Chapter IX: Conjunctions

CORRECTIONS UNDER THE NOTES TO RULE XXII.

UNDER NOTE I.--OF TWO TERMS WITH ONE.

"The first proposal was essentially different _from_ the second, and inferior _to it._"--_Inst_. "A neuter verb _expresses_ the state _which_ a subject is in, without acting upon _any other thing_, or being acted upon by an other."--_A. Murray cor._ "I answer, You _may use_ stories and anecdotes, and ought to _do_ so."--_Todd cor._ "ORACLE, _n._ Any person _from whom_, or place _at which_, certain decisions are obtained."--_Webster cor._ "Forms of government may, and _occasionally must, be_ changed."--_Lyttelton cor._ "I have _been_, and _I still_ pretend to be, a tolerable judge."--_Sped. cor._ "Are we not lazy in our duties, or _do we not_ make a Christ of them?"--_Baxter cor._ "They may not express that idea which the author intends, but some other which only resembles _it_, or is _akin_ to it."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "We may _therefore read them_, we ought to read them, with a distinguishing eye."--_Ib._ "Compare their poverty with what they might _possess_, and ought to possess."--_Sedgwick cor._ "He is much better _acquainted with grammar_ than they are."--_L. Murray cor._ "He was more beloved _than Cinthio_, but [he was] not so much admired."--_L. Murray's Gram._, i, 222. "Will it be urged, that the four gospels are as old _as tradition, and even_ older?"--_Campbell's Rhet._, p. 207. "The court of chancery frequently mitigates and _disarms_ the common law."--_Spect. and Ware cor._ "Antony, coming along side of her ship, entered it without seeing _her_, or being seen by her."--_Goldsmith cor._ "_Into_ candid minds, truth _enters as_ a welcome _guest_."--_L. Murray cor._ "_There are_ many designs _in which_ we may succeed, _to our ultimate ruin_."--_Id._ "_From_ many pursuits _in which_ we embark with pleasure, _we are destined to_ land sorrowfully."--_Id._ "They _gain_ much _more_ than I, by this unexpected event."--_Id._

UNDER NOTE II.--OF HETEROGENEOUS TERMS.

"Athens saw them entering her gates and _filling_ her academies."--_Chazotte cor._ "_Neither_ have we forgot his past _achievements_, nor _do we_ despair of his future success."--_Duncan cor._ "Her monuments and temples had long been shattered, or _had_ crumbled into dust."--_Journal cor._ "Competition is excellent; _it is_ the vital principle in all these things."--_Id._ "Whether provision should, or _should_ not, be made, _in order_ to meet this exigency."--_Ib._. "That our Saviour was divinely inspired, and _that he was_ endued with supernatural powers, are positions that are here taken for granted."--_L. Mur. cor._ "It would be much more eligible, to contract or enlarge their extent by explanatory notes and observations, than _to sweep_ away our ancient landmarks and _set_ up others."--_Id._ "It is certainly much better to supply defects and abridge superfluities by occasional notes and observations, than _to disorganize_ or _greatly alter_ a system which has been so long established."--_Id._ "To have only one tune, or measure, is not much better than _to have_ none at all."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "Facts too well known and _too_ obvious to be insisted on."--_Id._ "In proportion as all these circumstances are happily chosen, and _are_ of a sublime kind."--_Id._ "If the description be too general, and _be_ divested of circumstances."--_Id._ "He gained nothing _but commendation_."--_L. Mur. cor._ "I cannot but think its application somewhat strained and _misplaced_."--_Vethake cor._ "Two negatives _standing_ in the same clause, or referring to the same thing, destroy each other, and leave the sense affirmative."--_Maunder cor._ "Slates are _thin plates of stone_, and _are often_ used to cover _the_ roofs of houses."--_Webster cor._ "Every man of taste, and _of_ an elevated mind, ought to feel almost the necessity of apologizing for the power he possesses."--_Translator of De Staël cor._ "They very seldom trouble themselves with _inquiries_, or _make any_ useful observations of their own."--_Locke cor._

"We've both the field and honour won;
_Our foes_ are profligate, and run."--_S. Butler cor._

UNDER NOTE III.--IMPORT OF CONJUNCTIONS.

"THE is sometimes used before adverbs in the comparative _or the_ superlative degree."--_Lennie, Bullions, and Brace cor._ "The definite article THE is frequently applied to adverbs in the comparative _or the_ superlative degree."--_Lowth. Murray, et al, cor._ "Conjunctions usually connect verbs in the same mood _and_ tense." Or, more truly: "Verbs connected by _a conjunction, are_ usually in the same mood _and_ tense."--_Sanborn cor._ "Conjunctions connect verbs in the same style, and usually in the same mood, tense, _and_ form." Or better: "Verbs connected by _a conjunction_, are usually _of_ the same mood, tense, _and_ form, _as well as_ style."--_Id._ "The ruins of Greece _or_ Rome are but the monuments of her former greatness."--_P. E. Day cor._ "It is not improbably, _that in many of these cases_ the articles were used originally."--_Priestley cor._ "I cannot doubt that these objects are really what they appear to be."--_Kames cor._ "I question not _that_ my reader will be as much pleased with it."--_Spect. cor._ "It is ten to one _that_ my friend Peter is among them."--_Id._ "I doubt not _that_ such objections as these will be made"--_Locke cor._ "I doubt not _that_ it will appear in the perusal of the following sheets."--_Buchanan cor._ "It is not improbable, that in time these different constructions maybe appropriated to different uses."--_Priestley cor._ "But to forget _and_ to remember at pleasure, are equally beyond the power of man."--_Idler cor._ "The nominative case follows the verb, in interrogative _or_ imperative sentences."--_L. Mur. cor._ "Can the fig-tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? _or_ a vine, figs?"--_Bible cor._ "Whose characters are too profligate _for_ the managing of them _to_ be of any consequence."--_Swift cor._ "You, that are a step higher than a philosopher, a divine, yet have too much grace and wit to be a bishop."--_Pope cor._ "The terms _rich and poor_ enter not into their language."--_Robertson cor._ "This pause is but seldom, _if_ ever, sufficiently dwelt upon." Or: "This pause is seldom _or never_ sufficiently dwelt upon."--_Gardiner cor._ "There would be no possibility of any such thing as human life _or_ human happiness."--_Bp. Butler cor._ "The multitude rebuked them, _that_ they should hold their peace."--_Bible cor._

UNDER NOTE IV.--THE CONJUNCTION THAN.

"A metaphor is nothing _else than_ a short comparison." Or: "A metaphor is nothing _but_ a short comparison."--_Adam and Gould cor._ "There being no other dictator here _than_ use."--_Murray's Gram._, i, 364. "This construction is no otherwise known in English, _than_ by supplying the first or _the_ second person plural."--_Buchanan cor._ "Cyaxares was no sooner _on_ the throne, _than_ he was engaged in a terrible war."--_Rollin cor._ "Those classics contain little else _than_ histories of murders."--_Am. Mu. cor._ "Ye shall not worship any other _than_ God."--_Sale cor._ "Their relation, therefore, is not otherwise to be ascertained, _than_ by their place."--_Campbell cor._ "For he no sooner accosted her, _than_ he gained his point."--_Burder cor._ "And all the modern writers on this subject, have done little else _than_ translate them."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "One who had no other aim _than_ to talk copiously and plausibly."--_Id._ "We can refer it to no other cause _than_ the structure of the eye."--_Id._ "No more is required _than_ singly an act of vision."--_Kames cor._ "We find no more in its composition, _than_ the particulars now mentioned."--_Id._ "_He does not pretend_ to say, that it _has_ any other effect _than_ to raise surprise."--_Id._ "No sooner was the princess dead, _than_ he freed himself."--_Dr. S. Johnson cor._ "OUGHT is an imperfect verb, for it has no modification besides this one."--_Priestley cor._ "The verb is palpably nothing else _than_ the tie."--_Neef cor._ "Does he mean that theism is capable of nothing else _than_ of being opposed to polytheism or atheism?"--_Dr. Blair cor._ "Is it meant that theism is capable of nothing else _than of_ being opposed to polytheism or atheism?"--_L. Murray cor._ "There is no other method of teaching that of which any one is ignorant, _than_ by means of something already known."--_Ingersoll's Grammar, Titlepage: Dr. Johnson cor._ "O fairest flower, no sooner blown _than_ blasted!"--_Milton cor._ "Architecture and gardening cannot otherwise entertain the mind, than by raising certain agreeable emotions or feelings."--_Kames cor._ "Or, rather, they are nothing else _than_ nouns."--_Brit. Gram. cor._

"As if religion were intended
For nothing else than to be mended."--_S. Butler cor._

UNDER NOTE V.--RELATIVES EXCLUDE CONJUNCTIONS.

"To prepare the Jews for the reception of a prophet mightier than _himself, a teacher_ whose shoes he was not worthy to bear."--_Anon, or Mur. cor._ "Has this word, which represents an action, an object after it, on which _the action_ terminates?"--_Osborne cor._ "The stores of literature lie before him, from which he may collect for use many lessons of wisdom."-- _Knapp cor._ "Many and various great advantages of this grammar _over_ others, might be enumerated."--_Greenleaf cor._ "The custom which still prevails, of writing in lines from left to right, is said to have been introduced about the time of Solon, the Athenian legislator."--_Jamieson cor._ "The fundamental rule _for_ the construction of sentences, _the rule_ into which all others might be resolved, undoubtedly is, to communicate, in the clearest and most natural order, the ideas which we mean to _express_."--_Blair and Jamieson cor._ "He left a son of a singular character, who behaved so ill that he was put in prison."--_L. Murray cor._ "He discovered in the youth some disagreeable qualities which to him were wholly unaccountable."--_Id._ "An emphatical pause is made after something _of_ peculiar moment has been said, on which we _wish_ to fix the hearer's attention." Or: "An emphatical pause is made after something has been said _which is_ of peculiar moment, _and_ on which we _wish_ to fix the hearer's attention."--_Blair and Murray cor._ "But we have duplicates of each, agreeing in movement, though differing in measure, and _making_ different impressions on the ear,"--_Murray cor._

UNDER NOTE VI.--OF THE WORD THAT.

"It will greatly facilitate the labours of the teacher, _and_, at the same time, it will relieve the pupil _from_ many difficulties."--_Frost cor._ "_While_ the pupil is engaged in the exercises just mentioned, it will be proper _for him_ to study the whole grammar in course."--_Bullions cor._ "On the same ground _on which_ a participle and _an_ auxiliary are allowed to form a tense."--_Beattie and Murray cor._ "On the same ground _on which_ the voices, moods, and tenses, are admitted into the English tongue."--_L. Murray cor._ "The five examples last mentioned, are corrected on the same principle that _is applied to the errors_ preceding _them_."--_Murray and Ingersoll cor._ "The brazen age began at the death of Trajan, and lasted till Rome was taken by the Goths."--_Gould cor._ "The introduction to the duodecimo edition is retained in this volume, for the same reason _for which_ the original introduction to the Grammar is retained in the first volume."--_L. Murray cor._ "The verb must also _agree in person with its subject or_ nominative."--_Ingersoll cor._ "The personal pronoun 'THEIR' is plural for the same reason _for which_ 'WHO' is plural."--_Id._ "The Sabellians could not justly be called Patripassians, in the same sense _in which_ the Noëtians were so called."--_R. Adam cor._ "This is one reason _why_ we pass over such smooth language without suspecting that it contains little or no meaning."--_L. Murray cor._ "The first place _at which the two_ armies came _within_ sight of each other, was on the opposite banks of the river Apsus."--_Goldsmith cor._ "At the very time _at which_ the author gave him the first book for his perusal."--_Campbell cor._ "Peter will sup at the time _at which_ Paul will dine."--_Fosdick cor._ "Peter will be supping _when_ Paul will enter."--_Id._ "These, _while_ they may serve as models to those who may wish to imitate them, will give me an opportunity to cast more light upon the principles of this book."--_Id._

"Time was, like thee, they life _possess'd_,
And time shall be, _when_ thou shalt rest."--_Parnell cor._

UNDER NOTE VII.--OF THE CORRESPONDENTS.

"Our manners should be _neither_ gross nor excessively refined."--_Murray's Key_, ii, 165. "A neuter verb expresses neither action _nor_ passion, but being, or a state of being."--_O. B. Peirce cor._ "The old books are neither English grammars, _nor in any sense_ grammars of the English language."--_Id._ "The author is apprehensive that his work is not yet _so_ accurate and _so_ much simplified as it may be."--_Kirkham cor._ "The writer could not treat some _topics so_ extensively as [it] was desirable [to treat them]."--_Id._ "Which would be a matter of such nicety, _that_ no degree of human wisdom could regulate _it_."--_L. Murray cor._ "No undertaking is so great or difficult, _that_ he cannot direct _it_."--_Duncan cor._ "It is a good which depends _neither_ on the will of others, nor on the affluence of external fortune."--_Harris cor._ "Not only his estate, _but_ his reputation too, has suffered by his misconduct."--_Murray and Ingersoll cor._ "Neither do they extend _so_ far as might be imagined at first view."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "There is no language so poor, but _that_ it _has_ (or, _as not to have_) two or three past tenses."--_Id. "So_ far as this system is founded in truth, language appears to be not altogether arbitrary in its origin."--_Id._ "I have not _such_ command of these convulsions as is necessary." Or: "I have not _that_ command of these convulsions _which_ is necessary."--_Spect. cor._ "Conversation with such _as_ (or, _those who_) know no arts _that_ polish life."--_Id._ "And which cannot be _either_ very lively or very forcible."--_Jamieson cor._ "To _such a_ degree as to give proper names to rivers."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "In the utter overthrow of such _as_ hate to be reformed."--_Barclay cor._ "But still so much of it is retained, _that it_ greatly injures the uniformity of the whole."--_Priestley cor._ "Some of them have gone to _such a_ height of extravagance, as to assert," &c.--_Id._ "A teacher is confined, not more than a merchant, and probably not _so_ much."--_Abbott cor._ "It shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world, _nor_ in the world to come." Or: "It shall not be forgiven him, _either_ in this world, _or_ in the world to come."--_Bible cor._ "Which _nobody_ presumes, or is so sanguine _as_ to hope."--_Swift cor._ "For the torrent of the voice left neither time, _nor_ power in the organs, to shape the words properly."--_Sheridan cor._ "That he may neither unnecessarily waste his voice by throwing out too much, _nor_ diminish his power by using too little."--_Id._ "I have retained only such _as_ appear most agreeable to the measures of analogy."--_Littleton cor._ "He is a man both prudent and industrious."--_P. E. Day cor._ "Conjunctions connect either words or sentences."--_Brown's Inst._, p. 169.

"Such silly girls _as_ love to chat and play,
Deserve no care; their time is thrown away."--_Tobitt cor._

"Vice is a monster of so frightful mien,
_That_ to be hated _she_ but needs be seen."--_Pope cor._

"Justice must punish the rebellious deed;
Yet punish so _that_ pity shall exceed."--_Dryden cor._

UNDER NOTE VIII.--IMPROPER ELLIPSES.

"THAT, WHOSE, and AS, relate either to persons or _to_ things." Or better:--"relate _as well_ to persons _as to_ things."--_Sanborn cor._ "WHICH and WHAT, as adjectives, relate either to persons or _to_ things." Or better:--"relate to persons _as well as to_ things."--_Id._ "Whether of a public or _of a_ private nature."--_J. Q. Adams cor._ "Which are included _among both_ the public and _the_ private wrongs."--_Id._ "I might extract, both from the Old and _from the_ New Testament, numberless examples of induction."--_Id._ "Many verbs are used both in an active and _in a_ neuter signification." Or thus: "Many verbs are used _in both_ an active and _a_ neuter signification."--_Lowth, Mur., et al., cor._ "Its influence is likely to be considerable, both on the morals and _on the_ taste of a nation."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "The subject afforded a variety of scenes, both of the awful and _of the_ tender kind."--_Id._ "Restlessness of mind disqualifies us both for the enjoyment of peace, and _for_ the performance of our duty."--_Mur. and Ing. cor. "Pronominal adjectives_ are of a mixed nature, participating the properties both of pronouns and _of_ adjectives."--_Mur. et al. cor. "Pronominal adjectives_ have the nature both of the adjective and _of_ the pronoun."--_Frost cor._ Or: "[Pronominal adjectives] partake of the properties _of both_ adjectives _and_ pronouns."--_Bucke's Gram._, p. 55. "Pronominal adjectives are a kind of compound part of speech, partaking the nature both of pronouns and _of_ adjectives."--_Nutting cor._ "Nouns are used either in the singular or _in the_ plural number." Or perhaps better: "Nouns are used _in either_ the singular or _the_ plural number."--_David Blair cor._ "The question is not, whether the nominative or _the_ accusative ought to follow the particles THAN and AS; but, whether these particles are, in such particular cases, to be regarded as conjunctions or _as_ prepositions"--_Campbell cor._ "In English, many verbs are used both as transitives and _as_ intransitives."--_Churchill cor._ "He sendeth rain both on the just and _on the_ unjust."--See _Matt._, v, 45. "A foot consists either of two or _of_ three syllables."--_David Blair cor._ "Because they participate the nature both of adverbs and _of_ conjunctions."--_L. Murray cor._ "Surely, Romans, what I am now about to say, ought neither to be omitted, nor _to_ pass without notice."--_Duncan cor._ "Their language frequently amounts, not only to bad sense, but _to nonsense_."--_Kirkham cor._ "Hence arises the necessity of a social state to man, both for the unfolding, and _for the_ exerting, of his nobler faculties."--_Sheridan cor._ "Whether the subject be of the real or _of the_ feigned kind."--_Dr. H. Blair cor._ "Not only was liberty entirely extinguished, but arbitrary power _was_ felt in its heaviest and most oppressive weight."--_Id._ "This rule is _also_ applicable both to verbal Critics and _to_ Grammarians."--_Hiley cor._ "Both the rules and _the_ exceptions of a language must have obtained the sanction of good usage."--_Id._