Chapter X: Part 10

=Hector of the Mist=, an outlaw, killed by Allan M’Aulay.—Sir W. Scott, _Legend of Montrose_ (time, Charles I.).

=Hectors=, street bullies. Since the Restoration, we have had a succession of street brawlers, as the Muns, the Tityre Tus, the Hectors, the Scourers, the Nickers, the Hawcabites, and, lastly, the Mohawks, worst of them all.

=Heeltap= (_Crispin_), a cobbler, and one of the corporation of Garratt, of which Jerry Sneak is chosen mayor,—S. Foote, _The Mayor of Garratt_ (1763).

=Heep= (_Uriah_), a detestable sneak, who is everlastingly forcing on one’s attention that he is so _’umble._ Uriah is Mr. Wickfield’s clerk, and, with all his ostentatious ’umility, is most designing, malignant, and intermeddling. His infamy is dragged to light by Mr. Micawber.

=Herr Piper=, “representative in New Swedeland of the Great Gustavus, the bulwark of the Protestant Religion,” and a mighty stickler for forms and ceremonies appertaining to the office.—James Kirke Paulding, _Königsmarke_ (1823).

=Heidelberg= (_Mrs._), the widow of a wealthy Dutch merchant, who kept her brother’s house (Mr. Sterling, a city merchant). She was very vulgar, and “knowing the strength of her purse, domineered on the credit of it.” Mrs. Heidelberg had most exalted notions “of the quality,” and a “perfect contempt for everything that did not smack of high life.” Her English was certainly faulty, as the following specimens will show:—_farden_, _wolgar_, _spurrit_, _pertest_, _Swish_, _kivers_, _purliteness_, etc. She spoke of a _pictur by Raphael-Angelo_, a _po-shay_, _dish-abille_, _parfect naturals_ [idiots], _most genteelest_, and so on. When thwarted in her overbearing ways, she threatened to leave the house and go to Holland to live with her husband’s cousin, Mr. Vanderspracken.—Colman and Garrick, _The Clandestine Marriage_ (1766).

=Heimdall= (_2 syl._), in Celtic mythology, was the son of nine virgin sisters. He dwelt in the celestial Fort Himinsbiorg, under the extremity of the rainbow. His ear was so acute that he could hear “the wool grow on the sheep’s back, and the grass in the meadows.” Heimdall was the watch or sentinel of Asgard (_Olympus_), and even in his sleep was able to see everything that happened (See FINE-EAR).

_Heimdall’s Horn._ At the end of the world, Heimdall will wake the gods with his horn, when they will be attacked by Muspell, Loki, the wolf Fenris, and the serpent Jormunsgandar.

And much he talked of...
And Heimdal’s horn and the day of doom.
Longfellow, _The Wayside Inn_ (interlude, 1631).

=Heinrich= (_Poor_), or “Poor Henry,” the hero and title of a poem by Hartmann von der Aue [_Our_]. Heinrich was a rich nobleman, struck with leprosy, and was told he would never recover till some virgin of spotless purity volunteered to die on his behalf. As Heinrich neither hoped nor even wished for such a sacrifice, he gave the main part of his possessions to the poor, and went to live with a poor tenant farmer, who was one of his vassals. The daughter of this farmer heard by accident on what the cure of the leper depended, and went to Salerno to offer herself as the victim. No sooner was the offer made than the lord was cured, and the damsel became his wife (twelfth century).

⁂ This tale forms the subject of Longfellow’s _Golden Legend_ (1851).

=Heir-at-Law.= Baron Dubeley being dead, his “heir-at-law” was Henry Morland, supposed to be drowned at sea, and the next heir was Daniel Dowlas, a chandler of Gosport. Scarcely had Daniel been raised to his new dignity, when Henry Morland, who had been cast on Cape Breton, made his appearance, and the whole aspect of affairs was changed. That Dowlas might still live in comfort, suitable to his limited ambition, the heir of the barony settled on him a small life annuity.—G. Colman, _Heir-at-law_, (1797).

=Hel´a=, queen of the dead. She is daughter of Loki and Angurbo´da (a giantess). Her abode, called Helheim, was a vast castle in Niflheim, in the midst of eternal snow and darkness.

Down the yawning steep he rode,
That leads to Hela’s drear abode.
Gray, _Descent of Odin_ (1757).

=Helen=, wife of Menelāos of Sparta. She eloped with Paris, a Trojan prince, while he was the guest of the Spartan king. Menelaos, to avenge this wrong, induced the allied armies of Greece to invest Troy; and after a siege of ten years, the city was taken and burnt to the ground.

⁂ A parallel incident occurred in Ireland. Dervorghal, wife of Tiernan O’Ruark, an Irish chief who held the county of Leitrim, eloped with Dermod M’Murchad, prince of Leinster. Tiernan induced O’Connor, king of Connaught, to avenge this wrong. So O’Connor drove Dermod from his throne. Dermod applied to Henry II. of England, and this was the incident which brought about the conquest of Ireland (1172).—Leland, _History of Ireland_ (1773).

_Helen_, the heroine of Miss Edgeworth’s novel of the same name. This was her last and most popular tale (1834).

_Helen_, cousin of Modus, the bookworm. She loved her cousin, and taught him there was a better “art of love” than that written by Ovid.—S. Knowles, _The Hunchback_ (1831).

_Helen Lorrington._ Accomplished young widow, Anne Douglas’s intimate friend. She is the semi-betrothed of _Ward Heathcote_, who nevertheless considers himself free to woo Anne. After many complications, Heathcote, believing Anne already married becomes Helen’s husband. The latter is murdered a year or two later under circumstances that cast suspicion upon Heathcote. Through Anne’s efforts and testimony he is acquitted, and finally marries her.—Constance Fennimore Woolson, _Anne_ (1882).

_Helen_ (_Lady_), in love with Sir Edward Mortimer. Her uncle insulted Sir Edward in a county assembly, struck him down, and trampled on him. Sir Edward, returning home, encountered the drunken ruffian and murdered him. He was tried for the crime, and acquitted “without a stain upon his character;” but the knowledge of the deed preyed upon his mind so that he could not marry the niece of the murdered man. After leading a life of utter wretchedness, Sir Edward told Helen that he was the murderer of her uncle, and died.—G. Colman, _The Iron Chest_ (1796).

_Helen_ [MOWBRAY], in love with Walsingham. “Of all grace the pattern—person, feature, mind, heart, everything as nature had essayed to frame a work where none could find a flaw.” Allured by Lord Athunree to a house of ill-fame, under pretence of doing a work of charity, she was seen by Walsingham as she came out, and he abandoned her as a wanton. She then assumed male attire, with the name of Eustace. Walsingham became her friend, was told that Eustace was Helen’s brother, and finally discovered that Eustace was Helen herself. The mystery being cleared up, they became man and wife.—S. Knowles, _Woman’s Wit, etc._ (1838).

=Helen’s Fire= (_feu d’Hélène_), a comazant called “St. Helme’s” or “St. Elmo’s fire” by the Spaniards; the “fires of St. Peter and St. Nicholas” by the Italians; and “Castor and Pollux” by the ancient Romans. This electric light will sometimes play about the masts of ships. If only one appears, foul weather may be looked for; but if two or more flames appear, the worst of the storm is over.

_Helen_ (_Rolleston_), heroine of Charles Reade’s novel, _Foul Play_. She is betrothed to Wardlaw, chief villain of the story, and sets out on a sea-voyage to restore her health; is shipwrecked and cast on an island with Herbert Penfold. After their return to England, she rights the wronged Penfold, and punishes Wardlaw.

_Helen_, wife of _John Ward, Preacher_. Her husband is a Calvinist of a pronounced type; she a believer in Universal Salvation. The spiritual agonies to which they are subjected by the difference in creeds, separate them for a while and are the moving cause of John Ward’s death. He passes away, convinced that “his death is to be the climax of GOD’S plans for her.”—Margaret Deland, _John Ward, Preacher_ (1888).

=Hel´ena= (_St._), daughter of Coel, duke Colchester, and afterwards king of Britain. She married Constantius (a Roman senator, who succeeded “Old King Cole”), and became the mother of Constantine the Great. Constantius died at York (a.d. 306). Helena is said to have discovered at Jerusalem the sepulchre and cross of Jesus Christ.—Geoffrey, _British History_ v. 6 (1142).

⁂ This legend is told of the Colchester arms, which consist of a cross and three crowns (two atop and one at the foot of the cross).

At a considerable depth beneath the surface of the earth were found three crosses which were instantly recognized as those on which Christ and the two thieves had suffered death. To ascertain which was the _true cross_, a female corpse was placed on all three alternately; the two first tried produced no effect, but the third instantly reanimated the body.—J. Brady, _Clavis Calendaria_, 181.

Herself in person went to seek that holy cross
Whereon our Saviour died, which found, as it was sought;
From Salem unto Rome triumphantly she brought.
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, viii. (1612).

_Helena_, only daughter of Gerard de Narbon, the physician. She was left under the charge of the countess of Rousillon, whose son Bertram she fell in love with. The king sent for Bertram to the palace, and Helena, hearing the king was ill, obtained permission of the countess to give him a prescription left by her late father. The medicine cured the king, and the king, in gratitude, promised to make her the wife of any one of his courtiers that she chose. Helena selected Bertram, and they were married; but the haughty count, hating the alliance, left France, to join the army of the duke of Florence. Helena, in the mean time, started on a pilgrimage to the shrine of St. Jacques le Grand, carrying with her a letter from her husband, stating that he would never see her more “till she could get the ring from off his finger.” On her way to the shrine, she lodged at Florence with a widow, the mother of Diana, with whom Bertram was wantonly in love. Helena was permitted to pass herself off as Diana, and received his visits, in one of which they exchanged rings. Both soon after this returned to the Countess de Rousillon, where the king was, and the king, seeing on Bertram’s finger the ring which he gave to Helena, had him arrested on suspicion of murder. Helena now explained the matter, and all was well, for all ended well.—Shakespeare, _All’s Well that ends Well_ (1598).

Helena is a young woman, seeking a man in marriage. The ordinary laws of courtship are reversed, the habitual feelings are violated; yet with such exquisite address this dangerous subject is handled that Helena’s forwardness loses her no honor. Delicacy dispenses with her laws in her favor.—C. Lamb.

_Helena_, a young Athenian lady, in love with Demētrius. She was the playmate of Her´mia, with whom she grew up, as “two cherries on one stalk.” Egēus (_3 syl._), the father of Hermia, promised his daughter in marriage to Demetrius; but when Demetrius saw that Hermia loved Lysander, he turned to Helena, who loved him dearly, and married her.—Shakespeare, _Midsummer Night’s Dream_ (1592).

=Hel´inore= (_Dame_), wife of Malbecco, who was jealous of her, and not without cause. When Sir Paridel, Sir Sat´yrane (_3 syl._), and Britomart (as the squire of Dames) took refuge in Malbecco’s house, Dame Helinore and Sir Paridel had many “false belgardes” at each other, and talked love with glances which needed no interpreter. Helinore, having set fire to the closet where Malbecco kept his treasures, eloped with Paridel, while the old miser stopped to put out the fire. Paridel soon tired of the dame, and cast her off, leaving her to roam whither she listed. She was taken up by the satyrs, who made her their dairy-woman, and crowned her queen of the May.—Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, iii. 9, 10 (1590).

Viridi colore est gemma helitropion, non ita acuto sed nubilo magis et represso, stellis puniceis superspersa. Causa nominis de effectu lapidis est et potestate. Dejecta in labris æneis radios solis mutat sanguineo repercussu, utraque aqua splendorem aëris abjicit et avertit. Etiam illud posse dicitur, ut _herba_ ejusdem nominis mixta et præcantationibus legitimis consecrata eum, a quocunque gestabitur, subtrahat visibus obviorum.—Solinus, _Geog._, xl.

=Helisane de Crenne=, contemporary with Pâquier. She wrote her own biography, including the “history of her own death.”—_Angoisses Doloureuses_ (Lyons, 1546).

=Hel Keplein=, a mantle of invisibility, belonging to the dwarf-king Laurin. (See Invisibility.)—_The Heldenbuch_ (thirteenth century).

=Hell=, according to Mohammedan belief is divided into seven compartments: (1) for Mohammedans, (2) for Jews, (3) for Christians, (4) for Sabians, (5) for Magians, (6) for idolaters, (7) for hypocrites. All but idolaters and unbelievers will be in time released from torment.

_Hell_, Dantê says, is a vast funnel divided into eight circles, with ledges more or less rugged. Each circle, of course, is narrower that the one above, and the last goes down to the very centre of the earth. Before the circles begin, there is a neutral land and a limbo. In the neutral land wander those not bad enough for hell nor good enough for heaven; in the limbo, those who knew no sin but were not baptized Christians. Coming then to hell proper, circle 1, he says, is compassed by the river Achĕron, and in this division of inferno dwell the spirits of the heathen philosophers. Circle 2 is presided over by Minos, and here are the spirits of those guilty of carnal and sinful love. Circle 3 is guarded by Cerbĕrus, and this is the region set apart for gluttons. Circle 4, presided over by Plutus, is the realm of the avaricious. Circle 5 contains the Stygian Lake, and here flounder in deep mud those who in life put no restraint on their anger. Circle 6 (in the city of Dis) is for those who did violence to man by force or fraud. Circle 7 (in the city of Dis) is for suicides. Circle 8 (also in the city of Dis) is for blasphemers and heretics. After the eight circles comes the ten pits or chasms of Malebolgê (_4 syl._), the last of which is the centre of the earth, and here he says is the frozen river of Cocy´tus. (See INFERNO.)

=Hellespont.= Leander used to swim across the Hellespont to visit Hero, a priestess of Sestos. Lord Byron and Lieutenant Ekenhead repeated the feat and accomplished it in seventy minutes, the distance being four miles (allowing for drifting).

He could perhaps have passed the Hellespont,
As once (a feat on which ourselves we prided)
Leander, Mr. Ekenhead, and I did.
Byron, _Don Juan_, ii. 105 (1819).

=Hellica´nus=, the able and honest minister of Per´iclês, to whom he left the charge of Tyre during his absence. Being offered the crown, Hellicānus nobly declined the offer, and remained faithful to the prince throughout.—Shakespeare, _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_ (1608).

=Helmet of Invisibility.= The helmet of Perseus (_2 syl._) rendered the wearer invisible. This was in reality the “Helmet of Ha´dès,” and after Perseus had slain Medu´sa he restored it, together with the winged sandals and magic wallet. The “gorgon’s head” he presented to Minerva, who placed it in the middle of her ægis. (See INVISIBILITY.)

⁂ Mambrīno’s helmet had the same magical power, though Don Quixote, even in his midsummer madness, never thought himself invisible when he donned the barber’s basin.

=Heloise.= _La Nouvelle Héloïse_, a romance by Jean Jacques Rousseau (1761).

=He´mera=, sister of Prince Memnon, mentioned by Dictys Cretensis. Milton, in his _Il Penseroso_, speaks of “Prince Memnon’s sister” (1638).

=Hem´junah=, princess of Cassimir´, daughter of the Sultan Zebene´zer; betrothed at the age of 13 to the prince of Georgia. As Hemjunah had never seen the prince, she ran away to avoid a forced marriage, and was changed by Ulin, the enchanter, into a toad. In this form she became acquainted with Misnar, sultan of India, who had likewise been transformed into a toad by Ulin. Misnar was disenchanted by a dervise, and slew Ulin; whereupon the princess recovered her proper shape, and returned home. A rebellion broke out in Cassimir, but the “angel of death” destroyed the rebel army, and Zebenezer was restored to his throne. His surprise was unbounded when he found that the prince of Georgia and the sultan of India were one and the same person; and Hemjunah said, “Be assured, O Sultan, that I shall not refuse the hand of the prince of Georgia, even if my father commands my obedience.”—Sir C. Morell [J. Ridly] _Tales of the Genii_ (“Princess of Cassimir,” vii., 1751).

=Hemlock.= Socratês _the Wise_ and Phocion _the Good_ were both by the Athenians condemned to death by hemlock juice, Socratês at the age of 70 (B.C. 399) and Phocion at the age of 85 (B.C. 317).

=Hemps´kirke= (_2 syl._), a captain serving under Wolfort, the usurper of the earldom of Flanders.—Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Beggar’s Bush_ (1622).

=Henderson= (_Rodney syl._), representative American who makes money by unscrupulous operations in stocks.—Charles Dudley Warner, _A Little Journey in the World_ (1889).

_Henderson (Elias) syl._, chaplain at Lochleven Castle.—Sir W. Scott, _The Abbot_ (time, Elizabeth).

=Henneberg= (_Count syl._). One day a beggar-woman asked Count Henneberg’s wife for alms. The countess twitted her for carrying twins, whereupon the woman cursed her, with the assurance that “her ladyship should be the mother of 365 children.” The legend says that the countess bore them at one birth, but none of them lived any length of time. All the girls were named _Elizabeth_, and all the boys _John_. They are buried, we are told, at the Hague.

=Henrietta Maria=, widow of King Charles I., introduced in Sir W. Scott’s _Peveril of the Peak_ (1823).

=Henrietta Street=, Cavendish Square, London, is so called in compliment to Henrietta Cavendish, daughter of John Holles, duke of Newcastle, and wife of Edward, second earl of Oxford and Mortimer. From these come “Edward Street,” “Henrietta Street,” “Cavendish Square,” and “Holles Street.”

=Henriette= (_3 syl._), daughter of Chrysale (_2 syl._) and Philaminte (_3 syl._). She is in love with Clitandre, and ultimately becomes his wife. Philaminte, who is a blue-stocking, wants Henriette to marry Trissotin, a _bel esprit_; and Armande the sister, also a _bas bleu_, thinks that Henriette ought to devote her life to science and philosophy; but Henriette loves woman’s work far better, and thinks that her natural province is domestic life, with wifely and motherly duties. Her father Chrysale takes the same views of woman’s life as his daughter Henriette, but he is quite under the thumb of his strong-minded wife. However love at last prevails, and Henriette is given in marriage to the man of her choice. The French call Henriette “the type of a perfect woman,” _i.e._, a thorough woman.—Molière, _Les Femmes Savantes_ (1672).

=Henrique= (_Don_), an uxorious lord, cruel to his younger brother Don Jamie. Don Henrique is the father of Asca´nio, and the supposed husband of Violan´te (_4 syl._).—Beaumont and Fletcher, _The Spanish Curate_ (1622).

=Henri=, boy, four years old, who, finding his friend “the doctor” bound naked to a trestle to which he was strapped by pirates, follows his directions and gnaws asunder the strips of raw hide tying the victim down, and frees him.—Henry Augustus Wise, U.S.N., _Captain Brand of the Schooner Centipede_ (1864).

=Henry=, a soldier engaged to Louisa. Some rumors of gallantry to Henry’s disadvantage having reached the village, he is told that Louisa is about to be married to another. In his despair he gives himself up as a deserter, and is condemned to death. Louisa now goes to the king, explains to him the whole matter, obtains her sweetheart’s pardon, and reaches the jail just as the muffled drum begins to beat the death march.—Dibdin, _The Deserter_ (1770).

_Henry_, son of Sir Philip Blandford’s brother. Both the brothers loved the same lady, but the younger marrying her, Sir Philip, in his rage, stabbed him, as it was thought, mortally. In due time, the young “widow” had a son (Henry) a very high-minded, chivalrous young man, greatly beloved by every one. After twenty years, his father re-appeared under the name of Morrington, and Henry married his cousin Emma Blandford.—Thom. Morton, _Speed the Plough_ (1798).

_Henry_ (_Poor_), prince of Hoheneck, in Bavaria. Being struck with leprosy, he quitted his lordly castle, gave largely to the poor, and retired to live with a small cottage farmer named Gottlieb [_Got.leeb_], one of his vassals. He was told that he would never be cured till a virgin, chaste and spotless, offered to die on his behalf. Elsie, the farmer’s daughter, offered herself, and after great resistance, the prince accompanied her to Salerno to complete the sacrifice. When he arrived at the city, either the exercise, the excitement, or the charm of some relic, no matter what, had effected an entire cure, and when he took Elsie into the cathedral, the only sacrifice she had to make was that of her maiden name for Lady Alicia, wife of Prince Henry of Hoheneck.—Hartmann von der Aue (minnesinger), _Poor Henry_ (twelfth century).

⁂ This tale is the subject of Longfellow’s _Golden Legend_ (1851).

_Henry_ (_Patrick_), Virginian orator, who, in the House of Burgesses, first raised the cry of “Liberty or Death” in the struggle of the American Colonies for Independence.

Patrick Henry’s first legal triumph was in November, 1763, in the since famous _Parson’s Cause_.

“In the language of those who heard him on this occasion, ‘he made their blood run cold, and their hair to rise on end ...’”

“The jury seem to have been so completely bewildered, that, thoughtless even of the admitted right of the plaintiff, they had scarcely left the bar when they returned with a verdict of _one penny_ damages.”—William Wirt, _Life of Patrick Henry_ (1818).

_Henry_ (_Prince_), Bernardine du Born, arraigned for treason, replies to King Henry’s questions,

“Hath reason quite forsook thy breast?”

with

“My reason failed, my gracious liege,
The year Prince Henry died.”

The king, smitten by memories of his son, whose chosen intimate Bernardine was, forgives the offender:—

“For the dear sake of the dead
Go forth—unscathed and free.”
Lydia Huntley Sigourney, _Poems_ (1836).

=Henry II.=, king of England, introduced by Sir W. Scott, both in _The Betrothed_ and in _The Talisman_ (1825).

=Henry V.=, Shakespeare’s drama, founded on _The Famous Victories of Henry V.: containing the Honorable Battle of Agincourt. As it is plaide by the Queenes Magesties players_, 1598. Shakespeare’s play appeared in print in 1600 (quarto).

=Henry VI.=, Shakespeare’s dramas of this reign are founded on _The First Part of the Contention betwixt the two Famous Houses of Yorke and Lancaster, with the Death of the Good Duke Humphrey, etc. As it was sundry times acted by the Right Honorable the Earle of Pembroke his Servants_, 1600.

Another. _The True Tragedie of Richard Duke of Yorke, and the Death of Good Henri VI., etc. As it was sundry times acted ..._ (as above).

=Henry VIII. and Anne Boleyn.= Anne Boleyn was the second wife of Henry VIII. He divorced Katharine of Aragon in order to marry Anne; wearied of her in turn, and had her beheaded in 1536.

=He´par=, the Liver personified, the arch-city in _The Purple Island_, by Phineas Fletcher. Fully described in canto iii. (1633).

=Hephæs´tos=, the Greek name for Vulcan. The Vulcanic period of geology is that unknown period before the creation of man, when the molten granite and buried metals were upheaved by internal heat, through the overlying strata, sometimes even to the very surface of the earth.

The early dawn and dusk of Time.
The reign of dateless old Hephæstus.
Longfellow, _The Golden Legend_ (1851).

=Hepzibah= (_Pyncheon_), gentlewoman, reduced to the necessity of keeping a small shop in the ancient homestead. She idolizes her brother _Clifford_, a melancholy, refined man, who, terrified by an empty threat of his cousin, Judge Pyncheon, flees the house. Hepzibah goes with him. Recovering from their panic, they return in time to avoid the suspicion of having caused the Judge’s sudden death, which makes them rich.—Nathaniel Hawthorne, _House of the Seven Gables_ (1851).

=Herbert= (_Sir William_), friend of Sir Hugo de Lacy.—Sir W. Scott, _The Betrothed_ (time, Henry II.).

=Her´culês= shot Nessus for offering insult to his wife Dei´-j-a-nī-ra, and the dying centaur told Deijanira that if she dipped in his blood her husband’s shirt, she would secure his love forever. Herculês, being about to offer sacrifice, sent Lichas for the shirt; but no sooner was it warmed by the heat of his body than it caused such excruciating agony that the hero went mad, and seizing Lichas, he flung him into the sea.

_Herculés Mad_ is the subject of a Greek tragedy by Eurip´idês, and of a Latin one by Sen´eca.

As when Alcīdês ... felt the envenomed robe, and tore,
Thro’ pain, up by the roots Thessalian pines,
And Lichas from the top of Œta [_a mount_] threw
Into the Euboic Sea [_The Archipelago_].
Milton, _Paradise Lost_, ii. 542, etc. [1665].

⁂ Diodōrus says there were three Herculêses; Cicero recognizes six (three of which were Greeks, one Egyptian, one Cretan, and one Indian); Varro says there were forty-three.

_Herculés’s Choice_. When Herculês was a young man, he was accosted by two women, Pleasure and Virtue, and asked to choose which he would follow. Pleasure promised him all carnal delights, but Virtue promised him immortality. Herculês gave his hand to the latter, and hence led a life of great toil, but was ultimately received amongst the immortals.—Xenophon.

⁂ Mrs. Barbauld has borrowed this allegory, but instead of Herculês has substituted Melissa, “a young girl,” who is accosted by Dissipation and Housewifery. While she is somewhat in doubt which to follow, Dissipation’s mask falls off, and immediately Melissa beholds such a “wan and ghastly countenance,” that she turns away in horror, and gives her hand to the more sober of the two ladies.—_Evenings at Home_, xix. (1795).

_Herculês’s Horse_, Arion, given him by Adrastos. It had the gift of human speech, and its feet on the right side were those of a man.

_Herculês’s Pillars_, Calpê and Ab´yla, one at Gibraltar and the other at Ceuta (_3 syl._). They were torn asunder by Alcīdês on his route to Gadês (_Cadiz_).

_Herculês’s Ports_: (1) “Herculis Corsani Portus” (now called _Porto-Ercolo_, in Etruria); (2) “Herculis Liburni Portus” (now called _Livorno_, _i.e._ Leghorn); (3) “Herculis Monœci-Portus” (now called _Monaco_, near Nice).

_Herculês (The Attic)_, Theseus (_2 syl._), who went about, like Herculês, destroying robbers, and performing most wonderful exploits.

_Herculês (The Cretan)._ All the three Idæan Dactyls were so called: viz., Kelmis (“the smelter”), Damnamĕneus (“the hammer”), and Acmon (“the anvil”).

_Herculês (The Egyptian)_, Sesostris (fl. B.C. 1500). Another was Som or Chon, called by Pausanias, Macĕris, son of Amon.

_Herculês (The English)_, Guy, earl of Warwick (890-958).

Warwick ... thou English Herculês.
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xiii. (1613).

_Herculês (The Farnesê)_, a statue, the work of Glykon, copied from one by Lysip´pos, called Farnesê, because formerly in the Farnesê palace in Rome with the Farnesê Bull, the Flora, and the Gladiator. All but the Gladiator are now in the Naples Museum. The Gladiator is in the British Museum. The “Farnesê Herculês” represents the hero exhausted by toil, leaning on his club; and in his left hand, which rests on his back, he holds one of the apples of the Hesperĭdês.

⁂ A copy of this famous statue stands in the Tuileries gardens of Paris. An excellent description of the statue is given by Thomson, in his _Liberty_, iv.

_Herculês_ (_The Indian_), Dorsănês, who married Pandæa, and became the progenitor of the Indian kings. Belus is sometimes called “The Indian Herculês.”

_Herculês_ (_The Jewish_), Samson (died B.C. 113).

_Herculês_ (_The Russian_), Rustum.

_Herculês_ (_The Swedish_), Starchatĕrus (first Christian century).

=Hercules of Music=, Christoph von Glück (1714-1787).

=Herculês Secundus.= Commŏdus, the Roman emperor, gave himself this title. He was a gigantic idiot, who killed 100 lions, and overthrew 1000 gladiators in the amphitheatre (161, 180-195).

=Heren-Suge= (_The_), a seven-headed hydra of Basque mythology, like the Deccan cobras.

=Heretics= (_Hammer of_), Pierre d’Ailly (1350-1425).

John Faber is also called “The Hammer of Heretics,” from the title of one of his works (*-1541).

_Heretics_ (_Scientific_).

_Feargal_, bishop of Saltzburg, an Irishman, was denounced as a heretic for asserting the existence of antipodês (*-784).

_Galileo_, the astronomer, was cast into prison for maintaining the “heretical opinion” that the earth moved round the sun (1564-1642).

_Giordano Bruno_ was burnt alive for maintaining that matter is the mother of all things (1550-1600).

=Her´eward= (_3 syl._), one of the Varangian guard of Alexius Comnēnus, emperor of Greece.—Sir W. Scott, _Count Robert of Paris_ (time, Rufus).

=Hereward the Wake= (or _Vigilant_), lord of Born, in Lincolnshire. He plundered and burnt the abbey of Peterborough (1070); established his camp in the Isle of Ely, where he was joined by Earl Morcar (1071); he was blockaded for three months by William I., but made his escape with some of his followers. This is the name and subject of one of Kingsley’s novels.

=Her´iot= (_Master George_), goldsmith to James I.; guardian of Lady Hermionê.—Sir W. Scott, _Fortunes of Nigel_ (time, James I.).

=Herman=, a deaf and dumb boy, jailer of the dungeon of the Giant’s Mount. Meeting Ulrica, he tries to seize her, when a flash of lightning strikes the bridge on which he stands, and Herman is thrown into the torrent.—E. Stirling, _The Prisoner of State_ (1847).

_Herman (Sir)_, of Goodalicke, one of the perceptors of the Knights Templars.—Sir W. Scott, _Ivanhoe_ (time, Richard I.).

=Hermann=, the hero of Goethe’s poem _Hermann and Dorothea_. Goethe tells us that the object of this poem is to “show as in a mirror, the great movements and changes of the world’s stage.”

=Hermaph´rodite= (_4 syl._), son of Venus and Mercury. At the age of 15, he bathed in a fountain of Caria, when Sal´macis, the fountain nymph, fell in love with him, and prayed the gods to make the two one body. Her prayers being heard, the two became united into one, but still preserved the double sex.

Not that bright spring where fair Hermaphrodite
Grew into one with wanton Salmacis ...
... may dare compare with this.
Phin. Fletcher, _The Purple Island_, v. (1633).

=Hermegild or Hermyngyld=, wife of the lord-constable of Northumberland. She was converted by Constance, but was murdered by a knight whose suit had been rejected by the young guest, in order to bring her into trouble. The villainy being discovered, the knight was executed, and Constance married the king, whose name was Alla. Hermegild, at the bidding of Constance, restored sight to a blind Briton.—Chaucer, _Canterbury Tales_ (“Man of Law’s Tale,” 1388).

(The word is spelt “Custaunce” 7 times, “Constance” 15 times, and “Constaunce” 17 times, in the tale.)

_Hermegild_, a friend of Oswald, in love with Gartha (Oswald’s sister). He was a man in the middle age of life, of counsel sage, and great prudence. When Hubert (the brother of Oswald) and Gartha wished to stir up a civil war to avenge the death of Oswald, who had been slain in single combat with Prince Gondibert, Hermegild wisely deterred them from the rash attempt, and diverted the anger of the camp by funeral obsequies of a most imposing character. The tale of Gondibert being unfinished, the sequel is not known.—Sir W. Davenant, _Gondibert_ (died 1668).

=Her´mês= (_2 syl._), son of Maia; patron of commerce. Akenside makes Hermês say to the Thames, referring to the merchant ships of England:

By you [_ships_] my function and my honored name
Do I possess; while o’er the Bætic vale,
Or thro’ the towers of Memphis, or the palms
By sacred Ganges watered, I conduct
The English merchant.
Akenside, _Hymn to the Naiads_ (1767).

(The Bætis is the Guadalquiver, and the Bætic vale Granāda and Andalucia).

_Her´mês_ (_2 syl._), the same as Mercury, and applied both to the god and to the metal. Milton calls quicksilver “volatil Hermês.”

So when we see the liquid metal fall,
Which chemists by the name of Hermes call.
Hoole’s _Ariosto_, viii.

_Hermês (St.)_, same as St. Elmo, Suerpo Santo, Castor and Pollux, etc. A comazant or electric light, seen occasionally on ship’s masts.

“They shall see the fire which saylors call St. Hermes, fly uppon their shippe, and alight upon the toppe of the mast.”—De Loier, _Treatise of Spectres,_ 67 (1605).

=Hermês Trismegis´tus= (_Hermês “thrice-greatest”_), the Egyptian Thoth, to whom is ascribed a host of inventions: as the art of writing in hieroglyphics, the first Egyptian code of laws, the art of harmony, the science of astrology, the invention of the late and lyre, magic, etc. (twentieth century B.C.).

The school of Hermês Trismegistus,
Who uttered his oracles sublime
Before the Olympiads.
Longfellow, _The Golden Legend_ (1851).

=Her´mesind= (_3 syl._), daughter of Pelayo and Gaudio´sê. She was plighted to Alphonso, son of Lord Pedro of Cantabria. Both Alphonso and Hermesind at death were buried in the cave of St. Antony, in Covadonga.

=Her´mia=, daughter of Ege´us (_3 syl._) of Athens, and promised by him in marriage to Demētrius. As Hermia loved Lysander, and refused to marry Demetrius, her father summoned her before the duke, and requested that the “law of the land” might be carried out, which was death or perpetual virginity. The duke gave Hermia four days to consider the subject, at the expiration of which time she was either to obey her father or lose her life. She now fled from Athens with Lysander. Demetrius went in pursuit of her, and Helĕna, who doted on Demetrius, followed. All four came to a wood, and falling asleep from weariness, had a dream about the fairies. When Demetrius woke up, he came to his senses, and seeing that Hermia loved another, consented to marry Helena; and Egēus gladly gave the hand of his daughter to Lysander.—Shakespeare, _Midsummer Night’s Dream_ (1592).

=Herm´ion=, the young wife of Damon “the Pythagore´an” and senator of Syracuse.—J. Banium, _Damon and Pythias_ (1825).

_Hermionê_ (_4 syl._) or Harmo´nia, wife of Cadmus. Leaving Thebes, Cadmus and his wife went to Illyr´ia, and were both changed into serpents for having killed a serpent sacred to Mars.—Ovid, _Metamorphoses_, iv. 590, etc.

Never since of serpent-kind
Lovelier, not those that in Illyria changed—
Hermionê and Cadmus.
Milton, _Paradise Lost_, ix. 505, etc. (1665).

_Hermionê_, (_4 syl._), wife of Leontês, king of Sicily. The king, being jealous, sent her to prison, where she gave birth to a daughter, who, at the king’s command, was to be placed on a desert shore and left to perish. The child was driven by a storm to the “coast” of Bohemia, and brought up by a shepherd who called her Per´dĭta. Florĭzel, the son of Polixenês, king of Bohemia, fell in love with her, and they fled to Sicily to escape the vengeance of the angry king. Being introduced to Leontês, it was soon discovered that Perdita was his lost daughter, and Polixenês gladly consented to the union he had before objected to. Pauli´na (a lady about the court) now asked the royal party to her house to inspect a statue of Hermionê, which turned out to be the living queen herself.—Shakespeare, _The Winter’s Tale_ (1594).

_Hermionê_, (_4 syl._), only daughter of Helen and Menelā´os (_4 syl._) king of Sparta. She was betrothed to Orestês, but after the fall of Troy was promised by her father in marriage to Pyrrhus, king of Epirus. Orestes madly loved her, but Hermione as madly loved Pyrrhus. When Pyrrhus fixed his affections on Androm´achê (widow of Hector, and his captive), the pride and jealousy of Hermione were roused. At this crisis, an embassy led by Orestês arrived at the court of Pyrrhus, to demand the death of Asty´anax, the son of Andromachê and Hector, lest when he grew to manhood he might seek to avenge his father’s death. Pyrrhus declined to give up the boy, and married Andromachê. The passion of Hermionê was now goaded to madness; and when she heard that the Greek ambassadors had fallen on Pyrrhus and murdered him, she stabbed herself and died.—Ambrose Philips, _The Distressed Mother_ (1712).

This was a famous part with Mrs. Porter (*-1762), and with Miss Young, better known as Mrs. Pope (1740-1797).

_Hermionê_ (_4 syl._), daughter of Dannischemend, the Persian sorcerer, mentioned in Donnerhugel’s narrative.—Sir W. Scott, _Anne of Geierstein_ (time, Edward IV.).

_Hermionê_ (_The Lady_), or Lady Ermin´ia Pauletti, privately married to Lord Dalgarno.—Sir W. Scott, _Fortunes of Nigel_ (time, James I.).

=Hermit=, the pseudonym of the poet Hayley, the friend of Cowper.

_Hermit_ (_The English_), Roger Crab, who subsisted on three farthings a week, his food being bran, herbs, roots, dock leaves, and mallows (*-1680).

_Hermit_ (_Peter the_), the instigator of the first crusade (1050-1115).

=Hermit and the Youth= (_The_). A hermit, desirous to study the ways of Providence, met with a youth, who became his companion. The first night, they were most hospitably entertained by a nobleman, but at parting the young man stole his entertainer’s golden goblet. Next day, they obtained with difficulty of a miser shelter from a severe storm, and at parting the youth gave him the golden goblet. Next night, they were modestly but freely welcomed by one of the middle class, and at parting the youth “crept to the cradle where an infant slept, and wrung its neck.” It was the only child of their kind host. Leaving the hospitable roof, they lost their way, and were set right by a guide, whom the youth pushed into a river, and he was drowned. The hermit began to curse the youth, when lo! he turned into an angel, who thus explained his acts:

“I stole the goblet from the rich lord to teach him not to trust in uncertain riches. I gave the goblet to the miser to teach him that kindness always meets its reward. I strangled the infant because the man loved it better than he loved God. I pushed the guide into the river because he intended at night-fall to commit a robbery.” The hermit bent his head and cried, “The ways of the Lord are past finding out! but He doeth all things well. Teach me to say with faith, ‘Thy will be done?’”—Parnell. (1679-1717).

In the _Talmud_ is a similar and better allegory. Rabbi Jachanan accompanied Elijah on a journey, and they came to the house of a poor man, whose only treasure was a cow. The man and his wife ran to meet and welcome the strangers, but next morning the poor man’s cow died. Next night they were coldly received by a proud, rich man, who fed them only with bread and water; and next morning Elijah sent for a mason to repair a wall which was falling down, in return for the hospitality received. Next night they entered a synagogue, and asked, “Who will give a night’s lodging to two travellers!” but none offered to do so. At parting, Elijah said, “I hope you will all be made presidents.” The following night they were lodged by the members of another synagogue in the best hotel of the place, and at parting Elijah said, “May the Lord appoint over you but one president.” The rabbi, unable to keep silence any longer, begged Elijah to explain the meaning of his dealings with men; and Elijah replied:

“In regard to the poor man who received us so hospitably, it was decreed that his wife was to die that night, but, in reward of his kindness, God took the cow instead of the wife. I repaired the wall of the rich miser because a chest of gold was concealed near the place, and if the miser had repaired the wall he would have discovered the treasure. I said to the inhospitable synagogue, ‘May each member be president,’ because no one can serve two masters. I said to the hospitable synagogue, ‘May you have but one president,’ because with one head there can be no divisions of counsel. Say not, therefore, to the Lord, ‘What doest Thou?’ but say in thy heart, ‘Must not the Lord of all the earth do right’”—_The Talmud_ (“Trust in God”).

=Hermite= (_Tristan l’_) or “Tristan of the Hospital,” provost-marshal of France. He was the main instrument in carrying out the nefarious schemes of Louis XI, who used to call him his “gossip.” Tristan was a stout, middle-sized man, with a hang-dog visage and most repulsive smile.—Sir W. Scott, _Quentin Durward_ and _Anne of Geierstein_ (time, Edward IV.).

=Hero=, daughter of Leonāto, governor of Messi´na. She was of a quiet, serious disposition, and formed a good contrast to the gay, witty rattle-pate, called Beatrice, her cousin. Hero was about to be married to Lord Claudio, when Don John played on her a most infamous practical joke, out of malice. He bribed Hero’s waiting-woman to dress in Hero’s clothes, and to talk with him by moonlight from the chamber balcony; he then induced Claudio to hide himself in the garden, to overhear what was said. Claudio, thinking the person to be Hero, was furious, and next day at the altar rejected the bride with scorn. The priest, convinced of Hero’s innocence, gave out that she was dead, the servant confessed the trick, Don John took to flight, and Hero married Claudio, her betrothed.—Shakespeare, _Much Ado about Nothing_ (1600).

_Hero_, [SUTTON], niece of Sir William Sutton, and beloved by Sir Valentine de Grey. Hero “was fair as no eye ever fairer saw, of noble stature, head of antique mould, magnificent as far as may consist with softness, features full of thought and moods, wishes and fancies, and limbs the paragon of symmetry.” Having offended her lover by waltzing with Lord Athunree, she assumed the garb of a quakeress, called herself “Ruth,” and got introduced to Sir Valentine, who proposed marriage to her, and then discovered that Hero was Ruth and Ruth was Hero.—S. Knowles, _Woman’s Wit, etc._ (1838).

=Hero and Leander= (_3 syl._). Hero, a priestess of Venus, fell in love with Leander, who swam across the Hellespont every night to visit her. One night he was drowned in so doing, and Hero in grief threw herself into the same sea.—Musæus, _Leander and Hero_.

=Hero of Fable= (_The_), the duc de Guise. Called by the French _L’Hero de la Fable_ (1614-1664).

=Hero of History= (_The_), the duc d’Enghien, Prince of Condé. Called by the French _L’Hero de l’Histoire_. This was Le grand Condé (1621-1687).

=Hero of Modern Italy=, Garibaldi (1807-1882).

=Herodias.= Divorced wife of Herodius Philippus, afterward married to Herod Antipas, Mother of Salome and murderer of John the Baptist.

=Her´on= (_Sir George_), of Chip-chace, an officer with Sir John Foster.—Sir W. Scott, _The Monastery_ (time, Elizabeth).

=Heros´tratos= or EROSTRATOS, the Ephesian who set fire to the temple of Ephesus (one of the seven wonders of the world) merely to immortalize his name. The Ephesians made it penal even to mention his name.

Herostratus shall prove vice governes fame.
Who built that church he burnt hath lost his name.
Lord Brooke, _Inquisition upon Fame_ (1554-1628).

=Herrick.= Overseer on a Virginia plantation, whose only daughter is burned to death trying to save a favorite horse of the man she loves hopelessly.—Amelia C. Rives-Chanler, _Virginia of Virginia_, (1888).

=Herries= (_Lord_), a friend of Queen Mary of Scotland, and attending on her at Dundrennan.—Sir W. Scott, _The Abbott_ (time, Elizabeth).

=Herschel= (_Sir F. Wm._) discovered the eighth planet, at first called the _Georgium sidus,_ in honor of George III., and now called _Saturn_. In allusion to this, Campbell says he

Gave the lyre of heaven another string.
_Pleasures of Hope_, i. (1799.)

=Hertford= (_The marquis of_), in the court of Charles II.—Sir W. Scott, _Woodstock_ (time, Commonwealth).

=Her Trippa=, meant for Henry Cornelius Agrippa, of Nettesheim, philosopher and physician. “Her” is a contraction of _He´ricus_, and “Trippa” a play on the words _Agrippa_ and _tripe_.—Rabelais, _Pantag´ruel_, iii. 25 (1545).

=Herwig=, king of Hel´igoland, betrothed to Gudrun, daughter of King Hettel (_Attila_). She was carried off by Hartmuth, king of Norway, and as she refused to marry him, was put to the most menial work. Herwig conveyed an army into Norway, utterly defeated Hartmuth, liberated Gudrun, and married her.—_Gudrun_, a German epic of the thirteenth century.

=Her´zog= (_Duke_), commander-in-chief of the ancient Teutons (_Germans_). The herzog was elected by the freemen of the tribe, but in times of war and danger, when several tribes united, the princes selected a leader, who was called also “herzog,” similiar to the Gaulish “brennus” or “bren,” and the Celtic “pendragon” or head chief.

=Heskett= (_Ralph_), landlord of the village ale-house where Robin Oig and Harry Wakefield fought.

_Dame Heskett_, Ralph’s wife.—Sir. W. Scott, _The Two Drovers_ (time, George III.).

=Hesper´ides= (_4 syl._) _The Hesper´ian Field._ The Hesperidês were the women who guarded the golden apples which Earth gave to Herê at her marriage with Zeus (_Jove_). They were assisted by the dragon Ladon. The _Hesperian Fields_ are the orchards in which the golden apples grew. The Island is one of the Cape Verd Isles, in the Atlantic.

=Hesperus=, the knight called by Tennyson “Evening Star;” but called in the _History of Prince Arthur_, “the Green Knight” _or_ Sir Pertolope (_3 syl._). One of the four brothers who kept the passages of Castle Perilous.—Tennyson, _Idylls_ (“Gareth and Lynette”); Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_, i. 127 (1470).

⁂ It is a manifest blunder to call the _Green_ Knight “Hesperus the Evening Star,” and the _Blue_ Knight the “Morning Star.” The old romance makes the combat with the “Green Knight” at _dawn_, and with the “Blue Knight” at _sunset_. The error has arisen from not bearing in mind that our forefathers began the day with the preceding eve, and ended it at sunset.

=Hetherford= (_Reuben_), stupid suitor of Molly Wilder. He will not relinquish her, although assured that she is to marry another man, and when the news comes that her husband has been drowned, renews his suit, only to be again rejected.—Jane Goodwin Austin, _A Nameless Nobleman_ (1881).

=Hettly= (_May_), an old servant of Davie Deans.—Sir W. Scott, _Heart of Midlothian_ (time, George II.).

=Heyward= (_Duncan_). A major in the English army in America, sent to escort the Munro sisters to their father, and sharer in the perils incurred by them in their journey by stream and forest. He is beloved by both sisters and marries Alice.—James Fennimore Cooper, _Last of the Mohicans_.

=Heukbane= (_Mrs._), the butcher’s wife at Fairport, and a friend of Mrs. Mailsetter.—Sir W. Scott, _The Antiquary_ (time, George III.).

=Hew=, son of Lady Helen of “Merryland town” (_Milan_), enticed by an apple presented to him by a Jewish maiden, who then “stabbed him with a penknife, rolled the body in lead, and cast it into a well.” Lady Helen went in search of her child, and its ghost cried out from the bottom of the well:

The lead is wondrous heavy, mither;
The well is wondrous deep:
A keen penknife sticks in my heart;
A word I dounae speik.
Percy, _Reliques_, i. 3.

=Hewit= (_Godfrey Bertram_), natural son of Mr. Godfrey Betram.—Sir W. Scott, _Guy Mannering_ (time, George II.).

=Hezekiah Grumbles=, intended by nature for a farmer; intended by parents for a clergyman; makes a soldier of himself in the Civil War 1861-65.—William M. Baker, _The Making of a Man_ (1881).

=Hezekiah Bedott=, easy-going, meek and slow-spoken husband of Priscilla Bedott. “Wonderful hand to moralize, specially after he begun to enjoy poor health.”—Frances Miriam Twitcher, _The Widow Bedott Papers_ (1856).

=Hiawa´tha=, the prophet teacher, son of Mudjekee´wis (_the west wind_) and Weno´nah, daughter of Noko´mis. He represents the progress of civilization among the North American Indians. Hiawatha first wrestled with Monda´min (_maize_), and, having subdued it, gave it to man for food. He then taught man navigation; then he subdued Mishe Nah´ma (_the sturgeon_), and taught the Indians how to make oil therefrom for winter. His next exploit was against the magician Megissog´non, the author of disease and death; having slain this monster, he taught man the science of medicine. He then married Minneha´ha (_laughing water_), and taught man to be the husband of one wife, and the comforts of domestic peace. Lastly, he taught man picture-writing. When the white men came with the gospel, Hiawatha ascended to the kingdom of Pone´mah, the land of the hereafter.—Longfellow, _Hiawatha_.

_Hiawatha’s Moc´casins._ When Hiawatha put on his moccasins, he could measure a mile at a single stride.

He had moccasins enchanted,
Magic moccasins of deer-skin;
When he bound them round his ankles
At each stride a mile he measured.
Longfellow, _Hiawatha_, iv.

_Hiawatha’s Great Friends_, Chibia´bos (the sweetest of all musicians) and Kwa´sind (the strongest of all mortals).—Longfellow, _Hiawatha_, vi.

=Hick´athrift= (_Tom or Jack_), a poor laborer in the time of the Conquest, of such enormous strength that he killed, with an axletree and cartwheel, a huge giant, who lived in a marsh at Tylney, in Norfolk. He was knighted, and made governor of Thanet. Hickathrift is sometimes called _Hickafric_.

When a man sits down to write a history, though it be but the history of Jack Hickathrift, ... he knows no more than his heels what lets ... he is to meet with in his way.—Sterne.

=Hick´ory= (_Old_), General Andrew Jackson. He was first called “Tough,” then “Tough as Hickory,” and, lastly, “Old Hickory.” Another story is that in 1813, when engaged in war with the Creek Indians, he fell short of supplies, and fed his men on hickory nuts (1767-1845).

=Hicks=, short, slight young man ... with an air at once amiable and baddish, whose father sends him on a sea-voyage to cure him of drunkenness.—William Dean Howells, _The Lady of the Aroostook_ (1879).

=Hi´erocles= (_4 syl._), the first person who compiled jokes and _bon mots_. After a life-long labor, he got together twenty-one, which he left to the world as his legacy. Hence arose the phrase, _An Hieroc´lean legacy_, no legacy at all, or a legacy of empty promises, or a legacy of no worth.

One of his anecdotes is that of a man who wanted to sell his house, and carried about a brick to show as a specimen of it.

=Hieron´imo=, the chief character of Thomas Kyd’s drama in two parts, pt. i. being called _Hieronimo_, and pt. ii. _The Spanish Tragedy_, or _Hieronimo is Mad Again_. In the latter play, Horatio, only son of Hieronimo, sitting with Belimpe´ria in an alcove, is murdered by his rival, Balthazar, and the lady’s brother, Lorenzo. The murderers hang the dead body on a tree in the garden, and Hieronimo, aroused by the screams of Belimperia, rushing into the garden, sees the dead body of his son, and goes raving mad (1588).

=Higden= (_Mrs. Betty_), an old woman nearly four score, very poor, but hating the union-house more than she feared death. Betty Higden kept a mangle, and “minded young children” at four-pence a week. A poor workhouse lad named Sloppy helped her to turn the mangle. Mrs. Boffin wished to adopt Johnny, Betty’s infant grandchild, but he died in the Children’s Hospital.

She was one of those old women, was Mrs. Betty Higden, who, by dint of an indomitable purpose and a strong constitution, fight out many years; an active old woman, with a bright dark eye and a resolute face, yet quite a tender creature, too.—C. Dickens, _Our Mutual Friend_, i. 16 (1864).

=Higg=, “the son of Snell,” the lame witness at the trial of Rebecca.—Sir W. Scott, _Ivanhoe_ (time, Richard I.).

=Higgen, Prigg, Snapp, and Ferret=, knavish beggars in _The Beggar’s Bush_, a drama by Beaumont and Fletcher (1622).

=High and Low Heels=, two factions in Lilliput. So called from the high and low heels of their shoes, badges of the two factions. The high heels (_tories and the high-church party_) were friendly to the ancient constitution of the empire, but the emperor employed the Low-heels (_whigs and low-churchmen_) as his ministers of state.—Swift, _Gulliver’s Travels_ (“Lilliput,” 1726).

=High Life Below Stairs=, a farce by the Rev. James Townley. Mr. Lovel, a wealthy commoner, suspects his servants of “wasting his substance in riotous living;” so, pretending to go to his country seat in Devonshire, he assumes the character of a country bumpkin from Essex, and places himself under the charge of his own butler, to learn the duties of a gentleman servant. As the master is away, Philip (the butler) invites a large party to supper, and supplies them with the choicest wines. The servants all assume their masters’ titles, and address each other as “My lord duke,” “Sir Harry,” “My Lady Charlotte,” “My Lady Bab,” etc., and mimic the airs of their employers. In the midst of the banquet, Lovel appears in his true character, breaks up the party, and dismisses his household, retaining only one of the lot, named Tom, to whom he entrusts the charge of the silver and plate (1759).

=Highland Mary=, immortalized by Robert Burns, is generally thought to be Mary Campbell; but it seems more likely to be Mary Morison, “one of the poet’s youthful loves.” Probably the songs, _Will ye go to the Indies, my Mary?_ _Highland Mary_, _Mary Morison_, and _To Mary in Heaven_, were all written on one and the same Mary, although some think _Highland Mary_ and _Mary in Heaven_ refer to Mary Campbell, who, we are told, was the poet’s first love.

=Highwaymen= (_Noted_).

CLAUDE DUVAL (*-1670). Introduced in _White Friars_, by Miss Robinson.

JAMES WHITNEY (1660-1594), aged 34.

JONATHAN WILD of Wolverhampton (1682-1725), aged 43. Hero and title of a novel by Fielding (1744).

JACK SHEPPARD of Spitalfields (1701-1724), aged 24. Hero and title of a novel by Defoe (1724); and of one by H. Ainsworth (1839).

DICK TURPIN, executed at York (1711-1739). Hero of a novel by H. Ainsworth.

GALLOPING DICK, executed at Aylesbury in 1800.

CAPTAIN GRANT, the Irish highwayman, executed at Maryborough, in 1816.

SAMUEL GREENWOOD, executed at Old Bailey, 1822.

WILLIAM REA, executed at Old Bailey, 1828.