Chapter C: RESUPINATI. Pileus at first resupinate; gills radiating from an

excentric point; then reflexed, sessile._

* _Pileus fleshy, uniform in texture._

=porrigens=, Pers. White. P. 4-7 cm. thin, tough, resup. then ascending, ear- or fan-shaped, glabrous upwards; g. very narrow; sp. 7-8 x 6.

Resembling _P. petaloides_ in habit but white, and no stem-like base.

[=pinsitus=, Fr. P. fleshy, soft, horizontal, silky-villose, wavy, hygr. dingy then white; g. broad, distinct; sp. rough, 10-11 long.

[=nidulans=, Pers. P. subreniform, tomentose, yellow; g. broad, tawny-orange; sp. 3-5 x 1.

[=caesiozonatus=, Rab. P. subsessile, tough, plane then depr. behind, downy, ochre-brown, zoned with bluish grey; g. broad, brownish yellow.

=septicus=, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. rather fleshy, resup. then reflexed, pubescent, white; s. thin, 2-3 mm. incurved, disappearing; g. distant; sp. 8-10 x 6.

_Claudopus variabilis_ differs in tinted gills and spores.

[=roseolus=, Q. P. convex, conchoid, translucent, striate, rather woolly, rosy-purple; g. rosy, edge darker; s. curved, downy, colour of p.; sp. 8.

** _Pileus fleshy, striate, upper surface gelatinous, or with a
viscid pellicle._

=mastrucatus=, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. resup. then exp. and horizontal, often lobed, brown, with erect bristly squamules; g. broad, greyish white; sp. ----.

[=rivulorum=, Pat. and Doas. P. subgelatinous, pellucid, rusty brown and covered with white down, horizontal or ascending; g. grey then vinous; s. lateral, tubercular, downy, white, rosy when touched; sp. 4-6.

[=tremens=, Q. P. reniform or flabellate, diaphanous, rosy-violet, tremelloid; g. sinuate, pinkish; s. lateral, colour of p.; sp. rough, 6-7.

=atrocoeruleus=, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. fleshy, downy, dusky blue; g. broad, whitish; sp. glob. 2-3.

P. sometimes brownish, and g. sometimes yellowish.

[=myxotrichus=, Lev. P. reniform, at first viscid, becoming spongy, covered with white down, sessile or with a short stem; g. rather broad, crowded; sp. 10-12 long.

[=furvellus=, Karst. P. dusky or bluish rosy, yellowish-white then brownish when old; sp. 6-9 x 4-5.

Allied to _P. unguicularis_ but larger and becoming pale.

=Leightoni=, B. P. 1-1.5 cm. at first obliquely conical then shell-shaped, umber or lead-colour, scurfy and with short black bristles; g. distant, tan, forked at base; sp. ----.

=algidus=, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. horizontal, reniform, pellicle thin, viscid, reddish-brown or grey; g. crowded, yellowish.

=fluxilis=, Fr. P. reniform, gelatinoso-viscid above, umber; g. radiating from a lateral point, distant, whitish; sp. 10 long.

[=unguicularis=, Fr. P. resup. covered with a viscid pellicle, grey or blackish; s. incurved then ascending, very short, white; g. distant, white; sp. 4-6 x 1.5.

[=Silvanus=, Sacc. P. thin, sessile, cupulate or dimidiate, resupinate then reflexed, very even, glabrous, greyish black, very minutely white-scurfy; g. broad, dingy white; sp. strongly curved, 8-9 x 3.5-4.

=cyphellaeformis=, B. P. 5-8 mm. pendulous, cup-shaped, downy or mealy, upper layer gelatinous, grey; g. narrow, distant, pure white; sp. ----.

Resembling a _Cyphella_ in habit.

[=nivosus=, Q. P. thin, campan. sessile, gelatinous, white and like parchment when dry, granularly rugose, striate, subpellucid, smoky grey, when moist with hyaline warts; g. narrow, white; sp. reniform, 12 x 2.

=applicatus=, Batsch. P. 4-8 mm. dusky grey, sessile, thin, rather firm, cupulate, resupinate then reflexed, slightly striate, subpruinose, base downy; gills broad, paler; sp. glob. 4-5.

Differs from _P. tremulus_ in absence of distinct s.

[=Mustialensis=, Karst. P. resupinate, subgelatinous within, sessile or with an exceedingly short lateral stem, black, white-tomentose; g. distant, narrow, paler; sp. 6-8 x 4.

Differs from _P. applicatus_ in black p. with white down, and dark g.

*** _Pileus membranaceous, not viscid._

=Hobsoni=, B. P. 4-7 mm. reniform or semicircular, horizontal, pale grey, downy; g. radiating, pallid; sp. ----.

Differs from _P. applicatus_ in being plane.

=striatulus=, Fr. P. 3-4 mm. very thin, pale grey, slightly cup-shaped, striate, glabrous; g. few, distant.

[=canus=, Q. P. thin, dimidiate, reniform, edge mostly lobed, whitish, downy, striate; g. very distant, adnate, white, edge fimbriate; s. rudimentary; sp. 7-9 x 5.

[=arenarius=, Lasch. Hoary-pallid, subsulcate, slightly tomentose; g. distant, thick, broad; s. absent or very short, white-floccose.

Allied to _P. striatulus_.

[=perpusillus=, Fr. White. P. very thin, resup. then reflexed, even, glabrous; g. few, broad.

[=subplicatus=, Karst. P. very thin, resup. orbicular, usually entire, almost plane, striato-plicate, rather silky, white, fixed by a white downy base; g. radiating from an excentric point, broad, whitish; sp. 6-7 x 4-5.

var. _cinereus_, Karst. Entirely pale grey or glaucous.

=hypnophilus=, B. P. 3-6 mm. very thin, flat, white, rather reniform, nearly smooth; g. radiating, distant, simple; sp. 5 x 3.

Resembling _Claudopus variabilis_, but gills and spores white.

=chioneus=, Pers. Snow white. P. 2-3 mm. very thin, subresupinate, downy; s. short, downy, evanescent; g. rather broad; sp. 10 long.

_P. septicus_ is larger; s. more distinct; p. thicker.

Differs from _P. hypnophilus_ in downy pileus.

[=craterellus=, Dur. and Lev. Cupulate, white, even, downy, edge entire; sp. 6 long.

[=pudens=, Q. P. downy, hygr. coriaceous, cup-shaped, g. radiating, thin, wavy, white tinged lilac; s. central, short.

CANTHARELLUS, Adans.

A. MESOPUS. _Pileus entire. Stem central._

* _Pileus and stem fleshy and solid._

=cibarius=. Every part opaque yellowish-buff. P. 3-7 cm. wavy then turbinate, glabrous; g. thick, distant; s. 3-5 cm. narrowed below; sp. 9 x 5-6.

Edible. Smell none when fresh, like apricots when kept for some time. Sometimes all whitish.

var. _rufipes_, Gillet. Flesh pale ochraceous, s. rufous at base.

[=amethysteus=, Q. P. thick, egg-yellow, edge flocculose violet flesh-colour; g. reticulate, yellow; s. obconic, colour of p.; sp. 11 long.

=Friesii=, Q. P. 2-3 cm. convex then depr. villose, somewhat orange; g. fold-like, branched, yellow; s. 2 cm. slender, downy, base white, narrowed; sp. 6-7 x 2-3.

With gills of _C. cibarius_ and habit of _C. aurantiacus_.

=aurantiacus=, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, depr. soft, subtomentose, dingy orange then pale; g. crowded, dichotomous, orange, rather broad; s. 1-2 cm. expanding upwards, orange, base often dark; sp. 10 x 5.

Poisonous. Perhaps should be placed under _Clitocybe_.

[=hypnorum=, Brond. P. campan. tomentose, yellowish or pale ochre; g. decur. branched, yellow; s. slender, solid, wavy, almost glabrous, yellowish.

[=rufescens=, Fr. P. plano-depr. almost glabrous, gilvous, thin; g. crowded, thin; s. elongated, stuffed, narrowed upwards.

[=olidus=, Q. (= _C. rufescens_, Q. not Fr.) P. fleshy, edge downy, white, convex then cyathiform, flesh white then pinkish; g. decur. pinkish; s. rosy; sp. 3-4 long.

Taste sweetish. Smell of burnt sugar when dry.

[=brachypodes=, Chev. P. thin, infundib. almost glabrous, fuscous; the short stuffed stem and straight gills yellowish.

=Brownii=, B. and Br. P. rather fleshy, convex, subumb. pale ochre then reddish; g. very narrow, simple or forked, whitish; s. 3-5 cm. slender, tough; sp. 7 x 5.

Gills very narrow, vein-like, hardly decur.

[=subdenticulatus=, Mont. Small, entirely apricot colour. P. rather scurfy, convex and umb. then subdepr. edge spinously toothed; gills fold-like, thickish, decur.; s. solid, flocculose above, base narrowed; sp. globose.

[=parvus=, Otth. P. infundib. fibrously scaly, brownish-grey; g. fold-like, scarcely prominent, yellowish; s. slender, twisted, greyish-yellow, sulcate.

=carbonarius=, A. and S. P. 3-6 cm. umbil. bay then blackish, striato-squamulose; g. straight, narrow, white; s. 2.5 cm. paler than p. rooting; sp. 14-15 x 7-8.

Fasciculate, 2-3 pilei often appearing to spring from a branched stem.

=umbonatus=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, umb. then depr. flocculose, blackish grey; s. 5-7 cm. equal, paler; g. straight, crowded, white; sp. 10 x 4-5.

Resembling an Agaric in habit.

=albidus=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. infundib. wavy, glabrous, pallid, sometimes indistinctly zoned; g. dichotomous, white; s. 2-3 cm. solid, subequal, glabrous; sp. ----.

Tough, sometimes tinged brown or yellow.

[=longipes=, Lamb. P. centre prominent, edge thin, upturned, dry, even, chestnut; g. fold-like, decur. closely crowded, forked, yellowish; s. long, pale grey.

[=Turrissi=, Inz. Straw-colour. P. fleshy-waxy, hygr. convex then digitaliform, often umbil.; g. decur. white, thick, fold-like, simple, rarely branched; s. white, ventricosely fusiform.

** _Pileus submembranaceous; stem tubular, polished._

=tubaeformis=, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. infundib. wavy, lobed, flocculose, brownish then pale; g. thick, distant, much branched, smoky yellow, not pruinose; s. 4-7 cm. hollow, glabrous, lacunose, tawny-orange; sp. 9 x 6-7.

var. _lutescens_, Fr. P. convex, umbil. almost regular, nearly glabrous; g. less divided. Connects present sp. with _C. infundibuliformis_.

var. _lutescens_, Fr. P. convex, umbil. almost even and regular; g. less divided.

Differs in more equal stem narrowed upwards.

Connects _C. tubaeformis_ with _C. infundibuliformis_.

=infundibuliformis=, Fr. P. 2-6 cm. thin; infundib. floccoso-rugose, smoky yellow then pale; g. thick, dichotomous, greyish yellow, pruinose; s. fistulose, even, glabrous, yellow; sp. 9-10 x 6.

=cinereus=, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. thin, infundib. open at base, blackish grey, villosely-squamulose; g. thick, distant, grey; s. 3-5 cm. paler than p.; sp. 7 x 5. (15-8 Sacc.)

Resembling _Craterellus cornucopioides_ but having distinct gills.

[=leucophaeus=, Nouel. P. thin, tough, infundib. glabrous, brownish umber; g. distant, simple, mixed with dichotomous ones, white; s. stuffed, thin, even, colour of p.

=cupulatus=, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. plano-infundib. wavy, hygr. pallid fuscous or brownish, flocculose when dry; g. very distant, branched, grey; s. 2-3 cm. stuffed, polished, colour of p.; sp. 7 x 5.

=Houghtoni=, Phil. P. 2-3 cm. convex, umbil. wavy, whitish; g. slightly decur. narrow, tinged pink; s. 3-5 cm. equal, whitish, stuffed; sp. 7 x 4.

=Stevensoni=, B. and Br. P. 5-8 mm. orbicular, umbil. pallid, smooth; g. decur. pallid; s. 1-1.5 cm. slender, cylindrical, white then darker, pulverulent; sp. ----.

=replexus=, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. convex, exp. and inversed, striate, brown then grey; g. adnato-decur. veined, branched, distant, white or glaucous; s. 3-5 cm. fistulose, glabrous, thickened upwards; sp. ----.

Habit of a _Mycena_ but g. thick and fold-like.

var. _devexus_, Fr. P. cucullate; s. stuffed; g. simple, grey.

[=hygrophanous=, C. P. Laest. P. infundib. punctate, hygr. edge involute, obtuse; g. decur. branched, edge obtuse; s. fistulose, tough, silky-shining.

[=coriaceus=, Preuss. P. depr. rusty brown, edge rather wavy and then incurved; g. vein-like, forked, pale yellow; s. stuffed, thick, pallid.

B. MERISMA. _Stems very numerous, united into an elongated column,
or branched._

[=fascicularis=, Strauss. P. tubiform, split on one side, cochleate, downily scaly; flesh and connate stems violet.

[=ramosus=, Schulz. Lurid yellow. P. fleshy, plano-depr. at length deeply umbil. fibrous; s. solid, caespitose, divided into branches each dilating into a pileus at its apex; g. vein-like, anastomosing.

[=polycephalus=, Bres. Branched. P. convex then subinfundib. white, edge lobed; g. decur. white, connected by veins; s. white, downy, apex branched; sp. 6 x 3.5.

[=ochraceus=, Gill. P. unequally infundib. edge upturned, lobed, yellowish ochre; g. decur. almost to base of stem, anastomosing, rosy-white; s. branched, even, spotted ochre.

C. PLEUROPUS. _Stem exactly lateral._

[=spathulatus=, Fr. P. fleshy, spathulate, glabrous, brownish; g. dichotomous, crowded, white; s. thin, glabrous.

=muscigenus=, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. spathulate, horizontal, glabrous, zoned, yellowish brown or fuscous, greyish white when old; g. thick, distant, branched, colour of p.; s. short, base downy; sp. 10-12 x 6-8.

Differs from _C. glaucus_ in being brown when moist, and from _C. retirugis_ in having a distinct lateral stem.

=glaucus=, Batsch. Grey. P. 1 cm. ligulate, ascending, silky, not zoned; g. fold-like, tumid, distant, forked; s. short, pruinose; sp. 5 x 3.