Chapter LXXVIII: Part 2 (39)

=Tincture, Aromatic.= _Syn._ TINCTURA AROMATICA. (Gr. Ph.) _Prep._ Cinnamon, 4 oz.; cardamoms, 1 oz.; cloves, 1 oz.; galangal root, 1 oz.; ginger, 1 oz.; all in coarse powder; proof spirit, 3 lbs. 2 oz. (by weight). Macerate 8 days, and strain.

=Tincture, Aromat′ic.= Compound tincture of cinnamon.

=Tincture of Artichoke.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CYNARÆ. _Prep._ Fresh artichoke leaves, bruised, 2 lbs.; rectified spirit, 1 lb. Digest for 7 days, express and filter.

=Tincture of Assafœtida.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ASSAFŒTIDÆ (Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Assafœtida (small fragments), 1; rectified spirit, 8; macerate seven days, strain, filter, and add spirit to make 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 dr. to 1 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Assafœtida (small), 5 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D), and filter. “It cannot be made by percolation with delay.” (Ph. E.)

3. (Wholesale.) Assafœtida, 2-1/2 lbs.; boiling water, 2 quarts; dissolve, add of rectified spirit, 1-1/2 gall.; agitate well for 3 or 4 days, then let it settle, and decant the clear portion.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.; in hysteria, flatulent colic, &c.

=Tincture of Assafœtida (Ammo′′niated).= See FETID SPIRIT OF AMMONIA.

=Tincture of Assafœtida, Ethereal.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ASSAFŒTIDÆ ETHEREA. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ Assafœtida, 1 part; alcoholised ether, 5 parts (by weight). Macerate for 10 days. The ether is made by mixing equal weights of ether and rectified spirit.

=Tincture, Asthmat′ic.= Compound tincture of camphor.

=Tincture, Astringent.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ASTRINGENS. (Dr Copland.) _Prep._ Catechu, 1/2 oz.; myrrh, 1/2 oz.; Peruvian bark, 2 dr.; balsam of Peru, 1-1/2 dr.; spirit of horseradish, 1-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1-1/2 oz. Digest. For sponginess of the gums.

=Tincture, Balsamic.= _Syn._ TINCTURA BALSAMICA. (P. E. 1744.) _Prep._ Copaiba, 1 oz.; balsam of Peru, 3 dr.; balsam of Tolu, 2 dr.; benzoin, 1/2 dr.; saffron, 1 scruple; rect. spirit, 16 oz.; digest 4 days in a sand bath, and strain.

=Tincture, Balsam of Copaiba.= _Syn._ TINCTURA BALSAMI COPAIBÆ. (Guibourt.) _Prep._ One part of copaiba to 8 of alcohol. Digest and filter.

=Tincture of Balsam of Gilead.= _Syn_. TINCTURA BALSAMI GILEADENSIS. (Guibourt.) _Prep._ One part of balsam to 8 of rectified spirit.

=Tincture of Bal′sam of Peru.= _Syn._ TINCTURA BALSAMI PERUVIANI, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. 1788.) Balsam of Peru, 4 oz.; rectified spirit, 16 fl. oz.; dissolve. Pectoral, stimulant, and fragrant.——_Dose_, 10 to 30 drops.

=Tincture of Balsam of Tolu.= Tincture of Tolu.

=Tincture of Bark.= Tincture of cinchona.

=Tincture of Belladon′na.= _Syn._ TINCTURA BELLADONNÆ (B. P., Ph. L. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) The dried leaves in coarse powder, 1; proof spirit, 20; macerate forty-eight hours in 15 of the spirit, agitating occasionally; pack in a percolator, and when it ceases to drop, add the remaining spirit, let it drain, wash and press the marc; filter and make up 20.——_Dose_, from 5 to 20 minims.

2. (Ph. L.) Dried leaves of belladonna, 4 oz. (5 oz. in coarse powder——Ph. D.); proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14——Ph. D.), press, and filter.

3. (Wholesale.) From the dried leaves, 1 lb.; proof spirit, 1 gall.; macerate 14 days.——_Dose_, 5 to 10 drops, gradually increased; also externally, diluted with water.

=Tincture of Benzoin.= _Syn._ TINCTURA BENZOINI. (Ph. G.) _Prep._ Benzoin, 2 oz.; rectified spirit, 10 oz. (by weight). Digest for 8 days, frequently shaking; then filter.

=Tincture of Ben′zoin (Compound.)= _Syn._ FRIAR’S BALSAM, TRAUMATHC B., BALSAM FOR CUTS, COMMANDER’S BALSAM, VERVAIN’S B., WOUND B., JESUITS’ DROPS, WADE’S D.; TINCTURA BENZOINI COMPOSITA (B. P., Ph. L. & E.), TINCT. BENZOËS COMP., BALSAMUM TRAUMATICUM, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Benzoin, 8; prepared storax, 6; balsam of Tolu, 2; socotrine aloes, 1-1/2; rectified spirit, 80; macerate seven days, filter, and wash the marc with spirit to make up 80.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 dr., triturated with mucilage or yolk of egg.

2. (Ph. L.) Gum benzoin, coarsely powdered, 3-1/2 oz.; prepared storax, 2-1/2; balsam of Tolu, 10 dr.; Socotrine or hepatic aloes, in coarse powder, 5 dr.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate, with frequent agitation, for 7 days, and strain.

3. (Ph. E.) Benzoin, 4 oz.; balsam of Peru, 2-1/2 oz.; East Indian (hepatic) aloes, 1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart.

_Obs._ Either of the above formulæ produces a most beautiful tincture, truly balsamic. The following is, however, very generally employed by the wholesale druggists, and the product, though possessing a very rich colour, is thin and watery.

4. (Wholesale.) From gum benzoin, 4 lbs.; aloes (lively coloured), 1-1/4 lb.; liquid storax, 1 lb.; balsam of Tolu, 1/4 lb.; powdered turmeric (best), 9 oz.; rectified spirit, 5-1/2 galls.; digest with frequent agitation for 10 days, then add of hot water, 1-1/2 gall., again digest for 4 days, and, after 24 hours’ repose, decant the clear portion.

_Dose_, 10 drops to 2 fl. dr.; as a stimulating expectorant, in chronic coughs, and various breath affections. It is also employed to stop the bleeding from cuts, &c., and promote their healing.

=Tincture, Bitter.= _Syn._ TINCTURA AMARA (Ph. G.) _Prep._ Unripe oranges, 2 oz.; centaury, 2 oz.; gentian root, 2 oz.; zedoary root, 1 oz.; proof spirit, 35 oz. (by weight). Digest 8 days, and strain.

=Tincture, Bitter Stomach′ic.= Tincture of gentian.

=Tincture of Black Snake-root.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CIMICIFUGÆ, TINCTURA ACTÆÆ RACEMOSÆ. _Prep._ Bruised root of black snake-root, 4 oz.; proof spirit, 16 oz.——_Dose_, 1 dr. to 2 dr.

=Tincture of Blessed Thistle.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CARDUI BENEDICTI. (Ph. Bruns) _Prep._ Blessed thistle, 6 oz.; rectified spirit, 2 pints.

=Tincture of Blood Root.= _Syn._ TINCTURA SANGUINARIÆ. (Ph. U. S.) _Prep._ Blood root in moderately fine powder, 4 oz.; proof spirit, 32 oz.; made by percolation.——_Dose._ As a stimulant and alterative, 30 to 60 drops; as an emetic, 3 to 4 dr.

=Tincture, Brandish’s.= Alkaline tincture of rhubarb.

=Tincture of Buchu.= _Syn._ TINCTURA DIOSMÆ, T. BUCKU (Ph. E.), T. BUCHU (B. P., Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Buchu bruised, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate for forty-eight hours with 3/4 of the spirit, pack in a percolator and let it drain, then pour on the rest of the spirit; when it ceases to drop, press and wash the marc, filter and make up to 8.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. E.) Buchu leaves, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.); or proceed by the method of percolation.——_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. dr.; as a tonic, sudorific, and diuretic. It is inferior to the fresh infusion.

=Tincture of Calum′ba.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CALUMBÆ (B. P., Ph. L. &. E.), T. COLOMBÆ (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Bruised calumba, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate forty-eight hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally; pack in a percolator, and let it drain, then pour on the remaining spirit; when it ceases to drop, press, and wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Calumba root, finely sliced, 3 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate a week (14 days.——Ph. D.), press, and filter. “Or, more conveniently, by percolation, allowing the calumba, in moderately fine powder, to first soak in a little spirit for 6 hours.” (Ph. E.)

_Obs._ This tincture is commonly made with 1 lb. of calumba root to the gallon of a mixture of equal parts of rectified spirit and water.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.; as a stomachic bitter and tonic, usually joined with soda or chalybeates.

=Tincture of Cam′phor.= _Syn._ SPIRIT OF WINE AND CAMPHOR, CAMPHORATED SPIRIT; TINCTURA CAMPHORÆ; (Ph. E. & D.), SPIRITUS CAMPHORÆ (Ph. L.), SPIRITUS CAMPHORATUS, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. E.) Camphor, 2-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; dissolve. This is only one half as strong as the Ph. L. preparation.

2. (Ph. D.) Camphor, 1 oz.; rectified spirit, 8 fl. oz. Stimulant and anodyne.——_Dose_, 10 to 60 drops. Also as a liniment for sprains, bruises, chronic rheumatism, &c. For the Ph. L. formula, see SPIRIT.

=Tincture of Camphor (Compound).= _Syn._ CAMPHORATED TINCTURE OF OPIUM ASTHMATIC ELIXIR, PAREGORIC E., ASTHMATIC TINCTURE; TINCTURA CAMPHORÆ COMPOSITA (B. P., Ph. L.), TINCTURA OPII CAMPHORATA (Ph. E. & D.), ELIXIR PAREGORICUM, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Opium, in coarse powder, 40 gr.; benzoic acid, 40 gr.; camphor, 30 gr.; oil of anise, 1/2 dr.; proof spirit, 20 oz.; macerate seven days, strain, wash the marc with spirit, and filter 20 oz.——_Dose_, 15 to 60 minims.

2. (Ph. L.) Camphor, 50 gr.; powdered opium and benzoic acid, of each 72 gr.; oil of aniseed, 1 fl. dr.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days, and filter. The formulæ of the Ph. E. & D. are nearly similar. The oil of aniseed, probably one of the most useful and characteristic of the ingredients, was omitted in the Ph. L. 1824, but was restored in that of 1836.

3. (Wholesale.) From powdered opium, 3 oz.; benzoic acid, camphor, and oil of aniseed, of each 2 oz.; rectified spirit and water, of each 3 galls.; as before.

_Obs._ This tincture is a popular and excellent pectoral and anodyne, where there are no inflammatory symptoms.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.; in troublesome coughs, &c. 1/2 fl. oz. contains about 1 gr. of opium.

=Tincture of Canthar′ides.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CANTHARIDIS (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), TINCTURA LYTTÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Cantharides, in coarse powder, 1; proof spirit, 80; macerate, agitating occasionally, for seven days, in a closed vessel, strain, press, filter, and add sufficient proof spirit to make up 80.——_Dose_, 5 to 20 minims.

2. (Ph. L.) Powdered cantharides, 4 dr. (1/2 oz.——Ph. D.), and strain, with expression.

3. (Wholesale.) From powdered cantharides, 2-1/4 oz.; rectified spirit and water, of each 1/2 gall.; as the last.——_Dose_, 10 drops, gradually raised to 1 fl. dr., in any bland liquid; in fluor albus, gleets, incontinence of urine, lepra, &c. It should be used with caution. The Ed. College recommends it to be prepared by displacement.

=Tincture of Cantharides (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA CANTHARIDIS ETHEREA. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ Powdered cantharides, 1 oz.; acetic ether, 10 oz. (by weight). Macerate for 10 days in a stoppered bottle, express, and filter.

=Tincture of Capsicum.= _Syn._ TINCTURE OF CAYENNE PEPPER; TINCTURA CAPSICI (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Capsicum, bruised, 1; rectified spirit, 27; macerate 48 hours with three fourths of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, and let it drain, then pour on the remaining spirit; as soon as it ceases to drop, wash the marc with spirit to make up 27.——_Dose_, 10 to 20 minims.

2. (Ph. L.) Capsicum, bruised, 10 dr.; proof spirit, 1 quart; digest 14 days (or percolate,——Ph. E.).——_Dose_, 10 to 60 drops; in atonic dyspepsia, scarlet fever, ulcerated sore throat, &c. It is also made into a gargle.

3. (Ph. D.) Cayenne pods, bruised, 1-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint; macerate for 14 days. This is of fully twice the strength of the preceding.

=Tincture of Capsicum (Concentrated).= See ESSENCES.

=Tincture of Capsicum with Veratria.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CAPSICI CUM VERATRIA. (Dr Turnbull.) _Prep._ Dissolve 4 gr. of veratria in 1 oz. of concentrated tincture of capsicum.

=Tincture of Card′amoms.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CARDAMOMI (Ph. E.), TINCT. AMOMI REPENTIS, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L. 1836.) Cardamom seeds, 3-1/2 oz. (4-1/2 oz.——Ph. E.); proof spirit, 1 quart; digest for 14 days (or percolate——Ph. E.).

_Obs._ The shells should be sifted from the seeds before maceration, and the latter are preferably ground in a pepper-mill instead of being bruised in a mortar. Aromatic and carminative.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr., as an adjunct to purgative mixtures.

=Tincture of Cardamoms (Compound).= _Syn._ STOMACHIC TINCTURE; TINCTURA CARDAMOMI COMPOSITA (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D), TINCTURA STOMACHICA, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Cardamom seeds, freed from their pericarps, bruised, 1; caraway, bruised, 1; raisins, freed from their seeds, 8; bruised cinnamon, 2; cochineal, in powder, 1/2; proof spirit, 80; macerate 48 hours with 3/4 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, and let it drain, pour upon it the remainder of the spirit, and, when it ceases to drop, press, wash the marc with spirit to make up 80.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (P. L.) Cardamoms (without the shells), caraways, and cochineal, of each, bruised, 2-1/2 dr.; cinnamon, bruised, 5 dr.; raisins, stoned, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate 7 days, then strain, with expression.

3. (Ph. E., and Ph. L. 1836.) As the last, but using only 1 dr. of cochineal, and macerating 14 days; or, “it maybe prepared by the method of displacement.” (Ph. E.)

4. (Wholesale.) From cardamoms and caraway seeds, of each 4 oz.; cochineal (s. g.), 6 oz.; cassia, 8 oz.; sultana raisins, 5 lbs.; proof spirit, 4 galls. (or rectified spirit and water, of each, 2 galls.); macerate, &c., as before.

_Obs._ The Dublin College omitted the cochineal and raisins in their Ph. of 1826, but have restored them in their new one. The order of the London College to stone the raisins is seldom adopted in practice; by which the tincture is rendered unfit to be employed in dispensing prescriptions containing quinine or other alkaloids. When pharmaceutists are too lazy to follow the instructions in their Pharmacopœia, they had better use sultana raisins, which have no stones.——_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. dr.; as a cordial and stomachic, but chiefly as an adjunct, for its colour and flavour.

=Tincture of Cascaril′la.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CASCARILLÆ (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Cascarilla, bruised, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally; pack in a percolator, let it drain, and pour on the remainder of the spirit, and, when it ceases to drop, wash the marc, press, filter, and make up 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Cascarilla, bruised, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.; or percolate——Ph. E.). An excellent tonic and stomachic; chiefly employed as an adjunct to mixtures, &c.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Cas′sia.= _Syn._ TINCTURE CASSIÆ (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Cassia, 3-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days, or percolate. Stomachic and carminative.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Castor.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CASTOREI (B. P., Ph. L. & E.), TINCT. CASTOREI ROSSICI, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Castor, in coarse powder, 1; rectified spirit, 20; macerate seven days, strain, and wash the marc with spirit sufficient to make up to 20.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Castor, bruised, 2-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.).

_Obs._ The Dublin College ordered Russian castor in their Ph. of 1826; but the scarcity and high price of that variety, we fear, too often precludes its use. The tincture of the shops is usually made with only 8 oz. of castor to the gall. of proof spirit. Nervine and antispasmodic.——_Dose_, 20 drops to 2 fl. dr.; in hysteria, epilepsy, &c.

=Tincture of Castor (Ammo′′niated).= _Syn._ ELIXIR FŒTIDUM, TINCTURA CASTOREI COMPOSITA, T. C. AMMONIATA (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Castor, bruised, 2-1/2 oz.; assafœtida, in small fragments, 10 dr.; spirit of ammonia, 1 quart; digest 7 days in a well-closed vessel. Stimulant and antispasmodic.——_Dose_ and _uses_, as the last. With the addition of 1/2 oz. of opium, it forms the Elixir Uterinum, or Elixir Castorei Thebaicum of foreign Pharmacopœias.

=Tincture of Castor (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA CASTOREI ÆTHEREA. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ Castor, in powder, 1 oz.; alcoholised ether (see ETHEREAL TINCT. OF ASSAFŒTIDA), 10 oz. (by weight).

=Tincture of Castor Oil Seeds.= _Syn._ TINCTURA RICINI. Castor oil seeds bruised are digested with five times their weight of rectified spirit. This tincture is stated to be 4 times the strength of the oil.

=Tincture of Cat′echu.= _Syn._ COMPOUND TINCTURE OF CATECHU; TINCTURA CATECHU COMPOSITA (Ph. L.), T. CATECHU (B. P., Ph. E. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Pale catechu, in coarse powder, 2-1/2; cinnamon, bruised, 1; proof spirit, 20: macerate for seven days with agitation, strain, press, and filter, and add spirit to make up 20.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Catechu, in powder, 3-1/2 oz. (4 oz.——Ph. D.); cinnamon, bruised, 2-1/2 oz. (2 oz.——Ph. D.); proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.).

3. (Wholesale.) From catechu, 2 lbs.; oil of cassia, 3 fl. dr.; rectified spirit and water, of each 1 gall.; macerate for 10 days.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr., as a warm astringent; in diarrhœa, &c., either alone, or combined with chalk.

=Tincture of Cevadilla.= _Syn._ TINCTURA SABADILLÆ. (Dr Turnbull.) _Prep._ Digest the seeds of cevadilla (freed from their capsules), and bruised, for ten days in as much rectified spirit as will cover them; express and filter. For external use only in rheumatism.

=Tincture of Chamomile.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ANTHEMIDIS. (Aust. Ph.) Dried chamomile flowers, 2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint.

=Tincture of Chiret′ta.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CHIRAYTÆ (B. P.), TINCTURA CHIRAYTA, T. CHIRETTÆ (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ (B. P.) Chiretta, cut small and bruised, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, and let it drain, then pour on the remaining spirit; when it ceases to drop, press, and wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 15 to 60 minims; B. Ph. dose 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. D.) Chiretta or chirayta (bruised), 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days. Tonic and stomachic.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Chloroform (Compound).= _Syn._ TINCTURA CHLOROFORMI COMPOSITA. (B. P.) _Prep._ Mix 2 fl. oz. of chloroform with 8 fl. oz. of rectified spirit and 10 fl. oz. of compound tincture of cardamoms.——_Dose_, 20 to 40 minims.

=Tincture of Cinchona.= _Syn._ TINCTURE OF BARK; TINCTURA CINCHONÆ (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), T. CORTICIS PERUVIANI, T. C. P. SIMPLEX, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Yellow cinchona bark, in coarse powder, 4; proof spirit, 20; macerate 48 hours with 15 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator and let it drain, then pour on the remaining spirit, and when it ceases to drop, press, and wash the marc with spirit to make 30.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Yellow cinchona bark (bruised), 8 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days (or percolate——Ph. E.).

_Obs._ The Dublin College orders pale bark, and the Edinburgh either species, according to prescription.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 fl. dr.; as a tonic, stomachic, and febrifuge.

=Tincture of Cinchona (Ammoniated).= _Syn._ TINCTURA CINCHONÆ AMMONIATÆ. (Ph. L. 1824.) _Prep._ Peruvian bark, 4 oz.; aromatic spirit of ammonia, 32 fl. oz. Macerate for 10 days.——_Dose_, 1/2 dr. to 1 dr.

=Tincture of Cinchona (Compound).= _Syn._ COMPOUND TINCTURE OF BARK, HUXHAM’S T. OF B., FEVER TINCTURE; TINCTURA CINCHONÆ COMPOSITÆ (B. P.), TINCTURA CINCHONÆ COMPOSITÆ (Ph. L., E., & D.), TINCT. CORTICIS PERUVIANI COMPOSITA, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Pale cinchona bark, in coarse powders; bitter orange peel, cut small and bruised, 2; serpentary, bruised, 1; saffron, 1/4; cochineal, 1/8; proof spirit, 40: macerate 48 hours with 30 of spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator and let it drain, then pour on the remainder of the spirit; when it ceases to drop, press, and wash the marc with spirit to make up 40.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Pale bark, bruised, 4 oz.; dried bitter orange-peel, 3 oz. (2 oz.——Ph. D.); serpentary root, bruised, 6 dr.; hay saffron, 2 dr.; cochineal, in powder, 1 dr.; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.; or percolate——Ph. E.); press, and filter.

3. (Wholesale.) From pale bark, 3-1/2 lbs.; dried orange peel, 2 lbs.; serpentary root, 4 oz.; hay saffron, 1 oz.; cochineal, 1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 4 galls. (or rectified spirit and water, of each 2 galls.); macerate for 14 days.

_Obs._ in the Ph. E. yellow bark is ordered.——_Dose_ and _use_, as the last.

=Tincture of Cinchona (Pale).= _Syn._ TINCTURE OF PALE BARK; TINCTURA CINCHONÆ PALLIDÆ (Ph. L.), L. _Prep._ From pale bark, as the last.

=Tincture of Cinna′mon.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CINNAMOMI (B. P., Ph. L. & E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Cinnamon, in coarse powder, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator and let it drain, then pour on the remaining spirit; when it ceases to drop, press, and wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.

2. (Ph. L.) Cinnamon, bruised, 3-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.). In the shops cassia is usually substituted for cinnamon, and spirit 26 u. p. for proof spirit.——_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. dr.; as a cordial, aromatic, and stomachic.

=Tincture of Cinnamon (Compound).= _Syn._ AROMATIC TINCTURE; TINCTURA CINNAMOMI COMPOSITA (Ph. L., E., & D.), T. AROMATICA, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Cinnamon, bruised, 1 oz.; cardamoms (bruised, without the shells), 1/2 oz.; long pepper and ginger, of each 2-1/2 dr.; proof spirit, 1 quart; digest for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.). The Ph. E. omits the ginger, and uses 1/2 oz. more cardamoms.

2. (Ph. D.) Cinnamon, 2 oz.; cardamoms, 1 oz.; ginger, 1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days. The following form is current in the wholesale houses.

3. Cassia, 1 lb.; cardamoms, 6 oz.; long pepper and ginger, of each 1/4 lb.; oil of cassia, 1-1/2 fl. dr.; proof spirit, 4 galls, (or rectified spirit and water, of each 2 galls.). Cordial, aromatic, stomachic.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.; in atonic gout, debility, flatulence, &c.

=Tincture of Cloves.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CARYOPHYLLI. (Guibourt.) _Prep._ Cloves, 2 oz.; rectified spirit, 16 oz. Macerate 10 days.

=Tincture of Coch′ineal.= _Syn._ TINCTURA COCCI CACTI (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Cochineal, in powder, 1; proof spirit, 8: macerate 7 days; strain, and wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 30 to 90 minims twice a day. Used chiefly for colouring medicines.

2. (Ph. D.) Cochineal, in fine powder, 2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint. Antispasmodic and sedative; but chiefly employed for its colour.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Cochineal (Ammoniated).= _Syn._ TINCTURA COCCI AMMONIATA. (Dr Eberle.) _Prep._ Cochineal, 1/2 oz.; water of ammonia, 1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 8 fl. oz.——_Dose_, 5 drops in hooping-cough.

=Tincture of Col′chicum.= _Syn._ GOUT TINCTURE, TINCTURE OF MEADOW SAFFRON; TINCTURA COLCHICI SEMINUM (B. P.); TINCTURA COLCHICI (Ph. L., & E.), T. SEMINUM COLCHICI (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. Colchicum seed, bruised, 1; proof spirit, 8: macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, and let it drain, then pour on the remainder of the spirit; when it ceases to drop, wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 15 to 30 minims.

2. (Ph. L.) Seeds of meadow saffron (_Colchicum autumnale_), bruised (finely ground in a coffee-mill——Ph. E.), 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.; or percolate——Ph. E.); then press, and filter.——_Dose_, 15 to 20 drops to 1 fl. dr.; in gout, &c.

=Tincture of Colchicum Bulbs.= _Syn._ TINCTURA COLCHICI E RADICE. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ Macerate 1 part of the bulbs in 5 parts (by weight) of proof spirit, for 10 days.

=Tincture of Colchicum (Compound).= _Syn._ TINCTURA COLCHICI COMPOSITA (Ph. L.), SPIRITUS COLCHICI AMMONIATUS, L. _Prep._ (Ph. L.) Colchicum seeds, bruised, 5 oz.; aromatic spirit of ammonia, 1 quart; digest for 7 days, then press, and filter.——_Dose_, 20 drops to 1 fl. dr.; in gout, &c.

=Tincture of Colchicum Flowers.= _Syn._ TINCTURA FLORUM COLCHICI; EAU MEDICINALE D’HUSSON. (Dr Wilson.) _Prep._ Take of the fresh juice of colchicum flowers, 2 parts; French brandy (or proof spirit), 1 part; mix, and in a few days decant, or filter, and preserve it in small bottles in a cool place.

=Tincture of Colocynth.= _Syn._ TINCTURA COLOCYNTHIDIS. (Ph. G.) Colocynth, 1 part; rectified spirit, 10 parts. _Dose_, 6 to 20 drops.

=Tincture of Contrayerva.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CONTRAYERVÆ. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ Contrayerva root, 4 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 pint.

=Tincture of Copai′ba (Alkaline).= _Syn._ TINCTURA COPAIBÆ ALKALINE, L. _Prep._ (Lewis Thompson.) Dissolve carbonate of potassa, 2 oz., in water, 1 pint, and add to this balsam of copaiba, in a thin stream, constantly stirring, until the mixture, at first white and milky, becomes clear, like jelly or amber, which will generally take place when about a pint of balsam has been added; set the mixture aside for two or three hours, then pour in of rectified spirit, 1 quart, and mix the whole together. Sweet spirit of nitre may be substituted for spirit of wine, provided it does not contain free acid.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls.

=Tincture of Croton.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CROTONIS. _Prep._ Croton seed, 1 part; rectified spirit, 5 parts. (Beasley.)

=Tincture of Cu′bebs.= _Syn._ ESSENCE OF CUBEBS; TINCTURA CUBEBÆ (B. P., Ph. L. & D.), TINCTURA PIPERIS CUBEBÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Cubebs, in powder, 1; rectified spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator and let it drain; pour on the remaining spirit, and when it ceases to drop, wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Cubebs (bruised or ground in a pepper-mill), 1 lb.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days, press out the liquor, and filter.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 fl. dr., three or four times a day; in gonorrhœa, &c.

3. (Ph. D., & Ph. L. 1836.) Cubebs, 5 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart (proof spirit——Ph. D. 1826); macerate for 14 days.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Cuspa′′ria.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CUSPARIÆ (Ph. E.), T. ANGOSTURÆ, L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Angostura bark or cusparia, 4-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; digest or percolate. Tonic, stimulant, and stomachic.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Deadly Nightshade.= Tincture of belladonna.

=Tincture, De Coetlogon’s.= Haffenden’s tincture.

=Tincture of Digita′lis.= Tincture of fox-glove.

=Tincture of Elaterium.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ELATERII. _Prep._ Extract of elaterium, 8 gr.; rectified spirit, 8 fl. oz.——_Dose_, 1/2 dr. to 2 dr.

=Tincture of Elecampane′.= _Syn._ TINCTURA INULÆ, T. HELENII, L. _Prep._ (P. Cod.) Powdered elecampane, 4 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint; macerate for 15 days. Tonic, deobstruent, and expectorant.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.; in dyspepsia, palsy, dropsies, uterine obstructions, &c.

=Tincture of Er′got.= _Syn._ TINCTURA SECALII CORNUTI, TINCTURA ERGOTÆ (B. P., Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Ergot, bruised, 1; proof spirit, 4; macerate 48 hours with 3 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, let it drain, then pour on the remaining spirit; when it ceases to drop, wash the marc with the spirit to make up 4.——_Dose_, 15 to 60 minims.

2. (Apothecaries’ Hall.) Ergot (ground in a coffee-mill), 2-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint; digest for 7 days.——_Dose._ A teaspoonful; to excite the action of the uterus in labour.

3. (Ph. D.) Ergot, 8 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days, and strain, with expression.——_Dose_, 20 drops to 1 fl. dr.; as the last.

=Tincture of Ergot (Ammoniated).= _Syn._ TINCTURA ERGOTÆ AMMONIATA. (Gore.) _Prep._ Bruised ergot, 4 oz.; aromatic spirit of ammonia, 10 oz.; macerate for a month, express, and filter.——_Dose_, 30 drops every 10 minutes till it excites uterine contractions.

=Tincture of Ergot (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA ERGOTÆ ÆTHEREA (Ph. L.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. L.) Ergot, bruised, 15 oz.; ether, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days, press, and filter.——_Dose_, 10 drops to 1 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Eucalyptus.= _Syn._ TINCTURA EUCALYPTI GLOBULI. (Dorvault.) _Prep._ Eucalyptus (globulus) leaves, cut, 1 part; alcohol (80 per cent.), 5 parts. Digest 5 days, and filter.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 dr.

=Tincture of Euphorbium.= _Syn._ TINCTURA EUPHORBII. (Ph. G.) _Prep._ Euphorbium, 1 oz.; rectified spirit, 10 oz. (by weight). Digest 8 days.

=Tincture, Febrifuge.= _Syn._ TINCTURA FEBRIFUGA. (Dr Clutton.) _Prep._ Febrifuge spirit, 1/2 pint; angelica root, 1-1/2 dr.; serpentary, 1-1/2 dr.; cardamom seeds, 1-1/2 dr. Digest and filter.

=Tincture of Flea-bane.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ERIGERONIS. _Prep._ Dried Canada flea-bane (_Erigeron Canadense_), 4 oz.; proof spirit, 16 oz. Macerate, express, and filter.

=Tincture of Foxglove.= _Syn._ TINCTURA DIGITALIS (Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (Ph. L.) Dried foxglove leaves, 4 oz. (5 oz.——Ph. D.); proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.; or percolate——Ph. E.); then press, and strain.

2. (B. P.) Digitalis leaves in coarse powder, 2-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 part. Proceed as for tincture of aconite. (B. P.)

_Obs._ This tincture is a powerful sedative, diuretic, and narcotic. The commencing dose should be 10 drops, gradually and cautiously increased to 30, or even 40; in asthmas, dropsies, fevers, phthisis, &c. “If 40 fl. oz. of spirit be allowed to pass (percolate) through the sp. gr. will be ·944; and the solid contents of 1 fl. oz. will amount to 24 gr.” (Ph. E.)

=Tincture of Galanga.= _Syn._ TINCTURA GALANGÆ. (Ph. Amst.) _Prep._ Galangal root, 1 oz.; proof spirit, 6 oz.——_Dose_, 30 to 60 drops.

=Tincture of Gal′banum.= _Syn._ TINCTURA GALBANI, L. _Prep._ (Ph. D. 1826.) Galbanum, 2 oz.; proof spirit, 32 fl. oz.; digest 7 days. Stimulant and antispasmodic.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 fl. dr. “If less nauseous than tincture of assafœtida, it is also less powerful.” (Dr A. T. Thomson.)

=Tincture of Galls.= _Syn._ TINCTURA GALLÆ (B. P., Ph. L. & D.), TINCTURA GALLARUM (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1 (B. P.) Galls, bruised, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate for 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, let it drain, and then pour on the remaining spirit; when it ceases to drop, wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Galls, in powder, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.; or percolate——Ph. E.); then express the liquid, and filter it. Astringent and styptic.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr. It is chiefly used as a test for iron.

=Tincture of Garden Marigold.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CALENDULÆ. _Prep._ A saturated tincture of the leaves and flowers of the garden marigold is prepared with whisky, and is reputed to be of service as an application for lacerated wounds.

=Tincture of Garden Nightshade (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA SOLANI ÆTHEREA. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ Powdered leaves of garden nightshade, 4 oz.; sulphuric ether, 16 oz. (by weight). Make by percolation.

=Tincture of Gentian (Ammo′′niated).= _Syn._ TINCTURA GENTIANÆ AMMONIATÆ, L.; ELIXIR ANTISCROFULEUX, Fr. _Prep._ (P. Cod.) Gentian, 1 oz.; sesquicarbonate of ammonia, 1/4 oz.; proof spirit, 32 fl. oz. As the last; but preferred in acidity and low spirits.

=Tincture of Gen′tian (Compound).= _Syn._ BITTER STOMACHIC TINCTURE; TINCTURA GENTIANÆ COMPOSITA (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), TINCTURA AMARA, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Gentian, bruised, 1-1/2; bitter orange peel, bruised, 3/4; cardamom seeds, bruised, 1/4; proof spirit, 20; macerate for 48 hours with 15 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, let it drain, and then pour on the remaining spirit; when it ceases to drop, wash the marc with spirit to make up 20.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Gentian root, sliced and bruised, 2-1/2 oz.; dried orange peel, 10 dr.; cardamoms, bruised, 5 dr.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.). The Edinburgh College substitutes canella for cardamoms, and adds of cochineal, 1/2 dr.

3. (Ph. D.) Gentian root, 3 oz.; dried bitter orange peel, 1-1/2 oz.; cardamoms, 1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days.

4. (Wholesale.) Gentian, 2-1/2 lbs.; dried orange peel, 1-1/4 lb.; bruised cardamoms, 2-1/2 lbs.; proof spirit, 4 galls. (or rectified spirit and water, of each 2 galls.); digest as last.

_Obs._ This is an excellent and popular stomachic bitter and tonic——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl dr.; in dyspepsia, loss of appetite, &c.

=Tincture of Geranium.= _Syn._ TINCTURA GERANII. _Prep._ Dried roots of _Geranium maculatum_, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 2 pints. Astringent. Used chiefly in gargles.

=Tinc′ture of Gin′ger.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ZINGIBERIS (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.). _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Ginger, bruised, 1; rectified spirit, 8; macerate the ginger 48 hours in 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally; pack in a percolator, let it drain, pour on the remaining spirit, and when it ceases to drop press, filter, and add spirit to make 8.——_Dose_, 10 to 30 minims.

2. (Ph. L.) Ginger, bruised, 2-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.).

3. (Wholesale.) Coarsely powdered unbleached Jamaica ginger, 1-1/4 lb.; rectified spirit (or spirit distilled from the essence), 1-1/2 gall.; water, 1/2 gall.; digest as above. Stimulant and carminative.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr.

_Obs._ The formula of the Ph. D. 1826 resembles the above; that of the last Ph. D. orders 8 oz. of ginger to 1 quart of rectified spirit. The product is, consequently, of fully 3 times the strength of that of the others, and is similar to the common ESSENCE OF GINGER of the shops.

=Tincture of Ginger (Stronger).= _Syn._ TINCTURA ZINGIBERIS FORTIOR. (B. P.) Pack tightly in a percolator, ginger in fine powder, 10 oz., and pour over it carefully 1/2 pint of rectified spirit. After two hours more add more spirit, and let it percolate slowly until 1 pint of tincture has been collected.——_Dose_, 5 to 20 minims.

=Tincture of Gold-Thread.= _Syn._ TINCTURA COPTIS. (Dr Wood.) _Prep._ Gold-thread, 1 oz.; proof spirit, 16 oz.——_Dose_, 1 dr. Tonic.

=Tincture, Gout.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ANTARTHRITICA, L. _Prep._ 1. (Dr. Graves’s.) Take of dried orange peel and powder of aloes and canella, of each 2 oz.; rhubarb, 1 oz.; French brandy (or proof spirit), 1 quart; digest a week, and strain, with expression.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls night and morning.

2. (Dr Wilson’s.) Tincture of colchicum flowers.

3. Tincture of colchicum.

=Tincture of Green Hellebore Root.= _Syn._ TINCTURA VERATRI VIRIDIS. (B. P.) _Prep._ Green hellebore root, in coarse powder, 4 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 pint. Prepared as tincture of aconite. (B. P.)

=Tincture of Gua′iacum.= _Syn._ TINCTURA GUAIACI (Ph. E. & D.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. E. & Ph. L. 1836.) Guaiacum resin (powdered), 7 oz. (8 oz.——Ph. D.); rectified spirit, 1 quart; digest for 14 days, and filter. An excellent sudorific; in chronic gout and rheumatism.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 fl. dr., taken in milk.

=Tincture of Guaiacum (Alkaline).= _Syn._ TINCTURA GUAIACI ALKALINI. (Dr Dewees.) _Prep._ Guaiacum, 5 oz.; carbonate of potash or of soda, 3 dr.; pimento, 2 oz.; proof spirit, 2 pints.——_Dose._ A teaspoonful 3 times a day in dysmenorrhœa.

=Tincture of Guaiacum (Compound).= _Syn._ AMMONIATED TINCTURE OF GUAIACUM, VOLATILE T. OF G., RHEUMATIC DROPS; TINCTURA GUAIACI COMPOSITA (Ph. L.), T. G. AMMONIATA (B. P., Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Guaiac resin, in fine powder, 4; aromatic spirit of ammonia, 20; macerate 7 days, filter, and wash the filter with the spirit to make up 20.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 dr., with 1 dr. of mucilage or yolk of egg, to form an emulsion.

2. (Ph. L.) Guaiacum, in coarse powder, 7 oz.; aromatic spirit of ammonia (spirit of ammonia——Ph. E.), 1 quart; digest for 7 days, and decant or filter. A powerful, stimulating sudorific and emmenagogue; in chronic rheumatism, gout, amenorrhœa, &c.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr. in milk, or some viscid liquid.

=Tincture of Guaiacum Wood.= _Syn._ TINCTURA GUAIACI LIGNI. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ One part of the rasped wood to 5 parts by weight of proof spirit. Digest 10 days and strain.

=Tincture of Guarana.= _Syn._ TINCTURA PAULLINIÆ. (Dorvault.) _Prep._ Alcoholic extract of guarana, 1 oz.; proof spirit, 16 oz. Dissolve.

=Tincture, Haffenden’s Balsam′ic.= _Syn._ DE COETLOGON’S BALSAMII TINCTURE. This is a nostrum, of many virtues, prepared from tincture of serpentary (of double strength), 1-1/2 fl. oz.; compound of tincture of benzoin, 1 fl. oz.; tinctures of Tolu and opium, of each 1/2 fl. oz.; with rectified spirits, q. s. to render the mixture ‘bright,’ should it turn milky. (‘Anat. of Quackery.’)

=Tincture, Hatfield’s.= _Prep._ From gum guaiacum and soap, of each 2 dr.; rectified spirit, 1 pint; digest for a week. Used as TINCTURE OF GUAIACUM; also externally.

=Tincture of Hedge-Hyssop.= _Syn._ TINCTURA GRATIOLÆ. (Reece.) _Prep._ Dried hedge-hyssop, 4 oz.; proof spirit, 32 oz.

=Tincture of Hel′lebore.= _Syn._ TINCTURE OF BLACK HELLEBORE; TINCTURA HELLEBORI (Ph. L.), L. TINCTURA HELLEBORI NIGRI. _Prep._ (Ph. L.) Black hellebore root, bruised, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate 7 days, then strain, with expression.

_Obs._ This tincture is a powerful emmenagogue, and was a favourite remedy with Dr Mead in uterine obstructions and certain cutaneous affections.——_Dose_, 20 drops to 1 fl. dr. See TINCTURE OF VERATRUM.

=Tincture of Hem′lock.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CICUTÆ, T. CONII (Ph. L. & E.), T. CONII MACULATI, L. _Prep._ 1, (Ph. L.) Dried hemlock leaves, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; digest a week, press, and filter. In the Ph. L. 1836, cardamom seeds, 1 oz., was added.

2. (Ph. E.) Fresh hemlock leaves, 12 oz.; express the juice, bruise the residuum, and treat it, by percolation, first with tincture of cardamoms, 10 fl. oz., and next with rectified spirit, 1-1/2 pint; mix the liquids, and filter. Deobstruent and narcotic.——_Dose_ of the Ph. L., 20 to 60 drops; that of the Ph. E. tincture is less, it being a much stronger and certain preparation. See HEMLOCK.

3. (B. P.) Hemlock fruit, bruised, 2-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint. Proceed as for tincture of aconite (B. P.).

=Tincture of Hemp.= Tincture of Indian Hemp.

=Tincture of Hen′bane.= _Syn._ TINCTURA HYOSCYAMI (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.). _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Hyoscyamus leaves, dried and bruised, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, pack in a percolator, and when it has drained pour on the remaining spirit, and when it ceases to drop, press, and wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 15 to 60 minims.

2. (Ph. L.) Dried leaves of henbane, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.; or percolate——Ph. E.), then press, and filter. Anodyne, sedative, soporific, and narcotic.——_Dose_, 20 drops to 2 fl. dr.

_Obs._ This, as well as the TINCTURES OF FOXGLOVE, HEMLOCK, HOPS, JALAP, LOBELIA INFLATA, RHATANY, SAVINE, SQUILLS, SENNA, VALERIAN WORMWOOD, &c., is usually prepared by the druggists with 1 lb. of the dried leaves (or dried drugs) to each gall. of a mixture of equal parts of rectified spirit and water.

=Tincture of Hops.= _Syn._ TINCTURA LUPULI (B. P., Ph. L. & E.), TINCTURA HUMULI, L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Hop, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours in 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, let it drain, add the remaining spirit, and when fluid ceases to drop, wash the marc, filter, and make up 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. E.) Hops, 6 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; digest 7 days, then press, and filter. Anodyne, sedative, and soporific.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr. For the formula of the Ph. E. and D., see TINCTURE OF LUPULIN.

=Tincture of Hops (Compound).= _Syn._ TINCTURA LUPULI COMPOSITA, LIQUEUR DES TEIGNEUX. (P. Cod.) _Prep._ Hops, 1 oz.; smaller centaury, 1 oz.; orange peel, 2 dr.; carbonate of potash, 12 gr.; proof spirit, 18 oz. (by weight).

=Tincture of Horse-Chestnut.= _Syn._ TINCTURA HIPPOCASTANEI. _Prep._ Horse-chestnut bark, 4 oz.; proof spirit, 2 pints. Macerate for 10 days, and filter.

=Tincture, Hudson’s.= Tooth tincture.

=Tincture, Huxham’s.= Compound tincture of cinchona.

=Tincture of Indian Hemp.= _Syn._ TINCTURA CANNABIS INDICÆ (B. P.), TINCTURA CANNABIS, T. C. INDICÆ (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ (B. P.) Extract of Indian hemp, 1; rectified spirit, 20; dissolve.——_Dose_, 5 to 20 minims with 1 dr. of mucilage, adding 1 oz. of water.

2. (Ph. D.) Purified extract of Indian hemp, 1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1/2 pint; dissolve. 21 drops (minims) contain 1 gr. of the extract.

_Obs._ The formula of O’Shaughnessy and the Bengal Ph. are similar.——_Dose_, 10 drops every 1/2 hour in cholera; 1 fl. dr. every 1/2 hour in tetanus till the paroxysms cease, or catalepsy is induced.

=Tincture of Indian Tobac′co.= Tincture of lobelia.

=Tincture of I′odine.= _Syn._ TINCTURA IODINEI (Ph. E.) TINCTURA IODINII, L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Iodine, 2-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; dissolve, and preserve it in well-closed bottles.——_Dose_, 5 to 30 drops, twice or thrice daily, where the use of iodine is indicated. Externally, as a paint, &c.

_Obs._ The formulæ of Magendie, the Ph. U. S., and the Paris Codex, are similar.

=Tincture of Iodine (Colourless).= _Syn._ TINCTURA IODI DECOLORATA. (Ph. G.) _Prep._ Iodine, 10 oz.; hyposulphite of soda, 10 oz.; distilled water, 10 oz. Digest with gentle heat, occasionally shaking; and, when the solution is completed, add liquor ammoniæ (·960), 16 oz. (by weight), shake together, and add rectified spirit, 75 oz. (by weight).

=Tincture of Iodine (Compound).= _Syn._ ANTISCROFULOUS DROPS; TINCTURA IODI (B. P.), TINCTURA IODINII COMPOSITA (Ph. L. & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. Iodine, 1/2; iodide of potassium, 1/4; rectified spirit, 20; dissolve.——_Dose_, 5 to 20 minims. Also an excellent application to the throat in diphtheria.

2. (Ph. L. & D.) Iodine, 1 oz.; iodide of potassium, 2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; dissolve.——_Dose_, &c., as the last.

=Tincture of Iodine (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA IODINII ÆTHEREA. _Prep._ Iodine, 2 scruples, sulphuric ether, 1-1/2 fl. oz.

=Tincture, Iodoform (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA IODOFORMI ÆTHEREA. (Odin & Lemaire.) _Prep._ Crystallised iodoform, 15 gr.; ether at 60° Baumé, 1 dr. (by weight).

=Tincture of Ipecacuan′ha.= _Syn._ TINCTURA IPECACUANHA, L. _Prep._ (Ph. Bor.) Ipecacuanha (coarsely powdered), 1 oz.; spirit, sp. gr. ·897 to ·900 (16 to 17 o. p.), 8 oz.; macerate for 8 days. The tincture of the P. Cod. has twice its strength.——_Dose_, 10 or 12 drops to 2 fl. dr., according to the intention.

=Tincture of Jaborandi.= _Syn._ TINCTURA JABORANDI. (‘Ph. Journ.’) _Prep._ Powdered jaborandi leaves, 10 oz.; rectified spirit, q. s. Percolate until a pint of tincture is obtained.——_Dose_, 10 minims to 1 or 2 dr.

Mr Shuttleworth, the Editor of the ‘Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal,’ thus utilises the residue left after making tincture of myrrh. He says “that, from fifty-two pounds of the residue of percolation, dissolved in boiling water, strained and allowed to deposit, he obtained twelve gallons of mucilage, forming an excellent substitute for paste, and possessing unlimited keeping qualities. Although scarcely so adhesive as gum Arabic, this latter property may be obtained by the addition of a little molasses.”

=Tincture of Jal′ap.= _Syn._ TINCTURA JALAPÆ (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Jalap, in coarse powder, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate for 48 hours in six of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, and when the fluid ceases to pass, pour on the remaining spirit, press, filter, and add spirit to make 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Jalap, coarsely powdered, 5 oz. (10 oz.——Ph. L. 1836; 7 oz.——Ph. E.); proof spirit, 1 quart (1-1/2 pint——Ph. D.); macerate for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.), then press, and filter. Cathartic.——_Dose_, 1 to 4 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Jalap (Compound).= _Syn._ TINCTURA JALAPÆ COMPOSITA. (Ph. E. 1744.) _Prep._ Jalap root, 6 dr.; black hellebore root, 3 dr.; juniper berries, 1/2 oz.; guaiacum shavings, 1/2 oz.; French brandy, 24 oz.; digest for 3 days, and strain. The _Eau de Vie Allemande_ of the Paris Codex is: Jalap, 8 oz.; turpeth root, 1 oz.; scammony, 2 oz.; proof spirit, 96 oz. (by weight).——_Dose_, 4 dr.

=Tincture of Ki′no.= _Syn._ TINCTURE KINO (B. P., Ph. L. & E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Kino, in powder, 1; rectified spirit, 10; macerate 7 days, filter, and make up 10.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Powdered kino, 3-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (or percolate——Ph. E.), and filter. Astringent.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr., combined with chalk mixture; in diarrhœa, &c.

A writer in the ‘American Journal of Pharmacy’ says the following formula will yield a tincture which has no tendency to gelatinise like the simple tincture of the B. P.:

Kino, in fine powder, 1-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 8 fl. oz.; water, 4 oz.; glycerin, 4 fl. oz. Mix the alcohol, water, and glycerin together, and having mixed the kino with an equal bulk of clean sand, introduce in a percolator, and pour on the menstruum.

Mr Haselden says, that for some years past he has preserved tincture of kino from gelatinising by keeping it in bottles holding 2 oz. only.

=Tincture of Lactu′′carium.= _Syn._ TINCTURA LACTUCARII, L. _Prep._ (Ph. E.) Powdered lactucarium, 4 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; digest or percolate. Anodyne, soporific, antispasmodic, and sedative.——_Dose_, 20 to 60 drops; in cases for which opium is unsuited, 10 drops (minims) contain 1 gr. of lactucarium.

=Tincture of Larch.= _Syn._ TINCTURA LARICIS. (B. P.) _Prep._ Larch bark, in coarse powder, 2-1/2 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 pint. Macerate the bark for 48 hours in 15 oz. of the spirit in a closed vessel, agitating occasionally; then transfer to a percolator, and when the fluid ceases to pass, continue the percolation with the remaining 5 oz. of spirit. Afterwards subject the contents of the percolator to pressure, filter the product, mix the liquid, and add rectified spirit, q. s. to make 1 pint.——_Dose_, 20 to 30 minims.

=Tincture of Lav′ender (Compound).= _Syn._ RED LAVENDER, RED LAVENDER DROPS, RED HARTSHORN; TINCTURA LAVENDULÆ COMPOSITA (B. P., Ph. L. & D.), SPIRITUS LAVANDULÆ COMPOSITUS (Ph. E.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) English oil of lavender, 90 minims; English oil of rosemary, 10 minims; cinnamon, bruised, 150 gr.; nutmeg, bruised, 150 gr.; red sandal wood, 300 gr.; rectified spirit, 40 oz.; macerate the cinnamon, nutmeg, and red sandal wood in the spirit for 7 days, then press out and strain; dissolve the oils in the strained tincture, and add sufficient rectified spirit to make 40 oz.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. (Ph. L.) Cinnamon and nutmegs, of each, bruised, 2-1/2 dr.; red sanders wood, sliced, 5 dr.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days, then strain, with expression, and dissolve in the strained liquid, oil of lavender, 1-1/2 fl. dr., oil of rosemary, 10 drops.

3. (Ph. L. 1836.) Spirit of lavender, 1-1/2 pint; spirit of rosemary, 1/2 pint; red sanders wood (rasped), 5 dr.; cinnamon and nutmegs (bruised), of each 2-1/2 dr.; macerate for 14 days.

4. (Ph. E.) Spirit of lavender, 1 quart; spirit of rosemary, 12 fl. oz.; cinnamon, 1 oz.; nutmeg, 1/2 oz.; red sanders, 3 dr.; cloves, 2 dr.; as No. 1.

5. (Ph. D.) Oil of lavender. 3 fl. dr.; oil of rosemary, 1 fl. dr.; cinnamon, 1 oz.; nutmegs, 1/2 oz.; cloves and cochineal, of each 1/4 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days.

6. (Wholesale.) From oil of cassia, 3/4 fl. oz.; oil of nutmeg, 1 fl. oz.; oils of lavender and rosemary, of each 4-1/2 fl. oz.; red sanders (rasped), 3 lbs.; proof spirit, 6 galls., (or rectified spirit and water, of each 3 galls.); digest 14 days. Should it be cloudy, add a little more proof spirit.

_Obs._ Compound tincture of lavender is a popular stimulant, cordial, and stomachic.——_Dose_, 1 to 3 teaspoonfuls (1/2 to 2 fl. dr.); in lowness of spirits, faintness, flatulence, hysteria, &c.

=Tincture of Lem′ons.= _Syn._ TINCTURA LIMONUM (Ph. L.), TINCTURA LIMONIS (B. P., Ph. D., Ph. L.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Fresh lemon peel, sliced thin, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate for 7 days in a closed vessel with occasional agitation, strain, press, filter, and make up with spirit to 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 dr.

2. Fresh lemon peel, 3-1/2 oz. (cut thin, 5 oz.——Ph. D.); proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.), then express the liquid, and filter it. An aromatic bitter and stomachic.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Lobe′′lia.= _Syn._ TINCTURE OF INDIAN TOBACCO; TINCTURA LOBELIÆ INFLATÆ, TINCTURA LOBELIÆ (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Lobelia, dried and bruised, 1; proof spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, and let it drain, pour on the remaining spirit, and when it ceases to drop, press and wash the marc with spirit to make up 8.——_Dose_, 10 to 30 minims, but 1 dr. may be given for dyspnœa; 4 dr. as an emetic.

2. (Ph. L.) Dried and powdered lobelia inflata, 5 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days——Ph. D.; or percolate——Ph. E.), press, and filter.——_Dose._ As an expectorant, 10 to 60 drops; as an emetic and antispasmodic, 1 to 2 fl. dr., repeated every third hour until it causes vomiting. It is principally employed in spasmodic asthma, and some other pulmonary affections.

=Tincture of Lobelia (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA LOBELIÆ ÆTHEREA (B. P., Ph. L. & E.), L. _Prep._ 1. Lobelia, dried and bruised, 1; spirit of ether, 8; macerate 7 days, press, and strain 8.——_Dose_, 10 to 30 minims as an antispasmodic.

2. (Ph. L.) Indian tobacco, powdered, 5 oz.; ether, 14 fl. oz.; rectified spirit, 26 fl. oz.; macerate 7 days, press, and filter.

3. (Ph. E.) Dry lobelia, 5 oz.; spirit of sulphuric ether, 1 quart; by digestion for 7 days, or by percolation.——_Dose_, 6 or 8 drops to 1 fl. dr.

4. (Whitlaw’s.) From lobelia, 1 lb.; rectified spirit and spirit of nitrous ether, of each 4 pints; sulphuric ether, 4 oz.——_Dose_, &c., as the last.

TINCTURE OF LU′PULIN. _Syn._ TINCTURE OF HOPS; TINCTURA LUPULI (Ph. E.), TINCTURÆ LUPULINÆ (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. D.) Lupulin (the yellowish-brown powder attached to the scales of hops, separated by friction and sifting), 5 oz.; rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days (or proceed by displacement——Ph. E.), press, and filter.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr. See TINCTURE OF HOPS.

=Tincture of Malate of Iron.= _Syn._ TINCTURA FERRI MALATIS; TINCTURA FERRI POMATA. (Ph. G.) _Prep._ Extract of malate of iron (see EXTRACT OF APPLES), 2 oz.; spirituous cinnamon water, 18 oz. Dissolve and filter.——_Dose_, 15 to 30 minims.

=Tincture of Mastic.= _Syn._ TINCTURA MASTICHES. _Prep._ Mastic, 2 oz.; rectified spirit, 9 fl. oz. Used in making Eau de Luce. If required for stopping hollow teeth, double the quantity of mastic must be used.

=Tincture of Mat′ico.= _Syn._ TINCTURA MATICO (Ph. D.), L. _Prep._ (Ph. D.) Matico leaves, in coarse powder, 8 oz.; proof spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 14 days, and strain, with expression.——_Dose_, 1 to 2 fl. dr., as an internal astringent or hæmostatic. It is a very feeble remedy, as matico leaves are destitute of either tannin or gallic acid, and derive their power of stopping local bleeding from the peculiar mechanical construction of their surface.

=Tincture of Mea′dow Saf′fron.= Tincture of colchicum.

=Tincture of Mone′sia.= _Syn._ TINCTURA MONESIÆ, L. _Prep._ From monesia, 2-1/2 oz.; proof spirit, 1 pint; macerate a week. Astringent.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 2 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Musk.= _Syn._ TINCTURA MOSCHI, L. _Prep._ (Ph. D. 1826.) Musk, 2 dr.; rectified spirit, 16 fl. oz.; digest 7 days. Antispasmodic; but principally used as a perfume, being too weak for medical use.

=Tincture of Musk (Artificial).= _Syn._ TINCTURA MOSCHI ARTIFICIALIS. (Van Mons.) _Prep._ Artificial musk, 1 dr.; rectified spirit, 2 oz.

=Tincture of Musk Seed.= _Syn._ TINCTURA ABELMOSCHI SEMINUM. (Dr Reece.) _Prep._ Musk seed, 2 oz.; proof spirit, 16 oz. Digest seven days, and strain.——_Dose_, 1 fl. dr.

=Tincture of Myrrh.= _Syn._ GOLDEN TOOTH-DROPS; TINCTURÆ (B. P., Ph. L., E., & D.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Myrrh, in coarse powder, 1; rectified spirit, 8; macerate 48 hours with 6 of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, and when it ceases to drop, pour on the remaining spirit, wash the marc, press, and make up to 8.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 dr. More frequently used mixed with water to form a gargle.

2. (Ph. L.) Myrrh, in powder, 3 oz. (3-1/2 oz., Ph. E.; 4 oz.——Ph. D.); rectified spirit, 1 quart; macerate for 7 days (14 days,——Ph. D.; or by displacement——Ph. E.), and filter.

3. (Wholesale.) Myrrh (in coarse powder), 2-1/4 lbs.; rectified spirit, 2 galls.; water, 1 gall.; as the last.

_Obs._ Tincture of myrrh is tonic and stimulant.——_Dose_, 1/2 to 1 fl. dr., as an adjuvant in mixtures, gargles, &c. Chiefly used diluted with water, as a dentifrice or wash for ulcerated and spongy gums.

=Tincture of Myrrh (Alkaline).= _Syn._ TINCTURA MYRRHÆ ALKALIZÆ. (Ph. E. 1744.) _Prep._ Powdered myrrh, 1-1/2 oz.; solution of carbonate of potash, a sufficient quantity; mix into a soft paste, dry it, and add rectified spirit, 1 pint. Digest for 6 days, and strain.

=Tincture of Myrrh (Compound).= _Syn._ TINCTURA MYRRHÆ COMPOSITA, L. _Prep._ From myrrh and socotrine aloes, of each 2 lbs.; rectified spirit, 3 galls.; water, 2 galls.; digest for 14 days. This is frequently substituted for ‘COMPOUND TINCTURE OF ALOES’ in the wholesale trade.

=Tincture of Nux Vomi′ca.= _Syn._ TINCTURA NUCIS VOMICÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. Nux vomica, 1; rectified spirit, 10; soften the nux vomica by steam, dry rapidly, and reduce to fine powder. Macerate 48 hours in three fourths of the spirit, agitating occasionally, pack in a percolator, let it drain, pour on the remaining spirit, and when it ceases to drop, press, filter, and make up to 10.——_Dose_, 10 to 30 minims.

2. (Ph. D. 1826.) Nux vomica (ground in a coffee-mill), 2 oz.; rectified spirit, 8 fl. oz.; macerate 7 (14) days.——_Dose_, 5 to 20 drops; in paralysis, &c. It is poisonous.

=Tincture of Nux Vomica (Ethereal).= _Syn._ TINCTURA NUCIS VOMICÆ ÆTHEREA. (Ph. G.) _Prep._ Coarsely powdered nux vomica, 1 oz.; spirits of ether, 10 oz. (by weight). Macerate for 8 days.

=Tincture, Odontalgic.= _Syn._ TOOTHACHE TINCTURE; TINCTURA ODONTALGICA, L. _Prep._ 1. Tincture of opium, 1 fl. dr.; ether, 2 fl. dr.; oil of cloves, 15 drops.

2. Rectified spirit, 3 fl. dr.; chloroform, 2 dr.; creasote, 1 dr.; mix.

3. (Collier.) Pellitory of Spain, 4 dr.; camphor, 3 dr.; opium, 1 dr.; oil of cloves, 2 fl. dr.; rectified spirit, 16 fl. oz.; digest for a week.

4. (Niemann.) Digest 60 or 80 common lady-birds (_Coccinella septempunctata_——Linn.) in rectified spirit, 1 fl. oz. for 8 days, and strain.