Chapter VII: Front Matter (7)

But whilst _Cortez_ having staid waiting eight Months in _Tenustitan_, for the return of the Messengers sent to the _Spanish_ Court, receiv’d Tidings, That _Pamphilo Narvaecy_, by order of _Velasques_, was come with eighteen Sail, Mann’d with eight hundred Foot, and eighty Horse, from _Cuba_, and now riding before the _Mexican_ Coast; from whence soon after he receiv’d unexpected Command, to come presently aboard unarm’d, and resign up his Authority: But he in stead of submission, compell’d _Narvaecy_ in a short time to relinquish his Title, and own him for Superior. Mean while the _Spaniards_ which remain’d in possession of _Tenustitan_, ran the hazard of a general Massacre; for the Citizens much stomacking the Oppressions of the _Spaniards_, who grew very insolent, inslaving their King, bringing their inveterate Enemies the _Tlaxcallans_ and _Guazuzingans_ into their City, exacting them to pay Tributes, pulling down their Gods, and demolishing their ancient Idols, they brake out from all Parts in a tumultuous manner, ran to Arms, and besieg’d them Day and Night in their Fort, although _Montezuma_ endeavor’d to perswade the contrary. _Cortez_, hearing of it, came to their relief with the New Forces Landed from _Cuba_; but he fighting his way ere he could get in, was so roughly entertain’d by the _Mexicans_, that they kill’d him forty Men, wounding as many more; and notwithstanding fifteen Field-pieces with continual Shot made foul Breaches, lessening the number of the Assailants, yet they suddenly fill’d up their Vacancies again with fresh Men, which clamber’d over the Heaps of those that lay slain. Three Days the Battel had continu’d very fierce, when _Montezuma_ being with the _Spaniards_ in the Castle, went to a low Window, to see if he could command his Subjects to retreat; but a continual Cry so deafned their Ears, and showres of Arrows and Stones so took away their sight, that he did nothing: Then _Montezuma_, thinking to be more easily either heard or seen, went to a higher Window, where looking out, he was unfortunately hit with a Stone, of which he died three days after. Besides their Enemies, the _Spaniards_ suffer’d extremely by Famine; and though they had beaten down a Tower, which had done the Castle great mischief, and set five hundred Houses on fire, yet they could discern no likely issue thereof, but judg’d it best to make their escape by Night over the nearest Bridge: _Cortez_ therefore dividing his gotten Treasures, which amounted to above seven hundred thousand Duckets, amongst his Soldiers, carried _Montezuma_’s Son, and two Daughters, Prisoners with him, though not without infinite danger and loss; for the _Tenustitans_ assail’d him on both sides, and falling in also upon his Rear, spar’d not to kill _Montezuma_’s own Children. In this last Fight the Service was so hot, that _Cortez_ lost forty two Horse, a hundred and fifty _Spaniards_, and two thousand Auxiliaries; and although gotten over the Lake, they were still pursu’d by the _Mexicans_, who would then undoubtedly have made a general Slaughter, had not _Cortez_ amused the Enemies, by leaving in the Night great Fires in several Places, his suppos’d Camps, whilst he silently stole away: Yet the _Tenustitans_ would have pursu’d the _Spaniards_, had they not wanted Provisions: But _Cortez_ sending his Treasure before him, through the Countrey _Colva_, to _Vera Crux_, with a Convoy of five Horse, and forty four Foot, were all cut off by the _Colvaans_, and feasted upon in a Thanksgiving Sacrifice. The same misfortune befel twelve _Spaniards_ in _Tepeacu_, which great City surrendred it self up to _Cortez_, being assisted by a mighty Army of _Tlaxcallans_ and others. But after all these Losses, he took _Guaccachiulla_, and _Izzuca_, both fortified with strong Walls and Gates; in which last he burnt above a hundred Temples, built for Humane Sacrifices. All the Countrey through which he thus ransack’d, he call’d _New-Spain_. From the City _Tazuco_, which he had newly taken, intending to besiege _Tenustitan_, he digg’d through the Lakes a broad Trench, of above three Leagues in length, to bring up thirteen new Ships to _Tenustitan_; and the neighboring People envying, that that City should not be conquer’d, as well as theirs, rais’d an Army of above a hundred and fifty thousand Men, making _Cortez_ their General: Himself incamped on one corner of the City, appointing the other two sides to be invested by _Gonsales Sandovalo_, and _Pedro Avarado_; but the Besieg’d resolutely broke out, and made a fierce Sally with five thousand Boats, setting upon the thirteen Ships; but the great Guns made such execution and havock amongst them, that they retreated with great damage. Whoever were taken Prisoners in this Fight by the _Spaniards_, the _Tlaxcallans_, being Commission’d by _Cortez_, feasted upon. On the seventh day the City was taken, but not without great Slaughter, and the new King imprison’d.

[Sidenote: Sad accident occasion’d by a _Tyger_.]

After this mighty Conquest, _Cortez_ resolv’d to discover those Territories that lay Southward; and whilst he was making all things ready for the Voyage, he sent two Ships with an invaluable Treasure to _Spain_, who fearing to be taken by the _French_ Pyrats, ran in at _Tercera_, where a miserable Accident hapned to the Seamen of the biggest Ship, wherein were carried two Tygers, which though taken young, and bred up amongst men, yet had not so quite forgotten their natural ferocity, but that one breaking loose in the Night, tore seven of them in pieces, hurting a far greater number, of which some had the Brawns of their Arms, the Calves of their Legs, and fleshy parts of their Thighs bit out.

[Sidenote: Strange Battel with Baboons.]

Several Places in _America_ breed Tygers, that far exceed Lyons in fierceness; so that where any considerable number of them frequents, though the Soil be never so fruitful, yet it is left desolate and forsaken. But the Baboons that frequent the Woods are more pleasant, and less dangerous. _Peter Arias_ relates, That his whole Army incountred with these Beasts, which climb’d from one Tree to the other, shrieking, and making very strange Gesticulations to those that were gone before, and gathering their Mouths and Hands full of Stones, which they threw as exact and strongly as a Man. When one of these Baboons, shot by a Musquet, fell to the Ground, the rest gave such a horrible shriek, that the Woods resounding with the noise, strook a terror into the _Spaniards_. Amongst several things that hapned in this Counter-scuffle, take this one: A _Spaniard_ taking aim with his Musquet at an old Baboon, which sate pearch’d up in a Tree, and being now just ready to give Fire, the Baboon Soldier, at the very instant, to break the Shot, taking a Stone out of his Mouth, threw it exactly into the Mans Mouth, with such force as beat out some of his Teeth; with which sudden blow surpris’d, he lost his Mark; and the proud Foe, shewing signs of Triumph, went his way.

[Sidenote: Great destruction.]

[Sidenote: The unfortunate Expedition of _Garajus_.]

[Sidenote: _Spaniards_ rosted.]

[Sidenote: _Cortez_ his Ambition.]

But whilst _Cortez_ staid in the Countrey of _Tenustitan_ (now call’d _Mexico_) _Franciscus Garajus_ sail’d out of the Haven of _Jamaica_, with eleven Ships, to the River _Panucus_, there, according to the Command of the Emperor _Charles_, to plant a Colony: Whereupon he went ashore, ordering his Fleet to sail along in sight of Land: So wading through the River _Montaltus_, which glides between high Mountains, he came to a Morassy Ground, in which he and they often sunk almost up to the Middle, and lost his way in a Thicket of young Trees; yet at last being come to the River _Panucus_, he found several high Walls, being the Ruines of Fortresses, Temples, and Towers, destroy’d by _Cortez_; so that the City lay quite desolate. Twenty Leagues further, upon the Banks of the same River, _Cortez_ had in like manner sack’d and destroy’d _Chiglia_, a Town which before its burning reckon’d above twenty thousand Houses, besides many fair Palaces, Walls, Towers, and Temples: Which Cruelties and Spoil had bred so great an _Odium_ in the Inhabitants against the _Spaniards_, that they immediately sent an Army against _Garajus_, who had only a few half-starv’d Men with him; yet he receiv’d the Enemy twice in his Retreat to the new Colony _St. Steven_, rais’d out of _Chiglia_’s Ruines; but finding no Provisions where-ever he came, he judg’d it fittest to send his Horse into the Countrey to Forage; which _Cortez_ meeting, took Prisoners, under pretence that _Garajus_ came to take Possession, where he had neither Authority nor Right. _Cortez_ also made himself Master of _Garajus_ Ship and Fleet, commanding him withal to appear in _Tenustitan_, which not knowing how to avoid, he obey’d: His People mean time ranging up and down without a Head or Commander, either died by Famine, or were murther’d and eaten by the Natives; for at one time the _Americans_ made a general Feast with two hundred and fifty rosted _Spaniards_: But their days of Triumph lasted not long; for _Sandovalus_, one of _Cortez_ his Prime Officers, set with so much fury upon those _Cannibals_, that he kill’d several thousands of them, and burnt sixty Persons of Prime Quality, all Commanders, in the sight of their Friends and Relations. But _Garajus_, whose Son was married to _Cortez_ his Daughter, liv’d not long after the Wedding, which occasion’d a murmur as if _Cortez_ had poyson’d him, to rid himself of a Partner in his Government; for it had been generally observ’d, that his Ambition suffer’d no Equal. The _Americans_ fell all down before him; all were Servants alike: The Court which he kept swarm’d with Attendance, on which he spent vast Sums of Money; yet his Incomes were able to bear such excessive Disbursements. He kept in constant Pay five thousand Soldiers, and several Ships ready rigg’d and prepar’d on all occasions, to hold in awe the enslav’d People, or else for the Discovery of New Countreys: Yet after all these extraordinary Charges defray’d, to shew his Wealth and Greatness, he caus’d a Piece of Cannon to be cast all of massie Gold: for the Kings which formerly acknowledg’d _Montezuma_ for their Sovereign, gave him a yearly Revenue, most of which were valu’d to be worth twenty three Tun of Gold; for so much the King of _Tescuscus_, a stately City, paid, whose Houses Plaister’d with White-Lime, seem’d afar off to be rather a Chalky Hill or Mountain, cover’d with Snow: Full as much did the King pay which reigned in _Otumba_, notwithstanding he had receiv’d with his _Christianity_ the Name of _Ferdinand Cortez_; yet others gave less: The King _Guacinalgo_, with his Mother, and some Slaves, bringing Gold, came to present it to _Cortez_; and entring the Palace, through a Guard of five hundred Horse and four Hundred Foot, which were always ready Arm’d for fear of Insurrections, he fell down prostrate on the Ground. Thus all things even out-went whatever he could desire, hope for, or imagine. And _Alvaredo_, one of his Commanders, being sent Eastwardly, brought great Treasures back with him, which the conquer’d Kings were forc’d to raise.

[Sidenote: His Misfortunes.]

But Fortune, who seldom continues her Favors long, at last began to frown; for _Cortez_ having sent an unvaluable Treasure of Gold and Pearls to the Emperor _Charles_ the Fifth, _Floryn_ the _French_ Pyrate met with and took it, which went so much to his Heart, that for a considerable time he sent no Advice to the _Spanish_ Court, which made them grow jealous of him, doubting that he intended to make himself King over _New-Spain_; and this Suspicion was not a little augmented by his Enemies.

[Sidenote: A Plot of two _Spanish_ Officers.]

In the Neck of these, follow’d another Misfortune; for _Christopher Olitus_, sent out by _Cortez_ to discover new Countreys, rebelling, took up Arms against him, being then in the Haven _Figueras_, five hundred Leagues beyond. Notwithstanding the _Spaniards_, although amongst a new-conquer’d People, which without doubt long’d for Revenge, were not to take notice of their danger, but to go on with undaunted Resolution; whereupon _Cortez_ drawing out a strong Party, march’d a long and troublesom way to meet _Olitus_, making great Slaughters where-ever he came. _Francisco de las Casas_ was commanded to go upon the same Account by Sea, and arriving first, found him setling his new Colony, which he nam’d _Triumph de Sancta Crux_; and notwithstanding the Water with a Northerly Wind was very rough and boysterous in the Haven _Figueras_ (which the _Spaniards_ call’d so, because they found Trees there, which growing at the Foot of the Mountains, bore a Fruit not unlike a Fig) yet they came to a present Engagement, wherein _Casas_ worsting _Olitus_, having sunk one of his Ships, stood out again to Sea; but surpriz’d by a violent Storm, and driven on the Shore, fell into _Olitus_’s Hands, who had a little before also taken _Egidíus_ or _Giles Gonsales_. These two Prisoners consulted together how they might poyson or murder _Olitus_, which fell out according to their desires, because the Servants of the House where they lodg’d sided with them; so taking hold of the first opportunity, as they were at Supper together, they stabb’d him with their Knives in several places; yet the Wounds were not so great or mortal, but that he retain’d strength to escape in the dark to a neighboring Hut; but the Assassinates immediately sent out Messengers, publishing, That he who did not, knowing where _Olitus_ was immediately bring him to them, should receive condign punishment; which terrifying _Olitus_, he discover’d himself, and was immediately beheaded.

[Sidenote: _Mexicans_ Apparel.]

During the time that the _Spanish_ Officers had these Civil Broyls one against another, _Lodowick Pontæus_, a Man well experienc’d in the Law, came from _Spain_ to _America_, there in the Emperors Name to settle all things in good order; having also particular Instructions, to shew great kindness to _Cortez_, and to make him a Knight of the Order of _St. James_, that by that means the Emperor might be the more esteem’d for his Noble Subjects and Servants, amongst the _Mexicans_, who are themselves of a proud and ambitious spirit, and chiefly the Nobility, which doth manifestly appear by their Apparel, more gorgeous than the meaner sort of _Americans_; and though the Slaves go stark naked (having onely a Cloth tied about their Privities) and with a Bowe and Arrows walk before their Lords, yet the Better Sort go very costly Habited; for about their Necks they wear Strings of Pearl; on their Heads, a Cap, from whence hang down two Scarfs, one longer than the other; then a party-colour’d Cotton Coat covers their whole Bodies to their Knees, under which they wear a Vest girt about their Middle.

But at last, after all these Services, _Cortez_ disagreeing with the Vice-Roy _Don Antonio Mendoza_, being about that time sent over, went male-contented into _Spain_.

SECT. XI.
Diego Gottierez _his Expedition_.

[Sidenote: _Gottierez_ contests with _Contreras_.]

[Sidenote: Is forsaken of all.]

[Sidenote: Great Tempest.]

[Sidenote: Village _Francisco_.]

[Sidenote: Strange manner of eating.]

[Sidenote: Unsatisfied Covetousness of _Gottierez_.]

_Anno 1540._ _Gottierez_ being chosen Governor of _New Carthage_, weigh’d Anchor from _Cadiz_, and sailing to _Nombre de Dios_, upon his Landing clash’d with _Roderick Contreras_, in whose Place he was sent to succeed. Two Years he spent without effecting any thing; but at last coming to Agreement with _Contreras_, he took the Governorship upon him, having first forewarn’d him not to depend too much upon his Authority; for the Countrey being full of Woods and Mountains, might hide many of his Enemies: But he not regarding the Advice, went a Journey from _New Granada_, and having march’d fifty Leagues Easterly, he cross’d into the River _Suere_, with sixty _Spaniards_, and was presented by the Princes of the Countrey with as much Gold as amounted to seven thousand Duckets. Here he spent some Weeks, effecting little; but now all things growing scarce, though he was very earnest with the Natives for Provisions, yet he could get little; which kind of Life the Soldiers disliking, and growing weary of, went away in the Night to _Nicaragua_. _Gottierez_ thus left alone, got into a Boat, with intent to follow them; and being just put off from the Shore, was met by Captain _Barjanto_, who brought new Forces and fresh Provisions with him: This wrought upon him to stay there. Not long after _Alphonso de Pisa_ went with twenty seven Men from _Nombre de Dios_ to the same River _Suere_; but it being then very rough at the Entrance, he was necessitated to pass on to a small uninhabited Isle, where whilst he lay at an Anchor, the Weather began to grow worse and worse; the Gusts of Wind, mix’d with Showres of Rain, Thunder, and Lightning, seem’d to threaten a general Destruction; for in the Ship two _Spaniards_ and one _Moor_ were kill’d by the Lightning: In seventy two Days, the Sun did not shine four Hours: At last weighing Anchor, he sail’d over to the Main Land, where he saw nothing but vast Mountains and Wildernesses. Here for a time they liv’d upon Cockles found on the Shore, and wild Fruits in the Woods: At length coming to _Gottierez_, he sent him with his People in five Boats to fetch new Forces from _Nombre de Dios_. In his way thither he saw a House built of Canes, cover’d with Palm-leaves, forty five Paces long, and built after an Oval fashion: Round about it stood several lesser Hovels, all which making up a Village, the _Spaniards_ nam’d _Francisco_, because they came thither on _St. Francis_ Day. About half way they met with the Lords of _Suere_ and _Chiuppa_, going to attend _Gottierez_, to whom being admitted, and sitting with him at Table, he gave them, as a Dainty, rosted Chickens and fresh Pork; but they gave it to their Servants, not delighting in the taste of such Victuals. _Gottierez_, by means of an Interpreter, told them concerning the _Christian Religion_, at which they bow’d their Heads, without making any Answer: But how little mind they had to embrace it, quickly appear’d; for not long after, they set their Villages on fire, and all the Provisions which they could not carry with them, they spoil’d, and so retiring, hid themselves upon inaccessible Mountains. Another Incentive leading them to this Fight, was, because the Governor _Camachiren_, and his Deputy (notwithstanding he had given _Gottierez_ as much Gold, when he came first into the Countrey, as amounted to seven thousand Duckets, as we mention’d before) yet was put in Prison by his Order, contrary to all Promises: Nay, _Gottierez_ threatned to burn him not regarding, that he had besides receiv’d of him several Pieces of Gold, resembling all manner of Beasts, as Tygers, and others; and also Fishes and Fowls curiously wrought, which were valu’d at two Tun of Gold; yet this Present seemed too little for him, whereupon bringing the Prisoner to a Chest, he swore that he would rost him by degrees, if in four days time he did not furnish him with four times as much more Gold as that Chest would hold: Whereupon _Chamachiren_’s Servants went away to get the requir’d Gold; but he, through carelesness of the Watch, made his escape in the Night, so that _Gottierez_ lost his Booty. But the other Prisoners, though threatned to be torn asunder with Dogs, remain’d firm, disowning that they had any Gold; and among the rest, one speaking boldly to the _Spanish_ Officer said, _That he stood amaz’d at his treacherous dealings, why did he keep him Chain’d against Law and Promise, and often threaten’d him with death, but yet would not kill him, for he, said he, had rather choose to die, than live so miserable a life_.

_Gottierez_’s Conscience troubling him, he would willingly have releas’d the _Indian_, and the rather, because he promis’d to procure a great ransome of Gold; but the inferior Commanders would not consent to it. After this they march’d six days through great Wildernesses, and over high Mountains, finding no Footsteps of any People. Lastly, They came down a very dangerous and steep Mountain, where had not the Shrubs and jutting Stones serv’d them to hold by, they had all broken their Necks.

[Sidenote: Dangerous Mountains.]

[Sidenote: Strange Huts.]

Fifteen Leagues, the hanging of this Mountain spread it self along a sweet River, on whose opposite Shore stood strange Huts full of dead Tygers, Deers Heads, and Legs; here they staid two days to rest themselves, where the Trees _Mamei_ and the _Cazabi_ Plants yielded them good Food.

[Sidenote: Valiant fight.]

Travelling forward, _Gottierez_ ask’d an _Indian_ which was the nearest way to a Village, but he pretending not to know any near hand, had his Head immediately cut off. In like manner, and for the same reason the _Indian_ Prince should also have been Executed, had not _Gottierez_ given order to the contrary; seeing his resolution, that with no less Patience than undaunted Courage, stretch’d forth his Neck to the Executioners. Mean while, their Provisions decreasing, they suffer’d extreme hunger; insomuch, that some fainted quite away. The Souldiers also rebelling against _Gottierez_ for Food, he commanded them to kill their Dogs, and stamp the Barks of Trees; two days they travelled much discontented in this manner, and at last came to the entrance of a Wood, where they espy’d an _Indian_ standing behind a Tree, which on a sudden ran away with incredible swiftness: early the next morning, above four thousand _Indians_ came Marching against the faint _Spaniards_, making a terrible noise with Horns and Drums; they were all except their Princes Painted black and red; some wore Plumes of Feathers on their Heads, and Collars of the same about their Necks; the fight began very fiercely, by casting abundance of Stones, and shooting of Arrows, wherein, though _Gottierez_ was at first Wounded, yet after half an hour the Assailants fled, but recruited with fresh Forces renew’d the fight, breaking into their Ranks, and making so great slaughter amongst them with Woodden Swords, and Palm-Tree Clubs, knocking down, and dealing such deadly Wounds, that of the _Spaniards_, three onely escap’d, saving themselves by flight, who two hours after, much amaz’d and terrify’d, came to their reserve, consisting onely of twenty four Men, which _Alphonso de Risa_ Commanded; the insulting Enemy at their Heels, waving over their Heads the Swords, Shields, and Cross-Bows which they had gotten from the slain _Spaniards_; and some withal crying in the _Spanish_ Tongue, _Come Christians, come, and take Gold_. But _de Risa_, for all their pride, set them going with some Volleys of Shot; after this, escaping innumerable other dangers, he came to _Nombre de Dios_, without having effected any thing of Note.

SECT. XIA.
_The Expeditions of_ Peter Alvarado, Francisco _and_ Gonzalvo Pizarro,
_and_ Diego de Almagro.

[Sidenote: _Pizarro_’s and _Almagro_’s remarkable exploits.]

In the City of _Panama_, in _New Spain_, liv’d three eminent _Spaniards_, call’d _Francisco Pizarro_, _Diego de Almagro_, and _Ferdinand de Luque_ a Priest, which joyntly design’d to discover farther Southerly along the rich Gold and Pearl Coast, and inspect the Southern Ocean. _De Luque_ was to look to home-affairs, and _Pizarro_ set Sail first with a Ship Man’d with one hundred and fourteen Men, which _Almagro_ follow’d with seventy more, yet both were valiantly repuls’d by the _Peruvians_; but although they return’d the first time with bad success, yet they undertook their business once more, but with no better fortune; whereupon discouraged, the undertaking seem’d to be totally laid aside, and the _American_ Vice-Roy, _Peter de Rios_ forbad any to attempt a farther Discovery concerning _Peru_.

The former difficulties with this Edict easily wrought upon _Pizarro_’s men, all but twelve, to leave him, for the rest went over with the Ship fitted out by _Rios_ with succors to the Island _Gallo_, where _Pizarro_ resided, having also fail’d in his second Expedition. But although he had made two bad Voyages, yet having an inclination to a third attempt, he went to _Spain_, desiring of the Emperor to be Governor of _Peru_, which he had discover’d; for besides his Plea of Merits he had taken possession of the Country twice by Landing there, intended for the use of his Imperial Majesty; one of his Sea-men to that purpose flourishing his two-handed Sword over his Head, the glittering of which Sword so frighted the Natives, that none of them durst come near him.

[Sidenote: _Pizarro_’s fight on _Puna_.]

His request being consulted upon, was at last granted, the Government of _Peru_ being conferred upon him; but _Almagro_ took it very ill, that _Pizarro_ went to the Emperor on such a design for himself; yet by the mediation of his Friends the difference was reconciled, then _Pizarro_ setting Sail with one hundred and fifty Foot besides Horse, and Landing at the Island _Puna_, at first was courteously entertain’d; but the _Spaniards_ by extravagant hunting and searching every where their Houses for Gold, and committing several other outrages, incensing, chang’d the humor of the Inhabitants so much, that they fell upon them. In stead of Ensigns, Standards, and Warlike Trophies, they used long Canes, at the end whereof were ty’d the Bones of their antient Hero’s, honor’d by them after their death: But these Reliques sav’d not the _Indians_ from slaughter, so well as the coverts of a neighboring Wood.

[Sidenote: Comes to _Peru_.]

[Sidenote: _Peruvian_ Temple.]

From this Isle, lying three degrees Southward of the _Equinoctial_, _Pizarro_ passed over to the _Main Continent_, where they were all in a great confusion, upon the report of the _Spaniards_ cruelties committed in _Puna_; yet all the preparations of the _Indians_ to withstand, stop’d not _Pizarro_ from his intended course; for first, having the success to master _Tampez_, thence he made nothing to march his Forces over the River _Ambato_, there burning a Temple Dedicated to the Sun. The _Portico_ stood towards the East, the rising of their God, before which hung a Curtain of their fine Cotton Stuff, within stood the presentations of two Golden Rams, shaded with Black, and as many Dragons, before which the Fire never went out, continually supply’d with Offerings of burnt Incense; on the Pillars hung several Men flead, their Flesh kept firm, and free from all Putrifaction, with the infusion of a sharp Juyce.

Here _Almagro_ coming to _Pizarro_ with fresh Forces, they made no little penetration into _Peru_, satisfying every where their thirst of Gold, and slaughtering the Toothless _Tombezes_, a people who having offended their King, had by his order the upper Teeth of the whole Nation beaten out.

[Sidenote: _Alvarado_’s Exploits.]

[Sidenote: Notable Stratagem of the _Peruvians_.]

[Sidenote: Wickedness of a Woman.]

[Sidenote: _Guatimala_ destroy’d by a flood.]

[Sidenote: _Velasques’_ Journey.]

_Peter Alvarado_ inform’d concerning the Riches of _Peru_, and well knowing how to insinuate with the Emperor in his fawning Letters, at last by his Friends so prevail’d, that he also got leave to go thither; in pursuance of which, _Anno 1534._ he Weigh’d Anchor with seven Ships from _Guatimala_, a City built by him between two Mountains. But Landing at _Puerto Viejo_, and Marching Easterly over Snowy Mountains, he was met by _Almagro_, between whom a bloody incounter was like to have happen’d, but after some time, a Treaty being set a Foot, they came to a Composition on these Articles: That _Alvarado_ upon the receipt of a hundred thousand Duckets, should leave his Men with _Almagro_, and depart from _Peru_; with which sum, being inrich’d, he soon after fitted out fourteen Sail to discover new Countreys to the West; but being busie in his preparations, was sent for to _Mexico_ by _Don Antonio Mendoza_ the Vice-Roy, to undertake a Voyage with him to the new-discover’d Countrey of _Sibolla_, abounding in Gold and Saffron, according to the report of four _Dominican_ Monks; and having already rais’d seven hundred Men, news came to _Mexico_, that _Peter Zunica_ had receiv’d an overthrow by the _Indians_ of _Salisco_; to whose assistance _Alvarado_ March’d with all speed, and found the _Indians_ incamp’d on a high Mountain, fortifi’d with conjoyn’d Trees, and great Stones ty’d together with Rushes, behind which they were secure from Shot. The _Spaniards_ climbing up the Mountain, approach’d their Works, when on a sudden the Defendants giving a great Shout, cut the Cords which held their Fortification together, whereupon the Stones and Trees tumbled down with such force, that they kill’d both Men and Horse, few escaping alive: In this conflict _Alvarado_ himself was lost. His Wife _Beatrix Cuova_ made a stately Funeral for her Husband, and caus’d her House to be Painted black, refusing either to Eat or Drink for a set time, yet notwithstanding, all her pretence of sorrow, she so minded her business, that she took the Government of _Guatimala_ into her own hands; but her Dominion lasted not long, for on the eighteenth of _September, Anno 1541._ happen’d a hideous Tempest of Wind and Rain, mixt with continual Lightning, and horrible claps of Thunder, and what was more terrible, was answer’d with roars and horrid bellowings from the caverns of the Mountain, at whose foot _Guatimala_ stood. About midnight the Mountain was deliver’d, whose Birth was the irruption of an Inundating River, a precipitate torrent tumbling down full of Rocks and Stones, which carry’d all before it, so that in few minutes _Guatimala_ was utterly swept away, not the least mark remaining, nor any left alive except _Alvarado_’s Bastard Daughter by an _Indian_; and in the adjacent Fields, some few, and they maim’d, with broken Arms or Legs; after this utter destruction, they re-built another _Guatimala_, three Leagues more Easterly. But though _Alvarado_ was lost in this Enterprize, yet the Voyage to _Sibolla_ was not laid aside, for _Francisco Velasques_ March’d thither with eight hundred Men, of which most were Horse, but found nought else but Snowy Mountains and barren Plains, insomuch, that his Men and Horses were starv’d for want of Provision; wherefore he return’d without success to _Mexico_, having onely burnt some Villages, and had several Rencounters with the Natives.

[Sidenote: _Attabaliba_’s message to _Pizarro_.]

But _Attabaliba_ a _Peruan_ Prince, inform’d of _Pizarro_ and _Almagro_’s coming, commanded them both to depart out of his Kingdom; but they not regarding it, march’d directly to _Caxamalca_, where _Attabaliba_ kept his Court, who again sent other Messengers to them with command to leave his Dominions. _Pizarro_ made answer, that he could not obey any Commands but those of his Master the Emperor, who had order’d him to speak with the King himself at his own Palace.

_Attabaliba_ hearing that _Pizarro_ resolv’d to come forward, sent him a pair of Painted Shooes and Armlets, that he might put them on when he appear’d before his Throne: Captain _Ferdinand Sotto_ march’d before with twenty Horse, passing close on the Flank of _Attabaliba_’s Army: The _Indians_ amaz’d at the prauncing of their Horses, retreated into their Fortifications, but were for their cowardize immediately slain by the King’s Order.

[Sidenote: His discourse with a _Spanish_ Bishop, and his apparel.]

_Sotto_ sent a Message to _Attabaliba_, That the _Spaniards_ desir’d peaceably to Treat with him, to which he receiv’d answer, That no Peace could be made, unless they restor’d the Gold and Silver to the Owners, which they had Plunder’d from them, and forsook his Territories; which so doing, they should have Audience the next day: Hereupon the Bishop _Vincent de Villa Viridi_ was conducted into the Royal Palace, in the City of _Caxamalca_, and brought before _Attabaliba_, who came thither in great State, with a Guard of twenty five thousand Men; he was carry’d on the Shoulders of his prime Nobles in a Sedan, about which hung Garlands of Gold, and divers colour’d Feathers; himself was cloth’d in a white loose Vest, without Sleeves; his Temples were bound with a red Ribbon, with a long Tassel on his left Cheek; on his Fore-head stuck three curious Feathers; before him March’d three hundred of his Life-Guard, all in one Livery, who clear’d the way through which the King was to pass. The before-mention’d Bishop carry’d in one Hand a Cross, in the other a Book, discoursing with the King to this effect; _That God is the Trinity_, Adam _the first Man_; _Christ Born of a Virgin, dy’d on the Cross_; _the_ Pope _God’s Vice-Gerent, who according to the Power he had from Heaven, had given_ Peru _to the Emperor_ Charles, _as also all other Countreys in_ America; _and if he should prove obstinate, and resist, he must expect nothing less than utter ruine_. _Attabaliba_ reply’d, _That he serv’d_ Pachamaca, _being the Creator of all things; and next to him the Sun and Moon: How glorious do they appear_ (said he) _in comparison of a Crucifi’d God? To make Peace and Alliance with mighty Princes, was the true Foundation of wise Government: But the_ Pope _must needs be senseless, devoy’d of all reason, and withal highly unjust, to give away what was none of his own_, viz. _other mens Kingdoms, in which he never had the least or smallest concern. Moreover, he would not desert that Religion which he and his Ancestors had maintain’d so many Ages, and the rather, because there are no apparent or sufficient Testimony of the truth of Christianity._ The latter clause was thus answer’d, saying, _This Book, O King, which I hold in my hand, proves and declares all that you question_. _Attabaliba_ looking upon it, turn’d it over Leaf by Leaf, then look’d more intentively upon the Print, which done he clap’d it to either Ear, and at last as altogether unsatisfi’d, in disdainful manner threw it away.

But _Pizarro_ gaining time while the King and Bishop thus discours’d, had drawn his Men in Battel-Array, his sixty Horse he divided into three Wings, Commanded by his three Brothers, _Ferdinand_, _John_, and _Gonzalvo Pizarro_, left the Captains _Sotto_ and _Bavalcazar_ in an Ambuscade; _Peter de Canada_ march’d in the Van, and he himself in the main Body, leaving _Sotto_ in the Rear.

[Sidenote: _Pizarro_ fights with _Attabaliba_.]

[Sidenote: _Attabaliba_ taken prisoner.]

[Sidenote: Bids for his ransom an unvaluable treasure.]

So soon as the Bishop could acquaint them in what scornful manner _Attabaliba_ had thrown his Holy Book, _The Word of God_, upon the ground; both Armies were Engaged, whilst their Trumpets sounded, their Drums beat, their Canons roar’d, the Horses neigh’d, and the Dogs bark’d, they made a speedy march up against the Walls of _Taxamalca_, which dreadful mixture of terrible noises struck such a Pannick fear into the hearts of the _Indians_, that they all presently broke, in their flight crowding one another to death at the Gates of the City, which being too narrow to receive them, they themselves made breaches in their own Walls to enter; which opportunity the _Spaniards_ no ways neglected, but entering with them, shot and kill’d all they could reach; their Dogs also having no little share in the slaughter; whole companies of Indians were trode under the Horses feet, yet near _Attabaliba_’s Chair was the greatest resistance, for no sooner fell one of the Bearers, but immediately another supply’d the place; so that the King was surrounded with heaps of his own slain Subjects, to whom _Pizarro_ himself Charg’d up so close, that having seiz’d him by his long Hair, he pull’d him out of his Throne, and having gotten him under him, secur’d immediately in Fetters; whereupon all his Life-Guard forsook him, and fled: But the loss of the Battel, which was _Attabaliba_’s utter ruine, was laid upon _Runninagui_, a Captain appointed to lie in Ambush, so to fall in the Rear of the _Spaniards_ with five thousand men; but was so far from performing his Orders, that terrifi’d at the uncouth noise of the Guns, and the rest, that he fled one hundred and fifty Leagues Southerly, before he stopt, or scarce ever look’d behind him in so long a flight. Mean while, _Attabaliba_ compounded with _Pizarro_ for his Ransom, _viz._ to pay him as much Gold as that Hall in his Court (where they made the Agreement) could hold to the top; they first measur’d the heighth, then the length, which was found to be fifty four Foot, and the breadth nine: In pursuance of this composition, Gold was brought thither from all places, according to _Attabaliba_’s order; yet he could not raise so much as would perform his bargain, which made the _Spaniards_ to grumble: But _Attabaliba_ desiring some longer time to perform it, telling _Pizarro_, that most of the Gold was brought on Slaves Shoulders, a long and troublesome way, of two hundred Leagues long, from the City _Cusco_, and if this would not satisfie, _Pizarro_ might send some of his own people thither, to inform him, that he need not fear the least danger, as long as he was Prisoner with his Wife and Children.

The two Captains, _Sotto_, and _Peter del Baro_ being sent away to that purpose, met after some days Journey with one of _Attabaliba_’s Leaders, who was bringing the King’s Brother _Guascar_ with a Party, Prisoner to _Caxamalca_.

[Sidenote: Burns his Brother _Guascar_ alive.]

_Guascar_ had now a fair opportunity to crave assistance of the _Spaniards_, telling them, that he and _Attabaliba_ were the Sons of _Guaynacava_, so that the Kingdom was to be divided betwixt both. But _Attabaliba_ had by force made himself Master of all, whereas he being the youngest, ought to be satisfi’d with that share which _Guascar_, being the eldest, would assign him; for the right of Inheritance belong’d justly to him, and yet he was carry’d away bound to slaughter: But if _Pizarro_ would do justice in delivering him out of his Brothers bloody Hands, he would raise him thrice as much Gold as _Attabaliba_ had promis’d: To which purpose he desir’d _Sotto_ and _Baro_ to put off their Journey to _Cusco_; which they not daring to do, went on their way, and _Guascar_ descending the Valley _Sucsuhuana_, was burnt alive by _Attabaliba_’s Soldiers.

Mean while, _Almagro_ came with fresh Forces to _Taxamalca_, which occasion’d no small trouble in _Pizarro_, who was onely thirsty after Gold: On the other side, _Almagro_ as greedy, grew jealous that _Pizarro_ should keep the promis’d Hall full of Gold for himself, and he should have no share, because _Attabaliba_ was his Prisoner; therefore he earnestly desir’d that _Attabaliba_ might privately be made away, and that the Booty might be divided to one as well as the other.

[Sidenote: An incredible sum of Money given to the Soldiers.]

[Sidenote: _Attabaliba_ strangled.]

_Pizarro_ to prevent all inconveniencies that might happen from his dissenting, gave in the presence of the King to every private Soldier a thousand Duckets in Gold, and six thousand five hundred twenty five Silver Crowns; the inferior Officers receiv’d four and thirty thousand Crowns, and the others sixty thousand; the fifth part of the Booty he reserv’d for the Emperor: And notwithstanding _Attabaliba_ perform’d his promise in filling the Hall full of Gold, yet he had the sentence of Death pronounc’d against him; neither would his excuse of Innocency serve, or his Requests to be sent to _Spain_, there to clear himself before the Emperor; but sighing, and lamenting his misfortunes, was ty’d to a Post, and Strangled in the presence of _Pizarro_. For whose Death, though a _Heathen_, Divine Vengeance pursu’d these cruel and unjust Arbitrators that thus made their Will a Law, none of them dying a natural Death.

Moreover it was observ’d, that a few days before this Execution a blazing Star appear’d, which _Attabaliba_ seeing, presaging sadly of himself said, _That a great Prince would die in a short time_; but _Pizarro_’s chief pretences for the Kings just suffering was, that he had cruelly murder’d his Brother _Guascar_: But this was a meer blind, for that that incens’d them against _Attabaliba_, was, that he knowing where the unvaluable treasure lay, which _Guascar_ had bury’d, would not discover it to them.

[Sidenote: Cruelty of _Ruminagui_.]

[Sidenote: _Pizarro_ puts _Quizquiz_ to flight.]

[Sidenote: And takes _Cusco_.]

[Sidenote: Unvaluable Treasures taken.]

[Sidenote: Remarkable passage of a Dog.]

_Attabaliba_, before his death, desir’d that he might be bury’d in the Territory _Quito_, by his Father _Guaynacava_, whom the _Peruvians_ for his great Justice and Prudence in Government, believed that he would arise, and settle the World so troubled and full of disorder in peace and quiet: The Corps was accordingly carry’d thither in great State after their manner, attended by his Brother, whom _Illescas Ruminagui_ which ran from _Attabaliba_ in the Battel, where he lay in ambush when he might have done them good service; in the way to his entertainment, receiv’d with all shews of sorrow; but when they were feasted to excess, bury’d in sleep and Wine, he Massacred and flea’d _Illescas_ the Kings Brother alive, and made a Taber of his Skin. Whilst _Attabaliba_’s Funeral was thus bloodily solemniz’d, his General _Quizquiz_ rais’d a great Army, which _Pizarro_ encountring after a valiant resistance, totally routed; then marching victoriously to _Cusco_, he saw great Fires in the City, and the Citizens fighting with the _Spaniards_, sent before; but the Horse breaking in upon them, most of them fled the next morning to the Mountains: Thus the _Spaniards_ became Masters of the City, where they inflicted the most cruel tortures on all Sexes, by that means to force them to discover, if they knew of any hidden Treasures, being not satisfi’d with what they found there, although they had gotten a greater Treasure in _Cusco_ than that that they had extorted from _Attabaliba_ before: Nay, they gave those that were murther’d for Food to their Dogs: Among the rest, _Didacus Salazar_ having a very fierce Dog call’d _Bezerril_, had also an old _Indian_ Woman his Prisoner, to whom he gave a Letter to deliver to the General _Pizarro_; the Woman had not gone many Paces before she was set upon by _Bezerril_, whom _Salazar_ let loose, that he might delight himself in seeing the Dog tear the poor old Woman; but she observing him come running at her with so great fierceness, fell down upon her Knees, and holding forth the Letter, cry’d, _Good my Lord, good my Lord Dog, I must carry this Letter to General_ Pizarro, whereupon the furious Curr having more compassion than the _Spaniard_, stood still a little, and at last lifted up his Leg in a scornful manner, Urin’d upon her, and return’d satisfi’d; at which sportive behavior of the Cur and the Chrone, _Salazar_ laughing, was so well pleas’d, that he gave the Woman her life.

[Sidenote: _Almagro_’s unhappy Journey.]

[Sidenote: King’s Town.]

After _Cusco_ had been sufficiently Plunder’d, _Pizarro_ made _Almagro_ Governor thereof, with the Territories belonging to it, and built near the River _Lima_ a Town, which they call’d _Los Reyes_. Mean while, _Almagro_ receiv’d Letters Patent from the Emperor, in which he was nominated _Marshal_ of _Peru_; encourag’d by that honor, he took a great design in hand, for the _Peruvians_ had reported, that the Golden _Chili_ lay to the South; and _Almagro_ being encourag’d, and assisted by _Pizarro_, March’d inquest thereof with two Troops of Horse, and five hundred Foot: But mean while there happen’d so great Rains, and such foul Weather, that the Ways were almost unpassable, so that the Expedition grew very troublesome; yet however he went on, in which hard March he lost both Horse and Men.

[Sidenote: _Mango Inga_ takes _Cusco_.]

[Sidenote: Contest between _Almagro_ and _Pizarro_.]

[Sidenote: _Almagro_ strangled.]

Whilst _Almagro_ was upon this undertaking, _Francisco Pizarro_ receiv’d Letters Patent from the Emperor, in which he was Intitul’d _Duke of Peru_, but with a _Salvo_ for the honor before given to _Almagro_; yet these balanc’d honors bred great dissention between the Duke and Marshal, which _Mango Inga_ another of _Attabaliba_’s Brothers observing, laid hold of the opportunity, and setting upon the _Spanish_ Garrison in _Cusco_, took the City. Whereupon _Pizarro_ immediately sent his Horse thither, under the Command of _Alphonso Alvarado_, and _Gomes de Todoya_, against whom the _Indians_ fought very valiantly, insomuch, that the Battel was a long time doubtful; yet at last the _Spaniards_ got a bloody Victory, and regain’d _Cusco_; hither after some time, _Almagro_ returning with ill success, having effected nothing, was kept out by _Ferdinand Pizarro_, under pretence that he could not open the Gate without Order from his Brother the Duke. _Almagro_ much offended thereat, yet saying little, was so privately let into the City, that he surpriz’d the Governor _Ferdinand Pizarro_, and his Brother _Gonsalvo_, with _Alphonso Alvarado_ Prisoners; swearing that he would not rest before he had rooted all the _Pizarro_’s out of Peru. But whilst he was passing the intended Sentence of Death upon them, _Gonsalvo_ and _Alvarado_ broke Prison; and got away to the Duke, who troubled for his Brother _Ferdinand_ there in custody, and in danger of his life, came to Composition; whereupon _Ferdinand_ was also releas’d: But this was no sooner done, and he had got his Brother safe there, but the Duke regarding nothing less than the keeping of the new-made Peace, sent to _Almagro_, that the Emperor having given him the prime Command over _Peru_, he requir’d him to leave _Cusco_, or else he would force him. _Almagro_ sent answer, That if he could see the Emperor’s Hand, he would immediately obey, otherwise not; whereupon both Parties prepar’d for War, wherein they had many sharp bickerings in a short time: But _Almagro_ being too weak fell into the Dukes hands, who order’d him to be strangled in the Gaol, and his body afterwards to be drawn to the Market-place, and there publickly Beheaded.

_Ferdinand Pizarro_ being not long after sent to _Spain_, with the fifths of the gotten Treasure for the Emperor, was Imprison’d in the Castle _Motto_, for _Almagro_’s Death: But what further happen’d to him there, or became of him, hath never been Recorded by any Pen.

[Sidenote: _Ferdinand Pizarro_ never obtains his liberty.]

[Sidenote: Young _Almagro_ stabs the Duke.]

But young _Almagro_, instigated by his Guardian _John Rada_, resolving, to be reveng’d for his Fathers Death; to that purpose he went to _Los Reyes_, where by the help of some hir’d Male-contents, he design’d to Murder the Duke upon St. _John_’s day, in the Church at high Service: But this business was not so closely carry’d, but the Duke had some inkling thereof, who therefore stay’d at home, and went not to Mass that day. The Conspirators doubting the event, hearing that their Plot was discover’d, though defeated in their purpose, yet not fail’d in their Courage, ran at noon day to the Palace, crying, _Kill the Tyrant, kill the Traytor_. But _Pizarro_ being so much forewarn’d, had lock’d up the Gates, and arm’d himself, which when they could not enter, yet they went back through the City, and waving a bloody Sword, cry’d, _Pizarro is slain_; this being believ’d, above two hundred private Friends to _Almagro_ appear’d, who all ran to the Palace, crouding about the Gates: And _Francisco de Chares_ coming out at a private Door, hoping to pacifie the Mutineers, was immediately Stab’d; but they rushing in the way he came, found some stout opposition, for seven Halberdiers of his Guard fought till they were all kill’d in the Dukes presence; but _Pizarro_ was taken alive, and being brought before _Almagro_, he Savagely Butcher’d him with his own hands; which done, they ran crying along the Streets, _Long live the Emperor, and_ Didacus Almagro.

[Sidenote: Great slaughter in _Los Reye_.]

But after all this, _Pizarro_’s Party joyning together, valiantly withstood the Conspirators, so that a considerable number were slain on both sides, yet _Almagro_ at last getting the better, confiscated the Goods of all those that were against him; and now every one shew’d him the respect of Chief Governor, till the Emperor should either settle him, or send another.

From hence Marching to _Cusco_, he had like to have paid for all, but prevented by private intelligence thereof; which happen’d thus,

[Sidenote: Strange Transactions between _Alvarado_, _Sotello_, and
_Almagro_.]

[Sidenote: Fight between _Castro_ and _Almagro_.]

[Sidenote: _Castro_’s Cruelty.]

_Garcias Alvarado_ and _Christopher Sotello_ were Joynt-Governors of _Cusco_; but quarrelling, and coming to Blows in like manner, _Sotello_ was slain: This _Almagro_ took very hainously, as being his intimate Friend, giving forth threatning Speeches of Revenge; which _Alvarado_ inform’d of, and intending some way or other to prevent all Dangers, and save himself, he invited _Almagro_ to a Feast, but privately resolving to make it a Bloody Banquet, by his Death at the Table. Of this he being inform’d, as we mention’d before, staid at home, and privately sent for some Soldiers that had belong’d to _Sotello_, sending word that he was indispos’d: _Alvarado_, under a shew of Kindness, goes to _Almagro_, hoping to perswade him to come to his prepar’d Treat; but so soon as he was enter’d the Hall, they clapp’d to the Gate, and the Soldiers falling upon _Alvarado_, slew him: But soon after _Almagro_ was call’d in question, and not long enjoy’d this his usurp’d Authority; for the Emperor _Charles_ sending the Learned _Vacca de Castro_ with full Authority to _Peru_, to settle that disturb’d Kingdom, _Almagro_ now us’d to Govern, had no Ears to become a Subject; therefore he march’d with an Army to meet _Castro_, by whom, after a bloody Fight, being beaten and put to flight, having four thousand Men, he fell into the Victors Hands near _Cusco_, where he was treated very severely; for shortly after he was condemn’d to be Beheaded; others were strangled, and some torn in pieces with Horses.

[Sidenote: _Vela_ Vice-Roy of _Peru_.]

[Sidenote: Murders _Xuarez_.]

[Sidenote: Is taken and put in Prison.]

Not long after this great Execution, _Blasco Nunnez Vela_ came to _Peru_, and being appointed Vice-Roy, had four Councellors assign’d him, with whom he was to consult in all Affairs; and especially to set the _Indians_ at liberty, which till then had suffer’d much misery under the _Spanish_ Tyranny: To perform which, the Emperor had given an Order under his Great Seal, which was to be publish’d and proclaim’d in all Places. _Vela_ at his arrival faithfully perform’d all his Commands, seiz’d upon _Vacca de Castro_, because he had Executed _Almagro_ without any Examination or Tryal; yet by this means he got the hatred of all, so that most of the _Spaniards_ chose _Gonsalvo Pizarro_ for their Chief, whereby Affairs grew daily more and more out of Order. _Nunnez Vela_ laid all the blame thereof upon _William Xuarez_, Governor of _Lima_, whom he sent for in the Night, and correcting over-severely, gave him also two mortal Wounds, of which he presently died: The Body was in the Morning drawn along the Streets, which caus’d so great a murmuring amongst the Inhabitants, that soon after they seem’d to make a general Insurrection: Wherefore _Nunnez Vela_ fearing the worst, resolv’d to convey himself from thence _incognito_, and pass to _Truxillo_: But his four Councellors advis’d him to the contrary; yet he took his own way, causing all his Treasure to be sent aboard; and having made ready his Horses to depart, the Common People in a tumultuous manner set upon the Palace, catching, snatching up, and carrying away all the Silver they could find, and meeting the Vice-Roy, seiz’d, and thrust him into a Dungeon; which done, they fell at variance amongst themselves; for some would have him executed, but others insisted to have him sent Prisoner to _Spain_; which last being the more moderate, getting the upper Hand, _Vela_ was put aboard, and committed to the custody of _Didacus Alvarez_, who Anchoring in the Mouth of the River _Tombez_ (kindness growing betwixt them) releas’d the Vice-Roy his Prisoner, and set him ashore, who not long after got some Forces together.

[Sidenote: Is Beheaded.]

Mean while _Pizarro_ was every where acknowledg’d for Supreme Governor, who having Intelligence of the Vice-Roys Design, sent _Francisco Carvayales_ thither, between whom and _Vela_ was a sharp Encounter; but at last being worsted, and retaken by _Carvayales_, he was soon after executed, and his Head plac’d on a Pole near the Gallows.

The Emperor _Charles_ turmoil’d with Wars at home, saw no likelyhood to settle the confus’d Affairs of _Peru_; yet at last he thought it convenient to send one _Peter Gasca_ thither, an Ecclesiastick, of a subtile and ingenious Wit, who landing _Anno 1546._ in _Lima_, with no other Title than _Chief Councellor to the Emperor_, took quite another course than _Vela_, perswading them all, that Affairs should be setled in order, according to their own desires, and former Miscarriages never be remembred, being utterly deleted by an Act of Oblivion.

[Sidenote: _Gasca_’s murderous Exploits.]

[Sidenote: _Gonsalves Pizarro_ strangled.]

[Sidenote: Cruelty us’d on _Carvayales_.]