Chapter I: O U, =i'=o'=u', n. a memorandum of debt given by a borrower to a (9)

MALE, m[=a]l, _adj._ masculine: pertaining to the sex that begets (not bears) young: (_bot._) bearing stamens.--_n._ one of the male sex: a he-animal: a stamen-bearing plant.--_n._ MALE'-FERN, an elegant fern, with the fronds growing in a crown.--MALE ORDER, in architecture, the Doric order; MALE RHYMES, those in which only the final syllables correspond; MALE SCREW, a screw whose threads correspond to and enter the spiral grooves of the female screw. [O. Fr. _male_--L. _masculus_, male--_mas_, a male.]

MALEDICTION, mal-e-dik'shun, _n._ evil-speaking: a calling down of evil: curse: execration or imprecation.--_adjs._ MALEDICT'ORY, imprecatory; MALEDIKT', accursed. [O. Fr.,--L. _malediction-em_--_male_, badly, _dic[)e]re_, _dictum_, to speak.]

MALEFACTOR, mal'e-fak-tur, or mal-e-fak'tur, _n._ an evil-doer: a criminal.--_n._ MALEFAC'TION (_Shak._), a crime, an offence.--_adj._ MALEF'IC, doing mischief: producing evil.--_adv._ MALEF'ICALLY.--_v.t._ MALEF'ICATE, to bewitch.--_ns._ MAL'EFICE (_obs._), an evil deed: enchantment; MALEF'ICENCE, the character of being maleficent.--_adjs._ MALEF'ICENT, MALEFIC'IENT. [L., _male_, badly, _fac[)e]re_, to do.]

MALEIC, ma-l[=e]'ik, _adj._ obtained from malic acid.

MALENGINE, ma-len'jin, _n._ (_Spens._) evil device, deceit. [L. _malus_, bad, _ingenium_, ingenuity.]

MALETOTE, mal'e-t[=o]t, _n._ an illegal exaction.--Also MAL'ETOLT. [O. Fr.]

MALEVOLENT, mal-ev'o-lent, _adj._ wishing evil: ill-disposed towards others: rejoicing in another's misfortune: envious: malicious--also MALEV'OLOUS.--_n._ MALEV'OLENCE.--_adv._ MALEV'OLENTLY. [L. _male_, badly, _volens_, pr.p. of _velle_, to wish.]

MALFEASANCE, mal-f[=e]'zans, _n._ evil-doing: the doing of what one ought not to do: an illegal deed. [Fr. _malfaisance_--L. _male_, evil, _fac[)e]re_, to do.]

MALFORMATION, mal-for-m[=a]'shun, _n._ bad or wrong formation: irregular or anomalous structure.--_adj._ MALFORMED'.

MALGRADO, mal-grä'do, _adv._ in spite of. [It.]

MALGRE. Same as MAUGRE.

MALIC, m[=a]'lik, _adj._ obtained from the juice of several fruits, esp. the apple. [L. _malum_, an apple.]

MALICE, mal'is, _n._ ill-will: spite: disposition to harm others: deliberate mischief: intention to harm another.--_adj._ MALIC'IOUS, bearing ill-will or spite: moved by hatred or ill-will: having mischievous intentions.--_adv._ MALIC'IOUSLY.--_n._ MALIC'IOUSNESS. [Fr.,--L. _malitia_--_malus_, bad.]

MALIGN, ma-l[=i]n', _adj._ of an evil disposition towards others: malicious: unfavourable.--_v.t._ to speak evil of: (_obs._) to treat with malice.--_ns._ MALIGN'ER; MALIG'NITY, state or quality of being malign: great hatred, virulence: deadly quality.--_adv._ MALIGN'LY.--_n._ MALIGN'MENT. [Fr. _malin_, fem. _maligne_--L. _malignus_ for _maligenus_, of evil disposition--_malus_, bad, and _gen_, root of _genus_.]

MALIGNANT, ma-lig'nant, _adj._ disposed to do harm or to cause suffering: malign: acting maliciously: actuated by great hatred: tending to cause death.--_n._ a name applied by the Puritan party to one who had fought for Charles I. in the Civil War.--_n._ MALIG'NANCY, MALIG'NANCE, state or quality of being malignant.--_adv._ MALIG'NANTLY. [L. _malignans_, pr.p. of _malign[=a]re_, to act maliciously.]

MALINES LACE. Same as MECHLIN LACE. See LACE.

MALINFLUENCE, mal-in'fl[=oo]-ens, _n._ evil influence.

MALINGER, ma-ling'g[.e]r, _v.i._ to feign sickness in order to avoid duty.--_ns._ MALING'ERER; MALING'ERY, feigned sickness. [Fr. _malingre_--_mal_--L. _malus_, bad, O. Fr. _heingre_, ailing--L. _æger_, sick.]

MALISON, mal'i-zn, _n._ a curse:--opp. to _Benison_. [O. Fr.; a doublet of _malediction_; cf. _benison_ and _benediction_.]

MALKIN, maw'kin, _n._ (_Shak._) a term used in contempt for a dirty woman: a mop: (_Scot._) a hare.--Also MAW'KIN. [Dim. of _Mal_ or _Moll_, Mary.]

MALL, mawl, or mal, _n._ a large wooden beetle or hammer.--_v.t._ to beat with a mall or something heavy: to bruise. [O. Fr. _mail_--L. _malleus_.]

MALL, mel, or mal, _n._ a level shaded walk: a public walk. [Contr. through O. Fr. of Old It. _palamaglio_--It. _palla_, a ball, _maglio_, a mace.]

MALLARD, mal'ard, _n._ a drake: the common duck in its wild state. [O. Fr. _malard_ (Fr. _malart_)--_male_, male, and suffix _-ard_.]

MALLEATE, mal'e-[=a]t, _v.t._ to hammer: to form into a plate or leaf by hammering.--_adj._ MALL'EABLE, that may be malleated or beaten out by hammering.--_ns._ MALL'EABLENESS, MALLEABIL'ITY, quality of being malleable; MALLE[=A]'TION.--_adj._ MALL'EIFORM, hammer-shaped.--_n._ MALL'EUS, one of the small bones of the middle ear in mammals. [L. _malleus_, a hammer.]

MALLECHO, mal'[=e]-ch[=o], _n._ (_Shak._) villainy--probably a corruption of Spanish _malhecho_, mischief.--Also MAL'ICHO.

MALLEE, mal'[=e], _n._ two dwarf species of Eucalyptus in Australia.--_ns._ MALL'EE-BIRD, MALL'EE-HEN, an Australian mound-bird or megapode.

MALLEMAROKING, mal'[=e]-ma-r[=o]'king, _n._ the visiting and carousing of seamen in the Greenland ships. [Prob. to act like the _mallemuck_.]

MALLEMUCK, mal'e-muk, _n._ the fulmar petrel. [Ger.]

MALLEOLUS, ma-l[=e]'[=o]-lus, _n._ a bony protuberance on either side of the ankle.--_adj._ MAL'L[=E]OLAR. [L.]

MALLET, mal'et, _n._ a small wooden hammer: the long-handled hammer for driving the balls in croquet. [Fr. _maillet_, dim. of _mail_, a mall.]

MALLOW, mal'[=o], _n._ any plant of genus _Malva_--from its emollient properties or its soft downy leaves. [A.S. _malwe_--L. _malva_; Gr. _malach[=e]_--_malassein_, to make soft.]

MALM, MAUM, mäm, _n._ calcareous loam, earth specially good for brick. [A.S. _mealm_, sand.]

MALMSEY, mäm'ze, _n._ a sort of grape: a strong and sweet wine, first made in Greece, but now also in the Canary Islands and the Azores. [O. Fr. _malvoisie_, from _Malvasia_ in the Morea.]

MALODOUR, mal-[=o]'dor, _n._ an offensive odour.--_adj._ MAL[=O]'DOROUS.--_n._ MAL[=O]'DOROUSNESS.

MALPIGHIAN, mal-pig'i-an, _adj._ applied in anatomy to several structures in the kidney and spleen investigated by Marcello _Malpighi_ (1628-94).

MALPOSITION, mal-p[=o]-zish'un, _n._ a wrong position, misplacement.

MALPRACTICE, mal-prak'tis, _n._ evil practice or conduct: practice contrary to established rules.--_n._ MALPRACTIT'IONER, a physician guilty of malpractice.

MALPRESENTATION, mal-pr[=e]-zen-t[=a]'shun, _n._ abnormal presentation in childbirth.

MALSTICK. See MAHL-STICK.

MALT, mawlt, _n._ barley or other grain steeped in water, allowed to sprout, and dried in a kiln, used in brewing ale, &c.--_v.t._ to make into malt.--_v.i._ to become malt: (_hum._) to drink malt liquor.--_adj._ containing or made with malt.--_ns._ MALT'-DUST, grain-sprouts produced and 'screened off' in malt-making; MALT'-FLOOR, a perforated floor in the chamber of a malt-kiln, through which heat rises; MALT'-HORSE, a heavy horse, such as used by brewers--hence (_Shak._) used in reproach for a dull, stupid person; MALT'ING; MALT'-KILN; MALT'-MILL, a mill for grinding malt; MALT'OSE, a hard, white, crystalline sugar, formed by the action of malt or diastase on starch; MALT'STER, MALT'MAN, one whose trade or occupation it is to make malt (_-ster_ was up to the end of the 13th century a feminine affix); MALT'WORM (_Shak._), a lover of malted liquors, a tippler.--_adj._ MALT'Y.--MALT LIQUOR, a liquor, as beer, ale, or porter, formed from malt; MALT TEA, the liquid infusion of the mash in brewing. [A.S. _mealt_, pa.t. of _meltan_, to soften; cf. Ger. _malz_.]

MALTALENT, mal'tal-ent, _n._ (_Spens._) bad inclination, ill-humour.

MALTESE, mal-t[=e]z', _n._ a native, or the natives, of _Malta_: the dialect, a corrupt Arabic mixed with Italian.--_adj._ belonging to Malta, or to its inhabitants.--MALTESE CROSS (see CROSS); MALTESE DOG, a very small spaniel with long silky hair.

MALTHA, mal'tha, _n._ a thick mineral pitch: any similar preparation used by the ancients as a cement, stucco, or mortar. [L.]

MALTHUSIAN, mal-th[=u]'zhan, _adj._ relating to _Malthus_ or to the principles he taught regarding the necessity of preventing population from increasing faster than the means of living.--_n._ a disciple of Thomas Robert _Malthus_ (1766-1834).

MALTREAT, mal-tr[=e]t', _v.t._ to abuse: to use roughly or unkindly.--_n._ MALTREAT'MENT. [Fr. _maltraiter_--L. _male_, ill, TRACT[=A]RE, to treat.]

MALVACEOUS, mal-v[=a]'shus, _adj._ (_bot._) pertaining to plants of the mallow family.

MALVERSATION, mal-v[.e]r-s[=a]'shun, _n._ evil conduct: misbehaviour in office: corruption: extortion. [Fr.--L. _male_, badly, _vers[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_, to occupy one's self.]

MALVOISIE, mal'vwä-z[=e], _n._ Same as MALMSEY.

MAMBRINO, mam-br[=e]'no, _n._ a medieval iron hat, from its likeness to the barber's basin in _Don Quixote_.

MAMELUKE, mam'e-l[=oo]k, _n._ one of a force of light horse in Egypt formed of Circassian slaves--dispersed in 1811. [Fr.,--Ar. _mamlûk_, a purchased slave--_malaka_, to possess.]

MAMMA, MAMA, mam-mä', _n._ mother--used chiefly by young children.--_n._ MAMM'Y, mother. [_Mama_, a repetition of _ma_, the first syllable a child naturally utters.]

MAMMALIA, mam-m[=a]'li-a, _n.pl._ (_zool._) the whole class of animals that suckle their young.--_ns._ MAM'ELON, a small hillock with a rounded top; MAM'MA, the mammary gland:--_pl._ MAM'MÆ; MAM'MAL, (_zool._), one of the mammalia:--_pl._ MAMMALS (mam'alz).--_adjs._ MAMM[=A]'LIAN; MAMMALIF'EROUS (_geol._), bearing mammals; MAMMALOG'ICAL.--_ns._ MAMMAL'OGIST; MAMMAL'OGY, the scientific knowledge of mammals.--_adjs._ MAM'MARY, relating to the mammæ or breasts; MAM'MATE, having breasts.--_n._ MAM'MIFER, an animal having mammæ.--_adjs._ MAMMIF'EROUS, having mammaæ; MAM'MIFORM, having the form of a breast or pap--also MAMMIL'IFORM.--_n._ MAMMIL'LA, the nipple of the mammary gland:--_pl._ MAMMIL'LÆ.--_adjs._ MAM'MILLARY, pertaining to, or resembling, the breasts: studded with rounded projections; MAM'MILLATE, having a mammilla; MAM'MILLATED, having small nipples, or little globes like nipples: nipple-shaped.--_n._ MAMMILL[=A]'TION--_adj._ MAMMOSE' (_bot._), breast-shaped. [L.]

MAMMEE, mam-m[=e]', _n._ a highly esteemed fruit of the West Indies and tropical America, having a sweet taste and aromatic odour: the tree producing the fruit, the _Mammea_. [Haitian.]

MAMMER, mam'[.e]r, _v.i._ (_Shak._) to hesitate, to stand muttering and in doubt. [Prob. imit.]

MAMMET, mam'et, _n._ (_Shak._) a puppet, a figure dressed up. [Cf. _mawmet_, an idol.]

MAMMOCK, mam'uk, _n._ a shapeless piece.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to tear to pieces, to mangle.

MAMMON, mam'un, _n._ riches: the god of riches.--_adj._ MAMM'ONISH, devoted to money-getting.--_ns._ MAMM'ONISM, devotion to gain; MAMM'ONIST, MAMM'ONITE, a person devoted to riches: a worldling.--_adj._ MAMMONIST'IC. [Low L. _mammona_--Gr. _mam[=o]nas_--Syriac _mamônâ_, riches.]

MAMMOTH, mam'uth, _n._ an extinct species of elephant.--_adj._ resembling the mammoth in size: very large. [Russ. _mamant[)u]_--Tartar _mamma_, the earth.]

MAN, man, _n._ a human being: mankind: a grown-up male: a male attendant: one possessing a distinctively masculine character: a husband: a piece used in playing chess or draughts: a ship, as in man-of-war: a word of familiar address:--_pl._ MEN.--_v.t._ to supply with men: to strengthen or fortify:--_pr.p._ man'ning; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ manned.--_ns._ MAN'-AT-ARMS, a soldier; MAN-CHILD, a male child: a boy; MAN'DOM (_rare_), humanity, men collectively; MAN'-EAT'ER, a cannibal: a tiger; MAN'-EN'GINE, an elevator for raising and lowering men in some deep mines.--_adj._ MAN'FUL, having the qualities of a man: full of manliness: bold: courageous: noble-minded.--_adv._ MAN'FULLY.--_ns._ MAN'FULNESS; MAN'-HOLE, a hole in a drain, cesspool, &c., large enough to admit a man, for the purpose of cleaning or repairing it; MAN'HOOD, state of being a man: manly quality: human nature; MAN'KIND, the kind or race of man: the mass of human beings.--_adj._ MAN'-LIKE, having the appearance, characteristics, or qualities of a man.--_n._ MAN'LINESS.--_adj._ MAN'LY, becoming a man: brave: dignified: noble: pertaining to manhood: not childish or womanish.--_n._ MAN'-MILL'INER, a man engaged in millinery--often in contempt.--_adjs._ MAN'-MIND'ED (_Tenn._), having the mind or qualities of a man; MAN'NISH, like a man: masculine: bold.--_ns._ MAN'-OF-WAR, a war-ship: (_B._) a soldier; MAN'-OF-WAR'S-MAN, a man who serves on board a war-ship; MAN'-QUELL'ER (_Shak._), a man-killer, a murderer; MAN'SLAUGHTER, the slaying of a man: (_law_) the killing of any one unlawfully, but without malice or forethought; MAN'SLAYER, one who kills a man; MAN'STEALER, one who steals human beings, esp. to make slaves of them; MAN'TRAP, a trap or machine for catching people who trespass.--MAN ABOUT TOWN, a fashionable idler, dangling about clubs, theatres, &c.; MAN ALIVE! an exclamation of surprise; MAN FRIDAY, a servile attendant, factotum--from Robinson Crusoe's man; MAN IN THE MOON, a fancied semblance of a man walking in the moon, with a bush near, and his dog behind him; MAN OF BUSINESS, an agent or a lawyer; MAN OF (HIS) HANDS, a handy, clever fellow; MAN OF LETTERS, a scholar and writer; MAN OF SIN, the devil: Antichrist; MAN OF STRAW, a person put in the front of some business, but who is not really responsible; MAN OF THE WORLD, a person well accustomed to the ways and dealings of men. [A.S. _mann_; Ger. _mann_, Dut. _man_, L. _mas_--_mans_, a male, Sans. _manu_, a man.]

MANACLE, man'a-kl, _n._ a handcuff.--_v.t._ to put manacles on: to restrain the use of the limbs or any of the natural powers. [Through O. Fr., from L. _manicula_, dim. of _manica_, sleeve--_manus_, hand.]

MANAGE, man'[=a]j, _v.t._ to guide by use of the hands: to have under command or control: to bring round to one's plans: to conduct with great carefulness: to wield: to handle: to contrive: to train by exercise, as a horse.--_v.i._ to conduct affairs.--_n._ MANAGEABIL'ITY, the quality of being manageable.--_adj._ MAN'AGEABLE, that can be managed: governable.--_n._ MAN'AGEABLENESS.--_adv._ MAN'AGEABLY.--_ns._ MAN'AGEMENT, art or act of managing: manner of directing or of using anything: administration: skilful treatment: a body of managers; MAN'AGER, one who manages: a person who controls a business or other concern.--_adj._ MANAG[=E]'RIAL, of or pertaining to a manager, or to management. [Fr. _manége_, the managing of a horse--It. _maneggio_--L. _manus_, the hand.]

MANAKIN, man'a-kin, _n._ a small tropical American piproid bird: a variant form of _manikin_.

MANATEE, man-a-t[=e]', _n._ an aquatic animal--also called the _Sea-cow_ or _Dugong_ (q.v.).

MANCHE, manch, _n._ (_her._) a sleeve: the neck of a violin, &c. [Fr.]

MANCHESTER GOODS, man'ches-t[.e]r goods, _n.pl._ goods or articles made in _Manchester_, esp. cotton and woollen cloths: similar goods made elsewhere.

MANCHET, man'chet, _n._ (_Tenn._) a small loaf or cake of fine white bread. [Ety. dub.]

MANCHETTE, man-shet', _n._ an ornamental cuff.

MANCHINEEL, manch-i-n[=e]l', _n._ a West Indian tree, remarkable for the poisonous qualities of its juice, and having a fruit resembling a small apple. [Sp. _manzanillo_, a small apple.]

MANCHU, MANCHOO, man-ch[=oo]', _n._ one of the race from which Manchuria took its name, and which governed China in the 17th century.--_adj._ of or pertaining to Manchuria or to its inhabitants. [Chin., meaning 'pure.']

MANCIPATION, man-si-p[=a]'shun, _n._ in ancient Rome, a legal formality for acquiring title to property by actual or by simulated purchase.--_v.t._ MAN'CIPATE.--_adj._ MAN'CIPATORY.

MANCIPLE, man'si-pl, _n._ a steward: a purveyor, particularly of a college or an inn of court. [O. Fr.,--L. _manceps_, a purchaser--_manus_, hand, _cap[)e]re_, take.]

MANDÆAN, man-d[=e]'an, _n._ and _adj._ one of an ancient and still surviving sect in southern Babylonia, their religion a corrupt Gnosticism, with many Jewish and Parsee elements.--Also _Mendaites_, _Nasoreans_, and _Sabians_, and also _Christians of St John_. [Mandæan _mand[=a]_, knowledge, gnosis.]

MANDAMUS, man-d[=a]'mus, _n._ a writ or command issued by a higher court to a lower. [L., 'we command'--_mand[=a]re_, to command.]

MANDARIN, man-da-r[=e]n', _n._ a European name for a Chinese official, civil or military: a small kind of orange, thought to be of Chinese origin.---_n._ MANDAR[=I]'NATE. [Port, _mandarim_--Malayan _mantrí_, counsellor--Sans. _mantra_, counsel.]

MANDATE, man'd[=a]t, _n._ a charge: a command from a superior official or judge to an inferior, ordering him how to act, esp. from the Pope to a legate, &c.: a right given to a person to act in name of another: a rescript of the Pope.--_ns._ MAN'DATARY, MAN'DATORY, one to whom a mandate is given by a Man'dator.--_adj._ MAN'DATORY, containing a mandate or command; preceptive: directory. [Fr. _mandat_--L. _mand[=a]tum_, _mand[=a]re_--_manus_, hand, _d[)a]re_, give.]

MANDIBLE, man'di-bl, _n._ a jaw-bone, esp. that of the lower jaw.--_adjs._ MANDIB'ULAR, relating to the jaw; MANDIB'UL[=A]TE, -D, having mandibles for biting, like many insects. [L. _mandibula_--_mand[)e]re_, chew.]

MANDOLINE, MANDOLIN, man'do-lin, _n._ a musical instrument somewhat like a lute, having strings, finger-board, and neck like a guitar.--_n._ MAND[=O]'LA, a large mandoline. [Fr.,--It. _mandola_, _mandora_, a lute.]

MANDORLA, man-dor'la, _n._ an oval panel, or a work of art filling such: the _vesica piscis_. [It.]

MANDRAKE, man'dr[=a]k, _n._ a plant of the genus _Mandragora_, with narcotic properties, once regarded as an aphrodisiac, shrieking when pulled out of the ground.--MANDRAG'ORA (_Shak._). [L.,--Gr. _mandragoras_.]

MANDREL, man'drel, _n._ a bar of iron fitted to a turning-lathe on which articles to be turned are fixed: the axle of a circular saw.--Also MAN'DRIL. [Fr. _mandrin_; prob. through Low L. from Gr. _mandra_.]

MANDRILL, man'dril, _n._ a large kind of baboon, a native of Western Africa. [Fr.]

MANDUCATE, man'd[=u]-k[=a]t, _v.t._ to chew or eat.--_adj._ MAN'DUCABLE.--_n._ MANDUC[=A]'TION.--_adj._ MAN'DUCATORY. [L. _manduc[=a]re_--_mand[)e]re_, to chew.]

MANE, m[=a]n, _n._ the long hair flowing from the neck of some quadrupeds, as the horse and the lion.--_adjs._ MANED, having a mane; MANE'LESS, without a mane; MANE'-LIKE (_Tenn._), like a mane: hanging in the form of a mane.--_n._ MANE'-SHEET, a covering for the upper part of a horse's head. [A.S. _manu_; Ice. _mön_; Ger. _mähne_.]

MANÈGE, man-[=a]zh', _n._ the managing of horses: the art of horsemanship or of training horses: a riding-school.--_v.t._ to train, as a horse. [Fr.; cf. _manage_.]

MANEH, m[=a]'ne, _n._ a Hebrew weight of uncertain value. See MINA. [Heb.]

MANEQUIN. Same as MANIKIN.

MANES, m[=a]'n[=e]z, _n._ (_Roman myth._) the benevolent or tutelary spirits of departed persons: the lower world, as being the abode of the manes. [L.]

MANET, m[=a]'net, he remains, a stage direction. [L. 3d sing. pres. ind. of _man[=e]re_, to remain.]

MANGA, man'ga, _n._ a covering for a cross.

MANGABEY, mang'ga-b[=a], _n._ a slender and agile African monkey.

MANGAL, man'gal, _n._ a Turkish brazier for charcoal.

MANGANESE, mang-ga-n[=e]z', or mang'ga-n[=e]z, _n._ a hard and brittle metal of a grayish-white colour, somewhat like iron.--_adjs._ MANGAN[=E]'SIAN, MANGAN[=E]'SIC, MANGAN'IC, MANG'ANOUS; MANGANIF'EROUS.--_n._ MANG'ANITE, gray ore of manganese, used in glass manufacture. [O. Fr. _manganese_, a material used in making glass, prob. from It. and cog. with _magnesia_.]

MANGE, m[=a]nj, _n._ the scab or itch which eats the skin of domestic animals. [From adj. _mangy_.]

MANGEL-WURZEL, mang'gl-wur'zl, _n._ a plant of the beet kind cultivated as food for cattle.--Also MANG'OLD-WUR'ZEL. [Ger. _mangold_, beet, _wurzel_, root.]

MANGER, m[=a]nj'[.e]r, _n._ a trough in which food is laid for horses and cattle.--DOG IN THE MANGER, one who will neither enjoy something himself nor let others do so--also adjectively. [O. Fr. _mangeoire_--_mangier_, to eat--L. _manducus_, a glutton--_mand[)e]re_, to chew.]

MANGLE, mang'gl, _v.t._ to cut and bruise: to tear in cutting: to mutilate: to take by piecemeal.--_n._ MANG'LER. [Skeat suggests a freq. form of O. Fr. _mahaigner_, to maim--_mehaing_, a hurt.]

MANGLE, mang'gl, _n._ a rolling-press for smoothing linen.--_v.t._ to smooth with a mangle: to calender.--_n._ MANG'LER. [Dut. _mangelen_, to roll with a rolling-pin, through Low L., from Gr. _manganon_, the axis of a pulley.]

MANGO, mang'g[=o], _n._ the fruit of the mango-tree of the East Indies: a green musk-melon pickled. [Malay _mañgg[=a]_.]

MANGONEL, mang'go-nel, _n._ an engine used before the invention of cannon for throwing stones, &c. [O. Fr.,--Low L. _mangonellus_--Gr. _manganon_, a machine for throwing stones.]

MANGOSTAN, mang'go-stan, MANGOSTEEN, mang'go-st[=e]n, _n._ an East Indian tree, and its fruit, which is of a most delicious taste. [Malay.]

MANGROVE, man'gr[=o]v, _n._ a tree which grows on muddy shores and river-banks in the East and West Indies. [Malayan.]

MANGY, m[=a]nj'i, _adj._ scabby.--_n._ MANG'INESS. [Anglicised form of Fr. _mangé_, eaten, pa.p. of _manger_, to eat--L. _manduc[=a]re_, to chew.]

MANIA, m[=a]'ni-a, _n._ violent madness: insanity: excessive or unreasonable desire.--_n._ M[=A]'NIAC, a person affected with mania: a madman.--_adj._ raving mad.--_adj._ MANIACAL (ma-n[=i]'a-kal).--_adv._ MAN[=I]'ACALLY. [L.,--Gr. _mania_; cf. _menos_, mind.]

MANICATE, man'i-k[=a]t, _adj._ (_bot._) covered with hairs so matted or interwoven as to be easily stripped off. [L. _manic[=a]tus_, sleeved--_manicæ_, long sleeves.]

MANICHÆAN, MANICHEAN, man-i-k[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to the _Manichees_ or followers of _Mani_, a native of Ecbatana (215-276 A.D.), who taught that everything sprang from two chief principles, light and darkness, or good and evil.--_n._ a believer in Manichæanism--also MAN'ICHEE.--_ns._ MANICHÆ'ANISM, MANICH[=E]'ISM, the doctrines of the Manichæans.

MANICURE, man'i-k[=u]r, _n._ the care of hands and nails: one who practises this.--_v.t._ to treat the hands and nails. [L. _manus_, hand, _cura_, care.]

MANIFEST, man'i-fest, _adj._ that may be easily seen by the eye or perceived by the mind: clear: apparent: evident.--_v.t._ to make clear or easily seen: to show plainly: to put beyond doubt: to reveal or declare.--_n._ an open or public statement: a list or invoice of a ship's cargo to be exhibited at the custom-house.--_adjs._ MANIFEST'ABLE, MANIFEST'IBLE, that can be manifested or clearly shown.--_n._ MANIFEST[=A]'TION, act of disclosing what is dark or secret: that by which something is manifested or shown: display: revelation.--_adv._ MAN'IFESTLY.--_n._ MAN'IFESTNESS, state of being manifest. [Fr.,--L. _manifestus_--_manus_, the hand, _-festus_, _pa.p._ of obs. _fend[)e]re_, to dash against.]

MANIFESTO, man-i-fest'[=o], _n._ a public written declaration of the intentions, opinions, or motives of a sovereign or of a leader of a party.--_v.i._ (_rare_) to issue a manifesto. [It.,--L.; see MANIFEST.]

MANIFOLD, man'i-f[=o]ld, _adj._ various in kind or quality: many in number: multiplied.--_adj._ MAN'IFOLDED (_Spens._), having many folds or complications.--_adv._ MAN'IFOLDLY.--_n._ MAN'IFOLDNESS.

MANIFORM, man'i-form, _adj._ having the shape or form of a hand. [L. _manus_, the hand, _forma_, a shape.]

MANIGRAPH, man'i-graf, _n._ a device for multiplying copies of writings or drawings.

MANIHOT, man'i-hot, _n._ a genus of tropical American, mainly Brazilian, herbs of the spurge family--two species yielding the bitter and the sweet cassava respectively.

MANIKIN, man'i-kin, _n._ a dwarf: a pasteboard model exhibiting the different parts and organs of the human body. [Old Dut. _mann-ek-en_, a double dim. of _man_, Eng. _man_.]

MANILA, MANILLA, ma-nil'a, _n._ a cheroot manufactured in _Manila_, in the Philippine Islands.

MANILLA, ma-nil'a, _n._ a ring worn as an ornament on the arm or leg, or used as money among the tribes of West Africa.--Also M[=A]'NILIO, MANILLE'. [Low L. _manilia_, a bracelet--L. _manus_, the hand.]

MANILLE, ma-nil', _n._ in ombre and quadrille, the highest card but one. [Fr.]

MANIOC, m[=a]'ni-ok, _n._ a tropical plant from which cassava and tapioca are obtained.--Also written MAN'DIOC, M[=A]'NIHOC, M[=A]'NIHOT. [Sp. _mandioca_--Brazilian.]

MANIPLE, man'i-pl, _n._ a company of foot-soldiers in the Roman army: in the Western Church, a eucharistic vestment, a narrow strip worn on the left arm.--_adj._ MANIP'ULAR, of or pertaining to a maniple: pertaining to handling or manipulation. [L. _manipulus_--_manus_, the hand, _pl[=e]re_, to fill.]

MANIPULATE, ma-nip'[=u]-l[=a]t, _v.t._ to work with the hands.--_v.i._ to use the hands, esp. in scientific experiments: to handle or manage: to give a false appearance to: to turn to one's own purpose or advantage.--_n._ MANIPUL[=A]'TION, act of manipulating or working by hand: use of the hands in a skilful manner in science or in art.--_adjs._ MANIP'ULATIVE, MANIP'ULATORY, done by manipulation.--_n._ MANIP'ULATOR, one who manipulates or works with the hand. [Low L. _manipul[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_. See MANIPLE.]

MANIS, m[=a]'nis, _n._ the pangolin or scaly ant-eater.

MANITO, man'i-t[=o], _n._ a spirit or other object of reverence among some of the American Indians.--Also MANITOU. [Algonkin.]

MANNA, man'a, _n._ the food supplied to the Israelites in the wilderness of Arabia: delicious food for body or mind: a sweet juice or gum got from many trees, as the ash of Sicily.--_adj._ MANNIF'EROUS. [Heb. _m[=a]n h[=u]_, what is it? or from _man_, a gift.]

MANNER, man'[.e]r, _n._ the way in which anything is done: method: fashion: personal style of acting or bearing one's self: habit: custom: style of writing or of thought: sort: style: (_pl._) morals: good behaviour: character: respectful deportment.--_adj._ MANN'ERED, having manners (esp. in compounds, as well- or ill-mannered): affected with mannerism: artificial: stilted.--_ns._ MANN'ERISM, a constant sameness of manner: a marked peculiarity of style or manner, esp. in literary composition: manner or style becoming wearisome by its sameness; MANN'ERIST, one addicted to mannerism.--_adj._ MANNERIS'TIC.--_adv._ MANNERIS'TICALLY.--_n._ MANN'ERLINESS.--_adj._ MANN'ERLY, showing good manners: well-behaved: complaisant: not rude.--_adv._ with good manners: civilly: respectfully: without rudeness.--BY NO MANNER OF MEANS, under no circumstances whatever; IN A MANNER, to a certain degree; IN, or WITH, THE MANNER (_B._), in the very act; MAKE ONE'S MANNERS, to salute a person on meeting by a bow, courtesy, &c.; SHARK'S MANNERS, rapacity; TO THE MANNER BORN, accustomed to something from birth. [Fr. _manière_--_main_--L. _manus_, the hand.]

MANNING, man'ing, _n._ the act of supplying with men.

MANNITE, man'[=i]t, _n._ a sweetish crystalline compound found in celery, sea-grasses, the dried sap of the flowering ash, &c.

MANOEUVRE, ma-n[=oo]'v[.e]r, or ma-n[=u]'-, _n._ a piece of dexterous management: stratagem: a skilful and clever movement in military or naval tactics.--_v.i._ and _v.t._ to perform a manoeuvre: to manage with art: to change the position of troops or of ships: to affect or to gain by manoeuvres.--_n._ MANOEU'VRER. [Fr.,--Low L. _manuopera_--L. _manu_, by hand, _opera_, work. Cf. _manure_.]

MANOMETER, man-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring the rarity or density of gases from their elastic force--also MAN'OSCOPE.--_adjs._ MANOMET'RIC, -AL.--_n._ MANOS'COPY. [Gr. _manos_, rare, _metron_, measure.]

MANOR, man'or, _n._ the land belonging to a nobleman, or so much as he formerly kept for his own use: the district over which the court of the lord of the manor had authority: a tract of land in America for which a fee-farm rent was paid.--_ns._ MAN'OR-HOUSE, -SEAT, the house or seat belonging to a manor.--_adj._ MAN[=O]'RIAL, pertaining to a manor. [O. Fr. _manoir_--L. _man[=e]re_, _mansum_, to stay.]

MANQUÉ, mang'k[=a], _adj._ spoiled: defective: off: lost: missed. [Fr.]

MANSARD-ROOF, man'sard-r[=oo]f, _n._ a form of roof having a break in the slope, the lower part being steeper than the upper, so called from the architect, François _Mansart_ (1598-1666).

MANSE, mans, _n._ the residence of a clergyman, esp. of Presbyterians in Scotland. [O. Fr.,--Low L. _mansa_, a farm--_man[=e]re_, _mansus_, to remain.]

MANSION, man'shun, _n._ a house, esp. one of some size: a manor-house: the dwelling of a nobleman or a landholder: (_B._) a resting-place.--_ns._ MAN'SION-HOUSE, a mansion: the official residence of the Lord Mayor of London; MAN'SIONRY (_Shak._), a mansion, place of residence. [O. Fr.,--L. _mansion-em_--_man[=e]re_, _mansus_, to remain.]

MANSUETUDE, man'swe-t[=u]d, _n._ gentleness: tameness: mildness.--_adj._ MAN'SUETE (_rare_), mild. [Fr.,--L. _mansuetudo_, mildness.]

MANSWORN, man'sworn, _p.adj._ (_obs._) perjured. [A.S. _manswérian_, to swear falsely.]

MANTEL, man'tl, _n._ the ornamental shelf over a fireplace.--Also MAN'TEL-PIECE, MAN'TEL-SHELF.

MANTIC, man'tik, _adj._ relating to divination: prophetic. [Gr. _mantikos_--_mantis_, a prophet.]

MANTICORE, man'ti-k[=o]r, _n._ a fabulous beast of prey with a human head. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _mantich[=o]ras_.]

MANTILLA, man-til'a, _n._ a small mantle: a kind of veil covering the head and falling down upon the shoulders. [Sp.; cf. _mantle_.]

MANTIS, man'tis, _n._ a genus of orthopterous insects somewhat like locusts, carrying their large spinous forelegs in the attitude of prayer. [Gr. _mantis_.]

MANTLE, man'tl, _n._ a covering: a cloak or loose outer garment: spirit: (_zool._) the thin fleshy membrane lining a mollusc's shell: a conical wire-network covered with some highly refractory earth that becomes luminous under a flame.--_v.t._ to cover: to disguise.--_v.i._ to spread like a mantle: to revel: to joy: to froth: to rush to the face and impart a crimson glow, as blood.--_ns._ MAN'TLET, MAN'TELET, a small cloak for women: (_fort._) a movable shield or screen to protect an attacking force, or gunners while serving their guns; MAN'TLING, cloth suitable for mantles: (_her._) the representation of a mantle, or the drapery of a coat-of-arms. [O. Fr. _mantel_ (Fr. _manteau_)--L. _mantellum_, a napkin.]

MANTOLOGY, man-tol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the act or art of divination.--n. MANTOL'OGIST.

MANTON, man'tun, _n._ a shawl or wrap. [Sp.,--_manta_, a cloak. Same root as _mantle_.]

MANTRA, man'tra, _n._ a Vedic hymn of praise: the matter of the Sanhita or first division of the Veda: a sacred text used as an incantation. [Sans., 'thought.']

MANTUA, man't[=u]-a, _n._ a lady's cloak or mantle: a lady's gown--(_Scot._) MANT'Y.--_n._ MAN'TUA-MAK'ER, a maker of ladies' gowns and dresses. [Prob. arose through confusion of _manteau_ (It. _manto_) with _Mantua_, in Italy.]

MANTUAN, man't[=u]-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Mantua_ in Italy, or to the poet Virgil or his works.--_n._ a native of Mantua, esp. Virgil.

MANUAL, man'[=u]-al, _adj._ pertaining to the hand: done, made, or used by the hand.--_n._ drill in the use of weapons, &c.: a handbook: a handy compendium of a large subject or treatise: the key-board of an organ, &c.: an old office-book like the modern R.C. _ritual_.--_adv._ MAN'UALLY.--MANUAL ALPHABET, the letters made by the deaf and dumb with the hand in conversation; MANUAL EXERCISE, the exercise by which soldiers are made to handle their arms. [L. _manualis_--_manus_, the hand.]

MANUBRIUM, m[=a]-n[=u]'bri-um, _n._ the presternum of most mammals: in organ-building, a stop-knob or handle.--_adj._ MAN[=U]'BRI[=A]TED. [L., 'a handle.']

MANUFACTURE, man-[=u]-fakt'[=u]r, _v.t._ to make from raw materials by any means into a form suitable for use.--_v.i._ to be occupied in manufactures.--_n._ the process of manufacturing: anything manufactured.--_n._ MANUFACT'ORY, a factory or place where goods are manufactured.--_adj._ MANUFACT'URAL.--_n._ MANUFACT'URER, one who manufactures.--_p.adj._ MANUFACT'URING, pertaining to manufactures. [Fr.,--L. _manus_, the hand, _factura_, a making, from _fac[)e]re_, _factum_, to make.]

MANUMIT, man-[=u]-mit', _v.t._ to release from slavery: to set free, as a slave:--_pr.p._ man[=u]mit'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ man[=u]mit'ted.--_n._ MANUMISS'ION, act of manumitting or setting free from slavery. [L. _manumitt[)e]re_--_manus_, the hand, _mitt[)e]re_, _missum_, to send.]

MANUMOTOR, man-[=u]-m[=o]'tor, _n._ a small wheel-carriage moved by the hand of the person in it.--_adj._ MANUM[=O]'TIVE. [L. _manus_, hand, _motor_, a mover.]

MANURE, man-[=u]r', _v.t._ to enrich land with any fertilising substance.--_n._ any substance applied to land to make it more fruitful.--_ns._ MANUR'ANCE (_Spens._), cultivation; MANUR'ER.--_adj._ MAN[=U]'RIAL.--_n._ MANUR'ING, a dressing or spreading of manure on land. [Contr. of Fr. _manoeuvrer_. See MANOEUVRE.]

MANUS, m[=a]'nus, _n._ the hand, the corresponding part of an animal's fore-limb.

MANUSCRIPT, man'[=u]-skript, _adj._ written by the hand: not printed.--_n._ a book or paper written by the hand.--_adj._ MANUSCRIPT'AL. [L. _manus_, the hand, _scrib[)e]re_, _scriptum_, to write.]

MANX, mangks, _n._ the language of the Isle of _Man_, belonging to the Gadhelic branch of Celtic.--_adj._ pertaining to the Isle of Man or to its inhabitants.

MANY, men'i, _adj._ consisting of a great number of individuals: not few: numerous:--_comp._ MORE (m[=o]r); _superl._ MOST (m[=o]st).--_n._ many persons: a great number: (with def. art.) the people.--_adj._ MAN'Y-SID'ED, having many qualities or aspects: not narrow-minded.--_n._ MAN'Y-SID'EDNESS.--THE MANY, the crowd. [A.S. _manig_.]

MANYPLIES, men'i-pl[=i]z, _n.sing._ and _pl._ the third stomach of a ruminant--the _omasum_ or _psalterium_.--Also MAN'IPLIES and MON'YPLIES.

MANZANILLA, man-za-nil'a, _n._ a very dry and light kind of sherry, esp. that produced in the district of San Lucar de Barrameda in Spain. [Prob. from the town near Seville.]

MAORI, mow'ri, or mä'[=o]-ri, _n._ a native of New Zealand:--_pl._ MAO'RIS. [A New Zealand word signifying native or indigenous.]

MAORMOR, mär'm[=o]r, _n._ a royal steward in ancient Scotland. [Gael., _maor_, _maer_, steward, _mor_, great.]

MAP, map, _n._ a representation of the surface of the earth, or of part of it on a plane surface: a similar drawing of the stars in the sky.--_v.t._ to draw in the form of a map, as the figure of any portion of land: to describe clearly:--_pr.p._ map'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ mapped.--_ns._ MAP'-MEAS'URER, an instrument for measuring distances other than in straight lines on a map; MAP'-MOUNT'ER, one who mounts maps, or backs them with canvas and fixes them on rollers, &c.; MAP'PERY (_Shak_.), the art of planning and designing maps; MAP'PIST.--MAP OUT, to mark down the chief points clearly. [L. _mappa_, a napkin, a painted cloth, orig. Punic.]

MAPLE, m[=a]'pl, _n._ a tree of several species, from one of which, the rock-maple, sugar is made.--_adj._ of or pertaining to maple. [A.S. _mapul_, maple.]

MAQUI, m[=a]'kwi, _n._ an evergreen shrub, native of Chili, producing a berry yielding wine.

MAR, mär, _v.t._ to injure by wounding or by cutting off a part: to damage: to interrupt: to disfigure:--_pr.p._ mar'ring; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ marred. [A.S. _merran_, _mirran_; cf. Dut. _marren_, to retard.]

MARABOU, mar'a-b[=oo], _n._ a species of Indian stork, the feathers of which are much used as ornaments by ladies: a very white raw silk.

MARABOUT, mar'a-b[=oo]t, _n._ one of a priestly race of Mohammedans in Northern Africa. [Ar.]

MARAH, m[=a]'ra, _n._ bitterness: something bitter. [Heb.]

MARANATHA, mar-a-n[=a]'tha, or mar-a-nath'a, _n._ See Anathema.

MARASCHINO, mar-as-k[=e]'no, _n._ a liqueur distilled from a species of cherry grown in Dalmatia. [It.,--_marasca_, _amarasca_, a sour cherry--L. _am[=a]rus_, bitter.]

MARASMUS, ma-raz'mus, _n._ a wasting of flesh without apparent disease, a kind of consumption. [Gr. _marasmos_--_marainein_, to decay.]

MARATHI, ma-ra'thi, _n._ the language of the _Mahrattas_.--Also _Mahrat'ti_.

MARAUD, ma-rawd', _v.i._ to rove in quest of plunder.--_n._ MARAUD'ER, one who roves in quest of booty or plunder. [Fr. _maraud_, rogue; prob. O. Fr. _mar-ir_, to wander--Old High Ger. _marrjan_, to hinder.]

MARAVEDI, mar-a-v[=a]'d[=i], _n._ the smallest copper coin of Spain, less than a farthing. [Sp.,--Ar. _Mur[=a]bit[=i]n_, the dynasty of the Almoravides (1086-1147 A.D.).]

MARBLE, mär'bl, _n._ any species of limestone taking a high polish: that which is made of marble, as a work of art: a little ball used by boys in play.--_adj._ made of marble: veined like marble: hard: insensible.--_v.t._ to stain or vein like marble.--_adjs._ MAR'BLE-BREAST'ED, hard-hearted, cruel; MAR'BLE-CON'STANT, constant or firm as marble, immovable.--_n._ MAR'BLE-CUT'TER, one who hews marble: a machine for cutting marble.--_adjs._ MAR'BLE-EDGED, having the edges marbled, as a book; MAR'BLE-HEART'ED, hard-hearted, insensible.--_ns._ MAR'BLE-P[=A]'PER, paper coloured in imitation of variegated marble; MAR'BLER; MAR'BLING, the act of veining or painting in imitation of marble.--_adv._ MAR'BLY, resembling marble, in the manner of marble.--ELGIN MARBLES, a collection of marbles obtained chiefly from the Parthenon by Lord _Elgin_ in 1811, now in the British Museum. [O. Fr. _marbre_--L. _marmor_; cf. Gr. _marmaros_, _marmairein_, to sparkle.]

MARCANDO, mar-kän'do, _adj._ and _adv._ (_mus._) with distinctness or precision.--Also MARCA'TO. [It., _marcare_, to mark.]

MARCASITE, mär'ka-s[=i]t, _n._ an iron ore, a variety of pyrites (q.v.). [Fr.; prob. of Ar. origin.]

MARCESCENT, mar-ses'ent, _adj._ withering, decaying.--_adj._ MARCESC'IBLE, that may wither. [L. _marcescens_, _-entis_, pr.p. of _marcesc[)e]re_--_marc[=e]re_, to fade.]

MARCH, märch, _n._ the third month of the year, named from Mars, the god of war. [L. _Martius_ (_mensis_), (the month) of Mars.]

MARCH, märch, _n._ a border: boundary of a territory:--used chiefly in _pl._ MARCH'ES.--_v.i._ to border: to be adjacent.--_ns._ MARCH'MAN, a borderer; MARCH'-TREA'SON, the betrayal of a border or march to an enemy.--RIDING THE MARCHES, a ceremony in which the magistrates and chief men of a city ride on horseback round the bounds of the property of the city, so as to mark plainly what are its limits. [A.S. _mearc_; doublet of _mark_.]

MARCH, märch, _v.i._ to move in order, as soldiers: to walk in a grave or stately manner.--_v.t._ to cause to march.--_n._ the movement of troops: regular advance: a piece of music fitted for marching to: the distance passed over.--MARCH PAST, the march of a body of soldiers in front of one remaining stationary to review them; FORCED MARCH, a march in which the men are vigorously pressed forward for combative or strategic purposes; ROGUE'S MARCH, music played in derision of a person when he is expelled as a soldier, &c. [Fr. _marcher_. Ety. dub.; acc. to Scheler, prob. from L. _marcus_, a hammer (cf. 'to _beat_ time'); others suggest root of _march_, a frontier.]

MÄRCHEN, MÄHRCHEN, märh'hen, _n.sing._ and _pl._ a story or fable, a folk-tale. [Ger.]

MARCHIONESS, mär'shun-es, MARCHESA, mar-ch[=e]'za, _n._ feminine of MARQUIS.

MARCHPANE, märch'p[=a]n, _n._ (_Shak._) a kind of sweet bread or biscuit composed of sugar, almonds, and a small quantity of flour. [Fr. _massepain_, the latter part of the word being from L. _panis_, bread.]

MARCID, mär'sid, _adj._ withered, wasted.

MARCIONITE, mar'shun-[=i]t, _n._ and _adj._ a follower of _Marcion_ of Sinope (died 165 A.D.), who, partly under Gnostic influences, constructed an ethico-dualistic philosophy of religion, with rigorously ascetic practices. He claimed alone to have understood Paul aright, and accepted as authoritative his own version of Luke and ten of Paul's epistles.--_ns._ MAR'CIONIST; MAR'CIONITISM.

MARCOBRUNNER, mär'ko-br[=oo]n-[.e]r, _n._ a remarkably fine white wine, produced in Erbach, near Wiesbaden--from the _Markbrunnen_ fountain hard by.

MARE, m[=a]r, _n._ the female of the horse.--_ns._ MARE'S'-NEST, a supposed discovery which turns out to be a hoax; MARE'S-TAIL, a tall, erect marsh plant of the genus _Hippuris_: (_pl._) long straight fibres of gray cirrus cloud; SHANK'S'-MARE, a person's own legs, as a means of travelling.--THE GRAY MARE IS THE BETTER HORSE, the wife rules her husband. [A.S. _mere_, fem. of _mearh_, a horse; cog. with Ger. _mähre_, Ice. _marr_, W. _march_, a horse.]

MARESCHAL, mär'shal. Same as MARSHAL.

MARGARINE, mär'gar-in, _n._ the solid ingredient of human fat, olive-oil, &c.--so called from its pearly lustre: oleo-margarine or imitation butter (see under OLEIN).--_adj._ MARGAR'IC.--_n._ MAR'GARITE, one of the brittle micas. [L. _margarita_--Gr. _margarit[=e]s_, a pearl.]

MARGAY, mär'g[=a], _n._ a spotted S. American tiger-cat.

MARGIN, mär'jin, _n._ an edge, border: the blank edge on the page of a book: something allowed more than is needed, in case of unforeseen things happening: a sum of money, or its value in securities, deposited with a broker to protect him against loss on transactions made on account: a deposit made by each of two brokers, parties to a contract, when one is 'called up' by the other.--_v.t._ to furnish with margins, enter on the margin.--_ns._ MARGE, MARG'ENT (_poet._), edge, brink.--_adjs._ MARGED; MAR'GINAL, pertaining to a margin: placed in the margin.--_n._ MARGIN[=A]'LIA, notes written on the margin.--_v.t._ MAR'GINALISE, to furnish with notes.--_adv._ MAR'GINALLY.--_adjs._ MAR'GINATE, -D, having a margin; MAR'GINED.--MARGINAL CREDIT, a method by which a merchant at home can render bills drawn upon him abroad saleable there, by associating a well-known banker's name on their margin with his own; MARGINAL NOTES, notes written or printed on the margin of a book or writing. [L. _margo_, _marginis_; cf. _mark_.]

MARGRAVE, mär'gr[=a]v, _n._ a German nobleman of rank equivalent to an English marquis:--_fem._ MARGRAVINE (mär'gra-v[=e]n).--_ns._ MAR'GRAVATE, MARGR[=A]'VIATE, the jurisdiction or dignity of a margrave. [Dut. _markgraaf_ (Ger. _markgraf_)--_mark_, a border, _graaf_, a count; cf. Ger. _graf_, A.S. _geréfa_, Eng. _reeve_ and _she-riff_.]

MARGUERITE, mär'ge-r[=e]t, _n._ the common garden daisy: the ox-eye daisy: the China aster.

MARIAN, m[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ relating to the Virgin _Mary_: to the great Roman general Caius _Marius_: to Queen _Mary_ of England.

MARIGOLD, mar'i-g[=o]ld, _n._ a name applied to several composite plants bearing yellow flowers. [From the Virgin _Mary_ and _gold_.]

MARINE, ma-r[=e]n', _adj._ of or belonging to the sea: done at sea: representing the sea: near the sea.--_n._ a soldier serving on shipboard: the whole navy of a country or state: naval affairs: a sea-piece in painting.--_ns._ MAR'IGRAPH, a self-registering tide-gauge; MARINADE', a liquor or pickle in which fish or meat is steeped before cooking, to improve the flavour.--_v.t._ MAR'INATE, to salt or pickle.--_n._ MAR'INER, a seaman or sailor: one who assists in navigating ships.--MARINE ACID, hydrochloric acid; MARINE BOILER, a boiler fitted for use in steamships; MARINE ENGINE, an engine fitted for use in a steamship; MARINE INSURANCE, insurance of ships or their cargoes when at sea; MARINE SOAP, a kind of coconut-oil soap, adapted for washing with sea-water; MARINE STORE, a place where old ships' materials are bought and sold.--TELL THAT TO THE MARINES, a phrase expressive of disbelief and ridicule, from the sailor's contempt for the marine's ignorance of seamanship. [Fr.,--L. _marinus_--_mare_, sea.]

MARIOLATRY, m[=a]-ri-ol'a-tri, _n._ the undue worship of the Virgin _Mary_--the veneration paid to her is strictly _Hyperdulia_.--_n._ MARIOL'ATER, one who practises mariolatry. [L. _Maria_, Mary, Gr. _latreia_, worship.]

MARIONETTE, mar-i-o-net', _n._ a puppet moved by strings, a puppet-show. [Fr.]

MARIOTTE'S LAW. See LAW.

MARIPUT, mar'i-put, _n._ the African zoril.

MARISCHAL, a Scotch form of _marshal_.

MARISH, mar'ish, _n._ and _adj._ Same as MARSH.

MARIST, m[=a]'rist, _n._ a member of a modern R.C. congregation for teaching.--_adj._ devoted to the service of the Virgin.

MARITAL, mar'i-tal, _adj._ pertaining to a husband: of the nature of a marriage.--_n._ MARIT[=A]'GIUM, in the feudal system, the right of the lord of the fee to dispose of the heiress, later also of the male heir, in marriage. [Fr.,--L. _maritalis_--_maritus_, a husband--_mas_, _maris_, a male.]

MARITIME, mar'i-tim, _adj._ pertaining to the sea: relating to navigation or to naval affairs: situated near the sea: living on the shore, littoral--opp. to _Marine_: having a navy and a naval commerce. [L. _maritimus_--_mare_, sea.]

MARJORAM, mär'jo-ram, _n._ an aromatic plant used as a seasoning in cookery. [Fr. _marjolaine_--Low L. _majoraca_--L. _amaracus_--Gr. _amarakos_.]

MARK, märk, _n._ a visible sign: any object serving as a guide: that by which anything is known: a badge: a trace, impression, proof: any visible effect: symptom: a thing aimed at or striven for: an attainable point: a character made by one who cannot write: any impressed sign or stamp: a physical peculiarity: distinction: a boundary, limit: in medieval times, a tract of common land belonging to a community.--_v.t._ to make a mark on anything: to impress with a sign: to take notice of: to regard.--_v.i._ to take particular notice.--_adj._ MARKED, distinguished: prominent: notorious.--_adv._ MARK'EDLY, noticeably.--_ns._ MARK'ER, one who marks the score at games, as at billiards: a counter used at card-playing, &c.: the soldier who forms the pivot round which a body of soldiers wheels; MARK'ING, act of making a mark: a mark made upon anything; MARK'ING-INK, indelible ink, used for marking clothes; MARK'ING-NUT, the fruit of an East Indian tree of the cashew family, yielding a black juice used in marking cloths; MARK'MAN, one of the community owning a mark; MARKS'MAN, one good at hitting a mark: one who shoots well.--MARK DOWN, set down in writing, put a note of; MARK OUT, to lay out the plan or outlines of anything; MARK TIME, to move the feet alternately in the same manner as in marching, but without changing ground.--A MAN OF MARK, a well-known or famous man; BESIDE THE MARK, not properly referring to the matter in hand; GOD BLESS, or SAVE, THE MARK, or SAVE THE MARK, a phrase expressing ironical astonishment or scorn, from the usage of archery; MAKE ONE'S MARK, to leave a lasting impression: to gain great influence; TOE THE MARK, to stand to one's obligations, facing the consequences; TRADE MARK, a distinctive mark put on goods, &c., to show by whom they were made; UP TO THE MARK, good enough, measured by a certain standard. [A.S. _mearc_, a boundary; Ger. _mark_, Goth. _marka_.]

MARK, märk, _n._ an obsolete English coin=13s. 4d.: a coin of the present German Empire=about one shilling: a silver coin of Hamburg=about 1s. 4d. [A.S. _marc_, another form of the above word.]

MARKET, mär'ket, _n._ a public place for the purposes of buying and selling: the time for the market: sale: rate of sale: value.--_v.i._ to deal at a market: to buy and sell.--_ns._ MARKETABIL'ITY, MAR'KETABLENESS.--_adj._ MAR'KETABLE, fit for the market: saleable.--_ns._ MAR'KET-BELL (_Shak._), a bell to give notice of the time; MAR'KET-CROSS, a cross anciently set up where a market was held; MAR'KET-DAY, the fixed day on which a market is usually held; MAR'KETER; MAR'KET-GAR'DEN, a garden in which fruit and vegetables are grown for market; MAR'KET-GAR'DENER; MAR'KET-HOUSE, a building in which a market is held; MAR'KETING, the act or practice of buying and selling in market; MAR'KET-PLACE, the open space in a town where markets are held; MAR'KET-PRICE, the price at which anything is sold in the market: the current price; MAR'KET-TOWN, a town having the privilege of holding a public market. [Through the O. Fr. (Fr. _marché_, It. _mercato_), from L. _mercatus_, trade, a market--_merx_, merchandise.]

MARL, märl, _n._ a fat earth or clay often used as manure.--_v.t._ to cover with marl.--_adj._ MARL[=A]'CEOUS, having the qualities of marl: like marl.--_n._ MAR'LITE, a variety of marl.--_adjs._ MARLIT'IC; MAR'LY, like marl: abounding in marl.--_n._ MARL'STONE, argillaceous limestone. [O. Fr. _marle_ (Fr. _marne_)--Low L. _margila_, a dim. of L. _marga_, marl.]

MARLINE, mär'lin, _n._ a small rope for winding round a larger one to keep it from being worn by rubbing.--_v.t._ MAR'LINE, MARL, to bind or wind round with marline.--_n._ MAR'LINESPIKE, an iron tool, like a spike, for separating the strands of a rope in splicing. [Dut. _marlijn_, _marling_--_marren_, to bind, _lijn_, a rope--Fr. _ligne_; cf. _moor_ and _line_.]

MARMALADE, mär'ma-l[=a]d, _n._ a jam or preserve generally made of the pulp of oranges, originally of quinces. [Fr., from Port. _marmelada_--_marmelo_, a quince--L. _melim[=e]lum_--Gr. _melim[=e]lon_, a sweet apple--_meli_, honey, _m[=e]lon_, an apple.]

MARMORACEOUS, mar-mo-r[=a]'shus, _adj._ belonging to, or like, marble.--_adjs._ MAR'MORATE, -D, covered with marble: variegated like marble.--_n._ MARMOR[=A]'TION.--_adjs._ MARM[=O]'REAL, MARM[=O]'REAN, belonging to, or like, marble. [L. _marmor_, marble.]

MARMOSE, mar'm[=o]s, _n._ one of several small South American opossums.

MARMOSET, mär'mo-zet, _n._ a small variety of American monkey. [Fr. _marmouset_, a little grotesque figure beside a fountain--L. _marmor_, marble.]

MARMOT, mär'mot, _n._ a rodent animal, about the size of a rabbit, which inhabits the higher parts of the Alps and Pyrenees. [It. _marmotto_--Romansch _murmont_--L. _mus montanus_, mountain-mouse.]

MARONITE, mar'[=o]-n[=i]t, _n._ one of a sect of Christians who live on or around the mountains of Lebanon. [St _Maron_, about 400 A.D., or John _Maron_, a patriarch of the sect in the 7th century.]

MAROON, ma-r[=oo]n', _n._ a brownish crimson. [Fr. _marron_, a chestnut--It. _marrone_, a chestnut.]

MAROON, ma-r[=oo]n', _n._ a fugitive slave living on the mountains, in the West Indies.--_v.t._ to put on shore on a desolate island.--_ns._ MAROON'ER; MAROON'ING. [Fr. _marron_--Sp. _cimarron_, wild--_cima_, a mountain-summit--L. _cyma_--Gr. _kyma_.]

MAROQUIN, mar'o-kwin, _n._ leather prepared from goatskin: morocco leather. [Fr.]

MARPLOT, mär'plot, _n._ one who mars or defeats a plot or design by interference where he has no right.

MARPRELATE, mär-prel'[=a]t, _adj._ pertaining to the series of vigorous pamphlets against prelacy issued in England in 1588-9, in spite of severe repression.

MARQUE, märk, _n._ a license to pass the marches or limits of a country for the purpose of making reprisals: a ship commissioned for making captures.--LETTER-OF-MARQUE (see LETTER). [Fr.]

MARQUEE, mär-k[=e]', _n._ a large field-tent. [For _marquees_, the s being dropped as if a plural, from Fr. _marquise_, acc. to Littré, orig. a marchioness's tent.]

MARQUETRY, märk'et-ri, _n._ work inlaid with pieces of various-coloured wood. [Fr. _marqueterie_--_marqueter_, to inlay--_marque_, a mark.]

MARQUIS, mär'kwis, MARQUESS, mär'kwes, _n._ a title of nobility next below that of a duke, first given in England in 1386:--fem. _Mar'chioness_.--_ns._ MAR'QUIS[=A]TE, the dignity or lordship of a marquis; MARQUISE (mär-k[=e]z'), in France, a marchioness: a style of parasol about 1850. [O. Fr. _markis_ (Fr. _marquis_, It. _marchese_)--Low L. _marchensis_, a prefect of the marches.]

MARRIAGE, mar'ij, _n._ the ceremony by which a man and woman become husband and wife: the union of a man and woman as husband and wife.--_adj._ MARR'IAGEABLE, suitable, or at a proper age, for marriage.--_ns._ MARR'IAGEABLENESS; MARR'IAGE-CON'TRACT, an agreement to be married: an agreement respecting property by persons about to marry.--_n.pl._ MARR'IAGE-F[=A]'VOURS, knots or decorations worn at a marriage.--_n._ MARR'IAGE-SETT'LEMENT, an arrangement of property, &c., before marriage, by which something is secured to the wife or her children, in case of her husband's death. [O. Fr. _mariage_. See MARRY.]

MARROW, mar'[=o], _n._ the soft, fatty matter in the hollow parts of the bones: the pith of certain plants: the essence or best part of anything: the inner meaning or purpose.--_ns._ MARR'OW-BONE, a bone containing marrow: (_pl._) the knees or the bones of the knees; MARR'OWFAT, a rich kind of pea, called also Dutch Admiral pea.--_adjs._ MARR'OWISH, of the nature of, or resembling, marrow; MARR'OWLESS, having no marrow.--_n._ MARR'OW-SQUASH (_U.S._), vegetable marrow.--_adj._ MARR'OWY, full of marrow: strong: forcible: pithy. [A.S. _mearg_; Ger. _mark_.]

MARRY, mar'i, _v.t._ to take for husband or wife: to give in marriage: to unite in matrimony.--_v.i._ to enter into the married state: to take a husband or a wife:--_pr.p._ marr'ying; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ marr'ied. [Fr. _marier_--L. _marit[=a]re_, to marry, _maritus_, a husband--_mas_, _maris_, a male.]

MARRY, mar'i, _interj._ indeed! forsooth! [By _Mary_.]

MARS, märz, _n._ the Roman god of war: the planet next to the earth in the order of distance from the sun. [L. _Mars_, _Martis_.]

MARSALA, mar'sä-la, _n._ a light wine resembling sherry, from _Marsala_ in Sicily.

MARSEILLAISE, mär-se-ly[=a]z', or mär-se-l[=a]z', _n._ the French revolutionary hymn composed by Rouget de Lisle in 1792, sung by the volunteers of _Marseilles_ as they entered Paris, 30th July, and when they marched to the storming of the Tuileries.

MARSH, märsh, _n._ a tract of low wet land: a morass, swamp, or fen.--_adj._ pertaining to wet or boggy places.--_ns._ MARSH'-GAS, fire-damp; MARSH'-HARR'IER, a harrier of genus _Circus_ frequenting marshes; MARSH'INESS; MARSH'-MALL'OW, a species of mallow common in meadows and marshes; MARSH'-MAR'IGOLD, a genus of plants of the _Ranunculus_ order, having large yellow flowers like those of a buttercup.--_adj._ MARSH'Y, pertaining to, or produced in, marshes: abounding in marshes. [A.S. _mersc_, for _mer-isc_, as if 'mere-ish,' full of _meres_. Cf. _mere_, a pool.]

MARSHAL, mär'shal, _n._ an officer charged with the regulation of ceremonies, preservation of order, points of etiquette, &c.: the chief officer who regulated combats in the lists: a pursuivant or harbinger: a herald: in France, an officer of the highest military rank: (_U.S._) the civil officer of a district, corresponding to the sheriff of a county in England.--_v.t._ to arrange in order: to lead, as a herald:--_pr.p._ mar'shalling; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ mar'shalled.--_ns._ MAR'SHALLER, one who marshals; MAR'SHALLING, act of arranging in due order; MAR'SHALSEA, till 1842 a prison in Southwark, under the marshal of the royal household; MAR'SHALSHIP, office of marshal. [O. Fr. _mareschal_ (Fr. _maréchal_); from Old High Ger. _marah_, a horse, _schalh_ (Ger. _schalk_), a servant.]

MARSIPOBRANCHIATE, mar-si-po-brang'ki-[=a]t, _adj._ having pursed gills, as lampreys, hags, &c.--Also MAR'SIPOBRANCH.

MARSUPIAL, mär-s[=u]'pi-al, _adj._ carrying young in a pouch.--_n._ a marsupial animal, as the opossum or the kangaroo.--_n._ MARS[=U]'PIUM, a brood-pouch. [L. _marsupium_--Gr. _marsipion_, a pouch.]

MART, märt, _n._ a place of trade. [Contr. of _market_.]

MARTAGON, mär'ta-gon, _n._ the Turk's-cap lily.

MARTEL, mär'tel, _v.t._ (_Spens_.) to hammer, to strike. [Fr. _marteler_, It. _martello_. See MARTELLO.]

MARTELLO, mar-tel'o, _n._ a circular fort erected to protect a coast. [It. _martello_, a hammer--L. _martulus_, _marculus_, dim. of _marcus_, a hammer; or from _Mortella_ Point in Corsica, where a tower of this kind withstood an English cannonade in 1794.]

MARTEN, mär'ten, _n._ a destructive kind of weasel valued for its fur. [Fr. _martre_, also _marte_--Low L. _marturis_, from a Teut. root seen in Ger. _marder_, and A.S. _mearð_, a marten.]

MAR-TEXT, mär'-tekst, _n._ an ignorant preacher.

MARTIAL, mär'shal, _adj._ belonging to Mars, the god of war, or to the planet Mars: of or belonging to war, or to the army and navy: warlike: brave.--_ns._ MAR'TIALISM; MAR'TIALIST.--_adv._ MAR'TIALLY.--MARTIAL LAW, law enforced during a state of war for the proper government of armies, and for the punishment of those who break the laws of war. [Fr.,--L. _martialis_--_Mars_, _Martis_.]

MARTIN, mär'tin, _n._ a bird of the swallow kind.--Also MAR'TINET. [The name _Martin_; cf. _robin_, &c.]

MARTINET, mär'tin-et, _n._ a strict disciplinarian.--_n._ MARTINET'ISM. [From _Martinet_, a very strict officer in the army of Louis XIV. of France.]

MARTINGALE, mär'tin-g[=a]l, _n._ a strap passing between a horse's forelegs, fastened to the girth and to the bit, to keep his head down: in ships, a short spar under the bowsprit.--Also MAR'TINGAL. [Fr., from a kind of breeches worn at _Martigues_ in Provence.]

MARTINMAS, mär'tin-mas, _n._ the mass or feast of St _Martin_: 11th Nov., a term-day in Scotland.

MARTLET, märt'let, _n._ the martin, the name of a bird: (_her._) a martin or swallow without feet, used as a bearing, a crest, or a mark of cadency to designate the fourth son. [From Fr. _martinet_, dim. of _martin_.]

MARTYR, mär't[.e]r, _n._ one who by his death bears witness to the truth: one who suffers for his belief: one who suffers greatly from any cause.--_v.t._ to put to death for one's belief.--_n._ MAR'TYRDOM, state of being a martyr: the sufferings or death of a martyr: torment generally.--_v.t._ MAR'TYRISE (_Browning_), to offer as a sacrifice: to cause to suffer martyrdom.--_adj._ MARTYROLOG'ICAL.--_ns._ MARTYROL'OGIST; MARTYROL'OGY, a history of martyrs: a discourse on martyrdom. [A.S.,--L.,--Gr., a witness.]

MARVEL, mär'vel, _n._ a wonder: anything astonishing or wonderful: astonishment.--_v.i._ to wonder: to feel astonishment:--_pr.p._ mar'velling; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ mar'velled.--_adj._ MAR'VELLOUS, astonishing: almost or altogether beyond belief: improbable.--_adv._ MAR'VELLOUSLY.--_n._ MAR'VELLOUSNESS. [Fr. _merveille_--L. _mirabilis_, wonderful--_mir[=a]ri_, to wonder.]

MARYBUD, m[=a]'ri-bud, _n._ the marigold.

MASCLE, mas'kl, _n._ (_her._) a bearing, lozenge-shaped and perforated: a plate of steel in the form of a lozenge, used in making scale-armour.--_adjs._ MAS'CLED, MASCULE', MAS'CULY. [Fr. _macle_--L. _macula_, the mesh of a net.]

MASCOT, mas'kot, _n._ a luck-penny or talisman: a person whose presence brings good luck. [Fr. _mascotte_.]

MASCULINE, mas'k[=u]-lin, _adj._ of the male sex: having the qualities of a man: resembling a man, or suitable to a man: robust: of a woman, bold, forward, unwomanly: denoting nouns which are names of males.--_n._ (_gram._) the masculine gender.--_adv._ MAS'CULINELY.--_ns._ MAS'CULINENESS, MASCULIN'ITY. [Fr.,--L. _masculinus_--_masculus_, male--_mas_, a male.]

MASH, mash, _v.t._ to beat into a mixed mass: to bruise: in brewing, to mix malt and hot water together.--_v.i._ to act violently.--_n._ a mixture of ingredients beaten or stirred together, as of bran, meal, &c., or bran and boiled turnips, &c., for feeding cattle or horses: in brewing, a mixture of crushed malt and hot water.--_ns._ MASH'ING; MASH'-TUB, MASH'ING-TUB, a tub in which the mash in breweries is mixed.--_adj._ MASH'Y, produced by mashing; of the nature of a mash. [The noun is older than the verb, and seems to be connected with _mix_ (A.S. _miscian_); cf. _Mish-mash_.]

MASHER, mash'[.e]r, _n._ a fellow who dresses showily to attract the attention of silly young women, a fop.--_v.t._ MASH, to gain the affections of one of the opposite sex, to treat as a sweetheart.--BE MASHED ON (_slang_), to be struck with love for another.

MASHIE, MASHY, mash'i, _n._ a kind of golf-club.

MASJID, mas'jid, _n._ a Mohammedan mosque.

MASK, MASQUE, mask, _n._ anything disguising or concealing the face: anything that disguises: a pretence: a masquerade: a former kind of dramatic spectacle, in which actors personified mythological deities, shepherdesses, &c.: a representation or impression of a face in any material, as in marble, plaster, &c.: a fox's head.--_v.t._ to cover the face with a mask: to hide.--_v.i._ to join in a mask or masquerade: to be disguised in any way: to revel.--_n._ MAS'CARON (_archit._), a grotesque face on door-knockers, spouts, &c.--_adj._ MASKED, wearing a mask, concealed.--_ns._ MASKED'-BALL, a ball in which the dancers wear masks; MASK'ER, one who wears a mask.--MASKED BATTERY (see BATTERY). [Fr. _masque_--Sp. _mascara_--Ar. _maskharat_, a jester, man in masquerade.]

MASK, mask, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to steep, infuse.--_v.i._ to be infusing. [A form of _mash_.]

MASLIN, mas'lin, _n._ mixed grain, esp. rye and wheat.--Also MASH'LIN, MASH'LIM, MASH'LUM.

MASON, m[=a]'sn, _n._ one who cuts, prepares, and lays stones: a builder in stone: a member of the society of freemasons.--_v.t._ to build.--_adjs._ MASON'IC, relating to freemasonry; M[=A]'SONRIED, constructed of masonry.--_n._ M[=A]'SONRY, the skill or practice of a mason: the work of a mason: the art of building in stone: freemasonry.--_adj._ consisting of mason-work.--_n._ MAS'TER-M[=A]'SON (see under MASTER). [O. Fr. _masson_ (Fr. _maçon_)--Low L. _macion-em_; prob. Teut.; cf. Mid. High Ger. _mezzo_, a mason, whence _steinmetz_, a stone-mason, cog. with Old High Ger. _meizan_, to hew, whence Ger. _meissel_, a chisel.]

MASOOLAH-BOAT, ma-s[=oo]'la-b[=o]t, _n._ a high many-oared East Indian surf-boat.--Also MASU'LA-BOAT.

MASQUE. See MASK.

MASQUERADE, mask-[.e]r-[=a]d', _n._ an assembly of persons wearing masks, generally at a ball: disguise.--_v.i._ to wear a mask: to join in a masquerade: to go in disguise.--_n._ MASQUERAD'ER, a person wearing a mask: a person or thing disguised in any manner. [Fr. _mascarade_. See MASK.]

MASS, mas, _n._ a lump of matter: a quantity: a collected body: the main body: magnitude: the principal part or main body: quantity of matter in any body, weight being proportional to mass: (_pl._) the lower classes of the people.--_v.t._ to form into a mass: to bring together in masses.--_v.i._ to assemble in masses.--_adj._ MASS'IVE, bulky: weighty: not separated into parts or elements: without crystalline form, geologically homogeneous.--_adv._ MASS'IVELY.--_ns._ MASS'IVENESS, MASS'INESS; MASS'-MEETING, a public meeting of persons of all classes to discuss some matter of general interest.--_adj._ MASS'Y, massive, made up of masses. [Fr. _masse_--L. _massa_--Gr. _maza_--_massein_, to squeeze together.]