Chapter VI: Front Matter (6)

Whilst things were thus carry’d in _America_, _Peter Arias_ Sail’d with fifteen Ships, Mann’d with fifteen hundred Men, to _New Andalusia_, by the Islands _Martinina_, _Guadalupe_, and _Galanta_, all in _America_: a considerable time he Sail’d through the Sea overgrown with Weeds. Afterwards anchoring in the Haven _St. Martha_, he receiv’d a great repulse from the Natives, who no ways daunted at the bigness of the Ships, waded up to their Breasts in the Sea, and shot many great flights of poisonous Arrows at the _Spaniards_, or whom two being wounded immediately died. _Arias_ sending some of his Men ashore, they found many Boats lying full of Nets, made of tough Weeds, and Ropes pleited of Rushes.

In the Haven _St. Martha_, being three Leagues wide, are abundance of Fish, which may be seen under Water twenty Fathom deep.

But now the _Spaniards_ that were ashore breaking into the Houses, and taking Women and Children Prisoners, the _Americans_ prepar’d for another Fight, which at the beginning was very fierce; but at last they were forc’d to quit the Field.

[Sidenote: Strange Houses and Houshold-stuff.]

Their Houses and Furniture in them are worthy of observation: their Cielings being cover’d with Shells strung on small Thred, which make a pleasing noise, when mov’d by the least breath of Wind. The Walls are hung with fine Stuffs, woven full of Imagery, as Cranes, Lyons, Tygers, and some Figures of Men; the Floors are cover’d with parti-colour’d Mats, made of Sea-Reeds, and several tough Roots; and their Carpets beset with Pearl add also a great beauty to their Rooms.

In the Valleys the _Spaniards_ found several precious Jems, as Saphires, Jasper, Emeralds, and great pieces of Amber, and in some Huts, Baskets, and Chests full of dry’d Locusts, and Crabs.

Here also grows the Root _Yuca_, as also on several other _West-Indian_ Coasts, of which they make their best Bread, and is call’d in _Hispaniola_ and _Angola_, _Yuca_; by the _Brasilians_, _Mandiba_ and _Mandihoka_; by the _Mexicans_, _Quauhcamotli_: it grows with a thick or midling Body, according to the fruitfulness or barrenness of the Soil; the Leaves are like those of a Tulip, and have small Flowers and Seed, but no ways useful; the Root, not unlike Horse-Raddish, hath a milky Juice, which swells it exceedingly; the Sprigs, which in the eighth and tenth Moneth shoot out of the Root, serve for new Plants; and if at any time it happen, that either by a moist Season, or by Worms, or Pismires, the Plant is spoil’d, then it occasions such an inconvenience amongst the Inhabitants, that half of them in that year die of Famine.

[Sidenote: What use the _Americans_ make of the Root _Mandihoka_.]

The Leaves of the _Mandihoka_ serve them for Sallads. Out of the Root, which they lay soaking five days in Water, they make Meal, which the _Portuguese_ call _Farina fresca_, but the _Americans_, _Vipeba_. Moreover, _Mandihoka_ serves them to make Bread, which they bake over the Fire; and mix’d with Water, Pepper, and the Flour _Nhambi_, makes an excellent Pudding, by them call’d _Mingaude Carima_, no less pleasing to the taste than wholsom Food: and with Orange-Flour, Water, and Sugar, it makes that excellent Julep _Tipioca_. The Powder of _Mandihoka_ put into a Wound, cures very speedily. It is very pleasant to see the _Americans_ eat this Bread; for they toss it by handfuls at a pretty distance from their Mouthes without letting fall the least Crum. Lastly, it requires great art and trouble to make the _Mandihoka_ fit for Bread: first they must peel off the Shell, then put into a Mill turn’d by two _Indians_ it falls, being Ground, into a square Trough. The Juice proceeding from it is mortal, if eaten when raw, but wholsom if boil’d: the Meal they put in a Press, and when all the moisture is drawn from it, they strow it in an Oven to dry. But the wild _Mandihoka_, by those that live on the Sea-shore call’d _Cuacu Mandiiba_, and up in the Countrey, _Cuquacucuremia_, differs both in shape and goodness from the first.

[Sidenote: _Arias_’s Exploits in _New Andalusia_.]

But to return to our matter: _Arias_ coming to an Anchor in the River _Daria_, was cheerfully receiv’d by _Nunnez_; his first Business which he undertook was the building of three Forts, to secure the Passages to the _South Sea_; to which purpose _Joannes Aiora_ received the Command over four hundred Workmen. Moreover, _Arias_ took great dislike in the Place call’d _Maria Antiqua_, which the _Spaniards_ were forc’d by necessity first to Plant in: it lay in a deep Valley between high Mountains, so that it not onely wanted the benefit of the rising and setting of the Sun, but when in or near the Meridian, it shin’d down upon them, and scorch’d all their Plants, and the tepifi’d Morassy Grounds about the same infected the Air, and the Water which they took up to wash their Houses, immediately bred Frogs, the River _Daria_ overflow’d the Grounds with his muddy Water three Leagues distance from the Sea; the Passage thither also was very troublesom, because of the uneven Ways; and besides, the Tygers and Lyons devour’d many People and Cattel.

[Sidenote: A strange Accident.]

The first Night that _Arias_ lay in _Maria Antiqua_, the House wherein his Chirurgion Lodg’d was fir’d with Lightning, who running out with his Wife, being both scorched by the Flames, saw a very great Crocodile, which snatching up his Dog ran away with him towards the River.

[Sidenote: Remarkable Trees.]

The neighboring Territory _Coiba_ produced Trees, whose Timber us’d for Shipping never breeds Worms, because of its acerbity; whereas on the contrary, all other Vessels in that Countrey are very subject to that inconvenience. Here also grow those famous Plague-Trees, whose very Leaves, if but falling upon one, are like Gods Arrows, mortal, and immediately kill, unless the Place whereon they light be straightway anointed with fasting Spittle: and the _Coibensers_ say, that they know another poysonous Wood, which they use to destroy their Enemies withall.

[Sidenote: Remarkable Journey of _Moralis_ to the _South Sea_.]

Whilst _Arias_ was consulting about the beforemention’d Affairs, he sent several Comanders to divers Places, to take a survey, and give him an account of their Return of all their Discoveries. Amongst others _Gasper Moralis_ was order’d to march towards the _South Sea_, to confirm the Peace which _Nunnez_ had begun with the Kings _Chiapes_ and _Tumaccus_; and chiefly to go to the Pearl-Island with sixty Men, which _Nunnez_ was forc’d to leave, being stress’d by tempestuous Weather. _Chiapes_ and _Tumaccus_ were according to their promise, to prepare an Army ready for his assistance against his coming; which indeed they perform’d, so that they wanted nothing but Vessels, for the biggest of theirs could not carry above three or four Men; yet they undertaking their Enterprise, Landed seventy Men on the Island; upon which the Inhabitants under their Kings Conduct ran to meet the new Landed Forces, and crying out aloud _Guazzavara_, _Guazzavara_, they ran in amongst the Musqueteers with their woodden Swords; but the report of the Guns, mix’d with Fire, Smoak, and Bullets, soon amaz’d them: the King flying, thought by alarm to raise all the Islanders; but they being inform’d, that no People whatsoever could withstand the fire-spitting People, made Articles of agreement with _Moralis_, and Condition’d to deliver a hundred pound weight of the choicest Pearls to the use of the King of _Castile_; and as a testimony of his Friendship he was Christen’d _Peter Arias_, from the Governors Name of _New Andalusia_.

[Sidenote: Strange Pearl.]

How great the Treasure was which _Moralis_ brought from the Pearl Island may appear by one of the Pearls, for which Pope _Leo_ the tenth gave forty four thousand _Ducats_ to a _Venetian_ Merchant.

[Sidenote: _Solisius_ his miserable end.]

Amongst the Commanders which were sent out by _Arias_, was also _Johannes Solisius_, who Sailing six hundred Leagues Southerly, along the Coast of the _Caribbies_, beyond _Cape St. Augustine_, he found the Inhabitants of _Pernambuck_ to be no less cruel than subtile; for being invited ashore, he with some of his Men Row’d thither, where no sooner Landing, but were all kill’d and eaten in the sight of the other Sea-men aboard; at which being amaz’d they weighed Anchor, and Sail’d away, Freighted onely with _Brasile_ Wood, to _Cadiz_.

Also in an unhappy hour did _Johannes Pontæus_ put some of his Laundresses ashore on the Island _Guadalupa_, to wash some Linnen for him; for the Islanders coming on a sudden out of the Woods surpriz’d them, and forthwith killing without mercy, cut them in pieces, and carbonadoing, eat their broil’d Flesh hot from the Coals, while _Gonsalus Badajocius_ Sail’d with eighty Men Westerly, and having gone sixty Leagues he went ashore, and spent some days in vain, to Court the _Americans_ to a friendly correspondency; which whilst he was doing, he was recruited with fifty Men from _Daria_, Commanded by _Lodowick Mercado_: so both agreed together to travel over the Mountains to the _South Sea_.

[Sidenote: Strange Slaves.]

[Sidenote: Great Booty.]

The Governor _Juana_, whose Jurisdictions abound in Gold, flying with most part of his Treasure, was never heard of, onely they took some of his Slaves, whose Faces were strangely Carv’d with sharp Fish-bones, the Wounds fill’d with red and black Powder, which so discolour’d the Flesh that it could never be got out. After that they travell’d through the Wilderness five days together, being onely met by some _Indians_ carrying _Maiz_, who signifi’d to them, that King _Periguete_ liv’d along the Sea-shore, and up into the Countrey the blind _Totonoga_; of both which they got an unvaluable Treasure of Gold. Amongst other Pieces of that rich Metal was one which weighed two pound.

_Taracura_ rais’d in this Expedition eighteen thousand weight of Gold: and little less did they take out of the Territories belonging to the Princes _Pananome_, _Tabor_, _Cheru_, and _Scoria_: The Prisoners serv’d them in stead of Horses, they not being able to carry all the Gold themselves, the meanest Soldier having above three thousand Pounds _Sterling_ for his share.

[Sidenote: Destruction of the _Spaniards_.]

They were now got to _Panza_’s Kingdom, not without leaving sad remarks, of their avarice and cruelties. When _Pariza_ surrounding this Party thus loaden with Gold, Charged so fiercely, that at the first Assault seventy of them were slain; those few that escap’d brought the tidings of their sad misfortune to _Peter Arias_. Amongst those that escaping return’d, was _Franciscus Delapuente_, whose observations concerning catching Parrots and wild Fowl, we will briefly relate, the digression being but short.

[Sidenote: A strange way to catch Parrots.]

The _Indian_ where the Parrots are most frequent climbs into a Tree, and chattering like them, with his Voice imitating their Notes, allures his fellow-prater to draw near, and suffer him to take them in his Hands. But more belongs to the taking of wild Fowl, as Geese, Ducks, Swans, and the like: From the bottom of their standing Pools and Lakes in that Countrey grow Weeds, which spreading upon the Water ripen, and rotting breed Water-Flies, Spiders, and Frogs, upon which the Fowls feed. Near these Pools in the Gardens grow Cabbages as high as Trees, which often dropping into the Water serve the Birds both for Nests and Food: but the skilful Fowler finds it his best way to take one of these Cabbages, and making it hollow in the middle, claps it on his Head like a Helmet, then going into the Water up to his Chin, and passing softly along in such manner, that nothing is seen but the floating Cabbage, and coming near the Birds, he takes them one after another by the Legs, and puts them into a Bag ty’d about his middle for that purpose.

[Sidenote: Strange Bird _Toucan_.]

But what is more worthy observation is the _American_ Bird _Toucan Xochitenachate_, having a fleshy Bill, like a Mouth full of Teeth, which continually opens and shuts to draw Breath, having no Nostrils; the Back, Neck, and Wings, are black, the Breast yellow like Gold, the Belly and end of the Tail of a Vermillion colour.

[Sidenote: Evacuated Pepper.]

This Bird _Toucan_ feeds for the most part on Pepper, which tarries not long with them, but muted almost as soon as swallowed: which Pepper thus evacuated the Natives value above their common, because the unpleasing sharp acidity, or biting quality is thereby much mitigated.

But to return: Whilst the Expeditions under the Command of _Peter Arias_ had such bad success, _Arias_ himself and _Vaschus Nunnez_ hapned to clash: _Nun__nez_, who since his discovery of the _South Sea_ was held in some repute at the _Spanish_ Court, had built four Ships on the Shore of the same Ocean, to make farther inspections along the Coasts thereof: but being commanded to come to _Arias_ the Governor, he was committed to Prison, and accused of high Treason, as if he had intentions to settle himself in _Peru_, and absolutely to have left _Daria_: all which though he disown’d, and utterly deni’d with great protestations when brought to a Trial, and no witness to affirm the contrary, yet was by _Arias_’s special Order Beheaded.

Not long after which _Lupus Sosa_, Governor of the _Canary_ Islands, was sent to succeed _Arias_ in _New Andalusia_.

SECT. IX.
_The Expeditions of_ Francisco Fernandez, Lupus Caizedus, Christophero
Morantes, Bernardo Igniguez, _and_ Juan Grisalva.

[Sidenote: Original of the Name _Jucatan_.]

_Fernandez_, _Caizedus_, and _Morantes_, antient Planters in _Cuba_, obtain’d a Licence from the Governor _Diego Velasques_, to Rig out three Ships with a hundred and ten Men to discover new Lands. _Velasques_ thought fit to add one more to their number upon the Kings account; which Trust he committed to _Igniguez_: all of them consulted with the experienc’d Navigator _Antonio Alamines_. Six days the Fleet had been at Sea, when they discover’d Land, which by a mistake was call’d _Jucatan_, because the Inhabitants being ask’d what was the Name of the Coast, answer’d _Jucatan_; which, as the _Spaniards_ were afterwards inform’d, signifi’d, _We understand you not_.

[Sidenote: Stately City.]

Upon the Shore they found a City, whose Stone Buildings, with stately Fronts and high Turrets, shew’d most magnificently. _Fernandez_ call’d this City for its wonderful bigness, _Cairo_, from the _Egyptian_ Metropolis, famous through the World.

[Sidenote: _Campechium_ a City.]

[Sidenote: Remarkable Images, and strange Stage.]

The _Spaniards_ coming to Land were courteously receiv’d, and conducted into the City; the neatness of whose Market-places, and exactness of their Streets, they beheld with admiration; as also the costly Stuff Garments both of Men and Women: but their wonder increas’d when they beheld very artificial Crosses, concerning which upon inquiry they related, That a Man more glorious than the Sun, being busie in erecting the Crosses, died. But these People, though so courteous and civil at first, seem’d in few days to be weary of their company; which the _Spaniards_ observing sounded a Retreat, and Sailing Westerly, proceeded on their intended Design, and soon after anchor’d before _Campechium_; the King of which conducted _Fernandez_ and _Morantes_, with some others, into the City, consisting of three thousand Houses. In his Palace they were entertain’d with all manner of Fowl roasted: After which refreshment they survey’d the City; in which, amongst other curious Buildings, was a high, but square Theatre of Marble, on which stood the Image of a Man, on all corners assaulted by four wild Beasts, which were of a no less strange than horrible shape. Not far from this Image they saw a Serpent fashion’d up of Chalk and little Stones, whose coyl’d up Tail was forty seven Foot long, and of a proportionable thickness. This Serpent, sprinkled with Mens Blood yet warm, seem’d to prey upon a Marble Lyon: both these were inclos’d with a Stone Rail, within which Malefactors were daily executed. Bloody Bows and Arrows broke in small pieces lay between the Bones and dead Bodies. _Igniguez_ call’d the King _Lazarus_, because he discover’d his Countrey on _St. Lazarus_’s Day.

[Sidenote: _Moscobo_ a City.]

[Sidenote: _Spaniards_ slain.]

[Sidenote: Mighty Island _Cosumella_.]

Making no long stay here, they return’d to their Ship, and weighing Anchor Sail’d fifty Leagues more Westerly, the Fleet got sight of _Moscobo_, in the Territory _Aguanil_, whose King assaulted the _Spaniards_ with so much fury, that two and twenty of them were slain, and scarce one escap’d which was not wounded: wherefore they return’d with bad success to _Cuba_. Yet _Velasques_ no ways discourag’d thereat, not long after fitted out four Vessels, Manning them with three hundred Men under the Command of _Juan Grisalva_ and _Alamines_; who having Sail’d seventy Leagues, discover’d the fruitful Island _Cosumella_; along whose Shore stood fair Stone Edifices, intermix’d with Temples, whose Steeples appear’d above the Houses. _Grisalva_ being led up into one of these Steeples by a Priest, saw at a distance off at Sea the Territory _Jucatan_: and in the Place where they were, there were spacious Halls, full of Marble and Stone Images of deformed Men and Beasts, which with a murmuring noise, and burning of incense they religiously worship. The _Spaniards_ call’d this Island _Sancta Cruz_.

[Sidenote: _Spaniards_ fight with the _Campechiums_.]

Sailing from hence they directed their Course to _Campechium_, where the year before they had been so civilly treated; where arriving, and without any fear coming ashore, they found the _Campechiums_ quite of another humor than they were the former year, telling them, They would not suffer any Strangers to be amongst them; and placing a burning Torch between theirs and the _Spanish_ Forces, threatned, That if they did not depart in quiet, they would force them: which accordingly they endeavor’d, making a fierce Onset upon the _Spaniards_; who being now come under their Battlements, when they saw their advantage, pour’d what they had kept as a reserve, whole Volleys of small Shot amongst them; which struck so much terror, that they all ran away, shifting for themselves, and crowding into the City.

The _Spaniards_ found afterwards _Jucatan_ to be but a _Peninsula_, and came before a River which fell with so strong a Current into the _Mexican Sea_, that it retain’d its sweetness for the space of two Leagues.

[Sidenote: Strange passages on _Tabasco_.]

This River, flowing out of the Province _Tabasco_, was call’d _Grisalva_: upon whose Banks stood above six thousand _Americans_; and in the Water appear’d a hundred Boats with Armed Men, which Row’d aboard the _Spanish_ Ships. The Interpreters of _Cuba_, whose Language agrees for the most part with the _Tabascers_, prevail’d so much, that the King himself came to the chief Commander _Grisalva_, and bartering with him, gave him as much Gold as his Iron Helmet, Breastplate, and other Armor weighed.

[Sidenote: _Sacrifice Island._]

Soon after they Landed on the _Island of Sacrifice_, so call’d from the horrid Sacrifices which the Inhabitants made daily.

[Sidenote: Exceeding horrible Sacrifices.]

Amongst other strange Images, there flood a great Lyon of Marble, seeming almost decollated with a great gash; into which Wound they pour’d humane Blood warm, which was receiv’d into a Stone Trough set for that purpose underneath; then the Figure of a Man Carv’d in Alabaster, bowing forward, as if looking into the Trough upon the Blood. Those which were sacrificed were Prisoners taken on the neighboring Coasts, whom bringing before their Idols, they ripping open make no farther inspection, but onely to whip out the Heart; with which having smear’d the Lips of their Idols, they throw it into the Fire: the Heads and Corps they let lie unburi’d; whose fleshy parts, especially their Cheeks, they feast upon.

[Sidenote: _Maiden-Island._]

The next Island is inhabited by Women; to which Annually their Neighbors go, pretending merry kindness, but upon amorous inclinations: and Plough and Till their Ground, and Weed their Gardens.

[Sidenote: _Pontenchianum_ a City.]

The chief City of _Tabasco_ is _Pontenchianum_, and contains above fifteen hundred Houses, all built of Stone hardned with baking after their manner; which in some Places, besides their Turrets and Temples, yield a pleasant Prospect at a great distance. Fourteen eminent Towns more did the _Spaniards_ also see in _Tabasco_.

[Sidenote: Strange making of Obligations.]

When in conversing with them they observ’d their strange manner of Sealing their Bargains and Contracts one with another, they were amaz’d, for not using Wax, they usually Seal’d their Compacts with their own Blood, commonly drawn with a Stone Knife, either from their Tongue, Hand, or Arms.

Their Priests live single, and if found to be Unchast, are punisht with Death. An Adulteress is sold for a Slave: Unmarry’d People may not frequently converse with Marry’d: Thirty five days in the year makes their _Lent_, in which they abstain not onely from Flesh, but Fish also, feeding onely upon Roots and Herbs. In this place the _Spaniards_ were receiv’d in great state, Canopy’d with green Palm-Tree-Branches, and in like manner conducted aboard again, not without many Presents, _viz._ the Effigies of a Man curiously wrought in Gold, wherewith they return’d to _Cuba_.

SECT. IXA.
_The Expedition of_ Ferdinand Magaglian, _commonly call’d_ Magellane.

[Sidenote: Bishop _Casis_ sad effect concerning the Pearl catching.]

The Bishop _Bartholomew de Casis_, living a considerable time in _Hispaniola_, in the City _Dominico_, being inform’d of the abundance of Pearls which were caught before _Cubagua_, and the unsupportable cruelty of the _Spaniards_ there under _Ocampus_, us’d against the Inhabitants, went to _Spain_, with a design to obtain of the Emperor _Charles the Fifth_, the Government over _Cumana_ and _Cubagua_, under pretence, to draw the ignorant Natives from their Idolatry, to _Christianity_; which his request was especially promoted by _William_ of _Nassaw_, the Emperors prime Favorite; so that having his Letters Patents granted to that purpose, he took Ship, and arriv’d with three hundred _Spanish_ Gentlemen of Quality in _Cumana_: And that they might have the greater respect shown to them there, they had each a Red Cross given them, such as the Knights of _Calatrava_ generally wear. Yet little did _Ocampus_, the old Governor of _Cumana_, regard either them or their Authority; for in stead of receiving and submitting, he kept the Bishop _de Casis_ out by force of Arms; who then made complaint to the _Vice-Roy_ of the _West-Indies_ in _Hispaniola_, and in the mean time, put his _Cargo_ into a new Store-house.

But whilst he made his Addresses, _Ocampus_ having sufficiently inrich’d himself departed, which incourag’d the _Cumaners_, who already were incens’d, and weary of their former sufferings, to venture on a design, whereby they might revenge themselves of the _Spaniards_, which their undertaking prov’d so successful, that very few escap’d the Massacre: Of which, _de Casis_ being inform’d, and much discontented thereat, betook himself to a _Dominican_ Cloyster in _Hispaniola_.

[Sidenote: Cruelty of _Castellio_ in _Cumana_.]

Yet not long after, the _Cumaners_ paid dear for that slaughter, for one _Castellio_, though not without several Engagements, with various success, lasting forty days together, having at last utterly vanquish’d them, put to an ignominious Death, Hanging up seventy of their Princes, and to them of meaner quality, shewing as little mercy.

[Sidenote: _Lampagnano_ discontented.]

As little success had _Lodowick Lampagnano_, sent out by some _Spanish_ Merchants, with Letters Patents from the Emperor to Fish for Pearl, before the same _Cubagua_; to which purpose he carry’d peculiar Nets and other necessaries with him. But the _Cubaguan Spaniards_ unanimously withstood him; so that not being able to effect his design, overpower’d with a Melancholly Distemper that broke his Heart, he dy’d.

[Sidenote: _Magellanus_ Expedition, how it happen’d.]

In the interim, while these scarce considerable Voyages turn’d to so small account, _Ferdinand Magaglianus_ (for so _Peter Martyr_ calls him, and not _Magellanus_, which herein deserves to be credited, because they were intimately acquainted, and great friendship between them,) undertook to Sail round about the World; the occasion of which we will here relate at large:

This _Magaglianus_, or _Magellanus_, a Gentleman of _Portugal_, having perform’d things of great importance for his King, in _Africa_, although with no less trouble than Charge, desir’d an addition of half a Ducket a Moneth added to his Annual Pension; an inconsiderable Sum to make a Request for, yet though so little, was as niggardly deny’d: Whereupon, highly incensed, he study’d no little revenge; to which effect, soon after an opportunity was presented, by means of _Franciscus Serranus_, who writ from _Ternata_ to him, that he should speedily come thither, which he soon after did upon this account:

[Sidenote: Strange Giant.]

Pope _Alexander_ the Sixth, having fixt Terminaries between the Kings of _Castile_ and _Portugal_, both busie at that time in discovering new Countreys, Order’d, That _Castile_ should possess all the Coasts lying to the West of the chief _Meridian_, and _Portugal_ to the East: By vertue of this partition, the rich Spicy _Molucca_ Islands fell absolutely to the _Portuguese_: Now _Magellanus_ perswaded _Charles the Fifth_, that they might be Sail’d to with a Westerly Course, and therefore belong’d to _Castile_; Which advice, _Charles the Fifth_ considering, and approving, Rigg’d out five Ships, with which _Magellanus_ set Sail from _Sevil_, the tenth of _August, Anno 1519._ five Moneths he ply’d up and down the Coast inhabited by the _Patagones_, where he found none but one single Person, or rather a Monster, a Giant ten Foot high, who coming Aboard his Ship, devour’d a great Hamper full of Biskets, and at one Draught drunk up nine Pottels of Water. He also saw several Trees which had been Hew’n with Axes, and Crosses made on the tops of them. Whilst he lay in that Harbor, which was call’d _St. Julian_, he Cashier’d his Vice-Admiral, _John Carthagena_, with his Father Confessor, and sparing their lives, set them ashore, and there left them to seek their Fortunes, though they had Conspir’d to Murther him.

[Sidenote: _Straights_ of _Magellan_, how found.]

_Magellanus_ from thence Sailing afterwards Southerly along _America_, to forty two Degrees Southern Latitude, was engag’d with the eddyings of a very strong Current, which driving one of the Ships into a Bay, split against a blind Rock, but the Men being sav’d in their Boat, were driven farther and farther into a Channel, between high and Snowy Mountains; whereupon he immediately judg’d (as the famous Negromancer _Roderick Talerus_ had often told him) that there was the Passage, through which the Northern Ocean flow’d into the Southern; wherefore he resolutely adventur’d to Sail into those _Sraights_, which in some places narrow, and in others broad, is an hundred and twenty Leagues long, and full of small Isles and dangerous Rocks. Whilst he still Sail’d on, the Ship call’d _Antonio_, Tacking about, return’d to _Cadiz_.

But _Magellanus_ enter’d the great South-Sea with three Sail, on the 25. of _October_, where the Sea-men suffer’d extremely by excessive Heat, Drought, and Famine, three Moneths and twenty Days, without sight of Land: And now, their Shooes, and the Leather which cover’d their Shields, began also to grow scarce (which before had been counted a Dainty) when they discover’d two Islands lying two hundred Leagues distance one from another, yet both Desolate and Barren, wherefore they were call’d the _Unfortunate Isles_: After that, they came amongst a great number of Islands, whose Inhabitants were much inclin’d to Thievery; for which cause they Denominated them _Ladrones_, the chiefest Island call’d _Borneo_, hath two hundred fifty four Leagues in Circumference, whereon a Tree grows, whose Leaves when faln off, seem to be alive and creep like Worms. The King of this Island entertain’d the _Spaniards_ very courteously, two Elephants bringing his Presents to them on the Shore, out of a City consisting of twenty thousand Houses.

[Sidenote: _Magellanus_ slain.]

[Sidenote: _Spaniards_ murdered.]

[Sidenote: An end of the Voyage about the world.]

Near _Borneo_ are two lesser Islands, call’d, _Zubo_ and _Matan_; The King of _Zubo_ freely submitted himself to the _Spaniards_, and _Magellanus_ leaving his Fleet at Anchor in the Haven, went with his own and other _Indian_ Boats, and attended with some of the _Zubensers_ to _Matan_, where setting a Village on Fire, he carry’d great Riches from thence: This not satisfying, he resolv’d within eight days to set upon the Royal Head-City; but the King in his own Defence, Encountering with _Magellanus_, slew him, and seven _Spaniards_ more, besides twenty two dangerously wounded; those which escap’d by flight, got to _Zubo_, where being invited to Dinner by the King, they were all of them (in stead of a second Course) Murther’d at Table. The occasion of this was out of Revenge, because the _Spaniards_ had fall’n too foul upon their Women and Maids, Devirginating, and forcing them to their Pleasure, than which rudeness nothing was among them more Detestable. The Sea-men weakned by these Misfortunes, were necessitated to burn their third Ship, call’d, _St. Jago_; but Sailing to the _Molucco_ Islands with the other two, they Freighted them both with Cloves; with which the Ship _Trinitas_ Sail’d to _New-Spain_ through the South-Sea, and the _Victoria_, Commanded by _John Sebastian de Lano_ went the same way which the _Portuguese_ us’d, and so to St. _Lucar de Barrameda_, near _Sivile_, where he came to Anchor with his Ship and eighteen Men.

SECT. X.
Ferdinando Cortez _his Voyage_.

[Sidenote: _Sottus_ cruelty.]

Although several Expeditions of the _Spaniards_ to _America_ prov’d very unsuccessful at the first, yet they still undertook them afresh, and with renewing Courage: _Ferdinando Sottus_, though he Landed five hundred Men in _Florida_, yet brought no Treasure from thence, onely he cut off the Hands of fifteen Princes, because they would not discover their Mines of Gold.

[Sidenote: Miserable end of _Narvaez_.]

Yet far worse success had _Pamphilus Narvaez_, who lost both his Fleet and Men, saving onely ten out of six hundred, in the River _Palma_, and they also afterwards dy’d there, or eat one another to satisfie their raging Hunger.

[Sidenote: _Cortez_ his Voyage.]

[Sidenote: Remarkable delivery.]

But much better was the fortune of _Ferdinando Cortez_, Sailing from _Spain_ to _America_, in the Year 1519. who having the Command given him over ten stout Ships, and three Frigats with five hundred Foot, and an additional Force of sixteen Horse, rais’d by the new _Spanish_ Inhabitants on Cuba; with which Forces Landing on the Island _Cozumella_, he prohibited Humane Sacrifice to their Idols, and Erected a Cross with the Image of the Virgin _Mary_, in one of their Temples, and releas’d _Hieronimus Aquilaris_, after a seven years Slavery, having suffer’d Shipwrack with _Valdivia_; at which time some that sav’d themselves in the Boat, were by the Current in thirty days driven to _Jucatan_, in which time seven dy’d of Hunger; the rest going ashore, were no sooner Landed, but Sacrific’d by the Natives to their Gods or _Zemes_. Among the six that remain’d, yet left alive, and to be offer’d after the same manner the next day, was this _Aquilaris_, who with his Companions, breaking Prison, in the following night fled to a Neighboring Prince their Enemy, and one that maintain’d a continual War against these _Cannibals_.

[Sidenote: Strange Battel.]

[Sidenote: _Potanchanum_, a City.]

[Sidenote: _Colvacan_ Books, of what fashion, as also their Temples.]

Here _Cortez_ sent Articles of Peace to _Taxmarus_ the King of the Countrey, but he sleighting his proffer, came down upon him into the Field with forty thousand Men, drawn from the City _Potanchanum_, which contain’d above twenty thousand Houses, all built of Stone: And indeed the _Spaniards_ had here seen their last day, had not _Cortez_ drawn by a seeming advantage the Enemies under his Canon, and sent his small Party of Horse to attend the motion of the Rear; when so soon as they had fir’d their Canon, making great Execution, the Front routed, and the Rear terrifi’d with the noise and smoke of the Guns, they also broke, being at the same instant Charg’d with the Horse, which were so terrible to them that never saw Horses, nor such Service on Horseback before, that in a short time the whole Body of so great an Army was utterly dissipated, and the triumphing Conquerors took possession of the empty City _Potanchanum_, where Solacing, they staid a whole Moneth. Then from hence they Sail’d to _Colvaca_, where, upon the request of the Natives, they settled a Colony. Amongst the Presents which were there given to the _Spaniards_, were some of their own Volumes, Books, whose Leaves were made of the innermost Rind of a Tree, and a kind of Paste, made of their Meal, glew’d together; the Characters stood at some distance one after another, rang’d like our _Christ-Cross Row_, or _A_, _B_, _C_.

Here _Cortez_ was amaz’d to behold their stately Temples, the Floors whereof were cover’d with Embroyder’d Tapestry, beset with Precious Stones, to which great multitudes flock’d, being very zealous to perform their Devotions.

When their Seed is put into the Ground, or come to its full growth, they offer young Children to their _Zemez_, richly Cloth’d, having been fatten’d some Weeks before: When they want Children they kill their Slaves, and in default of them, they pacifie them with Dogs.

[Sidenote: Strange Sacrifices.]

The _Victims_ that go to be Sacrific’d, they Worship with all Adoration, Bowing and Congying before them.

[Sidenote: Strange Idol-Worship.]

Their Zeal in this their Idol-Worship may appear from a strange Custom, observ’d by them when they enter their Temple, _viz._ they either draw Blood out of their Tongues, Lips, Ears, Breast, Knees, or Palm of their Hands, which they throw into the Air, supposing thereby to be pardon’d by their indulgent Gods.

[Sidenote: _Zempoal_, a City.]

In the City _Zempoal_, _Cortez_ found five Slaves, who being kept close Prisoners, were to be Sacrific’d the next day; but he releasing them, did upon the importunate request of the _Quines_, or Priests, and promises of great ransoms, and their telling of him that the _Zemez_ would spoil all their Seed and Plants that year, if they did not go on with these Offerings, restor’d the Prisoners again; who, though the enjoyments of all happinesses in the other World were promis’d them by their Priest, and great assurance given thereof; yet they were not forward, but return’d, unwilling to suffer, though by so gainful a Sacrifice.

[Sidenote: _Zemez_ wonderful Idols.]

At the _Zemez_ Feet hung abundance of Mens Bones bundled up together, and under them were Written the Names of their Enemies, whose Flesh had been either Sacrific’d or eaten.

[Sidenote: _Cortez_ his Exploits.]

Twelve Leagues beyond _Zempoal_, _Cortez_ built a new City near the River _Grisalva_, and call’d it _Vera Crux_, which _Diego Velasques_ resented so ill, it being done without his knowledge, that he petition’d the Council of _Cuba_ to give Sentence of Death against the Founder: But whilst _Cortez_ expected an answer from the Embassadors (which were sent to the _Spanish_ Court to give account of the necessity of building a City there) he travell’d eighty Leagues Westerly. The _Zempoalensers_ accompanied him in great Troops, hoping by that means to shake off the yoke of the mighty King _Montezuma_, against whom they were then design’d. _Cortez_ coming into the Territory of _Sincuchimalar_, was in the Name of _Montezuma_, by one of his Princes, courteously entertain’d in a great Village, scituate on a steep Mountain, without any Path or Way leading to it, but by two high Ladders. _Sincuchimalar_ lies surrounded with Hills, whose tops seem to touch the Clouds. Coming down from the Village, they travell’d through a barren and cold Valley, where they suffer’d such great Inconveniences by want of Provisions and Water, and exceeding coldness of the Weather, that many of them perish’d. After that, they ascended a pleasant Hill, on whose summit stood a Chappel, with a handsom Steeple, and hedg’d about with great heaps of Wood, brought thither by the Inhabitants for the use of their Sacrifices. At the foot of this Mountain was a fruitful Valley water’d by a pleasant River, on whose Banks a certain Prince nam’d _Cacataminus_ had a Palace, built of Stone, and containing many Rooms, and convenient Lodgings. Somewhat higher to the Land, appear’d more of the like Structures, which were all under _Montezuma_’s Jurisdiction; but the neighboring Countrey _Tlaxcalla_, whose Inhabitants were famous for their Valor, would never receive any Laws from _Montezuma_.

[Sidenote: Remarkable War in _Tlaxcalla_.]

_Cortez_ no sooner set footing in this Countrey, but he was set upon by a thousand of the Inhabitants, who at the first Assault kill’d two of the _Spanish_ Horse, yet after this bold Charge, the Assailants fled, and on the next day desir’d Peace; whereupon the _Spaniards_ march’d quietly into the Countrey, when a confus’d Company, or Forlorn-Hope, making a horrible Noise, set upon them; but after a slight Skirmish, they fled to their Main Body, which immediately drawing up, being at least a hundred thousand, hemm’d in the handful of _Spaniards_, and so were ready to swallow them, leaving them no Angle to escape at. Thus invironed, they were assailed on every side, fighting till Sun-set, and had undoubtedly been utterly destroy’d, had not _Cortez_ ply’d his six Pieces of Cannon, discharging continually Volley after Volley upon them; and though the Execution was very much, yet the Sound and report of their Ordinance was more terrible to them that were out of the reach of the Bullet, and made more to the gaining so great a Victory, Fear conquering more than Slaughter; so that by the Evening, despairing either of their Safety or better Fortune, the whole Army disbanding fled: But the pursuing Conquerors firing five of their Villages, remain’d Masters of the Field; yet they, though thus totally routed, taking fresh Courage (a wonderful thing!) reinforc’d them, and set upon the _Spanish_ Camp, with no less than 150000 Fighting Men: Yet notwithstanding so vast an Army, _Cortez_ so well order’d his small parcel of Men, and so valiantly led on upon all Advantages, that he in like manner defeated this, as they thought, Invincible Preparation. Thus flesh’d with so much Blood of the Natives, he raged every where, giving no Quarter where-ever he went.

Mean while _Quesitangal_, a neighboring Prince, having also raised an Army with which he design’d, being assisted by darkness, craftily to fall into the _Spanish_ Quarters by Night, subtilly dissembling, sent Embassadors the day before, with several Presents, and Overtures of Peace, which indeed were onely Spies, to take notice where they might best break in upon them; which _Cortez_ mistrusting, and soon being inform’d of the whole Design, he cut off the Spies Hands, so sending them back to _Quesitangal_ with Defiance: Hereupon the _Indians_ immediately setting forward, took advantage of the ensuing Night, and with great fury fell upon the _Spaniards_, who preacquainted with the Design, were in so good a posture to receive them, that not able to endure such hot Service, they quickly retreated, and utterly gave over the Enterprize: But _Cortez_ as much encourag’d by these Victories, pursu’d them, and the same Night Storm’d _Tlaxcalla_, a City containing above twenty thousand Houses, which in few Hours he carried. This City was curiously built, of bak’d Stones, and a place of great Trade; insomuch that the Market-places swarm’d with Buyers and Sellers, bartering one with another all manner of Provisions, as Fish, Flesh, and Bread, also Plumes of Feathers, Pearls, imbroyder’d Tapestry, Chalk, Stones, Timber, and Herbs.

Twenty days _Cortez_ staid here to refresh his Army, and then march’d to the neighboring City _Chiurutical_, with the Auxiliary Forces of the _Tlaxcallans_, to the number of above a hundred thousand; they told him, That the People of _Chiurutical_ had barricado’d up their Streets, laid upon the tops of their Houses great heaps of Stones, that their upper Rooms were cramm’d with Archers, and all things made ready both for Offence and Defence; which Advertisement he not much hearkned to, because he was conducted into the City with all their State-Formalities of Singing and Tabering upon their _Tamboes_, and every where courteously entertain’d.

[Sidenote: A Plot strangely discover’d.]

[Sidenote: Strange Martial Affairs.]

Mean while _Montezuma_ had rais’d a great Army, which were in their advance, not onely to the defence of his Border, but to surprize them while they staid in that City, the Townsmen having invited him thither to their rescue and his own defence, had not the Plot been accidentally discover’d by a _Chirutecan_ Woman, who giving advice to one of her Friends that follow’d _Cortez_, that he should immediately make his escape, because that all the Strangers would be destroy’d within few Hours, who came and inform’d _Cortez_ thereof; whereupon he desir’d all the Magistrates of the City to come and speak with him, who no sooner entred the Hall where he was, but his Men by Command immediately shot them to death, which terrible Rumor spreading, and alarm’d with the report of the Executing Musquets, the City was suddenly in an Uproar, gathering thither Arm’d from all Places, and began a sharp Conflict, which lasted five Hours; but then wearied out, and despairing of Success, loosing their Courage, they desir’d a Cessation, and at last concluded Peace with the _Spaniards_.

[Sidenote: Now _Mexico_.]

This News of his discover’d Intention, so startled _Montezuma_, that he suppos’d it better to desist, and procure the Favor of _Cortez_ by Presents; wherefore he sent him 15000 Cotton Habits, trim’d up very richly, ten great Chargers of Gold, and some Vessels of Wine, desiring him for a while to forbear his Intentions of marching to _Tenustitan_ his Chief City, and that he would in the mean while treat with him for an Accommodation. But _Cortez_, though he accepted of the Presents, yet nevertheless held his Resolution of marching on.

[Sidenote: Wonderful Mountain _Popocatepeque_.]

[Sidenote: Resolution of two _Spaniards_.]

Eight Leagues from _Tenustitan_ he saw the double-spired Mountain _Popocatepeque_, so call’d from the Smoke which continually ascends from its top; for _Popoca_ signifies _A Smoke_, and _Tepeque, A Mountain_. The Smoke rises upright, and with so much strength, that by the greatest Wind it deviates not one jot from mounting upwards in a direct Line, to whose forked Head ten _Spaniards_ resolv’d to climb; but having got scarce half way up, they were forc’d to return, the Ashes lying knee-deep; yet at last two more resolute conquer’d all those Difficulties, and got to the top, where the mouth of the Cave, as they guessed, measur’d four Miles in Circumference: The shaking of the Mountain, and roaring of the Flames, frequently bursting forth, so much terrified them, that they staid not long there; for, as we said, the Ground not onely trembled under them, but the Fiery Gulph ejected great Stones, which falling down on all sides of the Mountain, rolled to the bottom; and without doubt they had there perish’d, had they not speedily run to a hollow neighboring Hill, from whence they came at length to the rest of their Company, where they were admir’d by the _Indians_ for their undaunted Resolution, and presented with several rich Gifts. These _Indians_ had a Tradition, That for wicked Princes, and such as had not govern’d the People well, this was the _Tophet_ appointed for their Torments.

[Sidenote: Strange Cities in _America_.]

[Sidenote: A very strange Cawse-way.]

_Cortez_ being got through the poor Territory of the _Guazazingers_, and having suffer’d great Cold upon the Mountains, discover’d _Amaquameca_, the chief City of the Province _Chialco_, seated in a great Lake, to which he row’d in a kind of Boats, by the Inhabitants call’d _Acales_. Passing from thence, he was courteously receiv’d in _Iztapalapa_, another City, which boasts above eight thousand Stone Buildings, besides admirable Palaces, with spacious Rooms, delightful Gardens, and Ponds full of Fish, and almost cover’d with Fowl; from whence a Wall or Cawse-way of a great breadth, that cross’d over both Land and Water, led from _Iztapalapa_ to _Tenustitan_. This Cawse-way hath many Bridges, which are drawn up in time of War, under which the Water runs out of a Salt Lake into a Fresh, that ebbs and flows, although lying between high Mountains, and seventy Leagues from the Sea.

On both sides this Wall, being ten Leagues in length, appears three great Towns, _viz._ _Mesiqualisingo_, _Colvacana_, and _Vuichilabusco_, all Populous, and well-built.

[Sidenote: How they make Salt.]

_Colvacana_ is supplied by the Salt Lake, to its no small benefit and inriching; for the Water being by Pipes convey’d into the City, in all the Places and Cisterns for its reception makes a Scum, which being coagulated by the Sun, and after boyl’d, becomes Salt, with which they drive a great Trade; for no Salt being to be had in any place but here, all Foreign Merchants come thither for Supply.

[Sidenote: Remarkable Passage of King _Montezuma_.]

_Cortez_ being in his March within a League and a half of _Tenustitan_, _Montezuma_, preceded with a thousand of his Nobless, came to meet and salute him, all of them rather like Pilgrims, bare-footed, and congying, kissing their right Hands, with which they first kiss’d the Ground: After them appear’d _Montezuma_ himself, who put a Chain of Gold, imboss’d with Pearls, about _Cortez_ his Neck, and immediately conducted him to the City, where having entred, and being come into the Palace, _Montezuma_ plac’d _Cortez_ on a Golden Throne, and surrendred up his Right to his Catholick Majesty of _Spain_, in the presence of all his Peers, to their no small amazement.

But whilst all things had a good face, and went on thus fairly beyond their expectations, _Cortez_ was inform’d, That King _Coalcopoca_ had a Design on the new City _Vera Crux_, and had treacherously murder’d two of the Garrison, and wounded two more: Whereupon _Cortez_ having such fair beginnings, who had swallow’d already in his Hopes the whole Empire and Wealth belonging to _Montezuma_, laid hold of this Occasion, pretending Treason, and breach of Contract; wherefore he put _Montezuma_ under Custody, notwithstanding he had clear’d himself of the Conspiracy, by bringing _Coalcopoca_, with his Sons, and fifteen of his Peers, Prisoners to _Tenustitan_, who by the command of _Cortez_ suffer’d a lingering death, being all burnt with Green Wood. But in vain did _Montezuma_ think to reconcile himself with _Cortez_, since all he did could render no manner of satisfaction; however he continu’d to oblige him by fresh Favors, whose Relation we will be more particular in, as meriting the same.

[Sidenote: Description of the Royal City _Tenustitan_.]

[Sidenote: _Cacaos_, what manner of Fruit.]

[Sidenote: Stately Temple.]

[Sidenote: Horrible Images.]

_Montezuma_’s Grandees seem’d to be much discontented, because he had without the least resistance or consideration setled a handful of Strangers to domineer over his whole Dominions, by which his weakness and pusillanimity, he was now a Prisoner, like a common Malefactor, who had formerly govern’d so mighty Territories. Amongst several Princes which seem’d thus to be concern’d, was _Catumazin_ Governor of the Province _Hacolvacan_ who had he not been surpriz’d and attaqu’d the Night before by the information and discovery of _Montezuma_ himself, he would have hazarded the ruine of all _Cortez_ his Successes: But now Fortune still daily more smil’d, giving wonderful Advantages to the _Spaniards_; Silver and Gold continually flowing like Rivers from all Quarters, that their onely trouble and puzzle was where and how to dispose it: but yet for all this, they were not free from jealousie, that _Montezuma_’s Forces might swallow theirs, though he was secur’d; of which you may judge by the vastness of his Imperial City _Tenustitan_, seated in the Province of _Mexico_, where a Salt Lake mixes its Waters with a fresh River, both which in circumference contain, as we said, seventy Leagues, and distant from the Main Land five or six Miles; the Water about it continually cover’d with small Boats rowing up and down. It hath four Stone, besides DrawBridges in several Places, and strengthned with Gates no less artificial than costly, which lead from the City to the Main Land. The Fresh Water is convey’d through the Salt in a Wall’d Channel, out of which none may take up Water, except they pay Excise to the Kings Farmers. This City boasts above sixty thousand Houses, all divided into Islands, but joyn’d with great Wooden Bridges: The Market-place surrounded with Galleries, drives a quick and constant Trade, being always full of Buyers and Sellers. In every Street they have a publick Inn, in each of which they keep Ordinaries, wherein the Tables are stor’d with well-dress’d Flesh and Fish, not wanting plenty of Wine. Their Trades are divided into several Companies, and they have their peculiar Places to dwell in. They deal very much in _Cacaos_, a Fruit not unlike an Almond, which beaten to Powder, and prepar’d with several other Ingredients, gives name to that excellent Drink now in use with us, call’d _Chocolate_: They grow onely on moist and warm Grounds, and are us’d so currently in Trade, that they go in stead of Money. Amongst many beautiful Edifices, their Guild is very magnificent, wherein twelve Judges, attended by a considerable number of Officers and Servants, sit daily, hearing and determining all manner of Causes. The next is their Chief Temple or Minster, built quadrangular, all of Free-Stone, having four Portals, opening into the four principal Streets or Triumphs, that end at the four Stone Bridges. On the Walls, being of an exceeding height, stand several Turrets, so high, that they seem to hide their Spires in the Clouds; and have Apartments, wherein the Priests Diet, Lodge, and Study, which are ascended by Marble Steps. These Religious Persons are generally of Noble Extract, which at seven years old are carried thither, where leading a very strict Life, they never come forth to see the World, till they enter the State of Matrimony. The famous _Colossus_, that stood over the _Rhodian_ Haven, between whose Legs all Ships did Sail, that came in or went out of the Harbor, cannot stand in competition with the stupendious Idol _Vuichilabuchichi_, whose Head touches the Arch’d Ceiling of the high Temple. Near his stand several lesser Images, made of Meal and all sorts of Herbs bak’d together, and kneaded with Mens Blood. Along the Walls are exceeding dark Vaults, in which the Priests onely walk; over them are large Halls, full of Presentations of their Gods, which serve for the Burying-places of their Kings.

Whilst _Cortez_ and _Montezuma_ were viewing the Temple, two _Spaniards_ rush’d suddenly into one of the Cells, where they found abundance of Lamps and Torches burning, and the Walls bedaub’d two Inches thick with Humane Gore: Over-head hung vast numbers of their Sacrificing Knives; and the stench of the place was intollerable.

[Sidenote: Grandeur of the Kings in _Tenustitan_.]

[Sidenote: Strange Garden-houses.]

But _Cortez_ going on, _Montezuma_ and his Attendants resented it very hainously, that he pull’d down some of their Idols, and durst presume to look in the Kings Face; for those People bear so great Reverence to their Kings, that none dares so much as once look up in their presence: His Council stand bare-footed, stooping with their Faces bow’d almost to the Ground before him: Four times a day they change their Apparel; and a Suit which they have once worn, is put to no other use, but presented to such Soldiers as have done some eminent Service. Whatever manner of Chargers, Dishes, Pots, Cups, and other Vessels the Emperor is serv’d in at his Table, are every Meal new. The King hath in _Tenustitan_ three great Structures, whose Magnificence, for Cost and rare Architecture, can hardly be parallell’d. The first is the Residence for all deform’d People: The second, an _Aviary_ for all manner of Birds and Fowl, being a spacious open place, Roof’d with Nets, and surrounded with Marble Galleries. The third, being a Den for Wild Beasts, was divided into several Rooms, wherein were kept Lions, Tygers, Wolves, Foxes, and all manner of Four-footed Animals.

[Sidenote: _Spaniards_ beaten afresh.]

[Sidenote: Remarkable Exploits of _Cortez_.]

[Sidenote: _Tenustitan_, or _Mexico_, taken.]