Chapter XXXIV: Interoceanic Communication (4)

Cascaras, Brigadier F., campaign of, 1827, iii. 92-3.

Casillas, Friar T., mention of, ii. 345.

Casillas, Father P., bishop of Chiap., 1550, ii. 373.

Casorla, J. R., president of Pan., 1878, iii. 543.

Castañeda, D. de, exped. of, 1548, ii. 186.

Castañeda, F. de, gov. of Nic., 1531, ii. 166-7;
misrule, ii. 167-9;
flight, etc., ii. 169.

Castañeda, Col V., vice-president of Guat., 1886, iii. 451.

Castañon, C., gov. of Chiap., iii. 38.

Castellanos, F. de, campaign of, 1530, ii. 111-13.

Castellanos, J. de, works of, ii. 60-1.

Castellanos, V., president of Hond., 1862, iii. 324-5.

Castellon, F., revolt of, 1854-5, iii. 259-61.

Castile, kingdom of, i. 10.

Castilla, Dr A. C. de, president of Guat., 1598-1609, ii. 649-51.

Castilla del Oro, (see also Panamá), name, i. 294-5;
Nicuesa's exped. to, 1509-10, i. 294-308;
maps of, i. 323; ii. 49.

Castillo, Friar B. del, adventures, etc., of, ii. 172-5.

Castillo, M. S. del, president of Salv., iii. 302.

Castillo, N. del, president of Nic., 1856, iii. 351-2.

Castro, J. A., mediation of, iii. 219-20;
minister-gen. of C. R., 1843, iii. 224.

Castro, J. M., president of C. R., 1847, iii. 228-30;
1866, iii. 377;
resignation, iii. 236.

Castro, V. de, mission to Peru, ii. 250-1.

Caxamalca, Pizarro at, ii. 21-38.

Cebaco, Cacique, dealings with Hurtado, 1516, i. 427.

Célis, D. G. de, mission to Alvarado, 1835-6, ii. 161-2;
complaints against, ii. 163-4.

Cemaco, Cacique, defeated by Enciso, 1510, i. 326-7;
by Pizarro, 1511, i. 344;
victory of, i. 352-3.

Central America, enslavement, etc., of natives in, ii. 232-9;
the new laws, 1543, ii. 240-4;
historical review of, ii. 733-5;
revolution in, 1818-21, iii. 23-41;
union with Mex., 1821-2, iii. 42-59;
confederation, iii. 60-78;
seal of, iii. 71;
constitution, iii. 75-7;
treaty with Colombia, 1825, iii. 81;
with U. S., iii. 81;
designs of Fernando VII., iii. 105-6;
Spaniards excluded from, iii. 106;
republic of, dissolved, 1837-40, iii. 127-44;
attempted unification of, 1883-5, iii. 442-9;
physical features, etc., iii. 560-5;
population, 1883-5, iii. 587-8;
colonization in, iii. 588-94;
castes, iii. 594-6;
diseases, etc., in, iii. 619-20;
education in, iii. 621-7;
church and clergy, iii. 627-37;
administr. of justice, iii. 638-45;
military affairs, iii. 645-9;
agric., iii. 650-5;
mining, iii. 655-60;
manufact., iii. 660-2;
commerce, iii. 663-7, 675;
navigation, iii. 667-8;
roads, iii. 669;
currency, iii. 669-70, 675-6;
mails, iii. 671-2;
finances, iii. 677-87;
debt, iii. 677-87;
railroads, iii. 700-2, 706-8;
telegraphs, iii. 708-9.

Cenú, treasure found at, ii. 48.

Cerda, C. de la, capitulation, etc., of, iii. 86.

Cerda, M. A. de la, jefe of Nic., 1825, iii. 173;
contest with Argüello, iii. 174;
execution, iii. 174.

Cereceda, A. de, gov. of Hond., ii. 146-7, 155-64;
imprisonment, etc., of, 1531, ii. 151-3;
counter-revolution of, ii. 154;
exped. to Naco, ii. 156-7;
dispute with Cueva, ii. 158-9;
appeal to Alvarado, ii. 160-1;
complaints of, ii. 163.

Cerna, V., president of Guat., 1865-71, iii. 413-23.

Cerrato, A. L. de, juez de residencia, ii. 183-4, 308-9;
president of the audiencia of the Confines, ii. 308-10;
administr., ii. 326-7.

Cervera, D., president of Pan., 1880-4, iii. 544-9.

Cesar, F., mention of, ii. 50-1;
exped., 1536, ii. 52;
1537-8, ii. 53-5;
death, ii. 56.

Chacon, J. M., president of Guat. constituent congress, 1824,
iii. 145.

Chacujal, Cortés at, 1525, i. 569-70.

Chagre River, Cueto at, 1510, i. 305.

Chahúl, capture of, 1530, ii. 112.

Chalchuapa, assault on, 1885, iii. 410.

Chamorro, F., suprema delegado, 1844, iii. 189, 194, 196.

Chamorro, F., director of Nic., 1853, iii. 256;
provis. president, 1854, iii. 258;
revolt against, iii. 259;
death, iii. 259-60.

Chamorro, P. J., president of Nic., 1875-9, iii. 481-2.

Chamula, capture of, 1524, ii. 221-5.

Charles V., the rebellion in Peru, ii. 265.

Chatfield, Consul, F., mediation of, requested, 1839-40, iii. 186-7;
the Mosquito, difficulty, iii. 251;
demands on Salv., iii. 297-8;
negotiations, etc., of, iii. 318-19.

Chaves, F. de, death of, ii. 41.

Chaves, H. de, battle of Xelahuh, 1524, i. 139;
exped. to Zacatepec, 1527, ii. 89;
capture of Copan, 1530, ii. 113-15.

Chaves, Capt. J. de, exped. of, 1836, ii. 164-5.

Chiapas, ancient inhabitants of, ii. 214;
conquest of, 1524-6, ii. 215-27;
settlement, etc., of, ii. 228-31;
church affairs in, ii. 229-30, 328-39, 373-5, 712-13;
maps of, ii. 331; iii. 39;
the new laws, ii. 332-3, 338;
prosperity of, ii. 669;
character of population, ii. 669-70;
govt, etc., of, ii. 670-1;
the Tzendal revolt, 1712-13, ii. 696-705;
population, 1813, iii. 36;
education, iii. 37;
industries, iii. 38;
revolution in, iii. 38-41.

Chiapas, city, coat of arms, ii. 330.

Chiapas de los Indios, founding of, 1526, iii. 227.

Chiapas, stronghold, capture of, 1524, ii. 217-20;
1526, ii. 226-7.

Chiapes, Cacique, encounter with Balboa, 1513, i. 369.

Chepo, Cacique, execution of, 1515, i. 404.

Cherino, D. de A., gov. of C. R., etc., 1573, ii. 430;
exped. of, 1575, ii. 430-1.

Chignautecs, defeat of the, 1525, i. 688-9;
submission, i. 690.

Chilapan, Cortés at, 1524, i. 542.

Chilun, captured by Tzendales, 1712, ii. 698.

Chinameca, treaty of, 1845, iii. 203-4.

Chinandega, pacto de, iii. 187-90;
convention of, iii. 187-8;
capture, etc., of, 1845, iii. 241-2.

Chiracona, Cacique, torture, etc., of, 1516, i. 429-30.

Chiriquí, revolt in, 1526, i. 509;
province of, organized, 1849, iii. 516-17.

Chiriquita, captured by freebooters, 1686, ii. 556.

Chirú, Cacique, capture of, i. 423.

Choles, attempted conversion of, 1675-88, ii. 679-80.

Choluteca, affair at, 1844, iii. 194.

Chroniclers, early, credibility of, discussed, i. 317-20.

Church, tithes, ii. 139-40;
affairs of in Hond., ii. 299-301, 641-2, 712-13;
in Chiap. ii. 328-39, 373, 712-13;
in Guat., ii. 341-8, 663-9, 710-12, 728-33;
in Vera Paz, ii. 353-4, 374-5;
in Soconusco, ii. 372;
in Nic., ii. 612-17;
religious orders suppressed, 1870-4, iii. 425-7;
history of the, iii. 627-37.

Cihuatlan, Cortés in, 1524, i. 542-3.

Cimarrones, depredations, etc., of, ii. 366-9;
Drake's exped., ii. 407-17;
Oxenham's exped., ii. 418.

Ciudad Real, founding, etc., of, 1528, ii. 229-30;
a cathedral city, 1538, ii. 329;
revolt, etc., at, 1712-13, ii. 705;
flood at, 1785, ii. 706;
revolution at, iii. 39-40.

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 1850, iii. 252.

Clergy, expatriation of, 1829, iii. 103-4;
immorality of, iii. 472-3;
privileges, etc., of, iii. 627-9, 636-7.

Climate of Cent. Amer., iii. 561-2.

Coatepeque, Carrera's repulse at, 1863, iii. 304.

Coats of arms, Chiap., ii. 330;
Guat., iii. 147;
C. R., iii. 229.

Coco, affair at, 1885, iii. 410.

Cocori, Cacique, seizure, etc., of, ii. 194-5, 197.

Code, organic, iii. 8-10.

Codro, M., forecasts Balboa's fate, i. 447-8.

Coiba, reported wealth of, i. 343-5.

Cole, B., mention of, iii. 328.

'Coleccion de Documentos Inéditos,' i. 200.

Colindres, M., mention of, iii. 339.

'Collection of Voyages and Travels,' ii. 746.

Colmenares, R. E. de, exped. to Veragua, 1510, i. 331;
relieves Nicuesa, i. 331-2;
exped. to Dabaiba, 1512, i. 351-2;
mission to Spain, 1514, i. 388.

Colombia, insurrection in, 1820, iii. 24-5;
treaty with, 1825, iii. 81;
C. R. boundary question, iii. 233-5;
Pan. annexed to, 1821, iii. 506-8;
republic of, organized, 1819, iii. 513;
severed, iii. 519.

Colon, disturbances at, 1885, iii. 551-3;
destruction of, iii. 553.

Colon, D. de, mention of, i. 174-5;
gov. of Española, 1509, i. 268;
rule, etc., i. 268-9, 273;
death, 1526, i. 274.

Colon, L., suit, etc., of, 1538-40, ii. 64.

Columbus, B., adelantado, 1494, i. 173;
character, i. 175-6.

Columbus, C., voyages of, i. 86-97, 109-11, 119-20;
theory of, i. 92-3;
biog., etc., i. 155-7;
character, i. 156-7, 171-2, 181, 232-8;
agreement with the crown, i. 157-8;
exped. of, 1492-3, i. 158-64;
1493-5, i. 168-76;
1498-1500, i. 177-82;
1502-4, i. 202-31;
charges against, i. 176;
arrest, etc., of, i. 181-2;
enslavement of natives, i. 253-5, 262, 265-6;
death, 1506, i. 231.

Columbus, F., biog., i. 203-4;
'La Historia,' i. 204.

Colunje, J., president of Pan., 1865-6, iii. 533-4.

Comagre, Cacique, Balboa's visit to, 1512, i. 347-9.

Comayagua, founding of, 1539, ii. 293-4;
capture of, 1827, iii. 162;
description of, iii. 570-1.

Commerce, of Guat., ii. 383-4;
of Pan., ii. 390-3, 587, 594;
Asiatic, ii. 391-2;
of Nic., ii. 438;
contraband, ii. 473-4;
of Cent. Amer., iii. 663-7.

Compañon, F., mention of, ii. 442-5;
at the Pearl Islands, 1517, i. 452, 467;
gov. of Natá, i. 508-9;
dispute with Córdoba, i. 586.

'Compendium of Authentic and Entertaining Voyages,' ii. 750.

Concepcion, founding, etc., of, ii. 67, 70.

Concepcion, convent, founded at Granada, 1528, ii. 184.

Concepcion, R. de la, conspiracy of, iii. 18.

'Confederacion Centro Americana,' established 1844, iii. 188-9.

Congress, Central American, installed, 1823, iii. 67-8;
measures, iii. 68-78;
parties, iii. 69-70.

Congress, federal, measures, iii. 79-85, 118-19;
dissolved, iii. 88;
reassembled, iii. 102;
last session, 1838, iii. 134.

Contreras, H. de, revolt of, 1550, ii. 274-88;
death of, ii. 287-8.

Contreras, Brigadier J. T. de, defection of, 1821, iii. 46;
revolution against, iii. 46.

Contreras, P. de, revolt of, 1550, ii. 274-88.

Contreras, R. de, gov. of Nic., ii. 169-71;
exped. to El Desaguadero, ii. 170-1, 175-6;
arrest, etc., of, ii. 177;
residencia of, ii. 178-9, 183-4;
charges against, ii. 180-2;
dispute, etc., with Gutierrez, ii. 190.

Copan, capture of, ii. 113-15.

Córdoba, F. H. de, voyage of, 1517, i. 132;
exped. to Nic., 1524, i. 512-14.

Córdoba, G. F. de, bishop of Nic., 1535, ii. 435;
of Guat., 1574, ii. 378-80.

Córdoba, H. de, defection of, i. 578-80, 584;
Pedrarias' exped. against, i. 587-9;
execution of, 1526, 589.

Cornejo, J. M., intrigues of, iii. 115-16;
rebellion, 1832, iii. 116;
defeat of, iii. 117-18;
jefe of Salv., 1829-32, iii. 167.

Coronado, A. de, gov. of Pan., 1604, ii. 464.

Coronado, F. V. de, exped. of, 1540, i. 152.

Coronado, J. V., exped. of, ii. 427-30;
gov. of C. R., 1565, ii. 430.

Corpus, affair at, 1844, iii. 310.

Corral, D. del, mission to Nicuesa, 1510, i. 331-3;
intrigues, etc., of, i. 341;
gov. of Antigua, 1522, i. 476.

Corral, Gen., negotiations of, 1855, iii. 260;
capitulation with Walker, 1855, iii. 335;
execution of, iii. 337-8.

Corregidor, jurisd., etc., of, i. 297.

Corregimientos, suppression of, 1660-1790, ii. 715-16.

Correoso, B., president of Pan., 1868-72, iii. 537-8;
1878, iii. 543;
works of, iii. 559.

Cortereal, G., voyage of, 1500, i. 114;
1501, i. 117.

Córtes, decree of, iii. 5;
memorial to, iii. 7;
proceedings, iii. 30-1.

Cortés, H., exped. of, 1519, i. 133-4;
popularity, etc., of, i. 522-3;
Olid's exped., i. 524-8;
exped. to Hond., 1524-6, i. 537-81;
rumored death of, i. 544;
machinations against, i. 572-5, 580-1;
return to Mex., i. 582;
Alvarado's exped., 1523-4, i. 627;
Pizarro's, ii. 12, 14, 40.

Cortés, Archbishop, administr. of, 1778-9, ii. 726.

Cortés y Larraz, Dr P., archbishop of Guat., 1768, ii. 730-2.

Corzo, Pilot, explorations of, ii. 246.

Cosa, J. de la, map of, i. 115-16;
friendship for Ojeda, i. 294;
death of, 1509, i. 299.

Cosigüina, volcano, eruption of, 1835, iii. 176-7.

Cosío y Campa, T. J. de, president of Guat., 1712-16, ii. 703-6;
the Tzendal campaign, 1712-13, ii. 704-5.

Costa Rica, Gutierrez exped. to, 1540-5, ii. 187-99;
maps of, ii. 188; iii. 184, 234;
Franciscans in, 1555-90, ii. 432-3;
secession, 1821, iii. 49;
union with Mex., iii. 66;
assembly, iii. 178-9, 217-18, 224-5, 228, 374, 378-86;
Nicoya incorporated with, 1825, iii. 179;
location of capital, iii. 181;
a state, iii. 183-4;
secession, 1848, iii. 208-9;
Morazan's invasion, 1842, iii. 216-17;
Alfaro's revolt, iii. 219-22;
constitution, iii. 225, 228, 374, 378, 381;
arms of, iii. 229;
a republic, iii. 230;
treaties, iii. 230;
boundary question, iii. 231-6;
Walker's exped., 1855, iii. 342-5;
1856-7, iii. 354-61;
war with Nic., 1857, iii. 362;
Mora's invasion of, iii. 387;
independence of, threatened, 1885, iii. 389-90;
difficulty with Nic., 1873-5, iii. 478-82;
extent, iii. 565-6;
polit. divisions, etc., iii. 566;
cities, iii. 566-7;
population, iii. 587-8;
colonization schemes, iii. 593;
character of population, iii. 596-7;
dwellings, iii. 597;
food, etc., iii. 597-8;
markets, iii. 598;
dress, iii. 598-9;
amusements, iii. 599;
education, iii. 622;
church affairs, iii. 634-5;
administr. of justice, iii. 643-4;
army, iii. 646;
agric., iii. 653-4;
mining, iii. 658;
revenue, etc., iii. 683-4;
debt, iii. 684-5;
railroads, iii. 708.

Council of the Indies, description of the, i. 280-2;
decree of the, 1519, ii. 237.

Coxon, Capt., commander-in-chief of pirates, 1680, ii. 527;
defection of, ii. 537-8.

Creoles, condition, etc., of the, iii. 595-6.

Crowe, F., 'The Gospel in Cent. Amer.,' iii. 709.

Cruces, pillage of, 1550, ii. 281;
captured by Drake, 1572, ii. 413-14;
Morgan at, 1671, ii. 500.

Cruz, Gen. S., rebellion of, 1867-70, iii. 414-18.

Cruz, Brigadier V., vice-president of Guat., 1845, iii. 269;
revolt of, 1848, iii. 276-7;
death, 277.

Cruz, Col V. M., revolt of, 1872, iii. 428-9.

Cuba, Columbus at, 1492, i. 162-3;
character of inhabitants, i. 165-6.

Cueva, C. de la, exped. to Hond., 1535, ii. 157-8;
dispute with Cereceda, ii. 158-9.

Cueva, F. de la, lieut.-gov. of Guat., 1541, ii. 312-13;
gov., 1542, 319.

'Curious Collection of Travels,' ii. 750.

'Curious and Entertaining Voyages,' ii. 755.

Cuzcatlan, Alvarado's occupation of, 1524, i. 675-6.

D

Dabaiba, name, i. 351;
fabled temple of, i. 351, 406-7; ii. 51;
Balboa's exped. to, 1512, i. 351-2;
other expeds., 1515, i. 406-7;
cacique, ii. 51;
sierra of, ii. 52.

Dalrymple, A., works of, ii. 754.

Dampier, Capt. W., defection of, ii. 541;
march across the Isthmus of Pan., 1681, ii. 544-8;
raid on Realejo, 1684, ii. 548;
off coast of South Amer., 1684-5, ii. 549-50;
'A New Voyage round the World,' ii. 568-9.

Dardon, J. P., campaign of, 1529, ii. 107-8.

Darien, discovered by Bastidas, 1501, i. 190-2;
maps of, i. 362, 400, 405;
mining in, iii. 659-60.

Darien River, see Atrato River.

Dávila, G. G., see Gonzalez, G.

Dávila, P., see Pedrarias.

Davis, C. H., 'Report,' iii. 709.

Davis, Capt. J., raid on Realejo, 1684, ii. 548;
off coast of South Amer., 1684-5, ii. 549-50;
out-manœuvred off Pan., ii. 551-3;
capture of Leon, ii. 554.

De Brosse, 'Histoire des Navigations,' ii. 754.

De Bry, T., works of, ii. 741-2.

Debt of Cent. Amer. states, iii. 677-87.

De Costa, B. F., 'The Pre-Columbian Discovery,' i. 70.

Delaporte, M. l'Abbé, works of, ii. 754.

De Lesseps, F. de, the Panamá canal, iii. 704-6.

Delgado, J. M., revolt of, 1811, iii. 12-13;
party leader, iii. 27;
president of congress, iii. 67.

'Derrotero de las islas Antillas,' ii. 759.

Despard, Col, exped. to Mosquitia, 1782, ii. 605-6.

Diaz, B., joins Pedrarias' exped., 1514, i. 390;
Cortés' exped. to Hond., 1525-6, i. 540, 549; ii. 78;
Marin's exped. to Chiap., 1524, ii. 215-19, 224.

Diaz, J. J., president of Pan., 1868, iii. 535-6.

Diaz, M., imposture, etc., of, 1712, ii. 701.

Diaz, President P., correspondence with Barrios, 1885, iii. 448-9.

Diaz, Father P., quarrel with Córdoba, ii. 379-80.

Diego, Father D., martyrdom of, 1623, ii. 675.

Diriangen, Cacique, meeting with Gonzalez, 1522, i. 490-1;
battle with, i. 491-2.

'Documentos para la Historia de México,' i. 201.

Domas y Valle, J., president of Guat., 1794-1801, ii. 728.

Dominguez, V., defeat, etc., of, 1832, iii. 114.

Dominicans, in Española, i. 275;
in Cuba, i. 276;
in Guat., ii. 135-7, 344-5, 666;
in Nic., ii. 168-71, 436-7, 180-2;
in Chiap., ii. 339;
rivalry with Franciscans, ii. 347-8;
provincia establd. by, etc., 1551, ii. 376-7;
missionary labors, ii. 672, 680.

Dovalle, G., exped. to Lacandon, 1559, ii. 363.

Drake, E. C., works of, ii. 751.

Drake, Admiral Sir F., early career of, ii. 404-5;
attack on Nombre de Dios, 1572, ii. 405-6;
on Cartagena, 407-9;
captures Cruces, ii. 413-14;
captures treasure-train, ii. 415;
return to England, ii. 417-18;
voyage round the world, 1577-80, ii. 418-19;
exped. of, 1585-6, ii. 419-21;
1595, ii. 422;
death, 1596, 423.

Dueñas, F., president of Salv., 1852, iii. 299, 308;
1868-71, iii. 393-6;
biog., iii. 392-3;
surrender of, iii. 396;
exile, iii. 397.

Dunlop, R. G., 'Travels in Cent. Amer.,' iii. 223.

Dururua, Cacique, defeats Gutierrez, etc., ii. 68-9.

E

Eads' ship railway, iii. 694.

Earthquakes in Guat., 1575-87, ii. 384-5;
1607-89, ii. 656;
1751, 1757, ii. 719;
1773, ii. 720-3;
at Santiago, 1830, ii. 707-8; iii. 154;
in Nic., 1835, iii. 175-6;
in Salv., 1854, iii. 300;
1873, iii. 399-400;
in Cent. Amer. 1575-1885, iii. 563-5.

Echever y Suvisa, P. A. de, president of Guat., 1724, ii. 709.

Education, in Pan., iii. 583-4;
in C. R., iii. 622;
in Nic., 622-4;
in Salv., 624;
in Hond., 624-5;
in Guat., 625-7.

El Desaguadero, exped. to, ii. 170-1, 175-6.

El Espinal, affair at, iii. 58.

El Infierno de Masaya, adventure at, 1537, ii. 172-5;
eruption of, 1670, ii. 444.

El Sauce, affair at, 1855, iii. 330.

Encinas, D. de, compilations of, i. 286-7.

Encinasola, P. de, exped. to Veragua, 1535-6, ii. 65-71.

Enciso, Bachiller M. F. de, Ojeda's exped., i. 297-8;
at Cartagena, i. 322-3;
defeats Cemaco, i. 326-7;
founds Antigua, 1510, i. 327-8;
deposed, i. 329-30, 339;
works of, i. 339-40;
denounces Balboa, i. 357, 386-7;
alguacil mayor of Antigua, 1514, i. 390.

Encomendero, system, description of, i. 262-6.

England, the Scots' colony, 1695-1700, ii. 570-9;
trading factories of, ii. 587;
reprisals, ii. 587-8;
war with, 1739-44, ii. 588-93;
treaties with Spain, 1670-1721, ii. 598-600;
1783, ii. 606;
war with Spain, 1769-80, ii. 608-11;
claims of, in Belize, ii. 629-31;
mediation of, sought, 1839-40, iii. 186-7;
claims on Nic., iii. 239-40;
protectorate over Mosquitia, iii. 244-51;
hostilities with Nic., 1848, iii. 251-2;
Clayton-Bulwer treaty, 1850, iii. 252;
Zeledon-Wyke treaty, 1860, iii. 252-3;
difficulty with Salv., iii. 297-8;
relations with Hond., iii. 317;
claims on Hond., iii. 317-19;
usurpation in Hond., iii. 319-20;
treaty with Hond., 1859, iii. 320;
difficulty with Guat., 1874, iii. 433-4;
MacGregor's exped. to Panamá, 1818-20, iii. 498-501;
difficulty with New Gran., 1836, iii. 518.

Epidemics in Guat., 1558, ii. 360;
1565, ii. 369-70;
1601, 1686, ii. 656.

Escobar, J. B., president of Guat., 1848, iii. 276-7.

Espino, Missionary F. de, labors of, 1667-8, ii. 644.

Española, Columbus at, 1492-3, i. 164-5;
1493-5, i. 169-77;
1498, i. 179;
1502, i. 203-6;
character of inhabitants, i. 165-6;
natives of, destroyed, i. 276.

Esparza, sack of, 1680, ii. 541.

Espínola, Capt., capitulation, etc., of, iii. 86.

Espinosa, Licentiate G. de, alcalde mayor of Antigua, 1514, i. 390;
exped. to the South Sea, 1516-17, i. 418-31;
atrocities of, i. 422-3, 429-30;
spoils, i. 431;
trial of Balboa, 1517, i. 457;
promotion of, i. 461;
jealousy of Pedrarias, i. 464-5;
other expeds., i. 468-9, 472, 504-5;
founds Natá, i. 505-6.

Espíritu Santo, name, i. 642.

Esquivel, A., president of C. R., 1875, iii. 384-5.

Esquivel, J. de, cruelty of, i. 260.

Estachería, Brigadier J., gov. of Nic., 1783-89, ii. 608.

Estete, M., expeds. of, i. 667-8, 611; ii. 113.

Estrada, J. M., provis. president of Nic., 1855, iii. 260;
negotiations, etc., of, iii. 260-1;
appeal to Carrera, iii. 339;
death, 1856, iii. 351.

Estrada, T. D. de, gov. of Nic., 1728, ii. 607.

Europe, condition of, 1475-1525, i. 1-5.

Exquemelin, A. O., works of, ii. 567-8.

F

Fábrega, F., gov. of Pan., 1855, iii. 526-7.

Fábrega, J. de, comandante of Pan., 1821, iii. 504, 508-9.

Fería, P. de, bishop of Chiap., 1575, ii. 373.

Fernandez, J., exped. to Peru, ii. 126-7.

Fernandez, Gen. P., president of C. R., 1882-5, iii. 388-90;
biog., iii. 388-9;
death, iii. 390.

Fernando VII., manifestoes, etc., of, iii. 20-22;
designs on Cent. Amer., iii. 105-6.

Ferrera, F., president of Hond., 1841, iii. 309;
biog., iii. 309.

Figueredo y Victoria, Dr F. J. de, archbishop of Guat., 1753-65,
ii. 728-30;
death, ii. 730.

Figueroa, P. P. de, bishop of Guat., 1736, ii. 711-12;
consecration, ii. 711;
biog., ii. 711;
archbishop, 1745, ii. 712;
death, 1751, ii. 712.

Figueroa y Silva, A. de, exped. to Belize, ii. 624-8.

Figueroa, Gen. F., acting president of Salv., 1876, iii. 411.

Filisola, Brigadier V., exped. of, 1822, iii. 56-7;
operations against San Salv., iii. 62-4.

Findlay, A. G., works of, ii. 759.

Fine, O., map of, 1531, i. 149.

Fitoria, B. G., gov. of Nic., 1730, ii. 607.

Flores, C., vice-jefe of Guat., 1824, iii. 146;
jefe, iii. 148;
administr., iii. 148-9.

Flores, H. C., bishop of Hond., 1854, iii. 631.

Flores, J., gov. of C. R., ii. 622.

Florida, missionary exped. to, 1549, ii. 355-6.

Fonseca, C., defence of Leon, 1844, iii. 199.

Fonseca, J. R. de, patriarch of the Indies, i. 168.

Forster, J. R., works of, ii. 752-3.

Franciscans, in Española, i. 275;
in Guat., 1535, ii. 345-8;
rivalry with Dominicans, ii. 347-8;
in C. R., 1555-70, ii. 432-3;
in Itza, ii. 673-6.

Francos y Monroy, C., archbishop of Guat., 1779, ii. 726, 732.

Frederick, G., biog., etc., iii. 245-7.

Frederick, R. C., mention of, iii. 248.

Fröbel, J., 'Aus Amerika,' iii. 709.

Fuensalida, Friar B., mission to Itza, 1618, ii. 673-5.

Fuentes y Guzman, F. A. de, works, etc., of, ii. 86, 736-7.

G

Gainza, Brigadier G., command, etc., of, iii. 25-6;
measures, iii. 32-6;
capt.-gen., 1821, iii. 44;
manifesto of, iii. 54-5;
edict, iii. 55.

Gaitan, J., revolt of, 1554, ii. 424-5;
execution, ii. 425.

Galarza, D., revolt of, 1812, iii. 14.

Galdo, A., bishop of Hond., 1613-45, ii. 641-2.

Galeaza, picture of, i. 188.

Galindo, V. O., president of Pan., iii. 534-5.

Gallegos, J. R., jefe of C. R., 1833, iii. 181;
1845, iii. 227.

Galleon, picture of, i. 188.

Galley, picture of, i. 188.

Galvano, A., works, etc., of, ii. 738-9.

Galvez, Don M. de, exped. to Mosquitia, 1782, ii. 604-5;
capture of San Fernando de Omoa, 1779, ii. 647;
president of Guat., 1778-83, ii. 725-8.

Galvez, M., Cornejo's revolt, 1831-2, iii. 116-17;
deposed, 1838, iii. 128-31;
jefe of Guat., 1831, iii. 155-6.

Gama, A. de la, gov. of Castilla del Oro, ii. 45-6.

Gamez, P. de, captures Quema, 1516, i. 426.

Garabito, A., exped. to Cuba, 1516, i. 434, 437;
treachery of, i. 449-50.

Garabito, Cacique, exped. against, ii. 427-8.

Garay, F. de, expeds. of, i. 134, 140, 625.

García, L., campaign of, ii. 580-1.

García, Father W. P. M., 'Sublevacion de los Zendales,' MS.,
ii. 705-6.

Garro, P. de, exped. of, 1525, i. 578.

Gasca, P. de la, character, etc., ii. 265-6;
power intrusted to, ii. 266;
reception at the Isthmus, 1546, ii. 266-9;
negotiations with Mejía, ii. 267;
with Hinojosa, ii. 269-70;
despatches, etc., of, ii. 270-2;
exped. to Peru, ii. 272-3;
the Contreras revolt, 1550, ii. 278-83.

Gazistas, party, iii. 26-7.

Geography, ancient, i. 70-4.

Germany, difficulty with Nic., 1876, iii. 256.

'Gobierno político de Guatemala,' iii. 28-9.

Godoy, D. de, exped. to Chiap., 1524, ii. 216, 221.

Goitia, P., president of Pan., 1863, iii. 532-3.

Golfo Dulce, name, i. 190;
Bastidas at, 1501, i. 190;
Pedrarias at, 1522, i. 484-5.

Gomara, F. L. de, biog., i. 314;
works of, 315-16.

Gomera, Conde de la, president of Guat., 1611-26, ii. 651-2.

Gomez, C., acting president of Hond., 1876, iii. 463.

Gomez, E., exped. of, 1525, i. 142.

Gomez, Licentiate I., mission of, 1848, iii. 296.

Gonzalez, G., voyage of, 1522, i. 139-40;
contador of Española, 1511, i. 267;
character of, i. 479;
dispute with Pedrarias, i. 481-3;
exped. of, 1522-3, i. 483-94;
escape to Santo Domingo, i. 516;
exped. to Hond., 1524, i. 518;
encounter with Soto, i. 519-20;
meeting with Olid, i. 527-8;
Olid's assassination, i. 531-3.

Gonzalez, Padre P., mention of, ii. 328.

Gonzalez, Gen. S., acting president of C. R., 1873, iii. 383;
victory at Santa Ana, 1871, iii. 395-6;
president of Salv., 1872-5, iii. 396-401;
war with Guat., iii. 401-6.

Goodrich, F. B., 'Man upon the Sea,' ii. 757.

Gottfriedt, J. L., works of, ii. 742.

Gracias á Dios, founding of, 1536, ii. 165;
audiencia of the Confines at, 1545, ii. 301.

Gracias á Dios, cape, rounded by Columbus, 1502, i. 211.

Granada, founding of, 1524, i. 527;
the Contreras revolt, 1550, ii. 275-8;
description of, ii. 438-41;
captured by pirates, 1665, ii. 441;
1686, ii. 557-9;
revolt at, 1811, iii. 14;
junta at, iii. 48, 170;
besieged by Jerez, 1854-5, iii. 259;
captured by Walker, 1855, iii. 332;
Zavala's assault, 1856, iii. 353-4;
recapture of, iii. 356-7.

Granados, M. G., opposition to Guat. ministry, 1869; iii. 416-17;
exile, iii. 419;
revolution of, 1871, iii. 419-24;
president of Guat. 1871-3, iii. 423-30.

Granda y Balbin, L. A. de, exped. to Talamanca, ii. 618-19.

Green, I., works of, ii. 747.

Greenland, sighted by Gunnbjörn, 876, i. 75-6;
named by Eric the Red, i. 76.

Grijalva, J. de, map of, 1518, i. 132;
death, 1526, i. 591;
character, i. 591-2.

Grogniet, Capt., joins Davis' freebooters, 1685, ii. 550;
capture of Pueblo Viejo, ii. 556;
of Chiriquita, 1686, ii. 556;
defeat at Pueblo Nuevo, ii. 557;
capture of Granada, ii. 557-9;
journey to the North Sea, ii. 563-6.

Grynævs, 'Novvs Orbis,' i. 148-9.

Guadalupe, affair at, 1827, iii. 91.

Gualcince, Salvadoran's surrender at, 1823, iii. 64.

Guanacaste, disturbance at, 1875, iii. 383-4.

Guarda Viejo, convention at, 1838, iii. 128-9.

Guardia, S. de la, gov. of Pan., 1860, iii. 528-30;
death, iii. 530.

Guardia, T., president of C. R., 1870-6, iii. 380-4;
1877-82, iii. 386-8;
death, 1882, iii. 388.

Guardiola, Gen. S., operations, etc., 1845, iii. 200, 202, 205-6;
victory of, 1844, iii. 310;
honors paid to, iii. 311;
pronunciamiento of, iii. 313;
president of Hond., iii. 322-3;
character, iii. 323;
defeat at El Sauce, 1855, iii. 330;
at La Vírgen, iii. 331.

Guatemala, Alvarado's conquest of, 1522-4, i. 617-62;
maps of, ii. 91, 320; iii. 191;
slavery in, ii. 234-6;
the new laws, ii. 323-5;
church affairs in, 1541-8, ii. 341-8;
1601-82, ii. 663-9;
1753-1886, ii. 728-33; iii. 630-1;
epidemics in, 1558, ii. 360;
1565, ii. 369-70;
1601, 1686, ii. 656;
mining, ii. 383; iii. 656-7;
commerce, ii. 383-4;
earthquakes, etc., in, 1575-87, ii. 384-5;
1607-89, ii. 656;
1830, iii. 154;
prosperity of, 1650-1700, ii. 653-4;
terr., 1750, ii. 713-14;
provinces subject to, ii. 714;
army, ii. 727-8; iii. 648-9;
society, iii. 1-2;
loyalty of, iii. 2-3;
capitán general, iii. 20-1;
archbishops of, iii. 29-30;
union with Mex., iii. 50-1;
war with Salv., 1827-9, iii. 90-100;
assembly, iii. 101-4, 145-8, 207, 273-6, 281-2, 416-17, 438-41;
rebellion in, 1837, iii. 128-9;
state govt dissolved, 1838, iii. 134;
arms of, iii. 149, 269-70;
medal, iii. 151;
an independent state, 1839, iii. 160-1;
Malespin's invasion of, 1844, iii. 191-3;
secession of, 1847-8, ii. 207-8;
council convoked, iii. 267;
independence recognized, iii. 270;
foreign relations, iii. 270-1;
revolutions in, 1847-8, iii. 271-3;
1871, iii. 419-24;
war with Salv. and Nic., 1850-3, iii. 279-80;
with Hond., 1850-6, iii. 279-81;
1871-2, iii. 398-9;
1872-6, iii. 428, 457-62;
with Salv., 1876, iii. 401-5;
1885, iii. 409-10;
constitution, iii. 281-2, 438-9;
Walker's exped., 1856-7, iii. 350-61;
revolts in, 1867-70, iii. 414-18;
1872, iii. 428-9;
suppression of religious orders, 1871-4, 425-7;
difficulty with England, 1874, iii. 433-4;
with Spain, 1875, iii. 434;
attempted unification of Cent. Amer., 1883-5, iii. 442-9;
boundaries, iii. 574;
departments, iii. 574;
govt, iii. 574-5;
population, 1883-5, iii. 588;
1885, iii. 613;
colonization in, 589-91;
classes, etc., iii. 613-16;
dwellings, iii. 616-17;
dress, iii. 617-18;
amusements, iii. 618;
education, iii. 625-7;
administr. of justice, iii. 638-40;
agric., iii. 650-1;
manufact., iii. 661;
currency, iii. 670;
revenue, etc., iii. 677-80;
debt, iii. 678-80;
railroads, iii. 706-7.

Guatemala City (see also Santiago City), description of, 1773,
ii. 717-18;
1886, iii. 575-7;
earthquakes in, 1751, 1757, ii. 719;
1773, ii. 720-3;
site of, removed, ii. 723-6;
occupation of, by Salvadorans, iii. 74;
captured by Morazan, 1829, iii. 99-100;
by Carrera, 1838, iii. 130-2;
recaptured by Morazan, iii. 141;
outbreak at, 1844, iii. 266;
revolt at, 1845, iii. 268;
plot at, 1877, iii. 437.

Guatusos, attempted pacification of the, ii. 613-17.

Guerra, C., voyage of, 1499, i. 186.

Guerrero, J., director of Nic., 1847, iii. 244.

Guill, A., gov. of Pan., 1758, ii. 584.

Gutierrez, D., exped. to C. R., 1540-5, ii. 189-99.

Gutierrez, F., exped. to Veragua, 1535-6, ii. 65-73.

Gutierrez, J., capture, etc., of, ii. 50-1.

Gutierrez, M. P., quells revolt, 1812, iii. 15.

Gutierrez, P., the Tzendal campaign, 1712, ii. 701-3.

Guzman, Gen. A., operations, 1849, iii. 277-8.

Guzman, A. T. de, exped. to Pan., 1515, i. 403-6;
outrages of, i. 404.

Guzman, F., president of Nic., 1867-71, iii. 369, 470-5.

Guzman, J. de, proposed exped. of, ii. 256;
joins Hinojosa, 1545, ii. 260-1;
president of Guat., ii. 652.

Guzman, J. E., vice-president of Salv., 1844, iii. 195;
administr., iii. 201-4;
biog., iii. 202.

Guzman, J. E. de, capt.-gen. of Chiap., 1529, ii. 230-1.

Guzman, J. J., president of Salv., iii. 287.

Guzman, Don J. P. de, gov. of Pan., ii. 493;
forces, etc., of, 503-5;
defeated by Morgan, 1671, ii. 504-6.

Guzman, N. de, exped. of, 1530-1, i. 145-6.

Guzman, R., defeat, etc., of, 1832, iii. 113-14.

H

Hacha, Rio, Bradley's foray on the, 1670, ii. 491.

Hacke, Capt. W., 'A Collection of Original Voyages,' ii. 569.

Hakluyt, R., works, etc., of, ii. 739-41.

Haro, F. de, battle of Panamá, 1671, ii. 505.

Harris, J., works of, ii. 744-5.

Harris, Capt. P., raids off coast of South Amer., 1684-5, ii. 549-50.

Hayti, see Española.

Henderson, G., 'British Honduras,' iii. 247.

Henningsen's operations under Walker, 1856, iii. 355-7.

Heredia, A., exped. of, ii. 49-50.

Heredia, A. F. de, gov. of Nic., ii. 607-8.

Heredia, P. de, province of, ii. 46-7;
expeds., ii. 47-8, 52-3.

Hermosillo, J. G. de, rept of, 1856, ii. 397-8.

Hernandez, Gen., defeats Pineda, 1855, iii. 332.

Herrera, A. de, biog., i. 316;
works of, 316-17.

Herrera, D., jefe of Hond., 1824, iii. 161-2;
of Nic., 1830, iii. 174-6.

Herrera, Oidor, juez de residencia, ii. 179;
opposition to Contreras, ii. 182.

Herrera, Col T., defeats Alzuru, 1831, iii. 514;
jefe, etc., of Pan., 1840, iii. 515;
gov., iii. 516.

Herrera, V., president of C. R., 1875-7, iii. 385-6.

Herrera, V. de, gov, of Hond., ii. 144-5;
stratagem of, ii. 147;
exped., 1531, ii. 149-50;
plot against, ii. 150-1;
assassination of, ii. 151.

Herrera, V. de, regent of audiencias, 1778, ii. 715.

Hinojosa, Friar A. de, bishop of Guat., ii. 380.

Hinojosa, P. de, conquest of Pan., 1545, ii. 255-61;
defeats Verdugo, ii. 263-4;
negotiations with Gasca, ii. 269-70;
defection of, ii. 271-2.

Hinostrosa, Capt. D. M. de, arrest, etc., of, ii. 144-5.

'Historia de la Marina Real Española,' ii. 757.

'Historical Account of the Circumnavigation of the Globe,' ii. 752.

Hodgson, Col R., mission of, ii. 601-2.

Holguin, G., exped. to Peru, ii. 125-7.

Hollins, Commander, bombards San Juan del Norte, 1854, iii. 255.

Honduras, maps of, i. 518; ii. 148; iii. 110, 205;
colonization, etc., in, 1524-5, i. 522-36;
Cortés' exped. to, 1524-6, i. 537-81;
Alvarado's, 1535-6, ii. 160-5;
1539, ii. 296-9;
slavery in, ii. 233-4, 302;
roads, ii. 293-4;
settlements, 1547, ii. 294, 637-40;
mining, ii. 295;
church affairs, ii. 299-301, 641-2, 712-13; iii. 361;
the new laws, ii. 301-7;
piratical raids, 1576-95, ii. 636-9, 645;
Gage's description of, 1636, ii. 639-40;
annexation to Mex., 1821, iii. 46;
revolutions in, 1829-30, iii. 109-11;
1844, iii. 310;
assembly, iii. 161-2, 309-10;
disturbances in, iii. 162-3;
independence declared, 1838, iii. 164;
war with Nic., 1844, iii. 194-200;
with Salv., iii. 202-6, 393-9, 455-8;
union with Salv. and Nic., iii. 209-11;
war with Guat., 1850-6, iii. 279-81;
1872-6, iii. 398-9, 428, 457-62;
relations with Gt Britain, iii. 317;
British claims on, iii. 317-19;
British usurpation in, iii. 319-20;
treaty with Gt Britain, 1859, iii. 320;
Walker's exped., 1856-7, iii. 350-64;
boundaries, iii. 570;
departments, etc., iii. 570;
cities, iii. 570-1;
population, 1883, iii. 588;
immigration, iii. 591;
races, iii. 608-10;
women of, iii. 610-11;
dwellings, iii. 611;
food, etc., iii. 611-12;
dress, iii. 612;
amusements, iii. 612;
education, iii. 624-5;
administr. of justice, iii. 640-1;
army, iii. 647;
agric., iii. 651-2;
mining, iii. 655-6;
manufact., iii. 661;
currency, iii. 670;
revenue, iii. 680;
debt, iii. 680-1;
railroads, iii. 707.

Hore, A. de, gov. of Pan., 1815, iii. 497;
oppression of, iii. 497-8;
recaptures Portobello, 1819, iii. 500-1;
death, 1820, iii. 502.

Huascar, defeat of, 1532, ii. 19;
death, ii. 34.

Huistlan, besieged by Tzendales, 1712, ii. 702.

Humboldt, A. von, works of, i. 69.

Hurtado, B., exped. to Dabaiba, 1512, i. 352-3;
arrest, etc., of, i. 354-5;
atrocities of, i. 401, 417;
exploration of, 1516, i. 426-8;
exped. to Olancho, 1526, i. 589-91;
death, i. 591.

Hylacomylus, 'Cosmographiæ Introdvctio,' i. 123.

I

Ibañez, Col P., gov. of Nic., 1759, ii. 607.

Icazbalceta, collection of, i. 201.

Iguala, plan of, accepted in Hond., iii. 46;
in Nic., iii. 47-8.

Illanes, J. de, proposed exped. of, ii. 256;
joins Hinojosa, 1545, ii. 260-1.

Illustrations, caravel, i. 187;
galley, i. 188;
galeaza, i. 188;
galleon, i. 188;
navío, i. 189;
brigantine, i. 189.

Indians, treatment of, i. 253-66; ii. 232-9;
of Hond., iii. 608-10;
of Guat., iii. 615-16.

Infante, Father H., mission of, 1646-7, ii. 677-8.

Inquisition, in Spain, i. 32.

Interoceanic communication, projects, etc., for, 1534, ii. 246-7;
1539, ii. 293;
1616, ii. 471-2;
1801-87, iii. 688-709.

Interoceanic road, project for, 1514, i. 396-7;
termini, i. 465;
completed, 1519, i. 471-2.

Irving, W., works of, i. 69, 200, 239-43.

Isabela, founding of, 1493, i. 169.

Isla de Pinos, visited by Columbus, 1502, i. 207-10;
Drake at, 1572, ii. 405-7.

Isla Rica, named by Balboa, 1513, i. 377;
cacique of, 408-10.

Iturbide, A., designs of, iii. 51;
instructions to Filisola, iii. 62;
downfall of, iii. 65.

Itzas, attempted conversion of the, ii. 673-6;
attempted subjugation, ii. 682-95.

Itzcuintlan, Alvarado's conquest of, 1524, i. 663-5.

Izaguirre, B. de, bishop of Pan., 1655, ii. 479.

Izalco, Indian outbreak at, 1875, iii. 400.

Izancanac, Cortés at, 1524, i. 557.

Irazu, Volcano, eruption of, 1723, ii. 620.

Iztapa, Guat., ship-building at, 1539, ii. 205.

Iztapa, Chiap., battle at, 1524, ii. 216.

Iztapan, Cortés at, 1524, i. 543.

J

Jocote, convention of, 1842, iii. 216-17.

Jalisco, insurrection in, 1541. ii. 206-7.

Jamaica, coasted by Columbus, 1494, i. 171.

Jaraguá, Bastidas shipwrecked at, 1501, i. 192.

Jerez, M., pronunciamiento of, 1869, iii. 472.

Jerez, Bishop N. G., revolt at Leon, 1812, iii. 14.

Jeronimites, mission of the, 1515-18, i. 277-80.

Jesuits, in Nic., 1616-21, ii. 442-3;
in Talamanca, 1684, ii. 447;
expulsion of the, 1767, ii. 730-1;
1871, iii. 425-6;
1881, iii. 476, 484-5;
1884, iii. 389;
revolts caused by, 1881, iii. 476, 484-5.

Jews, mediæval brutality toward, i. 27-9.

Jimenez, J., president of C. R., 1863, iii. 377;
1868, iii. 378-9;
arrest, etc., of, 379-80.

Jocoro, convention of, 1845, iii. 203.

Juan de Dios, order of, in Pan., ii. 477-8.

Juarros, D., works of, ii. 142, 737.

Junta, suprema central gubernativa, iii. 4;
suprema de censura, iii. 26;
consultiva, iii. 35-6, 42-5, 50, 52, 57.

Justice, administr., etc., of, in Cent. Amer., iii. 638-45.

Jutiapa, Malespin's forces at, 1844, iii. 191-2.

K

Kunstmann, 'Munich Atlas,' i. 69-70.

Kerr, R., works of, ii. 756.

Kinney, J. L., exped of, iii. 327-8.

Kohl, J. G., works of, i. 69.

L

La Antigua, revolt in, 1828, iii. 96;
assembly installed at, 1824, iii. 145;
affair at, iii. 420.

La Concepcion, convent, establd. in Guat., 1546-8, ii. 343-4.

La Gloria, S. G. de, imposture, etc., of, 1712, ii. 699-700.

La Harpe, works of, ii. 748-9.

La Navidad, fortress of, built, 1492, i. 164;
abandoned, 169.

La Union, blockade of, 1849, iii. 297-8.

La Vírgen, affair at, 1855, iii. 331.

Lacandones, depredations, etc., of, ii. 361-2;
exped. against, 1559, ii. 362-6;
independence, etc., of, iii. 615-16.

Ladinos, condition, etc., of the, iii. 594.

Lafond, G., works of, ii. 755.

Lagares, P. de, labors of, in Tologalpa, ii. 450.

Lamilla, Father A. de, bishop of Guat., ii. 378.

Landa, Capt., cruelty of, ii. 282;
execution of, 1550, 287.

Landecho, J. M. de, gov., etc., of Guat., ii. 366-9.

Lara, Friar D. de, bishop of Chiap., 1574, ii. 373.

Lara, J. C. de, gov. of Nic., ii. 607.

Lara, Father S. de, priest of Cancuc, 1712, ii. 697.

Lara y Mogrobejo, A. de, president of Guat., 1649-54, ii. 653.

Lardner, D., 'Cabinet Cyclopædia,' iii. 709.

Las Casas, B. de, character of, i. 274-5;
labors in Cuba, i. 276;
protector of the Indians, i. 277;
efforts in Spain, i. 279-84;
works of, i. 309-10;
dispute with Quevedo, i. 462-3;
mission to Peru, etc., ii. 136-7;
arrival in Nic., etc., 1532, ii. 169;
opposition to Contreras, ii. 170-1;
the new laws, ii. 239-40;
dispute with the audiencia of the Confines, 1545, ii. 303-7;
bishop of Chiap., 1543, ii. 330-1;
administr., ii. 332-5;
retirement, etc., ii. 335-6;
works of, ii. 336;
pacification of Vera Paz, ii. 348-54;
death, 337;
character, 337-8.

Las Charcas, federal defeat at, 1829, iii. 97.

Lawrie, Col, supt. of Mosquitia, ii. 603-4.

Leiva, P., provis. president of Hond., 1873-6, iii. 460-2.

Lempira, Cacique, valor of, ii. 290-1;
stronghold of, captured, 1537, ii. 291-2;
death, ii. 291-2.

Leon, founding of, 1527, i. 513;
butchery of natives at, 1528, i. 610;
convent founded at, 1532, ii. 168-9;
the Contreras revolt, 1550, ii. 275-6;
Gaitan's defeat at, 1554, ii. 425;
new city of, ii. 439-40;
captured by freebooters, 1685, ii. 553-5;
cathedral of, 1743, ii. 613;
revolts, etc., at, 1811-12, iii. 14-16;
junta gubernativa at, 1823, iii. 170-1;
sack of, 1824, iii. 171;
siege of, 1824-5, iii. 171-2;
1844, iii. 197-200;
revolts at, 1845, iii. 241;
1853-4, iii. 258-9;
1869, iii. 471-3;
1881, iii. 484-5;
seat of govt at, 1847, iii. 244;
description of, iii. 568-9.

Lepe, D. de, voyage of, 1499, i. 113, 186.

Lévy, P., 'Notas,' iii. 255.

Liaño, Pilot, exped. to Veragua, 1535-6, ii. 66.

Liberals, Guat., party, iii. 69-70;
attitude of, iii. 85-7;
operations of, 1826-7, iii. 148-50;
prosecution of, iii. 151;
division among, iii. 275.

Lindo, J., jefe of Salv., 1841, iii. 286;
coup d'état, iii. 286;
president of Hond., 1847-51, iii. 311-21.

Literature, of C. R., iii. 622;
of Nic., iii. 623;
of Salv., iii. 624;
of Guat., iii. 627.

Llamas y Rivas, Dr F. J. de, gov. of Pan., ii. 583.

Llano, Capt. A. del, deputy to córtes, iii. 5.

Llano, Col M. del, deputy to córtes, iii. 5.

Loarca, A. L. de, storming of Mixco, 1525, i. 690-2.

L'Olonnois, F., character, etc., of, ii. 456-7;
atrocities, 457-8;
expeds., ii. 458-60;
death, 460.

Lopez, Father T., explorations, etc., of, 1778, 1782, ii. 614-16.

Lorca y Villena Vivas, M. V. de, gov. of Nic., 1757, ii. 607.

Lorenzana, Marqués de, president of Guat., ii. 652-3.

Los Altos, state organized, 1838, iii. 156-7;
assembly, iii. 157;
maps of, iii. 157, 275;
incorporated with Guat., 1840, iii. 158.

Los Santos, surprised by freebooters, 1686, ii. 561;
revolution at, iii. 505-7.

Loyola, P. de, gov. of Nic., ii. 607.

Luque, Padre, Pizarro's conquest, ii. 3, 8, 12, 14, 36.

M

M'Donald, A., usurpation of, in Yuc., iii. 315.

Macdonald, regent of Mosquitia, iii. 248;
arrest of Quijano, 1841, iii. 249-51.

MacGregor, G., exped. of, 1818-19, iii. 498-501.

McClure, R. Le M., discoveries of, iii. 689-91.

Madriz, Licentiate, disturbances incited by, 1699-1701, ii. 662.

Magellan, F. de, voyage of, 1519, i. 134-6.

Mail service, of Cent. Amer., iii. 671-2.

Maiollo, map of, i. 136.

Major, R. H., 'Life of Prince Henry of Portugal,' i. 70.

Malacatan, capture of, 1525, i. 697-9.

Maldonado, A., alcalde mayor of Española, i. 250.

Maldonado, A., compilation of, i. 286.

Maldonado, A. de, visitador, 1535, ii. 131;
juez de residencia, ii. 132;
president of the audiencia of the Confines, ii. 301;
dispute with Las Casas, 1545, ii. 304-7;
residencia of, ii. 308-9;
provis. gov. of Guat., 1542, ii. 323;
exped. to Talamanca, 1660, ii. 446.

Malespin, president of Salv., iii. 190;
defence of Salv., 1844, iii. 190-1;
invasion of Guat., iii. 191-3;
of Nic., iii. 194-5;
capture of Leon, iii. 197-200;
dispute with Guzman, iii. 202-3.

Malespin, Col F., revolution of, 1842, iii. 289;
president of Salv., iii. 290;
defeat of, iii. 293-4;
death of, iii. 294.

Malinche, see Cortés, H.

Mames, Alvarado's conquest of the, 1525, i. 695-702.

Managua, revolt at, 1833-4, iii. 175-6;
1845, iii. 240-1;
seat of govt at, 1845, iii. 241;
cholera at, 1855, iii. 330;
description of, iii. 568.

Manches, Christianization, etc., of, ii. 672-3.

Mañosca y Murillo, J. de, president of Guat., 1670, ii. 659;
bishop of Guat., 1668-75, ii. 668.

Mansvelt, buccaneer, raids, etc., of, ii. 460-3.

Manufactures, of Cent. Amer., iii. 660-2.

Maps, the world, i. 73;
Zeno's chart, 1390, i. 82;
Behaim's globe, 1492, i. 93;
Cosa's map, 1500, i. 115;
Ruysch's, 1508, i. 126;
Peter Martyr's, 1511, i. 127;
Ptolemy's, 1513, i. 130;
in Munich Atlas, 1518, i. 133;
Schöner's globe, 1520, i. 137;
Bordone's, 1528, i. 144;
Ribero's, 1529, i. 146;
the New World, 1530, i. 147;
Ruscelli's, 1544, i. 148;
Fine's, 1531, i. 149;
Castillo's, 1541, i. 153;
manuscript, 1532-40, i. 154;
Castilla del Oro, i. 323; ii. 49;
Darien, i. 362, 400, 405, 416, 427;
Nic., i. 513; ii. 175; iii. 258;
Hond., i. 518; ii. 148; iii. 110, 205, 198;
Quiché and Cackchiquel, i. 629;
Peru, ii. 9;
Alvarado's march, ii. 82;
Guat., ii. 91, 320; iii. 191;
C. R., ii. 188; iii. 184, 234;
Chiap., ii. 331; iii. 39;
Lacandon war, ii. 363;
Mosquitia, ii. 603; iii. 246;
Belize, ii. 627;
defeat of Padilla, iii. 58;
Los Altos, iii. 157, 275;
Salv., iii. 191, 205;
Walker's exped., iii. 343;
interoceanic communication, iii. 692.

Maracaibo, plundered by Morgan, ii. 490-1.

Marchena, Treasurer R. de, mention of, ii. 280-1.

Marin, E., acting jefe of Salv., 1842, iii. 286-7.

Marin, Gen. E., execution of, 1877, iii. 464.

Marin, Capt. L., character of, ii. 215;
exped. to Chiap., 1524, 215-25.

Marquez, D., contador at Antigua, 1514, i. 390.

Marquez, G., acting jefe of Guat., 1830, iii. 154-5.

Marroquin, F., biog., etc., ii. 134;
bishop of Guat., 1533, ii. 135;
administr., ii. 135-40;
Alvarado's executor, etc., ii. 207-9;
dispute with Las Casas, ii. 303-6, 343;
gov. of Guat., 1542, ii. 319;
Indian policy, ii. 325-6;
poverty of, ii. 342-3;
convent, etc., founded by, ii. 343-4;
death of, 1563, ii. 375.

Martin, A., first Spaniard to sail on South Sea, 1513, i. 369-70.

Martinez, B., bishop of Pan., 1583, ii. 475.

Martinez, Friar C., bishop of Pan., 1625, i. 478.

Martinez, J. A., president of Guat., 1848, iii. 274.

Martinez, Gen. T., operations of, 1855, iii. 261;
1856-7, iii. 352, 356, 360;
member of junta, 1857, iii. 365;
president of Nic., 1857-67, iii. 365-9;
biog., iii. 366;
death, iii. 370.

Martyr, P., map of, 1511, i. 127-8;
biog., i. 312;
works of, i. 312-14.

Marure, M. A., works of, iii. 17-18;
imprisonment of, iii. 19-20.

Masaya, revolt at, 1812, iii. 15;
Walker's attack on, 1856, iii. 353;
destruction of, 1856, iii. 355-6.

Mata, Brigadier J. A. de la, gov. of Pan., 1805, iii. 489.

Matagalpa, insurrection in, 1881, iii. 484.

Mayorga, M. de, president of Guat., 1773-8, ii. 717-25.

Mazariegos, D. de, conquest of Chiap., 1526, ii. 226-7;
meeting with Puertocarrero, ii. 227-8;
administr. of, ii. 229-30;
residencia of, ii. 230.

Mazariegos, M. R., exped. of, 1695, ii. 682-5.

Mazatecs, submission of the, 1524, i. 557-8.

Mazatenango, capture of, 1525, i. 696-7.

Medina, Alcalde, in charge at Trujillo, 1525, i. 535.

Medina, F. de, mention of, ii. 220-1.

Medina, J. M., president of Hond., 1836-72, iii. 453-8;
revolt of, iii. 461-3;
execution, 1878, iii. 464;
biog., iii. 464-5.

Medrano y Solórzano, E., exped. of, 1699, ii. 695.

Mejía, G., prosecution of Alvarado, ii. 100.

Mejía, H., surprised by Verdugo, ii. 263;
defection, etc., of, 1546, ii. 267-8, 271.

Mejicanos, Arce's defeat at, 1823, iii. 64;
surrender of, iii. 95.

Melendez, Gov. P., defence of Portobello, 1602, ii. 467.

'Memorias,' iii. 107.

Mencos, M., exped. of, 1699, ii. 694-5.

Mencos, M. C. de, president of Guat., 1657-67, ii. 657-8.

Mendavia, Dean P. de, disturbance caused by, ii. 177-8.

Mendez, D., in Verag., 1503, i. 222-4;
plot of, ii. 150-3;
execution of, ii. 154.

Menendez, Gen. F., revolution of, 1885, iii. 411.

Mendez, H., procurator to Spain, etc., 1545, ii. 323-4.

Mendez, M., murder of, 1872, iii. 399.

Mendinueta y Muzquiz, P. de, viceroy of New Granada, 1801, iii. 489.

Mendoza, H. de, exped. of, 1532, i. 148.

Meneses, Capt., joins Pedrarias' exped., 1514, i. 390;
garrison of, besieged, i. 402, 404.

Mercado, J. N. de, assassination of Olid, i. 531-3.

Mercado, Friar M. de, bishop of Pan., 1578, ii. 475.

Merced, order of, establd. in Guat., 1537, ii. 140-1;
convent founded at Ciudad Real, ii. 328-9.

Merlo, R. de, exped. of, 1525, i. 577.

Mestizos, characteristics of the, iii. 594-5.

Mexico, union of Cent. Amer. with, 1821-2, iii. 42-59;
war with Salv., 1822-3, iii. 62-4.

Mexico City, machinations against Cortés, i. 572-5, 580-1.

Meyner, C., gov. of Pan., 1812, iii. 495.

Milla, J. J., vice-jefe of Hond., 1824, iii. 161;
defeats Herrera, iii. 162.

Millen, F. F., colonization scheme of, 1883, iii. 590-1.

Mining, in Hond., ii. 295;
in Guat., ii. 383;
in Pan., ii. 395-6, 585-6;
in Cent. Amer., iii. 655-60.

Miro, G., president of Pan., 1873, iii. 541.

Mitla, insurrection in, 1837, iii. 124-5.

Mixco, capture of, 1525, i. 686-92;
federal victory at, 1829, iii. 97.

Moderados, Guat., party organized, 1848, iii. 275.

Molina, Col M. A., jefe of Los Altos, 1838, iii. 157-9;
execution of, 1842, iii. 218.

Molina, P., 'El Editor Constitucional,' iii. 27-8;
biog., iii. 27-8;
revolutionary movements, iii. 33;
envoy to Bogotá, 1825, iii. 81;
jefe of Guat., iii. 104;
downfall of, iii. 105.

Mollinedo y Saravia, G., capt.-gen., 1801, iii. 3;
rule, iii. 3-6;
death, iii. 6.

Monasteries, suppression of, 1829, iii. 104.

Monasterio, Capt. J. de, operations, etc., of, 1603-9, ii. 650-1.

Montaiglon, M. de, works of, i. 54.

Montalboddo, 'Paesi Nouamente retrouati,' i. 123.

Montalvo, F., viceroy of New Granada, 1813, iii. 495.

Montealegre, J. M., president of Costa Rica, 1859-63, iii. 373-7.

Montejo, F. de, gov. of Hond., 1537-9, ii. 289-99;
negotiations with Alvarado, 296-9.

Monterroso, F. de H., acting gov. of Pan., 1708, ii. 583.

Montes, F., arrest, etc., of, 1810, iii. 493.

Montes, J. F., president of Hond., 1863, iii. 324-5.

Montfraisier, Du P. de, 'Histoire Universelle,' ii. 748.

Montiano, M. de, gov. of Pan., 1749-55, ii. 584.

Montúfar, Col M., surrender of, iii. 95.

Mora, F., invasion of C. R., iii. 387.

Mora, J., jefe of C. R., 1822-33, iii. 179-81;
biog., iii. 180.

Mora, J. F., president of C. R., 1849-53, iii. 236-7.

Mora, Gen. J. J., operations of, 1856, iii. 358.

Mora, J. R., president of C. R., 1859, iii. 372;
revolt against, iii. 372-3;
exile, iii. 373; revolt of, iii. 374-5;
execution, 1860, iii. 375-6.

Morales, Capt. G. de, joins Pedrarias' exped., 1514, i. 390;
exped. to the Pearl Islands, 1515, i. 408-11;
atrocities of, i. 411.

Morales, M. R., director of Nic., 1847, iii. 243.

Morazan, Gen., victory at Gualcho, 1828, iii. 95;
campaign in Guat., 1828-9, iii. 96-100;
harsh measures of, iii. 100-3;
operations in Hond., iii. 111;
president, 1830, iii. 112;
rule, iii. 112-42;
departure, 1840, iii. 142-3;
invasion of C. R., 1842, iii. 216-17;
measures, iii. 217-18;
provis. jefe, iii. 218;
capture of, iii. 219-20;
execution, iii. 221-2.

Moreno, Fiscal P., exped. to Hond., 1525, i. 535-6.

Morgan, H., early career of, ii. 482-3;
plunders Puerto Príncipe, ii. 483;
captures Portobello, 1668, ii. 483-9;
atrocities of, ii. 484-7, 510-12;
encounters gov. of Pan., ii. 488-9;
forces, etc., of, ii. 491-2;
captures Santa Catarina, ii. 493;
lands at Chagre, ii. 496-7;
march across the Isthmus, ii. 497-502;
captures Panamá, 1671, ii. 504-7;
plot against, ii. 512;
return to San Lorenzo, ii. 512-13;
division of spoils, ii. 514;
knighted, etc., ii. 515;
imprisonment of, ii. 515.

Morillo, Mariscal P., exped. of, 1815, iii. 496.

Moscoso, L., exped. of, 1530, ii. 121.

Mosquitia, description of, ii. 595-8, 600-1;
buccaneers in, ii. 598;
British rights in, ii. 598-9;
British aggression in, ii. 601-2;
maps of, ii. 603; iii. 246;
Galvez' exped. to, 1782, ii. 604-5;
Despard's exped. to, 1782, ii. 605-6;
British protectorate over, iii. 244-52;
kings of, iii. 245-8;
attempts at colonization, iii. 248-9.

Motolinia, Fray T. de, labors in Nic., 1528, ii. 184;
in Guat., ii. 345-7.

Mourgeon, Mariscal J. de la C., capt.-gen. of New Granada, 1821,
iii. 503;
exped. of, iii. 504.

Moya, R., jefe of C. R., 1844, iii. 227.

Muñoz, F., execution of, 1517, i. 457-9.

Muñoz, J. B., 'Historia del Nuevo Mondo,' i. 197-8.

Muñoz, Gen. J. T., siege of Leon, 1844, iii. 197;
promotion of, iii. 240;
operations, etc., of, 1845, iii. 241-3;
revolt of, 1851, iii. 256;
negotiations, iii. 260;
death, 1855, iii. 330.

Murillo, Lieut-col A., victory at Tecuaname, 1855, iii. 261.

N

Nacaome, diet of, 1848, iii. 208.

Naco Valley, exped. to, ii. 145, 147, 156-7.

Nancintlan, burning of, 1524, i. 668.

Napoleon I., usurpation of, iii. 2.

Naranjo, battle of, 1876, iii. 462.

Narragansett Bay, settlement founded at, 1000, i. 76.

Narvaez y la Torre, Brigadier A., gov. of Pan., 1801, iii. 489.

Natá, surprised by Espinosa, 1516, i. 423;
settlement founded at, i. 505-9.

Natá, Cacique, capture of, 1515, i. 414;
surrender of, 1516, i. 423-4;
exped. against, i. 424-5;
revolt of, 1517, i. 431.

Nava, J. de, gov. of C. R., 1773, ii. 622.

Navarrete, M. F. de, works of, i. 69, 198-200;
biog., 198.

Navas y Quevada, A. de las, bishop of Nic., 1667, ii. 443-4.

Navigation, internal, iii. 667-8.

Navío, picture of, i. 189.

Nebah, capture of, 1530, ii. 111-12.

Negroes, importation of, ii. 386-7;
regulations concerning, ii. 389-90.

Neira, G., president of Pan., 1872-3, iii. 538-41.

Nelson, H., exped. to Nic., 1780, ii. 609-11.

'New Collection of Voyages,' ii. 750.

Newfoundland, Leif lands at, 1000, i. 76.

New Granada, rebellion in, 1810-13, iii. 493-6;
state of, organized, 1831, iii. 513;
revolution in, 1840, iii. 515-16;
difficulty with England, 1836, iii. 518;
with U. S., 1855, iii. 519;
1856-7, iii. 520-2;
mining in, iii. 659-60;
treaty with U. S., 1846, iii. 700-1.

New laws, publication of the, 1543, ii. 240;
provisions, ii. 240-1;
opposition to the, ii. 242-3, 301-2, 323;
repealed, 1545, ii. 325;
opposition to, ii. 334-5, 338.

New St Andrew, founding of, 1698, ii. 576.

Newspapers, iii. 27-8, 273, 288, 290, 559, 584, 622, 627.

'New Universal Collection,' ii. 750.

'New Voyages and Travels,' ii. 751.

Nicaragua, Dávila's exped. to, 1522-3, i. 483-94;
maps of, i. 513; ii. 175; iii. 258;
church affairs in, ii. 168-9, 443-4, 612-17; iii. 632-3;
revolts in, ii. 274-8; iii. 240-2, 259-61;
settlements, etc., of, ii. 434, 437-8;
Dominicans in, ii. 436-7;
commerce of, ii. 438;
piratical raids in, 1685-6, ii. 553-62;
diputacion provincial in, iii. 47;
annexation to Mex., 1821, iii. 47-8;
internal strife in, 1833-7, iii. 170-7;
juntas gubernativas, iii. 170-2;
assembly, iii. 172-3, 243, 257-60, 367, 475-8;
earthquake, etc., in, 1835, iii. 176-7;
secession, 1838, iii. 178;
British mediation requested, 1839-40, iii. 186-7;
war with Hond., 1844, iii. 194-200;
union with Salv. and Hond., iii. 209-11;
C. R. boundary question, iii. 231-3;
British claims, iii. 239-40;
British aggressions in Mosquitia, iii. 244-51;
hostilities with England, 1848, iii. 251-2;
Zeledon-Wyke treaty, 1860, iii. 252-3;
treaty with Spain, 1850, iii. 253;
concordat, iii. 253;
foreign relations, iii. 254;
difficulty with U. S., 1854, iii. 254-5;
with Germany, 1876, iii. 256;
declared a republic, 1852-4, iii. 257;
war with Guat., 1850-3, iii. 279-80;
Walker's campaign in, 1855-6, iii. 328-46;
cholera in, 1855, iii. 330;
war with C. R., 1857, iii. 362;
junta de gobierno in, 1857, iii. 365;
revenue, iii. 366-7;
constitution, iii. 367;
rebellion in, 1869, iii. 471-4;
difficulty with C. R., 1873-5, iii. 479-82;
jesuitic seditions, iii. 484-5;
opposition to Barrios, 1885, iii. 486;
boundaries, iii. 567;
departments, etc., iii. 567-8;
cities, iii. 568-9;
population, 1883, iii. 588;
colonization in, iii. 591-2;
character of population, iii. 599-601;
dress, etc., iii. 601-2;
dwellings, iii. 602;
mode of life, iii. 603;
amusements, iii. 603-4;
education, iii. 622-4;
administr. of justice, iii. 641-3;
army, iii. 646-7;
agric., iii. 652-3;
mining, iii. 657-8;
manufact., iii. 661;
revenue, etc., iii. 683;
debt, iii. 483, 683;
railroads, iii. 708.

Nicaragua, Cacique, Dávila's visit to, 1522, i. 486-9;
attacks the Spaniards, iii. 493.

Nicaragua, isthmus, project for canal, iii. 694-8.

Nicaragua, Lake, discovery of, 1522, i. 489.

Nicoya, Cacique, Dávila's meeting with, 1522, i. 485-6.

Nicoya, province, incorporated with C. R., 1825, iii. 179.

Nicoya, town, the Contreras revolt, 1550, ii. 277-8.

Nicuesa, D. de, biog., etc., of, i. 292-4;
gov. of Castilla del Oro, i. 294-6;
quarrel with Ojeda, i. 296-7;
exped. to Veragua, 1509, i. 296-308;
relieved by Colmenares, i. 331-2;
reception at Antigua, i. 334-5;
deposal, i. 335;
fate of, i. 335-6.

'Niña,' voyage of the, 1492-3, i. 159-64.

Nindiri, volcano, eruption of, 1775, ii. 608.

Niño, Pilot A., exped., etc., of, 1522-3, i. 478-93.

Niño, P. A., voyage of, 1499, i. 186.

Nito, Cortés' arrival at, 1525, i. 565-7;
sickness, etc., at, i. 567-8;
site of, abandoned, i. 568, 570.

Niza, Friar M. de, exped. of, 1539, i. 151-2;
rept of, ii. 205.

Nombre de Dios, name, i. 307;
Nicuesa at, i. 307-8;
fort of, built, 1510, i. 307-8;
departure of garrison, i. 337-8;
abandoned, i. 331-3; 412-13;
refounded, 1519, i. 471;
trade, etc., of, ii. 248-9;
Nombre de Dios, Verdugo's invasion of, ii. 263-4;
Gasca at, 1546, ii. 267-9;
1550, ii. 282-3;
the Contreras revolt, 1550, ii. 278, 281-3;
removal of site, etc., ii. 396-9;
Drake's attack on, 1572, ii. 405-6;
destroyed by Drake, 1595, ii. 422.

Norí, Cacique, execution of, ii. 55-6.

North-west passage, discov. of, iii. 689-91.

'Notes de Voyage en Centre Amérique,' iii. 676-7.

'Nouvelle Bibliothèque des Voyages,' ii. 757.

Nueva Andalucía, name, i. 294;
Ojeda's exped. to, 1509-10, i. 294-301.

Nueva Jaen, founding of, ii. 186.

Nueva Segovia, freebooters at, 1687, ii. 563-4.

Nueva Valladolid, growth, etc., of, 1557-74, ii. 640-1;
earthquake in, 1774, ii. 640.

'Nuevo Viajero Universal,' ii. 758.

Nuñez, A., Nicuesa's exped., 1509-10, i. 307-8.

Nuñez, J., vice-jefe of Nic., 1835, iii. 177.

Nuñez, Capt. V., capture, etc., of, ii. 257-8.

Nutibara, Cacique, defeat of, ii. 54.

O

Oajaca, city, capture, etc., of, iii. 6.

Obaldía, J. de, gov. of Pan., 1858, iii. 528.

Obaldía, Col A., revolt of, 1868, iii. 537-8.

Occhuc, Tzendales repulsed at, 1712, ii. 703-4.

Ococingo, massacre at, 1712, ii. 699.