Chapter V: Minor Varieties of Pears (17)

=Saint George. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:617, fig. 1869.

The Saint George was described by Diel, Stuttgart, Ger., in 1812, as a French pear originated on the Moselle. Fruit above medium and often larger, very long and always variable, often of Calebasse form, obtuse and contorted, sometimes ovate and regular in outline; skin thin, rough, greenish, much stained with gray around the calyx and covered with large brown dots and scaly patches of russet; flesh white, fine, melting, juice abundant, saccharine, acid and vinous, pleasantly perfumed; first; mid-Sept.

=Saint Germain. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:225, Pl. LII. 1768. =2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 196. 1920.

Merlet, the French pomologist, wrote in 1680 that this pear originated from a wilding on the banks of the Fare, a little river in the parish of Saint Germain d'Areé. Fruit medium or large, long-pyriform, slightly swelled, often irregular in contour; skin rather thick and rough, greenish-yellow, dotted with russet, slightly golden on the cheek exposed to the sun; flesh whitish, fine, very melting, very juicy, rich in sugar with an agreeable, perfumed flavor; very good, but is gritty and worthless if grown on cold, moist soil; Nov. to Mar.

=Saint Germain Gris. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:623, fig. 1869.

Found by M. Prévost, long president of the Horticultural Society of Seine-Inférieure, Fr., in the ancient garden of the Friars of Saint-Ouen, at Rouen, about the year 1804. Fruit medium to large, long-ovate, irregular in its upper part and often bossed and elevated more on one side of the stalk than on the other, grayish-green dotted with brown; flesh yellowish, semi-fine, melting, saccharine, juicy, slightly acidulous, with a deliciously scented flavor; first; mid-Dec. and Jan.

=Saint Germain Panaché. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:625. 1869.

This variegated variety of Saint Germain is of French origin; the date of its publication is about 1819. Fruit simply a variegated form of the Saint Germain, covered with rather large bands of bright yellow sometimes extending from stem to calyx.

=Saint Germain de Pepins. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 850. 1869.

Foreign. Origin unknown. Fruit medium, nearly globular or obovate, slightly pyriform, pale yellow, lightly shaded or mottled with crimson in the sun, netted and patched with russet and thickly sprinkled with russet dots; flesh yellowish, coarse and gritty, with a hard core; good; Feb.

=Saint Germain Puvis. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:625, fig. 1869.

M. Pariset, Curciat-Dongalon, Fr., obtained this variety in 1842. Fruit above medium, long-conic, obtuse, irregular, much bossed, grass-green, clouded with olive-yellow, sprinkled with small gray dots; flesh whitish, semi-fine, watery and melting, almost free from granulations; juice rather deficient, saccharine, acidulous, agreeable; second; end of Sept. and Oct.

=Saint Germain du Tilloy. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:626, fig. 1869.

The origin of this pear is unknown though Leroy thought that its name indicated origin in the Department of the Nord where it formerly existed in important nurseries and where are two towns bearing the name Tilloy. Fruit medium and above, long-conic or cylindrical-conic, very obtuse, rather variable, golden-yellow, clouded with olive-yellow, covered with gray dots and speckles, always rather squamose, more or less washed with cinnamon-russet on the side next the sun; flesh white, semi-fine and semi-melting, gritty at center; juice abundant, sugary, acidulous, aromatic; first; mid-Oct. to end of Nov.

=Saint Germain Van Mons. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:628, fig. 1869.

_Van Mons Hermannsbirne_. =2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:60. 1856.

The parent tree of this variety was a seedling raised by Van Mons at Brussels which fruited for the first time in 1819. Fruit rather above medium or medium, obovate-pyriform, one side habitually more swelled than the other, yellow-ochre, sprinkled with numerous gray and green dots; flesh yellowish, semi-fine and semi-melting, very granular at the core; juice rarely abundant, sugary, acidulous, rather savory; second; Oct.

=Saint Ghislain. 1.= Hovey _Fr. Am._ =2=:45, fig. 1851. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:629, fig. 1869.

This pear was raised at the village of Jammapes, Hainaut, Bel., by M. Dorlain and was propagated by Van Mons and others. Fruit medium; form irregular, globular gourd-shaped and swelled in its lower part or elongated gourd-shaped and sometimes regular-turbinate, always, however, diminishing acutely to the stalk; skin rather thick and rough, grass-green, covered all over with large gray dots and shaded with dull red on the side exposed to the sun; flesh white, fine or semi-fine, melting or semi-melting, watery; juice very saccharine, vinous, with a delicious perfume and an after-taste of musk; first; end of Aug.

=Saint Herblain d'Hiver. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:147, fig. 74. 1872.

The Saint Herblain d'Hiver was propagated by M. Bruneau, a nurseryman, Nantes, Fr., where it was raised, cultivated and much appreciated. Fruit medium, conic-ovate, usually symmetrical in outline; skin rather thick and firm, at first bright green sprinkled with brown dots very regularly spaced and prominent, changing to citron-yellow with the side next the sun a little golden; flesh white, semi-fine, dense, semi-breaking, full of sweet juice, saccharine, refreshing, more tender when eaten at its extreme maturity; a good winter, cooking pear; end of winter.

=Saint Lézin. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:632, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 642. 1884.

First among French pomologists to mention it was Claude Saint-Étienne, in 1670. Fruit large to very large, pyriform but variable, green clouded with pale yellow, dotted with small gray specks; flesh white, semi-fine, semi-breaking; juice plentiful, but deficient in sugar and without perfume; second for dessert, but good for stewing; Sept. and Oct.

=Saint Louis. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:634, fig. 1869.

Found in the ancient fruit garden of the Horticultural Society of Angers, Fr., and without any record of origin. Fruit medium or below, globular-ovate, somewhat bossed, yellow-ochre all over, sprinkled with dots and very small specks of fawn, more or less carmined on the face turned to the sun; flesh white, rather coarse, semi-melting; juice abundant, rather saccharine, sweetish, without any appreciable perfume; third; latter part of Aug.

=Saint Luc. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:29, fig. 495. 1881.

Origin unknown. Fruit rather small, ovate-pyriform, symmetrical in contour, having its largest diameter somewhat below the center; skin rather thick though tender, at first pale water-green, with dots of green-gray, changing at maturity to pale golden-yellow, tinged with very light red on the cheek opposed to the sun; flesh whitish, fine, buttery; juice fairly abundant, very saccharine and slightly perfumed; good; Aug.

=Saint Luke. 1.= _Garden_ =66=:305. 1904.

Introduced by Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, Eng., about 1900. At the Royal Horticultural Society's show of hardy fruits at Westminister in 1904 it was regarded as a valuable introduction, able to compete with the best, owing to its rich mellow flavor and melting flesh, and perfect shape and finish. Fruit rough, russety, deep cinnamon-brown with green patches; flesh melting, juicy, rich, sweet; Oct.

=Saint Menin. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =22=:231, fig. 16. 1856. =2.= Mas _Le Verger_ =2=:187, fig. 92. 1866-73.

_Omer-Pacha_. 1. _Mag. Hort._ =21=:87. 1855. =4.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:478, fig. 1869.

Received in America from Leroy about 1855 under the name _Omer-Pacha_. It was known, however, as early as 1846 in this country under the name of _Saint Menin_. Fruit rather large, obovate-obtuse, pale yellow, slightly brown in the sun, netted and patched with russet, and thickly dotted with conspicuous russet dots; flesh whitish, fine, melting; juice abundant, saccharine, vinous, with a delicate aroma; first; Sept.

=St. Michel Archange. 1.= _Pom. France_ =1=:No. 41, Pl. 41. 1863. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 324. 1866.

A French pear originated in the neighborhood of Nantes in the middle of the last century. Fruit medium or rather large, turbinate but irregular in form, sometimes obovate, sometimes long-pyriform; skin fine, smooth, greenish-yellow, much dotted with gray-russet, washed with orange-red on the side next the sun; flesh yellow-white, fine, melting, very juicy, tender, agreeably perfumed; very good; Sept. and Oct.

=Saint Patrick. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 45. 1866.

Raised from seed by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass., and fruited in 1863. Fruit, diameter 2-1/2 inches, short-pyriform, green, with dots and some blush; keeps well, and ripens perfectly, with a pleasant flavor; Feb. 15.

=Saint Père. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:638, fig. 1869.

_Poire de Saint Père_. =2.= _Guide Prat_. 82, 253. 1895.

The origin of Saint Père is ancient and indeterminate. Without accepting the doubtful synonyms of _Bugiada d'Hiver des Italiens_ and _Brute-Bonne de Rome_ which have been applied to it, we may judge from its name, _Holy Father_, that it came from Italy. Fruit above medium and often larger, sometimes conic-pyriform and sometimes ovate-pyriform, but irregular in outline, yellow, much mottled with gray-russet, sprinkled with very many and rather large brown dots; flesh white, coarse, watery, semi-breaking, juicy, wanting in sugar, often acrid, without perfume; first for cooking purposes; Feb. to Apr.

=St. Swithin. 1.= _Jour. Hort._ =35=:149, fig. 20. 1878. =2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 196. 1920.

Raised by Rivers, Sawbridgeworth Nurseries, Eng., from seed of Calebasse Tougard. Fruit below medium, obovate or pyriform; skin smooth, grass-green, thickly dotted and mottled with russet and sometimes with a faint blush on the side next the sun; flesh yellowish-white, with a greenish tinge, tender, juicy and sweet, with a fine, brisk flavor; good, superior to Doyenne d'Été; July and Aug.

=Saint Vincent de Paul. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:641, fig. 1869. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 851. 1869.

M. Flon-Grolleau, a nurseryman, Angers, Fr., obtained this pear which was first tasted when ripe in mid-January, 1853. Fruit above medium, regular-obtuse-turbinate, meadow-green, sprinkled with yellow dots and russet, washed with fawn around the stem and on the cheek exposed to the sun; flesh whitish, fine, breaking and gritty, juicy, having little sugar, rather astringent and without perfume; third for dessert, second for cooking; Oct.

=Sainte Anne. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 99. 1895.

Obtained by M. Joanon at Saint-Cyr near Lyons, Fr. Fruit medium, oval, rounded at either end, greenish-yellow, washed with rose on the side next the sun; flesh white, rather fine, buttery, very juicy, melting, saccharine; matures after Beurré Giffard, about the beginning of Aug.

=Sainte Thérèse. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:642, fig. 1869.

Raised by André Leroy, Angers, Fr. It first fruited in 1863. Fruit medium and often larger, ovate, irregular and rather long, always larger on one side than on the other, water-green, dotted and mottled with russet and stained with patches of fawn; flesh white, fine, melting; juice very abundant, very saccharine, perfumed and possessing an agreeably acid flavor; latter half of Oct.

=Salisbury. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 541. 1857.

A native of western New York. Fruit depressed-pyriform; skin rough, somewhat covered with russet and thickly sprinkled with russet dots; flesh coarse; of only moderate quality; Oct.

=Salviati. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:137, Pl. IX. 1768. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 643. 1884.

Merlet, French pomologist, described this pear in _L'Abrégé des bon fruits_ in 1675. Fruit below medium to medium; form variable from obtuse-turbinate to slightly long ovate-turbinate; skin thin, wax-yellow, dotted with greenish spots, sometimes much stained with scaly russet and sometimes tinted with reddish-brown on the side touched by the sun; flesh whitish, coarse, semi-melting, gritty at the center; juice scanty, rather saccharine, sweet, but with a strong and disagreeable odor of musk; third; Sept.

=Salzburger von Adlitz. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:14. 1856.

A pear much esteemed in Bavaria, Württemberg, and Upper Austria. Fruit nearly medium, short-conic, even in outline, greenish-yellow, handsomely blushed, densely dotted with fine points; skin without scent; flesh mild, tender, melting; first for dessert, especially good for household and market; beginning of Sept.

=Sam Brown. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 2nd App. 134, fig. 1872.

Originated with Samuel Brown, Junior, Walnut Hills, Md. Exhibited at Philadelphia in 1869. Fruit full medium size or under, globular, obtuse-pyriform, a little uneven, pale yellow partly covered with thin russet, resembling Brown Beurré somewhat in appearance and very much in flavor, sometimes rather brownish in the sun; flesh white, a little coarse, melting, juicy, vinous and rich; very good, nearly best; Sept.

=Samenlose. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 382. 1885.

A Russian pear from the province of Vilna, which seems to be a near relative of the Bessemianka, but differs in expression of tree. Fruit above medium, of Bergamot type and good in quality.

=Sanguine d'Italie. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:647, fig. 1869.

Imported into France about the beginning of the last century. Fruit medium, turbinate and regular, rather obtuse, grass-green, dotted with gray on the shaded side and with yellow-red on the sun-exposed side; flesh breaking, gritty, coarse, dull yellow, veined with red especially about the core where the yellow almost entirely disappears under the blood-red; juice never abundant, saccharine, sweet, without much perfume; third; Aug. and Sept.

=Sanguinole. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 851. 1869. =2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 197. 1920.

_Sanguine de France_. 3. Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:645, fig. 1869.

This old pear is of consequence only on account of the color of its flesh. According to Claude Mollet, 1810, it was imported to France from Switzerland. It was known in Germany in 1500. Fruit below medium or small, variable in form, turbinate-obtuse, or globular, bossed; skin rather thick and rough, green dotted with gray and red, sprinkled with streaks and patches of russet, and sometimes slightly carmined on the face exposed to the sun; flesh transparent, red, semi-fine, semi-breaking, juicy, saccharine, acidulous, more or less musky, agreeable; second, sometimes third, the flesh decomposing rapidly; Aug. and Sept.

=Sanguinole de Belgique. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.

_Belgische Blutbirne_. =2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:67. 1856.

Raised by M. Berckmans, a Belgian nurseryman who came to the United States but also maintained the original establishment, where this seedling was produced in 1851. It is of interest only on account of its rose-tinted flesh. Fruit medium, long-ovate, vivid yellow, blushed and dotted with red, with some brown-russet; flesh yellowish-white, tinted with red, semi-melting, saccharine and highly aromatic; second for the table; Oct. and early Nov.

=Sans-Pareille du Nord. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:648, fig. 1869.

_Unvergleichliche_. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 291. 1889.

A French variety described first in 1847. Its origin is unknown. Fruit large and sometimes very large, very long, cylindrical and contorted, often slightly constricted in the middle like Calebasse; skin thin, lemon-yellow, sprinkled with large gray dots, some fine patches of fawn, more or less tinted with vivid rose on the face opposed to the sun; flesh very white, semi-breaking and semi-fine; juice never abundant, sweetish, rather saccharine, wanting in perfume, but yet having a slight characteristic flavor; third for dessert, first for compotes; Nov. to Jan.

=Sans Peau. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:150, Pl. XIII. 1768. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 644. 1884.

_Skinless_. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 856. 1869.

Of ancient and uncertain origin; the first certain French description was written by La Quintinye in 1690. Fruit below medium or small, ovate, more or less long but always regular; skin exceedingly thin, and slightly rough to the touch, yellow-white, sprinkled with dots of darker green and often washed with pale rose on the sun-exposed side on which the dots are gray; flesh yellowish, coarse, melting, watery; juice sufficient, saccharine, acidulous, feebly perfumed; second; Aug.

=Santa Anna. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 68. 1895.

Originated in Santa Anna, California. Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform, yellow-russeted; flesh tough, highly perfumed; first; season late.

=Santa Claus. 1.= _Garden_ =67=:17, 35. 1905. =2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 197. 1920.

Colonel Brymer, Dorchester, Eng., introduced this pear to the notice of the Royal Horticultural Society in 1905 explaining that the parent tree had come originally from Belgium some thirty years previously. Fruit medium, conical, slightly pyriform, fairly even, slightly rough, dull brown-red, practically covered with russet; stem long, slender; calyx partially open, in an even basin; flesh pale yellowish, melting, deliciously flavored; Dec.

=Santa Rosa. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 68. 1895.

Originated in California. Fruit large, pyriform; flesh buttery, vinous; mid-season.

=Sapieganka. 1.= _Mont. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 56, fig. 1881-2. =2.= Cal. Com. Hort. _Pear Grow. Cal._ =7=:No. 5, 179. 1914.

_Bergamotte Sapieganka_. =3.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 83. 1882.

Originated in northern Poland and introduced into this country in 1879. There is a suspicion that it may be the Bergamotte d'Été renamed after a Polish nobleman. It has been found tender in Manitoba and the Northwest, but perfectly hardy at Ottawa and in Muskoka. Fruit medium, oblate, often somewhat flattened, brownish-yellow, with brownish-red in the sun, with numerous small dots; flesh white, coarse, somewhat firm and juicy; poor quality both for dessert and cooking, third for market; Aug.

=Sarah. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 37. 1867.

Raised by Thaddeus Clapp of Dorchester, Mass. It was exhibited at the Massachusetts Horticultural Society's rooms in 1867. Fruit medium size, globular-obovate-pyriform, greenish-yellow, partially netted and patched with russet, and thickly sprinkled with brown dots; flesh white, fine, juicy, melting, sweet, rich, aromatic; very good; Oct.

=Sarrasin. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:249. 1768. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 644. 1884.

Duhamel du Monceau was the first writer to mention this pear, the origin of which is unknown. Fruit medium, turbinate, more or less obtuse and elongated, dull yellow, slightly greenish, dotted all over with bright russet, seldom mottled but amply washed with rose on the cheek exposed to the sun; flesh white, semi-fine and semi-breaking; juice abundant, saccharine, acidulous, having a taste of anis; second as a fruit to eat raw, first for compotes; Duhamel terms it the longest keeping of all pears; Mar. to June.

=Sary-Birne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:56. 1856.

Published in Germany in 1851. Also known as _Sary Armud_ and the _Turkish Musk Summer Pear_. Fruit small, ventriculous-conic, often somewhat bossed, greenish-yellow turning yellow, seldom blushed, dotted with fine russet points; flesh very sweet, semi-melting, granular, without any particular aroma; second for table, good for kitchen and market; Aug.

=Säuerliche Margarethenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:165. 1856.

_Marguerite-Acidule._ =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:43, fig. 22. 1872.

Obtained by Diel in the neighborhood of Nassau, Ger. Fruit small, usually globular-turbinate and sometimes ovate-pyriform, yellowish light green changing to pale light yellow, often blushed with brownish-red on the side of the sun, on which are numerous dots; flesh granular, white, semi-melting; juice sufficient, moderately sweet, refreshing; third; end of July.

=Schellesbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:172. 1856. Württemberg, Ger. First published in 1830. Fruit medium, turbinate, rather bossed and unequal-sided; skin testaceous, light green turning to yellow-green, light blood-red marblings, sprinkled with dark, grayish-green, round dots; third for the table; good for perry; beginning of Oct.

=Schmalblättrige Schneebirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:199. 1856.

Germany, 1809. Fruit grows in bunches, small, spherical; skin thick, yellow-green, dotted and speckled with brown; flesh coarse; third; Dec. and Jan.

=Schmotzbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 136, fig. 1913.

A perry pear known under many names in different parts of Austria. Fruit below medium, globular-ovate, often turbinate, smooth, yellow when ripe, thickly dotted with russet; flesh yellow-white, coarse-grained, very juicy, subacid; Oct.

=Schnackenburger Winterbirne. 1.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort_. 338. 1881.

Published in Germany. Fruit rather large, flattened, globular-yellow washed with brownish-red; flesh breaking; a cooking pear; winter.

=Schöberlbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 100, fig. 1913.

An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium, Bergamot-form to short-turbinate, light green turning to greenish-yellow, dotted with russet; flesh very white, rather coarse, very juicy, subacid; mid-Oct. to Dec.

=Schöne Müllerin. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:173. 1856.

Nassau, Ger., published in 1805. Fruit very small, turbinate, or blunt-conic, grass-green turning to yellow-green, often with dark red blush and having brown dots changing to green, light brown-russet markings; flesh fine-grained, with sweet, cinnamon flavor, breaking and juicy; third for dessert, very good for household; end of Sept. to beginning of Oct. for five to six weeks.

=Schönebeck Tafelbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:50. 1856.

Germany, on the Rhine, 1816. Fruit small, conic; skin polished, greenish-yellow turning to lemon-yellow, blushed with red, heavily dotted with green; flesh marrowy, acid, vinous; second for the table, good for household and market; beginning of Sept. for two weeks.

=Schönerts Omsewitzer Schmalzbirne. 1.= Liegel _Syst. Anleit._ 108. 1825.

_Fondante de Schönert_. =2.= Mas _Le Verger_ =2=:223, fig. 110. 1866-73.

According to Diel this pear was raised at the village of Omsewitz, near Dresden, by a farmer named Schönert. Fruit hardly medium, long-conic-pyriform, its greatest diameter being below its center; skin rather thick and firm, pale green changing to very pale yellow, without any blush, sprinkled with small gray-green dots; flesh white, fine, rather firm yet melting, full of saccharine juice, acidulous, refreshing, and delicately perfumed; first for household; Sept.

=Schönlin Stuttgarter späte Winterbutterbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:133. 1856.

Raised from seed at Württemberg, Ger., and first published in 1825. Fruit large, oblong, slightly bossed, light green turning lemon-yellow, red dots, marked with russet, thick-skinned; flesh white, buttery, melting, juicy, aromatic and excellent in flavor; first for dessert, household and market; Feb. to Apr.

=Schuman. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.

A native of Bucks County, Pa. Fruit medium, globular-obovate, pale yellow, tinted with red on the cheek next the sun; flesh coarse, pasty; poor; Sept.

=Schwarze Birne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:170. 1856.

Saxony. First published in 1804. Fruit medium, globular-turbinate, grass-green turning yellowish, almost entirely covered with dark russet, often blushed with dirty brown red on the side next the sun; flesh yellowish-white, firm, breaking, aromatic, sweet and vinous; first for household purposes; Jan. to Apr.

=Schweizer Wasserbirne. 1.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort._ 338. 1881. =2.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 206, fig. 1913.

_Weingifterin_. =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:162. 1856.

Used in Austria and Switzerland for the making of perry. Fruit rather large, very globular, somewhat flattened at both poles; skin fairly rough, green-yellow, tinged with dull washed-out red, numerous dots and flecks of russet over the whole fruit; late Sept. to mid-Oct. for four weeks.

=Sdegnata. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:653, fig. 1869.

Major Espéren, the Belgian pomologist, raised this pear from seed, but at what date appears to be unknown. Fruit long-ovate, irregular and bossed; skin rather rough, greenish-yellow, dotted with russet and changing to meadow-green on the side exposed to the sun, marbled with gray-russet; flesh white, fine or semi-fine, juicy, dense although very melting, rather granular at the core; juice extremely abundant, saccharine, acidulous, with a characteristic flavor, deliciously perfumed; first; Aug.

=Seal. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.

Originated in Pennsylvania. Fruit medium or below, globular, pale yellow, lightly shaded with crimson in the sun and thickly sprinkled with green and russet dots; flesh white, coarse, moderately juicy, melting, slightly astringent; good; end of Aug.

=Sébastien. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:181, fig. 573. 1881.

Raised by M. Pariset, Ain, Fr., in 1852, and first published in 1867. Fruit medium, cylindrical-ovate, even in its outline; skin rather thin but firm, at first intensely green, sprinkled with brown dots, large and prominent, changing to a brighter green at maturity with russet coloring on the side next the sun; flesh white, slightly tinted with green, especially under the skin, very fine, entirely melting, full of sweet juice, saccharine, with an agreeable perfume; first; Dec.

=Sebastopol. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:655, fig. 1869. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.

M. Minot, Jodoigne, Bel., obtained Sebastopol, which ripened for the first time in 1858. Fruit below medium, ovate-turbinate, symmetrical, green tinted with dull yellow, dotted with brown and mottled with russet; flesh white, rather coarse, semi-melting and watery, having some grit around the core, juice abundant, saccharine, acidulous, rarely much perfumed; second; mid-Aug.

=Seckel Seedling No. 1. 1.= _Iowa Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 131. 1915.

Mentioned in a report of the Supervising Committee of the Iowa Horticultural Society as a valuable seedling raised by Charles G. Patten. "The fruit is larger than the old Seckel, of excellent quality, and the tree is vigorous, hardy and free from blight."

=Secrétaire Maréschal. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 281. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 99. 1895.

Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr.; published in 1886. Fruit medium, resembling Beurré Clairgeau; flesh very fine, juicy, perfumed; Nov. and Dec.

=Secrétaire Rodin. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 281. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 99. 1895. Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. It was first published in 1881. Fruit medium to large recalling in appearance the Duchesse d'Angoulême; flesh yellow, vinous, of an agreeable perfume and distinctive flavor; Nov. and Dec.

=Seigneur Daras. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 99. 1895.

Tree very fertile, not very vigorous and best cultivated on wild stock. Fruit medium, of the form of the Doyenné; flesh fine, juicy, saccharine, perfumed; Oct.

=Seigneur d'Été. 1.= Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 348. 1831.

An old Flemish pear sent to England by M. Stoffels of Mechlin and exhibited by the Horticultural Society of London in 1819. Fruit above medium, obtuse-oval; skin fine orange, with bright scarlet on the sunny side, sprinkled with small brown spots and partially marked with larger ones of the same color; flesh melting, with an extremely small core, and a rich, highly flavored juice; beginning and middle of Sept.

=Selleck. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 854. 1869.

The origin of Selleck is unknown. Some thirty years ago the oldest known bearing tree of the variety was standing on the grounds of Columbus Selleck, Sudbury, Vermont, and was then still healthy and very productive. Fruit large, obovate-obtuse-pyriform, surface uneven; skin a fine yellow, with a crimson cheek and thickly sprinkled with russet dots; flesh white, a little coarse, juicy, melting, sweet, aromatic; good to very good; Sept. and Oct.

=Semis d'Echasserie. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:188, fig. 580. 1881.

Obtained by M. Pariset, Ain, Fr., from a seed bed made in 1840. It was first published in 1862. Fruit below medium, globular-ovate, symmetrical in contour; skin rather thick and rough to the touch, yellow-green passing to bright yellow at maturity, tinged with earthy-red on fruits well exposed to the sun; flesh a little coarse, semi-breaking, rather full of saccharine juice, slightly gritty about the core, insufficiently perfumed; second; Dec. and Jan.

=Semis Léon Leclerc. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:173, fig. 279. 1879.

Sent out by M. Bivort from Belgium about the year 1859. Fruit small or nearly medium on a well-pruned tree, ovate, often ventriculous, symmetrical in its contour; skin thin, smooth, green sprinkled with dots of darker green, changing at maturity to whitish-yellow, rather deeper on the side next the sun, sometimes washed with light red on which the dots are grayish or yellow; flesh white, semi-fine, melting, full of saccharine juice and pleasantly perfumed; good for its season; beginning of Aug.

=Sénateur Préfet. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.

Published in France by M. Boisbunel. Tree vigorous and very fertile. Fruit medium or large, oval-pyriform; flesh white, fine, melting, juicy, saccharine, vinous; first; March to May.

=Sénateur Vaisse. 1.= _Pom. France_ =4=:No. 169, Pl. 169. 1867.

M. Lagrange, a nurseryman of Lyons, Fr., grew this pear from seed in 1861. Tree pyramidal, rather vigorous, productive. Fruit rather large, obovate, pale yellow, with a rosy tint on the sunny side; flesh crisp, juicy, very sweet, slightly gritty; good; Sept.

=Seneca. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1895.

A wildling found by James Payne and nurtured by A. C. Clark, both of Tyre, N. Y., and reported as about twelve years old in 1896. Similar to Bartlett but of higher quality, better color, and later season. Fruit large, obovate-pyriform, light yellow, with blushed cheek, green mottling and black dots on shady side; flesh white, vinous, sprightly; very good; Oct. and Nov.

=Senfbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:183. 1856.

Hanover. First published in 1852. Fruit medium, ventriculous and conic, often somewhat turbinate, unattractive green turning yellowish, often darkly blushed, spotted; flesh rather coarse, fairly juicy, sweet; first for household use; Oct. and Nov. for six weeks.

=Seringe. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 1045. 1866.

M. Nérard, a nurseryman at Lyons, Fr., obtained Seringe, which was published first in 1864. Fruit medium, oval, inclining to obovate, a little depressed at the ends; skin citron or pale yellow, smooth, with some russet specks; flesh white, very melting and sugary; Aug.

=Serrurier. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 543. 1857. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:660. 1869.

Van Mons obtained this variety from seed at Louvain, Bel., about 1825. Fruit large; form rather inconstant, passing from irregular ovate, swelled and much bossed, to ovate more or less globular, and mammillate at the summit; skin thick, olive-yellow, closely dotted with gray, stained with fawn around the calyx and touched with some brown-russet and occasionally vermilioned on the side exposed to the sun; flesh whitish, melting or semi-melting, juicy, vinous and saccharine, possessing a tartish flavor and a particularly pleasant aroma; first; Oct. and Nov.

=Seutin. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 854. 1869.

_Poire Seutin_. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =5=:143, fig. 360. 1880.

According to Bivort the pear Seutin was obtained by M. Bouvier, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit medium, ovate-pyriform, more or less long, sometimes symmetrical, sometimes rather angular in its contour; skin thick, firm, at first bright green sprinkled with dots of green-gray, changing to lemon-yellow tinged with golden-russet on the side next the sun; flesh whitish, rather fine, gritty at the center, semi-buttery, fairly juicy, sweet, and delicately perfumed; winter.

=Sha Lea. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 303. 1879. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485. 1913.

_Chinese Sand_. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 851. 1869.

A Chinese sand pear imported from China by Wm. R. Prince, Flushing, N. Y. about 1820. Fruit medium, globular-pyriform, dull yellow, covered with a rough, sandy-like russet; flesh firm, moderately juicy; cooks well and acquires a fine flavor; Sept.

=Shawmut. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =25=:209, fig. 14. 1859.

Originated with Francis Dana, Roxbury, Mass. Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform, regular; skin fair, nearly smooth, dull yellow at maturity, dotted with large, round, russet specks, most numerous on the sunny side; flesh yellowish, coarse, melting, very juicy, rich, vinous, sprightly, with a pleasant musky perfume; Oct.

=Shenandoah. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 43. 1866.

A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. It fruited first in 1862. Fruit "Skin yellow; flesh fine-grained and sweet, keeps well, and is a good market pear; pyriform."

=Sheppard. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 855. 1869.

Raised by James Sheppard, Dorchester, Mass. Fruit large, obovate-pyriform; skin rough, yellow, sometimes with a brownish-red cheek, slightly sprinkled with russet dots and with some patches of russet; flesh whitish, coarse and granular, buttery, melting, juicy, vinous, perfumed; good to very good; end of Sept. and first of Oct.

=Sheridan. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1866.

A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. "Fruited in 1864. Short diam. 3 inches; long diam. 3-1/2 inches; good grain, juicy, rather vinous in flavor; color dark green; ripens soundly. Large bearer, and good market pear. Turbinate."

=Shindel. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1897.

This pear has been locally grown about Emigsville, Pa., since the early part of the last century, and up to 1897 was reported never to have been affected with blight. Fruit medium, globular-obovate; skin rather smooth, lemon-yellow, with thin golden-russet patches and veining; flesh whitish, rather fine, granular, moderately juicy, mild, sugary, moderately rich; good; Aug. and Sept.

=Shobden Court. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 646. 1884.

Raised by T. A. Knight, President of the Horticultural Society of London. Fruit below medium, oblate, symmetrical in form, deep rich yellow, blushed with red on the side next the sun, sprinkled all over with rough, russety dots; flesh white, coarse-grained, juicy, briskly acid and sweet, not highly flavored; second; Jan. and Feb.

=Shurtleff. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1866.

A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. "Fruited in 1863. Short diam. 2-1/2 inches; long diam. 3 inches; flesh rather dry, and firm; skin yellow with red cheek; keeps soundly without extra care until May. A most prolific bearer. Short pyriform."

=Sieboldii. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 115. 1876. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485. 1913.

Japan. Sieboldii is a variety distinct from _Madame von Siebold_ and was described by Messrs. Simon-Louis of Metz, Lorraine, as follows: "Medium to large pyriform with elongated tendency, angled and irregular; ... color slightly red on sunny side, grayish in shade; flesh white, breaking, sweet, perfumed; cannot be eaten raw with pleasure."

=Sievenicher Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 208, fig. 1913.

A perry pear grown in Austria and Germany. Fruit medium to fairly large, globular, short, diminishing somewhat acutely to the stalk; yellow-green, blushed with brown; flesh coarse, subacid and dry; end of Sept. and beginning of Oct.

=Sikaya. 1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485. 1913.

An Oriental variety. Fruit medium to small, oblate, symmetrical, buff, russeted; skin tough, almost covered with large russet dots; flesh yellowish-white, coarse, poor, insipid, subacid, melting, gritty; late.

=Simon Bouvier. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:666, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 646. 1884.

_Souvenir de Simon Bouvier_. 3. _Guide Prat._ 108, 305. 1876.

Raised by Simon Bouvier, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit medium, symmetrical, ovate, always swelled toward the base, green shaded with dull yellow, dotted and stained with russet; flesh whitish, fine, juicy and melting, almost free from granulations; juice extremely abundant and saccharine, very acidulous, highly perfumed, having an after taste of musky-anis which adds to its delicacy; first; Sept.

=Sinai'sche Buschelbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:198. 1856.

Mount Sinai, Persia, 1815. Fruit very small, globular, flattened, greenish, blushed, very finely dotted; flesh hard, coarse-grained, juiceless, sour, but sweet when ripe; third; winter.

=Sinclair. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:74. 1856. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 646. 1884.

Raised by Van Mons. Fruit large and handsome, long-turbinate, very wide at the base and tapering abruptly by deep concave curves to a narrow point near the stalk, even and symmetrical in shape, smooth, fine, clear lemon-yellow, with a faint blush of red next the sun; flesh fine-grained, buttery, melting, very juicy and sweet, with a rich, vinous flavor and a slight musky perfume; very good for dessert and also for household and market purposes; Sept. and Oct.

=Sirningers Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 210, fig. 1913.

An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium to large, long-conic; skin firm, green turning yellowish-russet; flesh greenish-white, very firm, rather acid flavor; Oct.

=Slavonische Wasserbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:183. 1856.

Originated at Siebenbürgen, Ger. First published in 1851. Fruit below medium, ventriculous-conic, green turning greenish-yellow, with light brown wash on the sunny side; flesh coarse, saccharine, firm, very juicy and sweet; third for the table, first for household use; beginning of Sept.

=Slutsk. 1.= Ragan _Nom. Pear, B. P. I. Bul._ =126=:231. 1908.

Originated in Minsk, Russia, and received in this country about 1890. Fruit large, symmetrical, roundish-obtuse-pyriform, yellow, largely overspread with bright red and thickly sprinkled with brown dots; stem long, slender, in a deep cavity; calyx open; flesh moderately juicy, somewhat astringent, not sugary; good; Oct.

=Smet Fils Unique. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 106. 1876.

Fruit large, Doyenné in form; flesh fine, melting, juicy; first; end of autumn.

=Smith. 1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485, fig. 1913.

An oriental variety or hybrid, very similar to Le Conte but blooms later. Fruit medium to large, oval, truncate at basin end; skin yellowish-green, smooth, with patches of russet; flesh white, firm, insipid, dry, mealy; poor; Oct.

=Smith Beauty. 1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485. 1913.

An oriental hybrid, similar to Le Conte, with no blush, shorter than Dewey. Variety name has been listed as _Smith's Winter Beauty_.

=Smith Duchess. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 101. 1883.

An American hybrid of the Chinese Sand Pear.

=Snow. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 149. 1873.

Originated with Suel Foster, Muscatine, Ia. Reported in 1873 as "better than Vicar except for size and keeping. Its flesh is very white; valuable for cooking."

=Soeur Grégoire. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:667, fig. 1869.

Xavier Grégoire, the well-known Belgian seedsman, Jodoigne, Brabant, obtained this variety. It bore its first fruit in 1858. Fruit large, in form variable from irregular long gourd-shaped to long-cylindrical, usually rather bossed; skin thick and rough, yellow-ochre, dotted and stained with gray-russet and shaded with dark red on the cheek next the sun; flesh yellowish, semi-fine, melting, granular at the core; juice rarely abundant but very aromatic, saccharine and with a delicate flavor; first when sufficiently juicy, otherwise second; Nov. and Dec.

=Soldat Bouvier. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:37, fig. 211. 1879.

Raised by Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit nearly medium, globular-conic, regular in outline; skin rather firm, at first a dark green, sprinkled with dots of a darker shade, brightening to yellowish at maturity and extensively colored with blood-red on the cheek next the sun; flesh whitish, rather fine, buttery, melting; juice sufficient, saccharine and delicately perfumed; good to first; Sept.

=Soldat Laboureur. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =3=:31, fig. 1855. =2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 198. 1920.

Soldat Laboureur was obtained from a seed bed made about 1820 by Major Espéren, Mechlin, Bel. Fruit medium to large, ovate-pyriform or turbinate, bossed; skin smooth, rather thick, bright green passing to golden-yellow when perfectly ripe, dotted and shaded with fawn; flesh yellowish-white, semi-fine, melting; juice abundant, saccharine, perfumed, and, on land suiting it, very vinous; very good, highest quality; Oct. and Nov.

=Sommer-Russelet. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:46. 1856.

Thuringia, 1807. Fruit medium, pyriform, light yellow, blushed all over; flesh breaking, juicy, with a flavor of cinnamon; second for table, first for household and market; beginning of Aug.

=Sommer-Zuckerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:53. 1856.

Thuringia, Ger. Published in 1798. Fruit medium, long-pyriform, obtuse, yellowish-green turning a lighter tint at maturity, with dark blush on the side of the sun and yellow dots which turn green; flesh yellowish-white, breaking, saccharine; second for dessert and good for household and market purposes; Aug.

=Sommeralantbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:14. 1856.

_Poire d'Aunée d'Été_. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =5=:77, fig. 327. 1880.

Upper Hesse, Prussia; first published in 1802. Fruit medium, long-conic; skin fine, light green turning yellowish, with dark red blush and very fine dots; wanting in juice, buttery, mild and tender, aromatic; first for table, household and market; Aug. and Sept.

=Sommerkönigin. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:109. 1856.

Nassau, Ger.; published in 1804. Fruit above medium, obtuse-conic, inclined to one side at the top, yellowish-green turning to light yellow, with a pale blush, greenish dots and flecked with russet; flesh white, juicy, buttery, melting and full of flavor; Sept.

=Sommerwachsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:50. 1856.

Nassau, Ger.; published in 1805. Fruit medium, pyriform, symmetrical; skin smooth, straw-white turning to a waxy light yellow, with often a faint blush, light green dots turning red, without scent; flesh semi-melting, very juicy and saccharine; third for table, good for household purposes; first of Sept.

=Sophie de l'Ukraine. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 647. 1884.

Fruits rather large, obovate, even and regular, in shape rather resembling White Doyenné; pale yellow, covered with minute dots on the shaded side and with a tinge of warm orange on the side opposed to the sun; flesh neither melting nor juicy, only sweet; an inferior pear; soon becomes soft; Nov.

=Sotschnaja. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1880.

A northern European variety reported by J. L. Budd as imported by him and on trial at the Iowa State College. Shows marked traces of the Chinese forms of the pear in shape, serration, thickness and size of leaf. The wood is gritty and thorn-like and unites very imperfectly with the apple.

=Soueraigne. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.

"The Soueraigne peare, that which I have seene and taste, and so termed unto me, was a small brownish yellow peare, but of a most dainty taste; but some doe take a kind of Bon Chretien, called the _Elizabeth_ peare, to be the Soueraigne; how truly let others judge."

=Soutmann. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:130. 1856.

Holland, 1821. Fruit medium, globular-oblong, light green turning to yellowish-green, without any blush, small brown dots; flesh white, buttery, melting, juicy, and with a sweet aromatic flavor of cinnamon; very good dessert fruit; Dec.

=Souvenir de l'Abbé Lefebvre. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.

Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree of moderate vigor, fertile and adapts itself to all forms of growth. Fruit medium in size; flesh very fine, perfumed and excellent; Nov. and Dec.

=Souvenir de du Breuil Père. 1.= Pom. France =4=:No. 159, Pl. 159. 1867.

_Poire du Breuil Père_. =2.= _Rev. Hort._ 202. 1889.

Obtained from a bed of seeds of Louise Bonne de Jersey made by A. du Breuil, Rouen, Fr., in 1840. Fruit medium or rather large, sub-spherical, more often inclined by the oblique truncation of its wide top; skin very fine, yellow at maturity, much mottled and dotted with bright russet all over, the russet becoming purple on the side next the sun; flesh white, melting, very juicy, saccharine, pleasantly perfumed and sprightly; excellent; Nov. to Jan.

=Souvenir Deschamps. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 182. 1891. =2.= _Gard. Chron._ 3rd Ser. =9=:57. 1891.

Described in 1891 as a newly introduced seedling raised in the State School of Horticulture, Ghent, Bel. Fruit large, elongated, like Calebasse in form, sometimes spindle-form and straight, slightly constricted about the middle, greenish-yellow, marked with brown spots; flesh yellowish, delicate, melting, juicy, good; Sept. and Oct.

=Souvenir Désiré Gilain. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 108. 1876.

Stated in a Bulletin of the Society Van Mons to have been a gain of M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit medium, ovate-pyriform, symmetrical in outline, having its greatest diameter well below the centre; skin rather firm, pale green, sown with dots of darker green, turning pale yellow when ripe, rather golden on the side next the sun and touched with a tinge of red; flesh white, fine, breaking, juicy, saccharine, vinous, with a flavor difficult to describe; Aug.

=Souvenir d'Espéren de Berckmans. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =3=:151, fig. 172. 1878.

Obtained by M. Berckmans at his establishment in this country and should not be confounded with the Souvenir d'Espéren raised by M. Bivort. Fruit medium or rather large, conic-pyriform, often a little irregular in contour; skin fine, thin, water-green, sprinkled with large brown dots, both numerous and prominent and patches of russet, changing to lemon-yellow at maturity, the russet becoming golden; flesh white, a little tinted with yellow, rather fine, buttery, melting; juice sufficient in amount and highly saccharine and perfumed; good; Oct.

=Souvenir Favre. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =8=:65, fig. 1860. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 2nd App. 134. 1872.

Originated by M. Favre, Chalons, Fr., from seed of Glou Morceau planted in 1850. Fruit medium to below, conic-pyriform, pale yellow, dotted with many brown and green dots; stem short, rather stout, in a slight cavity; calyx open; basin small, uneven, slightly russeted; flesh whitish, slightly coarse, half-melting, juicy, sweet, aromatic; good to very good; Oct.

=Souvenir de Gaëte. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:671, fig. 1869.

M. Ruillé de Beauchamp obtained the Souvenir de Gaëte from seed of the Beurré de l'Assomption. It received the recommendation of the pomological committee of the Horticultural Society of Paris. Fruit above medium and sometimes large, irregular-turbinate or ovate, mammillate at the top and ventriculated at the middle, bright yellow, finely dotted and streaked with fawn and extensively washed with tender rose on the cheek opposed to the sun; flesh white, very fine, melting and free from granulations; juice very abundant, saccharine, refreshing and vinous with a characteristic perfume and flavor; first; Oct.

=Souvenir de Julia. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 60. 1895.

Sent out by M. Daras de Naghin of Antwerp, Bel. Tree vigorous and fertile. Fruit medium, globular, whitish-yellow, blushed with rose; flesh fine, semi-melting, saccharine, juicy; first; Oct. and Nov.

=Souvenir de Leroux-Durand. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 285. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.

Published in Germany in 1879. Tree vigorous and fertile. Fruit large or very large, oblong, bright yellow, stained with golden-russet; flesh very melting, vinous, highly saccharine and very agreeably perfumed; first; Oct.

=Souvenir de Lydie. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 58. 1895.

A Belgian variety disseminated by Daras de Naghin of Antwerp. Fruit rather large, Doyenné in form, greenish-yellow; flesh semi-fine, melting, highly saccharine; first; Oct.

=Souvenir de Madame Charles. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 285. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.

Raised by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr., from seed of Serrurier. Tree vigorous, fertile and suitable for all forms of cultivation. Fruit medium to large, having the form of the Passe Colmar, gray; flesh very fine, melting, saccharine and perfumed; Dec. and Jan.

=Souvenir de la Reine des Belges. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:673, fig. 1869. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 857. 1869.

Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel., obtained this pear in 1855. Fruit above medium, turbinate, rather obtuse, ventriculous and symmetrical in its lower part and much contorted and bossed in its upper, pale yellow, dotted with gray, mottled with russet, especially over the side exposed to the sun; flesh yellowish, rather coarse, melting, juicy, gritty at the core; juice abundant, saccharine, slightly acidulous, with a delicate flavor and aroma; first and often second when the fruit is devoid of perfume; Oct.

=Souvenir de Renault Père. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 397, fig. 126. 1893.

M. Renault, Bulgnéville, Vosges, Fr., observed that the lower branches of an Easter Beurré produced foliage variegated with white while the remainder were of a beautiful green. Grafts from the variegated branches in due course perpetuated the variegation and produced a fruit similar to that of Easter Beurré but with the skin striped longitudinally from pole to pole, the variegation being more or less distinct according to the season and the vigor of the tree. Fruit large, obovate; skin hard to the touch, green turning to a golden yellow at maturity, variegated; flesh very white, fine, rather melting, fairly juicy, highly saccharine, rather gritty around the center; a good dessert pear; Jan. to Mar.

=Souvenir de Sannier père. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.

Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree moderately vigorous. Fruit medium, dark yellow, tinted with rose; first; Oct.

=Souvenir de Simon Bouvier. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:674, fig. 1869.

Obtained by Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel., and first reported in 1846. Fruit below medium, turbinate, even in outline, rather swelled in all the lower part and somewhat obtuse at the summit; color pale yellow, dotted with gray and green, stained with brown-fawn and vermilioned on the cheek opposed to the sun; flesh white, juicy, semi-fine and semi-melting; juice very abundant, vinous, saccharine and strongly musky; second; Oct.

=Souvenir du Vénérable de la Salle. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 236. 1886.

Said to have been originated by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree of good vigor, medium productive. Fruit medium, resembling Bon-Chrétien d'Hiver in form; flesh fine, melting, sweet; of first quality; Oct. and Nov.

=Souveraine de Printemps. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 544. 1857.

Of foreign origin. Fruit medium, oblate, obscurely pyriform, angular, yellow, sprinkled with russet; flesh white, melting, coarse, granular, juicy, somewhat astringent, with a brisk vinous flavor; Mar.

=Spae. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:676, fig. 1869.

Obtained by M. Spae, Ghent, Bel., and was propagated in 1861. Fruit above medium, long-turbinate, obtuse, rather contorted at the base and always having one side larger than the other, dull yellow, shaded with bright green, dotted, with more or less brown-russet on the cheek next the sun; flesh semi-fine or semi-breaking, white, juicy, sweet, saccharine, rather deficient in perfume but delicate; second; Oct.

=Späte Rotbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 54, fig. 1913.

An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium to large, pyriform, dull green changing to greenish-yellow with widely spread dark blush, thickly speckled with whitish dots; flesh white, fine, aromatic; Nov. and Dec.

=Späte Sommerbirne ohne Schale. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:38. 1856.

Holland, 1806. Fruit very small, conic but variable, even sides; skin tender, greenish-yellow turning lemon-yellow, densely sprinkled with dark green dots; flesh very juicy, coarse, melting; second for dessert, first for household; mid-Aug.

=Späte Todemannsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:146. 1856.

Nassau, Ger., 1806. Fruit large, shallow-bossed, sides unequal, pyriform, light green turning to light lemon-yellow, often blushed, dotted, often speckled with russet and russeted on the side next the sun; flesh breaking, wanting in juice; third for dessert, very good for household; Dec. and Jan.

=Späte Wasserbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:194. 1856.

Württemberg, Ger., 1830. Fruit medium, turbinate, rather obtuse, light green turning dirty pale yellow, dull red blush, large gray dots; flesh firm, very juicy, tasteless; good for household purposes and perry; Sept.

=Spätes Graumänchen. 1.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort._ 291. 1881.

Bohemia. Fruit small, obtuse-pyriform, green changing at maturity to yellowish-green, very much russeted; flesh fine-grained, semi-melting, aromatic, cinnamon savor, sugary; good table fruit; Oct. to Jan.

=Speckbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 138, fig. 1913.

An Austrian perry pear. Fruit large, turbinate; skin smooth, light leaf-green turning to dull greenish-yellow at maturity, dotted with russet; flesh yellowish-white, very juicy, subacid, rather coarse-grained; Oct. to Dec.

=Speedwell. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 43. 1866.

A seedling raised and fruited in 1863 by Dr. S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. Fruit, "Short diam. 2-1/4 inches, long diam. 3 inches; color green; flesh melting, juicy, with rich flavor; ripens soundly Sept. 1; quality fine; obovate."

=Spillingsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:150. 1856.

Germany, 1806. Fruit small, globular-turbinate, even in contour, pale green changing to light lemon-yellow, more golden on the side of the sun, with light green dots; flesh snow-white, breaking and coarse-grained, vinous, acidulous and saccharine; second for dessert, first for household; Aug.

=Spindelförmige Honigbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:143. 1856.

Grown in the middle Rhine country, Germany. Fruit medium, long-conic, regular, greenish-yellow, entirely covered with cinnamon-russet; flesh breaking and coarse, often semi-melting, saccharine and musky; very good for household use; Sept.

=Spindelförmige Rehbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:132. 1856.

Westphalia, 1828. Fruit large, oblong, shallow-bossed; skin rough, light cinnamon-russet all over, dotted with whitish-gray; flesh granular, aromatic, with sweet wine flavor; first for table and household use; Sept. and Oct.

=Spinka. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =6=:89, fig. 429. 1880.

Origin uncertain, though Oberdieck thought it came originally from Bohemia. Fruit nearly medium, ovate, more or less shortened; skin thick and very firm, pale water-green, taking a white tint long before maturity, sprinkled with brown dots, changing to pale yellow and the side next the sun more or less warmly golden; flesh yellow-tinted, fine, semi-buttery; juice sufficient, saccharine and agreeably perfumed; fairly good; Sept.

=Spreeuw. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:676. 1869. A rather worthless pear raised by Van Mons at Brussels which gave its first fruit in 1815. Fruit small, globular-ovate, green turning yellow, dotted with yellowish-red and blushed; flesh greenish-white, rather gritty, saccharine; in Germany is reckoned as second for dessert and first for household purposes; in France it appears to possess little merit; Oct. and Nov.

=Star of Bethlehem. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =24=:334, fig. 1869.

Originated at Bethlehem, Pa., and described in 1869 as a new variety. Tree resembles a persimmon tree with a low and spreading habit; branches never upright, very enduring and able to bear heavy weights; very productive and regular in bearing. Fruit very large, similar in form to the Beurré d'Anjou, obovate-pyriform-obtuse, regular; skin smooth, deep yellow, slightly russeted, with a handsome red cheek on the side exposed to the sun; flesh yellowish-white, somewhat coarse, buttery, melting, fine, sweet, rich and excellent flavor; highly spoken of at the time; Sept.

=Steinbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 56, fig. 1913.

A perry pear found in Austria and Switzerland. Fruit medium, globular-pyriform, greenish changing to yellowish-green when ripe, on the sun-exposed side washed with dull red, speckled with russet spots; flesh granular, firm; good for transportation; Nov. and Dec.

=Steinmitz Catharine. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 858. 1869.

Originated in Pennsylvania. Fruit small to medium, oblong-pyriform, greenish, with a tinge of brown in the sun; flesh white, moderately juicy, semi-melting, vinous; good; Sept.

=Stevens Genesee. 1.= Cole _Am. Fr. Bk._ 157. 1849.

Originated on the farm of M. F. Stevens, Lima, N. Y. Fruit large, globular-obovate, yellow; flesh white, tender, rather buttery, of a rich, excellent, aromatic flavor; good to very good; Sept. and Oct. but in some districts as early as Aug.

=Sterling. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =13=:443, 444, fig. 36. 1847.

Raised by a Mr. Sterling in the neighborhood of Buffalo, N. Y., from seed brought from Connecticut about 1828. Fruit medium, almost spherical, slightly oval, yellow, with occasionally a few small patches of russet and on the sun-exposed cheek a mottled crimson blush; flesh rather coarse, juicy, melting, with a saccharine, brisk flavor; very good; Sept.

=Stone. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:24, fig. 1843.

Grew in the garden of a Mr. Stone, Cincinnati, O., and named in his honor. Fruit large, broad-pyriform, sides uneven, globular toward lower end and gradually diminishing toward the stem; bright yellow at maturity with a bright red cheek next the sun, beautifully intermixed with yellow streaks and specks; flesh white, somewhat buttery, rather melting, slightly astringent; Aug.

=Stout. 1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 39. 1895.

Originated at Monrovia, Ind., about 1840. Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform, green changing to yellow; flesh buttery, melting, juicy, subacid; very good; mid-season.

=Strassburger Sommerbergamotte. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:40. 1856.

Thuringia, 1766. Fruit medium, turbinate, medium ventriculous, greenish-yellow turning yellowish-white at maturity, with rather grayish spots; flesh semi-melting, very white, sweet, acid, aromatic; first for household use and market; Aug.

=Stribling. 1.= _S. C. Sta. Rpt._ 16. 1914.

A seedling believed to be of French origin brought to notice in 1912 by J. C. Stribling, Pendleton, S. C. Considered likely to prove one of the most valuable pears for the South because blight resistant. Fruit large, cordate, sides unequal, base rounded, apex flattened, light yellow, almost entirely covered with light russet; skin smooth, thin, tough, sprinkled with numerous light russet dots, indistinct, large at base, smaller and more numerous at apex; flesh coarse-grained, very juicy, slightly subacid, peculiar pineapple flavor with after nutty effect, rich, distinctive aroma; fair quality; Oct. and Nov.

=Stümplerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:190. 1856.

Supposed to have originated on the shores of Lake Constance between Germany and Switzerland. It was first published in 1805. Fruit small, oval, green changing to light yellow, almost covered with cinnamon-russet; flesh yellowish, dry, becoming mealy, without much flavor; good for kitchen use; Aug.

=Sturges.=