Chapter XLIII: Part 2 (4)

“By first rolling them in a mortar with this ethereal solution, and then transferring to a sheet of writing paper with the sides bent upwards, shaking being continued till they are perfectly dry. Then to a small quantity of the saccharated albumen (see next recipe) add a few drops of water, at the same time beating for a short while, so that a thick paste will be formed. Into this mass the pills are stirred, and when moistened on all sides, quickly poured into a wooden pill-box, which has been previously filled about one third with the finest powdered sugar obtainable, and immediately shaken, or rather rolled in a lively way with great force, separating from time to time those cohering. When no more sugar will adhere they are dried over a gentle fire, taking care not to bring them too near the stove lest they should crack. Shaking, of course, must be continued till dryness is effected.”

=Albumen cum Saccharo.= Take the white of an egg, and in an evaporating dish beat with it as much powdered sugar, passed through a very fine sieve, as will make rather a thick fluid. Then place it in a water bath and evaporate to dryness, stirring constantly, that no sugar may be deposited. Pulverise and set aside for further use.

M. Durden covers pills with collodion. Others have recommended for this purpose a solution of gutta percha in either chloroform or bisulphide of carbon. The ready solubility in the stomach of pills thus covered has, with justice, been questioned. Gelatin, or, still better, gelatin mixed with a little sugar, is unexceptionable in this respect; whilst it undoubtedly excludes the taste of nauseous medicines more effectually than any other substance. Mr Furley employs a thin coating of albumen to render pills tasteless.

As pill-masses are likely to get hard and brittle by keeping, an excellent plan is to keep the dry ingredients powdered and mixed together in well-corked bottles or jars, when a portion may at any time be beaten up with syrup, conserve, soap, &c.; according to the formula, and as wanted for use. The mixed ingredients in this state are technically known as ‘species’ or ‘powder’ for the respective pills.

“It is generally said that pills should be taken on an empty stomach, and at a considerable distance from a meal; but for ourselves we think that it is nearly always better to take them during a meal; first, because the stomach does not then find itself immediately under the influence of substances which, if not always dangerous, seldom fail to act more or less disagreeably; secondly, because its absorbent action is more certain; and, lastly, because they are then taken more easily.” (Trousseau and Reveil.) The meal here referred to should be a light one, from which acidulous and other substances likely to interfere with the action of the remedy should be excluded. The dose should also be increased.

In the London Pharmacopœia the singular number (‘pilula’) is now very properly employed to express the names of the officinal pill-masses; but in the other Pharmacopœias the names are given in the plural form. As the latter is almost universally adopted in speaking of magistral formulæ and nostrums, we have used it in all cases, for the sake of uniformity and for ease of reference. See BOLUS EXTRACT, PRESCRIBING, and _below_.

=Pills, Abernethy’s.= See ABERNETHY MEDICINES (page 6).

=Pills of Ac′etate of Lead.= _Syn._ PILULÆ PLUMBI ACETATIS, L. _Prep._ 1. Acetate of lead, 20 gr.; powdered camphor, 15 gr.; conserve of roses, q. s.; mix and divide into 12 pills.

2. (Radius.) Acetate of lead and powdered mallow or liquorice root, of each 1/2 dr.; simple syrup, q. s.; divide into 18 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 5 daily, washed down with water soured with vinegar; as a powerful astringent in hæmorrhages, diarrhœa, the night-sweats in phthisis, &c. See OPIATED LEAD PILLS.

=Pills of Acetate of Mercury.= _Syn._ PILULÆ HYDRARGYRI ACETATIS, L. _Prep._ 1. Subacetate of mercury, 18 gr.; sugar of milk (or manna), 1 dr.; mucilage, q. s.; divide into 24 pills.——_Dose._ As an alterative, 1 daily; as a sialogogue, 1 every four or five hours, or oftener; in syphilis, &c. See KEYSER’S PILLS.

3. (Opiated——Carmichael.) Acetate of mercury, camphor, and opium, of each 30 gr.; syrup of poppies to mix. For 30 pills. Less apt to affect the stomach and bowels than the last.

=Pills of Acetate of Mor′phia.= _Syn._ PILULÆ MORPHIÆ ACETATIS, L. _Prep._ 1. Acetate of morphia, 2 gr.; sugar of milk, 15 gr.; conserve of roses, 20 gr.; for 12 pills. Anodyne, sedative, and soporific.——_Dose._ One, as required.

2. (Dr A. T. Thomson.) Acetate of morphia, 1 gr.; powdered foxglove, 6 gr.; powdered camphor, 10 gr.; powdered gum Arabic, 8 gr.; syrup of tolu, q. s.; to be divided into 6 pills. Sedative and antispasmodic.——_Dose._ One, every 3 or 4 hours; in phthisis, palpitations, spasms, &c. The hydrochlorate of morphia may be used instead of the acetate, with advantage.

=Pills of Ac′onite.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ACONITI, P. EXTRACTI A., L. _Prep._ (Dr Turnbull.) Alcoholic extract of aconite, 1 gr.; liquorice powder, 12 gr.; simple syrup, q. s.; mix, and divide the mass into 6 pills.——_Dose._ One pill, every 3 or 4 hours; as a powerful anodyne and sedative in excessive action of the heart, acute rheumatism, gout, neuralgia, &c. The utmost care should be taken both in their preparation and administration.

=Pills, Alibert’s.= See PILLS, APERIENT.

=Pills of Aloes.= _Syn._ PILULA ALOES SOCOTRINÆ (B. P.), PILULÆ ALOETICÆ, PILULÆ ALOËS (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. E.) Socotrine aloes (in powder) and Castile soap, equal parts; conserve of red roses, q. s. to form a pill-mass.

2. (Ph. U. S.) Powdered aloes and Castile soap, equal parts, beat into a mass, and divided into 4-gr. pills.

3. (B. P.) PILULA ALOES BARBADENSIS. _Prep._ Barbadoes aloes, in powder, 2 oz.; hard soap, in powder, 1 oz.; oil of caraway, 1 fluid dr.; confection of roses, 1 oz. Beat all together until thoroughly mixed.

_Obs._ “This pill may be also correctly made with the finer qualities of East Indian aloes, as the (true) Socotrine variety is very scarce; and many, not without reason, prefer (pure) Barbadoes aloes.” (Ph. E.) The dose, as a laxative, is 5 to 10 gr.; as a purgative, 12 to 20 gr., or more. See PILLS OF ALOES AND SOAP.

=Pills of Aloes and Assafœtida.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS ET ASSAFŒTIDA (B. P.). _Prep._ Socotrine aloes, in powder, 1; assafœtida, 1; powdered hard soap, 1; confection of roses, 1 (1/4 confection sufficient——Squire). Mix. Cathartic and antispasmodic.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.

=Pills of Aloes (Compound).= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOETICÆ COMPOSITÆ, PILULA ALOËS COMPOSITA (Ph. L.), PILULÆ A. COMPOSITÆ (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Socotrine aloes (in powder), 1 oz.; extract of gentian, 1/4 oz.; oil of caraway, 40 drops; treacle, q. s.; the whole to be beaten together until they form a mass proper for making pills.

2. (Ph. D.) Hepatic aloes (in powder), 2 oz.; extract of gentian and treacle, of each 1 oz.; oil of caraway, 1 fl. dr.; as the last.

_Obs._ The above is a very valuable purgative in habitual costiveness and indigestion, in all cases in which the use of aloes is not contra-indicated. The dose is from 5 to 15 gr., or more.

=Pills of Aloes (Diluted).= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS DILUTÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Dr Marshall Hall.) Barbadoes aloes, Castile soap, extract of liquorice, and treacle, equal parts; water, q. s.; dissolve, with heat, strain, and evaporate to the consistence of a pill-mass. Resembles the PILULA ALOËS CUM SAPONE——Ph. L.

=Pills of Aloes and Assafœti′da.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS ET ASSAFŒTIDA (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Aloes (Socotrine or East Indian, powdered), assafœtida, and Castile soap, equal parts; beat them with conserve of red roses to a proper pill-mass.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr., once or twice daily, as a stomachic tonic and laxative, in dyspepsia, flatulence, &c.; and 12 to 20 gr., as a purgative in similar cases. It is extremely useful in costiveness, with flatulency, occurring in hysterical and hypochondriacal subjects. The B. P. preparation is the same as this, except that hard soap is used instead of Castile soap.

=Pills of Aloes and Gin′ger.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS ET ZINGIBERIS, L. _Prep._ (Ph. D. 1826.) Aloes, 1 oz.; Castile soap, 1/2 oz.; ginger, 1 dr.; oil of peppermint, 1/2 dr.; beaten to a mass. A useful laxative in cold habits.——_Dose._ As the last.

=Pills of Aloes and Ipecac′uanha.= _Syn._ DR BAILLIE’S DINNER PILLS; PILULÆ ALOËS ET IPECACUANHÆ, L. _Prep._ (Dr Baillie.) Powdered aloes, 30 gr.; powdered ginger (finest), 45 gr.; ipecacuanha, 12 gr.; syrup of orange peel, q. s. to mix. For 24 pills.——_Dose._ One, about an hour before dinner.

=Pills of Aloes and I′ron.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS ET FERRI (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Barbadoes aloes, 2; sulphate of iron, 1-1/2; compound powder of cinnamon, 3; confection of roses, 4; mix (6 of confection required——Squire).——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.

2. (Ph. E.) Sulphate of iron, 3 parts; Barbadoes aloes, 2 parts; aromatic powder, 6 parts; conserve of red roses, 8 parts; powder the aloes and sulphate of iron separately, beat the whole to a mass, and divide this into 5-gr. pills. An excellent medicine in chlorosis, hysteria, and atonic amenorrhœa.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 pills daily.

=Pills of Aloes and Mas′tic.= See PILLS, DINNER.

=Pills of Aloes and Mer′cury.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS CUM HYDRARGYRO, L. See PILLS, APERIENT (8).

=Pills of Aloes and Myrrh.= _Syn._ RUFUS’S PILLS; PILULA ALOËS CUM MYRRHÂ (Ph. L. & D.), PILULÆ RUFI or COMMUNES (Ph. L. 1720), P. ALOËS ET MYRRHÆ (B. P., Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Socotrine or hepatic aloes (in powder, 1/2 oz.; saffron, myrrh powdered), and soft soap (Ph. L.), of each 2 dr.; treacle, q. s. to form a pill-mass.

2. (Ph. D.) Hepatic aloes, 2 oz.; myrrh, 1 oz.; dried saffron, 1/2 oz.; all in powder; treacle, 2-1/2 oz.

3. (Ph. E.) Aloes (Socotrine or East Indian), 4 parts; myrrh, 2 parts; saffron, 1 part; beat them to a pill-mass with conserve of red roses, q. s.

4. (Ph. L. 1836 and Ph. D. 1826.) Aloes (in powder), 2 oz.; saffron and powdered myrrh, of each 1 oz.; syrup, q. s. to form a pill-mass.

5. (B. P.) Socotrine aloes, 2; myrrh, 1; dried saffron, 1/2; confection of roses, 2-1/2 (3 are required——_Squire_). Mix. Stimulant and cathartic.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.

_Obs._ This compound is a most excellent stomachic purgative and emmenagogue, when there are no febrile symptoms present. It is said to have been employed ever since the time of Rhazes, and is still in extensive use.——_Dose_, 10 to 20 gr.

=Pills of Aloes and Rhu′barb.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS ET RHEI, P. R. CUM RHEO, L. _Prep._ Powdered Socotrine or hepatic aloes, powdered rhubarb, and soft soap (Ph. L.), of each 1/2 dr.; oil of chamomile, 10 drops; for 30 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 5, either as a stomach tonic or laxative; especially in dyspepsia, with loss of appetite.

=Pills of Aloes and Rose-juice.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS ROSATÆ, L.; PILULES ANGELIQUES, GRAINS DE SANTÉ, Fr. _Prep._ Take aloes and rose juice, of each 4 oz.; juice of borage and chicory, of each 2 oz.; dissolve with heat, evaporate to an extract; add, of rhubarb, 2 dr.; agaric, 1 dr.; and divide the mass into 1-1/2-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 4 to 12, as a purge.

=Pills of Aloes with Soap.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOËS CUM SAPONE (Ph. L.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. L.) Powdered extract of Barbadoes aloes, soft soap, and extract of liquorice, equal parts; treacle, q. s. to form a pill-mass.——_Dose_, 10 to 20 gr.; in the usual cases in which aloes is administered. It is more readily soluble in the juices of the primæ viæ, and is milder than most of the aloetic pills without soap. See PILLS OF ALOES (Diluted).

=Pills, Aloes and Turpentine.= (Bois.) _Syn._ PILULÆ ALOES ET TEREBINTHINÆ. _Prep._ Boiled turpentine, 2 dr.; aloes, 1/2 dr. Divide into 40 pills.

=Pills, Al′terative.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALTERANTES, L. See PILLS, CALOMEL, MERCURIAL, and PLUMMER’S, &c.

=Pills of Al′um.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ALUMINIS, P. A. COMPOSITÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Augustin.) Alum, 20 gr.; benzoic acid, 6 gr.; powdered gum and white sugar, of each 10 gr.; water, q. s. to form a mass. For 36 pills. In phthisis and atonic mucous discharges. The whole to be taken in the course of 2 or 3 days.

2. (Capuron.) Catechu, 1 dr.; alum, 1/2 dr.; opium, 10 gr.; syrup of red roses, q. s.; divide into 5-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3; in chronic diarrhœa and leucorrhœa.

3. (Radius.) Alum and catechu, equal parts; extract of gentian, q. s. to mix; divide into 2 or 3-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 2 to 4, every four hours; in passive hæmorrhages, mucous discharges, and chronic diarrhœa.

=Pills of Ammoni′acum.= _Syn._ PILULÆ AMMONIACI, L. _Prep._ 1. Gum ammoniacum, 1 dr.; powdered sugar, 1/2 dr.; conserve of hips, q. s. In old coughs and hysterical affections.

2. (Compound.)——_a._ (Ainslie.) Ammoniacum, 1 dr.; mercurial pill, 15 gr.; powdered squills, 6 or 8 gr.; simple syrup, q. s. For 16 pills. In asthmatic coughs, with deranged action of the liver.——_Dose._ One, 2 or 3 times a day.

_b._ (W. Cooley.) Ammoniacum and sagapenum, of each 1 dr.; dried sulphate of iron, 1/2 dr.; conserve of hips, q. s. In obstructed menstruation, and in the chronic diarrhœa of hysterical subjects.

=Pills of Ammo′′niated Cop′per.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CUPRI AMMONIATI (Ph. E.), P. C. AMMONIURETI, L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Ammoniated copper (in fine powder), 1 part; bread-crum, 6 parts; solution of carbonate of ammonia, q. s. to make a mass, which is to be divided so that each pill may contain 1/2 gr. of ammoniated copper. In epilepsy, and in some other spasmodic diseases.——_Dose_, 1 pill, night and morning, gradually increased to 5 or 6.

=Pills of Ammoniated I′ron.= _Syn._ PILULÆ FERRI AMMONIATI, P. F. AMMONIO-CHLORIDI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Dr. Copland.) Ammoniated iron, 1 dr.; aloes and extract of gentian, of each 1/2 dr.; for 30 pills. In scrofula, chlorosis, amenorrhœa, &c.

2. (Radius.) Ammoniated iron and galbanum, of each 1 dr.; assafœtida, 2 dr.; castor, 20 gr.; tincture of valerian, q. s. For 3-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 2 pills, night and morning; in atonic nervous disorders, epilepsy, &c.

=Pills of Ammo′′nio-cit′rate of Iron.= _Syn._ PILULÆ FERRI AMMONIO-CITRATATIS, L. _Prep._ (Beral.) Ammonio-citrate of iron, 1 dr.; white sugar, 3 dr.; mucilage, q. s. to mix. For 3-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, or more; as a mild chalybeate tonic.

=Pills, Analep′tic.= See PILLS, JAMES’, ANALEPTIC, &c.

=Pills, Anderson’s Scot’s.= Various formulæ for these pills are extant, the products of which differ widely from the genuine article. Dr Paris, some years since, declared that they consisted of Barbadoes aloes, jalap, and oil of aniseed. “A careful examination of the proprietary article, with other facts that have come to our knowledge, leads us to believe that the first of the following formulæ is the one now employed in the preparation of the ‘Grana Angelica,’ or ‘Anderson’s True Scot’s Pills,’ of the present day.” (Cooley.)

_Prep._ 1. From Barbadoes aloes, 7 lbs.; jalap (in fine powder), 2-1/4 lbs.; treacle, 1/2 lb.; soap, 6 oz.; melted together by the heat of a warm bath, and, when partly cold, aromatised by stirring in of oil of aniseed, 1 oz. The mass is divided into about 3-1/2-gr. pills, of which 26 or 27 are placed in each 1_s._ 1-1/2_d._ box. A mild and useful aperient.——_Dose_, 5 to 15 gr., or more.

2. (Original formula.) Socotrine aloes, 1 oz.; best myrrh, 1/4 oz.; saffron, 1 dr.; separately pounded very fine; mix them, in an earthen pipkin, with a spoonful each of water and sweet oil, by the heat of a slow fire, and form the mass into “common-sized pills.” From a copy of the original document in the Chapel of the Rolls.

3. (P. Cod.) Aloes and gamboge, of each 6 dr.; oil of aniseed, 1 dr.; syrup, q. s.; mix, and divide into 4-gr. pills. Much more powerful than the preceding, and closely resembling Morison’s ‘No. 2 pills.’

4. (Phil. Coll. of Pharm.) Barbadoes aloes (in powder), 3 lbs., Castile soap, 1/2 lb.; colocynth and gamboge (both in fine powder), 2 oz.; oil of aniseed, 1 oz.; beat to a mass with water, q. s., and divide it into 3-gr. pills. Less active than the last, but more so than the ‘True Scot’s Pills.’

=Pills, An′odyne.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANODYNÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Hosp. F.) Opium (in powder), 6 gr.; camphor, 15 gr.; conserve of roses, q. s.; divide into 12 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, as required.

2. (A. T. Thomson.) Calomel, potassio-tartrate of antimony, and opium, equal parts; syrup of saffron, q. s.; divided in 3-1/2-gr. pills. In acute rheumatism and neuralgia.——_Dose_, 1 pill, at bedtime.

=Pills, Antibil′ious.= All the ordinary aperient and stomachic pills may be classed under this head. See the names of their proprietors or reputed inventors, or those of their leading ingredients.

=Pills Antichlorot′ic.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTICHLOROTICÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Radius.) Aloes and carbonate of iron, of each 1/2 dr.; gum ammoniacum, 1 dr.; extract of taraxacum, q. s. For 3-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 2 to 6, night and morning; in chlorosis, amenorrhœa, &c.

2. (Trousseau & Reveil.) Porphyrised iron filings, 1 dr.; extract of wormwood, q. s. For 36 pills.——_Dose_, 3 or 4; as the last.

=Pills, Antimonial (Compound).= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTIMONIALIS COMPOSITÆ, P. ANTIMONII CO., L. _Prep._ 1. Antimonial powder, 1/2 dr.; calomel, camphor, and powdered opium, of each 6 gr.; conserve of roses, q. s.; divide into 4-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 2, at night; in acute rheumatism, neuralgia, chronic coughs, &c.

2. (St B. Hosp.) Tartar emetic, 1 gr.; guaiacum and pill of aloes and myrrh, of each 1/2 dr.; treacle, to mix. For 16 pills. As the last.

=Pills, Antispasmod′ic.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTISPASMODICÆ, L. _Prep._ (Dr A. T. Thomson.) Opium, 1 gr.; Russian castor, 13 gr.; powdered digitalis, 2 gr.; syrup, to mix; divide into 4 pills.——_Dose_, 1 or 2, two or three times a day; in spasmodic asthma, difficulty of breathing, &c. Several other formulæ for antispasmodic pills will be found both above and below.

2. (Trousseau & Reveil.) Musk, 15 gr.; extract of valerian, 1/2 dr.; liquorice powder, q. s. For 20 pills.——_Dose_, 1 every two hours, until there is a marked improvement in the symptoms; in pneumonia, accompanied by delirium, especially in drunkards; in spasms of the uterus, and in various other spasmodic affections.

=Pills, Ape′′rient.= _Syn._ PILULÆ APERIENTES, L. _Prep._ 1. Hepatic aloes, 2 dr.; rhubarb and Castile soap, of each 1 dr.; scammony, 1/2 dr. (all in powder); essential oil (at will), 10 or 12 drops; beaten to a smooth mass, and divided into pills.

2. Compound extract of colocynth (Ph. L. 1836), 1-1/2 dr.; extract of gentian, 1/2 dr.; powdered ipecacuanha, 20 gr.; oil of cloves, caraway, or cassia, a few drops. In dyspepsia, loss of appetite, &c.

3. (Abernethy’s.) See page 6.

4. (Alibert’s.) From calomel, resin of jalap, and Castile soap, of each 1 dr.; oil of orange peel or citron, 6 or 8 drops. For 60 pills. As an occasional mild purgative, especially in bilious habits and worms.

5. (Sir B. Brodie.) Compound extract of colocynth and mercurial pill, of each 1/2 dr.; scammony and Castile soap, of each 15 gr.; oil of caraway, 6 or 7 drops. For 24 pills. As the last.

6. (W. Cooley.) Aloes, 1-1/2 dr.; jalap and Castile soap, of each 1 dr.; rhubarb and cardamoms, of each 1/2 dr. (all in powder); oil of juniper, 12 drops. For 3-gr. pills. A useful mild aperient, for either frequent or occasional use.

7. (Dr Copland.) Compound extract of colocynth (Ph. L. 1836), 40 gr.; extract of henbane, 30 gr.; Castile soap, 12 gr.; ipecacuanha, 6 or 7 gr. For two dozen pills.——_Dose_, 2, on retiring to rest. As an aperient in nervous affections and irritable habits.

8. (Harvey.) Mercurial pill and powdered aloes, of each 1/2 dr.; ginger, 20 gr. For 24 pills. In constipation, attended with a deficiency of bile.

9. (Dr Neligan.) Compound colocynth pill and soap of jalap, equal parts; either with or without a few drops of some aromatic essential oil. For 4 or 5-gr. pills. As an aperient for general use.

10. (Sir C. Scudamore.) Compound extract of colocynth, 40 gr.; extract of rhubarb, 1/2 dr.; scammony and soap, of each 12 gr.; oil of caraway, 5 or 6 drops. For 20 or 24 pills.

11. (Stahl’s; PILULÆ APERIENTES STAHLII——Ph. Hannov.) Powdered aloes, 1 oz.; compound extract of colocynth, 1/2 oz.; iron filings, 2 dr.; mucilage, q. s. In amenorrhœa, low habits, and worms.

12 (Vance.) Compound extract of colocynth, 80 gr.; extract of rhubarb, 12 gr.; Castile soap, 6 or 8 gr.; oil of cinnamon, 4 or 5 drops.

_Obs._ The products of the above formulæ may be divided into pills of any size deemed most agreeable to the patient, and they may be aromatised by the addition of any essential oil at will. The dose varies, according to circumstances, from 5 to 10 or 12 gr., or more. Those containing aloes or mercurials are best taken at bedtime. For other formulæ see the various officinal and other pills containing aloes, colocynth, gamboge, rhubarb, scammony, &c.

=Pills, Aromat′ic.= _Syn._ PILULÆ AROMATICÆ, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. 1746.) Compound powder of aloes, 3 oz.; balsam of Peru, 1/2 oz.; syrup of orange peel, q. s. Aperient, sudorific, and nervine.——_Dose_, 10 to 20 gr.

=Pills of Arse′′niate of Iron.= _Syn._ PILULÆ FERRI ARSENIATIS, L. _Prep._ (Biett.) Arseniate of iron, 3 gr.; extract of hops, 2 dr.; powdered mallow-root, 1/2 dr.; syrup, q. s. For 48 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 2, daily; in cancerous, scrofulous, and herpetic affections. See PILLS, ARSENICAL.

=Pills of Arseniate of So′da.= _Syn._ PILULÆ SODÆ ARSENIATIS, L. _Prep._ (Erasmus Wilson.) Arseniate of soda, 2 gr.; distilled water, the smallest possible quantity to dissolve it; powdered gum guaiacum, 1/2 dr.; oxysulphuret of antimony, 20 gr.; mucilage, q. s. For 24 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill, as the last; in herpes, &c. See PILLS, ARSENICAL.

=Pills, Arsen′ical.= _Syn._ ASIATIC PILLS, CARNATIC P., EAST INDIAN P., TANJORE P.; PILULÆ ARSENICI, P. ARSENICALIS, P. ASIATICÆ, P. ACIDI ARSENIOSI, L. _Prep._ (P. Cod.) Arsenious acid, 1 gr.; black pepper (in fine powder), 12 gr.; rub them together for some (considerable) time in an iron mortar, then add, of powdered gum, 2 gr.; water, q. s. to make a mass; which is to be accurately divided into 12 pills. Each pill contains 1/12 gr. of white arsenic.

_Obs._ This compound is commonly employed in the East Indies in syphilis, elephantiasis, intermittents, the bites of venomous snakes, &c.; and as a preventive to hydrophobia. The common practice in England is to employ 16 gr. of pepper to 1 gr. of arsenious acid, and to divide the mass into 16 instead of 12 pills. The dose is one or two pills daily, taken _after_ a meal. The use of all compounds containing arsenic demands great caution.

=Pills, Arsenical (Opiated).= _Syn._ PILULÆ ARSENICI CUM OPIO, L. _Prep._ (A. T. Thomson.) Arsenious acid, 2 gr.; powdered opium, 8 gr.; Castile soap, 20 gr.; simple syrup, q. s. For 34 pills.——_Dose._ As the last; in intermittents, herpes, lepra, psoriasis, periodical headaches, neuralgia, &c. (See _above_.)

=Pills, Asiat′ic.= See PILLS, ARSENICAL.

=Pills of Assafœt′ida.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ASSAFŒTIDA (Ph. E. & U. S.), L. _Prep._ 1 (Ph. E.) Assafœtida, galbanum, and myrrh, of each 3 parts; conserve of red roses, 4 parts, or q. s.; mix, and beat them to a proper pill-mass.

2. (Pb. U. S.) Assafœtida, 1-1/2 oz.; Castile soap, 1/2 oz.; water, q. s.; divide into 240 pills.

_Obs._ The above (particularly the last) are stimulant and antispasmodic——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.; twice or thrice daily; in hysterical affections, &c. (See _below._)

=Pills of Assafœtida (Compound).= _Syn._ PILULÆ ASSAFŒTIDÆ COMPOSITÆ (B. P., Ph. D.) _Prep._ 1. (Ph. D.) Assafœtida, 2 oz.; galbanum, myrrh, and treacle, of each 1 oz.; mix in a capsule, by the heat of steam or a water bath, and stir until it becomes a uniform mass.——_Dose, &c._ As the last. The B. P. directs the quantity of galbanum to be double the above.

2. (Hosp. F.) Assafœtida, 1 dr.; soft soap (Ph. L.), 20 gr.; ipecacuanha and squills, of each (in powder), 12 gr.; syrup, q. s.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.; in chronic asthmas, coughs, &c.

=Pills of Assafœtida with I′ron.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ASSAFŒTIDÆ CUM FERRO, L. _Prep._ (W. Cooley.) Assafœtida, 1 dr.; extract of chamomile, 1/2 dr.; mix with a slight heat; add, of dried protosulphate of iron, 15 gr.; oil of cajeput, 10 drops; and divide into 36 pills. In hypochondriasis, hysteria, amenorrhœa, chlorosis, &c., after an aperient.

=Pills, Asthma.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTASTHMATICÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Expectorant.) From compound squill pill, 20 gr.; calomel, 5 gr.; powdered opium, 3 gr.; made into 6 pills.——_Dose_, 1 or 2, at bedtime. Expectorant, and sometimes laxative.

2. (Tonic.) From compound iron pill, 2 dr.; extract of gentian, 1 dr.; mix, and divide into 60 pills.——_Dose_, 2, night and morning, with an occasional dose of laxative medicine.

=Pills, Astringent.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ASTRINGENTES, L. See PILLS OF ACETATE OF LEAD, ALUM, GALLIC ACID, NITRATE OF SILVER, SULPHATE OF IRON, SULPHATE OF COPPER, TANNIN, &c.

=Pills of Atropine.= (P. Cod.) _Syn._ PILULÆ ATROPIÆ. _Prep._ Atropia, 1-1/2 gr.; sugar of milk, 1 dr.; gum Arabic, 12 gr.; syrup of honey, q. s. Triturate the atropia for a long time with the sugar of milk, and make into 100 granules and silver them. Granules of arsenious acid, digitalin, and strychnia, are prepared in the same way.

=Pills, Bacher’s Ton′ic.= _Syn._ PILULÆ TONICÆ BACHERI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Dr Paris.) Extract of black hellebore and powdered myrrh, of each 1 oz.; powdered blessed thistle, 3 dr.; mix, and divide into 1-dr. pills.——_Dose_, 2 to 6, three times a day.

2. (P. Cod.) Alkaline extract of hellebore and extract of myrrh, of each 2 dr.; powdered blessed thistle, 1 dr. For 4-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 2, as the last. An alterative tonic, hydragogue, and emmenagogue; in debility, dropsy, amenorrhœa, &c. A favourite remedy in some parts of Europe.

=Pills, Dr Baillie’s.= _Prep._ (Cooley.) Aqueous extract of aloes and compound extract of colocynth, of each 3 dr.; Castile soap, 1 dr.; oil of cloves, 15 drops. For 4-gr. pills. A good occasional aperient.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, at bedtime, or early in the morning. See PILLS, DINNER.

=Pills, Balsamic.= (Morton.) _Syn._ PILULÆ BALSAMICA. _Prep._ Powdered millipedes, 18 dr.; gum ammoniacum, 9 dr.; benzoic acid, 6 dr.; saffron, 1 dr.; balsam of tolu, 1 dr,; anisated balsam of saffron, 6 dr., or sufficient.

=Pills, Barbarossa’s.= These are supposed to have been the first mercurial preparation employed in medicine. They consisted of quicksilver, rhubarb, musk, and amber.

=Pills, Rev. D. Barclay’s.= _Prep._ (Cooley.) Resinous extract of jalap, 1 dr.; almond or Castile soap, 1-1/2 dr.; extract of colocynth, 2 dr. (or powdered colocynth, 3 dr.); gum guaiacum, 3 dr.; potassio-tartrate of antimony, 10 gr.; oil of juniper, 8 or 10 drops; oils of caraway and rosemary, of each 4 drops; make a mass with syrup of buckthorn (the smallest possible quantity), and divide into 4-gr. pills. A diaphoretic aperient.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, at bedtime.

=Pills, Dr Baron’s.= _Prep._ From compound rhubarb pill, 30 gr.; compound extract of colocynth, 20 gr.; powdered ipecacuanha, 6 gr. For 3-gr. pills. An excellent stomachic aperient.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 pills, at bedtime; in dyspepsia, loss of appetite, &c.

=Pills, Barthez’s.= _Prep._ From myrrh, 1 dr.; aloes, 1/2 dr.; musk, 15 gr.; camphor, 12 gr.; balsam of Peru, q. s. to form a mass. For 3-1/2-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 2, thrice daily; in hysteria, amenorrhœa, chlorosis, &c.

=Pills, Bath Digestive.= _Prep._ (Cooley.) Rhubarb, 2 oz.; ipecacuanha and Castile soap, of each 1/2 oz.; capsicum, ginger, and gamboge, of each 1/4 oz. (all in powder); syrup of buckthorn, q. s. For 4-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 as a dinner pill; 2 or 3 as an aperient.

=Pills of Be′beerine.= _Syn._ PILULÆ BEBEERINÆ, L. _Prep._ From sulphate of bebeerine, 1/2 dr.; aromatic confection, q. s.; oil of cajeput, 6 or 6 drops. For 18 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, every four hours; as an antiperiodic, instead of bark or quinine.

=Pills, Be′chic.= PILULÆ BECHICÆ, L. _Prep._ (Trousseau and Reveil.) Extract of digitalis, 15 gr.; white oxide of antimony, 30 gr.; extract of liquorice, 40 gr.; mix carefully, and divide into 40 pills. Expectorant and sedative.——_Dose_, 2 to 12, or more; in cases of irritating coughs, catarrh of the pulmonary capillaries or bronchia, &c. See PILLS, COUGH.

=Pills, Beddoe’s.= _Prep._ From dried (effloresced) carbonate of soda, 1 dr.; soap, 1-1/2 dr.; oil of juniper, 12 drops; syrup of ginger, q. s.; divide into 30 pills. In gravel, stone, &c.——_Dose_, 2 to 5.

=Pills of Belladon′na (Compound).= _Syn._ PILULÆ BELLADONNÆ COMPOSITÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ainslie.) Extract of belladonna, mercurial pill, and powdered ipecacuanha, equal parts. For 3-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 night and morning, in cancerous and glandular affections.

2. (Debreyne.) Camphor and assafœtida, of each 1 dr.; extract of belladonna, 20 gr.; extract of opium, 5 gr.; syrup, q. s. For 48 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill, gradually increased to 6, daily. In hysteria, amenorrhœa, &c.

=Pills, Belloste’s.= See PILLS, MERCURIAL.

=Pills, Bennet’s.= See PILLS, FULLER’S.

=Pills, Benzoic.= (Dr Paris.) _Syn._ PILULÆ BENZOES. _Prep._ Benzoic acid, 12 gr.; extract of poppies, 18 gr. Mix, for 6 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill. Expectorant.

=Pills of Bichlo′′ride of Mercury†.= Pills of corrosive sublimate.

=Pills of Bichlo′′ride of Plat′inum.= _Syn._ PILULÆ PLATINI BICHLORIDI, L. _Prep._ (Dr Hoefer.) Bichloride of platinum, 7-1/2 gr.; extract of guaiacum, 1 dr.; liquorice powder, q. s. For 24 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill, twice or thrice daily; as an alterative, in syphilis, &c.

=Pills, Bicker’s.= _Prep._ From rust (carbonate) of iron, 2 dr.; aloes, myrrh, and sulphur, of each 1 dr.; ox-gall, q. s. to mix. For 4-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 6, morning and evening; in debility, chlorosis, &c.

=Pills of Bit′tersweet.= _Syn._ PILULÆ DULCAMARÆ, L. _Prep._ (Radius.) Extract of bittersweet (dulcamara), 1 dr.; crude antimony and bittersweet (in powder), of each 1/2 dr. For 3-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 6 to 12, twice or thrice a day; in obstinate skin diseases.

=Pills, Blaud’s.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTICHLOROTICÆ, L. _Prep._ (Trousseau and Reveil.) Sulphate of protoxide of iron, 2 parts; reduce it to powder, and dry it in a stove at 104° Fahr.; add to this dry carbonate of potassa, 2 parts; honey, 1 part; and form the mass into 50 pills. Tonic and emmenagogue.——_Dose_, 1 to 10, daily; in debility, chlorosis, &c.

=Pills, Blue.= See PILLS, MERCURIAL.

=Pills, Bontius’s.= _Syn._ PILULÆ HYDROGOGÆ, P. H. BONTII, L. _Prep._ (B. Cod.) Socotrine aloes, gamboge, and gum ammoniacum, of each 1 dr.; white-wine vinegar, 6 dr.; dissolve by heat at twice, press out the liquor, evaporate to a pilular consistence, and divide into 4-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3; as a strong cathartic, in dropsy.

=Pills, Brigg’s Gout and Rheumatic.= This nostrum closely resembles in appearance, odour, and properties, the PLUMMER’S PILL of the Pharmacopœia; the two are probably identical. (Cooley.)

=Pill of Bro′mide of I′ron.= _Syn._ PILULÆ FERRI BROMIDI, L. _Prep._ (Magendie.) Bromide of iron and powdered gum Arabic, of each 12 gr.; conserve of roses, 20 gr.; mix, and divide into 20 pills. They should be kept in a dry, corked phial. Tonic and alterative.——_Dose_, 1 to 2, night and morning; in debility, especially that of scrofulous habits, in chlorosis, &c.

=Pills of Bru′cine.= _Syn._ PILULÆ BRUCIÆ, L. _Prep._ (Magendie.) Brucine, 12 gr.; confection of roses, 1/2 dr.; carefully mixed and divided into 24 pills, which are recommended to be silvered. The quantity of the confection may be advantageously doubled.——_Dose_, 1 pill, night and morning; in the same affections as those for which strychnine is administered. The acetate hydrochlorate, or sulphate of brucine may be substituted for the alkaloid in the above formula, in a slightly larger quantity.

=Pills of Calomel.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CALOMELANOS, P. E. CALOMELANE, P. HYDRARGYRI SUBCHLORIDI, P. H. CLORIDI†, P. H. C. MITIS (Ph. U. S.), L. _Prep._ 1. Calomel, 4 dr.; powdered gum Arabic, 1 dr.; simple syrup, q. s.; mix and divide into 240 pills. Each pill contains 1 gr. of calomel. A convenient form of exhibiting this drug when uncombined with other remedies.——_Dose_, 1 to 5 pills, according to the indication.

2. (U. C. Hosp.) Calomel, 2 dr.; rhubarb, 1-1/2 dr.; confection of senna, q. s. For 4 dozen pills. An excellent alterative aperient, especially in hepatic affections.

=Pills of Calomel (Compound).= _Syn._ PLUMMER’S PILLS, RED P.; PILULA HYDRARGYRI SUBCHLORIDI COMPOSITA, PILULÆ CALOMELANOS COMPOSITÆ (Ph. E. & D.), PILULÆ PLUMMERI, PILULA HYDRARGYRI CHLORIDI COMPOSITA, L. (Ph. L.). _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.). Chloride of mercury (calomel) and oxysulphide of antimony, of each 2 dr.; rub them together, add of guaiacum (in powder) and treacle, of each 4 dr., and form the whole into a pill-mass.

2. (Ph. E.) Calomel and golden sulphide of antimony, of each 1 part; guaiacum (in powder) and treacle, of each 2 parts; beat the whole to a pill-mass, and divide it into 6-gr. pills.

3. (Ph. D.) Calomel and precipitated sulphide of antimony, of each 1 dr.; triturate them together, then add, of guaiacum resin (in powder), 2 dr.; castor oil, 1 fl. dr.; and beat the whole to a uniform mass.

4. (B. P.) Calomel, 1; sulphurated antimony, 1; guaiac resin (in powder), 2; castor oil, 1; mix.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.

_Obs._ An excellent alterative pill; very useful in lepra, in secondary syphilis affecting the skin, and in various other chronic cutaneous diseases; also in dyspepsia and liver complaints.——_Dose_, 3 to 10 gr., night and morning.

=Pills of Calomel and Opium.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CALOMELANOS ET OPII (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Calomel, 3 parts; opium, 1 part; conserve of red roses, q. s.; divide the mass so that each pill may contain 2 gr. of calomel.——_Dose_, 1 or 2 pills, in rheumatism, facial neuralgia, and various inflammatory affections. They offer a convenient form for gradually introducing mercury into the system, and, if continued, induce salivation.

=Pills of Cam′phor.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CAMPHORÆ, P. CAMPHORATÆ, L. _Prep._ Camphor and sugar, of each (in powder) 2 parts; conserve of hips, 1 part. For 3-gr. pills. Anaphrodisiac, sedative, diaphoretic, and nervine.——_Dose_, 1 to 5, twice or thrice a day.

=Pills of Camphor (Compound).= _Syn._ PILULÆ CAMPHORÆ COMPOSITÆ, P. CAMPHORATÆ C., L. _Prep._ 1. (Dupuytren.) Camphor, 24 gr.; pure musk, 8 gr.; opium, 2 gr.; syrup, q. s.; divide into 12 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 4, three or four times daily; in putrescent sores, hospital gangrene, &c.

2. (Fr. Hosp.) Gum ammoniacum, 40 gr.; camphor, 30 gr.; musk, 10 gr.; opium, 5 gr.; tincture of valerian, q. s.; divide into 4-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 2 to 6 pills, daily; in nervous and hysterical affections, &c.

3. (Ricord.) Camphor and lactucarium (or extract of lettuce), equal parts; divide into 4-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 3 to 6 pills daily; as an anaphrodisiac.

4. (U. C. Hosp.) Camphor, 20 gr.; assafœtida, 1 dr.; extract of valerian, 2 dr. For 30 pills. As No. 2.

=Pills of Canthar′ides.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CANTHARIDIS, P. C. COMPOSITÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. Cantharides (in very fine powder), 8 gr.; extract of gentian, 1/2 dr.; liquorice powder, 10 gr. For 12 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 4 daily; as a diuretic, emmenagogue, &c.

2. (Ellis.) Cantharides (in very fine powder), 18 gr.; opium and camphor, 36 gr.; mix, and divide into 36 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill, at bedtime; as an aphrodisiac, in parties labouring under general debility. They should be used with extreme caution, and but seldom.

=Pills of Caout′chouc.= _Syn._ PILULÆ GUMMI ELASTICI, L. _Prep._ (Bouis.) India rubber, cut into small squares or spheres, then moistened with syrup of tolu, and, lastly, shaken in a box with a mixture of powdered gum and sugar. In phthisis.——_Dose_, 1 pill, three or four times a day. They pass through the primæ viæ unaltered, and may therefore fairly be presumed to be inert.

=Pills of Cap′sicum.= _Syn._ CAYENNE PEPPER PILLS; PILULÆ CAPSICI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Guy’s Hosp.) Capsicum, 1 part; rhubarb, 2 parts (both in powder); treacle, q. s.; mix, and divide into 3-1/2-gr. pills——_Dose_, 1 to 3, an hour before dinner, to create an appetite and promote digestion.

2. (Radius.) Powdered capsicum, 20 gr.; extract of gentian, 1 dr.; powdered gentian, q. s. to form a mass. For 60 pills.——_Dose_, 2 to 4 pills, thrice daily; in chronic dyspepsia, especially in the loss of tone of the stomach arising from intemperance.

=Pills of Carbolic Acid.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ACIDI CARBOLICI. _Prep._ Carbolic acid, 3 drops; soap powder, ·60 gram; lycopodium, ·06 gram; powdered tragacanth, q. s. For six pills. The two first ingredients form a semi-fluid mass, which the lycopodium does not absorb, but which is solidified by means of the tragacanth.

=Pills of Car′bonate of I′ron.= _Syn._ VALLET’S PILLS; PILULÆ FERRI CARBONATIS (Ph. E), L. _Prep._ (B. P., Ph. E.) Saccharated carbonate of iron, 4 parts; conserve of red roses, 1 part; mix, and divide the mass into 5-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, or more; as a mild chalybeate and antichlorotic. 5 to 20 gr., B. P. For another formula, see PILLS, BLAUD’S (_above_).

=Pills, Carbonic Acid.= (Mr Morson). _Syn._ PILULÆ ACIDI CARBONICI. _Prep._ Mix 1/2 dr. of bicarbonate of soda and 25 gr. of tartaric acid, coarsely powdered, with the smallest possible quantity of syrup and mucilage to form a mass. Divide into 12 pills.

=Pills, Catarrh′.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTICATARRHALES, L. _Prep._ 1. (Trousseau and Reveil.) Turpentine, 4 dr.; ammoniacum, 1 dr.; balsam of tolu, 1/2 dr.; aqueous extract of opium, 5 gr.; liquorice powder, q. s.; mix, and divide into 80 pills.——_Dose_, 5 or 6 daily; in chronic catarrh of the bronchi and bladder.

2. (Trousseau & Reveil.) Alcoholic extract of aconite, 30 gr.; sulphuret of calcium, 16 gr.; powdered sugar, q. s. For 24 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill, three or four times daily; in chronic pulmonary catarrh.

=Pills, Cathar′tic.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CATHARTICÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Dr Collier.) Calomel, 10 gr.; powdered jalap and prepared chalk, of each 1/2 dr.; oil of caraway, 10 drops; syrup of buckthorn, to mix; divide into 5-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 4.

2. (Dr A. T. Thomson.) Scammony, 4 gr.; extract of taraxacum, 16 gr.; divide into 6 pills.——_Dose_, 3 pills, twice daily; in hypochondriasis and chronic inflammation of the liver.

3. (A. T. Thomson.) Calomel, 15 gr.; powdered jalap, 45 gr.; mucilage, q. s. to mix. For 18 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, at night, to empty the bowels, in bilious affections. Other formulæ for cathartic pills will be found both _above_ and _below_.

=Pills, Cathartic (Compound).= _Syn._ PILULÆ CATHARTICÆ COMPOSITÆ, L. _Prep._ (Ph. U. S.) Compound extract of colocynth, 4 dr.; powdered extract of jalap and calomel, of each 3 dr.; powdered gamboge, 40 gr.; water, q. s.; mix, and divide into 180 pills. An excellent purgative, especially in bilious affections, dyspepsia, &c.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 pills.

=Pills of Cetrarine.= (Dr Neligan.) _Syn._ PILULÆ CETRARINÆ. Cetrarine, 24 gr.; extract of calumba, 1/2 dr.; make into 12 pills; one every four hours as a febrifuge.

=Pills, Chamberlain’s Restor′ative.= A nostrum composed of cinnabar and milk of sulphur, equal parts; beaten up with conserve of hips.

=Pills of Cham′omile.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTHEMIDIS, P. FLORUM CHAMÆMELI, L. _Prep._ Extract of gentian, 1 dr.; powdered aloes, 1/2 dr.; powdered rhubarb, 20 gr.; oil of chamomile, 10 drops. A tonic and stomachic aperient.——_Dose_, 5 to 15 gr. This forms the ‘chamomile pills’ of the shops. They should be kept in a corked phial. (See _below_.)

=Pills of Chamomile (Compound).= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTHEMIDIS COMPOSITÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ainslie.) Extract of chamomile, 1 dr.; assafœtida, 1/2 dr.; powdered rhubarb, 20 gr.; divided into 30 or, better, 36 pills.——_Dose_, 1, as a dinner pill; or 2 to 3, twice a day, in flatulent dyspepsia.

2. (Beasley.) Aqueous extract of aloes, 12 gr.; extract of chamomile, 36 gr.; oil of chamomile, 3 drops. For 12 pills.——_Dose_, 2 at night, or twice a day; in dyspepsia, loss of appetite, &c. See PILLS, NORTON’S CHAMOMILE.

=Pills, Chapman’s.= _Prep._ Mastic, 12 gr.; aloes, 16 gr.; rhubarb, 24 gr. For 12 pills. An excellent stomachic aperient.——_Dose_, 2 to 4.

=Pills of Chiray′ta.= _Syn._ Dr REECE’S PILLS; PILULÆ CHIRAYTÆ, L. _Prep._ From chirayta, 2 dr.; dried carbonate of soda, 20 gr.; powdered ginger (best), 15 gr.; divided into 36 pills.——_Dose_, 2, twice a day. In acidity, flatulence, and dyspepsia, especially when complicated with gout or debility.

=Pills of Cho′′ride of Ba′′rium.= _Syn._ PILULÆ BARII CHLORIDI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Pierquin.) Chloride of barium, 1 dr.; resin of guaiacum, 4 dr.; conserves of fumitory, q. s.; divided into 188 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill, morning and evening, afterwards increased to 2; in tapeworm, and in the rheumatism of scrofulous subjects.

2. (Walsh.) Chloride of barium, 15 gr.; powdered marshmallow or liquorice root and mucilage of tragacanth, of each q. s. to make 200 pills.——_Dose_, 3, gradually increased to 10 or 12, daily; in cancer, scrofula, goitre, syphilis, &c.

_Obs._ The above are very poisonous, and their exhibition demands great caution.

=Pills of Chloride of Cal′cium.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CALCII CHLORIDI, L. _Prep._ 1. As the last.

2. (Gräfe.) Chloride of calcium, 1 dr.; extract of opium, 10 gr.; mucilage, q. s. For 54 pills.——_Dose_, 1, every two or three hours, gradually increased until 10, or even 12, are taken every hour; in gonorrhœa, more especially when occurring in scrofulous subjects.

=Pills of Chloride of Gold.= _Syn._ PILULÆ AURI CHLORIDI L. _Prep._ From terchloride of gold, 3 gr.; powdered liquorice, 1 dr.; syrup, q. s. For 48 pills.——_Dose_, 1 pill, twice or thrice daily.

=Pills of Chloride of Gold and So′dium.= _Syn._ PILULÆ AURI ET SODI CHLORIDI, P. A. SODIO-CHLORIDI, L. _Prep._ (Magendie.) Soda-chloride of gold, 1 gr.; extract of mezereon, 2 dr.; divide into 60 pills.

=Pills of Chloride of Lime.= _Syn._ PILLS OF CHLORINATED LIME; PILULÆ CALCIS HYPOCHLORITIS, L. _Prep._ 1. Chloride of lime, 12 gr.; starch powder, 24 gr.; conserve of hips, q. s.; divide into 36 pills.

2. (Dr Copland.) Chloride of lime, 15 gr.; compound powder of tragacanth, 90 gr.; syrup, q. s. For 24 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, twice or thrice daily; in various putrid affections, fevers, &c.

=Pills of Chloride of Mercury†.= Pills of calomel.

=Pills, Chol′era.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTICHOLERICÆ, E. _Prep._ 1. Powdered camphor, 15 gr.; powdered capsicum (pure), 1/2 dr.; bicarbonate of soda, 1 dr.; conserve of roses, q. s. For 36 pills.——_Dose_, 2 to 4, every 15 minutes, washed down with a wine-glassful of cold water containing half a teaspoonful of ether; repeated every 15 or 20 minutes until reaction ensues. They should be freshly made.

2. (PILULA ANTICHOLERICA ARABICA.) _Prep._ Assafœtida, asclepias gigantea, and opium, of each 1-1/2 gr. in each pill. One every half or three quarters of an hour, broken down in a spoonful of brandy and water, till the symptoms yield. After vomiting and purging have ceased, if prostration and spasms are urgent, give 1/2 or 1/4 doses. Black pepper is substituted for asclepias in this country.

3. (PILULÆ CAMBOGIÆ COMPOSITÆ. B. P.) _Prep._ Gamboge, aloes pods, and compound cinnamon powder, of each 1 part; soap, 2 parts; syrup, q. s.——_Dose_, 5 gr. to 10 gr.

=Pills of Ci′trate of I′ron and Quinine′.= _Syn._ PILULÆ FERRI CITRATIS CUM QUINA, L. _Prep._ From citrate of iron and quinine, 1 dr.; powdered citric acid, 20 gr.; conserve of hips, q. s. For 36 pills. An excellent tonic in debility, chlorosis, &c.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, twice or thrice daily.

=Pills, Sir C. Clark’s.= See DINNER PILLS.

=Pills, Coindet’s.= See PILLS OF IODIDE OF MERCURY.

=Pills of Col′chicum.= See PILLS, GOUT.

=Pills of Col′ocynth.= _Syn._ PILULÆ È DUOBUS, P. EX COLOCYNTHIDE SIMPLICIORES, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. 1746.) Colocynth and scammony, of each 2 oz.; oil of cloves, 2 dr.; syrup of buckthorn, q. s. An active hydragogue cathartic.——_Dose_, 2 to 12 gr.

=Pills of Colocynth (Compound).= _Syn._ PILL OF COCHIA; PILULÆ COCCIÆ, PILULÆ COCHIÆ, PILULA COLOCYNTHIDIS COMPOSITA (B. P.), P. COLOCYNTHIDIS COMPOSITÆ (Ph. L. & D.), P. COLOCYNTHIDIS (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Extract of colocynth (simple), 1 dr.; powdered extract of aloes, 6 dr.; powdered scammony, 2 dr.; powdered cardamoms, 1/2 dr.; soft soap (Ph. L.), 1-1/2 dr.; mix, and beat them altogether, so that a mass may be formed. This is intended as a substitute for the compound extract of colocynth of the Ph. L. 1836.

2. (Ph. E.) Socotrine or East Indian aloes and scammony, of each 8 parts; sulphate of potassa, 1 part; beat them together; add of colocynth, in fine powder, 4 parts; next add of oil of cloves, 1 part; and, with the aid of a little rectified spirit, beat the whole to a mass and divide this into 5-gr. pills.

3. (Ph. D.) Colocynth pulp, scammony, and Castile soap, of each (in powder) 1 oz.; hepatic aloes, 2 oz.; treacle, 10 dr.; oil of cloves, 1 fl. dr.; mix, and beat them into a mass of uniform consistence.

4. (Ph. L. 1746.) Socotrine aloes and scammony, of each 2 oz.; pulp of colocynth, 1 oz.; oil of cloves, 2 dr.; syrup of buckthorn, q. s. to form a pill-mass. This is the original formulæ published by Galen for ‘pilulæ cochiæ minores,’ and, under various slight modifications, it has continued in use ever since.

5. Aloes, 1-1/2 lb.; colocynth, 3/4 lb.; jalap, 6 oz. (all in powder); oil of cloves, 1-1/2 oz.; syrup or treacle, q. s. to mix. _Prod._ About 4-3/4 lbs. This forms the common ‘pil. cochiæ’ of the druggists. A few, more conscientious than the rest, add to the above, scammony, 6 oz. It is greatly inferior to the Ph. pill.

6. (B. P.) Colocynth, in powder, 1; Barbadoes aloes, in powder, 2; scammony, in powder, 2; sulphate of potash, in powder, 1/4; oil of cloves, 1/4; distilled water, a sufficiency (about 1/4); mix. Dr Gregory’s favourite pill.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.

_Obs._ Compound colocynth pill is a cheap and excellent cathartic, more powerful than the other officinal aloetic pills, and well adapted to cases of habitual costiveness. It has long been extensively used by the poorer classes, and in domestic medicine generally.——_Dose_, 5 to 15 gr.

=Pills of Colocynth and Hen′bane.= _Syn._ PILULÆ COLOCYNTHIDIS ET HYOSCYAMI (B. P., Ph. E.), _Prep._ 1. (Ph. E.) Colocynth pill-mass, 2 parts; extract of henbane, 1 part; beat them up with a few drops of rectified spirit (if necessary), and divide them into 5-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 pills; as an anodyne purgative, in irritable bowels.

2. (B. P.) Colocynth, in powder, 2; Barbadoes aloes, in powder, 2; scammony, in powder, 2; sulphate of potash, in powder, 1/4; oil of cloves, 1/4; extract of hyoscyamus, 3; distilled water, a sufficiency; mix.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.

=Pills of Copai′ba.= _Syn._ PILULÆ COPAIBÆ, L. _Prep._ (Ph. U. S.) Pure balsam of copaiba, 2 oz.; recently prepared calcined magnesia, 1 dr.; mix thoroughly, then set the mixture aside until it acquires a pillular consistence, and lastly, divide it into 200 pills.

_Obs._ Unless the magnesia has been very recently calcined, the copaiba hardens very slowly or not at all. It is said that “lime produces the effect more completely and uniformly than magnesia,” and that “specimens of copaiba which are old and contain the most resin harden quickest.” (Redwood.) For present use, the quantity of magnesia may be at least doubled. Dr Pereira orders copaiba, 1 oz.; magnesia, 5 or 6 dr.——_Dose_, 10 to 30 gr., frequently; in diseases of the mucous membranes of the urinary organs. Cubebs are often added.

=Pills, Dr Copland’s.= See PILLS, APERIENT and PECTORAL.

=Pills of Corro′sive Sub′limate.= _Syn._ PILLS OF CHLORIDE OF MERCURY; P. OF BICHLORIDE OF M. †, HOFFMAN’S P.; PILULÆ SUBLIMATIS CORROSIVI, P. HYDRARGYRI BICHLORIDI†, P. MAJORES HOFFMANNI, L. _Prep._ 1. Corrosive sublimate, 3 gr.; white sugar, 1/2 dr.; triturate together in a glass mortar for some time, then add of powdered gum Arabic, 20 gr., and beat the whole to a mass with dilute hydrochloric acid, q. s. For 36 pills, each containing 1/12 gr. of corrosive sublimate.

2. (Brera.) Corrosive sublimate, 3 gr.; rectified spirit, the smallest possible quantity to dissolve it; bread-crum, q. s. to form a mass. For 24 pills, each containing 1/8 gr. of the corrosive sublimate.

3. (Dr Paris.) Corrosive sublimate and sal-ammoniac, of each 5 gr.; water, 1/2 fl. dr.; triturate together until solution is complete, then add of honey, 1/2 dr.; liquorice powder, 1 dr. (or q. s.), and divide into 40 pills. Each pill contains 1/8 gr. of corrosive sublimate.

4. (Ph. Hannov.) Corrosive sublimate, 15 gr.; distilled water, 1/4 fl. dr.; crum of bread, q. s. to form a mass. For 120 pills, each containing 1/8 gr.

5. (PILULÆ HYDRARGYRI BICHLORIDI CUM GUAIACO. Dupuytren.) _Prep._ Perchloride of mercury in subtle powder, 3 gr.; extract of opium, 6 gr.; extract of guaiacum, 12 gr. Make into 20 pills.

_Obs._ The above formulæ are among those most usually employed. Other authorities order pills containing 1/16th of a gr. Dzondi orders 1/20 gr., and Hüfeland only 1/30 gr., in each pill. The commencing dose should not exceed 1 pill containing the 1/12 of a grain, twice or thrice a day. It may afterwards be safely kept at 1/8th of a grain. They are chiefly employed in syphilis, but are also occasionally exhibited with great advantage in glandular indurations and enlargements, and in cancer; due caution being observed.

=Pills, Cough.= See PILLS, PECTORAL, EXPECTORANT, &c.

=Pills of Cre′asote.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CREASOTI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Pitschaft.) Creasote, 6 gr.; powdered henbane, 24 gr.; conserve of hips, q. s. For 24 pills.——_Dose_, 1 three times daily; in sea-sickness, the vomiting during pregnancy, &c.

2. (Rieche.) Creasote, 1 dr.; extract of liquorice and gum galbanum, of each 1/2 dr.; powdered mallow-root, 2 dr.; to be divided into 2-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 3 to 6, four times a day; in acute rheumatism, bronchitis, neuralgia, phthisis, &c.

=Pills, Crespigny’s.= See PILLS, DINNER.

=Pills of Cro′ton Oil.= _Syn._ PILULÆ CROTONIS, P. TIGLII, L. _Prep._ 1. Croton oil, 3 drops; oil of cloves, 4 drops; bread-crum, q. s. For 3 pills, one of which is a dose.

2. (Dr Copland.) Croton oil, 6 drops; pill of aloes and myrrh, 1-1/2 dr.; soap, 20 gr.; liquorice powder, q. s. For 30 pills.——_Dose_, 2 to 4.

3. (Dr Reece.) Croton oil, 6 drops; Castile soap, 1/2 dr.; oil of caraway, 8 drops; liquorice powder, q. s. For 12 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3. In dropsy, visceral obstructions, &c. See CROTON OIL.

4. (With MERCURY——Dr Neligan.) Croton oil soap, 3 gr.; extract of henbane and mercurial pill, of each 24 gr.; oil of pimento, 12 drops; divide into 12 pills.——_Dose_, 2 at bedtime. (See _above_.)

=Pills of Cy′anide of Mer′cury.= _Syn._ PILULÆ HYDRARGYRI CYANIDI, P. H. CYANURETI, L. _Prep._ (Guibourt.) Cyanide of mercury, 6 gr.; opium, 12 gr.; bread-crum, 60 gr.; honey or syrup, q. s. For 96 pills.——_Dose_, 1 night and morning; in syphilis, chronic inflammation of the viscera, &c.

=Pills of Cyanide of Potas′sium.= _Syn._ PILULÆ POTASSII CYANIDI, L. _Prep._ (Golding Bird.) Cyanide of potassium, 2 gr.; arrowroot, 20 gr.; simple syrup, q. s. For 18 pills.——_Dose_, 1, twice or thrice a day; as a sedative in hysteria, gastrodynia, extreme nervous excitability, &c. See DRAUGHT and MIXTURE, HYDROCYANIC.

=Pills of Dandeli′on.= See PILLS, TARAXACUM.

=Pills, De Haen’s.= _Prep._ (St Marie.) Gum ammoniacum and pill aloes with myrrh, of each 1 dr.; extracts of hemlock and Castile soap, of each 1-1/2 dr. For 2-gr. pills.——_Dose_, 3 to 6 daily; in painful or obstructed menstruation, chlorosis, &c.

=Pills of Del′phine.= _Syn._ PILULÆ DELPHINIÆ, L. _Prep._ (Dr Turnbull.) Delphine, 1 gr.; extracts of henbane and liquorice, of each 12 gr. For 12 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 3, twice a day; in dropsy, gout, rheumatism, &c., instead of veratrine.

=Pills, Deobstruent.= (L. Ph., 1746.) _Syn._ PILULÆ ECPHRACTICA. _Prep._ Aromatic pill, 3 oz.; rhubarb, 1 oz.; extract of gentian, 1 oz.; sulphate of iron, 1 oz.; carbonate of potash, 1/2 oz.; syrup of roses, q. s.

=Pills of Deuto-iodide (Biniodide) of Mercury.= _Syn._ PILULÆ HYDRARGYRI DEUTO-IODIDI. (Magendie.) _Prep._ Deuto-iodide (biniodide) of Mercury, 7-1/2 gr.; extract of juniper, 75 gr.; powdered liquorice, q. s. for 100 pills.

=Pills, Diaphoret′ic.= _Syn._ PILULÆ DIAPHORETICÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. Antimonial powder, 1/2 dr.; opium, 10 gr.; calomel, 5 gr.; confection of opium, q. s. to mix; divide into 10 pills.——_Dose_, 1 at bedtime; in coughs and bronchial irritability, after an aperient.

2. Guaiacum, 19 gr.; emetic tartar and opium, of each 1 gr.; simple syrup, q. s. to mix; divide into 3 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 2, in acute rheumatism, &c.

3. Camphor and antimonial powder, of each 1/2 dr.; opium, 10 gr.; aromatic confection, q. s. to mix. For 12 pills. In fevers, and in some spasmodic diseases.——_Dose_, 1 pill.

4. Powdered guaiacum, 10 gr.; compound powder of ipecacuanha, 5 gr.; confection of roses, q. s. to mix; for a dose. As a diaphoretic, in inflammatory affections and rheumatism.

=Pills, Diarrhœ′a.= _Syn._ PILULÆ ANTIDIARRHŒALES, L. _Prep._ (Trousseau & Reveil.) Soft extract of opium, 1-1/2 gr.; calomel and powdered ipecacuanha, of each 3 gr.; conserve of hips, q. s.; divide into 10 pills.——_Dose_, 1, two or three times daily; in chronic and choleraic diarrhœa.

=Pills, Diges′tive.= Under this head are generally classed all the stomachic and milder aperient pills. See PILLS, BATH; PILLS, DINNER, &c.

=Pills of Digita′line.= _Syn._ PILULÆ DIGITALINÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. Digitaline, 1 gr.; powdered sugar, 1/2 dr.; thick mucilage, q. s. For 24 pills.——_Dose_, 1 to 4 daily, watching the effects; as a sedative to reduce the force of the circulation, in phthisis, enlargement of heart, &c. See PILLS, FOXGLOVE.

=Pills, Din′ner.= _Syn._ PILULÆ DICTÆ ANTECIBUM, L.; GRAINS DE SANTÉ, Fr. _Prep._ 1. Aloes, 1 dr.; rhubarb and extract of gentian, of each 1/2 dr.; ipecacuanha and capsicum, of each 12 gr.; syrup of ginger, q. s. to mix. For 3-1/2-gr. pills.

2. (Dr Baillie’s.) See _above_.

3. (BATH DIGESTIVE PILLS.) See _above_.