Chapter I: COLLYBIARII. Pileus expanded from the first, edge incurved

* _Usually large, gills narrow, closely crowded._

=hydrogramma=, Fr. Livid white, white when dry. P. 4-7 cm. flaccid, thin, umbil. hygr. edge spreading, striate; g. closely crowded; s. 6-8 cm. base rooting; sp. ----.

Differs from _Clito. phyllophila_ in polished stem.

[=chrysoleuca=, Fr. P. very thin, umbil. shining, white, edge reflexed, substriate; g. yellowish; s. smooth, base thickened; sp. 8-10 x 4.

[=ventosa=, Fr. P. infundib. glabrous, flaccid, flesh-colour, hygr.; g. white then flesh-colour; s. colour of p.

[=dumosa=, Fr. P. very thin, plane, subumbil. rigid, deep brick-red; g. pallid; s. glabrous, colour of p.

=detrusa=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. rather fleshy, umbil. dark grey; g. with a decur. tooth, whitish; s. 2-3 cm. glabrous, dark grey; sp. ----.

[=umbilicata=, Fr. P. umbil. then infundib. edge reflexed, even, hygr. tinged brown, then pale but disc darker; g. whitish; s. terete, apex striate with white fibrils; sp. 6-8 x 4.

=maura=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, deeply umbil. hygr. striate, sooty brown, pale and silky when dry; g. shining white; s. 3-5 cm. rigid, straight, blackish; sp. 5-6 x 3-4.

Differs from _Col. atrata_ in decur. narrow gills.

[=lituua=, Fr. P. thin, plane, deeply umbil. hygr. even, bay then tan; g. grey; s. slightly wavy, grey.

=offuciata=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. plano-depr. flesh-colour then pale; g. colour of p.; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, reddish; sp. ----.

[=scyphoides=, Fr. Shining white. P. infundib. silky, unequal; g. narrow; s. subvillose, short; sp. 6 x 2.

[=albula=, Q. P. umbil. thin, wavy, glabrous; s. solid, slender, incurved; g. adnato-decur. unequal, yellowish; sp. 10-12 long.

[=Giovanellae=, Bres. P. thin, convex and umbil. then exp. and umbil., edge striate, silky-flocculose, grey then hoary brown; g. decur. crowded, colour of p.; s. glabrous, colour of p.; sp. 8 x 3.

Differs from _Omp. scyphoides_ in hoary-grey colour of every part.

** _Medium size; gills rather distant, narrow, narrowed at both
ends._

=chrysophylla=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, umbil. flaccid, floccose, brownish yellow then paler, edge reflexed; g. deep golden yellow; s. 3-5 cm. yellow; sp. 8 x 4.

Differs from _O. Postii_ in the floccose pileus.

=Postii=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. thin, umbil. glabrous, orange; g. whitish; s. 4-6 cm. glabrous, yellow; sp. ----.

var. _aurea_, Mass. P. very regular; g. slightly decur.; sp. 7 x 3.5.

=vesuviana=, Brig. P. infundib. orange, edge at length wavy; g. thickish, narrow; s. fibrillose, colour of p.

=pyxidata=, Bull. P. 1.5-2 cm. thin, infundib. rufous-red, radiately striate, pale when dry, hygr.; g. flesh-colour then yellowish; s. 1.5-2 cm. tough, pale tawny; sp. 7-8 x 5-6.

=leucophylla=, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. thin, quite infundib. dark grey, even; g. shining white; s. 3-5 cm. grey; sp. 10 long.

=Luffii=, Mass. Fragrant. P. 2-3 cm. convex then depr. glabrous, pallid then white; g. crowded, decur. pallid; s. 2-3 cm. solid, pallid, polished, often wavy; sp. 5 x 3.

Ground among grass &c. Differs from _Clito. fragrans_ in short, polished stem.

=costatula=, Bres. P. infundib. then revolute, brown, glabrous, edge striate wavy; g. decur. straw-colour, joined by veins; s. glabrous, tinged straw-colour, base brownish; sp. 6 x 4.

=striaepileus=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. plane, umbil. glabrous, entirely striate, livid brown, hygr.; g. white; s. 4-5 cm. tough, tinged brown; sp. rough, 6-7.

=Nevillae=, B. P. 1-1.5 cm. depr. rugose, disc granulated, striate, brown then pale; g. white, veined; s. 2-3 cm. brownish, rough, base downy; sp. ----.

_O. affricata_ differs in scaly p.

=sphagnicola=, B. P. 2-3 cm. thin, soon deeply umbil. squamulose, dingy ochraceous; g. dingy ochre; s. 3-4 cm. slightly flexuous, colour of p.; sp. 6 x 3.

=telmatiaea=, B. P. 3-7 cm. thin, pliant, soon infund. edge arched and drooping, umber, hygr. pale and silky when dry; g. pallid; s. 2-4 cm. grey, base cottony, white; sp. 7 x 4.

[=affricata=, Fr. P. umbil. then infundib. not striate, edge bent down, everywhere with blackish squamules; g. grey; s. glabrous, greyish.

[=epichysia=, Pers. Soft. P. thin, exp. umbil. sooty grey, pallid when dry, silky or floccosely scaly; g. plano-decur. whitish then grey; s. grey; sp. 8-10 x 4-5.

=philonitis=, Lasch. P. 1-2 cm. deeply umbil. edge erect, hygr. floccose when dry, grey; g. deeply decur. greyish; s. 3-5 cm. glabrous, grey; sp. 5-7 x 3.5.

Differs from _O. oniscus_ and _O. epichysium_ in erect margin of p.

[=campestris=, Rom. P. campan. umbil. then exp. sooty-fuscous, sulcate when dry; g. greyish-white, decur.; s. equal, glabrous, colour of p. Appearing late in the season; glabrous; sp. 9-13 x 6-8.

=oniscus=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, infundib. wavy, flaccid, glabrous, even, grey; g. grey; s. 2-3 cm. wavy, grey; sp. 6 x 5.

[=oniscoides=, Karst. P. convex-umbil. sometimes reflexed and concave, glabrous, everywhere pellucidly striate, sooty or livid fuscous, pallid grey when dry; g. adnate, then subdecur. white or greyish, edge denticulate, s. tinged fuscous, base darkest; sp. 5-6 x 4.

=caespitosa=, Bolt. P. 1-2 cm. thin, hemisph. umbil. sulcate, whitish ochre; g. whitish; s. 1-2 cm. coloured like p., base thickened; sp. 6 x 5.

[=arenicola=, Fr. P. thin, cup-shaped, wavy, with wart-like spots, umber; g. paler than p.; s. short, umber.

=glaucophylla=, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. infundib. plicato-striate, hygr. mouse-colour then paler; g. olive; s. stuffed, firm; sp. ----.

=rustica=, Fr. P. 5-8 mm. thin, slightly convex, umbil. striate, hygr. greyish brown then paler and silky; g. grey, edge arcuate; s. 2-2.5 cm., colour of p.; sp. ----.

Differs from _O. umbellifera_ by gills being narrowed behind.

[=scyphiformis=, Fr. White. P. infundib. glabrous; g. decur. thin; s. thin, short, glabrous.

Differs from _O. scyphoides_ in glabrous stem.

*** _Gills truly distant, broad, usually thick._

[=tricolor=, A. and S. P. ochraceous white, thin, umbil.; g. orange, at first with rosy pruinose; s. yellowish.

[=cortiseda=, Karst. P. convex then plane, radiato-striate, glabrous, pallid; g. adnato-decur. very distant, thickish, few, pallid; s. equal, hyaline, pallid; sp. 10-11 x 4-6.

[=sciopoda=, Q. P. convex then umbil. rather crisped, pale straw-colour, pruinose; g. adnate, thick, sometimes branched, straw-colour then tinged rose; s. slender, wavy, velvety-pruinose, white above, grey below.

=demissa=, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. thin, plane then umbil. striate, shining rufous then pale; g. purplish; s. 1 cm., colour of p.; sp. 7 x 5. (10-12 x 6-8 Sacc.)

[=grisella=, Karst. P. convex, disc depr. silky, sulcate, pale fuscescent, whitish when dry; g. adnate, distant, plane, whitish; s. equal, glabrous, apex pruinose, pale, becoming more or less smoky; sp. 6-10 x 2-4.

=hepatica=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. tough, rigid, infundib. glabrous, brownish flesh-colour then pale; g. narrow, whitish, connected by veins; s. 2 cm. very tough, colour of p.; sp. 5-8 x 2-4.

Differs from _O. pyxidata_ in toughness, even edge of p. and pallid gills.

=muralis=, Sow. P. 1-2 cm. becoming infundib. radiato-striate, rufous brown; g. pallid; s. 1-1.5 cm. glabrous, coloured like p.; sp. rough, 10 x 5.

[=cuneifolia=, Karst. Very fragile. P. convex then plane, obtuse, dry, glabrous, pellucidly striate when moist, sooty, tan when dry; g. adnate, distant, thickish; broad, ventricose or broadest in front, obliquely truncate, greyish; s. apex scurfy, solid; sp. 10-12 x 9-10.

[=lilacina=, Laest. P. plane, violet then pale; g. deeply decur. connected by veins, yellow; s. persistently violet.

=umbellifera=, L. P. 1-2 cm. convexo-plane, radiately striate, even and rather silky when dry, grey, yellow, brownish, pallid, &c.; g. very distant and broad behind, colour of p.; s. 1 cm. colour of p.; sp. 3 x 2.5.

var. _myochroa_, Fr. P. brownish umber; s. strigosely rooting.

var. _abiegena_, B. and Br. Pale yellow.

var. _viridis_, Fl. Dan. Every part pale green.

[=Kalchbrenneri=, Bres. P. tough, convex, umbil. subexp. glabrous, hygr. subochre; g. deeply decur. whitish; s. colour of p., base often brownish; sp. 8-10 x 4-5.

[=velutina=, Q. Downy, greyish. P. umbil. striate; g. arcuate; s. filiform, base white floccose; sp. 8 long.

=infumata=, B. and Br. P. 3-4 mm. obtuse, greenish then smoky; g. few, broad, yellow; s. 2 cm. thin, yellow, tomentose below.

[=griseolilacina=, Steinh. Entirely greyish lilac, grey when dry; p. umb. then exp. edge incurved, even, glabrous; g. adnate then decur.; s. cylindrical, equal; sp. 6-9 x 4-5.

=buccinalis=, Sow. White. P. up to 1 cm. trumpet-shaped, plane or depr.; g. deeply decur. triangular; s. expanding into p.; sp. ----.

[=hirsuta=, Q. (= _O. caricicola_, Lasch). Hyaline-white, soon flaccid. P. umbil. convex, very thin; gills or folds obliterated; s. capillary, short, pilose, base bulbillose; sp. rough, 9 long.

=retosta=, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. plano-depr. umber, polished and pale when dry; g. distant, broad, narrowed at both ends, paler than p.; s. 2 cm. glabrous, paler than p.; sp. ----.

Differs from _O. umbellifera_ in having gills narrowed behind.

=abhorrens=, B. and Br. Foetid. P. 1-1.5 cm. umbil. brown then pale; g. narrow, pale; s. 2 cm. slender, apex thickened, colour of p.; sp. ----.

=pseudoandrosacea=, Bull. P. convex, umbil. then infundib. plicate, edge crenulate, whitish or grey; g. deeply decur. segmentoid; s. slender; sp. 5-7 x 3-4.

=griseo-pallida=, Desm. P. plane, umbil. even, glabrous, brownish grey then pale; g. broadest behind, grey; s. stuffed, fuscous, 1 cm.; sp. ----.

Differs from _O. umbellifera_ and _O. rustica_ by p. not being striate when moist.

=albidopallens=, Karst. P. convex, orbicular, scarcely umbil. pellucidly striate, naked, hyaline white or pallid; g. adnate, decur. crowded, pallid; s. equal, naked, pallid; sp. 4-5 x 3.

[=schizoxylon=, Fr. P. thin, almost plane, umbil. glabrous, grey; g. narrow, paler than p.; s. rufous brown.

[=bibula=, Q. P. umbil. when moist, silky, olive-yellow then grey; g. arcuate, broad, citrin; s. tinged citrin.

Near to if not identical with _Hygr. Wynniae_.

=stellata=, Fr. White. P. convex, umbil. diaphanous, striate; g. very distant, thin, broad; s. equal, base radiately floccose; sp. 4 x 6.