Chapter C: MUSCIGENI. Resembling a Galera with a ring; hygr

=pumila=, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. hemispher. even, ochre; g. adnate, crowded, broad, yellow then pallid; s. 3-4 cm. slender, ring fugacious, forming a zone; sp. 8-10 x 5-6.

[=muscigena=, Q. Honey yellow then pale ochre. P. campan. umb. thin, striate; g. triquetrous, thin, pale then ochre; s. slender, fistulose, fibrillose, slightly striate, cottony at the base; ring membranous, narrow, saffron-ochre; sp. 8-9 long.

=mycenoides=, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex, everywhere striate, hygr. rusty then tawny or pallid; g. adnate; s. 3-4 cm. rusty, glabrous, ring white; sp. 8-10 x 5-6.

=rufidula=, Kalchbr. P. exp. depr. not striate, rather rufous brick-red then pale, white-flocculose at edge; g. adnate, branched; s. watery rufescent, white-fibrillose, ring superior; sp. 8-10 x 4-6.

PLUTEOLUS, Fr.

=reticulatus=, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. campan. exp. viscid, reticulated with raised anastomosing wrinkles, pale violet; g. free, rusty saffron; s. 3-5 cm. fragile, fibrillose; sp. 7 x 4.

[=dictyotus=, Kalchbr. Entirely pale ochraceous. P. campan. exp. umb. dry, with anastomosing raised veins; g. free; s. fragile, even, glabrous.

Differs from _P. reticulatus_ in colour, and in growing on the ground.

=aleuriatus=, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conical then convexo-plane, viscid, striate, grey, livid, rosy, &c.; g. free, ventricose, saffron-ochre; s. thin, pulverulent, subincurved, white; sp. ----.

BOLBITIUS, Fr.

=grandiusculus=, Cke. and Mass. P. 2.5-5 cm. thin, campan. exp. slightly striate, pale yellow, disc rufous; g. free, rusty ochre; s. 6-9 cm. narrowed upwards, hollow, white; sp. 15 x 5-6.

=vitellinus=, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. ovate then exp. viscid, egg-yellow, even then sulcate at the edge; g. adnexed, ochre then tan; s. 6-7 cm. equal, white, squamulose, hollow; g. 10 x 6.

Differs from _B. flavidus_ in white stem, and from _B. Boltoni_ in clear yellow p. not depressed at disc.

=Boltoni=, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. viscid, even, edge becoming sulcate, yellow then pale, disc darker and subdepr.; g. subadnate, yellow then livid fuscous; s. 4-5 cm. narrowed upwards, yellowish, at first flocculose; sp. 14 x 8.

=flavidus=, Bolton. P. 2-4 cm. glutinous, conical then exp. disc a little elevated, pale yellow, edge striate; g. almost free, yellow then brownish; s. 4-6 cm. slightly tapering, yellow; sp. 10 x 6.

=fragilis=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. viscid, pellucid, edge striate, subumb. yellow then pale; g. yellowish then pale cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. narrowed upwards, naked, glabrous, yellow; sp. 7 x 3.5. (14-15 x 8-9 Sacc.)

[=bulbillosus=, Fr. P. convex-campan. exp. not striate, pale yellowish fuscous; g. free, ventricose, rusty; s. attenuated upwards from a somewhat marginate bulb, whitish yellow, glabrous; sp. 10-14 x 8.

=affinis=, Mass. (sp. nov.) P. 1-2 cm. campan. then exp. umb. glabrous, dry, edge striate, yellowish tawny like the narrow, adnexed g.; s. 4-7 cm. attenuated upwards from a marginate bulb, white, shining; sp. 8 x 6.

Differs from _B. bulbillosus_ in the pure white s., and umbonate, striate, tawny yellow p. which is whitish when dry.

[=conocephalus=, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. conico-campan. fragile, slightly striate, viscid at the apex, creamy yellow; g. free, ventricose, becoming ochre; s. slender, elongated, pruinose at the apex, white; sp. 10 long.

=titubans=, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. ovoid-campan. thin, glabrous, diaphanous, yellow, becoming striate, plaited and greyish at the edge; g. free, yellow then reddish or ochre; s. hollow, slender, very fragile, 3-5 cm. mealy, white, shining; sp. 12-14 x 8.

=apicalis=, W. G. Sm. P. 2-3 cm. high, conical, not exp. striate and brown up to ochre disc; g. free, rusty; s. 3 cm. base thickened, striate, white; sp. 9 x 6-7.

=rivulosus=, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. campan. striate, rivulose, dingy tan; g. cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. narrowed upwards, smooth, white; sp. 10-12 x 6-7.

=niveus=, Mass. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtusely umb. smooth, rather viscid, edge striate, pure white; g. free, salmon-colour; s. 7-9 cm. clavato-bulbous and gradually narrowed upwards; sp. salmon-colour, 18 x 9-10.

=tener=, Berk. P. 1-2 cm. long, not exp. even, smooth, moist, yellowish-white; g. nearly free, salmon-colour; s. 3-6 cm. clavato-bulbous, white; sp. salmon-colour, 15-16 x 8-10.

=luteolus=, Lasch. Very thin, p. campan. plicato-sulcate, yellow; g. free, yellow then livid; s. filiform, glabrous, pallid.

=pusillus=, Borsz. Very thin, campan. sulcato-plicate above middle, viscid; g. free, cinnamon; s. pale yellow, white-squamulose.

=purifluus=, Lasch. P. very thin, exp. flocculose, sulcate, yellow; g. free, narrow, subochraceous; s. narrowed, mealy, yellowish.

[=Ozonii=, Schulz. P. thin, conico-campan. exp. disc even, cinnamon or fuscous, rest pale ochre and densely striate; g. adnexed, closely crowded, pale then colour of p.; s. 2-6 springing from a common fleshy mass, or solitary and subbulbous, white; sp. 7-11 x 5.

INOCYBE, Fr.

A. SQUARROSI. _Pileus at first squarrose, stem scaly, both somewhat
fuscous._

=hystrix=, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convexo-plane, mouse-colour, with revolute, squarrose scales; g. grey then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. thickened upwards, with rings of reflexed scales, pale above ring; sp. 10 x 5.

=relicina=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. conico-exp. with squarrose tomentose scales, sooty; g. yellow then olive; s. 4-5 cm. solid, equal, floccosely scaly; sp. ----.

=calamistrata=, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-4 cm. campan. obtuse, squarrose with rigid recurved scales, brown; g. white then rusty; s. 4-5 cm. solid, rigid, base blue, squarrosely scaly everywhere, fuscous; sp. 10-11 x 5. Flesh reddish.

=hirsuta=, Lasch. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conico-campan. acute, squarrose with scales formed of fascicles of hairs, fuscous-ochre, disc sometimes greenish; g. narrow, pallid then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. solid, slender, floccosely scaly above, base greenish; sp. ----.

=lanuginosa=, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. exp. obtuse, floccosely scaly, those of disc erect, umber then yellowish; g. toothed, pallid then clay-colour; s. 2-3 cm. thin fibrillosely scaly, apex with white meal; sp. rough, 8 or 10; 12 x 5 (Cke.)

=squarrulosa=, Karst. (= _Clypeus_, Karst.) P. convex then plane, obtuse, fibrillose, fuscescent, disc squarrosely squamulose, fuscous; g. crowded, white-crenulate; s. equal, brownish-squamulose; sp. 10 x 7-8.

=dulcamara=, A. and S. P. 3-5 cm. convex, umb. pilosely-scaly, fuscous-olive; g. pallid then olive; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillosely squamulose from the veil, apex mealy; sp. 8-10 x 5.

=plumosa=, Bolton. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, disc with erect pilose fascicles, edge fibrillose, mouse-grey; g. quite entire, whitish then smoky; s. 3-6 cm. slender, wavy, floccosely scaly, apex naked; sp. 8-9 x 4-5.

=cincinnata=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convexo-plane, squarrosely squamose, somewhat fuscous; g. fuscous violet; s. 2-3 cm. solid, slender, scaly; sp. 7-8. (8-10 x 5 Sacc.)

=haemacta=, B. and Cke. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, floccosely fibrillose with dark fibrils, disc scaly and darker; g. dingy tan; s. 4-5 cm. scarcely fibrillose, whitish above, tinged verdigris at base; sp. 8 x 4-5.

Flesh turning blood-red when bruised.

=leucocephala=, Boud. P. white, convex, entirely covered with erect scales; g. free, broad, fawn; s. short, white, coarsely fibrillose throughout; sp. rough, 9-11 x 6-8.

B. LACERI. _Pileus torn into scales or fibrils (not cracking); stem
coloured, paler than pileus, fibrillose._

=pyriodora=, Pers. Smell pleasant. P. 4-7 cm. umb. adpressedly fibroso-scaly, fuscous ochre then pale; g. emarginate, rather distant; s. 6-10 cm. solid, equal, fibrillose, pale, apex pruinose; sp. 10 x 6. Flesh with red tinge.

[=corydalina=, Q. Strong-scented. P. whitish, umbo bluish-green; g. narrow, white then fuscous; stem white pruinose; sp. 10 long.

var. _roseolus_, Pat. Larger than type. P. entirely bluish green, edge white-append.; flesh tinged rosy.

[=violascens=, Q. P. splitting, fawn, umbo lilac; g. lilac; s. hollow, white, apex striate, lilac, ring floccose, white; sp. 12-15 long.

=incarnata=, Bres. P. 4-7 cm. campan. convex, broadly umb. fibrillose then squamulose, edge fimbriate, yellowish then tinged red; g. sinuate, edge fimbriate becoming spotted or tinged red; s. 4-6 cm. fibrillose, rosy, apex white and mealy; sp. 10 x 6.

=scaber=, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. conico-convex, obtusely gibbous, with scattered adpressed fibrillose scales, smoky then pallid; g. crowded, somewhat smoky; s. 2-3 cm. thick, equal, silky fibrillose; sp. 11 x 5, Cke.; 7 x 3-4, Pat.

var. _firma_, Fr. P. fuscous tan with fuscous scales; s. velvety.

=maritima=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, exp. flocculosely fibrillose, hygr. umber then grey; g. broad, grey then rusty; s. 2-3 cm. solid, floccosely fibrillose, smoky; sp. rough, 9-10.

=violaceafusca=, Cke. and Mass. P. 2-5 cm. convex then exp. obtusely umb. concentrically scaly, fibrillose, dry, umber, edge torn; g. violet then umber, edge paler, serrulate; s. 4-6 cm. equal, smooth, violet above; sp. 7-8 x 4.

=lacera=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex, exp. obtusely umb. fibrillosely scaly, mouse-grey then pale; g. broad pale rufescent then mouse-grey; s. 3-4 cm. fuscous-fibrillose, apex naked, red inside; sp. 12 x 6.

Distinguished from _I. scabra_ and _I. mutica_ by being reddish inside of s.

[=abjecta=, Karst. P. convex exp. even, fuscescent, white-fibrous, disc fibrously scaly; g. adnate, broad, ventricose in front, cinnamon tinged olive; s. pallid, white-floccose, apex white-pruinose; sp. 10-13 x 5-7.

[=trivialis=, Karst. P. conico-campan. exp. usually depr. obtusely umb. rimose, disc sometimes scaly pallid or mouse-colour changing to bay; g. crowded; s. solid, equal, subrufescent, at length dusky outside and inside, not bulbous; sp. 10-12 x 4-5.

[=rhodiola=, Bresad. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. fibrillosely scaly then almost glabrous, rufous-umber then pale; g. becoming rusty-olive, edge white-pruinose, becoming rufous spotted; s. fibrillose, subequal, apex glabrous tinged yellow, reddish downwards, spotted reddish when bruised; flesh whitish, base of s. red; sp. 10-12 x 6-7.

=fasciata=, Cke. and Mass. Caespitose. P. 4-7 cm. campan.-convex, pale tan disc rufous, silky, covered with small, dark, squarrose scales; g. pallid; s. 4-7 cm. fibrillose, reddish outside and inside at base, rest pallid, solid; sp. rough, 10 x 6.

[=rufoalba=, Pat. and Doass. P. convex, mammillate, brown, silky white tomentum everywhere except umbo; g. nearly free, rusty brown; s. equal, pubescent, rusty, not bulbous; sp. rough, 9-10 x 4-5.

=flocculosa=, Berk. Smell strong. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. umb. subcampan. silkily squamulose, tawny brown; g. fawn then rusty; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, reddish, pulverulent above; sp. 10 x 5-6.

=Bongardii=, Weinm. Smell pleasant, like bergamot. P. 2-5 cm. campan. obtuse, disc scaly, fibrillose towards edge, fuscous then pale; g. broad, pale reddish then cinnamon; s. 4-9 cm. solid, rigid, pallid rufous, silky and red below, apex with white meal; sp. 10-12 x 6.

[=Merletii=, Q. P. convex, hoary, virgate with brownish fibrils; g. milky white then brownish fawn; s. whitish, stuffed, fibrillosely striate, ring floccose, white; sp. 11-14 long.

[=capucina=, Fr. P. conico-campan. acute, everywhere fibrillosely scaly, dusky fuscous, edge paler; g. adnate, crowded, fuscous; s. solid, short, fibrillose, fuscous; sp. rough, 10.

[=cucullata=, C. Mart. Smell like camphor. P. variable in form, campan. campan.-convex, sometimes irreg. scaly, tawny, disc darker; g. broad, edge white, serrulate; s. subequal, hollow, glabrous, paler than p.; sp. smooth.

[=asinina=, Kalchbr. P. convex then plane, rather gibbous, adpressedly fibrillose, hoary then rufescent tan; g. greyish yellow then cinnamon; s. solid, brownish tan, loosely fibrillose and cingulate from the superior veil.

[=connexifolia=, Gill. Smell like ripe fruit. P. conical then exp. umb. with adpressed fibrillose scales especially at centre; g. arcuate, connected by veins, whitish, olive-rufous, finally cinnamon; s. fibrously squamulose, white then tinged pink, white above; sp. smooth. Flesh reddish when cut.

=mutica=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex then plane, very obtuse then depr. squamulose, whitish, fuscous-fibrillose; g. adnate, crowded; s. hollow, pale straw-colour then fuscescent; sp. 8 x 5. (6 x 4 Sacc.)

=carpta=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex exp. depr. dingy fuscous, with woolly filaments; g. broad, fuscous brown; s. 2-4 cm. fibrillosely woolly, hollow, narrowed downwards; sp. 8-10 x 5.

[=tenebrosa=, Q. P. campan. cracked into squamules, umber; s. fibrillosely striate, blackish olive, apex whitish; sp. 7-8 long.

=deglubens=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, umb. torn into adpressed fibrils, disc rather scaly, rufous bay then yellowish; g. dingy then cinnamon; s. 4-6 cm. solid, pallid, apex with dark scurf; sp. 10 x 6.

Differs from _I. lacera_ in dark scurfy apex of s.

=obscura=, Pers. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. then plane, umb. longitudinally fibrillose, disc scaly, blue then fuscous; g. olive then brown; s. 3-4 cm. fibrillose, brownish violet; sp. 9-10 x 5-6.

var. _rufus_, Pat. P. brownish rufous, g. ventricose, violet.

[=Gaillardii=, Gill. P. convex then exp. umbo and around scurfy, margin torn, reddish rusty; g. crowded, free, broad, colour of p.; s. slender, paler than p.; sp. globose with long slender spines.

[=calospora=, Q. P. minutely squamulose, brownish; g. milk-white; s. slender, slightly bulbous, pruinose, whitish rufous; sp. glob. strongly aculeate, 10.

[=hirtella=, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. edge soon splitting, yellowish straw-colour, densely covered with darker pilose scales; g. adnate, whitish then fuscescent, edge white-mealy; s. white becoming tinged straw-colour with a subterranean subbulbous base; sp. 10-12 x 6.

Allied to _I. calospora_, Q.

=echinata=, Roth. P. 2-5 cm. campan. then exp. pulverulent then scaly, silky, dingy brownish yellow; g. nearly or quite free, deep rose to blood-red; s. 3-5 cm. floccosely pulverulent up to imperfect ring, dull red, hollow; sp. 5 x 3.