Chapter LI: Appendix: E.--No. I

A COMPARATIVE VOCABULARY OF THE MALAYU, JAVAN, MADURESE, BALI, AND LAMPUNG LANGUAGES.

+-----------+----------------+
|ENGLISH. | MALÁYU. |
| | +
| | |
+-----------+----------------+
| | |
|God |túhan; álah' |
| | |
|Creation |ka-jádian |
|Eternity |kakálan |
| | |
|Angel |maláikat |
|Soul |jíwa; niáwa |
|Life |idup; hidop |
|Demon | |
| or ghost |hantu |
|World |dúnia |
|Heaven |súrga |
|Sky |láng'it |
|Light |cháhia |
|Star |bintang |
|Halo of | |
| the moon |pagar-búlan |
|Planet |bintang-berjálan|
|Saturn |bintang zahil |
|Jupiter |bintang mastri |
|Mars |bintang marikh |
|Venus |bintang zahára |
|Mercury |bintang átarad |
|Sun |mata-hári |
|Moon |búlan |
|A comet |bintang ber-ikur|
|The milky | |
| way |bima-sákti |
|Sunrise |terbet-máta-hári|
|North pole |bintang-utára |
|South pole |bintang-selátan |
|Equator |{gáris-sa- } |
| |{teng'ah-dúnia} |
|Ecliptic |âlan-máta-hári |
|Aries |bintáng-hamel |
|Taurus |bintáng-thur |
|Gemini |bintáng-júza |
|Cancer |bintáng-sertan |
|Leo |bintáng-ásad |
|Virgo |bintáng-sánbla |
|Libra |bintáng-mírzan |
|Scorpio |bintáng-kála |
|Sagittarius|bintáng-kos |
|Capricorn |bintáng-jádi |
|Aquarius |bintáng-dálu |
|Pisces |bintáng-hot |
|Rainbow |úlar-dánu |
|East |timur |
|South |slátan |
|West | bárat |
|North |útára |
|Earth |búmi |
|Island |púlau |
|Mountain |gúnung |
|Stone |bátu |
|Rain |újan |
|River |súngái; káli |
+-----------+----------------+

+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+
|ENGLISH. | JAVAN. |
| +------------------+---------------+------------------+
| | Jáwa. | Bása kráma. | Súnda. |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| |{yéwang wídi;} | |{hongyéwang; |
|God |{pang'éran; } |-- |{sang-yéwang; |
| |{gusti; alah } | | |
|Creation |ka-dádian |kadadósan |ka-jádian |
|Eternity |kaleng'gang'an |-- |{kakálan |
| | | |{láng-geng'an |
|Angel |maláikat |-- |mala-ékat |
|Soul |niówo; yétmo |-- |súkma; niáwa |
|Life |úrip |gesang |irup |
|Demon | | | |
| or ghost |antu |-- |antu |
|World |jágat |búwana |dúnia |
|Heaven |súwarga |súwarg'i |súrga |
|Sky |láng'it |akása |láng'it |
|Light |cháhia |-- |cháhia |
|Star |lintang |-- |benteung |
|Halo of | | | |
| the moon |kaláng'an-wúlan |kalang'an-sási |kaláng'an-búlang |
|Planet |lintang lúmáku |lintang-lúmampa|bentéung-léumpang |
|Saturn |lintang zohal |-- |bentéung-júhel |
|Jupiter |lintang mústarí |-- |bentéung-mustari |
|Mars |lintang marih |-- |bentéung-marih |
|Venus |lintang johra |-- |bentéung-júhára |
|Mercury |lintang átarad |-- |bentéung-utára |
|Sun |sreng'eng'é | súria |matápoék |
|Moon |wúlan; rembúlan | sási |búlan |
|A comet |lintang-kumúkus |-- |bentéung-buntútan |
|The milky | | |
| way |bima-sákti |-- |bima-sákti |
|Sunrise |plétek-sreng'éng'é|médal-súria |bijel-matápoék |
|North pole |lintang-útára |-- |bentéung-útára |
|South pole |lintang-slátan |-- |sela-búmi |
|Equator |{gára-s -} |-- |{gáres-} |
| |{teng'ah-jágat} |-- |{siteng'ah-jágat} |
|Ecliptic |dálan-sreng'éng'é |margi-súria |jàlan-máta poék |
|Aries |lintáng-kámel |-- |bentéung-kámel |
|Taurus |lintáng-táred |-- |bentéung-sur |
|Gemini |lintáng-jus |-- |bentéung-júja |
|Cancer |lintáng-sertan |-- |bentéung-sertan |
|Leo |lintáng-ásad |-- |bentéung-ásad |
|Virgo |lintáng-sumbúla |-- |bentéung-sanblah |
|Libra |lintáng-mízan |-- |bentéung-mérjan |
|Scorpio |lintáng-kála |-- |bentéung-kála |
|Sagittarius|lintáng-kos |-- |bentéung-kus |
|Capricorn |lintáng-júdi |-- |bentéung-jadi |
|Aquarius |lintáng-dálwi |-- |bentéung-delu |
|Pisces |lintáng-khot |-- |bentéung-hut |
|Rainbow |kúku-wung |-- |kúku-wung |
|East |wítan; timur |-- |timur |
|South |selátan |-- |perna-ang'in |
|West | bárat |-- | bárat |
|North |útára |-- |utára |
|Earth |búmi |buntála |tánéu |
|Island |púlo |núsa |núsa |
|Mountain |gúnung |rédi |gúnung |
|Stone |wátu |sela |bátu |
|Rain |údan |jáwuh |újan |
|River |kali; bang'awan |lépen |wálung'an; káli |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+

+-----------+----------------------------------------+
|ENGLISH. | MADURESE. |
| +-----------------+----------------------+
| | Madúra. | Sumenáp. |
+-----------+----------------------------------------+
| | | |
|God |pangéran |álah |
| | | |
|Creation |ka-dádian |ka-dádian |
|Eternity |kaláng-gang'an |láng-gang |
| | | |
|Angel |malaékat |mala-ékat |
|Soul |niába |niáwa |
|Life |ódi |údi |
|Demon | | |
| or ghost |anto |antu |
|World |dúnia |dúnia |
|Heaven |seárga |súar-ga |
|Sky |láng'it |láng'é |
|Light |sadja; cháhia |cháhia |
|Star |bintang |bintang |
|Halo of | | |
| the moon |-- |kalang'an-búlan |
|Planet |bintang-ájalan |bintang-ájalan |
|Saturn |bintang-jóhal |bintang súhal |
|Jupiter |bintang-mustári |bintang-mustári |
|Mars |bintang-maríh |bintang marih |
|Venus |bintang-johro |bintang-súhara |
|Mercury |bintang-ng'alárid|bintang álarad |
|Sun |ng'areh |áré |
|Moon |búlan |búlan |
|A comet |-- |bintang-abúntok |
|The milky | | |
| way |-- |preng-sadápur |
|Sunrise |kalúar-áreh |kalúar-ári; medal ári |
|North pole |bintang-útára |bintang-kelod |
|South pole |bintang-salátan |bintang-salátan |
|Equator |{gáris-sátan-} |{gáris-sátan-} |
| |{g'ah-dúnia } |{g'ah-dúnia } |
|Ecliptic |jálan-áreb |jálan-ári |
|Aries |bintang-kámel |-- |
|Taurus |bintang-tor |-- |
|Gemini |bintang-jus |-- |
|Cancer |bintang-sertan |-- |
|Leo |bintang-ásad |-- |
|Virgo |bintang-sanbla |-- |
|Libra |bintang-mérgan |-- |
|Scorpio |bintang-kála |-- |
|Sagittarius|bintang-kos |-- |
|Capricorn |bintang-júdi |-- |
|Aquarius |bintang-dálui |-- |
|Pisces |bintang-khot |-- |
|Rainbow |kóbong |andang |
|East |timur |témor |
|South |slátan |slátan |
|West |bárat |bárat |
|North |témor-dáya |utára |
|Earth |tánah; búmi |búmi; tána |
|Island |póloh |púlau; gili |
|Mountain |gúnung |gúnung |
|Stone |báto |bátu |
|Rain |újan |újan |
|River |song'ai |song'ai |
+-----------+----------------------------------------+

+-----------+----------------+-----------------+
|ENGLISH. | BÁLI. | LAMPUNG. |
| + | |
| | | |
+-----------+----------------+-----------------+
| | | |
|God |batára |alah; gusti |
| | | |
|Creation |ka-dádian |ka-jádian |
|Eternity |{kúkuán; } |ka-kálan |
| |{láng-gang} | |
|Angel |dewáta |mali-kat |
|Soul |jiwa; átma |nia-wa |
|Life |úrep |húghé |
|Demon | | |
| or ghost |mamídi; antu |hántu |
|World |marcha-páda |dún-nia |
|Heaven |úarga |sáwa-ghága |
|Sky |angkása; lang-it|lang'it |
|Light |depta; cháhia |chaháya |
|Star |bintang |bintang |
|Halo of | | |
| the moon |káng'an-búlan |kandok-búlan |
|Planet |pelálintáng'an |-- |
|Saturn |-- |-- |
|Jupiter |-- |-- |
|Mars |-- |-- |
|Venus |-- |-- |
|Mercury |-- |-- |
|Sun |mata-nai; súria |mata-gháni |
|Moon |búlan; sásih |búlan |
|A comet |bintang-kúkus |bintang-bugúndang|
|The milky | | |
| way |láwat yih-patánu|-- |
|Sunrise |handag-matánai |máta-ghánichá ka |
|North pole |-- |-- |
|South pole |bintang-kája |-- |
|Equator |{gui-tang'ah} |-- |
| |{-marcha-páda} |-- |
|Ecliptic |margan-matánai |-- |
|Aries |-- |-- |
|Taurus |-- |-- |
|Gemini |-- |-- |
|Cancer |-- |-- |
|Leo |-- |-- |
|Virgo |-- |-- |
|Libra |-- |-- |
|Scorpio |-- |-- |
|Sagittarius|-- |-- |
|Capricorn |-- |-- |
|Aquarius |-- |-- |
|Pisces |-- |-- |
|Rainbow |yang-lálah |ghóneh |
|East |témur |ka-ng'in |
|South |kája |-- |
|West |kao |-- |
|North |klod |-- |
|Earth |gúmi |búmi |
|Island |púlo |púlau |
|Mountain |gúnung |ghú-gok |
|Stone |bátu |bátu |
|Rain |hujan; sábéuh |lábong |
|River |túkad |bátang-ághi |
+-----------+----------------+-----------------+
_Memorandum._--The above Comparative Vocabulary was formed in the
following manner.--Copies of the Vocabulary, in the Malayan character,
arranged by the late Dr. Leyden, were circulated in different parts
of Java, and completed in the different languages and dialects by the
natives. After collections of these were made, several intelligent
natives were, from time to time, assembled from different parts of the
island, and also from _Báli_, _Lampung_, _Madura_, and _Sumenap_, and
the Vocabulary in each language was carefully revised in concert with
them, at the same time that it was re-copied in the native and roman
characters.

EXTRACT FROM THE DASA NAMA.[298]

1. Madia ning mangsa from ordinary thought comes knowledge of
time or season.
_j.b._ Mángsa season, time.
_j.b._ Kála time.
_k._ Dók the same.
_b._ Tak-kála the same.
_b._ Panjenáng'an the time, as applied to the reign of a
sovereign or governor, a dynasty, a rule.
_j.b._ Jáman the same.
_k._ Titika, or kútika the same.
_b._ Dáweg or dáwak present time.
_j.b._ Láji future time.
_j.b._ Waktu time.
_j.b._ Usum the season of any thing, as the paddy
season or fruit seasons, season for breed
of cattle.
_j.b._ Mangsa ren-dang season or time of rain.
_j.b._ Ka-telu (3) commencement of the rain.
_j.b._ Ka-pat (4) rains.
_j.b._ Ka-lima (5) ditto.
_j.b._ Ka-nam (6) ditto, rivers full.
_j.b._ Ka-pitu (7) heavy rains.
_j.b._ Ka-wólu (8) rains commence falling off.
_j.b._ Ka-sáng'a (9) rains nearly over.
Mangsa trang dry or clear seasons.
_b._ Kása-dása (10) commencement of dry season.
_j.b._ Dasta autumnal, or season of the falling of the
leaves.
_j.b._ Sadá season of heavy dews.
_j.b._ Kása clear, dry, and cloudless season.
_j.b._ Káro the season in which trees commence to
throw out their leaves and flowers.
2. Mangsa ren-dang the rainy season comes from the hills or
ing ardi mountains.
_k._ Parwáka mountains from which wind comes.
_k._ Gíri stupendous, abrupt mountains, which create
awe on looking on them.
_k._ Purwáta original mountains, the first or primitive
mountains.
_k._ Chála mountain.
_k._ Mandála the base or foot of a mountain.
_k._ Liwáwan, or distant mountains.
himáwan.
_b._ Ardi stupendous mountains.
_j.b._ Gúnung. mountains or hills.
_j.b._ Kendeng low ranges of hills.
_j.b._ Sengkan the acclivity of a hill.
_j.b._ Mádik the same.
_j.b._ Jujúrang the space between two hills above the
valleys.
_k._ Sárung the valley or bottom of the space between
two hills.
_j.b._ Papéreng the steep part of a hill which cannot be
ascended.
_j.b._ Héring or iring the same.
3. Ardi akátah séla the hills have many stones.
_b._ Séla stones, large stones.
_j.b._ Ka-rikil small stones, pebbles.
_j.b._ Kamlása small fine stones, gravel.
_j.b._ Wátu stones.
_k._ Mánik. a kind of hard black stone.
_j.b._ Párang a sort of stone neither hard or soft.
_k._ Redjeng the same.
_j.b._ Gamping lime stone.
_j.b._ Wádas a kind of stone.
_j.b._ Chúri a particular kind of stone, rather harder
than redjeng.
_k._ Cháni a sort of stone which when taken from
the quarry is soft and easily cut, but
afterwards becomes hard on exposure to air.