Chapter XIX: Foreword: , f=or'wurd, n. a preface (10)

HIPPOMANES, hip-om'an-[=e]z, _n._ an ancient love-philtre obtained from a mare or foal.--_n._ HIPP'OMANE, a genus of plants of the natural order _Euphorbiaceæ_, the manchineel-tree. [Gr.]

HIPPOPATHOLOGY, hip-o-pa-thol'o-ji, _n._ the pathology of the horse: the science of veterinary medicine. [Gr. _hippos_, a horse, and _pathology_.]

HIPPOPHAGY, hip-pof'a-ji, _n._ the act or practice of feeding on horse-flesh.--_n.pl._ HIPPOPH'AGI, eaters of horse-flesh.--_n._ _Hippoph'agist_, an eater of horseflesh.--_adj._ HIPPOPH'AGOUS, horse-eating. [Gr. _hippos_, a horse, _phagein_, to eat.]

HIPPOPHILE, hip'o-f[=i]l, _n._ a lover of horses.

HIPPOPOTAMUS, hip-o-pot'a-mus, _n._ the river-horse--an African quadruped, of aquatic habits, having a very thick skin, short legs, and a large head and muzzle.--_adj._ HIPPOPOTAM'IC (also -pot'-), like a hippopotamus, clumsy. [L.,--Gr. _hippopotamos_--_hippos_, a horse, _potamos_, a river.]

HIPPOTOMY, hip-ot'o-mi, _n._ the dissection of the horse.--_adj._ HIPPOTOM'ICAL.--_n._ HIPPOT'OMIST.

HIPPURIC, hip-[=u]'rik, _adj._ denoting an acid first obtained from the urine of horses. [Gr. _hippos_, a horse, _ouron_, urine.]

HIPPURID, hi-p[=u]'rid, _n._ a plant of natural order _Hippurideæ_ or _Haloragaceæ_, the typical genus the common mare's tail.

HIPPURITE, hip'[=u]-r[=i]t, _n._ a fossil bivalve mollusc peculiar to the cretaceous strata.--_adj._ HIPPURIT'IC. [Gr. _hippos_, a horse, _oura_, a tail.]

HIPPUS, hip'us, _n._ clonic spasm of the iris.

HIRCINE, h[.e]r's[=i]n, _adj._ goat-like: having a strong goatish smell.--_ns._ HIRCOCER'VUS, a fabulous creature, half-goat, half-stag; HIRCOS'ITY, goatishness. [Fr.,--L. _hircinus_--_hircus_, a he-goat.]

HIRDY-GIRDY, h[.e]r'di-g[.e]r'di, _adv._ (_Scot._) in confusion.

HIRE, h[=i]r, _n._ wages for service: the price paid for the use of anything.--_v.t._ to procure the use or service of, at a price: to engage for wages: to grant temporary use of for compensation: to bribe.--_adj._ HIRE'ABLE.--_ns._ HIRE'LING, a hired servant: a mercenary: a prostitute (also _adj._); HIR'ER; HIRE'-SYS'TEM, a system by which a hired article becomes the property of the hirer after a stipulated number of payments; HIR'ING, the contract of hiring--_bailment for hire_ (in Scotland, _location_): a fair or market where servants are engaged.--ON HIRE, for hiring. [A.S. _hýr_, wages, _hýrian_, to hire; Ger. _heuer_, Dut. _huur_.]

HIRMOS, hir'mos, _n._ in the usage of the Greek Church, a standard troparion, forming the first stanza of a canon of odes, and serving as a model for the other stanzas:--_pl._ HIR'MOI.--_n._ HIRMOL[=O]'GION, an office-book containing the hirmoi. [Gr. _eirmos_, a series.]

HIRPLE, h[.e]r'pl, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to walk or run as if lame.--_n._ a limping gait.

HIRRIENT, hir'i-ent, _n._ a trilled sound.

HIRSEL, hir'sel, _n._ (_Scot._) a multitude, a throng, a flock of sheep.--_v.t._ to put in different groups.

HIRSLE, hir'sl, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to slide or move, resting on the hams: to move forward with a rustling sound.

HIRSUTE, hir-s[=u]t', _adj._ hairy: rough: shaggy: (_bot._) having long, stiffish hairs. [L. _hirsutus_--_hirsus_, _hirtus_, shaggy.]

HIRUNDINE, hi-run'din, _adj._ of or pertaining to the swallow. [L. _hirundo_, a swallow.]

HIS, hiz, _pron._ possessive form of _he_: (_B._) used for _its_.--HISN, a contracted form of his own. [A.S. _his_, possessive of _he_, and originally of _it_.]

HISH, hish, _v.i._ to hiss. [A by-form of _hiss_.]

HISPANIC, his-pan'ik, _adj._ Spanish.--_adv._ HISPAN'ICALLY.--_vs.t._ HISPAN'ICISE, HISPAN'IOLISE, to render Spanish.--_n._ HISPAN'ICISM, a Spanish phrase. [L. _Hispania_, Spain.]

HISPID, his'pid, _adj._ (_bot._) rough with or having strong hairs or bristles.--_n._ HISPID'ITY. [L. _hispidus_.]

HISS, his, _v.i._ to make a sibilant sound like that of the letter s, as the goose, serpent, &c.: to express contempt, &c., by hissing.--_v.t._ to condemn by hissing.--_n._ the sound of the letter _s_, an expression of disapprobation, contempt, &c.--_n._ HISS'ING, the noise of a hiss: object of hissing: object or occasion of contempt. [Imit.]

HIST, hist, _interj._ demanding silence and attention: hush! silence!--_v.t._ to urge (a dog, &c.) by making the sound of this word. [Imit.]

HISTIE, his'ti, _adj._ (_Scot._) dry: barren.

HISTIOID, his'ti-oid, _adj._ resembling tissue.--_adj._ HISTOGENET'IC.--_adv._ HISTOGENET'ICALLY.--_ns._ HISTOG'ENY, the formation and development of tissues--also HISTOGEN'ESIS; HISTOG'RAPHY, a description of the tissues.--_adjs._ HISTOLOG'IC, -AL, pertaining to histology.--_ns._ HISTOL'OGIST, one skilled in histology; HISTOL'OGY, the science which classifies and describes the structural or morphological elements which exist in the solids and fluids of organised bodies; HISTOL'YSIS, degeneration and decay of organic tissue.--_adj._ HISTOLYT'IC. [Gr. _histos_, web.]

HISTORY, his'to-ri, _n._ an account of an event: a systematic account of the origin and progress of a nation: the knowledge of facts, events, &c.: an eventful life, a past of more than common interest, as a 'woman with a history:' a drama representing historical events.--_v.t._ (_rare_) to record.--_n._ HIS'T[=O]RIAN, a writer of history.--_adjs._ HIST[=O]'RI[=A]TED, adorned with figures, esp. of men or animals, as the medieval illuminated manuscripts, capital letters, initials &c.; HISTOR'IC, -AL, pertaining to history: containing history: derived from history: famous in history: authentic.--_adv._ HISTOR'ICALLY.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ HISTOR'ICISE, to make, or represent as, historic.--_ns._ HISTORIC'ITY, historical character; HISTORIETTE', a short history or story.--_v.t._ HISTOR'IFY, to record in history.--_n._ HISTORIOG'RAPHER, a writer of history: a professed or official historian.--_adjs._ HISTORIOGRAPH'IC, -AL, pertaining to the writing of history.--_adv._ HISTORIOGRAPH'ICALLY.--_ns._ HISTORIOG'RAPHY, the art or employment of writing history; HISTORIOL'OGY, the knowledge or study of history.--HISTORICAL METHOD, the study of a subject in its historical development; HISTORICAL PAINTING, the painting of historic scenes, or scenes in which historic figures are introduced; HISTORICAL PRESENT, the present tense used for the past, to add life and reality to the narrative, as in 'cometh' in Mark, v. 22.--ANCIENT HISTORY, the history of the world down to the fall of Rome, 476 A.D.; MEDIEVAL HISTORY, the history of the period between the fall of Rome and the beginning of the 16th century; MODERN HISTORY, history since the beginning of the 16th century; NATURAL HISTORY, originally an expression including all the concrete sciences, now the science of living things: (in frequent use) zoology, esp. in so far as that is concerned with the life and habits of animals; PROFANE, SECULAR, HISTORY, the history of secular affairs as opposed to _Sacred history_, which deals with the events in the Bible narrative. [L.,--Gr. _historia_--_hist[=o]r_, knowing; cf. _eidenai_, to know, L. _vid[=e]re_, Sans. _vid_, Eng. _wit_.]

HISTRIONIC, -AL, his-tri-on'ik, -al, _adj._ relating to the stage or stage-players: befitting a theatre: feigned.--_ns._ HIS'TRIO, HIS'TRION, a stage-player.--_adv._ HISTRION'ICALLY.--_ns._ HISTRION'ICISM, HIS'TRIONISM, the acts or practice of stage-playing or of pantomime.--_n.pl._ HISTRION'ICS, play-acting.--_v.i._ HIS'TRIONISE, to act, play a part. [L. _histrionicus_--_histrio_, an actor, primary form _hister_, a player.]

HIT, hit, _v.t._ to touch or strike: to reach: to suit: fit: conform to.--_v.i._ to come in contact: to chance luckily: to succeed:--_pr.p._ hit'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ hit.--_n._ a lucky chance, a surprising success: a stroke: a happy turn of thought or expression: at backgammon, a move that throws one of the opponent's men back to the entering point, a game won after one or two men are removed from the board.--_n._ HIT'TER.--_adj._ HIT'TY-MISS'Y, random, hap-hazard.--HIT BELOW THE BELT, to deal a blow disallowable in the rules of the ring: to do an injury to another unfairly; HIT IT OFF(_with_), to agree with some one; HIT OFF, to imitate, to describe; HIT-OR-MISS, reckless, hap-hazard; HIT OUT, to strike out with the fist; HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD (see NAIL); HIT UPON, to come upon, discover.--HARD HIT, one gravely affected by some trouble, or by love. [A.S. _hyttan_, app. Ice. _hitta_, to light on, to find; Sw. _hitta_, to find, Dan. _hitte_, to hit upon.]

HITCH, hich, _v.i._ to move by jerks, as if caught by a hook: to be caught by a hook: to be caught or fall into.--_v.t._ to hook: to catch: to fasten, tether, esp. to make fast a rope.--_n._ a jerk: a catch or anything that holds: an obstacle: a sudden halt: (_naut._) a species of knot by which one rope is connected with another, or to some object--various knots are the _Clove-hitch_, _Timber-hitch_, _Blackwall-hitch_, &c.--_n._ HITCH'ER.--_adv._ HITCH'ILY.--_adj._ HITCH'Y.--HITCH UP, to harness a horse to a vehicle. [Ety. dub.; prob. the same as _itch_.]

HITHE, h[=i]_th_, _n._ a small haven. [A.S. _hýð_.]

HITHER, hi_th_'[.e]r, _adv._ to this place.--_adj._ toward the speaker: nearer.--_v.i._ to come--chiefly in phrase, 'to hither and thither'=to go to and fro.--_adj._ HITH'ERMOST, nearest on this side.--_n._ and _adj._ HITH'ERSIDE, the nearer side.--_advs._ HITH'ERTO, to this place or time: as yet; HITH'ERWARD, towards this place.--HITHER AND THITHER, back and forward: to and from. [A.S. _hider_; Goth. _hidrê_, Ice. _hêðra_.]

HITOPADESA, hit-[=o]-pa-d[=e]'sa, _n._ a famous collection of fables and stories in Sanskrit literature, a popular summary in four books of the _Panchatantra_.

HITTITE, hit'[=i]t, _adj._ pertaining to the Hittites, a powerful and civilised people, probably not Semitic, of northern Syria. [Heb. _Khitt[=i]m_.]

HIVE, h[=i]v, _n._ a place where bees live and store up honey, whether artificial or natural: a swarm of bees in a box or basket: any busy company.--_v.t._ to collect into a hive: to lay up in store.--_v.i._ to take shelter together: to reside in a body.--_ns._ HIVE'-BEE, the common honey-bee; HIV'ER; HIVE'-NEST, a large nest built and occupied by several pairs of birds in common. [A.S. _hýf_.]

HIVES, h[=i]vz, _n._ a popular term for nettle-rash and other similar skin diseases: laryngitis.

HIZZ, hiz, _v.i._ to hiss.

HO, HOA, h[=o], _interj._ a call to excite attention: hold! stop!--repeated it expresses derision.

HOAR, h[=o]r, _adj._ white or grayish-white, esp. with age or frost: mouldy.--_n._ hoariness: age.--_v.i._ (_Shak._) to become mouldy.--_n._ HOAR'-FROST, white frost: the white particles formed by the freezing of dew.--_adjs._ HOAR'-HEAD'ED, HOAR'Y, white or gray with age: (_bot._) covered with short, dense, whitish hairs.--_adv._ HOAR'ILY.--_ns._ HOAR'INESS; HOAR'-STONE, an ancient boundary stone. [A.S. _hár_, hoary, gray; Ice. _hárr_.]

HOARD, h[=o]rd, _n._ a store: a hidden stock: a treasure: a place for hiding anything.--_v.t._ to store: to amass and deposit in secret.--_v.i._ to store up: to collect and form a hoard.--_n._ HOARD'ER. [A.S. _hord_; Ice. _hodd_, Ger. _hort_.]

HOARD, h[=o]rd, HOARDING, h[=o]rd'ing, _n._ a hurdle or fence enclosing a house and materials while builders are at work: any boarding on which bills are posted. [From O. Fr. _hurdis_--_hurt_, _hourt_, _hourd_, a palisade.]

HOARHOUND, HOREHOUND, h[=o]r'hownd, _n._ a plant of a whitish or downy appearance, used as a tonic. [M. E. _horehune_--A.S. _hárhúne_, from _hár_, hoar or white, and _húne_ (acc. to Skeat, meaning 'strong-scented'); cf. L. _cunila_, Gr. _konil[=e]_, wild marjoram.]

HOARSE, h[=o]rs, _adj._ having a harsh, grating voice, as from a cold: harsh: discordant.--_adv._ HOARSE'LY.--_n._ HOARSE'NESS. [A.S. _hás_; Ice. _háss_, this prob. for _hárs_, throwing light on the M. E. _hôrs_, _hoors_, Scot. _hairsh_, &c.]

HOAST, h[=o]st, _n._ (_prov._) a cough.--_v.i._ to cough. [Ice. _hóste_; Dut. _hoest_.]

HOASTMAN, h[=o]st'man, _n._ a member of an old merchant guild in Newcastle, with charge of coal-shipping, &c. [_Host_, stranger, guest.]

HOATZIN, h[=o]-at'sin, _n._ a remarkable South American bird, the same as the Touraco (q.v.).--Also HOACT'ZIN, HOA'ZIN. [S. Amer.]

HOAX, h[=o]ks, _n._ a deceptive trick: a practical joke.--_v.t._ to deceive: to play a trick upon for sport, or without malice.--_ns._ HOAXEE'; HOAX'ER; HOAX'ING. [Corr. of _hocus_. See HOCUS-POCUS.]

HOB, hob, _n._ the projecting nave of a wheel: a projection on the side of a fireplace, on which anything may be laid to keep hot: a game in which coins are placed on the end of a short stick at which stones are thrown, those that fall head up going to the thrower--also the round stick used in this game: a hardened threaded steel mandrel used in forming the cutting ends of screw-chasing tools, &c.--_n._ HOB'NAIL, a nail with a thick, strong head, used in horse-shoes, &c.: a clownish fellow.--_v.t._ to furnish with hobnails: to trample upon with hobnailed shoes.--_adj._ HOB'NAILED. [Cf. HUB.]

HOB, hob, _n._ a clownish fellow: a rustic: a fairy.--_n._ HOB'BINOLL, a rustic.--_adj._ HOB'BISH, clownish.--_n._ HOBGOB'LIN, a mischievous fairy: a frightful apparition.--PLAY HOB, to make confusion. [A corr. of _Rob_ for _Robin_, _Robert_.]

HOB-A-NOB, HOB-AND-NOB. Same as HOBNOB.

HOBBISM, hob'izm, _n._ the doctrine of Thomas _Hobbes_ (1588-1679), that morality is an institution of society.--_n._ HOBB'IST, a follower of Hobbes.

HOBBLE, hob'l, _v.i._ to walk with a limp: to walk awkwardly: to move irregularly.--_v.t._ to fasten loosely the legs of: to hamper: to perplex.--_n._ an awkward limping gait: a difficulty, a scrape: anything used to hamper the feet of an animal, a clog or fetter.--_ns._ HOBB'LER, one who hobbles: an unlicensed pilot, casual labourer in docks, &c.: a man who tows a canal-boat with a rope; HOBB'LING.--_adv._ HOBB'LINGLY. [Cf. Dut. _hobbelen_, _hobben_, to toss.]

HOBBLEDEHOY, hob'l-de-hoi', _n._ an awkward youth, a stripling, neither man nor boy.--_adj._ HOBBLEDEHOY'ISH.--_n._ HOBBLEDEHOY'ISM. [Prob. conn. with _hobble_, referring to awkward gait.]

HOBBLER, hob'l[.e]r, _n._ a horseman employed for light work, as reconnoitring, &c.: a horse. [O. Fr. _hobeler_--_hobin_, a small horse.]

HOBBY, hob'i, _n._ a strong, active horse: a pacing horse: a subject on which one is constantly setting off, as in 'to ride' or 'to mount a hobby:' a favourite pursuit.--_n._ HOBB'Y-HORSE, a stick or figure of a horse on which boys ride: one of the chief parts played in the ancient morris-dance: (_Shak._) a term of contempt for a loose and frivolous person, male or female.--_adj._ HOBB'Y-HOR'SICAL, having a hobby: eccentric.--_ns._ HOBB'YISM; HOBB'YIST, one who rides a hobby.--_adj._ HOBB'YLESS. [M. E. _hobyn_, _hoby_, prob. _Hob_, a by-form of _Rob_. Hence also O. Fr. _hobin_, _hobi_ (Fr. _aubin_).]

HOBBY, hob'i, _n._ a small species of falcon. [O. Fr. _hobé_, _hobet_--Low L. _hobetus_; prob. O. Fr. _hober_, to move.]

HOBGOBLIN. See HOB (2).--_ns._ HOBGOB'LINISM; HOBGOB'LINRY.

HOBJOB, hob'job, _n._ (_prov._) an odd job.--_v.i._ to work at such.--_ns._ HOB'JOBBER; HOB'JOBBING.

HOBNAIL. See HOB (1).

HOBNOB, hob'nob, _adv._ have or not have, a familiar invitation to drink.--_v.i._ to associate or drink together familiarly.--_pr.p._ HOBNOB'BING.--_adj._ HOB'NOBBY. [_Hab_, _nab_.]

HOBSON-JOBSON, hob'son-job'son, _n._ a native festal excitement, esp. the Moharram ceremonies. [A corr. of the wailing 'Y[=a] Hasan! Y[=a] Hosain!' a typical phrase of Anglo-Indian argot, hence adopted as a concise alternative title for Yule and Burnell's admirable _Glossary of Anglo-Indian Colloquial Words and Phrases_ (Lond. 1886).]

HOCK, hok, _n._ and _v._ See HOUGH.

HOCK, hok, _n._ properly, the wine made at _Hochheim_, Germany; now applied to all white Rhine wines.

HOCK-DAY, hok'-d[=a], _n._ an old English festival held on the second Monday and Tuesday after Easter Sunday, one of the chief customs being the seizing and binding of passengers until they gave money for their liberty, Monday the men by the women, Tuesday the women by the men.--Also HOCK'-TIDE.

HOCKEY, hok'i, _n._ a game at ball played with a club or stick curved at one end, shinty.--Also HOOK'EY. [Prob. O. Fr. _hoquet_, a crook.]

HOCKEY, hok'i, _n._ (prov.) harvest-home, the harvest-supper.--Also HAWK'EY, HORK'EY.

HOCKLE, hok'l, _v.t._ to hamstring. [See HOUGH.]

HOCUS-POCUS, h[=o]'kus-p[=o]'kus, _n._ a juggler: a juggler's trick.--_v.t._ H[=O]'CUS, to cheat: to stupefy with drink: to drug:--_pr.p._ h[=o]'cussing; _pa.p._ h[=o]'cussed. [The meaningless gibberish of a juggler--no reference to '_hoc est corpus_.']

HOD, hod, _n._ a kind of trough borne on the shoulder, for carrying bricks and mortar: a coal-scuttle: a pewterer's blowpipe.--_n._ HOD'MAN, a man who carries a hod: a mason's labourer. [A variant of prov. _hot_; cf. Fr. _hotte_, a basket.]

HODDENGRAY, hod'n-gr[=a], _n._ coarse cloth made of undyed wool.--_adj._ HODD'EN, wearing hoddengray: rustic.--_n._ hoddengray. [Prob. a form of _holden_, kept, reserved, and _gray_.]

HODDLE, hod'l, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to waddle.

HODGE, hoj, _n._ a countryman, rustic. [_Hodge_, corr. from _Roger_.]

HODGEPODGE, hoj'poj, _n._ (see HOTCHPOTCH).--_n._ HODGE'-PUDD'ING (_Shak._), a pudding made of a mass of ingredients mixed together.

HODIERNAL, h[=o]-di-[.e]rn'al, _adj._ of or pertaining to the present day. [L. _hodiernus_--_hodie_, to-day--_hoc die_, on this day.]

HODMANDOD, hod'man-dod, _n._ a snail, dodman.

HODOGRAPH, hod'o-graf, _n._ a curve the radius vector of which represents in direction and magnitude the velocity of a moving particle--a term suggested by Sir W. R. Hamilton. [Gr. _hodos_, a way, _graphein_, to write.]

HODOMETER, ho-dom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument attached to the axle of a vehicle to register the revolutions of the wheels. [Gr. _hodos_, a way, _metron_, a measure.]

HOE, h[=o], _n._ an instrument for hewing or digging up weeds and loosening the earth.--_v.t._ to cut or clean with a hoe: to weed.--_v.i._ to use a hoe:--_pr.p._ hoe'ing; _pa.p._ hoed.--_ns._ HOE'-CAKE (U.S.), a thin cake of Indian meal; H[=O]'ER.--A HARD, or LONG, ROW TO HOE, a hard or wearisome task to perform. [O. Fr. _houe_--Old High Ger. _houwa_ (Ger. _haue_), a hoe.]

HOG, hog, _n._ a general name for swine: a castrated boar: a pig: formerly slang for a shilling: a low filthy fellow.--_v.t._ to cut short the hair of:--_pr.p._ hog'ging; _pa.p._ hogged.--_ns._ HOG'-BACK, HOG'S'-BACK, a back rising in the middle: a ridge of a hill of such shape--also _Horseback_; HOG'GERY, hoggishness of character: coarseness; HOG'GET, a boar of the second year: a sheep or colt after it has passed its first year.--_adj._ HOG'GISH, resembling a hog: brutish: filthy: selfish.--_adv._ HOG'GISHLY.--_ns._ HOG'GISHNESS; HOG'HOOD, the nature of a hog; HOG'-MANE, a horse's mane clipped short; HOG'-PEN, a pig-sty; HOG'-PLUM, a West Indian tree of the cashew family, the fruit given to hogs; HOG'-REEVE, -CON'STABLE, an officer charged with the care of stray swine; HOG'-RING'ER, one who puts rings into the snouts of hogs; HOG'S'-BEAN, the henbane.--_v.t._ HOG'-SHOU'THER (_Scot._), to jostle with the shoulder.--_ns._ HOG'-SKIN, leather made of the skin of swine; HOG'S'-LARD, the melted fat of the hog; HOG'-WASH, the refuse of a kitchen, brewery, &c.--BRING ONE'S HOGS TO A FINE MARKET, to make a complete mess of something; GO THE WHOLE HOG, to do a thing thoroughly or completely, to commit one's self to anything unreservedly. [M. E. _hogge_, a gelded hog, prob. from _hack_, to cut; others derive from W. _hwch_, a sow, Bret. _houch_, _hoch_.]

HOG, hog, _v.i._ to droop at both ends.--_n._ HOG'-FRAME, a fore-and-aft frame serving to resist vertical flexure in a ship.--_adj._ HOGGED, of a ship, having a droop at the ends.

HOG, hog, _n._ in curling, a stone which does not pass the hog-score.--_v.t._ to play such a shot with a curling-stone.--_n._ HOG'-SCORE, a line drawn across the rink at a certain distance from the tees--to be cleared, else the shot does not count. [Prob. conn. with _hog_, a swine.]

HOG, HOGG, hog, _n._ a young sheep of the second year.--Also HOG'GEREL.

HOGAN, hog'an, _n._ a kind of strong liquor. [Corr. of _hogen-mogen_--Dut. _hoog en mogend_, high and mighty.]

HOGGER, hog'er, _n._ (_prov._) a coal-miner's footless stocking.--_n._ HOGG'ER-PIPE, the terminal section of the discharge-pipe of a mining-pump.

HOGMANAY, hog-ma-n[=a]', _n._ (_Scot._) the old name for the last day of the year. [Prob. a corr., through Norman French forms, of O. Fr. _aguilanneuf_=_au-gui-l'an-neuf_, 'to the mistletoe! the New Year!' Fr. _gui_, mistletoe, is from L. _viscum_.]

HOGSHEAD, hogz'hed, _n._ (_Shak._) a large cask: a measure of capacity=52½ imperial gallons, or 63 old wine gallons; _of beer_=54 gallons; _of claret_=46 gallons; _of tobacco_ (_U.S._), varying from 750 to 1200 lb. [Corr. of Old Dut. _okshoofd_, ox-head; from the brand on the cask.]

HOIDEN. See HOYDEN.

HOISE, hoiz, _v.t._ to hoist.

HOIST, hoist, _v.t._ to lift: to raise with tackle: to heave.--_n._ act of lifting: the height of a sail: an apparatus for lifting heavy bodies to the upper stories of a building.--HOIST WITH ONE'S OWN PETARD, beaten with one's own weapons, caught in one's own trap. [Formerly _hoise_, or _hoyse_--Old Dut. _hyssen_, Dut. _hijsschen_, to hoist.]

HOITY-TOITY, hoi'ti-toi'ti, _interj._ an exclamation of surprise or disapprobation.--_adj._ giddy, gay, noisy.

HOKY-POKY, h[=o]'ki-p[=o]'ki, _n._ a kind of ice-cream sold on the streets. [From _hocus-pocus_.]

HOLARCTIC, hol-ärk'tik, _adj._ entirely arctic.

HOLD, h[=o]ld, _v.t._ to keep possession of or authority over: to sustain: to defend: to maintain, support: to occupy: to derive title to: to bind: to confine: to restrain: to stop, as in 'to cry hold:' to continue: to persist in: to contain: to celebrate: to esteem: (_Shak._) to endure: (_arch._) to bet.--_v.i._ to remain fixed: to be true or unfailing: to continue unbroken or unsubdued: to adhere: to derive right:--_pr.p._ h[=o]ld'ing; _pa.t._ held; _pa.p._ held (_obs._ h[=o]ld'en).--_n._ act or manner of holding: seizure: power of seizing: something for support: a place of confinement: custody: a fortified place: (_mus._) a mark over a rest or note, indicating that it is to be prolonged.--_ns._ HOLD'-ALL, a general receptacle, esp. a big carpet-bag; HOLD'-BACK, a check: a strap joining the breeching to the shaft of a vehicle; HOLD'-BEAM, one of the beams crossing a ship's hold and strengthening the framework.--HOLD'EN (_B._), old _pa.p._ of _hold_.--_ns._ HOLD'ER; HOLD'-FAST, that which holds fast: a long nail: a catch; HOLD'ING, anything held: a farm held of a superior: hold: influence: (_Scots law_) tenure.--HOLD FORTH, to put forward: show: to speak in public, to declaim; HOLD HARD! stop! HOLD IN, to restrain, check: to restrain one's self; HOLD OF (_Pr. Bk._), to regard; HOLD OFF, to keep at a distance; HOLD ON, to persist in something: to continue: to cling; HOLD ONE IN HAND, to amuse in order to gain some advantage; HOLD ONE'S OWN, to maintain one's position; HOLD ONE'S PEACE, HOLD ONE'S TONGUE, to keep silence; HOLD OUT, to endure, last; HOLD OVER, to postpone, to keep possession of land or a house beyond the term of agreement; HOLD THE MARKET (see MARKET); HOLD TOGETHER, to remain united: to cohere; HOLD UP, to raise: to continue to go at the same rate; HOLD WATER, to be sound and firm, to endure trial; HOLD WITH, to take sides with. [A.S. _healdan_; Old High Ger. _haltan_, Goth. _haldan_.]

HOLD, h[=o]ld, _n._ the interior cavity of a ship between the floor and the lower deck, used for the cargo. [Dut. _hol_, a cavity or hole, with excrescent d.]

HOLE, h[=o]l, _n._ a hollow place: a cavity: an opening in a solid body: a pit: a subterfuge: a means of escape: a difficult situation: a scrape: a place of hiding, a mean lodging, a secret room for some disreputable business: (_golf_) one of the holes, 4 in. in diameter, into which the ball is played, also the distance between any two holes.--_v.t._ to form holes in: to drive into a hole.--_v.i._ to go into a hole.--_adj._ HOLE'-AND-COR'NER, secret: underhand.--_ns._ H[=O]LING-AXE, a narrow axe for cutting holes in posts; H[=O]LING-PICK, a pick used in under-cutting coal.--A HOLE IN ONE'S COAT, a stain on a person's reputation; PUT A PERSON IN A HOLE, to put him in a position from which he cannot easily extricate himself; TOAD IN THE HOLE, meat baked in batter, &c. [A.S. _hol_, a hole, cavern; Dut. _hol_, Dan. _hul_, Ger. _hohl_, hollow; conn. with Gr. _koilos_, hollow.]

HOLE, _adj._ (_Spens._) whole.

HOLIBUT. See HALIBUT.

HOLIDAY, hol'i-d[=a], _n._ a consecrated day: a religious festival: a day for the commemoration of some event: a day of idleness and amusement.--_adj._ befitting a holiday: cheerful.--HOLIDAY SPEECHES, fine but empty phrases. [Formerly _holy day_.]

HOLLA, hol'a, HOLLO, HOLLOA, hol'[=o], or hol-l[=o]', _interj._ ho, there! attend! (_naut._) the usual response to 'Ahoy!'--_n._ a loud shout.--_v.i._ to cry loudly to one at a distance. [Fr. _holà_--_ho_ and _là_--L. _illac_, there; the other forms are due to confusion with _halloo_.]

HOLLAND, hol'and, _n._ a coarse linen fabric, unbleached or dyed brown, which is used for covering furniture, &c.: (_orig._) a fine kind of linen first made in _Holland_.

HOLLANDER, hol'and-[.e]r, _n._ a native of _Holland_.--_adj._ HOLL'ANDISH.--_n._ HOLL'ANDS, gin made in Holland.

HOLLOW, hol'[=o], _adj._ vacant: not solid: containing an empty space: sunken: unsound: insincere.--_n._ a hole: a cavity: any depression in a body: any vacuity: a groove: a channel.--_v.t._ to make a hole in: to make hollow by digging: to excavate.--_adv._ completely: clean.--_adjs._ HOLL'OW-EYED, having sunken eyes; HOLL'OW-HEART'ED, having a hollow or untrue heart: faithless: treacherous.--_adv._ HOLL'OWLY (_Shak._), in a hollow or insincere manner.--_ns._ HOLL'OWNESS, the state of being hollow: cavity: insincerity: treachery; HOLL'OW-WARE, trade name for hollow articles of iron, as pots and kettles.--BEAT HOLLOW, to beat wholly. [A.S. _holh_, a hollow place--_hol_. See HOLE.]

HOLLY, hol'i, _n._ an evergreen shrub having leathery, shining, and spinous leaves and scarlet or yellow berries, much used for Christmas decorations. [A.S. _holegn_; cf. W. _celyn_, Ir. _cuileann_.]

HOLLYHOCK, hol'i-hok, _n._ a kind of mallow, brought into Europe from the Holy Land--(_Bacon_) HOLL'Y-OAK. [M. E. _holihoc_--_holi_, holy, and A.S. _hoc_, mallows--Celtic, cf. W. _hocys_.]

HOLM, h[=o]lm, or h[=o]m, _n._ a river-islet: rich flat land beside a river. [A.S. _holm_, orig. a mound; Ger. _holm_, &c.]

HOLM, h[=o]lm, or h[=o]m, _n._ (_Spens._) holly.--_n._ HOLM'-OAK, the ilex or evergreen oak, so called from some resemblance to the holly. [_Holm-_ is a corr. of _holin_, the M. E. form of _holly_, which see.]

HOLOBLASTIC, hol-o-blas'tik, _adj._ undergoing segmentation throughout the entire mass, as the ova of mammals.

HOLOCAUST, hol'o-kawst, _n._ a burnt sacrifice, in which the whole of the victim was consumed. [L.,--Gr. _holokauston_--_holos_, whole, _kaustos_, burnt.]

HOLOCRYPTIC, hol-o-krip'tik, _adj._ concealing completely, undecipherable.

HOLOGRAPH, hol'o-graf, _n._ a document wholly written by the person from whom it proceeds (also used as _adj._).--_adj._ HOLOGRAPH'IC. [Gr. _holos_, whole, _graphein_, to write.]

HOLOHEDRISM, hol-o-h[=e]'drizm, _n._ (_math._) the property of having the full number of symmetrically arranged planes crystallographically possible.--_adj._ HOLOH[=E]'DRAL.--_n._ HOLOH[=E]'DRON, a form possessing this property. [Gr. _holos_, whole, _hedra_, base.]

HOLOMETABOLIC, hol-o-met-a-bol'ik, _adj._ undergoing complete metamorphosis, as an insect--opp. of _Ametabolic_.

HOLOMETER, hol-om'et-[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for taking all kinds of measures. [Gr. _holos_, whole, _metron_, measure.]

HOLOMORPHIC, hol-o-mor'fik, _adj._ (_math._) having the properties of an entire function, being finite, continuous, and one-valued for all finite values of the variable: showing holohedral symmetry. [Gr. _holos_, whole, _morph[=e]_, form.]

HOLOPHOTE, hol'o-f[=o]t, _n._ an improved optical apparatus now used in lighthouses, by which all the light from the lamp is thrown in the required direction, in the _catoptric_ holophote by reflectors, in the _dioptric_ by refracting lenses, in the _catadioptric_ by both combined.--_adj._ HOLOPH[=O]T'AL. [Gr. _holos_, whole, _ph[=o]s_, _ph[=o]tos_, light.]

HOLOPHRASTIC, hol-o-fras'tik, _adj._ bearing the force of a whole phrase, expressive of a sentence or an idea.--_n._ HOLOPHR[=A]'SIS. [Gr. _holos_, whole, _phrastikos_, _phrazein_, to indicate.]

HOLORHINAL, hol-o-r[=i]'nal, _adj._ having the nasal bones slightly cleft or not at all. [Gr. _holos_, whole, _hris_, _hrinos_, the nose.]

HOLOTHURIAN, hol-o-th[=oo]'ri-an, _n._ a sea-cucumber or similar echinoderm. [L.,--Gr. _holothourion_, from _holos_, whole, and perh. _thouros_, impetuous.]

HOLP, h[=o]lp, HOLPEN, h[=o]lp'n, old _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _help_.

HOLSTER, h[=o]l'st[.e]r, _n._ the leathern case carried by a horseman at the forepart of the saddle for covering a pistol.--_adj._ HOL'STERED. [Acc. to Skeat, from Dut. _holster_, a pistol-case--_hullen_, to cover, which is cog. with A.S. _helan_, to cover.]

HOLT, h[=o]lt, _n._ a wood or woody hill: an orchard. [A.S. _holt_, a wood; Ice. _holt_, a copse, Ger. _holz_.]

HOLUS-BOLUS, h[=o]l'us-b[=o]l'us, _adv._ all at a gulp: altogether.--_n._ the whole. [A vulgarism, formed from whole, most likely on the analogy of _hocus-pocus_; hardly conn. with _bolus_, a pill.]

HOLY, h[=o]'li, _adj._ perfect in a moral sense: pure in heart: religious: set apart to a sacred use.--_adv._ H[=O]'LILY, in a holy manner: piously.--_n._ H[=O]'LINESS, state of being holy: religious goodness: sanctity: a title of the pope.--_adj._ H[=O]'LY-CRU'EL (_Shak._), cruel through excess of holiness.--_ns._ H[=O]'LY-DAY, a formal spelling of holiday (q.v.); H[=O]'LY-OFF'ICE, the Inquisition; H[=O]'LY-ROOD, the holy cross in R.C. churches over the entrance to the chancel; H[=O]'LYSTONE, a sandstone used by seamen for cleansing the decks, said to be named from cleaning the decks for Sunday.--_v.t._ to scrub with a holystone.--_ns._ H[=O]'LY-THURS'DAY, the day on which the ascension of our Saviour is commemorated, ten days before Whitsuntide; H[=O]'LY-WA'TER, water blessed by the priest or bishop for certain religious uses; H[=O]'LY-WEEK, the week before Easter, kept holy to commemorate our Lord's passion; H[=O]'LY-WRIT, the holy writings: the Scriptures.--HOLY ALLIANCE, a league formed after the fall of Napoleon (1815) by the sovereigns of Austria Russia, and Prussia, professedly to regulate all national and international relations in accordance with the principles of Christian charity; HOLY CITY, Jerusalem: also specially applied to Rome, Mecca, Benares, Allahabad, &c.; HOLY COAT, the seamless coat of Jesus, claimed to be kept at Trèves; HOLY COMMUNION (see COMMUNION); HOLY FAMILY, the infant Saviour with Joseph, Mary, &c.; HOLY GHOST, SPIRIT, the third person of the Trinity, proceeding from the Father and the Son; HOLY GRAIL (see GRAIL); HOLY GRASS, a sweet-smelling grass about a foot high, with a brownish glossy lax panicle--sometimes strewed on the floors of churches on festival days, whence its name; HOLY LAND, Palestine; HOLY OF HOLIES, THE MOST HOLY PLACE, the inner chamber of the Jewish tabernacle, which the high-priest alone might enter, and but once a year; HOLY ONE, God: Christ: the one who is holy, by way of emphasis: one separated to the service of God; HOLY ORDERS, ordination to the rank of minister in holy things: the Christian ministry; HOLY PLACES, scenes of the Saviour's life, the sepulchre, &c.; HOLY QUEST, the search for the Holy grail; HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE, the official denomination of the German Empire from 962 down to 1806, when Francis II. of Hapsburg resigned the imperial title; HOLY WAR, a name impiously given to a war for the extirpation of heresy, as that against the Albigenses, &c.: one of the Crusades. [A.S. _hálig_, lit. whole, perfect, healthy--_hál_, sound, whole; conn. with _hail_, _heal_, _whole_.]

HOLYWELL, hol'i-wel, in phrase, 'Holywell Street literature,' i.e. such books as used to be much sold in _Holywell_ Street, London--viz. filthy books.

HOMAGE, hom'[=a]j, _n._ the service due from a knight or vassal to his lord in feudal times, the vassal preferring to become his lord's man: the act of fealty: respect paid by external action: reverence directed to the Supreme Being: devout affection.--_n._ HOM'AGER, one who does homage. [O. Fr. _homage_--Low L. _homaticum_--L. _homo_, a man.]

HOME, h[=o]m, _n._ one's house or country: place of constant residence: the residence of a family: the seat, as of war: a charitable institution where domestic comforts are given to the destitute.--_adj._ pertaining to one's dwelling or country: domestic: close: severe.--_adv._ pertaining to one's habitation or country: close: closely: to the point: effectively.--_adjs._ HOME'-BORN, native, not foreign; HOME'BOUND, homeward-bound; HOME'-BRED, bred at home: native: domestic: plain: unpolished; HOME'-BREWED, brewed at home or for home use.--_n._ HOME'-FARM, the farm near the home or mansion of a gentleman.--_adjs._ HOME'FELT, felt in one's own breast: inward: private; HOME'-GROWN, produced in one's own country, not imported; HOME'-KEEP'ING, staying at home; HOME'LESS, without a home.--_n._ HOME'LESSNESS,--_adv._ HOME'LILY.--_n._ HOME'LINESS.--_adjs._ HOME'LY, pertaining to home: familiar: plain; HOME'-MADE, made at home: made in one's own country: plain.--_n._ HOM'ER, a pigeon trained to fly home from a distance.--_adj._ HOME'SICK, sick or grieved at separation from home.--_n._ HOME'SICKNESS.--_adj._ HOME'SPUN, spun or wrought at home: not made in foreign countries: plain: inelegant.--_n._ cloth made at home.--_ns._ HOME'STALL, HOME'STEAD, the place of a mansion-house: the enclosures immediately connected with it: original station.--_advs._ HOME'WARD, HOME'WARDS, towards home: towards one's habitation or country.--_adj._ in the direction of home.--_adj._ HOME'WARD-BOUND, bound homeward or to one's native land.--_adjs._ HOM'ING, having a tendency to return home; HOM'Y, home-like.--HOME CIRCUIT, the south-eastern circuit of Assize, including the home counties (except Middlesex), also Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, and Suffolk; HOME COUNTIES, the counties over and into which London has extended--Middlesex, Hertfordshire, Essex, Kent, Surrey; HOME DEPARTMENT, that part of government which is concerned with the maintenance of the internal peace of the United Kingdom--its headquarters the HOME OFFICE, its official head the HOME SECRETARY; HOME RULE, a form of self-government claimed by Ireland, with a separate parliament for the management of internal affairs.--AT HOME, in one's own house: at ease: familiar: a phrase signifying that a family will be at home at a fixed date, and ready to receive visitors--as a _n._--a reception; BRING HOME TO, to prove to, in such a way that there is no way of escaping the conclusion: to impress upon; EAT OUT OF HOUSE AND HOME, to live at the expense of another so as to ruin him; LONG HOME, the grave; MAKE ONE'S SELF AT HOME, to be as free and unrestrained as when in one's own house; PAY HOME, to strike to the quick: to retaliate. [A.S. _hám_; Dut. and Ger. _heim_, Goth. _haims_.]

HOMELYN, hom'el-in, _n._ a species of ray, found on the south coast of England.

HOMEOPATHY, h[=o]-me-op'a-thi, _n._ the system of curing diseases by small quantities of those drugs which excite symptoms similar to those of the disease.--_ns._ H[=O]'MEOPATH, HOMEOP'ATHIST, one who believes in or practises homeopathy.--_adj._ HOMEOPATH'IC, of or pertaining to homeopathy.--_adv._ HOMEOPATH'ICALLY. [Gr. _homoiopatheia_--_homoios_, like, _pathos_, feeling.]

HOMEOPLASY, h[=o]-m[=e]-[=o]-pl[=a]s'i, _n._ the taking on by one tissue of the form of another under plastic conditions, as in skin-grafting.--_adj._ HOMEOPLAST'IC [Gr. _homoios_, like, _plastos_--_plassein_, to form.]

HOMER, h[=o]'m[.e]r, _n._ a Hebrew measure of capacity, amounting to about 10 bushels and 3 gallons. [Heb. _kh[=o]mer_, a heap--_kh[=a]mar_, to swell up.]

HOMERIC, h[=o]-mer'ik, _adj._ pertaining to _Homer_, the great poet of Greece (c. 850 B.C.): pertaining to or resembling the poetry of Homer.--HOMERIC VERSE, hexameter verse, the metre of the Iliad and Odyssey.

HOMICIDE, hom'i-s[=i]d, _n._ manslaughter: one who kills another.--_adj._ HOM'ICIDAL, pertaining to homicide: murderous: bloody. [Fr.,--L. _homicidium_--_homo_, a man, _cæd[)e]re_, to kill.]

HOMILY, hom'i-li, _n._ a plain expository sermon, interpreting a passage of Scripture rather than working out a doctrine in detail: a hortatory discourse, essentially simple, practical, and scriptural.--_adjs._ HOMILET'IC, -AL.--_n._ HOMILET'ICS, the science which treats of homilies, and the best mode of preparing and delivering them.--_n._ HOM'ILIST, one who exhorts a congregation, or who composes homilies. [Gr. _homilia_, an assembly, a sermon--_homos_, the same, _il[=e]_, a crowd.]

HOMINY, hom'i-ni, _n._ maize hulled, or hulled and crushed, boiled with water: a kind of Indian-corn porridge. [American Indian _auhuminea_.]

HOMMOCK, hom'uk, _n._ a hillock or small conical eminence.--Also HUMM'OCK. [A dim. of _hump_, like _hillock_ from _hill_.]

HOMO, h[=o]'m[=o], _n._ generic man. [L.]

HOMOBARIC, h[=o]-m[=o]-bar'ik, _adj._ of uniform weight. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _baros_, weight.]

HOMOBLASTIC, h[=o]-m[=o]-blas'tik, _adj._ of the same germinal origin:--opp. of _Heteroblastic_. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _blastos_, a germ.]

HOMOCENTRIC, h[=o]-m[=o]-sen'trik, _adj._ having the same centre. [Fr. _homocentrique_--Gr. _homokentros_--_homos_, the same, _kentron_, centre.]

HOMOCERCAL, h[=o]-m[=o]-s[.e]r'kal, _adj._ having the upper fork of the tail similar to the lower one, as the herring:--opposed to _Heterocercal_. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _kerkos_, tail.]

HOMODERMIC, h[=o]-m[=o]-derm'ik, _adj._ homological in respect of derivation from one of the three primary blastoderms (_endoderm_, _mesoderm_, and _ectoderm_). [Gr. _homos_, the same, _derma_, skin.]

HOMODONT, h[=o]-m[=o]-dont, _adj._ having teeth all alike:--opp. of _Heterodont_.

HOMODROMOUS, h[=o]-mod'r[=o]-mus, _adj._ (_bot._) following the same direction, as the leaf-spirals on certain branches: (_obs._) having the power and the weight on the same side of the fulcrum, of a lever. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _dromos_, a course.]

HOMOEOMORPHOUS, h[=o]-m[=e]-[=o]-mor'fus, _adj._ having a like crystalline form, but not necessarily analogous composition.--_n._ HOMOEOMOR'PHISM. [Gr. _homoios_, like, _morph[=e]_, form.]

HOMOEOPATHY, &c. See HOMEOPATHY.

HOMOEOZOIC, h[=o]-m[=e]-[=o]-z[=o]'ik, _adj._ containing similar forms of life. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _z[=o][=e]_, life.]

HOMOGAMOUS, ho-mog'a-mus, _adj._ (_bot._) having all the florets hermaphrodite.--_n._ HOMOG'AMY. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _gamos_, marriage.]

HOMOGENEAL, h[=o]-m[=o]-j[=e]'ni-al, HOMOGENEOUS, h[=o]-m[=o]j[=e]'ni-us, _adj._ of the same kind or nature: having the constituent elements all similar.--_ns._ HOMOGE'NEOUSNESS, HOMOGEN[=E]'ITY, HOM[=O]'GENY, sameness of nature or kind. [Gr. _homogen[=e]s_--_homos_, one, same, _genos_, kind.]

HOMOGENESIS, h[=o]-m[=o]-jen'e-sis, _n._ (_biol._) a mode of reproduction in which the offspring is like the parent, and passes through the same cycle of existence.--_adj._ HOMOGENET'IC. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _genesis_, birth.]

HOMOGRAPH, hom'[=o]-graf, _n._ a word of the same form as another, but different meaning and origin.--Also _Homonym_.

HOMOIOUSIAN, h[=o]-moi-[=oo]'si-an, _adj._ similar in essence (as distinct from the Nicene _homo-ousion_ and the strictly Arian _hetero-ousion_), the semi-Arian position in the great Christological controversy of the 4th century (see ARIAN). [Gr. _homoios_, like, _ousia_, being--_einai_, to be.]

HOMOLOGATE, h[=o]-mol'o-g[=a]t, _v.t._ to say the same: to agree: to approve: to allow.--_n._ HOMOLOG[=A]'TION. [Low L. _homolog[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--Gr. _homologein_--_homos_, the same, _legein_, to say.]

HOMOLOGOUS, h[=o]-mol'o-gus, _adj._ agreeing: corresponding in relative position, proportion, value, or structure.--_adj._ HOMOLOG'ICAL.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ HOMOL'OGISE.--_ns._ HOM'OLOGUE, that which is homologous to something else, as the same organ in different animals under its various forms and functions; HOMOL'OGY, the quality of being homologous: affinity of structure, and not of form or use. [Gr. _homologos_--_homos_, the same, _legein_, to say.]

HOMOLOGUMENA, h[=o]-m[=o]-l[=o]-g[=oo]'me-na, _n.pl._ the books of the New Testament, whose authenticity was universally acknowledged in the early Church--opp. of _Antilegumena_. [Gr.,--_homologein_, to agree.]

HOMOMORPHOUS, h[=o]-m[=o]-mor'fus, _adj._ analogous, not homologous, superficially alike--also HOMOMOR'PHIC.--_n._ HOMOMOR'PHISM. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _morph[=e]_, form.]

HOMONYM, hom'o-nim, _n._ a word having the same sound as another, but a different meaning.--_adj._ HOMON'YMOUS, having the same name: having different significations: ambiguous: equivocal.--_adv._ HOMON'YMOUSLY.--_n._ HOMON'YMY, sameness of name, with difference of meaning: ambiguity: equivocation. [Fr. _homonyme_--Gr. _hom[=o]nymos_--_homos_, the same, _onoma_, name.]

HOMOOUSIAN, h[=o]-m[=o]-[=oo]'si-an, _adj._ of or belonging to identity or sameness of substance--the co-equality of the Son with the Father--the orthodox position which triumphed in the great Christological controversy of the 4th century (see ARIAN). [Gr. _homos_, same, _ousia_, being--_einai_, to be.]

HOMOPHONE, hom'o-f[=o]n, _n._ a letter or character having the same sound as another.--_adj._ HOMOPH'ONOUS, having the same sound.--_n._ HOMOPH'ONY. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _ph[=o]n[=e]_, sound.]

HOMOPLASTIC, h[=o]-m[=o]-plas'tik, _adj._ analogical or adaptive, and not homological in structure.--_ns._ HOM'[=O]PLASMY, HOM'[=O]PLASY. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _plastos_, _plassein_, to form.]

HOMOPTERA, hom-op't[.e]r-a, _n._ an order of insects having two pair of wings uniform throughout.--_adj._ HOMOP'TEROUS. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _pteron_, a wing.]

HOMOTAXIS, hom'o-tak'sis; _n._ (_geol._) similarity of order in organic succession, a term suggested by Huxley as a substitute for _contemporaneity_ (q.v.).--_adjs._ HOMOTAX'IAL, HOMOTAX'IC.--_adv._ HOMOTAX'ICALLY. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _taxis_, arrangement.]

HOMOTONOUS, h[=o]-mot'[=o]-nus, _adj._ of the same tenor or tone.--_n._ HOMOT'ONY.

HOMOTROPOUS, h[=o]-mot'r[=o]-pus, _adj._ turned or directed in the same way as something else: (_bot._) curved or turned in one direction.--Also HOMOT'ROPAL. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _tropos_, a turn.]

HOMOTYPE, hom'o-t[=i]p, _n._ that which has the same fundamental type of structure with something else.--_n._ HOM'OTYPY. [Gr. _homos_, the same, _typos_, type.]

HOMUNCULUS, h[=o]-mung'k[=u]-lus, _n._ a tiny man capable of being produced artificially, according to Paracelsus, endowed with magical insight and power: a dwarf, mannikin. [L., dim. of _homo_.]

HONE, h[=o]n, _n._ a stone of a fine grit for sharpening instruments.--_v.t._ to sharpen as on a hone. [A.S. _hán_; Ice. _hein_; allied to Gr. _k[=o]nos_, a cone.]

HONE, h[=o]n, _v.i._ to pine, moan, grieve. [Perh. Fr. _hogner_, to grumble.]

HONEST, on'est, _adj._ full of honour: just: the opposite of thievish, free from fraud: frank, fair-seeming, openly shown: chaste: (_B._) honourable.--_adv._ HON'ESTLY.--_n._ HON'ESTY, the state of being honest: integrity: candour: a small flowering plant, so called from its transparent seed-pouch: (_B._) becoming deportment: (_Shak._) chastity.--MAKE AN HONEST WOMAN OF, to marry, where the woman has been dishonoured first. [Fr.,--L. _honestus_--_honor_.]

HONEY, hun'i, _n._ a sweet, thick fluid collected by bees from the flowers of plants: anything sweet like honey.--_v.t._ to sweeten: to make agreeable:--_pr.p._ hon'eying; _pa.p._ hon'eyed (-'id).--_adj._ (_Shak._) sweet.--_ns._ HON'EY-BAG, an enlargement of the alimentary canal of the bee in which it carries its load of honey; HON'EYBEAR, a South American carnivorous mammal about the size of a cat, with a long protrusive tongue, which it uses to rob the nests of wild bees; HON'EY-BEE, the hive-bee; HON'EY-BUZZ'ARD, a genus of buzzards or falcons, so called from their feeding on bees, wasps, &c.; HON'EYCOMB, a comb or mass of waxy cells formed by bees, in which they store their honey: anything like a honeycomb.--_v.t._ to fill with cells: to perforate.--_adj._ HON'EYCOMBED (-k[=o]md), formed like a honeycomb.--_ns._ HON'EY-CROCK (_Spens._), a crock or pot of honey; HON'EYDEW, a sugary secretion from the leaves of plants in hot weather: a fine sort of tobacco moistened with molasses.--_adjs._ HON'EYED, HON'IED, covered with honey: sweet: flattering; HON'EYLESS, destitute of honey.--_ns._ HON'EY-GUIDE, -INDICATOR, a genus of African birds supposed to guide men to honey by hopping from tree to tree with a peculiar cry; HON'EY-L[=O]'CUST, an ornamental North American tree; HON'EYMOON, HON'EYMONTH, the first month after marriage, commonly spent in travelling, before settling down to the business of life.--_v.i._ to keep one's honeymoon.--_adj._ HON'EY-MOUTHED, having a honeyed mouth or speech: soft or smooth in speech.--_ns._ HON'EY-STALK, prob. the flower of the clover; HON'EY-SUCK'ER, a large family of Australian birds; HON'EYSUCKLE, a climbing shrub with beautiful cream-coloured flowers, so named because honey is readily sucked from the flower.--_adjs._ HON'EY-SWEET, sweet as honey; HON'EY-TONGUED, having a honeyed tongue or speech: soft or pleasing in speech.--VIRGIN HONEY, honey that flows of itself from the comb; WILD HONEY, honey made by wild bees. [A.S. _hunig_; Ger. _honig_, Ice. _hunang_.]

HONG, hong, _n._ a Chinese warehouse: a foreign mercantile establishment in China. [Chin.]

HONITON LACE. See LACE.

HONK, hongk, _n._ the cry of the wild goose.--_v.t._ to give the cry of the wild goose. [Imit.]

HONORARIUM, hon'or-[=a]'ri-um, _n._ a voluntary fee paid, esp. to a professional man for his services. [L. _honorarium_ (_donum_), honorary (gift).]

HONORARY, on'or-ar-i, _adj._ conferring honour: holding a title or office without performing services or receiving a reward.--_n._ a fee. [L. _honorarius_--_honor_.]

HONOUR, on'or, _n._ the esteem due or paid to worth: respect: high estimation: veneration, said of God: that which rightfully attracts esteem: exalted rank: distinction: excellence of character: nobleness of mind: any special virtue much esteemed: any mark of esteem: a title of respect: (_pl._) privileges of rank or birth: civilities paid: at whist, one of the four highest trump cards (if one pair of partners hold four honours they score four points; if three, two points; if only two, none--'Honours easy'): (_golf_) the right to play first from the tee: academic prizes or distinctions.--_v.t._ to hold in high esteem: to respect: to adore: to exalt: to accept and pay when due.--_adj._ HON'OURABLE, worthy of honour: illustrious: actuated by principles of honour: conferring honour: becoming men of exalted station: a title of distinction.--_n._ HON'OURABLENESS, eminence: conformity to the principles of honour: fairness.--_adv._ HON'OURABLY.--_adjs._ HON'OURED; HON'OURLESS.--_n._ HON'OUR-POINT (_her._), the point just above the fesse-point.--HONOUR BRIGHT! a kind of interjectional minor oath or appeal to honour; HONOURS OF WAR, the privileges granted to a capitulating force to march out with their arms, flags, &c.--AFFAIR OF HONOUR, a duel; DEBT OF HONOUR (see DEBT); LAST HONOURS, funeral rites: obsequies; LAWS OF HONOUR, the conventional rules of honourable conduct, esp. in the causes and conduct of duels; MAID OF HONOUR, a lady in the service of a queen or princess; POINT OF HONOUR, any scruple caused by a sense of duty: the obligation to demand and to receive satisfaction for an insult, esp. in the duel; UPON MY HONOUR, an appeal to one's honour or reputation in support of a certain statement; WORD OF HONOUR, a verbal promise which cannot be broken without disgrace. [Fr.,--L. _honor_.]

HOOD, hood, _n._ a covering for the head: anything resembling such: a folding roof for a carriage: an ornamental fold at the back of an academic gown, and worn over it.--_v.t._ to cover with a hood: to blind.--_adj._ HOOD'ED.--_n._ HOOD'IE-CROW, the hooded crow (_Corvus cornix_).--_adj._ HOOD'LESS, having no hood.--_ns._ HOOD'MAN, the person blindfolded in blindman's buff; HOOD'MAN-BLIND (_Shak._), blindman's buff. [A.S. _hód_; Dut. _hoed_, Ger. _hut_.]

HOODLUM, h[=oo]d'lum, _n._ (_U.S._) a rowdy, street bully.

HOODOCK, hood'ok, _adj._ (_Scot._) miserly.

HOODWINK, hood'wingk, _v.t._ to blindfold: (_Shak._) to cover: to deceive, impose on. [_Hood_, _wink_.]

HOOF, h[=oo]f, _n._ the horny substance on the feet of certain animals, as horses, &c.: a hoofed animal:--_pl._ HOOFS, HOOVES.--_v.i._ (of a hoofed animal) to walk.--_adjs._ HOOF'-BOUND, having a contraction of the hoof causing lameness; HOOFED; HOOF'LESS, without hoofs,--_n._ HOOF-MARK, the mark of an animal's hoof on the ground, &c.--_adj._ HOOF'-SHAPED.--CLOVEN HOOF (see CLOVEN). [A.S. _hóf_; Ger. _huf_, Ice. _hófr_.]

HOOK, hook, _n._ a piece of metal bent into a curve, so as to catch or hold anything: a snare: an advantageous hold: a curved instrument for cutting grain: a spit of land projecting into the sea, ending in a hook-shaped form.--_v.t._ to catch or hold with a hook: to draw as with a hook: to ensnare: (_golf_) to drive a ball widely to the left--also _Draw_.--_v.i._ to bend: to be curved.--_adj._ HOOKED.--_ns._ HOOK'EDNESS, the state of being bent like a hook; HOOK'ER, he who, or that which, hooks.--_adj._ HOOK'-NOSED, having a hooked or curved nose.--_n._ HOOK'-PIN, an iron pin with hooked head used for pinning the frame of a floor or roof together.--_adj._ HOOK'Y, full of, or pertaining to, hooks.--HOOK AND EYE, a contrivance for fastening dresses by means of a hook made to fasten on a ring or eye on another part of the dress; HOOK IT (_slang_), to decamp, make off.--BY HOOK OR BY CROOK, one way or the other; OFF THE HOOKS, out of gear: superseded: dead; ON ONE'S OWN HOOK, on one's own responsibility. [A.S. _hóc_; Dut. _haak_, Ger. _haken_.]

HOOKAH, HOOKA, h[=oo]'ka, _n._ the water tobacco-pipe of Arabs, Turks, &c. [Ar. _huqqa_.]

HOOKER, hook'[.e]r, _n._ a two-masted Dutch vessel, a small fishing-smack. [Dut. _hoeker_.]

HOOLIGAN, hoo'li-gan, _n._ one of a gang of street roughs, addicted to crimes of violence--HOO'LIGANISM. [From the name of a leader of such a gang.]

HOOLY, h[=oo]l'i, _adv._ (_Scot._) softly, carefully--also _adj._

HOOP, h[=oo]p, _n._ a pliant strip of wood or metal formed into a ring or band, for holding together the staves of casks, &c.: something resembling such: a large ring of wood or metal for a child to trundle: a ring: (_pl._) elastic materials used to expand the skirt of a lady's dress.--_v.t._ to bind with hoops: to encircle.--_ns._ HOOP'-ASH, a kind of ash much used for making hoops (same as _Nettle-tree_); HOOPED'-POT, a drinking-pot with hoops to mark the amount each man should drink; HOOP'ER, one who hoops casks: a cooper. [A.S. _hóp_; Dut. _hoep_.]

HOOP, h[=oo]p, _v.i._ to call out.--_n._ HOOP'ER, the wild swan. [_Whoop_.]

HOOPING-COUGH. See under WHOOP.

HOOPOE, h[=oo]p'[=o], HOOPOO, h[=oo]p'[=oo], _n._ a genus of crested birds allied to the hornbills. [L. _upupa_; Gr. _epops_.]

HOOT, h[=oo]t, _v.i._ to shout in contempt: to cry like an owl.--_v.t._ to drive with cries of contempt.--_n._ a scornful cry: the owl's cry. [Imit.; cf. Sw. _hut_, begone; W. _hwt_.]

HOOVE, h[=oo]v, _n._ a disease of cattle and sheep, marked by distention of the abdomen by gas--also _Wind-dropsy_, DRUM-BELLY.--_adjs._ HOOV'EN, H[=O]'VEN.

HOP, hop, _v.i._ to leap on one leg: to spring: to walk lame: to limp:--_pr.p._ hop'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ hopped.--_n._ a leap on one leg: a jump: a spring: a dance, dancing-party.--_ns._ HOP'-O'-MY-THUMB, the diminutive hero of one of Madame D'Aulnoy's famous nursery tales--'_le petit pouce_,' not to be confounded with the English Tom Thumb; HOP'PER, one who hops: a shaking or conveying receiver, funnel, or trough in which something is placed to be passed or fed, as to a mill: a boat having a movable part in its bottom for emptying a dredging-machine: a vessel in which seed-corn is carried for sowing; HOP'PING, the act of one who hops or leaps on one leg; HOP'-SCOTCH, a game in which children hop over lines scotched or traced on the ground.--HOP, SKIP, AND JUMP, a leap on one leg, a skip, and a jump with both legs; HOP THE TWIG (_slang_), to escape one's creditors: to die. [A.S. _hoppian_, to dance; Ger. _hüpfen_.]

HOP, hop, _n._ a plant with a long twining stalk, the bitter cones of which are much used in brewing and in medicine.--_v.t._ to mix with hops.--_v.i._ to gather hops:--_pr.p._ hop'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ hopped.--_ns._ HOP'BIND (corrupted into _Hopbine_), the stalk of the hop; HOP'-FLEA, a small coleopterous insect, very destructive to hop plantations in spring; HOP'-FLY, a species of Aphis, or plant-louse, injurious to hop plantations; HOP'-OAST, a kiln for drying hops.--_adj._ HOPPED, impregnated with hops.--_ns._ HOP'PER, HOP'-PICK'ER, one who picks hops; a mechanical contrivance for stripping hops from the vines; HOP'PING, the act of gathering hops: the time of the hop harvest; HOP'-POCK'ET, a coarse sack for hops--as a measure, about 1½ cwt. of hops; HOP'-POLE, a slender pole supporting a hop-vine.--_adj._ HOP'PY, tasting of hops.--_ns._ HOP'-TREE, an American shrub, with bitter fruit, a poor substitute for hops; HOP'-VINE, the stock or stem of the hop; HOP'-YARD, a field where hops are grown. [Dut. _hop_; Ger. _hopfen_.]

HOPE, h[=o]p, _v.i._ to cherish a desire of good with expectation of obtaining it: to have confidence.--_v.t._ to desire with expectation or with belief in the prospect of obtaining.--_n._ a desire of some good, with expectation of obtaining it: confidence: anticipation: he who, or that which, furnishes ground of expectation: that which is hoped for.--_adj._ HOPE'FUL, full of hope: having qualities which excite hope: promising good or success.--_adv._ HOPE'FULLY.--_n._ HOPE'FULNESS.--_adj._ HOPE'LESS, without hope: giving no ground to expect good or success: desperate.--_adv._ HOPE'LESSLY.--_n._ HOPE'LESSNESS.--_adv._ H[=O]P'INGLY.--HOPE AGAINST HOPE, to continue to hope when there is no sufficient reason. [A.S. _hopian_--_hopa_, hope; Dut. _hopen_, Ger. _hoffen_.]

HOPE, h[=o]p, _n._ a hollow, a mound: the upper end of a narrow mountain-valley: a comb--common in north country place-names.

HOPLITE, hop'l[=i]t, _n._ a heavy-armed Greek foot-soldier. [Gr. _hoplit[=e]s_.]

HOPPLE, hop'l, _v.t._ to tie the feet close together to prevent hopping or running.--_n._ (chiefly in _pl._) a fetter for horses, &c., when left to graze. [A parallel form to _hobble_, a freq. of _hop_.]

HORAL, h[=o]r'al, _adj._ relating to an hour.--_adj._ HOR'ARY, pertaining to an hour: noting the hours: hourly: continuing an hour. [L. _hora_, an hour.]

HORATIAN, h[=o]-r[=a]'shan, _adj._ pertaining to _Horace_, the Latin poet (65-8 B.C.), or to his style.

HORDE, h[=o]rd, _n._ a migratory or wandering tribe or clan.--_v.i._ to live together as a horde.--GOLDEN HORDE (see GOLDEN). [Fr.,--Turk. _ord[=u]_, camp--Pers. _[=o]rd[=u]_, court, camp, horde of Tatars.]

HORDEUM, hor'd[=e]-um, _n._ a genus of plants of order _Gramineæ_, with twelve species.--_adj._ HORDE[=A]'CEOUS, barley-like.--_n._ HORD[=E]'OLUM, a sty on the edge of the eyelid. [L., barley.]

HOREHOUND. See HOARHOUND.

HORIZON, ho-r[=i]'zun, _n._ the circular line formed by the apparent meeting of the earth and sky--in astronomical phrase, the _sensible_, _apparent_, or _visible horizon_, as opposed to the _astronomical_, _true_, or _rational_ horizon, the circle formed by a plane passing through the centre of the earth, parallel to the sensible horizon, and produced to meet the heavens: (_geol._) a stratum marked by the presence of a particular fossil not found in the overlying or underlying beds: any level line or surface: the limit of one's experience or apprehension.--_adj._ HORIZON'TAL, pertaining to the horizon: parallel to the horizon: level: near the horizon: measured in a plane of the horizon.--_n._ HORIZONTAL'ITY.--_adv._ HORIZON'TALLY.--ARTIFICIAL HORIZON, a small trough containing quicksilver, the surface of which affords a reflection of the celestial bodies. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _horiz[=o]n_ (_kyklos_), bounding (circle), _horizein_, to bound--_horos_, a limit.]

HORN, horn, _n._ the hard substance projecting from the heads of certain animals, as oxen, &c.: something made of or like a horn, as a powder-horn, a drinking-horn: a symbol of strength: (_mus._) a hunting-horn: an orchestral wind-instrument of the trumpet class, with a slender twisted brass tube and bell mouth--also distinctively _French horn_.--_v.t._ to furnish with horns.--_adj._ HORNED.--_ns._ HORN'BEAK, the garfish; HORN'BEAM, a tree of Europe and America, the hard white wood of which is used by joiners, &c.; HORN'BILL, a bird about the size of the turkey, having a horny excrescence on its bill; HORN'BOOK, a first book for children, which formerly consisted of a single leaf set in a frame, with a thin plate of transparent horn in front to preserve it; HORN'-BUG, a common North American beetle; HORNED'-HORSE, the gnu; HORNED'-OWL, HORN'OWL, a species of owl, so called from two tufts of feathers on its head, like horns; HORN'ER, one who works or deals in horns: a trumpeter.--_adj._ HORN'-FOOT'ED, having a hoof or horn on the foot.--_ns._ HORN'-GATE, one of the two gates of Dreams, through which pass those visions that come true, while out of the ivory-gate pass the unreal; HORN'IE, the devil, usually represented with horns; HORN'ING, appearance of the moon when in its crescent form: (_U.S._) a mock serenade with tin horns and any discordant instruments by way of showing public disapproval.--_adjs._ HORN'ISH, like horn: hard; HORN'LESS, without horns.--_n._ HORN'LET, a little horn.--_adj._ HORN'-MAD, mad with rage, as the cuckold at the moment of discovery.--_ns._ HORNMAD'NESS (_Browning_); HORN'-MAK'ER (_Shak._), a cuckold-maker; HORN'-MER'CURY, mercurous chloride or calomel; HORN'-SIL'VER, silver chloride; HORN'STONE, a stone much like flint, but more brittle [_horn_ and _stone_]; HORN'WORK (_fort._), an outwork having angular points or horns, and composed of two demi-bastions joined by a curtain; HORN'WRACK, the sea-mat or lemon-weed.--_adjs._ HORN'Y, like horn: hard: callous; HORN'Y-HAND'ED, with hands hardened by toil.--HORN OF PLENTY, the symbol of plenty, carried by Ceres in her left arm, filled to overflowing with fruits and flowers (see CORNUCOPIA); HORNS OF A DILEMMA (see DILEMMA); HORNS OF THE ALTAR, the projections at the four corners of the Hebrew altar, to which the victim was bound when about to be sacrificed.--LETTERS OF HORNING (_Scots law_), letters running in the sovereign's name, and passing the signet, instructing messengers-at-arms to charge the debtor to pay, on his failure a caption or warrant for his apprehension being granted; PULL, or DRAW, IN ONE'S HORNS, to restrain one's ardour or one's pretensions; PUT TO THE HORN (_old Scots law_), to outlaw by three blasts of the horn at the Cross of Edinburgh; WEAR HORNS, to be a cuckold. [A.S. _horn_; Scand. and Ger. _horn_, Gael. and W. _corn_, L. _cornu_, Gr. _keras_.]

HORNBLENDE, horn'blend, _n._ a mineral of various colours, found in granite and other igneous rocks that contain quartz. [Ger. _horn_, horn, and _-blende_--_blenden_, to dazzle.]

HORNET, horn'et, _n._ a species of wasp, so called from its antennæ or horns: a person who pesters with petty but ceaseless attacks.--BRING A HORNET'S NEST ABOUT ONE'S EARS, to stir up enemies and enmities against one's self. [A.S. _hyrnet_, dim. of _horn_.]

HORNITO, hor-n[=e]'t[=o], _n._ a low oven-shaped fumarole, common in South American volcanic regions. [Sp., dim. of _horno_, an oven.]

HORNPIPE, horn'p[=i]p, _n._ an old Welsh musical instrument resembling the clarinet: a lively air: a lively English dance, usually by one person, popular amongst sailors.

HOROGRAPHY, hor-og'ra-fi, _n._ the art of constructing dials or instruments for indicating the hours.--_n._ HOROG'RAPHER. [Gr. _h[=o]ra_, an hour, _graphein_, to describe.]

HOROLOGE, hor'o-l[=o]j, _n._ any instrument for telling the hours.--_ns._ HOROL'OGER, HOROLOGIOG'RAPHER, HOROL'OGIST, a maker of clocks, &c.--_adjs._ HOROLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._ HOROLOGIOG'RAPHY, the art of constructing timepieces; HOROL'OGY, the science which treats of the construction of machines for telling the hours: the office-book of the Greek Church for the canonical hours. [O. Fr. _horologe_ (Fr. _horloge_)--L. _horologium_--Gr. _h[=o]rologion_--_h[=o]ra_, an hour, _legein_, to tell.]

HOROMETRY, hor-om'et-ri, _n._ the art or practice of measuring time.--_adj._ HOROMET'RICAL. [Gr. _h[=o]ra_, an hour, _metron_, a measure.]

HOROSCOPE, hor'o-sk[=o]p, _n._ an observation of the heavens at the hour of a person's birth, by which the astrologer predicted the events of his life: a representation of the heavens for this purpose.--_adj._ HOROSCOP'IC.--_ns._ HOROS'COPIST, an astrologer; HOROS'COPY, the art of predicting the events of a person's life from his horoscope: aspect of the stars at the time of birth. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _h[=o]roskopos_--_h[=o]ra_, an hour, _skopein_, to observe.]