Men, for _Brasile_, where all things ran to ruine, the Grandees both of the Council, Army, and Fleet, being at variance, and impeaching one another.

The rest of the Provinces, especially _Friesland_, being less inclin’d to the _West-India_ Company, were somewhat colder in the pursuit of this Business; nevertheless, upon a fresh Letter of Complaint from _Walter Schonenbergh_, President of the _Brasilian_ Council, they held a Consultation together, how to raise Moneys for the fitting out of twenty Ships and five Ketches for the Relief of _Brasile_.

[Sidenote: _De Wit_ releas’d from Prison, justifies his Return.]

The Admiral _De Wit_ returning home, was, upon the accusation of the Council in _Brasile_, and the General, _Sigismond Schuppe_, made Prisoner in the _Hague_; and together with him the other five Captains that went with him were Committed by the Admiralty, for returning without the Consent of the Council; but they were soon releas’d by the Magistrates of _Amsterdam_, who upon the Admiralties refusing to deliver them, commanded their Provost-Marshal to break open their Prison Doors. _De Wit_ after his Releasement justifi’d what he had done before a full Assembly of the _States_, and alledg’d that it was according to the Orders he receiv’d when he undertook this Expedition.

The _Portuguese_ Agent, _Sousa Macede_, obtaining Audience of the _States_, told them how ready the King his Master had been to come to a perfect Agreement of Peace with them, but that their own Acts of Hostility had been the occasion of the breach of that Treaty of Peace that had been concluded on; that the Robberies and Insolencies committed by those _Portugueses_ under their Jurisdiction, was not any way authoris’d or countenanc’d by him; lastly, he offer’d them free Trade to _Brasile_ eighty Tun of Gold to the _West-India Company_, 800000 _l._ to the Orphans and Widows in _Zealand_, and payment of all private Debts. But making no mention of restoring the Places in _Brasile_, he seem’d to mock the _States_; who resented it so much, that they would admit of no farther Conference with him.

[Sidenote: _Schuppe_, _Haeks_, and _Schonenbergh_ declare the Reasons of
the loss of _Reciffa_.]

Mean while the _West-India_ Companies Business in _Brasile_ went daily more and more to ruine, insomuch that in the Year 1654. they lost all their Forts and Places of Strength and Habitation, and amongst them _Reciffa_, the chief Residence of the Council of _Brasile_, who returning home, brought nothing but a doleful Relation of their unfortunate Proceedings. _Schuppe_, _Haeks_, and _Schonenbergh_, made each of them a long Oration, setting forth the sad Condition of the Place, and the Miseries they had endur’d a long time before they left it; also excusing their total quitting thereof to the Enemy by the great want of Provisions and other Supplies, which they so often had written for in vain, at least receiv’d short of what their Necessities requir’d, and by the Clamours of the Soldiers, who were ready upon all occasions to Mutiny or Revolt, as appear’d by their crying out upon the discovery of a Fleet of _Portuguese_ upon the Coast, _Behold our Deliverers from_ the Netherlanders _Tyranny_; lastly, by the growing Power of their Enemies, which they could not have resisted, though they themselves had been much stronger than they were.

[Sidenote: They are try’d at a Council of War.]

But the _West-India_ Company sensibly touch’d at the thoughts of their Losses, were not satisfi’d with the Relation of _Schonenbergh_, _Haeks_, and _Schuppe_, but requir’d a Journal of every days Transactions, or Testimonies to confirm the truth of their Relation: They also demanded an Account of the Condition of the Store-houses when _Reciffa_ was surrendred, and fell upon them with several Interrogatories, _viz._ Why the Fort _Afogados_ was forsaken? Why the Garrisons were not drawn in from the North to _Reciffa_? Why they did not keep footing on the Land, and guard those Places they had left when _Reciffa_ was lost? Why they made such ado for want of Provisions and Ammunition to dishearten the People? Why the Money proffer’d by several Citizens was not taken? Why they did not burn the Enemy’s Fleet, since, according to the opinion of several, it might easily have been done? How they could testifie the Sedition of the Soldiers, since none of their Commanders complain’d of it? Whether they us’d any Means to encourage the Besieged? Who did, and who did not consent to the Surrender? Whether no better Terms could have been made? In fine, they prevail’d with the _States_ to secure _Schonenbergh_, _Haeks_, and _Schuppe_, in their Houses, and on the ninth of _September_, Anno 1654. brought them before a Council of War in the _Hague_, where the chief things objected against them were, That the _Portuguese_ had gotten by the Conquest of _Reciffa_, above two hundred Brass Guns, most of them Demi-Culverins, and four hundred Iron Guns, valu’d together at ten hundred thousand _Rixdollars_; That the Store-houses were sufficiently stock’d with Provision and Ammunition; That they took care to secure their own Goods, but left what belong’d to the _West-India_ Company as a Prey to the Enemy.

[Sidenote: Their Pleas.]

[Sidenote: _Schuppe_ condemn’d at a Council of War to lose his Salary.]

_Schuppe_ on his part alledg’d, that he could do nothing of himself, as being under the Command of the _Brasilian_ Council. _Haeks_ and _Schonenbergh_ pleaded the want of Men, by reason of the many that daily dropt from them, either by Death or Defection, to the Enemy, and those that remain’d, unsafe to be trusted, as consisting of so many different Nations, also their being block’d up at the Sea by the _Portuguese_ Fleet, the great want of Ammunition, especially Instruments of Fortification; lastly, the head-strong Resolutions of the Soldiers, to deliver up the Place, whatever their Officers should determine to the contrary; notwithstanding which, to shew that it was not quitted upon disadvantageous terms, they produc’d the Articles of Agreement upon which it was surrendred to _Francisco_, Governor of _Pernambuco_. In conclusion, the Council of War pass’d their Sentence on _Schuppe_, _viz._ That he should lose all the Sallary that was due to him from the _West-India_ Company since the twenty sixth of _January_ 1654. when he Sign’d the Agreement with _Baretto_ for the delivering up of _Reciffa_.

Thus the _Portuguese_ recover’d full and absolute possession of _Brasile_, yet not without fear of an afterclap of War; wherefore the _Portuguese_ Agent, upon condition of an absolute Peace to be concluded, proffer’d the _States General_ in the _Hague_, Satisfaction for the Damages which the _West-India_ Company had sustain’d in _Brasile_, eighty Tun of Gold, a free Trade to _Brasile_, and payment of the Debts due to them from several _Portugueses_ in _Brasile_; but told them, that to surrender them any Places there, was not in the power of the _Portuguese_ Crown. On the other side, the _Spaniard_ proffer’d to assist them in the total Conquest of _Brasile_, and to restore them those Places they formerly possess’d, as soon as they had subdu’d the _Portuguese_; to which the _Zealanders_ began to hearken, who being great Losers by the _Portugueses_ Treachery, wish’d for nothing more than Revenge; but _Holland_ having a great Trade to _Portugal_, was more inclin’d to Peace: Whereupon His Majesty of great _Britain_ proffer’d himself to be Mediator between the _Portuguese_ Crown and the _United Netherlands_; and accordingly on the sixth of _August_, Anno 1661. a Peace was concluded with _Portugal_ on these Terms:

[Sidenote: Articles of Peace between _Portugal_ and the _United
Netherlands_.]

I. _That_ Portugal _was to pay to the_ United Netherlands _eighty
Tun of Gold, either in ready Money, Sugar, Tobacco, or Salt, or
deduct the same out of the Customs payable in the_ Portuguese
_Harbors_.

II. _That the Guns on_ Reciffa _were to be restor’d to the_
West-India _Company_.

III. _That the Salt-Trade at_ St. Uves _and other Places under the_
Portuguese _Jurisdiction, whether in_ Africa _or_ Brasile, _should
be granted to the_ Netherlands, _paying the Customs as the_
Portuguese _do themselves_.

IV. _That the conquer’d Places gotten on both sides, should remain
in the hands of the present Possessors._

V. _That the King of_ Portugal _should not lay an Embargo on any_
Netherland _Vessel, on any pretence whatsoever, though they should
carry all manner of Ammunition to his Enemies, provided it were not
out of any of the_ Portuguese _Havens_.

VI. _That no_ Netherlander _should ever be call’d before any Judge
about any Difference in Religion, but should have freedom thereof
granted him, either in his House or Ship, and also a convenient
Burying-place_.

VII. _That if any Difference should chance to arise between_
Portugal _and the_ Netherlands, _they should not extend it to
prejudice the Trade, but every Merchant should be free to call in
his Debts, and send Ships without hinderance_.

VIII. _That this present Agreement should not be broken by any
Misdemeanors acted by any Subjects, either in the_ East _or_
West-Indies, _who were to be punish’d by their lawful Judges_.

IX. _That the Havens belonging to both Parties were to be free for
either Men of War or Merchant-Men._

X. _That the_ Netherlanders _Trading in_ Portugal, _might go Arm’d,
take Houses and Store-houses_.

XI. _That the Goods laden in an Enemy’s Ship might be declar’d free
Prize._

XII. _That the_ Portuguese _in_ Brasile _should pay their Debts
which they ow’d to the_ West-India _Company, or any other Person or
Persons; to which purpose three appointed Commissioners were to Sit
at_ Lisbon, _to hear and determine the Causes that should be brought
before them, and without the usual Circumstances, pass their
Sentence, which was to be Executed by a higher Power_.

A few days after this Agreement was concluded, the _Portuguese_ Ambassador, _Henrico Sousa Tovares_, went for _Lisbon_, where he arriv’d on the last day of _September_.

[Sidenote: The _States_ of _Groningen_ and others, disapprove the Peace
with _Portugal_, and condemn _Schulenbergh_.]

Not onely _Guelderland_ and _Zealand_, were much dissatisfi’d with this Agreement, but also _Groningen_ accus’d their Deputy _Schulenbergh_, that contrary to Orders he had been too forward in concluding the Peace with _Portugal_, and that he had consented to that which the _States_ of _Groningen_ had not permitted him; for they resolv’d to make Peace on no other account, but that _Portugal_ should pay the eighty Tun of Gold in ready Money, and that in a short time; whenas on the contrary, he had allow’d of the payment in Merchandise, and that in a long time. Wherefore the _States_ of _Groningen_ (who for this Fact and several Accusations brought against _Schulenbergh_, condemn’d him to be Beheaded, which Sentence had been Executed upon him, had he not made his Escape) together with those of _Omeland_, and others, who disapprov’d of the Peace concluded with _Portugal_, drew up many Reasons why they dissented, and look’d upon it as both dishonorable and disadvantageous; however, the Articles being Sign’d, and the _States General_, taking into consideration how impossible a Work it would have been to have gone about to renew a War with the _Portuguese_ in _Brasile_, being at that time in firm possession of all, and that for the Interest of a few, in respect of the whole Common-wealth, they were forc’d to rest satisfi’d, and together with the _West-India_ Company, to sit down with the loss of those Places in _Brasile_, which had cost so much Blood and Treasure to gain.

[Sidenote: The _West-India_ Companies Memorial deliver’d in to the
_States_.]

Nevertheless the _West-India_ Company put in a Memorial at the _Hague_, of all that had been done them from time to time, wherein they themselves had been great Sufferers, and the Common-wealth very much advantag’d, as namely, That at first they put in a Stock of seventy four Tun of Gold, sent out divers Fleets under the Admirals _Willekens_, _John Dirkszoon Lam_, _Boudewyn_, _Henrickszoon_, _Peter Hein_, _Adrian Pater_, _Henrick Lonk_, _Dirk Uitgeest_, _Peter Ita_, _Loos_, _Cornelis Houte-been_, _Lichthart_, _Bankert_, and others, at several times, which had much weakned the _Spanish_ Power, to the great advantage of the _United Netherlands_, because the _Spaniard_ was not onely forc’d to disperce his Power to defend _America_, but also lost great Riches on the Coast thereof, which being the Sinews of his War, prevented him from oppressing that _State_; That to their loss they suffer’d their Forces to stop the Enemy, when he broke into the _Veluwe_, at that time when the _United Netherlands_ seem’d to hang by a silken Thred; That it would probably have been the ruine of _Holland_, if the mighty _Spanish_ Fleet which Engag’d with _Martin Tromp_ in the _Downs_, had been assisted by sixty six Sail, which _La Torre_ was forc’d to send to the Coast of _Brasile_, against the _West-India_ Company; That this Companies Concern was so great a Nursery of Mariners in the Year 1629. that they had above a hundred Ships at Sea, and fifteen thousand Men in their Service; which the _United Netherlands_ considering, and judging that Charge too great for the Company to maintain, had resolv’d to contribute a certain Sum towards it yearly, which had not yet been paid; which made them take up Money upon Interest, and put in a Supply of thirty Tun of Gold for the payment of the same; That the Expedition of _Henrick Brewer_ to _Chili_ had put them very much behind-hand, because the Enemy having notice of it, secur’d himself, yet was often terrifi’d with it; for _Brewer_ having found out a Way to go from _Reciffa_ to the Province of _Chili_ in two Moneths, and accordingly to do great mischief to the _Spanish_ Power, whose Riches lay bare all along the South Sea; this and many other things forc’d to make that honorable Peace with the _Netherlands_, concluded on in _Munster_, Anno 1648.; That their Losses, computed and deliver’d in to the _States General_, amounted to sixty six Tun of Gold, and forty three thousand two hundred and ninety _Guilders_, which forc’d them to take up Money to pay Interest for what they had before, yet that they still kept fifty great Ships at Sea, and were resolv’d to prosecute their Trade with fresh vigor, as soon as Satisfaction should be given from the _Portuguese_ Crown, as was promis’d them in the Articles of Agreement, and they could obtain of their Lordships, to have their Patent prolong’d for a considerable time; That they were still indebted to those Orphans and Widows who furnish’d them with Money to set out their Forces, which in the first twelve years did the _Spaniard_ so much hurt, that the Damage is reckon’d to amount to one thousand one hundred and eighty Tun of Gold.

These things being taken into consideration by the _States General_, they granted the Company their Request, and gave them a new Patent, by virtue of which they now Trade to _Africa_ and the _Caribbee-Islands_, since they were forc’d to quit all they had possess’d in _Brasile_.

SECT. XII.
_The Journey of_ Rodulphus Baron, _with the Description of the Customs
and Manners of the_ Tapuyans.

_Rodulphus Baron_, to make a Discovery of the Countrey, upon the Encouragement of _Grave Maurice_, who allow’d him to that purpose a yearly Revenue, undertook a remarkable Journey, accompany’d with three _Tapuyans_; who going out of the Village _Caneri_ without any store of Provisions, left the Mountains _Cupaeva_ on the right-hand, and went seventy Leagues into the Countrey, without meeting with any People, onely he found one Mountain of _Fossile_ Glass; from whence he went Southward to the Villages of the _Waripebares_ and _Caripati_, who having courteously Entertain’d him, appointed certain Persons to accompany him from one Village to another, with Orders to Complement _Grave Maurice_, who sent them home with several Gifts.

The _Waripebares_ and _Caripati_ inhabit fourteen Villages on the Mountains which Bound _Brasile_ Westward, live by Hunting and Fishing, eat wild Honey and all manner of Fruit, and maintain continual Wars against a mighty People which inhabit the Western Plains.

[Sidenote: The Customs and Manners of the _Tapuyans_.]

As for the _Tapuyans_, they range up and down between the Rivers _Grande_, _Quoauguho_, _Ocioro_, _Upameoma_, and _Voiroguo_, without having any setled Abodes; they are a strong People, stern of Countenance, and black Hair’d: In stead of Circumcising their Children, they cut them, which is done after this manner: The Priests stand on a row, Dancing and Singing, whilest one of them swings the Child round about his Head before all the Multitude, and then runs away with it; at last returning, sets it in his Lap, whilest another Priest cutting a Hole in the Ears and Lips thereof, puts little Bones into the same, and the Mother cries and howls after a terrible manner. At these Ceremonies, which end with Dancing and Singing, their King is always present.

The Virgins are kept by their Parents till the Mothers perceive them to have their Monethly Courses, which they immediately reveal to the Priests, who acquaint the King therewith, before whom the Maid, being Painted red, is brought; whom having smoak’d with Tobacco, he throws an Arrow at a Garland, which she wears on her Head, and if he chances to hit it, he gives her his Benediction, by licking certain parts of her Body, from which she hopes to receive long Life.

So soon as a Woman is gotten with Child by her Husband, she lies no more with him, but he is permitted to enjoy his other Wives, whose number is either more or less, according to every ones pleasure. The Women after Delivery eat their After-birth.

Adultery is free for Men, but if Women be taken in the Act, they are immediately put to Death.

After they have done Soweing and Planting, the King calls all his People and Subjects together, and appears to them hung round with Garlands; and all of them have their Bodies Painted and stuck full of divers colour’d Feathers.

[Sidenote: Strange kind of Prognostication.]

The Priests when they go about to foretel future Events, either Sing or Pipe, and at the same time hold up their Heads towards the Skie, and stand gazing, as if they saw some strange Vision in the Air; on some of their Backs hangs a Bundle of Ostriches Feathers; some throw Feathers in the Air, to see which way the Wind blows. When the Waters overflowing _Brasile_ did much harm, _Anno 1641._ the Priests being Consulted, brought forth the King’s _Calabash_, in which lay their sacred Stones call’d _Cohuterak_ and _Titscheyouh_, and began to Dance and Sing; next six Priests were plac’d in a row, which were to Prognosticate: whereupon the first taking up a Stone, said, _The_ Netherlanders _have given Battel to those in_ St. Salvador, _but are now about an Agreement_: The second held up a Blossom of _Indian_ Wheat, and foretold that there would be plenty of that Grain: The third holding a white Pebble-stone, promis’d store of Milk: The fourth grasp’d a Stone like Bread, telling them that the Countrey should produce much Bread: The fifth holding up a Bowe and Arrow hung full of Feathers, cry’d aloud, _This is a Gift of the Angels, Birds shall flie thicker than these Feathers hang together_: The sixth, having a lump of Wax, foretold that there would be plenty of Honey made by the Bees that year.

They worship the Constellation _Ursa Minor_.

They observe a very strange way of Purging; for with a Stick they thrust sharp Leaves down their Throats into their Stomach, which they turn so long till they vomit Blood.

[Sidenote: Their manner of Wrestling.]

In the Summer they have a general Meeting for Wrestling, and other Exercises, which lasts three days. The Wrestlers are strangely attir’d; for they are all over their Bodies beset with divers sorts of Feathers, and in stead of Boots or Buskins, wear the Barks of Trees about their Legs; their Hair besmear’d with Honey, and ty’d in a Tuft, hangs down behind; on their Crowns they wear a Plume of Feathers, about their Necks a Band or Gorget of Feathers; at their Arms they tie the Wings of the Birds _Kohitub_, and on their Backs a green Bough; their whole Bodies Painted with divers Colours, and their Hair all Red: Thus accoutred, they Engage one with another, and if there be an old Grudge between them, then they Fight in earnest, and often kill one another: The Victor with strange Actions upbraids the Vanquish’d with Cowardise, and ever after enjoys his Wife and Children.

They eat the Serpent _Manuah_, being four Yards long, and on the Tail having a Horn, which with a push it thrusts into Man or Beast, as it lights, then winds it self about the Body, and sucks till it hath suck’d the last drop of Blood.

Here are also Serpents which are so poysonous, that the least Wound receiv’d by them is mortal, unless the part bitten be either immediately cut out, or off.

The Priests cut the deceased Bodies into pieces, which are roasted by old Women; the Bones are taken out, and at the next publick Feast are stamp’d, mix’d with Water, and Drank: But the Bodies of Noblemen are to be eaten by none but Persons of that Rank.

[Sidenote: Their manner of Crowning their Kings.]

They also Crown their Kings after a strange manner, _viz._ The Priests, who are beset with Feathers, anoint him with sweet-smelling Oyl, or Balsam, and put a Crown of divers colour’d Feathers on his Head, after which they all fall a Singing and Dancing; but if any one happen to speak a word of the deceased King, they all begin to howl and cry. The Kings Authority consists more in Advising than Commanding.

[Sidenote: Their Opinions concerning the Soul.]

They believe that the Souls of those who die a natural Death are immortal; but those that are kill’d by their Enemies, devour’d by ravenous Beasts, or poyson’d, are totally extinguish’d both Soul and Body for ever. They say likewise that Hell is Westward near a dark Pool, where the Devil Examines every Soul how they liv’d on Earth, and what Death they dy’d; the Good are Ferry’d over to a delightful Valley, where there is plenty of Fish, Honey, and Flesh; but the Wicked are miserably tormented.

The Natives live peaceably amongst themselves, their Law being for those that have not, to ask, and for those that have, to give.

They never Travel in the Night for fear of Serpents and other ravenous Beasts, neither do they go any whither till the Sun has dry’d up the Dew.

[Sidenote: King _Janduy_ his subtile Plot.]

King _Janduy_ before-mention’d, being above a hundred years of age, desir’d the Prince of _Juckers_ fair Daughter to Wife, but being deny’d, contriv’d a subtil Plot, _viz._ he invited _Jucker_, with his Courtiers, to a Wresting; whither he coming with his whole Train, was earnestly minding the Sport, when a considerable number of _Janduy_’s Women falling upon _Jucker_’s Men, destroy’d a great many of them, and got the desir’d Maid for _Janduy_, who at that time had fourteen Wives and sixty Children, but had formerly enjoy’d fifty Wives and Concubines.

[Sidenote: Their Arms.]

Not onely amongst the _Tapuyans_, but generally amongst the rest of the _Brasilians_, their Arms are great Clubs call’d _Tacapes_; also sharp Darts, and strong Bowes call’d _Orapares_, with Shields, which are made of the Skin of a Beast call’d _Tapiroussous_.