Chapter IV: TEPHROPHANAE. Brown or greyish

* _Gills crowded, rather narrow._

=rancida=, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-5 cm. umb. dusky grey with a white silkiness; g. free, narrow, grey; s. 7-12 cm. glabrous, grey, rooting; sp. 7-10 x 4-5.

Distinguished among strong-smelling species by the rooting stem.

[=ignobilis=, Karst. P. plane, subdepr. edge spreading, livid, hoary, pale when dry; g. crowded, dingy pallid; s. livid, floccosely pruinose; sp. 7-8 x 4.

[=daemonica=, Karst. P. convex then exp. subumb. glabrous, rather virgate, livid fuscous, disc blackish, pale when dry; g. adnate, crowded, smoky, blackish when bruised; s. equal, glabrous, wavy, fibrillosely striate, pallid, apex white flocculose; sp. 8-10 x 4-5.

=coracina=, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-3 cm. exp. naked, hygr. brownish then grey; g. greyish-white; s. 2-3 cm. hollow, rigid, not rooting, brown, apex mealy-squamulose; sp. ----.

Differs from _C. rancida_ in the short stem thickened at base, and not rooting; _C. ozes_ differs from present in long, slender, flexuous stem.

=ozes=, Fr. Smell strong. P. 3-5 cm. exp. umb. naked, glabrous, hygr. margin striate, greyish brown; g. adnexed, grey then olive; s. 6-10 cm. subflexuous, slender, fragile, slightly striate, grey, apex with white meal; sp. ----.

_C. rancida_ differs in free gills and rooting stem.

[=mephitica=, Fr. Smell strong. P. exp. subumb. even, adpressedly innately silky, whitish; g. obtusely adnate, crowded, whitish; s. filiform, obsoletely fistulose, tough, grey, pruinosely velvety.

=inolens=, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. umb. glabrous, livid or pale tan; g. adnexed, greyish-white; s. 5-9 cm. livid, undulate, base white-strigose, apex white squamulose; sp. 7-8 x 4-5.

_C. plexipes_ and _C. protracta_ differ in having the stem glabrous at the apex.

=plexipes=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. camp. rather rugulose, slightly striate, glabrous, sooty; g. free; s. 5-7 cm. livid, silky fibrillose, rooting; sp. 8-9 x 5.

Differs from _C. protracta_ in free gills.

[=miser=, Fr. P. subumb. glabrous, margin striate; g. adnate, grey; s. fuscous, apex mealy.

[=atramentosa=, Kalchb. P. exp. subumb. rugulose, livid then sooty, flesh black; g. narrow, becoming blackish; s. naked, colour of p.

[=fuliginaria=, Weinm. P. fuscous, with down; g. glaucous; s. fuscous, flocculose.

=atrata=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. pitch-black then brown, even, exp. or depr. margin arched; g. adnate; s. 2-2.5 cm. even, glabrous, brown outside and inside; sp. ----.

=ambusta=, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. papillate, slightly striate, glabrous, livid brown; g. adnate, tinged fuscous; s. 1.5-2 cm. somewhat stuffed, tough, livid; sp. 5-6 x 3-4.

Differs from _C. atrata_ in umbonate pileus.

** _Gills very broad, more or less distant._

=lacerata=, Lasch. P. 2.5-3.5 cm. camp. moist, streaked dark brown on pale ground; g. adnexed, broad, thick, greyish; s. 5-9 cm. twisted, fibrous, apex floccose; sp. ----.

[=phalliodorus=, Alex. Foetid, convex, subumbilicate, at length lobed, dingy ochraceous; g. adnate, white; s. glabrous.

=murina=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. umbilicate, glabrous then rugulosely squamulose, dark brown then pale; g. slightly adnexed, broad; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, cylindrical, not rooting, grey; sp. 7 x 4.

Somewhat resembling _C. atrata_, differing in very broad almost free gills.

[=glacialis=, Fr. P. watery, fragile, obtuse, dusky fuscous then pale; g. free, grey; s. grey, naked.

=protracta=, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. exp. shining, disc fleshy, depressed, subpapillate, greyish brown, margin striate; g. broad, grey; s. 5-7 cm. glabrous, root long fibrillosely strigose; sp. ----.

=tesquorum=, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. plane, obtuse, even, blackish then pale; g. free, greyish brown; s. 3-5 cm. thin, brown, apex pruinose; sp. ----.

[=cessans=, Karst. P. exp. then depr. glabrous, striate, pallid fuscous then pale and hoary, sublubricous; g. adnate, then adnato-decur. connected by veins, whitish; s. solid, pallid, apex pruinose.

=clusilis=, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. umbilicate, glabrous, hygr. livid then pale; g. arcuately adfixed, semicircular, broad; s. 2-4 cm. glabrous, pallid, not rooting; sp. ----.

Differs from _C. tylicolor_ and _C. nummularia_ in umbilicate pileus, and decurrent tooth to gills.

[=erosa=, Fr. P. exp. striate, hygr. silky when dry, grey; g. broadly emarginate, greyish; s. greyish-white, glabrous.

=tylicolor=, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. subumb. even, glabrous, bluish-grey, with white meal when young; g. free, distant, broad, grey; s. 2-3 cm. pulverulent, grey; sp. ----.

_Introduced species._

=Dorotheae=, B. P. 2 cm. globose then exp. subumb. dark brown then paler, sulcate, squarroso-setulose; g. white, distant; s. 5-6 cm. slender, minutely discoid at base, granulated like pileus and beset with white bristles.

=caldarii=, B. P. 1 cm. hemispherical, umb. brown, rugose; g. grey; s. 4-5 cm. pale grey, cartilaginous; sp. ----.

MARASMIUS, Fr.

A. COLLYBIA. _Margin of pileus incurved at first. Stem
cartilaginous; mycelium floccose._