Chapter VI: Verbs (1)

CORRECTIONS UNDER RULE XIV AND ITS NOTES.

UNDER THE RULE ITSELF.--VERB AFTER THE NOMINATIVE.

"Before you left Sicily, you _were reconciled_ to Verres."--_Duncan cor._ "Knowing that you _were_ my old master's good friend."--_Spect. cor._ "When the judge _dares_ not act, where is the loser's remedy?"--_Webster cor._ "Which extends it no farther than the variation of the verb _extends_."--_Mur. cor._ "They presently dry without hurt, as myself _have_ often proved."--_R. Williams cor._ "Whose goings-forth _have_ been from of old, from everlasting."--_Micah_, v, 2. "You _were_ paid to fight against Alexander, not to rail at him."--_Porter cor._ "Where more than one part of speech _are_ almost always concerned."--_Churchill cor._ "Nothing less than murders, rapines, and conflagrations, _employs_ their thoughts." Or: "_No less things_ than murders, rapines, and conflagrations, _employ_ their thoughts."--_Duncan cor._ "I wondered where you _were_, my dear."--_Lloyd cor._ "When thou most sweetly _singst_."--_Drummond cor._ "Who _dares_, at the present day, avow himself equal to the task?"--_Gardiner cor._ "Every body _is_ very kind to her, and not discourteous to me."--_Byron cor._ "As to what thou _sayst_ respecting the diversity of opinions."--_M. B. cor._ "Thy nature, Immortality, who _knows_?"--_Everest cor._ "The natural distinction of sex in animals, gives rise to what, in grammar, _are_ called genders."--_Id._ "Some pains _have_ likewise been taken."--_Scott cor._ "And many a steed in his stables _was_ seen."--_Penwarne cor._ "They _were_ forced to eat what never was esteemed food."--_Josephus cor._ "This that _you_ yourself _have_ spoken, I desire that they may take their oaths upon."--_Hutchinson cor._ "By men whose experience best _qualifies_ them to judge."--_Committee cor._ "He _dares_ venture to kill and destroy several other kinds of fish."--_Walton cor._ "If a gudgeon meet a roach, He _ne'er will_ venture to approach." Or thus: "If a gudgeon _meets_ a roach, He _dares_ not venture to approach."--_Swift cor._ "Which thou _endeavourst_ to establish to thyself."--_Barclay cor._ "But they pray together much oftener than thou _insinuat'st_."--_Id._ "Of people of all denominations, over whom thou _presidest_."--_N. Waln cor._ "I can produce ladies and gentlemen whose progress _has_ been astonishing."--_Chazotte cor._ "Which of these two kinds of vice _is the_ more criminal?"--_Dr. Brown cor._ "Every twenty-four hours _afford_ to us the vicissitudes of day and night."--_Smith's False Syntax, New Gram._, p. 103. Or thus: "Every _period_ of twenty-four hours _affords_ to us the vicissitudes of day and night."--_Smith cor._ "Every four years _add_ an other day."--_Smith's False Syntax, Gram._, p. 103. Better thus: "Every _fourth year adds_ an other day."--_Smith cor._ "Every error I could find, _Has_ my busy muse employed."--_Swift cor._ "A studious scholar _deserves_ the approbation of his teacher."--_Sanborn cor._ "Perfect submission to the rules of a school _indicates_ good breeding."--_Id._ "A comparison in which more than two _are_ concerned."--_Lennie's Gram._, p. 78. "By the facilities which artificial language _affords_ them."--_O. B. Peirce cor._ "Now thyself _hast_ lost both lop and top."--_Spencer cor._ "Glad tidings _are_ brought to the poor."--_Campbell cor._ "Upon which, all that is pleasurable or affecting in elocution, chiefly _depends._"--_Sher. cor._ "No pains _have_ been spared to render this work complete."--_Bullions cor._ "The United States _contain_ more than a twentieth part of the land of this globe."--_Clinton cor._ "I am mindful that myself _am_ strong."--_Fowler cor._ "Myself _am_ (not _is_) weak;"--"Thyself _art_ (not _is_) weak."--_Id._

"How pale each worshipful and reverend guest
Rises from clerical or city feast!"--_Pope cor._

UNDER THE RULE ITSELF.--VERB BEFORE THE NOMINATIVE.

"Where _were_ you born? In London."--_Buchanan cor._ "There _are_ frequent occasions for commas."--_Ingersoll cor._ "There necessarily _follow_ from thence these plain and unquestionable consequences."--_Priestley cor._ "And to this impression _contributes_ the redoubled effort."--_Kames cor._ "Or, if he was, _were_ there no spiritual men then?"--_Barclay cor._ "So, by these two also, _are_ signified their contrary principles."--_Id._ "In the motions made with the hands, _consists_ the chief part of gesture in speaking."--_Blair cor._ "_Dares_ he assume the name of a popular magistrate?"--_Duncan cor._ "There _were_ no damages as in England, and so Scott lost his wager."--_Byron cor._ "In fact, there _exist_ such resemblances."--_Kames cor._ "To him _give_ all the prophets witness."--_Acts_, x, 43. "That there _were_ so many witnesses and actors."--_Addison cor._ "How _do_ this man's definitions stand affected?"--_Collier cor._ "Whence _come_ all the powers and prerogatives of rational beings?"--_Id._ "Nor _do_ the scriptures cited by thee prove thy intent."--_Barclay cor._ "Nor _does_ the scripture cited by thee prove the contrary."--_Id._ "Why then _citest_ thou a scripture which is so plain and clear for it?"--_Id._ "But what _say_ the Scriptures as to respect of persons among Christians?"--_Id._ "But in the mind of man, while in the savage state, there _seem_ to be hardly any ideas but what enter by the senses;"--_Robertson cor._ "What sounds _has_ each of the vowels?"--_Griscom cor._ "Out of this _have_ grown up aristocracies, monarchies, despotisms, tyrannies."--_Brownson cor._ "And there _were_ taken up, of fragments that remained to them, twelve baskets."--_Bible cor._ "There _seem_ to be but two general classes."--_Day cor._ "Hence _arise_ the six forms of expressing time."--_Id._ "There _seem_ to be no other words required."--_Chandler cor._ "If there _are_ two, the second increment is the syllable next to the last."--_Bullions cor._ "Hence _arise_ the following advantages."--_Id._ "There are no data by which it can be estimated."--_Calhoun cor._ "To this class, _belongs_ the Chinese language, in which we have nothing but naked _primitives_."--_Fowler cor._ [[Fist] "Nothing but naked _roots_" is faulty; because no word is a _root_, except some derivative spring from it."--G. B.] "There _were_ several other grotesque figures that presented themselves."--_Spect. cor._ "In these _consists_ that sovereign good which ancient sages so much extol."--_Percival cor._ "Here _come_ those I have done good to against my will."--_Shak. cor._ "Where there _are_ more than one auxiliary." Or: "Where there _are_ more _auxiliaries_ than one."--_O. B. Peirce cor._

"On me to cast those eyes where _shines_ nobility."
--_Sidney cor._

"Here _are_ half-pence in plenty, for one you'll have twenty."
--_Swift cor._

"Ah, Jockey, ill _advisest_ thou. I wis,
To think of songs at such a time as this."
--_Churchill cor._

UNDER NOTE I.--THE RELATIVE AND VERB.

"Thou, who _lovest_ us, wilt protect us still."--_A. Murray cor._ "To use that endearing language, 'Our Father, who _art_ in heaven.'"--_Bates cor._ "Resembling the passions that _produce_ these actions."--_Kames cor._ "Except _dwarf, grief, hoof, muff_, &c., which _take s_ to make the plural."--_Ash cor._ "As the cattle that _go_ before me, and the children, be able to endure."--_Gen. cor._ "Where is the man who _dares_ affirm that such an action is mad?"--_Dr. Pratt cor._ "The ninth book of Livy affords one of the most beautiful exemplifications of historical painting, that _are_ anywhere to be met with."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "In some studies, too, that relate to taste and fine writing, which _are_ our object," &c.--_Id._ "Of those affecting situations which _make_ man's heart feel for man."--_Id._ "We see very plainly, that it is neither Osmyn nor Jane Shore that _speaks_."--_Id._ "It should assume that briskness and ease which _are_ suited to the freedom of dialogue."--_Id._ "Yet they grant, that none ought to be admitted into the ministry, but such as _are_ truly pious."--_Barclay cor._ "This letter is one of the best that _have_ been written about Lord Byron."--_Hunt cor._ "Thus, besides what _were_ sunk, the Athenians took above two hundred ships."--_Goldsmith cor._ "To have made and declared such orders as _were_ necessary."--_Hutchinson cor._ "The idea of such a collection of men as _makes_ an army."--_Locke cor._ "I'm not the first that _has_ been wretched."--_Southern cor._ "And the faint sparks of it which _are_ in the angels, are concealed from our view."--_Calvin cor._ "The subjects are of such a nature, as _allows_ room (or, as to _allow_ room) for much diversity of taste and sentiment."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "It is in order to propose examples of such perfection, as _is_ not to be found in the real examples of society."--_Formey cor._ "I do not believe that he would amuse himself with such fooleries as _have_ been attributed to him."--_Id._ "That shepherd, who first _taught_ the chosen seed."--_Milton, P. L._, B. i, l. 8. "With respect to the vehemence and warmth which _are_ allowed in popular eloquence."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "Ambition is one of those passions that _are_ never to be satisfied."--_Home cor._ "Thou wast he that _led_ out and _brought_ in Israel."--_Bible cor._ "Art thou the man of God, that _came_ from Judah?"--_Id._

"How beauty is excell'd by manly grace
And wisdom, which alone _are_ truly fair."--_Milton cor._

"What art thou, speak, that on designs unknown,
While others sleep, thus _roamst_ the camp alone?"--_Pope cor._

UNDER NOTE II.--NOMINATIVE WITH ADJUNCTS.

"The literal sense of the words _is_, that the action had been done."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "The rapidity of his movements _was_ beyond example."--_Wells cor._ "Murray's Grammar, together with his Exercises and Key, _has_ nearly superseded every thing else of the kind."--_Murray's Rec. cor._ "The mechanism of clocks and watches _was_ totally unknown."--_Hume cor._ "The _it_, together with the verb _to be, expresses a state_ of being."--_Cobbett cor._ "Hence it is, that the profuse variety of objects in some natural landscapes, _occasions neither_ confusion nor fatigue."--_Kames cor._ "Such a clatter of sounds _indicates_ rage and ferocity."--_Gardiner cor._ "One of the fields _makes_ threescore square yards, and the other, only fifty-five."--_Duncan cor._ "The happy effects of this fable _are_ worth attending to."--_Bailey cor._ "Yet the glorious serenity of its parting rays, still _lingers_ with us."--_Gould cor._ "Enough of its form and force _is_ retained to render them uneasy."--_Maturin cor._ "The works of nature, in this respect, _are_ extremely regular."--_Pratt cor._ "No small addition of exotic and foreign words and phrases, _has_ been made by commerce."--_Bicknell cor._ "The dialect of some nouns _is noticed_ in the notes."--_Milnes cor._ "It has been said, that a discovery of the full resources of the arts, _affords_ the means of debasement, or of perversion."--_Rush cor._ "By which means, the order of the words _is_ disturbed."--_Holmes cor._ "The two-fold influence of these and the others, _requires_ the _verb_ to be in the plural form."--_Peirce cor._ "And each of these _affords_ employment."--_Percival cor._ "The pronunciation of the vowels _is_ best explained under the rules relative to the consonants."--_Coar cor._ "The judicial power of these courts _extends_ to all cases in law and equity."--_Hall and Baker cor._ "One of you _has_ stolen my money."--_Humorist cor._ "Such redundancy of epithets, in stead of pleasing, _produces_ satiety and disgust."--_Kames cor._ "It has been alleged, that a compliance with the rules of Rhetoric, _tends_ to cramp the mind."--_Hiley cor._ "Each of these _is_ presented to us in different relations."--_Hendrick cor._ "The past tense of these verbs, (_should, would, might, could_,) _is_ very indefinite with respect to time."--_Bullions cor._ "The power of the words which are said to govern this mood, _is_ distinctly understood."--_Chandler cor._

"And now, at length, the fated term of years
The world's desire _hath_ brought, and lo! the God appears."
--_Lowth cor._

"Variety of numbers still _belongs_
To the soft melody of _odes_, or _songs_."
--_Brightland cor._

UNDER NOTE III.--COMPOSITE OR CONVERTED SUBJECTS.

"Many are the works of human industry, which to begin and finish, _is_ hardly granted to the same man."--_Johnson cor._ "To lay down rules for these, _is_ as inefficacious."--_Pratt cor._ "To profess regard and act _injuriously, discovers_ a base mind."--_L. Murray et al. cor._ "To magnify to the height of wonder things great, new, and admirable, extremely _pleases_ the mind of man."--_Fisher cor._ "In this passage, '_according as_' _is_ used in a manner which is very common."--_Webster cor._ "A CAUSE DE, _is_ called a preposition; A CAUSE QUE, a conjunction."--_Webster cor._ "To these _it is_ given to speak in the name of the Lord."--_The Friend cor._ "While _wheat_ has no plural, _oats has_ seldom any singular."--_Cobbett cor._ "He cannot assert that _ll_ (i.e., _double Ell_) _is_ inserted in _fullness_ to denote the sound of _u_"--_Cobb cor._ "_Ch_, in Latin, _has_ the power of _k_."--_Gould cor._ "_Ti_, before a vowel, and unaccented, _has_ the sound of _si_ or _ci_."--_Id._ "In words derived from French, as _chagrin, chicanery_, and _chaise, ch is sounded_ like _sh_."--_Bucke cor._ "But, in the _words schism, schismatic_, &c., the _ch is_ silent."--_Id._ "_Ph_, at the beginning of words, _is_ always sounded like _f_."--_Bucke cor._ "_Ph has_ the sound of _f_ as in _philosophy_."--_Webster cor._ "_Sh has_ one sound only, as in _shall_."--_Id._ "_Th has_ two sounds."--_Id._ "_Sc_, before _a, o, u, or r, has_ the sound of _sk_."--_Id._ "_Aw has_ the sound of _a_ in _hall_."--_Bolles cor._ "_Ew sounds_ like _u_"--_Id._ "_Ow_, when both _vowels are_ sounded, _has_ the _power_ of _ou in thou_."--_Id._ "_Ui_, when both _vowels are_ pronounced in one syllable, _sounds_ like _wi short, as_ in _languid_."--_Id._

"_Ui_ three _other sounds at least expresses_,
As _who hears_ GUILE, REBUILD, and BRUISE, _confesses_."
--_Brightland cor._

UNDER NOTE IV.--EACH, ONE, EITHER, AND NEITHER.

"When each of the letters which compose this word, _has_ been learned."--_Dr. Weeks cor._ "As neither of us _denies_ that both Homer and Virgil have great beauties."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "Yet neither of them _is_ remarkable for precision."--_Id._ "How far each of the three great epic poets _has_ distinguished _himself_."--_Id._ "Each of these _produces_ a separate, agreeable sensation."--_Id._ "On the Lord's day, every one of us Christians _keeps_ the sabbath."--_Tr. of Iren. cor._ "And each of them _bears_ the image of purity and holiness."--_Hope of Is. cor._ "_Was_ either of these meetings ever acknowledged or recognized?"--_Foster cor._ "Whilst neither of these letters _exists_ in the Eugubian inscription."--_Knight cor._ "And neither of them _is_ properly termed indefinite."--_Dr. Wilson cor._ "As likewise of the several subjects, which have in effect _their several verbs_:" or,--"_each of which has_ in effect _its own verb_."--_Lowth cor._ "Sometimes, when the word ends in _s_, neither of the signs _is_ used."--_A. Mur. cor._ "And as neither of these manners _offends_ the ear."--_J. Walker cor._ "Neither of these two tenses _is_ confined to this signification only."--_R. Johnson cor._ "But neither of these circumstances _is_ intended here."--_Tooke cor._ "So that all are indebted to each, and each _is_ dependent upon all."--_Bible Rep. cor._ "And yet neither of them _expresses_ any more action in this case, than _it_ did in the other."--_Bullions cor._ "Each of these expressions _denotes_ action."--_Hallock cor._ "Neither of these moods _seems_ to be defined by distinct boundaries."--_Butler cor._ "Neither of these solutions _is_ correct."--_Bullions cor._ "Neither _bears_ any sign of case at all."--_Fowler cor._

"Each in _his_ turn, like Banquo's monarchs, _stalks._" Or:--
"_All_ in _their_ turn, like Banquo's monarchs, _stalk_."--_Byron cor._

"And tell what each _doth_ by _the_ other lose."--_Shak. cor._

UNDER NOTE V.--VERB BETWEEN TWO NOMINATIVES.

"The quarrels of lovers _are but_ a renewal of love."--_Adam et al. cor._ "Two dots, one placed above the other, _are_ called _a Sheva."--Wilson cor._ "A few centuries more or less _are_ a matter of small consequence."--_Id._ "Pictures were the first step towards the art of writing; _hieroglyphics were_ the second step."--_Parker cor._ "The comeliness of youth _is_ modesty and frankness; of age, condescension and dignity." Or, much better: "The _great ornaments_ of youth are," &c.--_Murray cor._ "Merit and good works _are_ the end of man's motion."--_Bacon cor._ "Divers philosophers hold, that the lips _are_ parcel of the mind."--_Shak. cor._ "The clothing of the natives _was_ the skins of wild beasts." Or thus: "The _clothes_ of the natives _were_ skins of wild beasts."--_Hist. cor._ "Prepossessions in _favour_ of our _native_ town, _are_ not a matter of surprise."--_Webster cor._ "Two shillings and sixpence _are_ half a crown, but not a half crown."--_Priestley and Bicknell cor._ "Two vowels, pronounced by a single impulse of the voice, and uniting in one sound, _are_ called a _diphthong_."--_Cooper cor._ "Two or more sentences united together _are_ called a Compound Sentence."--_Day cor._ "Two or more words rightly put together, but not completing an entire proposition, _are_ called a Phrase."--_Id._ "But the common number of times _is_ five." Or, to state the matter truly: "But the common number of _tenses is six_."--_Brit. Gram. cor._ "Technical terms, injudiciously introduced, _are an other_ source of darkness in composition."--_Jamieson cor._ "The United States _are_ the great middle division of North America."--_Morse cor._ "A great cause of the low state of industry, _was_ the restraints put upon it."--_Priestley's Gram._, p. 199; _Churchill's_, 414. "Here two tall ships _become_ the victor's prey."--_Rowe cor._ "The expenses incident to an outfit _are_ surely no object."--_The Friend cor._

"Perhaps their loves, or else their sheep,
_Were_ all that did their silly thoughts so busy keep."--_Milt. cor._

UNDER NOTE VI.--CHANGE OF THE NOMINATIVE.

"Much _care_ has been taken, to explain all the kinds of words."--_Inf. S. Gr. cor._ "Not _fewer_ [years] than three years, are spent in attaining this faculty." Or, perhaps better: "Not less than three _years' time, is_ spent in attaining this faculty." Or thus: "Not less _time_ than three years, _is_ spent," &c.--_Gardiner cor._ "Where this night are met in state Many _friends_ to gratulate His wish'd presence."--_Milton cor._ "Peace! my darling, here's no danger, Here's no _ox anear_ thy bed."--_Watts cor._ "But _all_ of these are mere conjectures, and some of them very unhappy ones."--_Coleridge cor._ "The old theorists' _practice_ of calling the Interrogatives and Repliers ADVERBS, is only a part of their regular system of naming words."--_O. B. Peirce cor._ "Where _several sentences_ occur, place them in the order _of the facts_."--_Id._ "And that _all the events_ in conjunction make a regular chain of causes and effects."--_Kames cor. "In regard to their_ origin, the Grecian and Roman republics, though equally involved in the obscurities and uncertainties of fabulous events, present one remarkable distinction."--_Adams cor._ "In these respects, _man_ is left by nature an unformed, unfinished creature."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "The _Scriptures_ are the oracles of God himself."--_Hooker cor._ "And at our gates are all _kinds_ of pleasant fruits."--_S. Song cor._ "The _preterits_ of _pluck, look_, and _toss_, are, in speech, pronounced _pluckt, lookt, tosst_."--_Fowler corrected_.

"Severe the doom that days _prolonged impose_,
To stand sad witness of unnumbered woes!"--_Melmoth cor._

UNDER NOTE VII.--FORMS ADAPTED TO DIFFERENT STYLES.

_1. Forms adapted to the Common or Familiar Style._ "Was it thou[538] that _built_ that house?"--_Brown's Institutes_, Key, p. 270. "That boy _writes_ very elegantly."--_Ib. "Could_ not thou write without blotting thy book?"--_Ib. "Dost_ not thou think--or, _Don't_ thou think, it will rain to-day?"--_Ib. "Does_ not--or, _Don't_ your cousin intend to visit you?"--_Ib._ "That boy _has_ torn my book."--_Ib._ "Was it thou that _spread_ the hay?"--_Ib._ "Was it James, or thou, that _let_ him in?"--_Ib._ "He _dares_ not say a word."--_Ib._ "Thou _stood_ in my way and _hindered_ me."--_Ib._

"Whom _do_ I _see_?--Whom _dost_ thou _see_ now?--Whom _does_ he _see_?--Whom _dost_ thou _love_ most?--What _art_ thou _doing_ to-day?--What person _dost_ thou _see_ teaching that boy?--He _has_ two new knives.--Which road _dost_ thou _take_?--What child is he _teaching_?"--_Ingersoll cor._ "Thou, who _mak'st_ my shoes, _sellst_ many more." Or thus: "_You_, who _make_ my shoes, _sell_ many more."--_Id._

"The English language _has_ been much cultivated during the last two hundred years. It _has_ been considerably polished and refined."--_Lowth cor._ "This _style_ is ostentatious, and _does_ not suit grave writing."--_Priestley cor._ "But custom _has_ now appropriated _who_ to persons, and _which_ to things" [and brute animals].--_Id._ "The indicative mood _shows_ or _declares something_; as, _Ego amo_, I love; or else _asks_ a question; as, _Amas tu_? Dost thou love?"--_Paul's Ac. cor._ "Though thou _cannot_ do much for the cause, thou _may_ and _should_ do something."--_Murray cor._ "The support of so many of his relations, was a heavy tax: but thou _knowst_ (or, _you know_) he paid it cheerfully."--_Id._ "It may, and often _does_, come short of it."--_Murray^s Gram._, p. 359.

"'Twas thou, who, while thou _seem'd_ to chide,
To give me all thy pittance _tried_."--_Mitford cor._

2. _Forms adapted to the Solemn or Biblical Style_. "The Lord _hath prepared_ his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom _ruleth_ over all."--_Psalms_, ciii, 19. "Thou _answeredst_ them, O Lord our God; thou _wast_ a God that forgave[539] them, though thou _tookest_ vengeance of their inventions."--See _Psalms_, xcix, 8. "Then thou _spakest_ in vision to thy Holy One, and _saidst_, I have laid help upon one that is mighty."--_Ib._, lxxxix, 19. "'So then, it is not of him that _willeth_, nor of him that _runneth_, but of God that _showeth_ mercy;' who _dispenseth_ his blessings, whether temporal or spiritual, as _seemeth_ good in his sight."--_Christian Experience of St. Paul_, p. 344; see _Rom._, ix, 16.

"Thou, the mean while, _wast_ blending with my thought;
Yea, with my life, and life's own secret joy."--_Coleridge cor._

UNDER NOTE VIII.--EXPRESS THE NOMINATIVE.

"Who is here so base, that _he_ would be a bondman?"--_Shak. cor._ "Who is here so rude, _he_ would not be a _Roman_?"--_Id._ "There is not a sparrow _which_ falls to the ground without his notice." Or better: "_Not a sparrow_ falls to the ground, without his notice."--_Murray cor._ "In order to adjust them _in such a manner_ as shall consist equally with the perspicuity and the strength of the period."--_Id. and Blair cor._ "But sometimes there is a verb _which_ comes in." Better: "But sometimes there is a verb _introduced_."--_Cobbett cor._ "Mr. Prince has a genius _which_ would prompt him to better things."--_Spect. cor._ "It is this _that_ removes that impenetrable mist."--_Harris cor._ "By the praise _which_ is given him for his courage."--_Locke cor._ "There is no man _who_ would be more welcome here."--_Steele cor._ "Between an antecedent and a consequent, or what goes before, and _what_ immediately follows."--_Blair cor._ "And as connected with what goes before and _what_ follows."--_Id._ "No man doth a wrong for the wrong's sake."--_Bacon cor._ "All the various miseries of life, which people bring upon themselves by negligence _or_ folly, and _which_ might have been avoided by proper care, are instances of this."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "Ancient philosophers have taught many things in _favour_ of morality, so far at least as _it respects_ justice and goodness towards our fellow-creatures."--_Fuller cor._ "Indeed, if there be any such, _who_ have been, or _who_ appear to be of us, as suppose there is not a wise man among us all, nor an honest man, that is able to judge betwixt his brethren; we shall not covet to meddle in their _matters_."--_Barclay cor._ "There were _some_ that drew back; there were _some_ that made shipwreck of faith; yea, there were _some_ that brought in damnable heresies."--_Id._ "The nature of the cause rendered this plan altogether proper; and, _under_ similar _circumstances, the orator's method_ is fit to be imitated."--_Blair cor._ "This is an idiom to which our language is strongly inclined, and _which_ was formerly very prevalent."--_Churchill cor._ "His roots are wrapped about the heap, and _he_ seeth the place of stones."--_Bible cor._

"New York, Fifthmonth 3d, 1823.

Dear friend,

_I_ am sorry to hear of thy loss; but _I_ hope it may be retrieved. I should be happy to render thee any assistance in my power. _I_ shall call to see thee to-morrow morning. Accept assurances of my regard. A. B."

"New York, May 3d, P. M., 1823.

Dear sir,

_I_ have just received the kind note _you_ favoured me with this morning; and _I_ cannot forbear to express my gratitude to you. On further information, _I_ find _I_ have not lost so much as _I_ at first supposed; and _I_ believe _I_ shall still be able to meet all my engagements. _I_ should, however, be happy to see you. Accept, dear sir, my most cordial thanks. C. D."

See _Brown's Institutes_, p. 271.

"Will martial flames forever fire thy mind,
And _wilt thou_ never be to Heaven resign'd?"--_Pope cor._

UNDER NOTE IX.--APPLICATION OF MOODS.

_First Clause of the Note.--The Subjunctive Present_.

"He will not be pardoned unless he _repent_."--_Inst._, p. 191. "If thou _find_ any kernelwort in this marshy meadow, bring it to me."--_Neef cor._ "If thou _leave_ the room, do not forget to shut that drawer."--_Id._ "If thou _grasp_ it stoutly, thou wilt not be hurt:" or, (familiarly,)--"thou _will_ not be hurt."--_Id._ "On condition that he _come_, I will consent to stay."--_Murray's Key_, p. 208. "If he _be_ but discreet, he will succeed."--_Inst._, p. 280. "Take heed that thou _speak_ not to Jacob."--_Gen._, xxxi, 24. "If thou _cast_ me off, I shall be miserable."--_Inst._, p. 280. "Send them to me, if thou _please_."--_Ib._ "Watch the door of thy lips, lest thou _utter_ folly."--_Ib._ "Though a liar _speak_ the truth, he will hardly be believed."--_Bartlett cor._ "I will go, unless I _be_ ill."--_L. Murray cor._ "If the word or words understood _be_ supplied, the true construction will be apparent."--_Id._ "Unless thou _see_ the propriety of the measure, we shall not desire thy support."--_Id._ "Unless thou _make_ a timely retreat, the danger will be unavoidable."--_Id._ "We may live happily, though our possessions _be_ small."--_Id._ "If they _be_ carefully studied, they will enable the student to parse all the exercises."--_Id._ "If the accent _be_ fairly preserved on the proper syllable, this drawling sound will never be heard."--_Id._ "One phrase may, in point of sense, be equivalent to an other, though its grammatical nature _be_ essentially different."--_Id._ "If any man _obey_ not our word by this epistle, note that man."--_2 Thess._, iii, 14. "Thy skill will be the greater, if thou _hit_ it."--_Putnam, Cobb, or Knowles, cor._ "We shall overtake him, though he _run_."--_Priestley et al. cor._ "We shall be disgusted, if he _give_ us too much."--_Blair cor._

"What is't to thee, if he _neglect_ thy urn,
Or without spices _let_ thy body burn?"--_Dryden cor._

_Second Clause of Note IX.--The Subjunctive Imperfect_.[540]

"And so would I, if I _were_ he."--_Inst._, p. 191. "If I _were_ a Greek, I should resist Turkish despotism."--_Cardell cor._ "If he _were_ to go, he would attend to your business."--_Id._ "If thou _felt_ as I do, we should soon decide."--_Inst._, p. 280. "Though thou _shed_ thy blood in the cause, it would but prove thee sincerely a fool."--_Ib._ "If thou _loved_ him, there would be more evidence of it."--_Ib._ "If thou _convinced_ him, he would not act accordingly."--_Murray cor._ "If there _were_ no liberty, there would be no real crime."--_Formey cor._ "If the house _were_ burnt down, the case would be the same."--_Foster cor._ "As if the mind _were_ not always in action, when it prefers any thing."--_West cor._ "Suppose I _were_ to say, 'Light is a body.'"--_Harris cor._ "If either oxygen or azote _were_ omitted, life would be destroyed."--_Gurney cor._ "The verb _dare is_ sometimes used as if it _were_ an auxiliary."--_Priestley cor._ "A certain lady, whom I could name, if it _were_ necessary."--_Spect. cor._ "If the _e were_ dropped, _c_ and _g_ would assume their hard sounds."--_Buchanan cor._ "He would no more comprehend it, than if it _were_ the speech of a Hottentot."--_Neef cor._ "If thou _knew_ the gift of God," &c.--_Bible cor._ "I wish I _were_ at home."--_O. B. Peirce cor._ "Fact alone does not constitute right: if it _did_, general warrants were lawful."--_Junius cor._ "Thou _lookst_ upon thy boy, as though thou _guessed_ it."--_Putnam, Cobb, or Knowles, cor._ "He fought as if he _contended_ for life."--_Hiley cor._ "He fought as if he _were contending_ for his life."--_Id._

"The dewdrop glistens on thy leaf,
As if thou _shed for me_ a tear;
As if thou _knew_ my tale of grief,
_Felt_ all my sufferings severe."--_Letham cor._

_Last Clause of Note IX.--The Indicative Mood_.

"If he _knows_ the way, he does not need a guide."--_Inst._, p. 191. "And if there _is_ no difference, one of them must be superfluous, and ought to be rejected."--_Murray cor._ "I cannot say that I admire this construction though it _is_ much used."--_Priestley cor._ "We are disappointed, if the verb _does_ not immediately follow it."--_Id._ "If it _was_ they, _that_ acted so ungratefully, they are doubly in fault."--_Murray cor._ "If art _becomes_ apparent, it disgusts the reader."--_Jamieson cor._ "Though perspicuity _is_ more properly a rhetorical than a grammatical quality, I thought it better to include it in this book."--_Campbell cor._ "Although the efficient cause _is_ obscure, the final cause of those sensations lies open."--_Blair cor._ "Although the barrenness of language, or the want of words, _is_ doubtless one cause of the invention of tropes."--_Id._ "Though it _enforces_ not its instructions, yet it furnishes a greater variety."--_Id._ "In other cases, though the idea _is_ one, the words remain quite separate."--_Priestley cor._ "Though the form of our language _is_ more simple, and has that peculiar beauty."--_Buchanan cor._ "Human works are of no significancy till they _are_ completed."--_Kames cor._ "Our disgust lessens gradually till it _vanishes_ altogether."--_Id._ "And our relish improves by use, till it _arrives_ at perfection."--_Id._ "So long as he _keeps_ himself in his own proper element."--_Coke cor._ "Whether this translation _was_ ever published or not, I am wholly ignorant."--_Sale cor._ "It is false to affirm, 'As it is day, it is light,' unless it actually _is_ day."--_Harris cor._ "But we may at midnight affirm, 'If it _is_ day, it is light.'"--_Id._ "If the Bible _is_ true, it is a volume of unspeakable interest."--_Dickinson cor._ "Though he _was_ a son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered."--_Bible cor._ "If David then _calleth_ (or _calls_) him Lord, how is he his son?"--_Id._

"'Tis hard to say, if greater want of skill
_Appears_ in writing, or in judging, ill."--_Pope cor._

UNDER NOTE X.--FALSE SUBJUNCTIVES.

"If a man _has built_ a house, the house is his."--_Wayland cor._ "If God _has required_ them of him, as is the fact, he has time."--_Id._ "Unless a previous understanding to the contrary _has been had_ with the principal."--_Berrian cor._ "O! if thou _hast hid_ them in some flowery cave."--_Milton cor._ "O! if Jove's will _has linked_ that amorous power to thy soft lay."--_Id._ "SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD: If thou love, If thou loved."--_Dr. Priestley, Dr. Murray, John Burn, David Blair, Harrison, and others_. "Till Religion, the pilot of the soul, _hath_ lent thee her unfathomable coil."--_Tupper cor._ "Whether nature or art _contributes_ most to form an orator, is a trifling inquiry."--_Blair cor._ "Year after year steals something from us, till the decaying fabric _totters_ of itself, and _at length crumbles_ into dust."--_Murray cor._ "If spiritual pride _has_ not entirely vanquished humility."--_West cor._ "Whether he _has_ gored a son, or _has_ gored a daughter."--_Bible cor._ "It is doubtful whether the object introduced by way of simile, _relates_ to what goes before or to what follows."--_Kames cor._

"And bridle in thy headlong wave,
Till thou our summons answer'd _hast_." Or:--
"And bridle in thy headlong wave,
Till thou _hast granted what we crave_."--_Milt. cor._

CORRECTIONS UNDER RULE XV AND ITS NOTE.

UNDER THE RULE ITSELF.--THE IDEA OF PLURALITY.

"The gentry _are_ punctilious in their etiquette."--_G. B_. "In France, the peasantry _go_ barefoot, and the middle sort _make_ use of wooden shoes."--_Harvey cor._ "The people _rejoice_ in that which should cause sorrow."--_Murray varied_. "My people _are_ foolish, they have not known me."--_Bible and Lowth cor._ "For the people _speak_, but _do_ not write."--_Phil. Mu. cor._ "So that all the people that _were_ in the camp, trembled."--_Bible cor._ "No company _like_ to confess that they are ignorant."--_Todd cor._ "Far the greater part of their captives _were_ anciently sacrificed."--_Robertson cor._ "_More than_ one half of them _were_ cut off before the return of spring."--_Id._ "The other class, termed Figures of Thought, _suppose_ the words to be used in their proper and literal meaning."--_Blair and Mur. cor._ "A multitude of words in their dialect _approach_ to the Teutonic form, and therefore afford excellent assistance."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "A great majority of our authors _are_ defective in manner."--_J. Brown cor._ "The greater part of these new-coined words _have_ been rejected."--_Tooke cor._ "The greater part of the words it contains, _are_ subject to certain modifications _or_ inflections."--_The Friend cor._ "While all our youth _prefer_ her to the rest."--_Waller cor._ "Mankind _are_ appointed to live in a future state."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "The greater part of human kind _speak_ and _act_ wholly by imitation."--_Rambler_, No. 146. "The greatest part of human gratifications _approach_ so nearly to vice."--_Id._, No. 160.

"While still the busy world _are_ treading o'er
The paths they trod five thousand years before."--_Young cor._

UNDER THE NOTE.--THE IDEA OF UNITY.

"In old English, this species of words _was_ numerous."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "And a series of exercises in false grammar _is_ introduced towards the end."--_Frost cor._ "And a jury, in conformity with the same idea, _was_ anciently called _homagium_, the homage, or manhood."--_Webster cor._ "With respect to the former, there _is_ indeed _a_ plenty of means."--_Kames cor._ "The number of school districts _has_ increased since the last year."--_Throop cor._ "The Yearly Meeting _has_ purchased with its funds these publications."--_Foster cor._ "_Has_ the legislature power to prohibit assemblies?"--_Sullivan cor._ "So that the whole number of the streets _was_ fifty."--_Rollin cor._ "The number of inhabitants _was_ not more than four millions."--_Smollett cor._ "The house of Commons _was_ of small weight."--_Hume cor._ "The assembly of the wicked _hath_ (or _has_) inclosed me."--_Psal. cor._ "Every kind of convenience and comfort _is_ provided."--_C. S. Journal cor._ "Amidst the great decrease of the inhabitants in Spain, the body of the clergy _has_ suffered no diminution; but _it_ has rather been gradually increasing."--_Payne cor._ "Small as the number of inhabitants _is_, yet their poverty is extreme."--_Id._ "The number of the names _was_ about one hundred and twenty."--_Ware and Acts cor._

CORRECTIONS UNDER RULE XVI AND ITS NOTES.

UNDER THE RULE ITSELF--THE VERB AFTER JOINT NOMINATIVES.

"So much ability and [so much] merit _are_ seldom found."--_Mur. et al. cor._ "The _etymology and syntax_ of the language _are_ thus spread before the learner."--_Bullions cor._ "Dr. Johnson tells us, that, in English poetry, the accent and the quantity of syllables _are_ the same thing."--_Adams cor._ "Their general scope and tendency, having never been clearly apprehended, _are_ not remembered at all."--_L. Murray cor._ "The soil and sovereignty _were_ not purchased of the natives."--_Knapp cor._ "The boldness, freedom, and variety, of our blank verse, _are_ infinitely more favourable to _sublimity of style_, than [are the constraint and uniformity of] rhyme."--_Blair cor._ "The vivacity and sensibility of the Greeks _seem_ to have been much greater than ours."--_Id._ "For sometimes the mood and tense _are_ signified by the verb, sometimes they are signified of the verb by something else."--_R. Johnson cor._ "The verb and the noun making a complete sense, _whereas_ the participle and the noun _do_ not."--_Id._ "The growth and decay of passions and emotions, traced through all their mazes, _are_ a subject too extensive for an undertaking like the present."--_Kames cor._ "The true meaning and etymology of some of his words _were_ lost."--_Knight cor._ "When the force and direction of personal satire _are_ no longer understood."--_Junius cor._ "The frame and condition of man _admit_ of no other principle."--_Dr. Brown cor._ "Some considerable time and care _were_ necessary."--_Id._ "In consequence of this idea, much ridicule and censure _have_ been thrown upon Milton."--_Blair cor._ "With rational beings, nature and reason _are_ the same thing."--_Collier cor._ "And the flax and the barley _were_ smitten."--_Bible cor._ "The colon and semicolon _divide_ a period; this with, and that without, a connective."--_Ware cor._ "Consequently, wherever space and time _are_ found, there God must also be."--_Newton cor._ "As the past tense and perfect participle of LOVE _end_ in ED, it is regular."--_Chandler cor._ "But the usual arrangement and nomenclature _prevent_ this from being readily seen."--_N. Butler cor._ "_Do_ and _did_ simply _imply_ opposition or emphasis."--_A. Murray cor._ "_I_ and _an other_ make the plural WE; _thou_ and _an other are equivalent to_ YE; _he, she_, or _it_, and _an other_, make THEY."--_Id._ "_I_ and _an other_ or _others are_ the same as WE, the first person plural; _thou_ and _an other_ or _others are_ the same as YE, the second person plural; _he, she_, or _it_, and _an other_ or _others, are_ the same as THEY, the third person plural."--_Buchanan and Brit. Gram. cor._ "God and thou _are_ two, and thou and thy neighbour are two."--_Love Conquest cor._ "Just as AN and A _have_ arisen out of the numeral ONE."--_Fowler cor._ "The tone and style of _all_ of them, particularly _of_ the first and the last, _are_ very different."--_Blair cor._ "Even as the roebuck and the hart _are_ eaten."--_Bible cor._ "Then I may conclude that two and three _do not make_ five."--_Barclay cor._ "Which, at sundry times, thou and thy brethren _have_ received from us."--_Id._ "Two and two _are_ four, and one is five:" i, e., "and _one, added to four, is five_."--_Pope cor._ "Humility and knowledge with poor apparel, _excel_ pride and ignorance under costly array."--See _Murray's Key_, Rule 2d. "A page and a half _have_ been added to the section on composition."--_Bullions cor._ "Accuracy and expertness in this exercise _are_ an important acquisition."--_Id._

"Woods and groves are of thy dressing,
Hill and dale _proclaim_ thy blessing." Or thus:--
"Hill and _valley_ boast thy blessing."--_Milton cor._

UNDER THE RULE ITSELF.--THE VERB BEFORE JOINT NOMINATIVES.

"There _are_ a good and a bad, a right and a wrong, in taste, as in other things."--_Blair cor._ "Whence _have_ arisen much stiffness and affectation."--_Id._ "To this error, _are_ owing, in a great measure, that intricacy and [that] harshness, in his figurative language, which I before _noticed_."--_Blair and Jamieson cor._ "Hence, in his Night Thoughts, there _prevail_ an obscurity and _a_ hardness _of_ style."--_Blair cor._ See _Jamieson's Rhet._, p. 167. "There _are_, however, in that work, much good sense and excellent criticism."--_Blair cor._ "There _are_ too much low wit and scurrility in Plautus." Or: "There _is, in Plautus_, too much _of_ low wit and scurrility."--_Id._ "There _are_ too much reasoning and refinement, too much pomp and studied beauty, in them." Or: "There _is_ too much _of_ reasoning and refinement, too much _of_ pomp and studied beauty, in them."--_Id._ "Hence _arise_ the structure and characteristic expression of exclamation."--_Rush cor._ "And such pilots _are_ he and his brethren, according to their own confession."--_Barclay cor._ "Of whom _are_ Hymeneus and Philetus; who concerning the truth have erred."--_Bible cor._ "Of whom _are_ Hymeneus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan."--_Id._ "And so _were_ James and John, the sons of Zebedee."--_Id._ "Out of the same mouth, _proceed_ blessing and cursing."--_Id._ "Out of the mouth of the Most High, _proceed_ not evil and good."--_Id._ "In which there _are_ most plainly a right and a wrong."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "In this sentence, there _are_ both an actor and an object."--_R. C. Smith cor._ "In the breastplate, _were_ placed the mysterious Urim and Thummim."--_Milman cor._ "What _are_ the gender, number, and person, _of the pronoun_[541] in the first _example_?"--_R. C. Smith cor._ "There _seem_ to be a familiarity and _a_ want of dignity in it."--_Priestley cor._ "It has been often asked, what _are_ Latin and Greek?"--_Lit. Journal cor._ "For where _do_ beauty and high wit, But in your constellation, meet?"--_Sam. Butler cor._ "Thence to the land where _flow_ Ganges and Indus."--_Milton cor._ "On these foundations, _seem_ to rest the midnight riot and dissipation of modern assemblies."--_Dr. Brown cor._ "But what _have_ disease, deformity, and filth, upon which the thoughts can be allured to dwell?"--_Dr. Johnson cor._ "How _are_ the gender and number of the relative known?"--_Bullions cor._

"High rides the sun, thick rolls the dust,
And feebler _speed_ the blow and thrust."--_Scott cor._

UNDER NOTE I.--CHANGE THE CONNECTIVE.

"In every language, there prevails a certain structure, _or_ analogy of parts, which is understood to give foundation to the most reputable usage."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "There runs through his whole manner a stiffness, _an_ affectation, which renders him [Shaftsbury] very unfit to be considered a general model."--_Id._ "But where declamation _for_ improvement in speech is the sole aim."--_Id._ "For it is by these, chiefly, that the train of thought, the course of reasoning, the whole progress of the mind, in continued discourse of _any kind_, is laid open."--_Lowth cor._ "In all writing and discourse, the proper composition _or_ structure of sentences is of the highest importance."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "Here the wishful _and expectant_ look of the beggar naturally leads to a vivid conception of that which was the object of his thoughts."--_Campbell cor._ "Who say, that the outward naming of Christ, _with the sign of_ the cross, puts away devils."--_Barclay cor._ "By which an oath _with a_ penalty was to be imposed _on_ the members."--_Junius cor._ "Light, _or_ knowledge, in what manner soever afforded us, is equally from God."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "For instance, sickness _or_ untimely death is the consequence of intemperance."--_Id._ "When grief _or_ blood ill-tempered _vexeth_ him." Or: "When grief, _with_ blood ill-tempered, _vexes_ him"--_Shak. cor._ "Does continuity, _or_ connexion, create sympathy and relation in the parts of the body?"--_Collier cor._ "His greatest concern, _his_ highest enjoyment, was, to be approved in the sight of his Creator."--_L. Murray cor._ "Know ye not that there is[542] a prince, a great man, fallen this day in Israel?"--_Bible cor._ "What is vice, _or_ wickedness? No rarity, you may depend on it."--_Collier cor._ "There is also the fear _or_ apprehension of it."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "The apostrophe _with s_ (_'s_) is an abbreviation for _is_, the termination of the old English genitive."--_Bullions cor._ "_Ti, ce_, OR _ci_, when followed by a vowel, usually has the sound of _sh_; as in _partial, ocean, special_."--_Weld cor._

"Bitter constraint _of_ sad occasion dear
Compels me to disturb your season due."--_Milton cor._

"_Debauch'ry, or_ excess, though with less noise,
As great a portion of mankind destroys."--_Waller cor._

UNDER NOTE II.--AFFIRMATION WITH NEGATION.

"Wisdom, and not wealth, _procures_ esteem."--_Inst., Key_, p. 272. "Prudence, and not pomp, _is_ the basis of his fame."--_Ib._ "Not fear, but labour _has_ overcome him."--_Ib._ "The decency, and not the abstinence, _makes_ the difference."--_Ib._ "Not her beauty, but her talents _attract_ attention."--_Ib._ "It is her talents, and not her beauty, _that attract_ attention."--_Ib._ "It is her beauty, and not her talents, _that attracts_ attention."--_Ib._

"His belly, not his brains, this impulse _gives_:
He'll grow immortal; for he cannot live." Or thus:--
"His _bowels_, not his brains, this impulse give:
He'll grow immortal; for he cannot live."--_Young cor._

UNDER NOTE III.--AS WELL AS, BUT, OR SAVE.

"Common sense, as well as piety, _tells_ us these are proper."--_Fam. Com. cor._ "For without it the critic, as well as the undertaker, ignorant of any rule, _has_ nothing left but to abandon _himself_ to chance."--_Kames cor._ "And accordingly hatred, as well as love, _is_ extinguished by long absence'."--_Id._ "But at every turn the richest melody, as well as the sublimest sentiments, _is_ conspicuous."--_Id._ "But it, as well as the lines immediately subsequent, _defies_ all translation."--_Coleridge cor._ "But their religion, as well as their customs and manners, _was_ strangely misrepresented."--_Bolingbroke, on History_, Paris Edition of 1808, p. 93. "But his jealous policy, as well as the fatal antipathy of Fonseca, _was_ conspicuous."--_Robertson cor._ "When their extent, as well as their value, _was_ unknown."--_Id._ "The etymology, as well as the syntax, of the more difficult parts of speech, _is_ reserved for his attention at a later period."--_Parker and Fox cor._ "What I myself owe to him, no one but myself _knows_."--_Wright cor._ "None, but thou, O mighty prince! _can_ avert the blow."--_Inst., Key_, p. 272. "Nothing, but frivolous amusements, _pleases_ the indolent."--_Ib._

"Nought, save the gurglings of the rill, _was_ heard."--_G. B._

"All songsters, save the hooting owl, _were_ mute."--_G. B._

UNDER NOTE IV.--EACH, EVERY, OR NO.

"Give every word, and every member, _its_ due weight and force."--_Murray's Gram._, Vol. i, p. 316. "And to one of these _belongs_ every noun, and every third person of every verb."--_Dr. Wilson cor._ "No law, no restraint, no regulation, _is_ required to keep him _within_ bounds."--_Lit. Journal cor._ "By that time, every window and every door in the street _was_ full of heads."--_Observer cor._ "Every system of religion, and every school of philosophy, _stands_ back from this field, and _leaves_ Jesus Christ alone, the solitary example." Or: "_All systems_ of religion, and _all schools_ of philosophy, _stand_ back from this field, and _leave_ Jesus Christ alone, the solitary example."--_Abbott cor._ "Each day, and each hour, _brings its_ portion of duty."--_Inst., Key_, p. 272. "And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, _resorted_ unto him."--_Bible cor._ "Every private Christian, _every_ member of the church, ought to read and peruse the Scriptures, that _he_ may know _his_ faith and belief _to be_ founded upon them."--_Barclay cor._ "And every mountain and _every_ island was moved out of _its place_."--_Bible cor._

"No bandit fierce, no tyrant mad with pride,
No cavern'd hermit _rests_ self-satisfied."--_Pope_.

UNDER NOTE V.--WITH, OR, &c., FOR AND.

"The _sides_, A, B, _and_ C, compose the triangle."--_Tobitt, Felch_, and _Ware cor._ "The stream, the rock, _and_ the tree, must each of them stand forth, so as to make a figure in the imagination."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "While this, with euphony, _constitutes_, finally, the whole."--_O. B. Peirce cor._ "The bag, with the guineas and dollars in it, _was_ stolen."--_Cobbett cor._ "Sobriety, with great industry and talent, _enables_ a man to perform great deeds." Or: "Sobriety, industry, and talent, _enable_ a man to perform great deeds."--_Id._ "The _it_, together with the verb, _expresses a state_ of being."--_Id._ "Where Leonidas the Spartan king, _and_ his chosen band, fighting for their country, were cut off to the last man."--_Kames cor._. "And Leah also, and _her_ children, came near and bowed themselves."--_Bible cor._ "The First _and_ the Second will either of them, by _itself_, coalesce with the Third, but _they do_ not _coalesce_ with each other."--_Harris cor._ "The whole must centre in the query, whether Tragedy _and_ Comedy are hurtful and dangerous representations."--_Formey cor._ "_Both_ grief _and_ joy are infectious: the emotions _which_ they raise in the spectator, resemble them perfectly."--_Kames cor._ "But, in all other words, the _q and u_ are both sounded."--_Ensell cor._ "_Q and u_ (which are always together) have the sound of _kw_, as in _queen_; or _of k only_, as in _opaque_." Or, better: "_Q_ has always the sound of _k_; and the _u_ which follows it, that of _w_; except in French words, in which the _u_ is silent."--_Goodenow cor._ "In this selection, the _a and i_ form distinct syllables."--_Walker cor._ "And a considerable village, with gardens, fields, &c., _extends_ around on each side of the square."--_Lib. cor._ "Affection _and_ interest guide our notions and behaviour in the affairs of life; imagination and passion affect the sentiments that we entertain in matters of taste."--_Jamieson cor._ "She heard none of those intimations of her defects, which envy, petulance, _and_ anger, produce among children."--_Johnson cor._ "The King, Lords, and Commons, constitute an excellent form of government."--_Crombie et al. cor._ "If we say, 'I am the man who commands you,' the relative clause, with the antecedent _man, forms_ the predicate."--_Crombie cor._

"The spacious firmament on high,
The blue ethereal _vault_ of sky,
And spangled heav'ns, a shining frame,
Their great Original proclaim."--_Addison cor._

UNDER NOTE VI.--ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS.

"There _are_ a reputable and a disreputable practice." Or: "There is a reputable, and _there is_ a disreputable practice."--_Adams cor._ "This _man_ and this _were_ born in her."--_Milton cor._ "This _man_ and that _were_ born in her."--_Bible cor._ "This and that man _were_ born there."--_Hendrick cor._ "Thus _le_ in _l~ego_, and _le_ in _l=egi_, seem to be sounded equally long."--_Adam and Gould cor._ "A distinct and an accurate articulation _form_ the groundwork of good delivery." Or: "A distinct and accurate articulation _forms_ the groundwork of good delivery."--_Kirkham cor._ "How _are_ vocal and written language understood?"--_Sanders cor._ "The good, the wise, and the learned man, _are ornaments_ to human society." Or: "The good, wise, and learned man is an ornament to human society."--_Bartlett cor._ "_In_ some points, the expression of song and _that of_ speech _are_ identical."--_Rush cor._ "To every room, there _were_ an open and _a_ secret passage."--_Johnson cor._ "There _are_ such _things as a true_ and _a_ false taste; and the latter _as_ often directs fashion, _as_ the former."--_Webster cor._ "There _are_ such _things_ as a prudent and an imprudent institution of life, with regard to our health and our affairs."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "The lot of the outcasts of Israel, and _that of_ the dispersed of Judah, however different in one respect, have in an other corresponded with wonderful exactness."--_Hope of Israel cor._ "On these final syllables, the radical and _the_ vanishing movement _are_ performed."--_Rush cor._ "To be young or old, _and to be_ good, just, or the contrary, are physical or moral events."--_Spurzheim cor., and Felch._ "The eloquence of George Whitfield and _that_ of John Wesley _were_ very different _in_ character each from the other."--_Dr. Sharp cor._ "The affinity of _m_ for the series _beginning with b_, and _that_ of _n_ for the series _beginning with t_, give occasion for other euphonic changes."--_Fowler cor._

"Pylades' soul, and mad Orestes', _were_
In these, if _right the Greek philosopher_." Or thus:--
"Pylades' and Orestes' soul _did pass
To_ these, if we believe Pythagoras." Or, without ellipsis:--
"Pylades and Orestes' _souls_ did pass
To these, if we believe Pythagoras."--_Cowley corrected._

UNDER NOTE VII.--DISTINCT SUBJECT PHRASES.

"To be moderate in our views, and to proceed temperately in the pursuit of them, _are_ the best _ways_ to ensure success."--_L. Murray cor._ "To be of any species, and to have a right to the name of that species, _are both_ one."--_Locke cor._ "With whom, to will, and to do, _are_ the same."--_Dr. Jamieson cor._ "To profess, and to possess, _are_ very different things."--_Inst., Key_, p. 272. "To do justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with God, _are_ duties of universal obligation."--_Ib._ "To be round or square, to be solid or fluid, to be large or small, and to be moved swiftly or slowly, _are_ all equally alien from the nature of thought."--_Dr. Johnson._ "The resolving of a sentence into its elements, or parts of speech, and [_a_] stating [_of_] the accidents which belong to these, _are_ called PARSING." Or, according to Note 1st above: "The resolving of a sentence into its elements, or parts of speech, _with_ [a] stating [of] the accidents which belong to these, _is_ called PARSING."--_Bullions cor._ "To spin and to weave, to knit and to sew, _were_ once a girl's _employments_; but now, to dress, and _to_ catch a beau, _are_ all she calls _enjoyments_."--_Kimball cor._

CORRECTIONS UNDER RULE XVII AND ITS NOTES.

UNDER THE RULE ITSELF.--NOMINATIVES CONNECTED BY OR.

"We do not know in what either reason or instinct _consists_."--_Johnson corrected._ "A noun or a pronoun joined with a participle, _constitutes_ a nominative case absolute."--_Bicknell cor._ "The relative will be of that case which the verb or noun following, or the preposition going before, _uses_ to govern:" or,--"usually _governs_."--_Adam, Gould, et al., cor._ "In the different modes of pronunciation, which habit or caprice _gives_ rise to."--_Knight cor._ "By which he, or his deputy, _was_ authorized to cut down any trees in Whittlebury forest."--_Junius cor._ "Wherever objects were named, in which sound, noise, or motion, _was_ concerned, the imitation by words was abundantly obvious."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "The pleasure or pain resulting from a train of perceptions in different circumstances, _is_ a beautiful contrivance of nature for valuable purposes."--_Kames cor._ "Because their foolish vanity, or their criminal ambition, _represents_ the principles by which they are influenced, as absolutely perfect."--_D. Boileau cor._ "Hence naturally _arises_ indifference or aversion between the parties."--_Dr. Brown cor._ "A penitent unbeliever, or an impenitent believer, _is a character nowhere_ to be found."--_Tract cor._ "Copying whatever is peculiar in the talk of all those whose birth or fortune _entitles_ them to imitation."--_Johnson cor._ "Where love, hatred, fear, or contempt, _is_ often of decisive influence."--_Duncan cor._ "A lucky anecdote, or an enlivening tale, _relieves_ the folio page."--_D'Israeli cor._ "For outward matter or event _fashions_ not the character within." Or: (according to the antique style of this modern book of proverbs:)--"_fashioneth_ not the character within."--_Tupper cor._ "Yet sometimes we have seen that wine, or chance, _has_ warmed cold brains."--_Dryden cor._ "Motion is a genus; flight, a species; this flight or that flight _is an individual_."--_Harris cor._ "When _et, aut, vel, sive_, or _nec, is repeated before_ different members of the same sentence."--_Adam, Gould, and Grant, cor._ "Wisdom or folly _governs_ us."--_Fisk cor._ "_A_ or _an is_ styled _the_ indefinite article"--_Folker cor._ "A rusty nail, or a crooked pin, _shoots_ up into _a prodigy_."--_Spect. cor._ "_Is_ either the subject or the predicate in the second sentence modified?"--_Prof. Fowler cor._

"Praise from a friend, or censure from a foe,
_Is_ lost on hearers that our merits know."--_Pope cor._

UNDER THE RULE ITSELF.--NOMINATIVES CONNECTED BY NOR.

"Neither he nor she _has_ spoken to him."--_Perrin cor._ "For want of a process of events, neither knowledge nor elegance _preserves_ the reader from weariness."--_Johnson cor._ "Neither history nor tradition _furnishes_ such information."--_Robertson cor._ "Neither the form nor _the_ power of the liquids _has_ varied materially."--_Knight cor._ "Where neither noise nor motion _is_ concerned."--_Blair cor._ "Neither Charles nor his brother _was_ qualified to support such a system."--_Junius cor._ "When, therefore, neither the liveliness of representation, nor the warmth of passion _serves_, as it were, to cover the trespass, it is not safe to leave the beaten track."--_Campbell cor._ "In many countries called Christian, neither Christianity, nor its evidence, _is_ fairly laid before men."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "Neither the intellect nor the heart _is_ capable of being driven."--_Abbott cor._ "Throughout this hymn, neither Apollo nor Diana _is_ in any way connected with the Sun or Moon."--_Coleridge cor._ "Of which, neither he, nor this grammar, _takes_ any notice."--_R. Johnson cor._ "Neither their solicitude nor their foresight _extends_ so far."--_Robertson cor._ "Neither Gomara, nor Oviedo, nor Herrera, _considers_ Ojeda, or his companion Vespucci, as the first _discoverer_ of the continent of America."--_Id._ "Neither the general situation of our colonies, nor that particular distress which forced the inhabitants of Boston to take up arms, _has_ been thought worthy of a moment's consideration."--_Junius cor._

"Nor war nor wisdom _yields_ our Jews delight,
They will not study, and they dare not fight."--_Crabbe cor._

"Nor time nor chance _breeds_ such confusions yet,
Nor are the mean so rais'd, nor sunk the great."--_Rowe cor._

UNDER NOTE I.--NOMINATIVES THAT DISAGREE.