Chapter XVIII: Foreword: , f=or'wurd, n. a preface (9)

HELLENIC, hel-len'ik, or hel-l[=e]'nik, HELLENIAN, hel-l[=e]'ni-an, _adj._ pertaining to the Hellenes or Greeks: Grecian, in art, esp. of the period from the primitive epoch to the Roman supremacy in Greece (beginning 146 B.C.), sometimes only from the time of Alexander the Great (c. 330 B.C.)--the term _Hellenistic_ applying to later times.--_n._ HELL'[=E]NE, an ancient Greek: a subject of the modern kingdom of Greece or Hellas:--_pl._ HELL[=E]'NES, the name of the modern Greeks for themselves.--_v.i._ HELL'ENISE, to conform, or show a tendency to conform, to Greek usages.--_ns._ HELL'ENISM, a Greek idiom: the spirit of the Greek race; HELL'ENIST, one skilled in the Greek language: a Jew who used the Greek language and adopted Greek usages, in opposition to the Hebrews properly so called, whether of Palestine or of the Dispersion, and to the Hellenes or Greeks proper--they are called _Grecians_ in the Authorised, _Grecian Jews_ in the Revised Version.--_adjs._ HELLENIST'IC, -AL, pertaining to the Hellenists: pertaining to Greek with foreign, esp. Aramaic and Hebrew, idioms--a popular dialect which grew up at Alexandria and perpetuated itself in the Septuagint, and to a less marked degree in the New Testament.--_adv._ HELLENIST'ICALLY. [Gr. _Hell[=e]nios_, _Hel[=e]nikos_--_Hell[=e]nes_, a name ultimately given to all the Greeks--_Hell[=e]n_, the son of Deucalion, the Greek Noah.]

HELLICAT, hel'i-kat, _adj._ giddy-headed: flighty.--_n._ (_Scot._) a wicked creature.

HELM, helm, _n._ the instrument by which a ship is steered: the station of management or government.--_v.t._ to direct.--_n._ HELM'AGE, guidance.--_adj._ HELM'LESS, of a ship, without a helm.--_n._ HELMS'MAN, the one who steers. [A.S. _helma_; Ice. _hjálm_, a rudder, Gr. _helm_, a handle.]

HELM, helm, HELMET, hel'met, _n._ a covering of armour for the head: (_bot._) the hooded upper lip of certain flowers.--_adjs._ HELMED, HEL'METED, furnished with a helmet.--_n._ HEL'MET-SHELL, a genus of gasteropods having thick heavy shells with bold ridges: a cameo-shell. [A.S. _helm_--_helan_, to cover; Ger. _helm_.]

HELMINTH, hel'minth, _n._ a worm.--_n._ HELMINTH'AGOGUE, a remedy against worms.--_adj._ HELMIN'THIC, pertaining to worms: (_med._) expelling worms.--_n._ a medicine for expelling worms.--_n._ HELMIN'THITE, a long sinuous mark common on the surfaces of sandstone, and supposed to be the tracks of worms.--_adjs._ HELMIN'THOID, worm-shaped; HELMINTHOLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._ HELMINTHOL'OGIST; HELMINTHOL'OGY, that branch of natural history which treats of worms, or more particularly of the parasitic forms.--_adj._ HELMINTH'OUS. [Gr. _helmins_, -_inthos_, a worm.]

HELOT, h[=e]'lot, or hel'ot, _n._ one of a class of slaves among the ancient Spartans.--_ns._ H[=E]'LOTAGE, the state of a Helot; H[=E]'LOTISM, the condition of the Helots in ancient Sparta: slavery; H[=E]'LOTRY, the whole body of the Helots: any class of slaves. [Gr.; said to be derived from _Helos_, a town in Greece, reduced to slavery by the Spartans.]

HELP, help, _v.t._ to support: to assist: to mitigate: to give means for doing anything: to provide or supply with: to remedy: to prevent, to keep from.--_v.i._ to give assistance: to contribute:--_pa.p._ helped, (_B._) h[=o]lp'en.--_n._ means or strength given to another for a purpose: assistance: relief: one who assists: (_Amer._) a hired servant, esp. a domestic.--_n._ HELP'ER, one who helps: an assistant.--_adj._ HELP'FUL, giving help: useful.--_n._ HELP'FULNESS.--_adj._ HELP'LESS, without help or power in one's self: wanting assistance.--_adv._ HELP'LESSLY.--_ns._ HELP'LESSNESS; HELP'MATE, an assistant: a partner: a wife--also written HELP'MEET, from Gen. ii. 18.--HELP FORWARD, to assist in making progress; HELP OFF, to aid in disposing or getting rid of; HELP ON, to forward, to lift up; HELP OUT, to aid in finishing a task, eking out a supply, &c.; HELP OVER, to enable to surmount; HELP TO, to aid in obtaining for some one; HELP UP, to raise.--GOD HELP HIM, a phrase implying extreme pity or commiseration.--SO HELP ME GOD, a very strong asseveration, implying the willingness of the speaker to let his chance of salvation depend upon his truthfulness. [A.S. _helpan_, pa.t. _healp_, pa.p. _holpen_; Ice. _hjálpa_, Ger. _helfen_, to aid.]

HELTER-SKELTER, hel'ter-skel'ter, _adv._ in a confused hurry: tumultuously.--_n._ a confused medley: disorderly motion.--_adj._ confused.--_n._ HEL'TER-SKEL'TERINESS. [Imit.]

HELVE, helv, _n._ the handle of an axe or hatchet: the handle of a forehammer.--_v.t._ to furnish with a handle, as an axe.--_n._ HELVE'-HAMM'ER, a trip-hammer. [A.S. _hielfe_, _helfe_, a handle.]

HELVETIC, hel-vet'ik, _adj._ pertaining to Switzerland--also HELV[=E]'TIAN.--HELVETIC CONFESSIONS, two confessions of faith drawn up by the Swiss theologians in 1536 and 1566, in substance Protestant, Evangelical, moderately Calvinistic, and Zwinglian. [L.,--_Helvetia_, Latin name of Switzerland.]

HEM, hem, _n._ the border of a garment doubled down and sewed.--_v.t._ to form a hem on: to edge:--_pr.p._ hem'ming; _pa.p._ hemmed.--_n._ HEM'-STITCH, the ornamental finishing of the inner side of a hem, made by pulling out several threads adjoining it and drawing together in groups the cross-threads by successive stitches.--_v.t._ to embroider with such.--HEM IN, to surround. [A.S. _hemm_, a border; Ger. _hamm_, a fence.]

HEM, hem, _n._ and _interj._ a sort of half-cough to draw attention.--_v.i._ to utter the sound _hem!_--_pr.p._ hem'ming; _pa.p._ hemmed. [Imit.]

HEM, hem, (_Spens._) them.

HEMERALOPIA, hem'e-ra-l[=o]'pi-a, _n._ day-blindness, a defect of vision except in artificial or dim light; also applied to night-blindness. [Gr. _h[=e]mera_, a day, _alaos_, blind, _[=o]ps_, the eye.]

HEMIANOPSIA, hem'i-an-op'si-a, _n._ complete or partial blindness as to half the field of vision--also HEMIAN[=O]P'IA, HEMI[=O]'PIA, HEMIOP'SIA, HEM'OPSY.--_adjs._ HEMIANOP'TIC, HEMIOP'IC. [Gr. _h[=e]mi_-, half, _an_-, neg., _opsis_, sight.]

HEMICRANIA, hem-i-kr[=a]'ni-a, _n._ headache confined to one side of the head.--_adj._ HEMICRAN'IC.

HEMICYCLE, hem'i-s[=i]-kl, _n._ a semicircle, a room with seats so arranged. [Fr.,--Gr.]

HEMIHEDRISM, hem-i-h[=e]'drizm, _n._ a property of crystals of being HEMIH[=E]'DRAL, or having half the number of symmetrically arranged planes occurring on a holohedron.--_n._ HEMIH[=E]'DRON. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _hedra_, a seat.]

HEMIOLIC, hem-i-ol'ik, _adj._ constituting the proportion of 1½ to 1, or of 3 to 2. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _holos_, whole.]

HEMIONUS, h[=e]-m[=i]'o-nus, HEMIONE, hem'i-[=o]n, _n._ the half-ass, or dziggetai. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _onos_, an ass.]

HEMIPLEGIA, hem-i-pl[=e]'ji-a, _n._ paralysis of one side of the face or body--also HEM'IPLEGY.--_adj._ HEMIPLEG'IC. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _pl[=e]g[=e]_, a blow.]

HEMIPTERA, hem-ip't[.e]r-a, _n._ an order of _Insecta_, in the classification of Linnæus: in later systems, the same as _Rhyncota_, including aphides, coccus insects, cicadas, bugs, water-scorpions, lice (_Ametabola_).--_n._ HEMIP'TER.--_adjs._ HEMIP'TERAL, HEMIP'TERAN, HEMIP'TEROUS. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _pteron_, a wing.]

HEMISPHERE, hem'i-sf[=e]r, _n._ a half-sphere: half of the globe or a map of it.--_adjs._ HEMISPHER'IC, -AL.--_n._ HEMISPH[=E]'ROID, the half of a spheroid.--_adj._ HEMISPHEROI'DAL.--EASTERN and WESTERN HEMISPHERES, the eastern and western halves of the terrestrial globe, the former including Europe, Asia, and Africa; the latter, the Americas. [Gr. _h[=e]misphairion_--_h[=e]mi-_, half, _sphaira_, a sphere.]

HEMISTICH, hem'i-stik, _n._ one of the two parts of a line of poetry as divided by the cesura: half a line, an incomplete or unfinished line: an epodic line or refrain.--_adj._ HEM'ISTICHAL. [L. _hemistichium_--Gr. _h[=e]mistichion_--_h[=e]mi-_, half, _stichos_, a line.]

HEMITROPE, hem'i-tr[=o]p, _n._ a form in which one part of a crystal is in reverse position with reference to the other part, a twin-crystal.--_adjs._ HEM'ITROPE, HEMIT'ROPAL, HEMITROP'IC, HEMIT'ROPOUS.

HEMLOCK, hem'lok, _n._ a genus of umbelliferous plants, the most common species being the poisonous spotted hemlock, used in medicine. [A.S. _hemlic_, the second syllable a weakened form of _leác_, a plant. Cf. CHARLOCK, GARLIC.]

HEMP, hemp, _n._ a plant with a fibrous bark used for cordage, coarse cloth, &c.: the fibrous rind prepared for spinning.--_adj._ HEMP'EN, made of hemp.--_ns._ HEMP'-NETT'LE, a coarse bristly annual weed of the labiate family; HEMP'-PALM, a palm of China and Japan, the fibre of the leaves of which is much employed for making cordage--hats, cloaks, and other garments are also made from it; HEMP'-SEED, Mrs Quickly's word for homicide (_Shak._, _2 Henry IV._, II. i. 64).--_adj._ HEMP'Y, like hemp: roguish: romping.--_n._ (_Scot._) a rogue.--HEMPEN COLLAR, and CAUDLE (_Shak._), the hangman's noose; HEMPEN WIDOW, the widow of a man who has been hanged. [A.S. _henep_, _hænep_--L. _cannabis_--Gr. _kannabis_.]

HEN, hen, _n._ the female of any bird, esp. of the domestic fowl.--_ns._ HEN'BANE, a coarse annual or biennial herb of the nightshade family, poisonous, esp. to domestic fowls; HEN'COOP, a coop or large cage for domestic fowls; HEN'-DRIV'ER, HEN'-HARR'IER, a species of falcon, the common harrier.--_adj._ HEN'-HEART'ED, timid as a hen: cowardly.--_ns._ HEN'-HOUSE, a house, coop, or shelter for fowls; HEN'-HUSS'Y, a man who meddles with women's affairs; HEN'-MOULD, a black, spongy soil; HEN'NERY, a place where fowls are kept.--_adj._ HEN'NY, like a hen, feathered.--_v.t._ HEN'PECK, of a wife, to domineer over her husband.--_n._ the subjection of a husband to his wife.--_adj._ HEN'PECKED, weakly subject to his wife.--_ns._ HENPECK'ERY, the state of being henpecked; HEN'-ROOST, a place where poultry roost at night; HEN'WIFE, HEN'-WOM'AN, a woman who has the charge of poultry. [A.S. _henn_--_hana_, a cock; Ger. _hahn_, fem. _henne_.]

HENCE, hens, _adv._ from this place or time: in the future: from this cause or reason: from this origin.--_interj._ away! begone!--_advs._ HENCE'FORTH, HENCEFOR'WARD, from this time forth or forward. [M. E. _hennes_, _henne_--A.S. _heonan_, from the base of he; Ger. _hinnen_,_hin_, hence; so L. _hinc_, hence--_hic_, this.]

HENCHMAN, hensh'man, _n._ a servant: a page. [Not from _haunch-man_, but from A.S. _hengest_, a horse (Ger. _hengst_), and man.]

HEND, hend, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to seize, to grasp. [_Hand._]

HENDECAGON, hen-dek'a-gon, _n._ a plane figure of eleven angles and eleven sides.--_adj._ HENDECAG'ONAL. [Gr. _hendeka_, eleven, _g[=o]nia_, an angle.]

HENDECASYLLABLE, hen'dek-a-sil-a-bl, _n._ a metrical line of eleven syllables.--_adj._ HENDECASYLLAB'IC. [Gr. _hendeka_, eleven, _syllab[=e]_, a syllable.]

HENDIADYS, hen-d[=i]'a-dis, _n._ a rhetorical figure in which one and the same notion is presented in two expressions, as 'with might and main'=by main strength. [Gr. _hen dia dyoin_, lit. 'one by two.']

HENEQUEN, hen'[=e]-ken, _n._ a fibre known as sisal-hemp, used for ships' cables, obtained chiefly from _Agave Ixtli_ of Yucatan, also the plant itself.--Also HEN'EQUIN, HEN'IQUIN. [Sp. _jeniquen_.]

HENNA, hen'a, _n._ a small Oriental shrub of the loosestrife family, with fragrant white flowers: a pigment made from the shrub for dyeing the nails and hair. [Ar. _henna_.]

HENOTHEISM, hen'[=o]-th[=e]-izm, _n._ the ascribing of supreme power to some one of several gods in turn: the belief in a special supreme god over a particular people--a national or relative monotheism.--_adj._ HENOTHEIST'IC. [Gr. _heis_ (_hen-_), one, _theos_, god, and suff. _-ism_.]

HENOTIC, hen-ot'ik, _adj._ tending to unify or reconcile. [Gr. _hen[=o]tikos_--_heis_, one.]

HENRY, hen'ri, _n._ (_electr._) the practical unit of self-induction--from Joseph _Henry_, American physicist (1797-1878).

HENT, hent (_Spens._), _pa.t._ of _hend_.--_n._ hold.

HENT, hent, _v.t._ to clear, go beyond. [A.S. _hentan_, to seize.]

HEP, hep, _n._ See _Hip_, the fruit of the dog-rose.

HEP, hep, _interj._ a cry said to come down from the Crusaders' time, often the cry of the mob in an outrage on the Jews--more probably an abbreviation of _Hebrew_ than formed from the initials of _Hierosolyma est perdita_=Jerusalem is destroyed.

HEPAR, h[=e]'par, _n._ the name given by the older chemists to various compounds of sulphur, from their brown, liver-like colour.--_adj._ HEPAT'IC, belonging to the liver.--_ns.pl._ HEPAT'ICA, medicines which affect the liver and its appendages; HEPAT'ICÆ, the liver-worts, a sub-class of bryophytic or moss-like plants.--_n._ HEPATIS[=A]'TION, consolidation of tissue, as of the lungs in pneumonia, resulting in a liver-like solidification.--_v.t._ HEP'ATISE, to convert into a substance resembling liver.--_ns._ HEP'AT[=I]TE, a variety of barium sulphate or barite, with a characteristic stink; HEPAT[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the liver; HEP'ATOCELE, hernia of the liver; HEPATOL'OGIST, a specialist in diseases of the liver; HEPATOL'OGY, the science of, or a treatise on, the liver; HEPATORRHOE'A, a morbid flow of bile; HEPATOS'COPY, divination by inspection of the livers of animals. [Gr. _h[=e]par_, _h[=e]p[)a]tos_, the liver.]

HEPTACHORD, hep'ta-kord, _n._ in Greek music, a diatonic series of seven tones, containing five whole steps and one half-step: an instrument with seven strings.

HEPTADE, hep'tad, _n._ the sum or number of seven: (_chem._) an atom, radical, or element having a combining power of seven. [Fr.,--Gr. _heptas_, _heptados_--_hepta_, seven.]

HEPTAGLOT, hep'ta-glot, _adj._ in seven languages.--_n._ a book in seven languages. [Gr. _heptagl[=o]ttos_--_hepta_, seven, _gl[=o]tta_, _gl[=o]ssa_, tongue.]

HEPTAGON, hep'ta-gon, _n._ a plane figure with seven angles and seven sides.--_adj._ HEPTAG'ONAL. [Gr. _heptag[=o]nos_, seven-cornered--_hepta_, seven, _g[=o]nia_, an angle.]

HEPTAGYNIA, hept-a-jin'i-a, _n._ an order of plants having seven styles.--_adj._ HEPTAG'YNOUS. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _gyn[=e]_, a woman.]

HEPTAHEDRON, hep-ta-h[=e]'dron, _n._ a solid figure with seven faces or sides.--_adjs._ HEPTAH[=E]'DRAL, HEPTAHED'RICAL; HEPTAHEXAH[=E]'DRAL, having seven ranges of faces one above another, each range containing six faces. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _hedr[=a]_, a seat, a base.]

HEPTAMERIDE, hep-tam'e-rid, _n._ anything consisting of seven parts.--_adj._ HEPTAM'EROUS (_bot._), consisting of seven members or parts.

HEPTAMERON, hep'tam-e-ron, _n._ a book containing the transactions of seven days, esp. the 72 stories supposed to be told in seven days, bearing the name of Queen Margaret of Navarre (1492-1549). [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _h[=e]mera_, a day.]

HEPTAMETER, hep'tam-e-t[.e]r, _n._ a verse of seven measures. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _metron_, measure.]

HEPTANDRIA, hept-an'dri-a, _n._ a class of plants having seven stamens.--_adj._ HEPTAN'DROUS. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, an[=e]r, _andros_, a man.]

HEPTANGULAR, hept-ang'g[=u]-lar, _adj._ having seven angles. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, and _angular_.]

HEPTAPHYLLOUS, hep-ta-fil'us, _adj._ having seven leaves.

HEPTAPODY, hep-tap'o-di, _n._ a verse of seven feet.--_adj._ HEPTAPOD'IC.

HEPTARCHY, hep'tär-ki, _n._ a government by seven persons: the country governed by seven: a period in the Saxon history of England--a misleading term in any other meaning than merely this, that the chief kingdoms at various periods from the 5th to the 9th century were seven--Wessex, Sussex, Kent, Essex, East Anglia, Mercia, and Northumbria.--_ns._ HEP'TARCH, HEP'TARCHIST.--_adj._ HEPTAR'CHIC. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _arch[=e]_, sovereignty.]

HEPTASPERMOUS, hep-ta-sper'mus, _adj._ having seven seeds.

HEPTASYLLABIC, hep-ta-si-lab'ik, _adj._ seven-syllabled, like the second half of the elegiac pentameter.

HEPTATEUCH, hep'ta-t[=u]k, _n._ a word sometimes used for the first seven books of the Old Testament--formed on the analogy of Pentateuch and Hexateuch. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _teuchos_, an instrument, a volume.]

HER, h[.e]r, _pron._ objective and possessive case of _she_.--_adj._ belonging to a female. [M. E. _here_--A.S. _hire_, gen. and dat. sing. of _heó_, she.]

HERACLEAN, HERACLEIAN, her-a-kl[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to Hercules.--_adj._ HERACL[=I]'DAN, HERACLEI'DAN, pertaining to the Heracleidæ or descendants of Heracles (Hercules), the aristocracy of Sparta.--_n._ HERACLID', one claiming such descent.

HERALD, her'ald, _n._ in ancient times, an officer who made public proclamations and arranged ceremonies: in medieval times, an officer who had charge of all the etiquette of chivalry, keeping a register of the genealogies and armorial bearings of the nobles: an officer whose duty is to read proclamations, to blazon the arms of the nobility, &c.: a proclaimer: a forerunner: the red-breasted merganser, usually HER'ALD-DUCK.--_v.t._ to introduce, as by a herald: to proclaim.--_adj._ HERAL'DIC, of or relating to heralds or heraldry.--_adv._ HERAL'DICALLY.--_ns._ HER'ALDRY, the art or office of a herald: the science of recording genealogies and blazoning coats of arms; HER'ALDSHIP.--HERALDS' COLLEGE (see COLLEGE). [O. Fr. _herault_; of Teut. origin, Old High Ger. _hari_ (A.S. _here_, Ger. _heer_), an army, and _wald_=_walt_, strength, sway.]

HERB, h[.e]rb, _n._ a plant the stem of which dies every year, as distinguished from a tree or shrub which has a permanent stem.--_adj._ HERB[=A]'CEOUS, pertaining to, or of the nature of, herbs: (_bot._) having a soft stem that dies to the root annually.--_n._ HERBAGE (h[.e]rb'[=a]j, or [.e]rb'[=a]j), green food for cattle: pasture: herbs collectively.--_adjs._ HERB'AGED, covered with grass; HERB'AL, pertaining to herbs.--_n._ a book containing descriptions of plants with medicinal properties, orig. of all plants.--_ns._ HERB'ALIST, one who makes collections of herbs or plants: one skilled in plants; HERB'AR (_Spens._), an herb; HERB[=A]'RIAN, a herbalist; HERB[=A]'RIUM, a classified collection of preserved herbs or plants:--_pl._ HERB[=A]'RIUMS, HERB[=A]'RIA; HERB'ARY, a garden of herbs; HERB'-BENN'ET (see AVENS).--_adjs._ HERBES'CENT, growing into herbs, becoming herbaceous; HERBIF'EROUS, bearing herbs.--_n._ HERB'IST, a herbalist.--_n.pl._ HERBIV'ORA, a name loosely applied to hoofed quadrupeds.--_n.sing._ HERB'IVORE.--_adjs._ HERBIV'OROUS, eating or living on herbaceous plants; HERB'LESS.--_ns._ HERB'LET (_Shak._), a small herb; HERB'-OF-GRACE', or -REPENT'ANCE, the common rue, the vervain; HERBORIS[=A]'TION, the seeking for plants: (_min._) the figure of plants.--_v.i._ HERB'ORISE, to search for plants: to botanise.--V.T. to form plant-like figures in, as in minerals.--_n._ HERB'ORIST, a herbalist.--_adjs._ HERB'OUS, HERB'OSE, abounding with herbs.--_ns._ HERB'-PAR'IS, Paris quadrifolia, related to wake-robin; HERB'-P[=E]'TER, the cowslip or primrose; HERB'-ROB'ERT, a common kind of geranium; HERB'-TRIN'ITY, the pansy.--_adj._ HERB'Y, of or pertaining to herbs. [Fr. _herbe_--L. _herba_, akin to Gr. _phorb[=e]_, pasture--_pherbein_, to feed.]

HERCULANEAN, her-k[=u]-l[=a]'n[=e]-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Herculaneum_, the ancient Roman city buried with Pompeii by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 A.D.

HERCULEAN, h[.e]r-k[=u]'l[=e]-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Hercules_: extremely difficult or dangerous, as the twelve labours of the Greek hero Hercules: of extraordinary strength and size.--HERCULES BEETLE, a gigantic Brazilian lamellicorn beetle, 6 in. long, with a long horn on the head of the male and a smaller one on the thorax; HERCULES' CHOICE, toil and duty chosen in preference to ease and pleasure--from a famous story in Xenophon's _Memorabilia_; HERCULES CLUB, a stick of great size and weight; PILLARS OF HERCULES, the name given by the ancients to two rocks flanking the entrance to the Mediterranean at the Strait of Gibraltar.

HERCYNIAN, her-sin'i-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to the forest-covered mountain region of northern Germany--apart the Harz Mountains.

HERD, h[.e]rd, _n._ a number of beasts feeding together, and watched or tended: any collection of beasts, as distinguished from a flock: a company of people, the rabble.--_v.i._ to run in herds.--_v.t._ to tend, as a herdsman.--_ns._ HERD, one who tends a herd; HERD'GROOM (_Spens._), a shepherd-lad; HERDS'-GRASS, timothy-grass; HERDS'MAN, a man employed to herd or tend cattle--(_B._) HERD'MAN. [A.S. _hirde_, _hierde_; Ger. _heerde_, Sw. _hjord_.]

HERDIC, her'dik, _n._ a low-hung two or four wheeled carriage with back entrance and side seats. [From the inventor, Peter _Herdic_ of Pennsylvania.]

HERE, h[=e]r, _adv._ in this place: in the present life or state.--_advs._ HERE'ABOUT, also -ABOUTS, about this place; HEREAF'TER, after this, in some future time or state.--_n._ a future state.--_advs._ HERE'AT, at or by reason of this; HERE'AWAY (_coll._), hereabout; HEREBY', not far off: by this; HEREIN', in this: in regard to this; HEREINAF'TER, afterward in this (document, &c.):--opp. to HEREINBEFORE'; HEREOF', of this: as a result of this; HEREON', on or upon this; HERETO', till this time: for this object; HERETOFORE', before this time: formerly; HEREUNTO' (also -UN'-), to this point or time; HEREUPON', on this: in consequence of this; HEREWITH', with this.--HERE AND THERE, in this place, and then in that: thinly: irregularly; HERE GOES! an exclamation indicating that the speaker is about to do something; HERE YOU ARE (_coll._), this is what you want; NEITHER HERE NOR THERE, of no special importance. [A.S. _hér_, from base of _hé_, he; Dut. and Ger. _hier_, Sw. _här_.]

HEREDITY, he-red'i-ti, _n._ the organic relation between generations, esp. between parents and offspring: the transmission of qualities from the parents or ancestors to their offspring.--_adj._ HERED'ITABLE, that may be inherited.--_ns._ HEREDIT'AMENT, all property of whatever kind that may pass to an heir.--_adv._ HERED'ITARILY.--_n._ HERED'ITARINESS, the quality of being hereditary.--_adj._ HERED'ITARY, descending by inheritance: transmitted from parents to their offspring. [L. _hereditas_, the state of an heir--_heres_, _her[=e]dis_, an heir.]

HERESY, her'e-si, _n._ the adoption and maintaining opinions contrary to the authorised teaching of the religious community to which one naturally belongs: an opinion adopted for one's self in opposition to the usual belief: heterodoxy.--_ns._ HERESIARCH (her'e-si-ärk, or he-r[=e]'zi-ärk), a leader in heresy, a chief among heretics; HERESIOG'RAPHER, one who writes about heresies; HERESIOG'RAPHY, a treatise on heresies; HERESIOL'OGIST, a student of, or writer on, heresies; HERESIOL'OGY, the study or the history of heresies; HER'ETIC, the upholder of a heresy.--_adj._ HERET'ICAL.--_adv._ HERET'ICALLY.--_v.t._ HERET'ICATE, to denounce as heretical. [O. Fr. _heresie_--L. _hæresis_--Gr. _hairesis_--_hairein_, to take.]

HERIOT, her'i-ot, _n._ (_Eng. law_) a kind of fine due to the lord of a manor on the death of a person holding land of the manor, and consisting of the best beast, jewel, or chattel that belonged to the deceased.--_adj._ HER'IOTABLE. [A.S. _heregeatu_, a military preparation--_here_, an army, _geatwe_, apparatus.]

HERISSON, her'i-son, _n._ a beam turning on a pivot and supplied with sharp spikes, for the defence of a gate, &c.: (_her._) a hedgehog.--_adj._ HÉRISSÉ, bristled. [A doublet of _urchin_.]

HERITABLE, her'i-ta-bl, _adj._ that may be inherited.--_n._ HERITABIL'ITY.--_adv._ HER'ITABLY.--_n._ HER'ITOR, in Scotland, a landholder in a parish.--HERITABLE PROPERTY (_Scots law_), real property, as opposed to movable property or chattels; HERITABLE SECURITY, same as English mortgage. [O. Fr. _heritable_, _hereditable_---Low L. _hereditabilis_--L. _hereditas_.]

HERITAGE, her'it-[=a]j, _n._ that which is inherited: inherited lot, condition of one's birth: (_B._) the children (of God). [O. Fr. _heritage_, _heriter_--Late L. _heredit[=a]re_, to inherit.]

HERLING, her'ling, _n._ the young of the sea-trout.

HERMÆ. See HERMES.

HERMANDAD, [.e]r-man-dad', _n._ a confederation of the entire burgher class of Spain for police and judicial purposes, formed in 1282, and formally legalised in 1485. [Sp., 'brotherhood,' _hermano_--L. _germanus_, kindred.]

HERMAPHRODITE, h[.e]r-maf'rod-[=i]t, _n._ an animal or a plant in which the two sexual characteristics are united: an abnormal individual in whom are united the properties of both sexes.--_adj._ uniting the distinctions of both sexes.--_ns._ HERMAPH'RODISM, HERMAPH'RODITISM, the union of the two sexes in one body.--_adjs._ HERMAPHRODIT'IC, -AL, pertaining to a hermaphrodite: partaking of both sexes.--HERMAPHRODITE BRIG, a brig square-rigged forward and schooner-rigged aft. [L.,--Gr. _Hermaphrod[=i]tos_, the son of _Herm[=e]s_ and _Aphrodit[=e]_, who, when bathing, grew together with the nymph Salmacis into one person.]

HERMENEUTIC, -AL, h[.e]r-me-n[=u]'tik, -al, _adj._ interpreting: explanatory: exigetical.--_adv._ HERMENEU'TICALLY.--_n.sing._ HERMENEU'TICS, the science of interpretation or exegesis, esp. of the Scriptures.--_n._ HERMENEU'TIST, one versed in hermeneutics. [Gr. _herm[=e]neu'tikos_--_herm[=e]neus_, an interpreter, from _Herm[=e]s_, Mercury, the god of art and eloquence.]

HERMES, h[.e]r'm[=e]z, _n._ the herald and messenger of the gods of Greek mythology, patron of herdsmen, arts, and thieves: a head or bust on a square base, often double-faced:--_pl._ HERMÆ (her'm[=e]): the Egyptian Thoth, identified with the Greek Hermes.

HERMETIC, -AL, h[.e]r-met'ik, -al, _adj._ belonging in any way to the the beliefs current in the Middle Ages under the name of _Hermes_, the Thrice Great: belonging to magic or alchemy, magical: perfectly close.--_adv._ HERMET'ICALLY.--_n.pl._ HERMET'ICS, the philosophy wrapped up in the Hermetic books, esoteric science: alchemy.--HERMETICALLY SEALED, closed completely, said of a glass vessel, the opening of which is closed by melting the glass. [From _Herm[=e]s Trismegistos_, Hermes 'the thrice-greatest,' the Greek name for the Egyptian god Thoth, who was god of science, esp. alchemy.]

HERMIT, h[.e]r'mit, _n._ one who retires from society and lives in solitude or in the desert for purposes of devotion: one of certain animals of solitary habit.--_ns._ HER'MIT[=A]GE, HER'MITARY, the dwelling of a hermit: a retired abode: a wine produced near Valence, in Drôme; HER'MIT-CRAB, the name of a family of crustaceans notable for their habit of sheltering themselves in gasteropod shells.--_adj._ HERMIT'ICAL, relating to a hermit. [M. E. _eremite_, through Fr. and L. from Gr. _er[=e]mit[=e]s_--_er[=e]mos_, solitary.]

HERN. Same as HERON.

HERN, a provincial form for _hers_.

HERNIA, h[.e]r'ni-a, _n._ a protrusion, through an abnormal or accidental opening, of the abdominal viscera, the condition popularly called _rupture_.--_adjs._ HER'NIAL; HER'NIATED; HER'NIOID.--_ns._ HERNIOL'OGY, the branch of surgery which treats of ruptures; HERNIOT'OMY, the operation of cutting for hernia. [L.]

HERNSHAW, h[.e]rn'shaw, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as HERONSHAW.

HERO, h[=e]'r[=o], _n._ a man of distinguished bravery: any illustrious person: the principal figure in any history or work of fiction: (_orig._) a demigod:--_fem._ HEROINE (her'[=o]-in).--_adj._ HER[=O]'IC, becoming a hero: courageous: illustrious: daring, rash.--_n._ a heroic verse: (_pl._) extravagant phrases, bombast.--_adj._ HER[=O]'ICAL.--_adv._ HER[=O]'ICALLY--(_Milt._) HER[=O]'ICLY.--_ns._ HER[=O]'ICALNESS, HER[=O]'ICNESS.--_adjs._ HER[=O]'ICOMIC, -AL, consisting of a mixture of heroic and comic: designating the high burlesque.--_ns._ HER'OISM, the qualities of a hero: courage: boldness; H[=E]'ROSHIP, the state of being a hero; H[=E]'RO-WOR'SHIP, the worship of heroes: excessive admiration of great men.--HEROIC AGE, the semi-mythical period of Greek history, when the heroes or demigods were represented to have lived among men; HEROIC MEDICINES, such as either kill or cure; HEROIC SIZE, in sculpture, larger than life, but less than colossal; HEROIC VERSE, the style of verse in which the exploits of heroes are celebrated (in classical poetry, the hexameter; in English and German, the iambic of ten syllables; in French, the alexandrine). [Through O. Fr. and L. from Gr. _h[=e]r[=o]s_; akin to L. _vir_, A.S. _wer_, a man, Sans. _víra_, a hero.]

HERODIANS, he-r[=o]'di-ans, _n.pl._ a political rather than religious party among the Jews of the apostolic age, adherents of the family of _Herod_. Herod was represented as a swaggering tyrant in the old dramatic performances--hence 'to out-herod Herod' (_Shak._)--to exceed in bombast and passionate grandiloquence.

HERON, her'un, _n._ a large screaming water-fowl, with long legs and neck.--_n._ HER'ONRY, a place where herons breed. [O. Fr. _hairon_--Old High Ger. _heigir_.]

HERONSHAW, her'un-shaw, _n._ a young heron. [Properly _heronswewe_ (O. Fr. _herounçel_), which was confounded with the old form _hernshaw_, a heronry, from _heron_, and _shaw_, a wood.]

HERPES, h[.e]r'p[=e]z, _n._ the name of a group of diseases of the skin, characterised by the presence of clusters of vesicles on an inflamed base--_Catarrhal herpes_ and _Herpes zoster_ or _Shingles_.--_adj._ HERPET'IC, relating to or resembling herpes: creeping. [Gr. _herp[=e]s_--_herpein_, to creep.]

HERPESTES, her-pes'tez, _n._ the typical genus of ichneumons or mongooses of the sub-family _Herpestinæ_, viverroid carnivores, having straight toes, claws not retractile. [Gr.]

HERPETOLOGY, her-pet-ol'oj-i, _n._ the branch of natural history which treats of reptiles.--_adjs._ HER'PETOID, serpent-like; HERPETOLOG'IC, -AL, pertaining to herpetology.--_adv._ HERPETOLOG'ICALLY.--_n._ HERPETOL'OGIST, one versed in herpetology.

HERR, her, _n._ lord, master, the German term of address equivalent to Mr. [Ger.]

HERRING, her'ing, _n._ a common small sea-fish of great commercial value, found moving in great shoals or multitudes.--_adj._ HERR'ING-BONE, like the spine of a herring, applied to a kind of masonry in which the stones slope in different directions in alternate rows.--_ns._ HERR'INGER, one whose employment is to catch herring; HERR'ING-FISH'ERY; HERR'ING-POND, the ocean, esp. the Atlantic or the English Channel.--HERRING-BONE STITCH, a kind of cross-stitch used in embroidery, in mending sails, &c.--KIPPERED HERRING, herring smoked and preserved; RED HERRING, herring cured and dried, and having as the result a red appearance. [A.S. _h['æ]ring_, _héring_; cf. Ger. _häring_, _heer_.]

HERRNHUTER, hern'hut-[.e]r, _n._ one of the Moravians or United Brethren, so called from their settlement in 1722 at _Herrnhut_ in Saxony.

HERRY, a Scotch form of _harry_.--_n._ HERR'YMENT, harassment.

HERS, h[.e]rz, _pron._ possessive of _she_.

HERSAL, h[.e]r'sal, _n._ (_Spens._) rehearsal.

HERSE, h[.e]rs, _n._ (_fort._) a portcullis: a species of cheval-de-frise.--_adj._ HERSED, arranged in harrow form. [_Hearse_.]

HERSELF, h[.e]r-self', _pron._ the emphatic form of _she_ in the nominative or objective case: in her real character: having the command of her facilities, sane.

HERSHIP, h[.e]r'ship, _n._ the carrying off of cattle: (_Scot._) foray. [_Here_, army, or stem of A.S. _herjan_, to harry; cf. Ice. _herskapr_, warfare--_herr_, army, and _-skapr_, -ship.]

HERY, h[=e]'ri, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to praise, to regard as holy. [A.S. _herian_, to praise.]

HESITATE, hez'i-t[=a]t, _v.i._ to stop in making a decision: to be in doubt: to stammer.--_v.t._ (_rare_) to express with hesitation.--_ns._ HES'ITANCY, HESIT[=A]'TION, wavering: doubt: stammering.--_adj._ HES'ITAN'T, hesitating.--_adv._ HES'IT[=A]TINGLY.--_adj._ HES'IT[=A]TIVE, showing hesitation.--_n._ HES'IT[=A]TOR, one who hesitates.--_adj._ HES'IT[=A]TORY, hesitating. [L. _hæsit[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, freq. of _hær[=e]re_, _hæsum_, to stick.]

HESPER, hes'p[.e]r, HESPERUS, hes'p[.e]r-us, _n._ the Greek name for Venus as the evening-star.--_adj._ HESP[=E]'RIAN, of Hesperus or the west. [L.,--Gr. _hesperos_, evening.]

HESPERIDES, hes-per'[=i]-d[=e]z, _n.pl._ the name of the three sisters who guarded in their delightful gardens the golden apples which Hera, on her marriage with Zeus, had received from Gæa.

HESPERORNIS, hes-per-[=o]r'nis, _n._ an extinct form of bird, the remains of which have been met with in the American cretaceous deposits. [Gr. _hesperos_, western, _ornis_, a bird.]

HESSIAN, hesh'i-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to Hesse.--_n._ a native of Hesse: (_pl._) short for HESSIAN BOOTS, a kind of long boots first worn by Hessian troops.--HESSIAN FLY, a dipterous insect, in its larval state attacking stems of barley, wheat, and rye. [From _Hesse_, a grand-duchy of the German Empire.]

HEST, hest, _n._ (_Shak._) behest, command. [A.S. _h['æ]s_, a command--_hátan_, to command.]

HESTERNAL, hes-ter'nal, _adj._ of yesterday.

HESVAN, hes'van, _n._ the second month of the Jewish civil year.--Also HESH'VAN. [Heb.]

HESYCHAST, hes'i-kast, _n._ one of a mystic and contemplative sect of the Greek Church in the 14th century, whose members may be described as the Quietists of the East.--_n._ HES'YCHASM, their doctrines and practice. [Gr. _h[=e]sychast[=e]s_--_h[=e]sychos_, quiet.]

HETÆRA, he-t[=e]'ra, HETAIRA, he-t[=i]'ra, _n._ in Greece, a woman employed in public or private entertainment, as flute-playing, dancing, &c.: a paramour or courtesan.--_ns._ HETÆ'RISM, HETAIRISM (-t[=i]'), concubinage, open commerce between the sexes; HETÆROC'RACY, the rule of courtesans.--_n._ HETAI'RIST, one who practises hetærism.--adj. HETAIRIST'IC. [Gr. _hetaira_, fem. of _hetairos_, a companion.]

HETERARCHY, het'e-rär-ki, _n._ foreign rule.

HETERAUXESIS, het-e-rawk-s[=e]'sis, _n._ (_bot._) irregular or unsymmetrical growth.

HETEROBLASTIC, het-er-o-blas'tik, _adj._ derived from different cells:--opposed to _Homoblastic_. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _blastos_, bud, germ.]

HETEROCARPOUS, het-e-ro-kar'pus, _adj._ (_bot._) bearing fruit of two sorts.

HETEROCERCAL, het-er-o-s[.e]r'kal, _adj._ having the upper fork of the tail different from or longer than the lower, as the shark:--opposed to _Homocercal_.--_n._ HET'EROCERCY. [Gr. _heteros_, different from, _kerkos_, the tail.]

HETEROCHROMOUS, het-e-ro-kr[=o]'mus, _adj._ (_bot._) having different members unlike in colour.

HETEROCHRONY, het-e-rok'ro-ni, _n._ (_biol._) a divergence in ontogenetic sequence affecting the time of formation of parts or organs--also HETEROCHR[=O]'NIA.--_adj._ HETEROCHRON'IC.--_n._ HETEROCH'RONISM.--_adjs._ HETEROCHRONIST'IC; HETEROCH'RONOUS.

HETEROCLITE, het'er-o-kl[=i]t, _adj._ irregularly inflected: irregular--also HETEROCLIT'IC, -AL.--_n._ HET'EROCL[=I]TE, a word irregularly inflected: anything irregular.--_adj._ HETEROC'LITOUS. [Gr. _heteroklitos_--_heteros_, other, _klitos_, inflected--_klinein_, to inflect.]

HETERODACTYL, het-e-ro-dak'til, _adj._ having the digits irregular or peculiar in size, form, or position.--Also HETERODAC'TYLOUS.

HETERODONT, het'er-o-dont, _adj._ having different kinds of teeth:--opposed to _Homodont_.--_n.pl._ HETERODONT'A, an order of bivalves with hinge-teeth (cardinal and lateral) fitting into corresponding cavities in the opposite valve. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _odous_, _odont-_, a tooth.]

HETERODOX, het'er-o-doks, _adj._ holding an opinion other or different from the one generally received, esp. in theology: heretical.--_n._ HET'ERODOXY, heresy. [Gr. _heterodoxos_--_heteros_, other, _doxa_, an opinion--_dokein_, to think.]

HETEROECISM, het-e-r[=e]'sizm, _n._ the development, as of some parasitic fungi, of different stages of existence on different host-plants.--_adjs._ HETEROE'CIOUS, HETEROECIS'MAL. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _oikos_, a house.]

HETEROGAMOUS, het-e-rog'a-mus, _adj._ (_bot._) bearing two kinds of flowers which differ sexually, as in most Compositæ, &c.--_n._ HETEROG'AMY. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _gamos_, marriage.]

HETEROGENEOUS, het-er-o-j[=e]'ne-us, _adj._ of another race or kind: dissimilar: composed of different kinds or parts--also HETEROG[=E]N'EAL (_rare_):--opposed to _Homogeneous_.--_ns._ HETEROGEN[=E]'ITY, HETEROG[=E]N'EOUSNESS.--_adv._ HETEROG[=E]N'EOUSLY. [Gr. _heterogen[=e]s_--_heteros_, other, _genos_, a kind.]

HETEROGENESIS, het-er-[=o]-gen'e-sis, _n._ (_biol._) spontaneous generation, abiogenesis: generation in which the offspring differs in structure and habit from the parent animal or plant, the ancestral characteristics, however, ultimately reappearing--_Xenogenesis_ and _Alternate generation_ are other names--also HETEROG'ENY.--_adj._ HETEROGENET'IC. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _genesis_, generation.]

HETEROGONOUS, het-e-rog'[=o]-nus, _adj._ (_bot._) having flowers dimorphous or trimorphous as to the relative length of stamens and styles, an adaptation for cross-fertilisation. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _gonos_, generation.]

HETEROGRAPHY, het-e-rog'ra-fi, _n._ heterogeneous spelling.--_adj._ HETEROGRAPH'IC.

HETEROLOGY, het-er-ol'oj-i, _n._ abnormality, want of true morphological affinity.--_adj._ HETEROL'OGOUS. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _logia_, relation.]

HETEROMEROUS, het-e-rom'e-rus, _adj._ diversiform. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _meros_, a part.]

HETEROMORPHIC, het-e-ro-mor'fik, _adj._ deviating in form from a given type--also HETEROMOR'PHOUS.--_ns._ HETEROMOR'PHISM; HETEROMOR'PHY. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _morph[=e]_, form.]

HETERONOMOUS, het-er-on'o-mus, _adj._ differentiated from a common type: subject to the rule of another.--_n._ HETERON'OMY, subordination to law imposed by another:--opposed to _Autonomy_. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _nomos_, law.]

HETERONYM, het'er-o-nim, _n._ a word spelled like another, but with a different sound and meaning, as _lead_, to guide; _lead_, the metal.--_adj._ HETERON'YMOUS.--_n._ HETERON'YMY. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _onoma_, a name.]

HETEROÖUSIAN. See HETEROUSIAN.

HETEROPATHY, het-e-rop'a-thi, _n._ allopathy.--_adj._ HETEROPATH'IC.

HETEROPHEMY, het-e-ro-f[=e]'mi, _n._ the saying of one thing when another is meant.--_v.i._ HETEROPH[=E]'MISE.--_ns._ HETEROPH[=E]'MISM; HETEROPH[=E]'MIST.--_adj._ HETEROPHEMIS'TIC. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _ph[=e]m[=e]_, a saying.]

HETEROPHYLLOUS, het'er-o-fil'us, _adj._ (_bot._) having two different kinds of leaves on the same stem. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _phyllon_, a leaf.]

HETEROPLASIA, het-e-ro-pl[=a]'si-a, _n._ the development of abnormal tissue by diseased action.--_adj._ HETEROPLAS'TIC.--_n._ HETEROPLAS'TY. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _plasis_, a forming.]

HETEROPODA, het-er-op'o-da, _n.pl._ pelagic gasteropods in which the 'foot' has become a swimming organ.--n. HET'EROPOD, one of the Heteropoda. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _pous_, _podos_, a foot.]

HETEROPTERA, het-e-rop'te-ra, _n.pl._ a sub-order of _Hemiptera_.--_adj._ HETEROP'TEROUS. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _pteron_, a wing.]

HETEROPTICS, het-e-rop'tiks, _n._ perverted vision. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _optikos_, optic]

HETEROSCIAN, het-e-rosh'i-an, _adj._ and _n._ pertaining to a person living on one side of the equator, as contrasted with one living on the other side. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _skia_, a shadow.]

HETEROSOMATA, het-e-ro-s[=o]'ma-ta, _n.pl._ the flat-fishes.--_adj._ HETEROS[=O]'MATOUS. [Gr. _heteros_, different, _s[=o]ma_, pl. _s[=o]mata_, a body.]

HETEROSPOROUS, het-e-ro-sp[=o]'rus, _adj._ having more than one kind of asexually produced spores. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _sporos_, seed.]

HETEROSTROPHIC, het-e-r[=o]-strof'ik, _adj._ reversed in direction.--_n._ HETEROS'TROPHY. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _stroph[=e]_, a turning.]

HETEROSTYLED, het'e-r[=o]-st[=i]ld, _adj._ same as HETEROGONOUS (q.v.).--_n._ HETEROSTYL'ISM. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _stylos_, a pillar.]

HETEROTAXIS, het-er-o-tak'sis, _n._ anomalous arrangement of organs.--_adj._ HETEROTAX'IC. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _taxis_, arrangement.]

HETEROTOMOUS, het-er-ot'o-mus, _adj._ (_min._) having a cleavage different from the common variety. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _tom[=e]_, a cutting.]

HETEROTOPY, het-e-rot'o-pi, _n._ misplacement.--_adj._ HETEROT'OPOUS. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _topos_, place.]

HETEROTROPHY, het-e-rot'rof-i, _n._ (_bot._) an abnormal mode of obtaining nutrition. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _troph[=e]_, food.]

HETEROUSIAN, het'e-r[=oo]-zi-an, _n._ and _adj._ one who believes the Father and Son to be unlike in substance or essence:--opposed to _Homoöusian_: an Arian.--Also HETEROÖU'SIAN. [Gr. _heteros_, other, _ousia_, substance, _einai_, to be.]

HETMAN, het'man, _n._ the title of the head or general of the Cossacks. [Russ.]

HEUGH, HEUCH, h[=u]h, _n._ (_Scot._) a crag, a glen with steep sides. [See HOW, a hill.]

HEULANDITE, h[=u]'lan-d[=i]t, _n._ a mineral of the zeolite group--from H. _Heuland_, an English mineralogist.

HEURISTIC, h[=u]-ris'tik, _adj._ serving to find out.--_n._ the art of discovery in logic: the method in education by which the pupil is set to find out things for himself. [From the root of Gr. _heuriskein_, to find; also spelt _euriskein_. See EUREKA.]

HEW, h[=u], _v.t._ to cut with any sharp instrument: to cut in pieces: to shape.--_v.i._ to deal blows with a cutting instrument:--_pa.p._ hewed, or hewn.--_n._ (_Spens._) hacking.--_n._ HEW'ER, one who hews. [A.S. _héawan_; Ger. _hauen_.]

HEXACHORD, hek'sa-kord, _n._ a diatonic series of six notes, having a semitone between the third and fourth. [Gr. _hex_, six, _chord[=e]_, a string.]

HEXAD, hek'sad, _n._ a series of six numbers: (_chem._) an element or radical with the combining power of six units--i.e. of six atoms of hydrogen.

HEXADACTYLOUS, hek-sa-dak'ti-lus, _adj._ having six fingers or toes.--_n._ HEXADAC'TYLISM.

HEXAËMERON, hek-sa-[=e]'me-ron, _n._ a period of six days, esp. that of the creation, according to Genesis: a history of the six days of creation. [Late Gr. _hexa[=e]meros_--_hex_, six, _h[=e]mera_, a day.]

HEXAGON, heks'a-gon, _n._ a figure with six sides and six angles.--_adj._ HEXAG'ONAL.--_adv._ HEXAG'ONALLY.--_v.t._ HEX'AGONISE. [Gr. _hexag[=o]non_--_hex_, six, _g[=o]nia_, an angle.]

HEXAGYNIA, hek-sa-jin'i-a, _n._ in the Linnæan system an order of plants having six styles.--_adjs._ HEXAGYN'IAN, HEXAG'YNOUS.

HEXAHEDRON, heks-a-h[=e]'dron, _n._ a cube, a regular solid with six sides or faces, each of these being a square.--_adj._ HEXAH[=E]'DRAL. [Gr. _hex_, six, _hedra_, a base.]

HEXAMETER, hek-sam'et-[.e]r, _n._ a verse of six measures or feet, the first four dactyls or spondees, the fifth a dactyl (sometimes a spondee), the sixth a spondee or trochee.--_adj._ having six metrical feet.--_adjs._ HEXAMET'RIC, -AL.--_n._ HEXAM'ETRIST, a writer of hexameters. [L.,--Gr. _hex_, six, _metron_, a measure.]

HEXANDRIA, heks-an'dri-a, _n._ a Linnæan class of plants having six stamens.--_adj._ HEXAN'DRIAN. [Gr. _hex_, six, _an[=e]r_, _andros_, a man, male.]

HEXANGULAR, hek-sang'g[=u]-lar, _adj._ having six angles.

HEXAPETALOUS, hek-sa-pet'a-lus, _adj._ having six petals.

HEXAPHYLLOUS, hek-sa-fil'us, _adj._ having six leaves or leaflets. [Gr. _hex_, six, _phyllon_, a leaf.]

HEXAPLA, heks'a-pla, _n._ an edition of the Bible in six versions, as that made by Origen of the Old Testament.--_adj._ HEX'APLAR. [Gr. _hexapla_, pl. neut. of _hexaplous_, sixfold.]

HEXAPOD, heks'a-pod, _n._ an animal with six feet.--_n._ HEXAP'ODY, a line or verse of six feet. [Gr. _hexapous_, _-podos_--_hex_, six, _pous_, a foot.]

HEXASTICH, heks'a-stik, _n._ a poem or stanza of six lines. [Gr. _hexastichos_--_hex_, six, _stichos_, a line.]

HEXASTYLE, heks'a-st[=i]l, _adj._ having six columns, of a portico or temple having six columns in front. [Gr. _hexastylos_--_hex_, six, _stylos_, a pillar.]

HEXATEUCH, heks'a-t[=u]k, _n._ the first six books of the Old Testament.--_adj._ HEX'ATEUCHAL. [From Gr. _hex_, six, and _teuchos_, a book.]

HEY, h[=a], _interj._ expressive of joy or interrogation.--_interj._ HEY'DAY, expressive of frolic, exultation, or wonder.--_n._ exaltation of the spirits: the wild gaiety of youth: period of fullest vigour.--_n._ HEY'DEGUY (_Spens._), a country dance or round.--_interjs._ HEY'-GO-MAD, expressing a high degree of excitement; HEY'-PASS (_Milt._), an expression used by jugglers during their performance. [Imit.]

HEYDUCK. See HAIDUK.

HI! h[=i], _interj._ expressing wonder or derision, or calling attention.

HIATUS, h[=i]-[=a]'tus, _n._ a gap: an opening: a chasm: a break in continuity, a defect: (_gram._) a concurrence of vowel sounds in two successive syllables. [L.,--_hi[=a]re_, _hi[=a]tum_, to gape.]

HIBERNATE, h[=i]'b[.e]r-n[=a]t, _v.i._ to winter: to pass the winter in torpor: to live in seclusion.--_ns._ HIBER'NACLE, a winter covering; HIBERNAC'ULUM, any part of a plant protecting an embryonic organ during the winter.--_adj._ HIBER'NAL, belonging to winter: wintry.--_n._ HIBERN[=A]'TION, the state of torpor in which many animals pass the winter. [L. _hibern[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_hibernus_, wintry--_hiems_, winter.]

HIBERNIAN, h[=i]-b[.e]r'ni-an, _adj._ relating to Hibernia or Ireland.--_n._ an Irishman.--_ns._ HIBER'NIANISM, HIBER'NICISM, an Irish idiom or peculiarity.--_adv._ HIBER'NICALLY.--_v.t._ HIBER'NIC[=I]SE, to render Irish.--_n._ HIBERNIS[=A]'TION, a making Irish. [L. _Hibernia_, Ireland.]

HIBISCUS, h[=i]-bis'kus, _n._ a genus of malvaceous plants, mostly tropical. [L.,--Gr. _hibiscos_, mallow.]

HIC, hik, _interj._ a syllable expressing the sound made by one affected with a drunken hiccup.

HICCATEE, HICATEE, hik-a-t[=e]', _n._ a fresh-water tortoise of Central America.

HICCUP, hik'up, _n._ the involuntary contraction of the diaphragm, while the glottis is spasmodically closed: the sound caused by this--also, but erroneously, HIC'COUGH.--_v.i._ to be affected with hiccup.--_v.t._ to say with a hiccup:--_pr.p._ hicc'upping; _pa.p._ hicc'upped.--_adj._ HICC'UPY, marked by hiccups. [Imit.; cf. Dut. _hik_, Dan. _hikke_, Bret. _hik_. The spelling _hiccough_ is due to a confusion with _cough_.]

HICKORY, hik'or-i, _n._ a genus (_Carva_) of North American nut-bearing trees, with heavy strong tenacious wood, used for shafts of carriages, handles of axes, &c. [_Pohickery_; of Indian origin.]

HICKWALL, hik'-wal, _n._ (_prov._) the green woodpecker.

HID, HIDDEN. See HIDE.

HIDALGO, hi-dal'g[=o], _n._ a Spanish nobleman of the lowest class.--_adj._ HIDAL'GOISH.--_n._ HIDAL'GOISM. [Sp., _hijo de algo_, 'the son of something.']

HIDE, h[=i]d, _v.t._ to conceal: to keep in safety.--_v.i._ to lie concealed:--_pa.t._ hid; _pa.p._ hid'den, hid.--_adj._ HID'DEN, concealed: unknown.--_adv._ HID'DENLY, in a hidden or secret manner: privily--(_Scot._) HID'LINS.--_adj._ HID'DENMOST, most hidden.--_n._ HID'DENNESS.--_ns._ HIDE'-AND-SEEK', a children's game, where one seeks the others who have hid themselves; HIDE'AWAY, a fugitive.--_adj._ that hides away.--_n._ HID'ING, a place of concealment [A.S. _hýdan_, to hide; cf. Low Ger. _hûden_, Gr. _keuthein_.]

HIDE, h[=i]d, _n._ the skin of an animal, esp. the larger animals, sometimes used derogatorily for human skin.--_v.t._ to flog or whip.--_adj._ HIDE'-BOUND, having the hide closely bound to the body, as in animals: in trees, having the bark so close that it impedes the growth: stubborn, bigoted, obstinate.--_n._ HID'ING, a thrashing. [A.S. _hýd_; Ger. _haut_, L. _cutis_.]

HIDE, h[=i]d, _n._ in old English law, a certain area of land, from 60 to 100 acres.--_n._ HID'AGE, a tax once assessed on every hide of land. [A.S. _híd_, contracted from _hígid_--_híw-_, _híg-_, household.]

HIDEOUS, hid'e-us, _adj._ frightful: horrible: ghastly.--_ns._ HIDEOS'ITY, HID'EOUSNESS.--_adv._ HID'EOUSLY. [O. Fr. _hideus_, _hisdos_--_hide_, _hisde_, dread, prob.--L. _hispidus_, rough, rude.]

HIDROTIC, hid-rot'ik, _adj._ sudorific.--_n._ a sudorific.

HIE, h[=i], _v.i._ to hasten.--_v.t._ to urge on: pass quickly over:--_pr.p._ hie'ing; _pa.p._ hied. [A.S. _hígian_.]

HIE, HIGH, h[=i], _n._ (_prov._) the call to a horse to turn to the left:--opposite of HUP.

HIELAMAN, h[=i]'la-man, _n._ the native Australian narrow shield of bark or wood.

HIEMS, h[=i]'emz, _n._ (_Shak._) winter.--_adj._ H[=I]'EMAL.--_v.t._ H[=I]'EMATE.--_n._ HIEM[=A]'TION, hibernation. [L.]

HIERACOSPHINX, h[=i]-er-[=a]'ko-sfingks, _n._ See SPHINX.

HIERA-PICRA, h[=i]'e-ra-pik'ra, _n._ a purgative drug from aloes and canella bark.--Also _Hickery-pickery_, _Higry-pigry_. [Gr. _hiera_, fem. of _hieros_, sacred, _pikra_, fem. of _pikros_, bitter.]

HIERARCH, h[=i]'[.e]r-ärk, _n._ a ruler in sacred matters.--_adjs._ HI'ERARCHAL, HIERARCH'ICAL.--_adv._ HIERARCH'ICALLY.--_ns._ H[=I]'ERARCHISM; H[=I]'ERARCHY, rule in sacred matters: persons that so rule: the body of the clergy: a government by priests: a series of successive terms of different rank; HIEROC'RACY, government by priests.--CELESTIAL HIERARCHY, the collective body of angels, grouped in three divisions and nine orders of different power and glory: (1) seraphim, cherubim, thrones; (2) dominations or dominions, virtues, powers; (3) principalities, archangels, angels. [Gr. _hierarch[=e]s_--_hieros_, sacred, _archein_, to rule.]

HIERATIC, h[=i]-[.e]r-at'ik, _adj._ sacred: relating to priests, applying to a certain kind of ancient Egyptian writing, which consisted of abridged forms of hieroglyphics; also to certain styles in art. [L. _hieraticus_--Gr. _hieratikos_--_hieros_, sacred.]

HIEROGLYPHIC, h[=i]-[.e]r-o-glif'ik, also H[=I]'EROGLYPH, _n._ the sacred characters of the ancient Egyptian language: picture-writing, or writing in which figures of objects are employed instead of conventional signs, like the alphabet--hieroglyphics are either _phonetic_ or _ideographic_, the former comprising signs which represent sounds, the latter those which represent ideas: any symbolical or enigmatical figure.--_v.t._ H[=I]'EROGLYPH, to represent by hieroglyphs.--_adjs._ HIEROGLYPH'IC, -AL.--_adv._ HIEROGLYPH'ICALLY.--_n._ HIEROG'LYPHIST, one skilled in hieroglyphics. [Gr. _hieroglyphikon_--_hieros_, sacred, _glyphein_, to carve.]

HIEROGRAM, h[=i]'er-o-gram, _n._ a hieroglyphic symbol.--_adjs._ HIEROGRAMMAT'IC, -AL.--_ns._ HIEROGRAM'MATIST, HIEROGRAM'MATE, a writer of sacred records; H[=I]'EROGRAPH, a sacred symbol; HIEROG'RAPHER, a sacred scribe.--_adjs._ HIEROGRAPH'IC, -AL, pertaining to sacred writing.--_n._ HIEROG'RAPHY, a description of sacred things. [Gr. _hieros_, sacred, _gramma_, a writing.]

HIEROLATRY, h[=i]-er-ol'a-tri, _n._ the worship of saints or sacred things.

HIEROLOGY, h[=i]-[.e]r-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science of sacred matters, esp. ancient writing and Egyptian inscriptions.--_adj._ HIEROLOG'IC.--_n._ HIEROL'OGIST. [Gr. _hierologia_--_hieros_, sacred, _legein_, to speak.]

HIEROMANCY, h[=i]-er-o-man'si, _n._ divination by observing the objects offered in sacrifice.

HIERONYMIC, h[=i]-e-r[=o]-nim'ik, _adj._ of or pertaining to St Jerome--also HIERONYM'IAN.--_n._ HIERON'YMITE, one of the many hermit orders established in the course of the 13th and 14th centuries. [L. _Hieronymus_, Jerome.]

HIEROPATHIC, h[=i]-er-o-path'ik, _adj._ consisting in love of the clergy.

HIEROPHANT, h[=i]'[.e]r-o-fant, _n._ one who shows or reveals sacred things: a priest.--_adj._ HIEROPHANT'IC, belonging to or relating to hierophants. [Gr. _hierophant[=e]s_--_hieros_, sacred, _phainein_, to show.]

HIEROSCOPY, h[=i]-er-os'ko-pi, _n._ the same as hieromancy.

HIEROSOLYMITAN, h[=i]-e-r[=o]-sol'i-m[=i]-tan, _adj._ of or pertaining to Jerusalem. [L. _Hierosolyma_, Jerusalem.]

HIERURGY, h[=i]'er-ur'ji, _n._ a sacred performance.--_adj._ HIERUR'GICAL.

HIGGLE, hig'l, _v.i._ to make difficulty in bargaining: to chaffer.--_v.i._ HIGG'LE-HAGG'LE, a reduplicated variant of _higgle_.--_ns._ HIGG'LER; HIGG'LING. [Prob. a form of _haggle_.]

HIGGLEDY-PIGGLEDY, hig'l-di-pig'l-di, _adv._ and _adj._ topsy-turvy: (_coll._) upside down. [A word coined to express a meaningless jumble.]

HIGH, h[=i], _adj._ elevated: lofty: tall: elevated relatively to something, as upward from a base, in position from the mouth of a river, &c.: eminent in anything: exalted in rank: dignified: chief: noble: ostentatious: arrogant: proud: strong, intensified: extreme in opinion: powerful: angry: loud: violent: tempestuous: shrill: excellent: far advanced: difficult: dear: remote in time: slightly tainted (of game, &c.).--_adv._ aloft: eminently: powerfully: profoundly: of flesh, on the point of beginning to decay.--_ns._ HIGH'-AD'MIRAL, a high or chief admiral of a fleet; HIGH'-AL'TAR, the principal altar in a church; HIGH'-BAIL'IFF, an officer who serves writs, &c., in certain franchises, exempt from the ordinary supervision of the sheriff; HIGH'-BIND'ER (_U.S._), a rowdy, ruffian, blackmailer.--_adjs._ HIGH'-BLEST (_Milt._), supremely blest or happy; HIGH'-BLOOD'ED, of noble lineage; HIGH'-BLOWN, swelled with wind: (_Shak._) inflated, as with pride; HIGH'-BORN, of high or noble birth; HIGH'-BRED, of high or noble breed, training, or family.--_ns._ HIGH'-CHURCH, applied to a party within the Church of England, which exalts the authority of the Episcopate and the priesthood, the saving grace of sacraments, &c. (also _adj._); HIGH'-CHURCH'ISM; HIGH'-CHURCH'MAN.--_adj._ HIGH'-COL'OURED, having a strong or glaring colour.--_ns._ HIGH'-COURT, a supreme court; HIGH'-CROSS, a market cross; HIGH'-DAY, a holiday or festival: (_B._) broad daylight.--_adj._ befitting a festival.--_v.t._ HIGH'ER, to raise higher: to lift.--_v.i._ to ascend.--_n._ HIGH'-FAL[=U]'TIN, bombastic discourse.--_adj._ bombastic: pompous.--_adj._ HIGH'-FED, fed highly or luxuriously: pampered.--_ns._ HIGH'-FEED'ING; HIGH'-FLIER, a bird that flies high: one who runs into extravagance of opinion or action.--_adjs._ HIGH'-FLOWN, extravagant: elevated: turgid; HIGH'-FLY'ING, extravagant in conduct or opinion; HIGH'-GROWN (_Shak._), covered with a high growth; HIGH'-HAND'ED, overbearing: violent: arbitrary.--_n._ HIGH'-HAND'EDNESS.--_adjs._ HIGH'-HEART'ED, with the heart full of courage; HIGH'-HEELED, wearing high heels--of shoes.--_n._ HIGH'-JINKS, boisterous play or jollity: an old Scotch pastime in which persons played various parts under penalty of a forfeit.--_adj._ HIGH'-KILT'ED, wearing the kilt or petticoat high: indecorous.--_n._ and _adj._ HIGH'LAND, a mountainous district, esp. in _pl._ that portion of Scotland lying north and west of a line drawn diagonally from Nairn to Dumbarton.--_ns._ HIGH'LANDER, HIGH'LANDMAN, an inhabitant of a mountainous region; HIGH'-LOW, a high shoe fastened with a leather thong in front.--_adv._ HIGH'LY.--_n._ HIGH'-MASS (see MASS).--_adjs._ HIGH'-METT'LED, high-spirited, courageous; HIGH'-MIND'ED, having a high, proud, or arrogant mind: having honourable pride: magnanimous.--_n._ HIGH'-MIND'EDNESS.--_adjs._ HIGH'MOST, highest; HIGH'-NECKED, of a dress, cut so as to cover the shoulders and neck.--_n._ HIGH'NESS, the state of being high: dignity of rank: a title of honour given to princes.--_adj._ HIGH'-PITCHED, high-strung: haughty.--_n._ HIGH'-PLACE (_B._), an eminence on which idolatrous rites were performed by the Jews--hence the idols, &c., themselves.--_adjs._ HIGH'-PRESS'URE, applied to a steam-engine in which the steam is raised to a high temperature, so that the pressure may exceed that of the atmosphere; HIGH'-PRICED, costly.--_ns._ HIGH'-PRIEST (see PRIEST); HIGH'-PRIEST'ESS; HIGH'-PRIEST'HOOD.--_adjs._ HIGH'-PRIN'CIPLED, of high, noble, or strict principle; HIGH'-PROOF, proved to contain much alcohol: highly rectified; HIGH'-RAISED, raised aloft: elevated; HIGH'-REACH'ING, reaching upwards: ambitious.--_n._ HIGH'-ROAD, one of the public or chief roads: a road for general traffic.--_adjs._ HIGH'-SEA'SONED, made rich or piquant with spices or other seasoning; HIGH'-SIGHT'ED (_Shak._), always looking upwards; HIGH'-SOULED, having a high or lofty soul or spirit; HIGH'-SOUND'ING, pompous: ostentatious; HIGH'-SPIR'ITED, having a high spirit or natural fire: bold: daring: irascible.--_n._ HIGH'-STEP'PER, a horse that lifts its feet high from the ground.--_adjs._ HIGH'-STEP'PING, having a proud or conceited carriage or walk; HIGH'-STOM'ACHED (_Shak._), proud-spirited, lofty, obstinate; HIGH'-STRUNG, high-spirited: sensitive.--_n._ HIGHT (_Milt._), obsolete form of height.--_adj._ HIGH'-TAST'ED, having a strong, piquant taste or relish.--_n._ HIGH'-TIDE (_rare_), a great festival.--_adj._ HIGH'-TONED, high in pitch: dignified.--_ns._ HIGH'-TOP (_Shak._), a mast-head; HIGH'-TREA'SON, treason against the sovereign or state.--_adj._ HIGH'-VICED (_Shak._), enormously wicked.--_ns._ HIGH'-WA'TER, the time at which the tide is highest: the greatest elevation of the tide; HIGH'-WA'TER-MARK, the highest line so reached; HIGH'WAY, a public road on which all have right to go: the main or usual way or course; HIGH'WAYMAN, a robber who attacks people on the public way.--_adj._ HIGH'-WROUGHT, wrought with exquisite skill: highly finished: agitated.--HIGH AND DRY, of a ship, up out of the water: disabled; HIGH AND LOW, rich and poor, people of every condition; HIGH AND MIGHTY, exalted: arrogant; HIGH CELEBRATION (see CELEBRATION); HIGH LIFE, the life of fashionable society: the people of this society; HIGH LIVING, over-indulgence in the pleasures of the table; HIGH SEAS, the open sea, including the whole extent of sea so far as it is not the exclusive property of any particular country; HIGH TABLE, the table in the dining-hall of a college where the dons sit; HIGH TEA, a tea with hot meat, &c., as opposed to a plain tea.--A HIGH HAND, OR ARM, might: power: audacity; A HIGH TIME, A HIGH OLD TIME (_coll._), a time of special jollity or enthusiasm; BE HIGH TIME, to be fully time something was done that should have been done well before; BE ON ONE'S HIGH HORSE, to assume an attitude of fancied superiority: to be arrogant.--HIGHLAND COSTUME, the fillibeg or kilt, shoulder-plaid, sporran, &c.; HIGHLAND REGIMENTS, a number of regiments in the British army, wearing the Highland dress and feather-bonnet, or tartan trews and shakos.--IN HIGH FEATHER, in high spirits: happy; ON HIGH, in or to a height; ON THE HIGH ROPES (_coll._), in an elated or highly excited mood; WITH A HIGH HAND, arrogantly. [A.S. _héah_; Goth. _hauhs_, Ice. _hár_, Ger. _hoch_.]

HIGHT, h[=i]t, _v.t._ to command: (_Spens._) to call, name.--_v.i._ (orig. _pass._) to be called or named, to have as a name; therefore third pers. sing., HIGHT=he was or is called. [M. E. _highte_--A.S. _hátte_, I was called, _pa.t._ of _hátan_, to call, to be called. Cf. Ger. _ich heisse_, I am named, from _heissen_, to call.]

HIGHTY-TIGHTY, h[=i]'ti-t[=i]'ti, _adj._ the same as HOITY-TOITY (q.v.).

HIJRA, HIJRAH. Same as HEGIRA.

HILAR, h[=i]'lar, _adj._ pertaining to a hilum.

HILARIOUS, hi-l[=a]'ri-us, _adj._ gay: very merry.--_adv._ HIL[=A]'RIOUSLY.--_n._ HILAR'ITY, gaiety: pleasurable excitement. [L. _hilaris_--Gr. _hilaros_, cheerful.]

HILARY, hil'ar-i, _adj._ a term or session of the High Court of Justice in England; also one of the university terms at Oxford and Dublin--from St _Hilary_ of Poitiers (died 367), festival, Jan. 13.

HILCH, hilch, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to hobble.--_n._ a limp.

HILDEBRANDISM, hil'de-brand-izm, _n._ the spirit and policy of _Hildebrand_ (Pope Gregory VII., 1073-85), unbending assertion of the power of the Church, &c.--_adj._ HILDEBRAND'IC.

HILDING, hild'ing, _n._ a mean, cowardly person, a dastard.--_adj._ cowardly, spiritless. [Prob. _hield_, to bend down.]

HILL, hil, _n._ a high mass of land, less than a mountain.--_n._ HILL'-DIG'GER, one who digs into barrows, &c., for buried treasure.--_adj._ HILLED, having hills.--_ns.pl._ HILL'-FOLK, HILL'MEN, people living or hiding among the hills: the Scotch sect of Cameronians, the Covenanters generally.--_ns._ HILL'-FORT, a prehistoric stronghold; HILL'INESS; HILL'OCK, a small hill.--_adj._ HILL'OCKY.--_ns._ HILL'-SIDE, the slope of a hill; HILL'-TOP, the summit of a hill.--_adj._ HILL'Y, full of hills.--UP HILL AND DOWN DALE, vigorously and persistently. [A.S. _hyll_; cf. L. _collis_, a hill, _celsus_, high.]

HILLO, hil'[=o], _interj._ Same as HALLO.

HILT, hilt, _n._ the handle, esp. of a sword.--_adj._ HILT'ED, having a hilt.--UP TO THE HILT, completely, thoroughly, to the full. [A.S. _hilt_; Dut. _hilte_, Old High Ger. _helza_; not conn. with _hold_.]

HILUM, h[=i]'lum, _n._ the scar on a seed at the point of union with the placenta: (_anat._) the depression at the place where ducts, vessels, and nerves enter an organ.--_adj._ H[=I]'LAR. [L.]

HIM, him, _pron._ the objective case of _he_.--_pron._ HIM'SELF, the emphatic and reflective form of _he_ and _him_: the proper character of a person. [A.S. _him_, dat. sing. masc. and neut. of _he_, _it_.]

HIMATION, hi-mat'i-on, _n._ the ancient Greek outer garment, oblong, thrown over the left shoulder, and fastened either over or under the right. [Gr.]

HIMYARITIC, him-ya-rit'ik, _adj._ a name formerly applied to the language of the ancient Sabæan inscriptions in the south-west of Arabia. [_Himyar_, a traditional king of Yemen.]

HIN, hin, _n._ a Hebrew liquid measure containing about six English quarts. [Heb.]

HIND, h[=i]nd, _n._ the female of the stag or red-deer.--_n._ HIND'BERRY, the raspberry. [A.S. _hind_; Dut. and Ger. _hinde_.]

HIND, h[=i]nd, _n._ a farm-servant, esp. one having charge of a pair of horses, with cottage on the farm, formerly bound to supply a female field-worker (_bondager_). [A.S. _hína_=_híwna_, gen. pl. of _híwan_, domestics.]

HIND, h[=i]nd, _adj._ placed in the rear: pertaining to the part behind: backward:--opp. to _Fore_.--_adj._ HIND'ER, the older form of _hind_, but used in the same significations.--_n._ HIND'ER-END, the latter end: (_Scot._) buttocks.--_n.pl._ HIND'ERLINS (_Scot._), the buttocks.--_adjs._ HIND'ERMOST, HIND'MOST, superlative of _hind_, farthest behind; HIND'-FORE'MOST, the back part in the front place. [A.S. _hindan_ (adv.), back, _hinder_, backwards; Goth. _hindar_, Ger. _hinter_, behind.]

HINDER, hin'd[.e]r, _v.t._ to put or keep behind: to stop, or prevent progress: to embarrass.--_v.i._ to be an obstacle.--_ns._ HIN'DERANCE, HIN'DRANCE, act of hindering: that which hinders: obstacle. [A.S. _hindrian_; Ger. _hindern_.]

HINDI, hin'd[=e], _n._ and _adj._ one of the languages of Aryan stock now spoken in Northern India.--Also HIN'DEE. [Urd[=u], _Hind_, 'India.']

HINDU, HINDOO, hin'd[=oo], _n._ a native of Hindustan: now more properly applied to native Indian believers in Brahmanism, as opposed to Mohammedans, &c.--_ns._ HIN'DUISM, HIN'DOOISM, the religion and customs of the Hindus. [_Sindhu_, Sans. for Indus.]

HINDUSTANI, HINDOOSTANEE, hin-d[=oo]-stan'[=e], _n._ a dialect of Hindi, also called _Urd[=u]_, the chief official and commercial language of India.--Also _adj._

HINGE, hinj, _n._ the hook or joint on which a door or lid hangs: that on which anything depends or turns.--_v.t._ to furnish with hinges: to bend.--_v.i._ to hang or turn as on a hinge: to depend on:--_pr.p._ hing'ing; _pa.p._ hinged.--_n._ HINGE'-JOINT (_anat._), a joint in which the bones move.--OFF THE HINGES, in a state of confusion. [Related to _hang_.]

HINNY, hin'i, _n._ the offspring of a stallion and she-ass. [L. _hinnus_--Gr. _ginnos_, later _hinnos_, a mule.]

HINNY, hin'i, _n._ a Scotch variant of _honey_.

HINNY, hin'i, _v.i._ to neigh, whinny.

HINT, hint, _n._ a distant or indirect allusion: slight mention: insinuation.--_v.t._ to bring to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion: to allude to.--_v.i._ to make an indirect or remote allusion: to allude.--_adv._ HINT'INGLY.--HINT AT, to allude to obscurely. [A.S. _hentan_, to seize.]

HINTERLAND, hint'[.e]r-land, _n._ the district behind that lying along the coast, or along a river. [Ger.]

HIP, hip, _n._ the haunch or fleshy part of the thigh: (_archit._) the external angle formed by the sides of a roof when the end slopes backward instead of terminating in a gable.--_v.t._ to sprain the hip:--_pr.p._ hip'ping; _pa.p._ hipped, hipt.--_ns._ HIP'-BATH, a bath to sit in--also _Sitz-bath_; HIP'-GIR'DLE, -BELT, the 14th-century sword-belt, passing diagonally from waist to hip; HIP'-GOUT, sciatica; HIP'-JOINT, the articulation of the head of the thigh-bone with the ilium; HIP'-KNOB, an ornament placed on the apex of the hips of a roof or on a gable; HIP'-LOCK, a trick in wrestling by which one throws a leg and hip before the other to throw him; HIP'PING, a napkin wrapped about an infant's hips.--_adj._ HIP'-SHOT, having the hip out of joint.--HIP-AND-THIGH, in phrase, 'smitten hip-and-thigh'=smitten both before and behind, completely overpowered.--HAVE, CATCH, ON THE HIP, to get an advantage over some one--a metaphor from the wrestling-ring. [A.S. _hype_; Goth. _hups_, Ger. _hüfte_.]

HIP, hip, HEP, hep, _n._ the fruit of the wild brier or dog-rose. [A.S. _héope_, a hip.]

HIP, HYP, hip, _n._ hypochondria.--_v.t._ to render melancholy.--_adjs._ HIPPED, rendered melancholy; HIP'PISH, somewhat hypochondriac. [A corr. of _hypochondria_.]

HIP, hip, _interj._ an exclamation to invoke a united cheer--_Hip'-hip'-hurr'ah_.

HIPPARION, hi-p[=a]'ri-on, _n._ a fossil genus of _Equidæ_. [Gr. _hipparion_, dim. of _hippos_, a horse.]

HIPPETY-HOPPETY, hip'e-ti-hop'e-ti, _adv._ hopping and skipping.--_n._ HIPP'ETY-HOP.

HIPPIATRIC, hip-i-at'rik, _adj._ relating to the treatment of the diseases of horses.--_n.pl._ HIPPIAT'RICS.--_ns._ HIPPIAT'RIST; HIPPIAT'RY.--_adj._ HIPP'IC, relating to horses.

HIPPOCAMPUS, hip'o-kam-pus, _n._ a genus of small fishes with head and neck somewhat like those of a horse, the _sea-horse_: (_anat._) a raised curved trace on the floor of the lateral ventricle of the brain. [Gr. _hippokampos_--_hippos_, a horse, _kampos_, a sea-monster.]

HIPPOCENTAUR, hip-o-sent'awr, _n._ Same as CENTAUR. [Gr. _hippos_, a horse, and _centaur_.]

HIPPOCRAS, hip'o-kras, _n._ an aromatic medicated wine, formerly much used as a cordial.--_adj._ HIPPOCRAT'IC, pertaining to the Greek physician _Hippocrates_ (born 460 B.C.).--_v.t._ HIPPOC'RATISE.--_n._ HIPPOC'RATISM.

HIPPOCRENE, hip'o-kr[=e]n, _n._ a fountain on the northern slopes of Mount Helicon, in Greece, sacred to the Muses and Apollo. [L.,--Gr. _hippokr[=e]n[=e]_--_hippos_, a horse, _kr[=e]n[=e]_, a fountain.]

HIPPOCREPIAN, hip-o-kr[=e]'pi-an, _adj._ horse-shoe shaped. [Gr. _hippos_, a horse, _kr[=e]pis_, a shoe.]

HIPPODAME, hip'o-d[=a]m, _n._ (_Spens._) the sea-horse.--_n._ HIPPOD'AMIST, a horse-tamer.--_adj._ HIPPOD'AMOUS, horse-taming.

HIPPODROME, hip'o-dr[=o]m, _n._ the Greek name for a racecourse for horses and chariots: an equestrian circus: (_U.S._) a fraudulent athletic game or contest in which the result is prearranged.--_v.t._ to conduct races in such a way.--_adj._ HIPPODROM'IC.--_n._ HIPPOD'ROMIST, a circus trainer or rider. [Fr.,--Gr. _hippodromos_--_hippos_, a horse, _dromos_, a course.]

HIPPOGRIFF, HIPPOGRYPH, hip'o-grif, _n._ a fabulous animal represented as a winged horse with the head of a griffin. [Fr. _hippogriffe_--Gr. _hippos_, a horse, _gryps_, a griffin.]

HIPPOLOGY, hip-ol'o-ji, _n._ the study of horses.--_adj._ HIPPOLOG'ICAL.--_n._ HIPPOL'OGIST.