Chapter I: O U, =i'=o'=u', n. a memorandum of debt given by a borrower to a (2)

JEW, j[=oo], _n._ an inhabitant of Judea: a Hebrew or Israelite: opprobriously used for a usurer, miser, &c.:--_fem._ JEW'ESS.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ (_coll._) to overreach: cheat.--_n._ JEW'-BAIT'ING, the persecuting of Jews.--_adj._ JEW'ISH, belonging to the Jews.--_adv._ JEW'ISHLY.--_ns._ JEW'ISHNESS; JEW'S'-EAR, a fungus that grows on the elder, and bears some resemblance to the human ear; JEW'S' FRANK'INCENSE, the balsam known as benzoin or gum storax, often used as an incense; JEW'S'-HARP, a small harp-shaped musical instrument played between the teeth by striking a spring with the finger; JEW'S'-MALL'OW, a plant much cultivated as a pot-herb by the Jews in Syria; JEW'S'-MYR'TLE, the prickly-leaved plant Ruscus aculeatus; JEW'S'-PITCH, asphaltum; JEW'S'-STONE, the fossil spine of a large echinus or sea hedgehog.--JEW'S EYE, in proverb 'Worth a Jew's eye,' something of high value--from the custom of torturing Jews for money; JEWS' HOUSES, in Cornwall, the name given to prehistoric miners' dwellings.--WANDERING JEW (see WANDER). [O. Fr. _Juis_--L. _Judæus_--Gr. _Ioudaios_--Heb. _Yeh[=u]d[=a]h_, Judah.]

JEWEL, j[=oo]'el, _n._ a precious stone: an ornament of precious stones, worn as a decoration: anything or any one highly valued.--_v.t._ to dress or adorn with jewels: to fit with a jewel:--_pr.p._ jew'elling; _pa.p._ jew'elled, in a watch, having pivot-holes of garnets or any other jewels.--_ns._ JEW'EL-CASE, a casket for holding jewels; JEW'ELLER, one who makes or deals in jewels; JEW'ELLERY, JEW'ELRY, jewels in general. [O. Fr. _jouel_ (Fr. _joyau_); either a dim. of Fr. _joie_, joy, from L. _gaudium_, joy--_gaud[=e]re_, to rejoice--or derived through Low L. _jocale_, from L. _joc[=a]ri_, to jest.]

JEWRY, j[=oo]'ri, _n._ Judea: a district inhabited by _Jews_.

JEZEBEL, jez'e-bel, _n._ a bold and vicious woman, a virago. [From Ahab's wicked wife.]

JIB, jib, _n._ a triangular sail borne in front of the foremast in a ship, so called from its shifting of itself.--_v.t._ to shift a boom sail from one tack to the other.--_v.i._ to move restively.--_ns._ JIB'-BOOM, a boom or extension of the bowsprit, on which the jib is spread; JIB'-DOOR, a door flush with the outside wall, intended to be concealed.--THE CUT OF ONE'S JIB, appearance. [Dan. _gibbe_, to jib; cf. Dut. _gijpen_, to turn suddenly.]

JIBBINGS, jib'ingz, _n.pl._ the last milk drawn from a cow.

JIBE. Same as GIBE.

JIFFY, jif'fi, _n._ (_coll._) an instant.

JIG, jig, _n._ a quick, lively tune: a quick dance suited to the tune.--_v.i._ to dance a jig:--_pr.p._ jig'ging; _pa.p._ jigged.--_adj._ JIG'GISH. [O. Fr. _gige_, _gigue_, a stringed instrument--Teut.; Ger. _geige_; cf. _gig_.]

JIGAMAREE, jig-a-ma-r[=e]', _n._ anything the name of which one forgets, a thingumbob.--Also JIG'GUMBOB.

JIGGER, jig'g[.e]r, _n._ a corruption of _chigoe_.

JIGGER, jig'g[.e]r, _n._ anything that jigs: one of many kinds of subsidiary appliances, as an apparatus for separating ores by jolting in sieves in water, a simple potter's wheel or a template or profile used with it, a warehouse crane, the bridge or rest for the cue in billiards: an old-fashioned sloop-rigged boat: a one-horse street car: a machine for exhibiting on a dial at once the prices at which sales are made, controlled by electric mechanism with a key-board: (_slang_) a drink of whisky.--_v.t._ to jerk or shake.

JIGGERED, jig'[.e]rd, _p.adj._ a meaningless and needless substitute for a profane oath.

JIGGING, jig'ing, _n._ in mining, the process of separating ore by means of a wire-bottomed sieve moved up and down in water.

JIGJOG, jig'jog, _n._ a jolting motion, a jog.--Also JICK'AJOG, JIG'AJOG. [Reduplicated form of jog.]

JIGOT, jig'ot, _n._ a leg of mutton. See GIGOT.

JILL, jil, _n._ Same as GILL.

JILL, jil, _n._ a young woman, often associated with Jack. [Short for _Gillian_--i.e. _Juliana_.]

JILT, jilt, _n._ a woman who encourages a lover and then rejects him.--_v.t._ to encourage and then discard a lover. [Formerly _jillet_, dim. of _Jill_.]

JIMCRACK. See GIMCRACK.

JIM CROW, jim kr[=o], _n._ one of the earliest negro-minstrel songs: a kind of generic name for the negro.

JIM-CROW, jim'-kr[=o], _n._ a tool for bending or straightening iron rails or bars.

JIMMY, jim'i, _n._ (_U.S._) a coal-car.

JIMP, jimp, _adj._ (_Scot._) slender, elegant.--_adv._ JIMP, JIMP'LY, neatly, hardly.--_adj._ JIMP'Y, neat.

JIMSON-WEED. See STRAMONIUM.

JINGAL, jing'gal, _n._ a large Chinese swivel-musket.

JINGLE, jing'l, _n._ a clinking sound: that which makes a rattling sound: a correspondence of sounds: a covered two-wheeled car.--_v.i._ to sound with a jingle.--_ns._ JING'LE-JANG'LE, a jingling sound; JING'LET, a ball serving as the clapper of a sleigh-bell; J[=I]NG'LING, a game in which blindfolded players within a ring try to catch a player with a bell tied to him. [Imit.]

JINGO, jing'g[=o], _n._ a name used in the expletives, 'By Jingo!' 'By the living Jingo!' From its occurrence in a music-hall song of 1878 that conveyed a threat against Russia, Jingo has come to mean a British Chauvinist.--_adjs._ JING'O, JING'OISH.--_n._ JING'OISM. [Often fearlessly derived from Basque _Jinkoa_, _Jainko_, God; no doubt conn. somehow with St _Gengulphus_ (died May 11, 760).]

JINK, jingk, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to move nimbly, to dodge.--_v.t._ to elude: to cheat.--_n._ a quick, illusory turn.

JINN, jin, _n.pl._ (sing. JIN'NEE) a class of spirits in Mohammedan mythology, formed of fire, living chiefly on the mountains of Káf which encircle the world, assuming various shapes, sometimes as men of enormous size and portentous hideousness.--Also DJINN, GINN. The _jinn_ are often called _genii_ by a confusion. A plural JINNS is sometimes erroneously used. [Ar. _jinn_, pl. _jinn[=i]y_.]

JINRIKISHA, jin-rik'i-shä, _n._ a small, two-wheeled hooded carriage drawn by men. [Jap. _jin_, man, _riki_, power, _sha_, carriage.]

JOB, job, _n._ a sudden stroke or stab with a pointed instrument like a beak.--_v.t._ to strike or stab suddenly:--_pr.p._ job'bing; _pa.p._ jobbed. [Gael. _gob_, W. _gwp_, a bird's beak; conn. with _gobble_, _job_.]

JOB, job, _n._ any piece of work, esp. of a trifling or temporary nature: miscellaneous printing-work: any undertaking with a view to profit: a mean transaction, in which private gain is sought under pretence of public service.--_adj._ of a particular job or transaction, assigned to a special use: bought or sold lumped together.--_v.i._ to work at jobs: to buy and sell as a broker: to hire or let out by the week or month, esp. horses.--_ns._ JOB'BER, one who jobs: one who buys and sells, as a broker or middleman: one who turns official actions to private advantage: one who engages in a mean lucrative affair; JOB'BERY, jobbing: unfair means employed to procure some private end; JOB'-MAS'TER, a livery-stable keeper who jobs out horses and carriages.--A BAD JOB, an unfortunate affair; ODD JOBS, occasional pieces of work. [Formerly _gob_--O. Fr. _gob_, a mouthful; from the same Celtic root as _gobble_.]

JOB, j[=o]b, _n._ a monument of patience--from _Job_ in Scripture.--_n._ JOB[=A]'TION, a tedious scolding.--JOB'S COMFORTER, one who aggravates the distress of an unfortunate man he has come to comfort; JOB'S NEWS, bad news; JOB'S POST, the bearer of bad news.

JOCKEY, jok'i, _n._ a man (orig. a boy) who rides horses in a race: a horse-dealer: one who takes undue advantage in business.--_v.t._ to jostle by riding against: to cheat.--_ns._ JOCK'EYISM, JOCK'EYSHIP, the art or practice of a jockey.--JOCKEY CLUB, an association for the promotion and ordering of horse-racing. [Dim. of _Jock_, northern Eng. for _Jack_.]

JOCKTELEG, jok'te-leg, _n._ (_Scot._) a large clasp-knife. [Cf. _jack-knife_.]

JOCOSE, jo-k[=o]s', _adj._ full of jokes: humorous: merry.--_adv._ JOCOSE'LY.--_ns._ JOCOSE'NESS, JOCOS'ITY, the quality of being jocose.--_adj._ JOCO-S[=E]'RIOUS, half in jest, half in earnest. [L. _jocosus_--_jocus_, a joke.]

JOCULAR, jok'[=u]-lar, _adj._ given to jokes: humorous: droll: laughable.--_n._ JOCULAR'ITY.--_adv._ JOC'ULARLY.--_n._ JOCUL[=A]'TOR, a professional jester or minstrel.--_adj._ JOC'UL[=A]TORY. [L. _jocularis_--_jocus_.]

JOCUND, jok'und, _adj._ in a jocose humour: merry: cheerful: pleasant.--_ns._ JOCUND'ITY, JOCUND'NESS.--_adv._ JOC'UNDLY. [Fr.,--L. _jocundus_--_jocus_.]

JODEL, j[=o]'del, _v.i._ to sing with the falsetto voice in harmonic progressions.--Also _n._ [Swiss.]

JOE, j[=o], JOEY, j[=o]'i, _n._ (_slang_) a fourpenny-bit--from _Joseph_ Hume, M.P., their author, 1836.--JOE MILLER, an old or stale jest, a jest-book; JOE MILLERISM, the habit of retailing stale jests--from _Joe Miller_ (1684-1738), a comedian but notoriously dull fellow, whose name was attached to a collection in 1739.

JOE, or JO, j[=o], _n._ (_Scot._) a sweetheart.

JOG, jog, _v.t._ to shake: to push with the elbow or hand, to stimulate, stir up, as the memory.--_v.i._ to move by jogs: to travel slowly:--_pr.p._ jog'ging; _pa.p._ jogged.--_n._ a slight shake: a push.--_ns._ JOG'GER (_Dryden_), one who moves slowly and heavily; JOG'TROT, a slow jogging trot.--BE JOGGING, to move on, to depart. [A weakened form of _shock_.]

JOGGLE, jog'l, _n._ a notch in joints adapted in fitting stones or pieces of timber together to keep them from sliding. [Dim. of _jog_, to push.]

JOGGLE, jog'l, _v.t._ to jog or shake slightly: to jostle.--_v.i._ to shake:--_pr.p._ jogg'ling; _pa.p._ jogg'led. [Dim. of _jog_.]

JOHANNES, j[=o]-han'[=e]z, _n._ an old Portuguese gold coin.--Also JOANN'ES.

JOHANNINE, j[=o]-an'n[=i]n, _adj._ pertaining to St John.--Also JOHAN'N[=E]AN. [L. _Joannes_.]

JOHANNISBERGER, j[=o]-hän'nis-b[.e]r-g[.e]r, _n._ a white Rhenish wine grown at _Johannisberg_ ('St John's Mountain'), near Wiesbaden.

JOHN, jon, _n._ a proper name, one of whose diminutives, JOHN'NY, is sometimes used in slang for a simpleton or a fellow generally.--_ns._ JOHN'-A-DREAMS' (_Shak._), a dreamy fellow; JOHN'IAN, a member of St John's College, Cambridge; JOHN'NY-CAKE, a cake of Indian meal toasted; JOHN'NY-RAW, a beginner.--JOHN BULL, a generic name for an Englishman from Arbuthnott's _History of John Bull_, 1712; JOHN BULLISM, the typical English character, or any act or word expressive of it; JOHN CHINAMAN, a Chinaman, the Chinese collectively; JOHN COMPANY, an old colloquial name for the Honourable East India Company; JOHN DORY (see DORY); JOHN THOMAS, a generic name for a flunkey.

JOHNSONIANISM, jon-s[=o]'ni-an-izm, _n._ a peculiarity of Dr _Johnson_, the lexicographer (1709-83)--also JOHN'SONISM.--_n._ JOHN'SONESE, the Johnsonian style, or an imitation of it--ponderous English, full of words of classical origin.

JOIN, join, _v.t._ to connect: to unite: to associate: to add or annex.--_v.i._ to be connected with: to grow together: to be in close contact: to unite (_with_).--_ns._ JOIND'ER, joining; JOIN'ER, one who joins or unites: a carpenter; JOIN'ERY, the art of the joiner; JOIN'-HAND, running hand; JOIN'ING, the act of joining: a seam: a joint; JOINT, a joining: the place where, or mode in which, two or more things join, as two rails, two pieces of timber connected by mortises and tenons, &c.: the flexible hinge of cloth or leather connecting the back of a book with its sides: (_geol._) a crack intersecting a mass of rock: a knot: a hinge: a seam: a place of resort for tramps: (_U.S._) an opium-den: the place where two bones are joined: (_cook._) the part of the limb of an animal cut off at the joint.--_adj._ joined, united, or combined: shared among more than one.--_v.t._ to unite by joints: to fit closely: to provide with joints: to cut into joints, as an animal.--_v.i._ to fit like joints.--_adj._ JOINT'ED, having joints.--_ns._ JOINT'ER, the largest kind of plane used by a joiner: a bent piece of iron for riveting two stones together; JOINT'ING-RULE, a long, straight-edged rule used by bricklayers for keeping their work even.--_adv._ JOINT'LY, in a joint manner: unitedly or in combination: together.--_ns._ JOINT'-OIL, the synovia, a viscid secretion for lubricating the articular surfaces; JOINT'-STOCK, stock held jointly or in company; JOINT'-STOOL (_Shak._), a stool made of parts inserted in each other; JOINT'-TEN'ANCY, the ownership of land or goods along with one or more persons; JOINT'-TEN'ANT, one who is owner of land or goods along with others; JOINT'URE, property joined to or settled on a woman at marriage to be enjoyed after her husband's death.--_v.t._ to settle a jointure upon.--_ns._ JOINT'[=U]RESS, JOIN'TRESS, a woman on whom a jointure is settled.--JOIN BATTLE, to engage in battle.--OUT OF JOINT, dislocated, (_fig._) disordered; PUT ONE'S NOSE OUT OF JOINT, to supplant in another's love or confidence; SECOND JOINT, the middle piece of a fly fishing-rod: the thigh of a fowl--opp. to the leg or drumstick, the first joint; UNIVERSAL JOINT, a contrivance by which one part of a machine is able to move freely in all directions, as in the ball-and-socket joint. [O. Fr. _joindre_--L. _jung[)e]re_, _junctum_.]

JOIST, joist, _n._ the timbers to which the boards of a floor or the laths of a ceiling are nailed.--_v.t._ to fit with joists. [O. Fr. _giste_--_gesir_--L. _jac[=e]re_, to lie.]

JOKE, j[=o]k, _n._ a jest: a witticism: something witty or sportive: anything said or done to excite a laugh.--_v.t._ to cast jokes at: to banter: to make merry with.--_v.i._ to jest: to be merry: to make sport.--_n._ JOK'ER, one who jokes or jests: a card, generally the highest trump, at euchre.--_adv._ JOK'INGLY, in a joking manner. [L. _jocus_.]

JOLE, another form of _jowl_.

JOLE, JOLL, j[=o]l, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to beat against anything, to clash with violence.

JOLLY, jol'i, _adj._ merry: expressing or exciting mirth, jovial: comely, robust.--_n._ JOLLIFIC[=A]'TION, a making jolly: noisy festivity and merriment.--_adv._ JOLL'ILY.--_ns._ JOLL'IMENT (_Spens._), merriment; JOLL'ITY, JOLL'INESS.--_adv._ JOLL'Y (_coll._), uncommonly. [O. Fr. _jolif_, _joli_--Ice. _jol_, Yule.]

JOLLYBOAT, jol'i-b[=o]t, _n._ a small boat belonging to a ship. [Dan. _jolle_, a boat, and Eng. _boat_.]

JOLT, j[=o]lt, _v.i._ to shake with sudden jerks.--_v.t._ to shake with a sudden shock.--_n._ a sudden jerk.--_ns._ JOLT'ER; JOLT'-HEAD, JOLT'ERHEAD, a blockhead.--_adv._ JOLT'INGLY, in a jolting manner. [Old form _joll_, prob. conn. with _jowl_.]

JONAH, j[=o]'nä, _n._ an unlucky passenger on shipboard or elsewhere--from the prophet _Jonah_.

JONATHAN, jon'a-than, _n._ the people of the United States, collectively, or a typical specimen, BROTHER JONATHAN. [Perh. from the sagacious Governor _Jonathan_ Trumbull, 1710-85.]

JONGLEUR, zhong'gler, _n._ a minstrel: a mountebank. [O. Fr. _jogleor_--L. _joculator_; cf. _Juggler_.]

JONQUIL, jon'kwil, _n._ a name given to certain species of narcissus with rush-like leaves.--Also JON'QUILL. [Fr. _jonquille_--L. _juncus_, a rush.]

JORDAN, jor'dan, _n._ (_Shak._) a chamber-pot. [_Jordan_-bottle, a pilgrim's bottle containing _Jordan_ water.]

JORUM, j[=o]'rum, _n._ a drinking bowl or vessel, also its contents.--Also J[=O]'RAM. [Ety. unknown.]

JOSEPH, j[=o]'zef, _n._ one whose chastity is above temptation--from the story of _Joseph_ and Potiphar's wife in Gen. xxxix.: a caped overcoat worn by women in the 18th century for riding--in allusion to _Joseph's_ coat, Gen. xxxvii. 3.

JOSKIN, jos'kin, _n._ a clown, yokel. [Thieves' cant.]

JOSS, jos, _n._ a Chinese idol.--_ns._ JOSS'-HOUSE, a temple; JOSS'-STICK, a stick of gum burned as incense to their gods. [Pidgin-English corr. of the Port. _deos_, god.]

JOSS-BLOCK, jos'-blok, _n._ (_prov._) a horse-block.

JOSTLE, jos'l, _v.t._ to joust or strike against: to drive against. [Freq. of _joust_.]

JOT, jot, _n._ the least quantity assignable.--_v.t._ to set down briefly: to make a memorandum of:--_pr.p._ jot'ting; _pa.p._ jot'ted.--_ns._ JOT'TER, one who jots: a book for memoranda; JOT'TING, a memorandum. [L.,--Gr. _i[=o]ta_--Heb. _y[=o]dh_, the smallest letter in the alphabet, Eng. _i_.]

JOTUN, y[=o]'tun, _n._ a giant. [Ice. _jötunn_.]

JOUGS, joogz, _n._ an iron neck-ring that constituted the old Scottish pillory. [O. Fr. _joug_, a yoke--L. _jugum_.]

JOUISANCE, j[=oo]'is-ans, _n._ (_Spens._) joyousness. [Fr.,--_jouir_, to enjoy--L. _gaud[=e]re_, to rejoice.]

JOUK, JOOK, j[=oo]k, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to duck or dodge: to bow.--_ns._ JOUK'ERY, JOOK'ERY, trickery; JOUK'ERY-PAWK'ERY, low cunning, trickery.

JOULE, j[=oo]l, _n._ the practical unit of electrical energy. [After James Prescott _Joule_ (1818-89).]

JOUNCE, jowns, _v.t._ and _v.i._ to jolt, shake.

JOURNAL, jur'nal, _n._ a daily register or diary: a book containing an account of each day's transactions: a newspaper published daily or otherwise: a magazine: the transactions of any society.--_n._ JOURNALESE', the language of journalism.--_v.i._ JOUR'NAL[=I]SE, to write articles for a journal.--_v.t._ to enter in a journal:--_pr.p._ jour'nal[=i]sing; _pa.p._ jour'nal[=i]sed.--_ns._ JOUR'NALISM, the keeping of a journal: the profession of conducting or writing for public journals; JOUR'NALIST, one who writes for or conducts a newspaper.--_adj._ JOURNALIST'IC, pertaining to journalism. [Fr.,--L. _diurnalis_.]

JOURNAL, jur'nal, _n._ (_mech._) that part of a shaft or axle which rests in the bearings.--_v.t._ to insert, as a shaft, in a journal-bearing.

JOURNEY, jur'ni, _n._ any travel: tour: excursion: the weight of finished coins delivered at one time to the Master of the Mint--also JOUR'NEY-WEIGHT.--_v.i._ JOUR'NEY, to travel:--_pr.p._ jour'neying; _pa.p._ jour'neyed (-nid).--_adj._ JOUR'NEY-BAT'ED (_Shak._), wayworn.--_ns._ JOUR'NEYMAN, one who works by the day: any hired workman: one whose apprenticeship is completed; JOUR'NEY-WORK, work done by a journeyman or for hire. [Fr. _journée_--_jour_, a day--L. _diurnus_.]

JOUST, j[=oo]st, JUST, just, _n._ the encounter of two knights on horseback at a tournament.--_v.i._ to run in the tilt. [O. Fr. _jouste_, _joste_--L. _juxta_, nigh to.]

JOVIAL, j[=o]'vi-al, _adj._ joyous: full of mirth and happiness.--_ns._ JOVE, Jupiter; JOVIAL'ITY, J[=O]'VIALNESS, quality of being jovial.--_adv._ J[=O]'VIALLY. [L.,--_Jupiter_, _Jovis_, Jupiter, an auspicious star.]

JOW, jow, _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_Scot._) to ring, toll.--_n._ a stroke of a bell.

JOWL, jowl, _n._ the jaw or cheek.--_n._ JOWL'ER, a heavy-jawed hound. [M. E. forms are _chol_, _chaul_, corr. from _chavel_, and this again from A.S. _ceafl_, the jaw.]

JOWL, j[=o]l, _v.t._ (_Shak._). Same as JOLE, to beat.

JOWTER, jow't[.e]r, _n._ a fish-hawker.--Also JOW'DER. [Prob. a form of _jolter_.]

JOY, joi, _n._ gladness: rapture, mirth: the cause of joy.--_v.i._ to rejoice: to be glad: to exult:--_pr.p._ joy'ing; _pa.p._ joyed.--_v.t._ JOY (_Milt._), to enjoy.--_n._ JOY'ANCE (_Spens._), gaiety, festivity.--_adj._ JOY'FUL, full of joy: very glad, happy, or merry.--_adv._ JOY'FULLY.--_n._ JOY'FULNESS.--_adj._ JOY'LESS, without joy: not giving joy.--_adv._ JOY'LESSLY.--_n._ JOY'LESSNESS.--_adj._ JOY'OUS, full of joy, happiness, or merriment.--_adv._ JOY'OUSLY.--_n._ JOY'OUSNESS.--THE SEVEN JOYS OF THE VIRGIN:--the Annunciation, the Visitation, the Nativity, the Adoration of the three wise men, the Presentation in the Temple, the Discovery of the child in the Temple amidst the doctors, her Assumption and Coronation. [Fr. _joie_ (It. _gioja_)--L. _gaudium_--_gaud[=e]re_, to rejoice.]

JUBA, j[=oo]'ba, _n._ a negro breakdown or rustic dance, in which the spectators clap hands, slap their thighs, and sing verses with _juba_ as a refrain.

JUBATE, j[=oo]'b[=a]t, _adj._ having a mane.

JUBBAH, jub'a, _n._ a long loose outer garment worn by Mohammedans in India, &c.

JUBE, j[=oo]'b[=e], _n._ the rood-loft or gallery over the entrance to the choir of a church. [L., imperat. of _jub[=e]re_, to command.]

JUBILANT, j[=oo]'bi-lant, _adj._ shouting for joy: rejoicing: uttering songs of triumph.--_n._ JU'BILANCE, exultation.--_adv._ JUBILANTLY.--_v.i._ JU'BILATE, to exult, rejoice.--_ns._ JUBIL[=A]'T[=E], the third Sunday after Easter, so called because the Church Service began on that day with the 66th Psalm, 'Jubilate Deo,' &c.: also the 100th Psalm, which in the English Prayer-Book is a canticle used as an alternative for the Benedictus; JUBIL[=A]'TION, a shouting for joy: the declaration of triumph. [L. _jubil[=a]re_, to shout for joy. Not conn. with _Jubilee_.]

JUBILEE, j[=oo]'bi-l[=e], _n._ the year of release among the Jews every fiftieth year, proclaimed by the sound of a trumpet: the celebration of a fiftieth anniversary--e.g. of a king's accession, a bishop's consecration, &c.: in the R.C. Church, a year (every twenty-fifth--_Ordinary jubilee_) of indulgence for pilgrims and others, an _Extraordinary jubilee_ being specially appointed by the Pope: any season of great public joy and festivity. [Fr. _jubilé_--L. _jubilæus_--Heb. _y[=o]bel_, a trumpet, the blast of a trumpet.]

JUD, jud, _n._ a mass of coal holed or undercut so as to be thrown down by wedges.

JUDAIC, -AL, j[=oo]-d[=a]'ik, -al, _adj._ pertaining to the Jews.--_adv._ JUD[=A]'ICALLY.--_n._ JUDAIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ JU'DA[=I]SE, to conform to or practise Judaism.--_ns._ JUDA[=I]'SER; JU'DAISM, the doctrines and rites of the Jews: conformity to the Jewish rites; JU'DAIST, one who holds the doctrines of Judaism.--_adj._ JUDAIST'IC, pertaining to Judaism.--_adv._ JUDAIST'ICALLY. [L. _Judaicus_--_Juda_, Judah, a son of Israel.]

JUDAS, j[=oo]'das, _n._ a traitor: an opening in a jail-door, &c.--_adj._ JU'DAS-COL'OURED, red of hair--_Judas_ traditionally being red-haired.--_ns._ JU'DAS-HOLE, a small hole in a door for watching; JU'DAS-KISS, any act of treachery under the guise of kindness (Matt. xxvi. 48, 49); JU'DAS-TREE, a tree with rose-coloured flowers that appear before the leaves--_Judas_ having hanged himself on one.

JUDEAN, j[=oo]-d[=e]'an, _adj._ belonging to _Judea_.--_n._ a native of Judea.

JUDGE, juj, _v.i._ to point out or declare what is just or law: to hear and decide: to pass sentence: to compare facts to determine the truth: to form or pass an opinion: to distinguish.--_v.t._ to hear and determine authoritatively: to sentence: to decide the merits of: to be censorious towards: to consider: (_B._) to condemn.--_n._ one who judges: a civil officer who hears and settles any cause: an arbitrator: one who can decide upon the merit of anything: in Jewish history, a supreme magistrate having civil and military powers: (_pl._) title of 7th book of the Old Testament.--_ns._ JUDGE'SHIP, the office of a judge; JUDG'MENT, act of judging: the comparing of ideas to elicit truth: faculty by which this is done, the reason: opinion formed: taste: sentence: condemnation: doom; JUDG'MENT-DAY, the day on which God will pronounce final judgment on mankind; JUDG'MENT-DEBT, a debt evidenced by legal record; JUDG'MENT-HALL, a hall where a court of justice meets; JUDG'MENT-SEAT, seat or bench in a court from which judgment is pronounced. [Fr. _juger_--L. _judic[=a]re_--_jus_, law, _dic[)e]re_, to declare.]

JUDICA, j[=oo]'di-ka, _n._ Passion Sunday--from the opening words of the introit, '_Judica_ me, Deus' (43d Ps.).

JUDICATURE, j[=oo]'di-k[=a]-t[=u]r, _n._ power of dispensing justice by legal trial: jurisdiction: a tribunal.--_adjs._ JU'DICABLE, that may be judged or tried; JU'DIC[=A]TIVE, having power to judge; JU'DIC[=A]TORY, pertaining to a judge: distributing justice.--_n._ distribution of justice: a tribunal.

JUDICIAL, j[=oo]-dish'al, _adj._ pertaining to a judge or court of justice: established by statute.--_adv._ JUDIC'IALLY.--JUDICIAL COMMITTEE, an offshoot of the Privy Council, forming a court of appeal; JUDICIAL FACTOR, in Scotland, an administrator appointed by the courts to manage the estate of some one under some imperfection; JUDICIAL SEPARATION, the separation of two married persons by order of the Divorce Court. [L. _judicialis_--_judicium_.]

JUDICIARY, j[=oo]-dish'i-ar-i, _n._ the judges taken collectively.--_adj._ pertaining to the courts of law: passing judgment. [L. _judiciarius_.]

JUDICIOUS, j[=oo]-dish'us, _adj._ according to sound judgment: possessing sound judgment: discreet.--_adv._ JUDIC'IOUSLY.--_n._ JUDIC'IOUSNESS. [Fr. _judicieux_--Low L. _judiciosus_--L. _judicium_.]

JUDY, j[=oo]'di, _n._ Punch's wife in the puppet-show: a native Chinese strumpet. [Corr. of _Judith_.]

JUG, jug, _n._ a large vessel with a swelling body and narrow mouth for liquors.--_v.t._ to boil or stew as in a jug:--_pr.p._ jug'ging; _pa.p._ jugged.--JUGGED HARE (see HARE); STONE JUG (_slang_), jail. [Prob. _Judy_, jocularly applied to a drinking-vessel; cf. _Jack_ and _Jill_ in a like sense.]

JUG, jug, _v.i._ to utter the sound _jug_, as certain birds, esp. the nightingale.--_n._ JUG-JUG. [Imit.]

JUGAL, j[=oo]'gal, _adj._ malar: joining, uniting.--_n._ a bone of the zygomatic arch, malar bone.

JUGATE, -D, j[=oo]'g[=a]t, -ed, _adj._ (_bot._) having the leaflets in pairs: joined as jugata on a coin, &c.--_n.pl._ JU'GATA, heads shown side by side or overlapping.

JUGGERNAUT, jug'er-nawt, _n._ an idol of the Hindu god Vishnu, beneath whose car devotees were supposed to immolate themselves; hence the 'car of Juggernaut' stands metaphorically for any Moloch of self-sacrifice. [Sans. _Jagann[=a]tha_, lord of the world.]

JUGGINS, jug'ginz, _n._ (_slang_) a simpleton.

JUGGLE, jug'l, _v.i._ to joke or jest: to amuse by sleight-of-hand: to conjure: to practise artifice or imposture.--_n._ a trick by sleight-of-hand: an imposture.--_ns._ JUGG'LER, one who performs tricks by sleight-of-hand: a trickish fellow; JUGG'LERY, art or tricks of a juggler: legerdemain: trickery.--_adv._ JUGG'LINGLY, in a deceptive manner. [O. Fr. _jogler_--L. _jocul[=a]ri_, to jest--_jocus_, a jest.]

JUGLANS, j[=oo]'glanz, _n._ a genus of the walnut family.

JUGULAR, jug'[=u]-lar, _adj._ pertaining to the collar-bone, which joins the neck and shoulders.--_n._ one of the large veins on each side of the neck. [L. _jugulum_, the collar-bone--_jung[)e]re_, to join.]

JUICE, j[=oo]s, _n._ the sap of vegetables: the fluid part of animal bodies.--_adj._ JUICE'LESS.--_n._ JUIC'INESS.--_adj._ JUIC'Y. [Fr.,--L. _jus_, broth, lit. mixture.]

JUJUBE, j[=oo]'j[=oo]b, _n._ a genus of spiny shrubs or small trees, the fruit of which is dried as a sweetmeat: a lozenge made of sugar and gum. [Fr.,--L. _zizyphum_--Gr. _zizyphon_--Pers. _z[=i]zfun_, the jujube-tree.]

JULEP, j[=oo]'lep, _n._ a pleasant liquid medicine in which other nauseous medicines are taken.--Also JU'LAP. [Fr.,--Sp. _julepe_--Ar. _j[=u]l[=a]b_--Pers. _j[=u]l[=a]b_.]

JULIAN, j[=oo]l'yan, _adj._ pertaining to C. _Julius_ Cæsar (B.C. 100-44).--JULIAN YEAR (see YEAR).

JULIENNE, zhü-li-en', _n._ a clear soup, with shredded herbs. [_Julien_, a French cook in Boston.]

JULY, j[=oo]'l[=i], _n._ the seventh month of the year--from Caius _Julius_ Cæsar, who was born in it.

JUMART, j[=oo]'mart, _n._ the offspring of a bull and a mare, or horse and cow. [Fr.,--L. _jumentum_.]

JUMBLE, jum'bl, _v.t._ to mix confusedly: to throw together without order.--_v.i._ to be mixed together confusedly: to be agitated: to jump at, to accept eagerly.--_n._ a confused mixture.--_n._ JUM'BLE-SALE, a charity bazaar of cast-off clothing, rubbish, &c.--_adv._ JUM'BLINGLY, in a jumbled or confused manner. [Prob. a freq. of _jump_.]

JUMBO, jum'b[=o], _n._ a colossus.--_adj._ huge, colossal. [Name of a huge elephant sold in 1882 from the London Zoological Gardens to P. T. Barnum.]

JUMP, jump, _v.i._ to spring upward, or forward, or both: to bound: to pass to as by a leap: to agree, coincide (_with_).--_v.t._ to pass by a leap: to skip over: to cause to start, as game:--_pr.p._ jump'ing; _pa.p._ jumped.--_n._ act of jumping: a bound, a hazard.--_adv._ (_Shak._) exactly.--_ns._ JUMP'ER, one who jumps: a long iron drill or borer used in quarries and mines: (_pl._) a term applied to certain Welsh Methodists (c. 1760), who jumped about in worship: JUMP'ING-DEER, the black-tailed American deer; JUMP'ING-HARE, a South African rodent, akin to the jerboas; JUMP'-SEAT, a carriage-seat which may be moved backwards or forwards, so as to be used as single or double: a carriage with a movable seat; COUNT'ER-JUMP'ER, a draper's shopman.--JUMP A CLAIM (_U.S._), to take land to which another already holds a claim; JUMP AT, to embrace with eagerness; JUMP ONE'S BAIL, to abscond, forfeiting one's bail; JUMP OVER, to disregard, omit; JUMP OVER THE BROOMSTICK, to make an irregular marriage. [From a Teut. root seen in Sw. dial. _gumpa_, Middle High Ger. _gumpen_, to jump.]

JUMP, jump, JUMPER, jump'er, _n._ a loose garment: overall. [More prob. a thing to be _jumped_ or slipped on, than from Fr. _jupe_, a petticoat, skirt.]

JUNCACEOUS, jun-k[=a]'shus, _adj._ of or pertaining to the _Juncaceæ_, a natural order of plants, of which the JUN'CUS, or rush, is the type.

JUNCATE, jungk'[=a]t, _n._ Same as JUNKET.

JUNCO, jung'k[=o], _n._ a North American snow-bird.

JUNCTION, jungk'shun, _n._ a joining, a union or combination: place or point of union. [_Join_.]

JUNCTURE, jungk't[=u]r, _n._ a joining, a union: a critical or important point of time. [L. _junctura_.]

JUNE, j[=oo]n, _n._ the sixth month, originally of 26 days, but since Julius Cæsar's time of 30. [L. _Junius_, the sixth month, prob. from root of L. _juvenis_, junior.]

JUNEATING, an erroneous form of _jenneting_.

JUNGERMANNIA, joong-ger-man'i-ä, _n._ (_bot._) a suborder of _Hepaticæ_. [From a German botanist, _Jungermann_ (1572-1653).]

JUNGLE, jung'gl, _n._ land covered with thick brushwood, &c.--_ns._ JUNGLE-F[=E]'VER, a severe malarial or remittent fever; JUNG'LE-FOWL, a wild species of genus _Gallus_, the parent of our barn-door fowl.--_adj._ JUNG'LY. [Sans. _jañgala_, desert.]

JUNIOR, j[=oo]n'yur, _adj._ younger: less advanced.--_n._ one younger or less advanced.--_ns._ JUNIOR'ITY, JUN'IORSHIP; JUN'IOR-RIGHT, borough-English (q.v.).--JUNIOR OPTIME, a third-class honours man at Cambridge, next to Wranglers and Senior Optimes; JUNIOR SOPH, an undergraduate of the second year at Cambridge. [Contr. of L. _juvenior_, younger--_juvenis_, young.]

JUNIPER, j[=oo]'ni-p[.e]r, _n._ an evergreen shrub, the berries of which are used in making gin. [L. _juniperus_--_juvenis_, young, _par[)e]re_, to bring forth.]

JUNK, jungk, _n._ a Chinese vessel, with high forecastle and poop, sometimes large and three-masted. [Port. _junco_--Chinese _chw`an_, a boat.]

JUNK, jungk, _n._ pieces of old cordage, used for making mats, &c., and when picked to pieces, forming oakum for the seams of ships: salt meat supplied to vessels for long voyages, so called because it becomes as hard as old rope.--_ns._ JUNK'-DEAL'ER, JUNK'MAN, a dealer in junk; JUNK'-RING, a metal ring confining a fibrous piston-packing; JUNK'-SHOP, a place where junk is bought and sold. [L. _juncus_, a rush.]

JUNK, jungk, _n._ a thick piece, chunk. [_Chunk_.]

JUNK-BOTTLE, junk'bot-l, _n._ a thick, strong bottle, of green or black glass.

JUNKER, y[=oo]ng'k[.e]r, _n._ a young German noble or squire.--_n._ JUNK'ERISM, the narrow political and social ideas of the aristocratic party in Prussia called _Junkers_.

JUNKET, jung'ket, _n._ any sweetmeat or delicacy: curds mixed with cream, sweetened and flavoured: a feast or merrymaking, a picnic, a spree.--_v.i._ to feast, banquet, take part in a convivial entertainment or spree.--_v.t._ to feast, regale, entertain:--_pr.p._ junketing; _pa.p._ jun'keted.--_n._ JUNK'ETING, a merry feast or entertainment, picnicking. [It. _guincata_--L. _juncus_, a rush.]

JUNO, j[=oo]'n[=o], _n._ in Roman mythology, the wife of Jupiter, parallel with the Greek Hera, regarded as the special protectress of marriage and the guardian of woman from birth to death: a queenly woman.--_adj._ JUN[=O]'NIAN.

JUNTA, jun'ta, _n._ a meeting, council: a Spanish grand council of state. [Sp.,--L. _jung[)e]re_, to join.]

JUNTO, jun't[=o], _n._ a body of men joined or united for some secret intrigue: a confederacy: a cabal or faction:--_pl._ JUN'TOS. [Sp. _junta_.]

JUPATI-PALM, j[=oo]'pa-t[=e]-päm, _n._ a South American palm yielding the raphia-fibre.

JUPITER, j[=oo]'pi-t[.e]r, _n._ the chief god among the Romans, the parallel of the Greek Zeus--also JOVE: the largest and, next to Venus, the brightest of the planets.--JUPITER'S BEARD, the house-leek. [L., Gr. _Zeus pat[=e]r_, Sans. _Dyaus pitar_, lit. 'Jove (Zeus) father.']

JUPON, j[=oo]'-pon, _n._ a sleeveless jacket or close-fitting coat, extending down over the hips: a petticoat.--_n._ JUPETTE', a jupon with very short skirt. [Fr. _jupon_, _jupe_, a petticoat.]

JURAL, j[=oo]'ral, _adj._ pertaining to natural or positive right.--_adv._ JU'RALLY.

JURASSIC, j[=oo]-ras'sik, _adj._ (_geol._) one of the three divisions of the Mesozoic rocks, including the Lias and Oolites, and so called from its well-developed strata in the _Jura_ Mountains.

JURAT, j[=oo]'rat, _n._ the official memorandum at the end of an affidavit, showing the time when and the person before whom it was sworn.

JURAT, j[=oo]'rat, _n._ a sworn officer, as a magistrate.

JURANT, j[=oo]'rant, _adj._ taking an oath.--_n._ one who takes an oath.--_adj._ JU'RATORY, pertaining to an oath.

JURIDICAL, j[=oo]-rid'ik-al, _adj._ relating to the distribution of justice: pertaining to a judge: used in courts of law.--_adv._ JURID'ICALLY. [L. _juridicus_--_jus_, _juris_, law, _dicere_[typo: _dic[)e]re_], to declare.]

JURISCONSULT, j[=oo]-ris-kon'sult, _n._ one who is consulted on the law: a lawyer who gives opinions on cases put to him: a jurist. [L. _jus_, _juris_, law, _consultus_--_consultere_, to consult.]

JURISDICTION, j[=oo]-ris-dik'shun, _n._ the distribution of justice: legal authority: extent of power: district over which any authority extends.--_adjs._ JURISDIC'TIONAL, JURISDIC'TIVE. [Fr.,--L. _jurisdictio_.]

JURISPRUDENCE, j[=oo]-ris-pr[=oo]'dens, _n._ the science or knowledge of law.--_adj._ JURISPRU'DENT, learned in law.--_n._ one who is learned in law.--_adj._ JURISPRUDEN'TIAL.--MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE, forensic medicine (see FORENSIC). [Fr.--L., _jurisprudentia_--_jus_, _juris_, law, _prudentia_, knowledge.]

JURIST, j[=oo]'rist, _n._ one who is versed in the science of law, esp. Roman or civil law: a civilian.--_adjs._ JURIST'IC, -AL.--_adv._ JURIST'ICALLY. [Fr. _juriste_.]

JURY, j[=oo]'ri, _n._ a body of not less than twelve men, selected and sworn, as prescribed by law, to declare the truth on evidence before them: a committee for deciding prizes at a public exhibition.--_ns._ JU'ROR, one who serves on a jury--also JU'RYMAN; JU'RY-BOX, the place in which the jury sit during a trial.--JURY OF MATRONS, a jury of 'discreet' women impanelled to try a question of pregnancy, as where a widow alleges herself to be with child by her late husband, or a woman sentenced to death, to stay execution, pleads that she is with child. [Fr. _juré_, sworn--_jurer_--L. _jur[=a]re_, to swear.]

JURYMAST, j[=oo]'ri-mäst, _n._ a temporary mast raised instead of one lost.--_adj._ JU'RY-RIGGED, rigged in a temporary way.--_n._ JU'RY-RUDD'ER, a temporary rudder for one lost. [Not _injury-mast_, but O. Fr. _ajurie_, aid--L. _adjut[=a]re_, to aid.]

JUS, jus, _n._ law right.--JUS CIVILE, the civil law; JUS DIVINUM, the divine right of kings; JUS GENTIUM, law of nations; JUS MARITI, the right of a husband; JUS NATURALE, the law of nature, the common sense of justice; JUS PRIMÆ NOCTIS, the alleged right of a feudal superior to deflower a young bride.

JUSSIVE, jus'iv, _adj._ expressing command.--_n._ a grammatical form or construction expressing commands.

JUST, just, _n._ a tilt. Same as JOUST.

JUST, just, _adv._ lawful: upright: exact: regular: true: righteous.--_adv._ precisely, almost exactly, very lately, (_coll._) quite, barely.--_adv._ JUST'LY, in a just manner: equitably: uprightly: accurately: by right.--_n._ JUST'NESS, equity: propriety: exactness. [Fr.,--L. _justus_--_jus_, law.]

JUSTICE, jus'tis, _n._ quality of being just: integrity: impartiality: desert: retribution: a judge: a magistrate.--_ns._ JUS'TICESHIP, office or dignity of a justice or judge; JUSTIC'IARY, JUSTIC'IAR, an administrator of justice: a chief-justice.--JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (abb. J.P.), an inferior magistrate; JUSTICES' JUSTICE, a term sarcastically applied to the kind of justice sometimes administered by the unpaid and amateur magistracy of England.--LORD CHIEF-JUSTICE, the chief judge of the King's (or Queen's) Bench Division of the High Court of Justice; LORD JUSTICE-CLERK, the Scottish judge ranking next to the Lord-Justice-general, presiding over the Outer House or Second Division of the Court of Session, vice-president of the High Court of Justiciary; LORD JUSTICE-GENERAL, the highest judge in Scotland, called also the Lord President of the Court of Session.--HIGH COURT OF JUSTICIARY, the supreme criminal court of justice in Scotland. [Fr.,--L. _justitia_.]

JUSTIFY, jus'ti-f[=i], _v.t._ to make just: to prove or show to be just or right: to vindicate: to absolve:--_pr.p._ jus'tifying; _pa.p._ jus'tified.--_adj._ JUSTIF[=I]'ABLE, that may be justified or defended.--_n._ JUSTIF[=I]'ABLENESS.--_adv._ JUSTIF[=I]'ABLY.--_n._ JUSTIFIC[=A]'TION, vindication: absolution: a plea of sufficient reason for.--_adjs._ JUS'TIFIC[=A]TIVE, JUS'TIFIC[=A]TORY, having power to justify.--_n._ JUS'TIFIER, one who defends, or vindicates: he who pardons and absolves from guilt and punishment.--JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH, the doctrine that men are justified by faith in Christ. [Fr.,--L. _justific[=a]re_--_justus_, just, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]

JUSTLE, jus'l, _v.t._ Same as JOSTLE.

JUT, jut, _v.i._ to project:--_pr.p._ jut'ting; _pa.p._ jut'ted.--_adv._ JUT'TINGLY, projectingly.--_n._ JUT'-WIN'DOW, a projecting window. [A form of _jet_.]

JUTE, j[=oo]t, _n._ the fibre of an Indian plant resembling hemp, used in the manufacture of coarse bags, mats, &c. [Orissa _jhot_, Sans. _jhat_.]

JUTTY, jut'i, _n._ a projecting part of a building: a pier, a jetty.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ (_Shak._) to jut. [_Jut_.]

JUVENAL, j[=oo]'ve-nal, _n._ (_Shak._) a youth. [L.]

JUVENESCENT, j[=oo]-ven-es'ent, _adj._ becoming young.--_n._ JUVENESC'ENCE. [L. _juvenesc[)e]re_, to grow young.]

JUVENILE, j[=oo]'ve-n[=i]l, or -nil, _adj._ young: pertaining or suited to youth: puerile.--_n._ a young person: a book written for such: an actor who plays youthful parts.--_ns._ JU'VENILENESS, JUVENIL'ITY. [Fr.,--L. _juvenilis_--_juvenis_, young.]

JUXTAPOSITION, juks-ta-p[=o]-zish'un, _n._ a placing or being placed near: contiguity.--_v.t_. JUXTAPOSE', to place side by side. [L. _juxta_, near, and _position_.]

JYMOLD, j[=i]'mold, _adj._ (_Shak._). Same as GIMMAL.

* * * * *

K the eleventh letter in our alphabet, its sound that of the sharp guttural mute, formed by raising the tongue to the back of the palate: (_chem._) the symbol for potassium: (_math._) generally a constant coefficient: also a unit vector perpendicular to _i_ and _j_: as a medieval numeral, 250.

KAABA, kä'bä, or k[=a]'a-bä, _n._ Same as CAABA (q.v.).

KABALA, kab'a-la, _n._ Same as CABALA.

KABYLE, ka-b[=i]l', _n._ one of a branch of the great Berber race of North Africa: a dialect of Berber spoken by many of the Kabyles. [Fr.,--Ar. _Qab[=a]il_, pl. of _qab[=i]la_, a tribe.]

KADDISH, kad'ish, _n._ a Jewish form of thanksgiving and prayer, used at funerals, &c. [Heb.]

KADI, k[=a]'di, _n._ Same as CADI.

KAE, k[=a], _n._ (_Scot._) a jackdaw.--Also KA.

KAFFIYEH, kaf'i-ye, _n._ a small shawl worn about the head in Syria.

KAFILA, kaf'i-la, _n._ a camel train, caravan.

KAFIR, kaf'ir, _n._ one of a native race of SE. Africa.--KAFIR BREAD, the pith of a South African plant; KAFIR CORN, Indian millet. [Ar., unbeliever.]

KAFTAN. Same as CAFTAN.

KAGO, kag'[=o], _n._ a Japanese basket with palanquin slung from a pole and carried by men.

KAIAK. Same as KAYAK.

KAIF, k[=i]f, _n._ undisturbed quiescence. [Ar.]

KAIL, k[=a]l, _n._ a ninepin. [Cf. Dut. and Ger. _kegel_.]

KAIL. See KALE.

KAIMAKAM, k[=i]-ma-kam', _n._ a lieutenant-colonel in the Turkish army: the administrator of a subdivision of a vilayet.

KAIN, k[=a]n, _n._ in old Scots law, rent paid in kind, e.g. in poultry, to a landlord.

KAINITE, k[=i]'n[=i]t, _n._ a hydrated compound of the chlorides and sulphates of magnesium and potassium, used as a fertiliser. [Gr. _kainos_, new.]

KAINOZOIC. Same as CAINOZOIC.

KAISER, k[=i]'z[.e]r, _n._ an emperor, esp. of Germany and Austria.--_n._ KAI'SERSHIP. [Ger.,--L. _Cæsar_.]

KAKA, kä'ka, _n._ a New Zealand parrot.--_n._ KA'KAPO, a nocturnal flightless New Zealand parrot.

KAKEMONO, kak-e-m[=o]'n[=o], _n._ a Japanese wall-picture or decoration, painted on silk, gauze, or paper, and mounted on cylindrical rods.

KAKI, kä'k[=e], _n._ the persimmon of Japan, or Chinese date.

KAKISTOCRACY, kak-is-tok'r[=a]-si, _n._ government by the worst men in the state. [Gr. _kakistos_, superl. of _kakos_, bad, _kratia_, rule.]

KAKODYL. See CACODYL.

KALA, kä'la, _n._ time: destiny.--KÂLA CHAKRA, the wheel of time. [Sans.]

KALAMDAN, kal'am-dan, _n._ a Persian writing-case, with compartments for ink, reed-pens, knife, &c.

KALAMKARI, kal-am-kar'i, _n._ a method of colouring and decorating by several dyeings or printings, also a chintz so treated. [Pers.]

KALE, KAIL, k[=a]l, _n._ a cabbage with open curled leaves, cabbage generally: broth of which kale is a chief ingredient.--_ns._ KAIL'YARD, a kitchen-garden; KALE'-RUNT, a cabbage-stem.--KAILYARD-SCHOOL, a group of writers of stories of humble Scotch country life--S. R. Crockett, Ian Maclaren, &c. [_Cole._]

KALEIDOPHONE, ka-l[=i]'do-f[=o]n, _n._ an instrument consisting of a rod or thin plate with a knob at the end, for showing the curves corresponding with the musical notes produced by the vibrations. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _eidos_, form, _ph[=o]n[=e]_, sound.]

KALEIDOSCOPE, ka-l[=i]'do-sk[=o]p, _n._ an optical toy in which we see an endless variety of beautiful colours and forms.--_adj._ KALEIDOSCOP'IC. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _eidos_, form, _skopein_, to see.]

KALENDAR, KALENDS=CALENDAR, CALENDS.

KALEVALA, kal-e-vä'lä, _n._ the great Finnish epic, written in eight-syllabled trochaic verse (from which Longfellow's _Hiawatha_ is imitated), taken down from the lips of the peasantry and pieced together by Dr. Lönnrot of Helsingfors in 1835, in extended form (22,793 verses) in 1849. [Finnish, _kaleva_, a hero, _-la_, denoting place.]

KALI, kal'i, or k[=a]'l[=i], _n._ the prickly saltwort or glasswort.--_adj._ KALIG'ENOUS, producing alkalies.--_n._ K[=A]'LIUM, potassium.

KALI, kä'l[=e], _n._ a carpet with long nap, also the large carpet covering the centre of a Persian room.

KALI, kä'l[=e], _n._ a Hindu goddess, wife of Siva, the dark goddess of destruction--called also _Durga_.

KALIF, k[=a]'lif, _n._ Same as CALIF.

KALIYUGA, kal-i-y[=oo]'ga, _n._ in Hindu mythology, the present age of the world, the fourth, characterised by universal degeneracy.

KALMIA, kal'mi-ä, _n._ a genus of North American evergreen shrubs, including the American mountain laurel. [From Peter _Kalm_, pupil of Linnæus.]

KALMUCK, kal'muk, _n._ a member of a Mongolian race.--Also CAL'MUCK. [Russ.]

KALOLOGY, kal-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science of beauty in itself considered. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _logia_, discourse.]

KALONG, ka-long', _n._ a general name of the large fruit-bats, flying foxes, &c.

KALOTYPE. Same as CALOTYPE.

KALPA, kal'pa, _n._ a day of Brahma, a period of 4320 million years.--Also CAL'PA. [Sans., 'formation.']

KALPIS, kal'pis, _n._ a three-handled water-vase. [Gr.]

KALSOMINE, an incorrect form of _calcimine_, which see under CALCIUM.

KALYPTRA, ka-lip'tra, _n._ a thin veil worn by Greek women over the hair.

KAM, käm, _adj._ (_Shak._) crooked.

KAMA, kä'ma, _n._ the god of love in the Purânas: impure desire.--Also CAMA, KA'MADEVA.

KAMERA, kam'[.e]-ra, _n._ a room. See CAMERA.

KAMES, k[=a]mz, _n.pl._ (_geol._) banks and ridges of gravel, sand, &c., associated with the glacial deposits of Scotland--the same as _åsar_ (q.v.) and _eskar_.

KAMI, kä'mi, _n._ a Japanese term for a lord, for any of the national gods, demi-gods, or deified heroes, or any of their supposed descendants, as the mikados and the imperial family. [Japanese, 'superior.']

KAMICHI, kam'i-chi, _n._ the horned screamer.

KAMILA, KAMELA, ka-m[=e]'la, _n._ an East Indian orange dye-stuff yielded by a common Madras tree of the spurge family.

KAMIS, KAMEES, ka-m[=e]s', _n._ the long loose sleeved shirt worn by men in Mohammedan countries.

KAMPONG, kam-pong', _n._ an enclosed space. [Malay.]

KAMPTULICON, kamp-t[=u]'li-kon, _n._ a ground cork and caoutchouc floorcloth. [Gr. _kamptein_, to bend.]

KAMSIN. See KHAMSIN.

KANA, kä'na, _n._ Japanese writing, as distinguished from Japanese written in Chinese characters.

KANAKA, ka-nak'a, _n._ a Hawaiian or Sandwich Islander: one of the native labourers brought from the Pacific islands, on engagement for a certain fixed number of years, to Australia, &c. [Hawaiian, 'a man.']

KANEH, kä'ne, _n._ a Hebrew measure of 6 cubits length.--Also C[=A]'NEH.

KANG, kang, _n._ a large Chinese water-jar: an oven-like brick structure in northern China, for sleeping on at night, a fire being lighted underneath.

KANGAROO, kang-gar-[=oo]', _n._ a large marsupial mammal of Australia, with very long hind-legs and great power of leaping.--_n._ KANGAROO'-GRASS, a valuable Australian fodder grass.

KANS, kanz, _n._ a common Indian grass, allied to the sugar-cane.

KANTEN, kan'ten, _n._ a gelatinous substance extracted from seaweeds, used for soups and for sizing. [Jap.]

KANTIAN, kan'shi-an, _adj._ pertaining to the doctrines of, or belonging to, the great German philosopher, Immanuel _Kant_ (1724-1804).--_ns._ KAN'TIANISM, KANT'ISM, the doctrines or philosophy of Kant; KANT'IST, a disciple or follower of Kant.

KANTIKOY, CANTICOY, kan'ti-koi, _n._ a religious dance among American Indians, a dancing-match.--_v.i._ to dance as an act of worship.

KANUCK, ka-nuk', _n._ (_U.S._) a Canadian.--Also CANUCK'. [Ind.]

KAOLIN, kä'o-lin, _n._ same as CHINA CLAY. [From the mountain _Kao-ling_ ('high ridge') in China.]

KAPELLMEISTER, kä-pel'm[=i]s-ter, _n._ the director of an orchestra or choir, esp. the band of a ruling prince in Germany. [Ger. _kapelle_, chapel, orchestra, _meister_, master.]

KAPNOGRAPHY, kap-nog'ra-fi, _n._ the art of producing decorative designs on a smoked surface with a fine point, shading by successive deposits of carbon from a flame, fixed by varnish.--_adj._ KAPNOGRAPH'IC. [Gr. _kapnos_, smoke, _graphia_--_graphein_, to write.]

KAPOK, ka-pok', _n._ a cottony or silky fibre covering the seeds of a species of silk-cotton tree, used for stuffing pillows, &c.

KARAITE, k[=a]'rä-[=i]t, _n._ one of a stricter sect of Jews who cling to the literal interpretation of Scripture as against oral tradition. [Heb. _kara[=i]m_, readers.]

KARMA, kär'mä, _n._ the Buddhist conception of the quality of actions, including both merit and demerit, determining the future condition of all sentient beings by a sort of virtue inherent in the nature of things--by the blind and unconscious but inevitable concatenation of cause and effect: the theory of inevitable consequence generally: the result of the actions of a life.--_adj._ KAR'MIC. [Sans. _karma_, work.]

KARMATHIAN, kär-m[=a]'thi-an, _n._ a member of a pantheistic socialistic Mohammedan sect which arose in Turkey about the close of the 9th century. [_Karmat_, its founder.]

KAROB, kar'ob, _n._ among goldsmiths, the twenty-fourth part of a grain.

KARROO, ka-r[=oo]', _n._ a generic name given to the high barren plains of Cape Colony.--Also KAROO'. [Hottentot, _karusa_, hard.]

KASSU, kas'[=oo], _n._ a kind of catechu made from the fruit of the betel-nut palm.

KAT, kat, _n._ the chief ancient Egyptian unit of weight, 1/50 lb. avoirdupois.

KATABOLISM, kat-ab'ol-izm, _n._ (_biol._) the discharging or disruptive process to which protoplasm is constantly subject--the opposite of _Anabolism_, the up-building, constructive process.--Also CATAB'OLISM. [Gr. _katabol[=e]_, _kataballein_, to throw down.]

KATAKANA, kat-a-kä'na, _n._ one of the two styles of writing the syllabary of 48 letters in use among the Japanese (the other being _Hiragana_), used chiefly for proper names and foreign words.

KATYDID, k[=a]-ti-did', _n._ an American insect akin to the grasshopper. [Imit. of its note.]

KAURI-PINE, kow'ri-p[=i]n, _n._ a splendid forest-tree of New Zealand, yielding the well-known KAU'RI-GUM, a resin used in making varnish.

KAVA, kä'va, _n._ _Piper methysticum_, also the narcotic drink prepared from it.--Also A'VA.

KAVASS, ka-vas', _n._ an armed man attendant on a person of distinction in Turkey.--Also CAVASS'. [Turk. _qawas_.]

KAW. Same as CAW.

KAY. Same as CAY.

KAYAK, ka'yak, _n._ a canoe used in Greenland, made of seal-skins stretched on a frame.

KEA, k[=e]'ä, _n._ a New Zealand parrot that kills sheep.

KEB, keb, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to cast a lamb prematurely.--_n._ a ewe which has cast its lamb: a sheep louse or tick.

KEBBIE, keb'i, _n._ (_Scot._) a cudgel.

KEBBOCK, keb'uk. _n._ (_Scot._) a cheese.--Also KEBB'UCK. [Gael. _cabag_, a cheese.]

KEBLAH. See KIBLAH.

KECK, kek, _v.i._ to retch, feel loathing.--_n._ a retching.

KECK, KECKSY. See KEX.

KECKLE, kek'l, _v.t._ to preserve or protect by binding with old rope or chains, as a cable:--_pr.p._ keck'ling; _pa.p._ keck'led.--_n._ KECK'LING, rope, chains, &c. used to keckle cables or hawsers.

KEDGE, kej, _n._ a small anchor for keeping a ship steady, and for warping the ship.--_v.t._ to move by means of a kedge, to warp.--_n._ KEDG'ER, a kedge. [Scand.; cf. Sw. prov. _keka_, to drive slowly.]

KEDGE, kej, _adj._ (_prov._) brisk, lively: pot-bellied.--Also KEDG'Y, KIDGE.

KEDJEREE, kej'e-r[=e], _n._ a mess of rice, cooked with butter and the dholl pea, flavoured with spice, shred onion, &c., common all over India, and often served at Anglo-Indian breakfast-tables. [Hind. _khichr[=i]_.]

KEECH, k[=e]ch, _n._ (_Shak._) a lump of fat. [_Cake_.]

KEEK, k[=e]k, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to peep.--_n._ a peep.--_ns._ KEEK'ER, an inspector of mining; KEEK'ING-GLASS, a mirror. [M. E. _kyken_; cf. Dut. _kijken_, Ger. _kucken_.]

KEEL, k[=e]l, _n._ the part of a ship extending along the bottom from stem to stern, and supporting the whole frame: a low flat-bottomed boat: a Tyne coal-barge: a ship generally: (_bot._) the lowest petals of the corolla of a papilionaceous flower.--_v.t._ or _v.i._ to plough with a keel, to navigate: to turn keel upwards.--_n._ KEEL'AGE, dues for a keel or ship in port.--_adj._ KEELED (_bot._) keel-shaped: having a prominence on the back.--_ns._ KEEL'ER, KEEL'MAN, one who works on a barge.--_v.t._ KEEL'HAUL, to punish by hauling under the keel of a ship by ropes from the one side to the other: to treat a subordinate in a galling manner. [A.S. _ceól_, a ship; Ger. and Dut. _kiel_; prob. confused with Ice. _kiölr_, a keel.]

KEEL, k[=e]l, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to cool. [A.S. _célan_, to chill.]

KEEL, k[=e]l, _n._ (_Scot._) red chalk, ruddle.--_v.t._ to mark with ruddle. [Prob. Gael. _cil_, ruddle.]

KEELIE, k[=e]'li, _n._ (_Scot._) the kestrel: a street Arab or young rough. [Imit.]

KEELING, k[=e]'ling, _n._ (_Scot._) a codfish.

KEELIVINE, k[=e]'li-v[=i]n, _n._ (_Scot._) a lead pencil.--Also KEE'LYVINE. [See _keel_, ruddle; ety. dub.]

KEELSON, KELSON, kel'sun, _n._ an inner keel placed right over the outer keel of a ship, and securely fastened thereto. [Sw. _kölsvin_, Norw. _kjölsvill_, the latter syllable=Ger. _schwelle_, Eng. _sill_.]

KEEN, k[=e]n, _adj._ eager: sharp, having a fine edge: piercing: acute of mind: penetrating: intense.--_adv._ KEEN'LY.--_n._ KEEN'NESS. [A.S. _céne_; Ger. _kühn_, bold; Ice. _kænn_, wise. Cog. with _ken_ and _can_.]

KEEN, k[=e]n, _n._ a lamentation over the dead.--_v.i._ to wail over the dead.--_n._ KEEN'ER, a professional mourner. [Ir. _caoine_.]

KEEP, k[=e]p, _v.t._ to have the care of: to guard: to maintain: to manage: to have in one's service: to hold for one's own use or enjoyment: to remain in: to adhere to: to practise: not to lose: to maintain hold upon: to restrain from departure: to preserve in a certain state: to maintain: to fulfill.--_v.i._ to remain in any position or state: to remain fresh: to last or endure: to continue: to adhere: to have rooms at college (Cambridge):---_pr.p._ keep'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ kept.--_n._ that which keeps or protects: subsistence: food: the innermost and strongest part of a castle, the donjon: a stronghold.--_ns._ KEEP'ER, an attendant, manager, owner: a gamekeeper: socket, guard-ring; KEEP'ERSHIP, office of a keeper; KEEP'ING, care: custody: charge: (_Shak._) maintenance, support: just proportion, harmony: (_paint._) due proportion of light and shade; KEEP'ING-ROOM, a sitting-room, parlour; KEEP'SAKE, something given to be kept for the sake of the giver--the name used often to be applied to the annuals or sumptuous gift-books so much in vogue about 1830.--KEEP AN ACT, to hold an academical disputation; KEEP AN EYE ON, KEEP COMPANY, CHAPEL, COUNSEL, DISTANCE, HOURS, HOUSE, THE PEACE, &c. (see the nouns); KEEP A TERM (see TERM); KEEP AT IT, to persist in anything; KEEP BACK, to withhold: keep down, to repress (see also DARK); KEEP BODY AND SOUL TOGETHER, to maintain life; KEEP DOWN, to restrain; KEEP FROM, to abstain from: to remain away from; KEEP GOING IN a thing, to keep one supplied with it; KEEP IN, to prevent from escaping: to confine a pupil in the schoolroom after school hours: to conceal: to restrain; KEEP IN WITH, to maintain the confidence or friendship of some one; KEEP OFF, to hinder from approaching or making an attack; KEEP ONE'S COUNTENANCE, to preserve a calm appearance, hiding one's emotions; KEEP ONE'S HAND IN, to retain one's skill by means of constant practice; KEEP THE BREATH TO COOL ONE'S PORRIDGE, to confine attention to one's own affairs; KEEP THE POWDER DRY, to keep one's energies ready for action; KEEP TO, to stick closely to: to confine one's self to; KEEP UNDER, to hold down in restraint; KEEP UP, to retain one's strength or spirit: to support, prevent from falling: to continue, to prevent from ceasing: to maintain in good condition. [A.S. _cépan_, orig. to traffic, hence to store up, keep--_ceáp_, price.]

KEEVE, k[=e]v, _n._ a large tub. [A.S. _cýfe_, vat.]

KEG, keg, _n._ a small cask or barrel. [Ice. _kaggi_.]

KEIR, k[=e]r, _n._ a bleaching-vat.

KELK, kelk, _v.t._ (_prov._) to beat.--_n._ a blow.

KELL, kel, _n._ (_prov._) a film, network.

KELP, kelp, _n._ the calcined ashes of seaweed, once used in making glass.--Also KILP. [Ety. unknown.]

KELPIE, KELPY, kel'pi, _n._ (_Scot._) a malignant water-sprite haunting fords in the form of a horse.

KELSON. Same as KEELSON.

KELT, kelt, _n._ a salmon that has just spawned.

KELT, kelt, _n._ (_Scot._) cloth made of black and white wool mixed and not dyed.--_adj._ KEL'TER, made of such.

KELT, KELTIC. Same as CELT, CELTIC.

KELTIE, KELTY, kel'ti, _n._ (_Scot._) a bumper imposed as a penalty on one who does not drink fair.

KEMB, kem, _v.t._ to comb. [A.S. _cemban_, to comb.]

KEMP, kemp, _n._ the coarse rough hairs of wool: (_pl._) knotty hair which will not felt.

KEMP, kemp, _n._ (_arch._) a champion: (_Scot._) a contest in work, &c.--_v.i._ to strive for mastery.--_ns._ KEM'PER, KEM'PERY-MAN, a champion, a knight-errant. [A.S. _cempa_, a warrior. Cf. _champion_.]

KEN, ken, _v.t._ to know: (_arch._) to see and recognise at a distance.--_n._ range of knowledge or sight.--_n._ KEN'NING (_Bacon_), range of vision: (_Scot._) a small portion.--_adj._ KEN'SPECKLE (_Scot._), conspicuous--also KEN'SPECK. [Ice. _kenna_, orig. to cause to know. Cf. _can_ and _know_.]

KEN, ken, _n._ (_slang_) a house. [Perh. Pers. _kh[=a]n_, a caravansary; not conn. with _kennel_.]

KENDAL-GREEN, ken'dal-gr[=e]n, _n._ green cloth for foresters made at _Kendal_ in Westmorland.

KENNEL, ken'el, _n._ a house for dogs: a pack of hounds: the hole of a fox, &c.: a haunt.--_v.t._ to keep in a kennel.--_v.i._ to live in a kennel:--_pr.p._ kenn'elling; _pa.p._ kenn'elled. [Norm. Fr. _kenil_ (Fr. _chenil_)--L. _can[=i]le_--_canis_, a dog.]

KENNEL, ken'el, _n._ the water-course of a street: a gutter. [A form of _canal_.]

KENNEL-COAL. Same as CANNEL-COAL.

KENNICK, ken'ik, _n._ the jargon of tramping tinkers.

KENOSIS, ken-[=o]'sis, _n._ the self-limitation on the part of the Logos in the act of incarnation, his emptying of himself, or his laying aside not only his divine attributes, but even his divine self-consciousness, only to be fully recovered at the ascension.--_adj._ KENOT'IC.--_n._ KENOT'ICIST. [Gr., from the phrase in Phil. ii. 6, 7, 'who, being in the form of God ... _emptied himself_ ([Greek: heauton ekenôse]), taking the form of a servant.']

KENT, kent, _n._ (_Scot._) a pole, pike.--_v.i._ to propel a boat by a pole. [Prob. a variant of the verb _cant_.]

KENTISH, kent'ish, _adj._ pertaining to _Kent_.--_ns._ KENT'ISH-FIRE, rounds of noisy applause at political meetings--from the anti-Catholic demonstrations in _Kent_, 1828-29; KENT'ISH-RAG, a rough fossiliferous limestone found in _Kent_.

KENTLEDGE, kent'lej, _n._ pig-iron laid in a ship's hold for ballast.--Also KINT'LEDGE.

KEP, kep, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to catch. [_Keep_.]

KEPHALIC. Same as CEPHALIC.

KEPI, kep'i, _n._ a flat-topped forage-cap with a straight peak. [Fr. _képi_.]

KEPLERIAN, kep-l[=e]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to the great German astronomer, Johann _Kepler_ (1571-1630).--For KEPLER'S LAWS, see LAW.

KEPT, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _keep_.

KERAMIC. Same as CERAMIC.

KERASINE, ker'a-sin, _adj._ like or made of horn.--_ns._ KERAT[=I]'ASIS, a morbid condition characterised by warty or horny growths; KER'ATIN, a nitrogenous compound, the essential ingredient of horny tissue, as of horns, nails, &c. [Gr. _keras_, a horn.]

KERATITIS, ker-a-t[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation of the cornea, either acute or chronic.--_n._ KERATAL'GIA, pain in the cornea.

KERBSTONE, k[.e]rb'st[=o]n, _n._ a form of curbstone.

KERCHIEF, k[.e]r'chif, _n._ any loose cloth used in dress: (_orig._) a square piece of cloth worn by women to cover the head.--_v.t._ to cover or dress with a kerchief.--_adjs._ KER'CHIEFED, KER'CHIEFT. [M. E. _couerchef_--O. Fr. _covrechef_ (Fr. _couvrechef_)--_covrir_, to cover, _chef_, the head.]

KERF, kerf, _n._ the groove made by a saw: wool cut off at once by a wool-shearing machine: a single layer of hay, turf, &c., cut.

KERION, k[=e]'ri-on, _n._ a suppurative inflammation of the hair-follicles of the scalp. [Gr.]

KERITE, k[=e]'r[=i]t, _n._ a kind of artificial vulcanite of india-rubber and animal or vegetable oil. [Gr. _k[=e]ros_, wax.]

KERMES, k[.e]r'm[=e]z, _n._ a dye-stuff which consists of the bodies of the females of a species of coccus. [Pers.]

KERMESS, k[.e]r'mes, _n._ a wake or fair in the Low Countries. [Dut. _kermis_--_kerk_, church, _mis_, mass.]

KERN. See QUERN.

KERN, k[.e]rn _n._ (_Scot._) the last sheaf of the harvest: a harvest-home--also KIRN.--_n._ KERN'-B[=A]'BY, an image decorated with blades of corn, &c., carried before reapers at their harvest-home. [A variant of _corn_.]

KERN, KERNE, k[.e]rn, _n._ an Irish foot-soldier: a boor.--_adj._ KERN'ISH, clownish. [Ir. _ceatharnach_.]

KERN, k[.e]rn, _v.i._ to granulate.

KERN, k[.e]rn, _n._ (_print._) that part of a type which overhangs the stem or shank.

KERNEL, k[.e]r'nel, _n._ anything in a husk or shell: the substance in the shell of a nut: the seed of a pulpy fruit: the important part of anything.--_adj._ KER'NELLY, full of, or resembling, kernels. [A.S. _cyrnel_--_corn_, grain, and dim. suffix _-el_; Ger. _kern_, a grain.]

KEROSENE, ker'o-s[=e]n, _n._ an oil obtained from bituminous coal, used for lamps, &c. [Gr. _k[=e]ros_, wax.]

KERSEY, k[.e]r'zi, _n._ a coarse woollen cloth. [Perh. from _Kersey_ in Suffolk.]

KERSEYMERE, k[.e]r'zi-m[=e]r or k[.e]r-zi-m[.e]r', _n._ twilled cloth of the finest wools. [A corr. of _cassimere_, _cashmere_.]

KERVE, k[.e]rv, _v.t._ (_Spens._) a form of carve.

KESAR, k[=e]'zar, _n._ Same as KAISER.

KESTREL, kes'trel, _n._ a small species of falcon. [O. Fr. _quercerelle_--L. _querquedula_.]

KET, ket, _n._ (_Scot._) carrion. [Ice. _kjöt_.]

KET, ket, _n._ matted wool. [Scot.]

KETCH, kech, _n._ a small two-masted vessel, generally used as a yacht or a bomb-vessel. [Corr. from Turk. _qaíq_, a boat, whence Fr. _caïque_.]

KETCHUP, kech'up, _n._ a sauce for flavouring soups, meats, &c., flavoured with mushrooms, tomatoes, &c.--Also CATCH'UP, CAT'SUP. [East Ind. _kitjap_.]

KETTLE, ket'l, _n._ a vessel of metal, for heating or boiling liquids: a cavity like a kettle in rock, sand, &c.: (_Shak._) kettle-drum.--_ns._ KETT'LE-DRUM, a musical instrument now used chiefly in orchestras and in cavalry bands, consisting of a hollow brass hemisphere with a parchment head, sounded by soft-headed elastic drumsticks: a tea-party; KETT'LE-DRUM'MER; KETT'LE-HOLD'ER, a little mat, &c., for holding a kettle when hot.--_n.pl._ KETT'LE-PINS, skittle-pins.--A KETTLE OF FISH, or A PRETTY KETTLE OF FISH, a task of great difficulty, an awkward mess--most probably in this sense connected with _kiddle_. [A.S. _cetel_; Ger. _kessel_, Goth. _katils_; all perh. from L. _catillus_, dim. of _catinus_, a deep cooking-vessel.]

KEX, keks, _n._ the dry stalk of the hemlock or other umbelliferous plants.--Also KECKS, KECK'SY (prop. _adj._), and KECK.