Chapter IV: Epilogue: , ep'i-log, n. the conclusion of a book: a speech or short poem (1)

at the end of a play.--_adjs._ EPILOG'IC (-loj'ik), EPILOGIS'TIC.--_v.i._ EPIL'OGISE ('o-j[=i]z), to write an epilogue. [Fr.--L.--Gr. _epilogos_, conclusion--_epi_, upon, _legein_, to speak.]

EPINASTY, ep'i-nas-ti, _n._ (_bot._) curvature of an organ, caused by a more active growth on its upper side.--_adj._ EPINAS'TIC.--_adv._ EPINAS'TICALLY.

EPIPERIPHERAL, ep-i-pe-rif'e-ral, _adj._ situated on the periphery or outer surface of the body.

EPIPETALOUS, ep-i-pet'a-lus, _adj._ (_bot._) inserted or growing on a petal.

EPIPHANY, e-pif'an-i, _n._ a church festival celebrated on Jan. 6, in commemoration of the manifestation of Christ to the wise men of the East: the manifestation of a god. [Gr. _epiphaneia_, appearance--_epi_, to, _phainein_, to show.]

EPIPHLOEUM, ep-i-fl[=e]'um, _n._ (_bot._) the corky envelope of the bark next the epidermis.

EPIPHRAGM, ep'i-fram, _n._ (_bot._) the dilated apex of the columella in urn-mosses: the disc with which certain molluscs close the aperture of their shell.

EPIPHYLLOSPERMOUS, ep-i-fil-[=o]-sper'mus, _adj._ (_bot._) bearing fruit on the back of the fronds, as ferns.

EPIPHYLLOUS, ep-i-fil'us, _adj._ (_bot._) growing upon a leaf, esp. on its upper surface.

EPIPHYSIS, ep-if'i-sis, _n._ any portion of a bone having its own centre of ossification: the pineal gland: a small upper piece of each half of an alveolus of a sea-urchin:--_pl._ EPIPH'YSES. [Gr.]

EPIPHYTE, ep'i-f[=i]t, _n._ one of a species of plants attached to trees, and deriving their nourishment from the decaying portions of the bark, and perhaps also from the air.--_adjs._ EPIPHY'TAL, EPIPHYT'IC. [Gr. _epi_, upon, and _phyton_, a plant.]

EPIPLASTRON, ep-i-plas'tron, _n._ the anterior lateral one of the nine pieces of which the plastron of a turtle may consist.

EPIPLOON, e-pip'l[=o]-on, _n._ the great omentum.--_adj._ EPIPL[=O]'IC. [Gr.]

EPIPOLISM, e-pip'[=o]-lizm, _n._ fluorescence.--_adj._ EPIPOL'IC. [Gr.]

EPIRHIZOUS, ep-i-r[=i]'zus, _adj._ growing on a root.

EPISCOPACY, e-pis'ko-pas-i, _n._ the government of the church by bishops: the office of a bishop: the period of office: the bishops, as a class.--_adj._ EPIS'COPAL, governed by bishops: belonging to or vested in bishops.--_adj._ EPISCOP[=A]'LIAN, belonging to bishops, or government by bishops.--_n._ one who belongs to the Episcopal Church.--_n._ EPISCOP[=A]'LIANISM, episcopalian government and doctrine.--_adv._ EPIS'COPALLY.--_ns._ EPIS'COPANT (_Milt._); EPIS'COPATE, a bishopric: the office of a bishop: the order of bishops.--_v.i._ (_Milt._) to act as a bishop.--_v.t._ EPIS'COP[=I]SE.--_n._ EPIS'COPY (_Milt._), survey, superintendence. [L. _episcopatus_--Gr. _episkopos_, an overseer.]

EPISEMON, ep-i-s[=e]'mon, _n._ the characteristic device of a city, &c.: one of three obsolete Greek letters used as numerals--[vau], vau; [koppa], koppa; and [san], san, sampi.

EPISODE, ep'i-s[=o]d, _n._ a story introduced into a narrative or poem to give variety: an interesting incident.--_adjs._ EP'IS[=O]DAL, EPIS[=O]'DIAL, EPIS[=O]D'IC, EPIS[=O]D'ICAL, pertaining to or contained in an episode: brought in as a digression.--_adv._ EPIS[=O]D'ICALLY, by way of episode: incidentally. [Gr. _epeisodion_--_epi_, upon, _eisodos_, a coming in--_eis_, into, _hodos_, a way.]

EPISPASTIC, ep-i-spas'tik, _adj._ producing a blister on the skin.--_n._ a blister.

EPISPERM, ep'i-sp[.e]rm, _n._ the outer integument of a seed. [Gr. _epi_, upon, and _sperma_, seed.]

EPISTAXIS, ep-is-tak'sis, _n._ bleeding from the nose.

EPISTEMOLOGY, ep-is-t[=e]-mol'oj-i, _n._ the theory of knowledge.--_adj._ EPISTEMOLOG'ICAL. [Gr. _epist[=e]m[=e]_, knowledge, _logia_, discourse.]

EPISTERNUM, ep-i-ster'num, _n._ the interclavicle: the epiplastron: the presternum of mammals.--_adj._ EPISTER'NAL.

EPISTILBITE, ep-i-stil'b[=i]t, _n._ a whitish hydrous silicate of aluminium, calcium, and sodium.

EPISTLE, e-pis'l, _n._ a writing sent to one, a letter: esp. a letter to an individual or church from an apostle, as the Epistles of Paul: the extract from one of the apostolical epistles read as part of the communion service.--_v.i._ (_Milt._) to preface.--_ns._ EPIS'TLER, EPIS'TOLER, a letter-writer; EPIS'TLER, one who reads the liturgical epistle in the communion service.--_adjs._ EPIS'TOLARY, EPIS'TOLATORY, EPISTOL'IC, -AL, pertaining to or consisting of epistles or letters: suitable to an epistle: contained in letters.--_n._ EPIS'TOLET, a short letter.--_v.i._ EPIS'TOLISE, to write a letter.--_ns._ EPIS'TOLIST, a writer of letters; EPISTOLOG'RAPHY, letter-writing. [O. Fr.,--L. _epistola_--Gr. _epistol[=e]_--_epi_, _stellein_, to send.]

EPISTROPHE, e-pis'tr[=o]-f[=e], _n._ (_rhet._) a form of repetition in which successive clauses end with the same word, as in 2 Cor. xi. 22: a refrain in music.

EPISTYLE, ep'i-st[=i]l, _n._ Same as ARCHITRAVE. [Gr. _epi_, upon, _stylos_, a pillar.]

EPITAPH, ep'i-taf, _n._ a commemorative inscription on a tombstone or monument.--_v.t._ to write an epitaph upon.--_adjs._ EPITAPH'IAN, EPITAPH'IC.--_n._ EP'ITAPHIST, a writer of epitaphs. [Gr. _epitaphion_--_epi_, upon, _taphos_, a tomb.]

EPITASIS, e-pit'a-sis, _n._ the main action of a Greek drama, leading to the catastrophe--opp. to _Protasis_.

EPITHALAMIUM, ep-i-tha-l[=a]'mi-um, _n._ a song or poem in celebration of a marriage.--_adj._ EPITHALAM'IC. [Gr. _epithalamion_--_epi_, upon, _thalamos_, a bedchamber, marriage.]

EPITHELIUM, ep-i-th[=e]'li-um, _n._ the cell-tissue which invests the outer surface of the body and the mucous membranes connected with it, and also the closed cavities of the body.--_adj._ EPITH[=E]'LIAL.--_n._ EPITHELI[=O]'MA, carcinoma of the skin.--_adj._ EPITHELIOM'ATOUS. [Gr.,--_epi_, upon, _th[=e]l[=e]_, nipple.]

EPITHEM, ep'i-them, _n._ (_med._) a soft external application. [Gr. _epithema_--_epi_, upon, _tithenai_, to place.]

EPITHET, ep'i-thet, _n._ an adjective expressing some real quality of the thing to which it is applied, or an attribute expressing some quality ascribed to it: (_Shak._) term, expression.--_v.t._ to term.--_adj._ EPITHET'IC, pertaining to an epithet: abounding with epithets.--_n._ EPITH'ETON (_Shak._), epithet. [Gr. _epithetos_, added--_epi_, on, _tithenai_, to place.]

EPITHYMETIC, ep-i-thim-et'ik, _adj._ pertaining to desire. [Gr.,--_epi_, upon, _thymos_, the soul.]

EPITOME, e-pit'o-me, _n._ an abridgment or short summary of anything, as of a book.--_adj._ EPITOM'ICAL, like an epitome.--_v.t._ EPIT'OMISE, to make an epitome of: to shorten: to condense.--_ns._ EPIT'OMISER, EPIT'OMIST, one who abridges.--IN EPITOME, on a small scale. [Gr.,--_epi_, _temnein_, to cut.]

EPITONIC, ep-i-ton'ik, _adj._ overstrained. [Gr.,--_epi_, upon, _teinein_, to stretch.]

EPITRITE, ep'i-tr[=i]t, _n._ (_pros._) a foot made up of three long syllables and one short. [L.,--Gr.,--_epi_, in addition, _tritos_, the third.]

EPIZEUXIS, ep-i-z[=u]k'sis, _n._ (_rhet._) the immediate repetition of a word for emphasis. [Gr.]

EPIZOON, ep-i-z[=o]'on, _n._ a parasitic animal that lives on the bodies of other animals and derives its nourishment from the skin--also EPIZ[=O]'AN:--_pl._ EPIZ[=O]'A.--_adj._ EPIZOOT'IC, pertaining to epizoa: (_geol._) containing fossil remains: epidemic, as applied to animals. [Gr. _epi_, upon, _z[=o]on_, an animal.]

EPOCH, ep'ok, or [=e]'-, _n._ a point of time fixed or made remarkable by some great event from which dates are reckoned: a period remarkable for important events: (_astron._) the mean heliocentric longitude of a planet in its orbit at any given time.--_adjs._ EP'OCHAL; EP'OCH-M[=A]'KING.--MAKE, MARK, AN EPOCH, to begin an important era. [Gr. _epoch[=e]_--_epechein_, to stop--_epi_, upon, _echein_, to hold.]

EPODE, ep'[=o]d, _n._ a kind of lyric poem invented by Archilochus, in which a longer verse is followed by a shorter one: the last part of a lyric ode, sung after the strophe and antistrophe.--_adj._ EPOD'IC. [Gr. _ep[=o]dos_--_epi_, on, _[=o]d[=e]_, an ode.]

EPONYM, ep'o-nim, _n._ a mythical personage created to account for the name of a tribe or people: a special title.--_adj._ EPON'YMOUS. [Gr. _epi_, upon, to, _onoma_, a name.]

EPOPEE, ep'o-p[=e], EPOPOEIA, ep-o-p[=e]'ya, _n._ epic poetry: an epic poem. [Formed from Gr. _epopoiia_--_epos_, a word, an epic poem, _poiein_, to make.]

EPOPT, ep'opt, _n._ one initiated into the Eleusinian mysteries. [Gr. _epi_, upon, and root _op-_, to see.]

EPOS, ep'os, _n._ the elementary stage of epic poetry: an epic poem: a series of events such as are treated in epic poetry. [L.,--Gr. _epos_, a word.]

EPROUVETTE, ep-roov-et', _n._ a machine for testing the strength of gunpowder. [Fr.,--_éprouver_, to try.]

EPSOM, ep'sum, _n._ a useful purgative medicine, acting as a refrigerant, and sometimes as a diuretic.--Also EP'SOM-SALT. [From _Epsom_, a town in Surrey.]

EPULOTIC, ep-[=u]-lot'ik, _adj._ cicatrising.--_n._ a cicatrising medicament.

EQUABLE, [=e]'kwa-bl, or ek'wa-bl, _adj._ equal and uniform: smooth: not variable: of even temper.--_ns._ EQUABIL'ITY, E'QUABLENESS, the state or condition of being equable.--_adv._ E'QUABLY. [L. _æquabilis_--_æqu[=a]re_--_æquus_, equal.]

EQUAL, [=e]'kwal, _adj._ identical: of the same value: adequate: in just proportion: fit: equable: uniform: equitable: evenly balanced: just.--_n._ one of the same age, rank, &c.--_v.t._ to be, or to make, equal to:--_pr.p._ [=e]'qualling; _pa.p._ [=e]'qualled.--_n._ EQUALIS[=A]'TION, the act of making equal: state of being equalised.--_v.t._ E'QUALISE, to make equal.--_adj._ and _n._ EQUALIT[=A]R'IAN, of or pertaining to the equality of mankind.--_n._ EQUAL'ITY, the condition of being equal: sameness: evenness.--_adv._ E'QUALLY.--_n._ E'QUALNESS, the state of being equal: evenness: uniformity.--_v.t._ EQU[=A]TE', to reduce to an average or to a common standard of comparison: to regard as equal:--_pr.p._ equ[=a]t'ing; _pa.p._ equ[=a]t'ed.--_ns._ EQU[=A]'TION, the act of making equal: (_alg._) a statement of the equality of two quantities: reduction to a mean proportion; EQU[=A]'TOR (_geog._), a great circle passing round the middle of the globe and dividing it into two equal parts: (_astron._) the equinoctial.--_adj._ EQUAT[=O]'RIAL, of or pertaining to the equator.--_n._ an instrument for observing and following a celestial body in any part of its diurnal course.--_adv._ EQUAT[=O]'RIALLY, so as to have motion or direction parallel to the equator.--EQUAL TO THE OCCASION, fit or able for an emergency.--EQUATION OF TIME, the reduction from mean solar time to apparent solar time.--AN EQUAL (_Spens._), a state of equality.--PERSONAL EQUATION, any error common to all the observations of some one person, any tendency to error or prejudice due to the personal characteristics of some person for which allowance must be made. [L. _æqualis_--_æqu[=a]re_, to make equal--_æquus_, equal.]

EQUANIMITY, [=e]-kwa-nim'i-ti, _n._ equality or evenness of mind or temper.--_adj._ EQUAN'IMOUS.--_adv._ EQUAN'IMOUSLY. [L. _æquanimitas_--_æquus_, equal, _animus_, the mind.]

EQUERRY, ek'we-ri, _n._ in the royal household, an official under the Master of the Horse, whose main duty is to accompany the sovereign when riding in state. [Fr. _écurie_--Low L. _scuria_, a stable--Old High Ger. _scûr_ (Ger. _scheuer_), a shed.]

EQUESTRIAN, e-kwes'tri-an, _adj._ pertaining to horses or horsemanship: on horseback.--_n._ one who rides on horseback:--_fem._ EQUESTRIENNE'.--_n._ EQUES'TRIANISM, horsemanship. [L. _equester_, _equestris_--_eques_, a horseman--_equus_, a horse.]

EQUI-, [=e]'kwi, a prefix meaning equal, from L. _æquus_.--_adj._ EQUIAN'GULAR, consisting of or having equal angles.--_n._ EQUIBAL'ANCE, equal weight.--_adjs._ EQUIDIFF'ERENT, having equal differences; EQUIDIS'TANT, equally distant.--_adv._ EQUIDIS'TANTLY.--_adj._ EQUILAT'ERAL, having all sides equal.--_v.t._ EQUIL[=I]'BR[=A]TE, to balance: to counterpoise.--_ns._ EQUILIBR[=A]'TION; EQUILIB'RITY, EQUILIB'RIUM, equal balancing: equality of weight or force: level position; EQUIMUL'TIPLE, a number multiplied by the same number as another.--_adj._ EQUIP[=E]'DAL, equal-footed.--_ns._ EQUIPEN'DENCY, act of hanging in equipoise; E'QUIPOISE, equality of weight or force: the state of a balance when the two weights are equal.--_v.t._ to counterbalance.--_n._ EQUIS[=O]'NANCE, the consonance which exists between octaves.--_adj._ E'QUIVALVE, having valves equal in size or form.

EQUINE, [=e]'kw[=i]n, EQUINAL, [=e]-kw[=i]n'al, _adj._ pertaining to a horse or horses.--_n._ EQUIN'IA, horse-pox, glanders, farcy. [L. _equinus_--_equus_, a horse.]

EQUINOX, [=e]'kwi-noks, _n._ the time when the sun crosses the equator, making the night equal in length to the day, about 21st March and 23d Sept.--_adj._ EQUINOC'TIAL, pertaining to the equinoxes, the time of the equinoxes, or to the regions about the equator.--_n._ a great circle in the heavens corresponding to the equator of the earth.--_adv._ EQUINOC'TIALLY, in the direction of the equinox.--EQUINOCTIAL GALES, high gales popularly supposed to prevail about the times of the equinoxes--the belief is unsupported by observation. [L. _æquus_, equal, _nox_, _noctis_, night.]

EQUIP, e-kwip', _v.t._ to fit out: to furnish with everything needed for any service or work:--_pr.p._ equip'ping; _pa.p._ equipped'.--_n._ E'QUIP[=A]GE, that with which one is equipped: furniture required for any service, as that of a soldier, &c.: a carriage and attendants, retinue.--_v.t._ (_obs._) to furnish with an equipage.--_n._ EQUIP'MENT, the act of equipping: the state of being equipped: things used in equipping or furnishing: outfit. [Fr. _équiper_, prob. Ice. _skipa_, to set in order, _skip_, a ship.]

EQUIPOLLENT, e-kwi-pol'ent, _adj._ having equal power or force: equivalent.--_n._ an equivalent.--_ns._ EQUIPOLL'ENCE, EQUIPOLL'ENCY. [L. _æquus_, equal, _pollens_, _pollentis_, pr.p. of _poll[=e]re_, to be able.]

EQUIPONDERATE, [=e]-kwi-pon'd[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.i._ to be equal in weight: to balance.--_adj._ equal in weight.--_n._ EQUIPON'DERANCE.--_adj._ EQUIPON'DERANT. [L. _æquus_, equal, _pondus_, _ponderis_, weight.]

EQUISETUM, ek-wi-s[=e]'tum, _n._ a genus of herbaceous plants having leafless articulated and whorled stems and branches--also _Horse-tail_.--_adjs._ EQUISET[=A]'CEOUS; EQUISET'IC; EQUISET'IFORM. [L.,--_equus_, a horse, _seta_, a bristle.]

EQUITATION, ek-wi-t[=a]'shun, _n._ the art of riding on horseback.--_adjs._ EQ'UITANT, riding: straddling, overlapping; EQUIV'OROUS, eating horse-flesh. [L.,--_equit[=a]re_--_equus_, a horse.]

EQUITY, ek'wi-ti, _n._ right as founded on the laws of nature: moral justice, of which laws are the imperfect expression: the spirit of justice which enables us to interpret laws rightly: fairness.--_adj._ EQ'UITABLE, possessing or showing equity: held or exercised in equity.--_n._ EQ'UITABLENESS.--_adv._ EQ'UITABLY. [Fr. _equité_--L. _æquitas_--_æquus_, equal.]

EQUIVALENT, e-kwiv'a-lent, _adj._ equal in value, power, meaning, &c.--_n._ a thing equivalent.--_n._ EQUIV'ALENCE.--_adv._ EQUIV'ALENTLY. [Fr.,--L. _æquus_, equal, _valens_, _valentis_, pr.p. of _val[=e]re_, to be worth.]

EQUIVOCAL, e-kwiv'[=o]-kal, _adj._ capable of meaning two or more things: of doubtful meaning: capable of a double explanation: suspicious: questionable.--_adv._ EQUIV'OCALLY.--_n._ EQUIV'OCALNESS.--_v.i._ EQUIV'OC[=A]TE, to use equivocal or doubtful words in order to mislead.--_ns._ EQUIVOC[=A]'TION, act of equivocating or using ambiguous words to mislead; EQUIV'OC[=A]TOR.--_adj._ EQUIV'OC[=A]TORY, containing or characterised by equivocation.--_ns._ E'QUIVOKE, E'QUIVOQUE, an equivocal expression: equivocation: a quibble. [L. _æquus_, equal, _vox_, _vocis_, the voice, a word.]

ERA, [=e]'ra, _n._ a series of years reckoned from a particular point, or that point itself: an important date. [Late L. _æra_, a number, orig. 'counters,' pieces of copper used in counting, being the neut.pl. of _æs_, _æris_, copper.]

ERADIATE, e-r[=a]'di-[=a]t, _v.i._ to shoot out like a ray of light:--_pr.p._ er[=a]'diating; _pa.p._ er[=a]'diated.--_n._ ERADI[=A]'TION, the act of eradiating; emission of radiance. [L. _e_, out, _radius_, a ray.]

ERADICATE, e-rad'i-k[=a]t, _v.t._ to pull up by the roots: to destroy.--_adj._ ERAD'ICABLE, that may be eradicated.--_p.adj._ ERAD'IC[=A]TED, rooted up: (_her._) said of a tree, or part of a tree, torn up by the roots.--_n._ ERADIC[=A]'TION, the act of eradicating: state of being eradicated.--_adj._ ERAD'IC[=A]TIVE, serving to eradicate or drive thoroughly away.--_n._ ERAD'IC[=A]TOR. [L. _eradic[=a]re_, to root out--_e_, out, _radix_, _radicis_, a root.]

ERASE, e-r[=a]s', _v.t._ to rub or scrape out: to efface: to destroy.--_adj._ ER[=A]'SABLE.--_p.adj._ ERASED', rubbed out: effaced: (_her._) torn off, so as to leave jagged edges.--_ns._ ER[=A]'SER, one who, or that which, erases, as _ink-eraser_; ER[=A]'SION, ERASE'MENT, ER[=A]'SURE, the act of erasing: a rubbing out: the place where something written has been rubbed out. [L. _erad[)e]re_--_e_, out, _rad[)e]re_, _rasum_, to scrape.]

ERASTIAN, e-rast'yan, _n._ a follower of Thomas _Erastus_ (1524-83), a Swiss physician, who denied the church the right to inflict excommunication and disciplinary penalties: one who minimises the spiritual independence of the church, subordinating her jurisdiction to the state--a position not held by Erastus at all.--_adj._ relating to the Erastians or their doctrines.--_n._ ERAST'IANISM, control of church by state.

ERATO, er'a-t[=o], _n._ the Muse of lyric poetry.

ERBIUM, er'bi-um, _n._ a rare metal, the compounds of which are present in the mineral gadolinite, found at Ytterby in Sweden. [From Ytt_erby_.]

ERE, [=a]r, _adv._ before, sooner.--_prep._ before.--_conj._ sooner than.--_advs._ ERELONG', before long: soon; ERENOW', before this time; EREWHILE', formerly: some time before. [A.S. _['æ]r_; cf. Dut. _eer_.]

EREBUS, er'e-bus, _n._ (_myth._) the dark and gloomy cavern between earth and Hades: the lower world, hell. [L.,--Gr. _Erebos_.]

ERECT, e-rekt', _v.t._ to set upright: to raise: to build: to exalt: to establish.--_adj._ upright: directed upward.--_adj._ ERECT'ED.--_ns._ ERECT'ER, ERECT'OR, one who, or that which, erects or raises: a muscle which assists in erecting a part or an organ: an attachment to a compound microscope for making the image erect instead of inverted.--_adj._ ERECT'ILE, that may be erected.--_ns._ ERECTIL'ITY, quality of being erectile; EREC'TION, act of erecting: state of being erected: exaltation: anything erected: a building of any kind.--_adj._ ERECT'IVE, tending to erect.--_adv._ ERECT'LY.--_n._ ERECT'NESS. [L. _erectus_, _erig[)e]re_, to set upright--_e_, out, _reg[)e]re_, to direct.]

EREMACAUSIS, er-e-ma-kaw'sis, _n._ (_chem._) slow combustion or oxidation. [Gr. _erema_, slowly, _kausis_--_kaiein_, to burn.]

EREMITE, er'e-m[=i]t, _n._ a recluse who lives apart, from religious motives: a hermit.--_adjs._ EREMIT'IC, -AL.--_n._ ER'EMITISM, state of being an eremite. [Late L.,--Gr. _er[=e]mos_, desert.]

ERETHISM, er'e-thizm, _n._ excitement or stimulation of any organ.--_adjs._ ERETHIS'MIC, ERETHIS'TIC, ERETHIT'IC. [Gr.]

ERF, erf, _n._ a garden-plot in South Africa. [Dut.]

ERG, erg, _n._ the unit of work in the centimetre-gramme-second system--that is, the quantity of work done by a force which, acting for one second upon a mass of one gramme, produces a velocity of one centimetre per second. [Gr. _erg-on_, work.]

ERGO, [.e]r'go, _adv._ (_logic_) therefore, used to mark the conclusion of a syllogism.--_v.i._ ER'GOTISE, to wrangle. [L. _ergo_, therefore.]

ERGOT, [.e]r'got, _n._ a disease, consisting of a parasitical fungus, found on the seed of certain plants, esp. rye and some other grasses.--_ns._ ER'GOTINE, the active principle of ergot of rye; ER'GOTISM, poisoning caused by eating bread made of rye diseased with ergot; ERGOTIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ ER'GOTISE. [Fr.]

ERIC, er'ik, _n._ the blood-fine paid by a murderer to his victim's family in old Irish law.--Also ER'IACH, ER'ICK.

ERICA, e-r[=i]'ka, _n._ the scientific name for heath.--_adj._ ERIC[=A]'CEOUS, belonging to plants of the genus _Erica_. [L.,--Gr. _ereik[=e]_, heath.]

ERINGO. Same as ERYNGO.

ERINITE, er'i-n[=i]t, _n._ native arseniate of copper found in Cornwall and Ireland. [_Erin_, old name of Ireland.]

ERINYS, e-r[=i]'nis, _n._ one of the Furies:--_pl._ ERINYES (e-rin'i-[=e]z).

ERIOMETER, er-i-om'e-ter, _n._ an optical instrument for measuring small diameters of fibres, &c. [Gr. _erion_, wool, _metron_, a measure.]

ERISTIC, -AL, er-is'tik, -al, _adj._ of or pertaining to controversy. [Gr. _erizein_, to strive--_eris_, strife.]

ERL-KING, [.e]rl'-king, _n._ for German _erl-könig_, a mistranslation (meaning 'alder-king') of the Danish _ellerkonge_ (i. e. _elverkonge_, king of the elves).

ERMELIN, [.e]r'me-lin, _n._ (_arch._) ermine.

ERMINE, [.e]r'min, _n._ a well-known carnivore belonging to the genus which includes polecat, weasel, ferret, &c.--its white fur often used as an emblem of purity: ermine fur used for the robes of judges and magistrates.--_adj._ ER'MINED, adorned with ermine. [O. Fr. _ermine_ (Fr. _hermine_), perh. from L. (_mus_) _Armenius_, lit. mouse of Armenia, whence it was brought to Rome; but acc. to Skeat from Old High Ger. _harmin_ (Ger. _hermelin_), ermine-fur.]

ERNE, [.e]rn, _n._ the eagle. [A.S. _earn_; cf. Ice. _orn_, Dut. _arend_.]

ERNE, [.e]rn, _v.i._ obsolete form of _earn_, to yearn.

ERODE, e-r[=o]d', _v.t._ to eat away: to wear away.--_n._ ER[=O]'DENT, a caustic drug.--_adj._ ER[=O]SE', gnawed.--_n._ ER[=O]'SION, act or state of eating or being eaten away.--_adj._ ER[=O]'SIVE, having the property of eating away. [L. _e_, out, _rod[)e]re_, _rosum_, to gnaw.]

EROSTRATE, e-ros'tr[=a]t, _adj._ (_bot._) having no beak.

EROTESIS, er-[=o]-t[=e]'sis, _n._ (_rhet._) a figure consisting of an oratorical question.--_adj._ EROTET'IC. [Gr.]

EROTIC, er-ot'ik, _adj._ pertaining to love: amatory.--_n._ an amatory poem.--_ns._ EROTOM[=A]'NIA, morbid sexual passion; EROTOM[=A]'NIAC, one affected with this. [Gr. _er[=o]tikos_--_er[=o]s_, _er[=o]tos_, love.]

ERR, er, _v.i._ to wander from the right way: to go astray: to mistake: to sin.--_adj._ ERR'ABLE, capable of erring.--_n._ ERRAT'IC, a wanderer: an erratic boulder.--_adjs._ ERRAT'IC, -AL, wandering: having no certain course: not stationary: irregular.--_adv._ ERRAT'ICALLY.--_n._ ERR[=A]'TUM, an error in writing or printing, esp. one noted in a list at the end of a book:--_pl._ ERR[=A]'TA.--_adj._ ERR[=O]'NEOUS, erring: full of error: wrong: mistaken: (_obs._) wandering.--_adv._ ERR[=O]'NEOUSLY.--_ns._ ERR[=O]'NEOUSNESS; ERR'OR, a deviation from truth, right, &c.: a blunder or mistake: a fault: sin; ERR'ORIST. [Fr. _errer_--L. _err[=a]re_, to stray; cog. with Ger. _irren_, and _irre_, astray.]

ERRAND, er'and, _n._ a message: a commission to say or do something.--A FOOL'S ERRAND, a useless undertaking; GO AN ERRAND, to go with messages; MAKE AN ERRAND, to invent a reason for going. [A.S. _['æ]rende_; Ice. _eyrindi_; prob. conn. with Goth. _áirus_, Ice. _árr_, a messenger.]

ERRANT, er'ant, _adj._ wandering: roving: wild: (_obs._) thorough (cf. ARRANT).--_n._ a knight-errant.--_adv._ ERR'ANTLY.--_n._ ERR'ANTRY, an errant or wandering state: a rambling about like a knight-errant. [Fr.,--L. _errans_, _errantis_, pr.p. of _err[=a]re_.]

ERRHINE, er'in, _adj._ affecting the nose.--_n._ a sternutatory. [Gr., _en_, in, _rhis_, _rhinos_, the nose.]

ERSE, [.e]rs, _n._ the name given by the Lowland Scotch to the language of the people of the West Highlands, as being of Irish origin--now sometimes used for Irish, as opposed to Scotch, Gaelic. [_Irish_.]

ERST, [.e]rst, _adv._ at first: formerly.--_adv._ ERST'WHILE, formerly. [A.S. _['æ]rest_, superl. of _['æ]r_. See ERE.]

ERUBESCENT, er-[=oo]-bes'ent, _adj._ growing red: blushing.--_ns._ ERUBES'CENCE, ERUBES'CENCY. [L. _erubescens_, _-entis_, pr.p. of _erubesc[)e]re_, to grow red--_e_, out, and _rubesc[)e]re_--_rub[=e]re_, to be red. See RUBY.]

ERUCTATE, e-ruk't[=a]t, _v.t._ to belch out, as wind from the stomach.--_n._ ERUCT[=A]'TION, the act of belching: a violent ejection of wind or other matter from the earth, as a volcano, &c. [L. _eruct[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_e_, out, _ruct[=a]re_, to belch forth.]

ERUDITE, er'[=oo]-d[=i]t, _adj._ learned.--_n._ a learned person.--_adv._ ER'UDITELY.--_n._ ERUDI'TION, state of being erudite or learned: knowledge gained by study: learning, esp. in literature. [L. _erud[=i]re_, _erud[=i]tum_, to free from rudeness--_e_, from, _rudis_, rude.]

ERUPT, e-rupt', _v.i._ to break out or through, as a volcano.--_n._ ERUP'TION, a breaking or bursting forth: that which bursts forth: a breaking out of spots on the skin.--_adjs._ ERUP'TIONAL; ERUPT'IVE, breaking forth: attended by or producing eruption: produced by eruption.--_n._ ERUPT'IVENESS. [L. _erump[)e]re_, _eruptum_.--_e_, out, _rump[)e]re_, to break.]

ERYNGO, e-ring'go, _n._ a genus of evergreen plants resembling thistles, the young leaves of _E. maritimum_ (sea-holly) being sometimes eaten as a salad. [L. _eryngion_--Gr. _[=e]ryngos_.]

ERYSIMUM, er-is'i-mum, _n._ a genus of _Cruciferæ_, allied to Hedge-mustard and Dame's Violet. [Formed through L. from Gr. _erysimon_.]

ERYSIPELAS, er-i-sip'e-las, _n._ an inflammatory disease, generally in the face, marked by a bright redness of the skin.--_adj._ ERYSIPEL'ATOUS. [Gr.; prob. from the root of _erythros_, red, _pella_, skin.]

ERYTHEMA, er-i-th[=e]'ma, _n._ a name applied to certain skin diseases, but scarcely used by any two writers in exactly the same sense.--_adjs._ ERYTHEMAT'IC, ERYTHEM'ATOUS. [Gr.,--_erythainein_, to redden--_erythros_, red.]

ERYTHRITE, e-rith'r[=i]t, _n._ a reddish hydrous arseniate of cobalt.--_adj._ ERYTHRIT'IC.

ESCALADE, es-ka-l[=a]d', _n._ the scaling of the walls of a fortress by means of ladders.--_v.t._ to scale: to mount and enter by means of ladders--sometimes written ESCAL[=A]'DO. [Fr.,--Sp. _escalada_--_escala_, a ladder--L. _scala_.]

ESCALLOP, es-kal'up, _n._ a variant of _scallop_.--_adj._ ESCALL'OPED. (_her._), covered with scallop-shells.

ESCAPE, es-k[=a]p', _v.t._ to free from: to pass unobserved: to evade: to issue.--_v.i._ to flee and become safe from danger: to be passed without harm.--_n._ act of escaping: flight from danger or from prison.--_adj._ ESCAP'ABLE.--_ns._ ESCAP[=A]DE', an escape: a mischievous freak; ESC[=A]PE'MENT, act of escaping: means of escape: part of a timepiece connecting the wheelwork with the pendulum or balance, and allowing a tooth to escape at each vibration; ESCAPE'-VALVE, a valve on a boiler so as to let the steam escape when wanted. [O. Fr. _escaper_ (Fr. _échapper_)--L. _ex cappa_, (lit.) 'out of one's cape or cloak.']

ESCARMOUCHE, e-skär'moosh, _n._ (_obs._) a skirmish. [Fr.]

ESCARP, es-kärp', _v.t._ to make into a scarp or sudden slope.--_n._ a scarp or steep slope: (_fort._) the side of the ditch next the rampart.--_n._ ESCARP'MENT, the precipitous side of any hill or rock: escarp. [Fr. _escarper_, to cut down steep, from root of _scarp_.]

ESCHALOT, esh-a-lot'. See SHALLOT.

ESCHAR, es'kär, _n._ a slough or portion of dead or disorganised tissue, gen. of artificial sloughs produced by the application of caustics.--_adj._ ESCHAROT'IC, tending to form an eschar: caustic.--_n._ a caustic substance. [L.,--Gr. _eschara_, a hearth.]

ESCHATOLOGY, es-ka-tol'o-ji, _n._ (_theol._) the doctrine of the last or final things, as death, judgment, the state after death.--_adjs._ ESCHATOLOG'IC, -AL.--_n._ ESCHATOL'OGIST. [Gr. _eschatos_, last, _logia_, a discourse.]

ESCHEAT, es-ch[=e]t', _n._ property which falls to the state for want of an heir, or by forfeiture: (_Spens._) plunder.--_v.t._ to confiscate.--_v.i._ to fall to the lord of the manor or the state.--_adj._ ESCHEAT'ABLE.--_ns._ ESCHEAT'AGE; ESCHEAT'OR. [O. Fr. _eschete_--_escheoir_ (Fr. _échoir_)--Low L.,--L. _ex_, out, _cad[)e]re_, to fall.]

ESCHEW, es-ch[=oo]', _v.t._ to shun: to flee from: to abstain from. [O. Fr. _eschever_; cog. with Ger. _scheuen_, to shun.]

ESCLANDRE, e-sklang'dr, _n._ notoriety: any unpleasantness. [Fr.,--L. _scandalum_.]

ESCORT, es'kort, _n._ a body of men, or a single man, accompanying any one on a journey, for protection, guidance, or merely courtesy: attendance.--_v.t._ ESC[=O]RT', to attend as guide or guard. [Fr. _escorte_--It. _scorta_--_scorgere_, to guide--L. _ex_, out, _corrig[)e]re_, to set right.]

ESCOT, es-kot', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to pay a reckoning for, to maintain. [O. Fr. _escoter_, _escot_=_scot_, a tax.]

ESCRITOIRE, es-kri-twor', _n._ a writing-desk.--_adj._ ESCRIT[=O]'RIAL. [Fr. _escritoire_--Low L. _scriptorium_--L. _scrib[)e]re_, _scriptum_, to write.]

ESCROLL, es-kr[=o]l', _n._ (_her._). Same as SCROLL.

ESCUAGE, es'k[=u]-[=a]j, _n._ scutage.

ESCULAPIAN, es-k[=u]-l[=a]'pi-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Esculapius_, and hence to the art of healing.--Also ÆSCUL[=A]'PIAN. [_Æsculapius_, god of medicine.]

ESCULENT, es'k[=u]-lent, _adj._ eatable: fit to be used for food by man.--_n._ something that is eatable. [L. _esculentus_, eatable--_esca_, food--_ed[)e]re_, to eat.]

ESCUTCHEON, es-kuch'un, _n._ a shield on which a coat of arms is represented: a family shield: the part of a vessel's stern bearing her name.--_adj._ ESCUTCH'EONED ('und), having an escutcheon.--ESCUTCHEON OF PRETENCE, an escutcheon placed with the arms of an heiress in the centre of her husband's coat.--A BLOT ON THE ESCUTCHEON, a stain on one's good name. [O. Fr. _escuchon_--L. _scutum_, a shield.]

ESEMPLASTIC, es-em-plas'tik, _adj._ shaping into one.

ESKAR, ESKER. Same as ASAR (q.v.).

ESKIMO, es'ki-m[=o], _n._ and _adj._ one of a nation constituting the aboriginal inhabitants of the whole northern coast of America, and spread over the Arctic islands, Greenland, and the nearest Asiatic coast.--_n._ ESKIMO DOG, a half-tamed variety, widely distributed in the Arctic regions, and indispensable for drawing the sledges. [Said by Dr Rink to be from an Indian word=eaters of raw flesh.]

ESLOIN, es-loin'. See ELOIN.

ESNECY, es'ne-si, _n._ the right of first choice belonging to the eldest.

ESOPHAGUS. See OESOPHAGUS.

ESOTERIC, es-o-ter'ik, _adj._ inner: secret: mysterious: (_phil._) taught to a select few--opp. to _Exoteric_.--_adv._ ESOTER'ICALLY.--_ns._ ESOTER'ICISM, ESOT'ERISM, the holding of esoteric opinions.--ESOTERIC BUDDHISM (see THEOSOPHY). [Gr. _es[=o]terikos_--_es[=o]ter[=o]_, inner, a comp. form from _es[=o]_, within.]

ESPALIER, es-pal'y[.e]r, _n._ a lattice-work of wood on which to train fruit-trees: a fruit-tree trained on stakes: (_obs._) a row of trees so trained.--_v.t._ to train as an espalier. [Fr.,--It. _spalliera_, a support for the shoulders--_spalla_, a shoulder. Cf. EPAULET.]

ESPARTO, es-par't[=o], _n._ a strong kind of grass found in the south of Europe, esp. in Spain, used for making baskets, cordage, paper, &c. [Sp.,--L. _spartum_--Gr. _sparton_, a kind of rope.]

ESPECIAL, es-pesh'al, _adj._ special: particular: principal: distinguished.--_adv._ ESPEC'IALLY.--IN ESPECIAL, in particular. [O. Fr.,--L. _specialis_--_species_.]

ESPERANCE, es'p[.e]r-ans, _n._ (_Shak._) hope. [Fr.,--L. _sperans_, pr.p. of _sper[=a]re_, to hope.]

ESPIÈGLE, es-pi-[=a]'gl, _adj._ roguish, frolicsome.--_n._ ESPIÈG'LERIE, raillery: frolicsomeness. [Fr.]

ESPIONAGE, es'pi-on-[=a]j, _n._ practice or employment of spies. [Fr.,--_espionner_--_espion_, a spy.]

ESPLANADE, es-pla-n[=a]d', _n._ a level space between a citadel and the first houses of the town: any level space for walking or driving in. [Fr.,--Sp. _esplanada_--L. _explan[=a]re_--_ex_, out, _planus_, flat.]

ESPOUSE, es-powz', _v.t._ to give in marriage: to take as spouse: to wed: to take with a view to maintain: to embrace, as a cause.--_ns._ ESPOUS'AL, the act of espousing or betrothing: the taking upon one's self, as a cause: (_pl._) a contract or mutual promise of marriage; ESPOUS'ER. [O. Fr. _espouser_ (Fr. _épouser_)--L. _spons[=a]re_--_spond[=e]re_, _sponsum_, to promise.]

ESPRIT, es-pr[=e]', _n._ spirit: liveliness.--ESPRIT DE CORPS (es-pr[=e]' d' k[=o]r), regard for the character of that body to which one belongs; ESPRIT FORT (es-pr[=e]' f[=o]r), a person of strong character. [Fr. _esprit_, spirit, _corps_, body, _fort_, strong.]

ESPY, es-p[=i]', _v.t._ to watch: to see at a distance: to catch sight of: to observe: to discover unexpectedly.--_n._ ESP[=I]'AL, the act of espying: observation. [O. Fr. _espier_, from root of _spy_.]

ESQUIMAU, es'ki-m[=o] (_pl._ ESQUIMAUX, es'ki-m[=o]z). Same as ESKIMO.

ESQUIRE, es-kw[=i]r', _n._ (_orig._) a squire or shield-bearer: an attendant on a knight: a landed proprietor: a title of dignity next below a knight: a title given to younger sons of noblemen, &c.: a general title of respect in addressing letters. [O. Fr. _esquier_ (Fr. _écuyer_)--L. _scutarius_--_scutum_, a shield.]

ESS, the name of the letter S (q.v.).

ESSAY, es'[=a], _n._ a trial: an experiment: a written composition less elaborate than a treatise.--_v.t._ ESSAY', to try: to attempt: to make experiment of:--_pr.p._ essay'ing; _pa.p._ essayed'.--_ns._ ESSAY'ER, ES'SAYIST, one who essays: a writer of essays; ESSAYETTE', ES'SAYKIN, a little essay.--_adjs._ ES'SAYISH; ESSAYIS'TIC. [O. Fr. _essai_--L. _exagium_, weighing--_exag[)e]re_, to try, examine.]

ESSE, es'i, _n._ used in phrase IN ESSE, in existence, opposed to _In posse_, in potentiality. [L. _esse_, to be.]

ESSENCE, es'ens, _n._ the inner distinctive nature of anything: the qualities which make any object what it is: a being: the extracted virtues of any drug: the solution in spirits of wine of a volatile or essential oil: a perfume.--_adj._ ESSEN'TIAL, relating to or containing the essence: necessary to the existence of a thing: indispensable or important in the highest degree: highly rectified: pure.--_n._ something necessary: a leading principle.--_n._ ESSENTIAL'ITY, the quality of being essential: an essential part.--_adv._ ESSEN'TIALLY.--_n._ ESSEN'TIALNESS. [Fr.,--L. _essentia_--_essens_, _-entis_, assumed pr.p. of _esse_, to be.]

ESSENE, es-s[=e]n', _n._ one of a small religious fraternity among the ancient Jews leading retired ascetic lives and holding property in common.--_n._ ESSEN'ISM. [Bishop Lightfoot prefers the der. from Heb. _ch[=a]sh[=a]_, to be silent, whence _chashsh[=a][=i]m_, 'the silent ones' who meditate on mysteries.]

ESSOIN, es-soin', _n._ (_law_) excuse for not appearing in court: (_Spens._) excuse.--_n._ ESSOIN'ER. [O. Fr. _essoine_ (Fr. _exoine_), _es_--L. _ex_, out, _soin_, care.]

ESSORANT, es'[=o]-rant, _adj._ (_her._) about to soar.

ESTABLISH, es-tab'lish, _v.t._ to settle or fix: to confirm: to prove a point: to ordain: to found: to set up in business: to institute by law as the recognised state church, and to support officially and financially.--_p.adj._ ESTAB'LISHED, fixed: ratified: instituted by law and supported by the state.--_ns._ ESTAB'LISHER; ESTAB'LISHMENT, act of establishing: fixed state: that which is established: a permanent civil or military force: one's residence and style of living: the church established by law.--_adj._ ESTABLISHMENT[=A]R'IAN, maintaining the principle of the established church.--_n._ one who maintains this principle. [O. Fr. _establir_, pr.p. _establissant_--L. _stabil[=i]re_--_stabilis_, firm--_st[=a]re_, to stand.]

ESTACADE, es-ta-k[=a]d', _n._ a dike of piles in a morass, river, &c., against an enemy. [Fr.,--Sp.]

ESTAFETTE, es-ta-fet', _n._ a military courier or express. [Fr.,--It. _staffetta_--Old High Ger. _stapho_, a step.]

ESTAMINET, es-tam-in-[=a]', a restaurant where smoking is allowed. [Fr.]

ESTATE, es-t[=a]t', _n._ condition or rank: position: property, esp. landed property: fortune: an order or class of men in the body-politic: (_pl._) dominions: possessions.--_v.t._ to give an estate to: (_arch._) to bestow upon.--_n._ ESTATES'MAN, statesman.--MAN'S ESTATE, the state of manhood; THE ESTATES OF THE REALM are three--Lords Spiritual, Lords Temporal, and Commons; but often misused for the legislature--king, lords, and commons.--The ancient parliament of Scotland consisted of the king and the THREE ESTATES--viz.: (1) archbishops, bishops, abbots, and mitred priors; (2) the barons and the commissioners of shires and stewartries; (3) the commissioners from the royal burghs;--in France, the nobles, clergy, and THIRD ESTATE (_tiers état_) remained separate down to 1789; THE FOURTH ESTATE, often used humorously for the press. [O. Fr. _estat_ (Fr. _état_)--L. _status_, a state.]

ESTEEM, es-t[=e]m', _v.t._ to set a high estimate or value on: to regard with respect or friendship: to consider or think.--_n._ high estimation or value: favourable regard.--_p.adj._ ESTEEMED', respected.--_adj._ ES'TIMABLE, that can be estimated or valued: worthy of esteem: deserving our good opinion.--_adv._ ES'TIMABLY.--_v.t._ ES'TIM[=A]TE, to judge of the worth of a thing: to calculate.--_n._ reputation: a valuing in the mind: judgment or opinion of the worth or size of anything: a rough calculation: estimation.--_n._ ESTIM[=A]'TION, act of estimating: a reckoning of value: esteem, honour: importance: conjecture.--_adj._ ES'TIM[=A]TIVE.--_n._ ES'TIM[=A]TOR.--HOLD IN ESTIMATION, to esteem highly.--THE ESTIMATES, accounts given before parliament showing the probable expenditure for the year. [Fr. _estimer_--L. _æstim[=a]re_.]

ESTHETIC, ESTHETICS. See ÆSTHETIC, ÆSTHETICS.

ESTHONIAN, es-th[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Esthonia_, the most northerly of the Baltic provinces of Russia, or its population, language, or customs.--_ns._ ESTH, an Esthonian of the original Finnish stock; ESTH'LANDER, an Esthonian of the mixed race, in which the German element preponderates.

ESTIVAL, ESTIVATION. See ÆSTIVAL, ÆSTIVATION.

ESTOP, es-top', _v.t._ to stop or bar: (_law_) to hinder, preclude:--_pr.p._ estop'ping; _pa.p._ estop'ped.--_ns._ ESTOP'P[=A]GE, the state of being estopped; ESTOP'PEL, a conclusive admission, which cannot be denied by the party whom it affects. [O. Fr. _estoper_--_estoupe_--L. _stuppa_, tow. See STOP.]

ESTOVERS, es-t[=o]'v[.e]rz, _n.pl._ (_law_) necessaries allowed by law, as wood to a tenant for necessary repairs, &c.--COMMON OF ESTOVERS, the right of taking necessary wood from another's estate for household use and the making of implements of industry. [O. Fr. _estovoir_, necessaries.]

ESTRADE, es-träd', _n._ a low platform. [Fr.,--Sp. _estrado_.]

ESTRANGE, es-tr[=a]nj', _v.t._ to treat as an alien: to alienate: to divert from its original use or possessor.--_p.adj._ ESTRANGED', alienated: disaffected.--_ns._ ESTRANG'EDNESS; ESTRANGE'MENT; ESTRANG'ER. [O. Fr. _estranger_ (Fr. _étranger_)--L. _extrane[=a]re_--_extraneus_. See STRANGE.]

ESTRAY, e-str[=a]', _n._ a beast found within a manor or lordship, and not owned.--_v.i._ to stray. [See ASTRAY.]

ESTREAT, e-str[=e]t', _n._ (_law_) a true extract, copy, or note of some original writing or record, esp. of fines and amercements to be levied by bailiffs or other officers.--_v.t._ to extract from the records of a court, as a forfeited recognisance: to levy fines under an estreat. [O. Fr. _estraite_--L. _extrah[)e]re_--_ex_, out, and _trah[)e]re_, to draw. See EXTRACT.]

ESTRICH, es'trich, ESTRIDGE, es'trij, _n._ (_obs._) the ostrich.

ESTUARY, es't[=u]-ar-i, _n._ the wide lower part of a river where it becomes tidal.--_adjs._ ESTU[=A]'RIAN, ES'T[=U]ARINE. [L. _æstuarium_--_æstus_, tide.]

ESURIENT, es-[=u]'ri-ent, _adj._ hungry: penurious.--_n._ ES[=U]'RIENCE, hunger: neediness. [L. _esuriens_, _-entis_, pr.p. of _esur[=i]re_, to be hungry--_ed[)e]re_, to eat.]

ET CETERA, et set'er-a, usually written ETC. or &C., a phrase meaning 'and so on.'--_n._ something in addition, which can easily be understood. [L. _et_ and, _cetera_, the rest.]

ETCH, ech, _v.t._ or _v.i._ to make designs on metal, glass, &c. by eating out the lines with an acid.--_ns._ ETCH'ER, one who etches; ETCH'ING, the act or art of etching or engraving: the impression from an etched plate; ETCH'ING-GROUND, the coating of wax or varnish on a plate prepared for etching; ETCH'ING-NEED'LE, a fine-pointed steel instrument used in etching. [From Ger. _ätzen_, to corrode by acid; from same root as Ger. _essen_. See EAT.]

ETERNAL, [=e]-t[.e]r'nal, _adj._ without beginning or end of existence: everlasting: ceaseless: unchangeable--(_arch._) ETERNE'.--_v.t._ ETER'NALISE, ETER'NISE, to make eternal: to immortalise.--_n._ ETER'NALIST, one who thinks that matter has existed from eternity.--_adv._ ETER'NALLY.--_n._ ETER'NITY, eternal duration: the state or time after death.--THE ETERNAL, an appellation of God; THE ETERNITIES, the eternal reality or truth. [Fr. _éternel_--L. _æternus_, _æviternus_--_ævum_--Gr. _aion_, a period of time, an age.]

ETESIAN, e-t[=e]'zhan, _adj._ periodical: blowing at stated seasons, as certain winds. [L. _etesius_--Gr. _et[=e]sios_, annual--_etos_, a year.]

ETHE, [=e]th, _adj._ (_Spens._) easy. [A.S. _eath._]

ETHER, [=e]'th[.e]r, _n._ the clear, upper air: the subtile medium supposed to fill all space: a colourless, transparent, volatile liquid of great mobility and high refractive power, and possessing a fragrant odour and a fiery, passing to a cooling, taste.--_adj._ ETH[=E]'REAL, consisting of ether: heavenly: airy: spirit-like.--_n._ ETHEREALIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ ETH[=E]'REALISE, to convert into ether, or the fluid ether: to render spirit-like.--_n._ ETHEREAL'ITY.--_adv._ ETH[=E]'REALLY.--_adj._ ETH[=E]'REOUS (_Milt._), ethereal.--_n._ ETHERIFIC[=A]'TION.--_adj._ E'THERIFORM.--_n._ ETHERIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ E'THERISE, to convert into ether: to stupefy with ether.--_n._ E'THERISM, the condition induced by using ether. [L.,--Gr. _aith[=e]r_, _aithein_, to light up.]

ETHIC, eth'ik, _adj._ relating to morals: treating of morality or duty.--_n._ (more commonly in _pl._ ETH'ICS) the science of morals, that branch of philosophy which is concerned with human character and conduct: a treatise on morals.--_adj._ ETH'ICAL, relating to the science of ethics.--_adv._ ETH'ICALLY.--_n._ ETH'ICIST, one versed in ethics.--ETHICAL DATIVE, the dative of a first or second personal pronoun implying an indirect interest in the fact stated, used colloquially to give a livelier tone to the sentence. [Gr. _[=e]thikos_--_[=e]thos_, custom.]

ETHIOPIAN, [=e]-thi-[=o]'pi-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Ethiopia_, a name given to the countries south of Egypt inhabited by the negro races.--_n._ a native of Ethiopia: a blackamoor--(_arch._) ETHIOP.--_adj._ ETHIOP'IC.--_n.pl._ [=E]'THIOPS, a term applied by the ancient chemists to certain oxides and sulphides of the metals which possessed a dull, dingy, or black appearance. [Gr. _Aithiops_, sun-burnt, Ethiopian--_aithein_, to burn, _[=o]ps_, the face.]

ETHMOID, -AL, eth'moid, -al, _adj._ resembling a sieve.--ETHMOID BONE, one of the eight somewhat cubical bones which collectively form the cranial box. [Gr. _[=e]thmos_, a sieve, and _eidos_, form.]

ETHNIC, -AL, eth'nik, -al, _adj._ concerning nations or races: pertaining to the heathen.--_ns._ ETH'NIC, a heathen; ETH'NICISM, heathenism; ETHNOG'RAPHER.--_adj._ ETHNOGRAPH'IC.--_n._ ETHNOG'RAPHY, the scientific description of the races of the earth.--_adj._ ETHNOLOG'ICAL.--_adv._ ETHNOLOG'ICALLY.--_ns._ ETHNOL'OGIST; ETHNOL'OGY, the science that treats of the varieties of the human race. [L.,--Gr. _ethnos_, a nation; Gr. _graph[=e]_, writing, _logia_, discourse.]

ETHOLOGY, [=e]-thol'o-ji, _n._ a discourse on ethics: the science of character.--_adjs._ ETHOLOG'IC, -AL, relating to ethology: treating of morality.--_ns._ ETHOL'OGIST, one versed in ethology or ethics; [=E]'THOS, habitual character and disposition: the quality of a work of art which produces a high moral impression. [Gr. _[=e]thos_, custom, _logia_, a discourse.]

ETHYL, [=e]'thil, _n._ a colourless, inflammable gas, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol--supposed base of ether. [Gr. _aith[=e]r_, ether, _hyl[=e]_, base.]

ETIOLATE, [=e]-ti-o-l[=a]t', _v.t._ (_med._, _bot._) to cause to grow pale from want of light and fresh air.--_v.i._ to become pale from disease or absence of light.--_n._ ETIOL[=A]'TION. [Fr. _étioler_, to become pale, to grow into stubble, _éteule_, stubble--L. _stipula_, a stalk.]

ETIOLOGY, [=e]-ti-ol'o-ji, _n._ Same as ÆTIOLOGY.

ETIQUETTE, et-i-ket', _n._ forms of ceremony or decorum: ceremony: the unwritten laws of courtesy observed between members of the same profession, as 'medical etiquette.' [Fr. See TICKET.]

ETNA, et'na, _n._ a vessel for heating water, &c., at table or in the sick-room, in a cup placed in a saucer is which alcohol is burned.--_adj._ ÆTN[=E]'AN. [From the volcano, Mount _Ætna_.]

ETONIAN, et-[=o]n'i-an, _n._ and _adj._ one educated at _Eton_ College.--ETON JACKET, a boy's dress-coat, untailed.

ETRURIAN, et-r[=u]'ri-an, _adj._ and _n._ of or belonging to _Etruria_.--_adj._ and _n._ ETRUS'CAN, of or belonging to ancient Etruria or its people, language, art, &c.--sometimes jocularly put for Tuscan.

ETTLE, et'l, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to purpose, intend.--_v.t._ to guess.--_n._ purpose, intent. [Ice., _ætla_, to think, from root of Goth. _aha_, understanding.]

ÉTUDE, [=a]-tüd', _n._ (_mus._) a composition intended either to train or to test the player's technical skill. [Fr.]

ETUI, ETWEE, et-w[=e]', _n._ a small case for holding valuables. [Fr.]

ETYMOLOGY, et-i-mol'o-ji, _n._ the investigation of the derivation and original signification of words: the science that treats of the origin and history of words: the part of grammar relating to inflection.--_adjs._ ETYM'IC; ETYMOLOG'ICAL.--_adv._ ETYMOLOG'ICALLY.--_ns._ ETYMOLOG'ICON, -CUM, an etymological dictionary.--_v.t._ ETYMOL'OGISE, to give, or search into, the etymology of a word.--_ns._ ETYMOL'OGIST, one skilled in or who writes on etymology; ET'YMON, the origin of a word: an original root: the genuine or literal sense of a word. [O. Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _etymos_, true, _logia_, an account.]

ETYPIC, -AL, [=e]-tip'ik, -al, _adj._ unconformable to type.

EUCALYPTUS, [=u]-kal-ip'tus, _n._ the 'gum-tree,' a large Australian evergreen, beneficial in destroying the miasma of malarious districts.--_ns._ EU'CALYPT, a eucalyptus; EUCALYP'TOL, a volatile, colourless, limpid oil. [Coined from Gr. _eu_, well, _kalyptos_, covered--_kalyptein_, to cover.]

EUCHARIST, [=u]'ka-rist, _n._ the sacrament of the Lord's Supper: the elements of the sacrament, as 'to receive the Eucharist.'--_adjs._ EUCHARIST'IC, -AL. [Gr. _eucharistia_, thanksgiving--_eu_, well, and _charizesthai_, to show favour--_charis_, grace, thanks.]

EUCHLORINE, [=u]-kl[=o]'rin, _n._ a very explosive green-coloured gas, prepared by the action of strong hydrochloric acid on chlorate of potash.--_adj._ EUCHL[=O]'RIC. [Gr. _eu_, well, _chloros_, green.]

EUCHOLOGION, [=u]-ko-l[=o]'ji-on, _n._ a formulary of prayers, primarily that of the Greek Church.--Also EUCHOL'OGY. [Gr. _euchologion_--_euch[=e]_, a prayer, _logia_--_legein_, to speak.]

EUCHRE, [=u]'k[.e]r, _n._ an American game at cards for two, three, or four persons, with the 32, 28, or 24 highest cards of the pack--if a player fails to make three tricks he is _euchred_, and his adversary scores against him.--_v.t._ to outwit. [Ety. uncertain; prob. Ger., like the term _bower_ (q.v.), used in the game; some have suggested a Sp. _yuca_.]

EUCLASE, [=u]'kl[=a]s, _n._ a silicate of aluminium and glucinum occurring in pale-green transparent crystals. [Fr.,--Gr. _eu_, well, _klasis_, breaking.]

EUCLIDEAN, [=u]-klid'e-an, or [=u]-kli-d[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to Euclid, a mathematician of Alexandria about 300 B.C.

EUDEMONISM, EUDÆMONISM, [=u]-d[=e]'mon-izm, _n._ the system of ethics that makes happiness the test of rectitude--whether _Egoistic_, as Hobbes, or _Altruistic_, as Mill.--_ns._ EUD[=E]'MONIST, EUDÆ'MONIST. [Gr. _eudaimonia_, happiness--_eu_, well, _daim[=o]n_, a god.]

EUDIOMETER, [=u]-di-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring the purity of, or the quantity of oxygen contained in, the air.--_adjs._ EUDIOMET'RIC, -AL.--_n._ EUDIOM'ETRY. [Gr. _eudios_, clear, _metron_, measure.]

EUGE, [=u]'j[=e], _interj._ well! well done! [L.]

EUGENIC, [=u]-jen'ik, _adj._ pertaining to race culture.--_n.pl._ EUGEN'ICS, the science of such.--_n._ EU'GENISM.

EUGENIN, [=u]'je-nin, _n._ a substance procured from the distilled water of cloves.

EUGH, EUGHEN, obsolete forms of _yew_, _yewen_.

EUGUBINE, [=u]'g[=u]-bin, _adj._ pertaining to the ancient town of _Eugubium_ or _Iguvium_ (mod. _Gubbio_), or to its famous seven tablets of bronze, the chief monument of the ancient Umbrian tongue.

EUHARMONIC, [=u]-har-mon'ik, _adj._ producing perfectly concordant sounds.

EUHEMERISM, [=u]-h[=e]'me-rizm, _n._ the system which explains mythology as growing out of real history, its deities as merely magnified men.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ EUH[=E]'MERISE.--_n._ and _adj._ EUH[=E]'MERIST.--_adj._ EUHEMERIS'TIC.--_adv._ EUHEMERIS'TICALLY. [From _Euhemerus_, a 4th-cent. (B.C.) Sicilian philosopher.]

EULOGIUM, [=u]-l[=o]'ji-um, EULOGY, [=u]'lo-ji, _n._ a speaking well of: a speech or writing in praise of.--_adjs._ EULOG'IC, -AL, containing eulogy or praise.--_adv._ EULOG'ICALLY.--_v.t._ EU'LOG[=I]SE, to speak well of: to praise.--_n._ EU'LOGIST, one who praises or extols another.--_adj._ EULOGIST'IC, full of praise.--_adv._ EULOGIST'ICALLY. [Late L. _eulogium_--Gr. _eulogion_ (classical _eulogia_)--_eu_, well, _logia_, a speaking.]

EUMENIDES, [=u]-men'i-d[=e]z, _n.pl._ the Erinyes or Furies--the euphemistic name for these. [Gr. _eu_, well, _menos_, mind.]

EUNOMY, [=u]'n[=o]-mi, _n._ equal, righteous law. [Gr.]

EUNUCH, [=u]'nuk, _n._ a castrated man--often employed as chamberlain in the East.--_v.t._ EU'NUCHATE.--_n._ EU'NUCHISM, the state of being a eunuch. [Gr. _eunouchos_--_eun[=e]_, a couch, _echein_, to have charge of.]

EUONYM, [=u]'[=o]-nim, _n._ a fitting name for anything. [Gr.]

EUPATRID, [=u]-pat'rid, _n._ a member of the Athenian aristocracy. [Gr. _eupatrid[=e]s_--_eu_, well--_pat[=e]r_, father.]

EUPEPSY, [=u]-pep'si, _n._ good digestion--opp. to _Dyspepsia_.--_adj._ EUPEP'TIC, having good digestion.--_n._ EUPEPTIC'ITY. [Gr. _eupepsia_--_eu_, well, _pepsis_, digestion--_peptein_, to digest.]

EUPHEMISM, [=u]'fem-izm, _n._ a figure of rhetoric by which an unpleasant or offensive thing is designated by an indirect and milder term.--_v.t._ or _v.i._ EU'PHEMISE, to express by a euphemism: to use euphemistic terms.--_adj._ EUPHEMIST'IC.--_adv._ EUPHEMIST'ICALLY. [Gr. _euph[=e]mismos_--_euph[=e]mos_--_eu_, well, _ph[=e]m[=e]_--_phanaí_, to speak.]

EUPHONY, [=u]'fo-ni, _n._ an agreeable sound: a pleasing, easy pronunciation--also EUPH[=O]'NIA.--_adjs._ EUPHON'IC, -AL, EUPH[=O]'NIOUS, pertaining to euphony: agreeable in sound.--_adv._ EUPH[=O]'NIOUSLY.--_v.t._ EU'PHON[=I]SE, to make euphonious.--_n._ EUPH[=O]'NIUM, the bass instrument of the saxhorn family: a variation of the harmonica, invented by Chladni in 1790. [Gr. _euph[=o]nia_--_eu_, well, _ph[=o]n[=e]_, sound.]

EUPHORBIA, [=u]-for'bi-a, _n._ the _Spurge_ genus.--_n._ EUPHOR'BIUM, a gum resin. [L.,--_Euphorbus_, a physician to Juba, king of Mauritania.]

EUPHRASY, [=u]'fra-zi, _n._ (_bot._) the plant eyebright, formerly regarded as beneficial in disorders of the eyes. [Gr. _euphrasia_, delight--_euphrainein_, to cheer--_eu_, well, _phr[=e]n_, the heart.]

EUPHROSYNE, [=u]-fros'i-n[=e], _n._ one of the three Charities or Graces: merriment. [Gr. _euphr[=o]n_, cheerful.]

EUPHUISM, [=u]'f[=u]-izm, _n._ an affected and bombastic style of language: a high-flown expression.--_v.i._ EU'PHUISE.--_n._ EU'PHUIST.--_adj._ EUPHUIST'IC. [From _Euphues_, a popular book by John Lyly (1579-80).--Gr. _euphy[=e]s_, graceful--_eu_, well, _phy[=e]_, growth--_phyesthai_, to grow.]

EURASIAN, [=u]-r[=a]'zi-an, _adj._ descended from a European on the one side and an Asiatic on the other: of or pertaining to Europe and Asia taken as one continent. [From the combination of _Europe_ and _Asia_.]

EUREKA, [=u]-r[=e]'ka, _n._ a brilliant discovery. [Gr. perf. indic. of _euriskein_, to find; the cry of Archimedes as he ran home naked from the bath, where a method of detecting the adulteration of Hiero's crown had suddenly occurred to him.]

EURIPUS, [=u]-r[=i]'pus, _n._ an arm of the sea with strong currents: the water-channel between the arena and cavea of a Roman hippodrome. [Gr.]

EUROCLYDON, [=u]-rok'li-don, _n._ the tempestuous wind by which St Paul's ship was wrecked (Acts, xxvii. 14). [Gr., from _euros_, the east wind, _klyd[=o]n_, a wave--_klyzein_, to dash over.]

EUROPEAN, [=u]-ro-p[=e]'an, _adj._ belonging to _Europe_.--_n._ a native or inhabitant of Europe.

EURUS, [=u]'rus, _n._ the east wind. [L.,--Gr. _euros_, the east wind.]

EUSEBIAN, [=u]-s[=e]'bi-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Eusebius_ of Cæsarea, father of ecclesiastical history (died 340), or to the Arian _Eusebius_ of Nicomedia (died 342).

EUSKARIAN, [=u]s-k[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ Basque. [Basque _Euskara_, the Basque language.]

EUSTACHIAN, [=u]-st[=a]'ki-an, _adj._ pertaining to the tube leading from the middle ear to the pharynx, or to the rudimentary valve at the entrance of the inferior vena cava in the heart. [Named from the Italian physician Bartolommeo _Eustachio_ (died 1574).]

EUTAXY, [=u]'tak-si, _n._ good order.--_adj._ EUTAXIT'IC. [Gr.]

EUTERPEAN, [=u]-t[.e]r'pe-an, _adj._ relating to EUTER'PE, the muse who presided over music--hence relating to music. [Gr. _Euterp[=e]_--_eu_, well, _terpein_, to delight.]

EUTHANASIA, [=u]-than-[=a]'zi-a, _n._ an easy mode of death.--Also EUTHAN'ASY. [Gr. _euthanasia_--_eu_, well, _thanatos_, death.]

EUTROPHY, [=u]'tr[=o]-fi, _n._ healthy nutrition. [Gr.]

EUTYCHIAN, [=u]-tik'i-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to the doctrine of _Eutyches_, a 5th-cent. archimandrite of Constantinople, who held that after the incarnation of Christ all that was human in Him became merged in the divine, and that Christ had but one nature.--_n._ a follower of Eutyches.

EVACUATE, e-vak'[=u]-[=a]t, _v.t._ to throw out the contents of: to discharge: to withdraw from.--_adj._ EVAC'UANT, purgative.--_n._ EVACU[=A]'TION, act of emptying out: a withdrawing from: that which is discharged.--_adj._ EVAC'U[=A]TIVE.--_n._ EVAC'U[=A]TOR, one who evacuates: (_law_) one who nullifies or makes void. [L. _e_, out, _vacu[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to empty--_vacuus_, empty.]

EVADE, e-v[=a]d', _v.t._ to escape or avoid artfully: to baffle. [L. _evad[)e]re_--_e_, out, _vad[)e]re_, to go.]

EVAGATION, e-vag-[=a]'shun, _n._ wandering: a digression. [Fr.,--L. _evag[=a]ri_--_e_, out, _vag[=a]ri_, to wander.]

EVAGINATE, [=e]-vaj'i-n[=a]t, _v.t._ to draw from a sheath.--_n._ EVAGIN[=A]'TION.

EVALUATE, e-val'[=u]-[=a]t, _v.t._ to determine the value of.--_n._ EVALU[=A]'TION.

EVANESCENT, ev-an-es'ent, _adj._ fleeting; imperceptible.--_v.i._ EVANESCE', to fade away.--_n._ EVANES'CENCE.--_adv._ EVANES'CENTLY. [L. _evanescens_, _-entis_--_e_, _vanesc[)e]re_, to vanish--_vanus_, empty.]

EVANGEL, e-van'jel, _n._ (_poet._) good news, esp. the gospel: a salutary principle, esp. relating to morals, politics, &c.--_adjs._ EVANGEL'IC, -AL, of or pertaining to the gospel: relating to the four gospels: according to the doctrine of the gospel: maintaining the truth taught in the gospel: Protestant: applied to the school which insists especially on the total depravity of unregenerate human nature, the justification of the sinner by faith alone, the free offer of the gospel to all, and the plenary inspiration and exclusive authority of the Bible.--_n._ EVANGEL'ICAL, one who belongs to the evangelical school.--_adv._ EVANGEL'ICALLY.--_ns._ EVANGEL'ICALNESS; EVANGEL'ICISM, EVANGEL'ICALISM, evangelical principles; EVANGELIS[=A]'TION, act of proclaiming the gospel.--_v.t._ EVAN'GEL[=I]SE, to make known the good news: to make acquainted with the gospel.--_v.i._ to preach the gospel from place to place.--_ns._ EVAN'GELISM; EVAN'GELIST, one who evangelises: one of the four writers of the gospels: an assistant of the apostles: one authorised to preach, but without a fixed charge; EVANGELIS'TARY, a book containing passages from the gospels to be read at divine service--also EVANGELIST[=A]'RION, EVAN'GELIARY.--_adj._ EVANGELIS'TIC, tending or intended to evangelise.--_n._ EVAN'GELY (_obs._), the gospel. [L. _evangelicus_--Gr. _euangelikos_--_eu_, well, _angellein_, to bring news.]

EVANISH, e-van'ish, _v.i._ to vanish: to die away.--_ns._ EVAN'ISHMENT, EVANI'TION. [See EVANESCE.]

EVAPORATE, e-vap'or-[=a]t, _v.i._ to fly off in vapour: to pass into an invisible state: to depart, vanish.--_v.t._ to convert into steam or gas.--_adj._ EVAP'ORABLE, able to be evaporated or converted into vapour.--_n._ EVAPOR[=A]'TION, act of evaporating or passing off in steam or gas: the process by which a substance changes into the state of vapour.--_adj._ EVAP'OR[=A]TIVE.--_ns._ EVAP'ORATOR; EVAPOROM'ETER. [L. _e_, off, _vapor[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_vapor_, vapour.]

EVASION, e-v[=a]-'zhun, _n._ act of evading or eluding: an attempt to escape the force of an argument or accusation: an excuse.--_adjs._ EV[=A]'SIBLE, capable of being evaded; EV[=A]'SIVE, that evades or seeks to evade: not straightforward: shuffling.--_adv._ EV[=A]'SIVELY.--_n._ EV[=A]'SIVENESS.

EVE, [=e]v, EVEN, [=e]v'n, _n._ (_poet._) evening: the night before a day of note: the time just preceding a great event. [A.S. _['æ]fen_; Dut. _avond_; Ger. _abend_.]

EVECTION, e-vek'shun, _n._ (_astron._) a lunar inequality resulting from the combined effect of the irregularity of the motion of the perigee, and alternate increase and decrease of the eccentricity of the moon's orbit. [L. _evection-em_--_e_, out, _veh[)e]re_, _vectum_, to carry.]

EVEN, [=e]v'n, _adj._ flat: level: uniform: (_Shak._) straightforward: parallel: equal on both sides: not odd, able to be divided by 2 without a remainder.--_v.t._ to make even or smooth: to put on an equality: (_Shak._) to act up to.--_adv._ exactly so: indeed: so much as: still.--_n._ EV'EN-CHRIS'TIAN (_obs._), fellow-Christian.--_adj._ EV'EN-DOWN, straight-down (of rain): downright, honest.--_adv._ thoroughly.--_adj._ EV'EN-HAND'ED, with an equal, fair, or impartial hand: just.--_adv._ EV'ENLY.--_adj._ EV'EN-MIND'ED, having an even or calm mind: equable.--_n._ EV'ENNESS.--BE EVEN WITH, to be revenged on: to be quits with. [A.S. _efen_; Dut. _even_, Ger. _eben_.]

EVENING, [=e]v'ning, _n._ the close of the daytime: the decline or end of life: an evening party or gathering.--_ns._ EV'ENFALL, early evening, twilight; EVE'NING-DRESS, the dress worn by ladies and gentlemen at evening parties; EVE'NING-PRIM'ROSE, a species of _Oenothera_, native of Virginia, but now naturalised in many parts of Europe on river-banks, in thickets, &c.--eaten after dinner it incites to wine-drinking; EVE'NING STAR, applied to Venus, when seen in the west setting soon after the sun; EV'ENSONG, evening prayer, the Anglican form appointed to be said or sung at evening: the time proper for such; EV'ENTIDE, the time of evening, evening. [A.S. _['æ]fnung_, from _['æ]fen_, even.]

EVENT, e-vent', _n._ that which happens: the result: any incident or occurrence: an item in a programme or series of sports.--_adjs._ EVENT'FUL, full of events: momentous; EVENT'[=U]AL, happening as a consequence: final.--_n._ EVENT[=U]AL'ITY, a contingency: (_phren._) the propensity to take notice of events, changes, or facts.--_adv._ EVENT'[=U]ALLY, finally: at length. [L. _eventus_--_even[)i]re_--_e_, out, _ven[=i]re_, to come.]

EVENTRATION, e-ven-tr[=a]'shun, _n._ act of opening the belly; protrusion of an organ from the abdomen.

EVER, ev'[.e]r, _adv._ always: eternally: at any time: at all times: continually: in any degree.--_n._ EV'ERGLADE, a large shallow lake or marsh: chiefly in _pl._ such a marsh in southern Florida, enclosing thousands of islets covered with dense thickets.--_adj._ EV'ERGREEN, always green.--_n._ a plant that remains green all the year.--_adv._ EVERMORE', unceasingly: eternally.--EVER AND ANON, now and then.--EVERGLADE STATE, Florida.--EVER SO, to any extent; FOR EVER, to all eternity; SELDOM OR EVER, used for seldom if ever, or seldom or never. [A.S. _['æ]fre_, always; der. uncertain; perh. cog. with Goth. _aiws_.]

EVERLASTING, ev-[.e]r-last'ing, _adj._ endless: eternal.--_n._ eternity.--_adv._ EVERLAST'INGLY.--_n._ EVERLAST'INGNESS.--EVERLASTING FLOWER, the popular name of certain plants, whose flowers may be kept for years without much diminution of beauty; FROM, or TO, EVERLASTING, from, or to, all eternity; THE EVERLASTING, God.

EVERT, e-vert', _v.t._ to turn inside out.--_n._ EVER'SION. [L. _evert[)e]re_--_e_, out, _vert[)e]re_, _versum_, to turn.]

EVERY, ev'[.e]r-i, _adj._ each one of a number: all taken separately.--_pron._ EV'ERYBODY, every person.--_adj._ EV'ERYDAY, of or belonging to every day, daily: common, usual: pertaining to week-days, in opposition to Sunday.--_pron._ EV'ERYTHING, all things: all.--_advs._ EV'ERYWAY, in every way or respect; EV'ERYWHEN, at all times; EV'ERYWHERE, in every place.--EVERY BIT, the whole; EVERY NOW AND THEN, or AGAIN, at intervals; EVERY OTHER, every second--e.g. every other day, every alternate day. [A.S. _['æ]fre_, ever, and _['æ]lc_, each.]

EVICT, e-vikt', _v.t._ to dispossess by law: to expel from.--_ns._ EVIC'TION, the act of evicting from house or lands: the dispossession of one person by another having a better title of property in land; EVIC'TOR. [L. _evictus_, pa.p. of _evinc[)e]re_, to overcome.]

EVIDENT, ev'i-dent, _adj._ that is visible or can be seen: clear to the mind: obvious.--_n._ EV'IDENCE, that which makes evident: means of proving an unknown or disputed fact: information in a law case, as 'to give evidence:' a witness.--_v.t._ to render evident: (_obs._) to attest, prove.--_adjs._ EVIDEN'TIAL, EVIDEN'TIARY, furnishing evidence: tending to prove.--_advs._ EVIDEN'TIALLY; EV'IDENTLY (_N.T._), visibly.--IN EVIDENCE, received by the court as competent evidence: plainly visible, conspicuous--a penny-a-liner's phrase adopted from the Fr. _en evidence_; TURN KING'S (QUEEN'S) EVIDENCE (of an accomplice in a crime), to give evidence against his partners. [L. _evidens_, _-entis_--_e_, out, _vid[=e]re_, to see.]

EVIL, [=e]'vl, _adj._ wicked: mischievous: disagreeable: unfortunate.--_adv._ in an evil manner: badly.--_n._ that which produces unhappiness or calamity: harm: wickedness: depravity: sin.--_ns._ E'VIL-DO'ER, one who does evil; E'VIL-EYE, a supposed power to cause evil or harm by the look of the eye.--_adj._ E'VIL-F[=A]'VOURED, having a repulsive appearance: ugly.--_n._ E'VIL-F[=A]'VOUREDNESS (_B._), ugliness: deformity.--_adv._ E'VILLY, in an evil manner: not well.--_adj._ E'VIL-MIND'ED, inclined to evil: malicious: wicked.--_ns._ E'VILNESS, state of being evil: wickedness; E'VIL-SPEAK'ING, the speaking of evil: slander.--_adj._ E'VIL-STARRED (_Tenn._), born under the influence of an unpropitious star, unfortunate.--_n._ E'VIL-WORK'ER, one who works or does evil.--THE EVIL ONE, the devil.--SPEAK EVIL OF, to slander. [A.S. _yfel_; Dut. _euvel_; Ger. _übel_. _Ill_ is a doublet.]

EVINCE, e-vins', _v.t._ to prove beyond doubt: to show clearly: to make evident.--_n._ EVINCE'MENT.--_adj._ EVINC'IBLE, that may be evinced or made evident.--_adv._ EVINC'IBLY.--_adj._ EVINC'IVE, tending to evince, prove, or demonstrate. [L. _evinc[)e]re_--_e_, inten., _vinc[)e]re_, to overcome.]

EVIRATE, [=e]'vir-[=a]t, _v.t._ to castrate: to render weak or unmanly. [L. _evir[=a]re_--_e_, out, _vir_, a man.]

EVISCERATE, e-vis'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.t._ to tear out the viscera or bowels: to gut.--_n._ EVISCER[=A]'TION. [L. _e_, out, _viscera_, the bowels.]

EVITE, e-v[=i]t', _v.i._ to avoid.--_v.t._ EV'ITATE (_Shak._) to avoid.--_n._ EVIT[=A]'TION, the act of shunning. [L. _evit[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_e_, out, _vit[=a]re_, to shun.]

EVITERNAL, ev-i-t[.e]r'nal, _adj._ eternal.--_adv._ EVITER'NALLY.--_n._ EVITER'NITY.

EVOKE, e-v[=o]k', _v.t._ to call out: to draw out or bring forth.--_v.t._ EV'OCATE, to call up (spirits) from the dead.--_n._ EVOC[=A]'TION. [L. _evoc[=a]re_--_e_, out, and _voc[=a]re_, to call.]

EVOLUTION, ev-ol-[=u]'shun, _n._ the act of unrolling or unfolding: gradual working out or development: a series of things unfolded: the doctrine according to which higher forms of life have gradually arisen out of lower: (_arith._, _alg._) the extraction of roots: (_pl._) the orderly movements of a body of troops or of ships of war.--_adjs._ EVOL[=U]'TIONAL, EVOL[=U]'TIONARY, of or pertaining to evolution.--_ns._ EVOL[=U]'TIONISM, the theory of evolution; EVOL[=U]'TIONIST, one skilled in evolutions or military movements: one who believes in evolution as a principle in science.--_adj._ EV'OL[=U]TIVE. [L. _evolutionem_--_evolv[)e]re_.]

EVOLVE, e-volv', _v.t._ to unroll: to disclose: to develop: to unravel.--_v.i._ to disclose itself: to result.--_n._ EV'OL[=U]TE (_math._), an original curve from which another curve (the _involute_) is described by the end of a thread gradually unwound from the former.--_adj._ EVOLV'ABLE, that can be drawn out.--_n._ EVOLVE'MENT.--_adj._ EVOLV'ENT. [L. _evolv[)e]re_--_e_, out, _volv[)e]re_, _vol[=u]tum_, to roll.]

EVULGATE, e-vul'g[=a]t, _v.t._ to divulge: to publish. [L. _evulg[=a]re_, _[=a]tum_--_e_, out, _vulgus_, the people.]

EVULSION, e-vul'shun, _n._ a plucking out by force. [L. _e_, out, _vell[)e]re_, _vulsum_, to pluck.]

EWE, [=u], _n._ a female sheep.--_ns._ EWE'-CHEESE, cheese made from the milk of ewes; EWE'-LAMB, a female lamb: a poor man's one possession--used in reference to 2 Sam. xii.; EWE'-NECK, of horses, a thin hollow neck.--_adj._ EWE'-NECKED. [A.S. _eowu_; cf. L. _ovis_, Gr. _oïs_, Sans, _avi_, a sheep.]

EWER, [=u]'[.e]r, _n._ a large jug with a wide spout, placed on a washstand to hold water. [Through Fr. from L. _aquarium_--_aqua_, water, whence also Fr. _eau_.]

EWEST, [=u]'est, _adj._ (_Scot._) near.

EWFT, eft, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as EFT (1).

EWHOW, [=a]'hwow, _interj._ (_Scot._) an exclamation of sorrow.

EWIGKEIT, [=a]'vih-k[=i]t, _n._ eternity. [Ger.]

EX, eks, used adjectively in words like _ex_-emperor, to signify _late_. See Prefixes in Appendix.

EXACERBATE, egz-as'[.e]r-b[=a]t, or eks-, _v.t._ to embitter: to provoke: to render more violent or severe, as a disease.--_ns._ EXACERB[=A]'TION, EXACERBES'CENCE, increase of irritation or violence, esp. the increase of a fever or disease: embitterment. [L. _exacerb[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ex_, and _acerb[=a]re_, from _acerbus_, bitter.]