Chapter XXXVIII: Appendix (3)

_Cumæ_ in Campania, iii. 357 _seq._

_Cyclades_, ii. 214, iii. 163;
Themistoklês levies fines on, v. 141.

_Cycle_, epic, ii. 122 _seq._

_Cyclic_ poets, ii. 122 _seq._

_Cyclôpes_, i. 4, 5.

_Cyprus_, influence of Aphroditê upon, i. 5;
Solon’s visit to, iii. 148;
Phenicians and Greeks in, iii. 277;
extension of the Ionic revolt to, iv. 291;
subjugation of, by Phenicians and Persians, iv. 293;
conquest of, by the Turks in 1570, iv. 293 _n._;
expedition to, under Kimon, v. 335;
before and under Evagoras, x. 14 _seq._;
subjugation of, to the Persian king Ochus, xi. 437;
surrender of the princes of, to Alexander, xii. 137.

_Cyrenaica_, iv. 36 _n._ 3, 37 _n._

_Cyropædia_, Xenophon’s, iv. 183.

_Cyrus the Great_, early history and rise of, iv. 183 _seq._;
and Crœsus, war between, iv. 188 _seq._;
and the Lacedæmonians, iv. 199;
conquests of, in Asia, iv. 209;
capture of Babylon by, iv. 211 _seq._;
exploits and death of, iv. 215;
effects of his conquests upon the Persians, iv. 216 _seq._;
the tomb of, xii. 237.

_Cyrus the Younger_, arrival of, in Asia Minor, B. C. 408, viii. 135,
137;
Lysander’s visits to, at Sardis, viii. 140 _seq._, 214;
pay of the Peloponnesian fleet by, viii. 143;
and Kallikratidas, viii. 162;
entrusts his satrapy and revenues to Lysander, viii. 214;
and Artaxerxes Mnemon, viii. 312, ix. 8 _seq._;
youth and education of, ix. 5;
his esteem for the Greeks and hopes of the crown, ix. 6;
charge of Tissaphernes against, ix. 7;
strict administration and prudent behavior of, ix. 9;
forces of, collected at Sardis, ix. 11;
march of, from Sardis to Kunaxa, ix. 14 _seq._;
assistance of Epyaxa to, ix. 18;
review of his troops at Tyriæum, ix. 19;
and Syennesis, ix. 20;
at Tarsus, ix. 21 _seq._;
desertion of Xenias and Pasion from, ix. 28;
at Thapsakus, ix. 29 _seq._;
in Babylonia, ix. 35 _seq._;
speech of, to his Greek forces in Babylonia, ix. 36;
his conception of Grecian superiority, ix. 37;
his present to the prophet Silanus, ix. 40;
passes the undefended trench, ix. 41;
at Kunaxa, ix. 42 _seq._;
character of, ix. 49;
probable conduct of, towards Greece, if victorious at Kunaxa, ix. 51;
and the Asiatic Greeks, ix. 207.

D.

_Dædalus_, i. 225, 228 _seq._

_Dæmon_ of Sokratês, viii. 408 _seq._

_Dæmons_, i. 65, 67, 70 _seq._;
and gods, distinction between, i. 425 _seq._;
admission of, as partially evil beings, i. 427.

_Damascus_, capture of, by the Macedonians, xii. 128.

_Damasithymus_ of Kalyndus, v. 135.

_Danaê_, legend of, i. 90.

_Danaos_ and the Danaides, i. 88.

_Dancing_, Greek, iv. 85.

_Daphnæus_, at Agrigentum, x. 426 _seq._;
death of, x. 444.

_Dardanus_, son of Zeus, i. 285.

_Daric_, the golden, iv. 239 _n._ 2.

_Darius Hystaspes_, accession of, iv. 224 _seq._;
discontents of the satraps under, iv. 226 _seq._;
revolt of the Medes against, iv. 227 _n._;
revolt of Babylon against, iv. 230;
organization of the Persian empire by, iv. 233 _seq._;
twenty satrapies of, iv. 235 _seq._;
organizing tendency, coinage, roads, and posts of, iv. 238 _seq._;
and Sylosôn, iv. 240;
conquering dispositions of, iv. 252;
probable consequences of an expedition by, against Greece before
going against Scythia, iv. 260 _seq._;
invasion of Scythia by, iv. 262 _seq._;
his orders to the Ionians at the bridge over the Danube, iv. 269;
return of, to Susa from Scythia, iv. 280;
revenge of, against the Athenians, iv. 297;
preparations of, for invading Greece, iv. 314;
submission of Greeks to, before the battle of Marathon, iv. 315;
heralds of, at Athens and Sparta, iv. 316;
instructions of, to Datis and Artaphernês, iv. 329;
resolution of, to invade Greece a second time, v. 1;
death of, v. 2.

_Darius_, son of Artaxerxes Mnemon, x. 367.

_Darius Codomannus_, encouragement of anti-Macedonians in Greece by,
xii. 20;
his accession and preparations for defence against Alexander,
xii. 76;
irreparable mischief of Memnon’s death to, xii. 106;
change in the plan of, after Memnon’s death, xii. 107, 109;
puts Charidemus to death, xii. 108;
Arrian’s criticism on the plan of, against Alexander, xii. 110;
at Mount Amanus, xii. 115 _seq._;
advances into Kilikia, xii. 117;
at Issus before the battle, xii. 117;
defeat of, at Issus, xii. 118 _seq._;
capture of his mother, wife, and family by Alexander, xii. 124, 153;
his correspondence with Alexander, xii. 130, 140;
inaction of, after the battle of Issus, xii. 152;
defeat of, at Arbela, xii. 155 _seq._;
a fugitive in Media, xii. 178, 180;
pursued by Alexander into Parthia, xii. 182 _seq._;
conspiracy against, by Bessus and others, xii. 183 _seq._;
death of, xii. 185;
Alexander’s disappointment in not taking him alive, xii. 186;
funeral, fate, and conduct of, xii. 186.

_Darius Nothus_, ix. 2 _seq._;
death of, ix. 6.

_Daskon_, attack of Dionysius on the Carthaginian naval station at,
x. 508.

_Datames_, x. 360.

_Datis_, siege and capture of Eretria by, iv. 330 _seq._;
conquest of Karystus by, iv. 331;
Persian armament at Samos under, iv. 329;
conquest of Naxos and other Cyclades by, iv. 330 _seq._;
forbearance of, towards Delos, iv. 330;
at Marathon, iv. 333, 345 _seq._;
return of, to Asia, after the battle of Marathon, iv. 362.

_Debtor and creditor_, law of, at Athens before Solon, iii. 95;
Roman law of, iii. 159 _seq._

_Debtors_, Solon’s relief of, iii. 99;
treatment of, according to Gallic and Teutonic codes, iii. 110 _n._

_Debts_, the obligation of, inviolable at Athens, iii. 105, 113;
distinction between the principal and interest of, in an early
society, iii. 107.

_Defence_, means of, superior to those of attack in ancient Greece,
ii. 111.

_Deianeira_, i. 151.

_Deinokrates_, xii. 406, 407, 440, 446 _seq._

_Dêïokes_, iii. 227 _seq._

_Deities_ not included in the twelve great ones, i. 10;
of guilds or trades, i. 344.

_Dekamnichus_, x. 47.

_Dekarchies_ established by Lysander, ix. 184 _seq._, 194, 197.

_Dekeleia_, legend of, 159;
fortification of, by the Lacedæmonians, vii. 286, 288, 364;
Agis at, vii. 365, viii. 150.

_Delian Apollo_, i. 45.

_Delian festival_, iii. 167 _seq._;
early splendor and subsequent decline of, iv. 54;
revival of, B. C. 426, vi. 312.

_Delium_, Hippokratês’s march to, and fortification of, B. C. 424,
vi. 382 _seq._;
battle of, B. C. 424, vi. 389 _seq._;
siege and capture of, by the Bœotians, B. C. 424, vi. 396;
Sokratês and Alkibiadês at the battle of, vi. 397.

_Dêlos_, Ionic festival at, iii. 167, _seq._, iv. 54;
forbearance of Datis towards, iv. 330;
the confederacy of, v. 263 _seq._, 290 _seq._;
the synod of, v. 301, 302;
first breach of union in the confederacy of, v. 312;
revolt of Thasos from the confederacy of, v. 315;
transfer of the fund of the confederacy from, to Athens, v. 343;
transition of the confederacy of, into an Athenian empire, v. 343;
purification of, by the Athenians, vi. 312;
restoration of the native population to, B. C. 421, vii. 23.

_Delphi_, temple and oracle of, i. 48 _seq._, ii. 253;
oracle of, and the Battiad dynasty, iv. 41;
early state and site of, iv. 59;
growth of, iv. 62;
conflagration and rebuilding of the temple at, iv. 120 _seq._;
the oracle at, worked by Kleisthenês, iv. 122;
oracle of, and Xerxes’s invasion, v. 59 _seq._;
Xerxes’s detachment against, v. 417;
proceedings of Sparta and Athens at, B. C. 452-447, v. 346;
answer of the oracle of, to the Spartans on war with Athens,
B. C. 432, vi. 92;
reply of the oracle at, about Sokratês, viii. 412 _seq._;
Agesipolis and the oracle at, ix. 357;
claim of the Phokians to the presidency of the temple at,
xi. 245 _seq._;
Philomelus seizes and fortifies the temple at, xi. 247;
Philomelus takes part of the treasures in the temple at, xi. 252;
employment of the treasures in the temple at, by Onomarchus,
xi. 255;
Phayllus despoils the temple at, xi. 297;
peculation of the treasures at, xi. 375;
miserable death of all concerned in the spoliation of the temple at,
xi. 434;
relations of the Lokrians of Amphissa with, xi. 469;
Amphiktyonic meeting at, B. C. 339, xi. 470 _seq._

_Delphian Apollo_, reply of, to the remonstrance of Crœsus, iv. 189.

_Delphians_ and Amphiktyons, attack of, upon Kirrha, xi. 474.

_Delphinium_ at Athens, iii. 78 _n._

_Deluge_ of Deukaliôn, i. 96 _seq._

_Demades_, reproof of Philip by, xi. 505;
peace of, xi. 506 _seq._;
remark of, on hearing of Alexander’s death, xii. 257;
Macedonizing policy of, xii. 278;
and Phokion, embassy of, to Antipater, xii. 322;
death of, xii. 338.

_Demagogues_, iii. 18, 21, viii. 39 _seq._

_Demaratus_ and Kleomenês, iv. 325 _seq._;
conversations of, with Xerxes, v. 40, 86, 96;
advice of, to Xerxes after the death of Leonidas, v. 96.

_Demes, Attic_, iii. 63, 66, 68; iv. 132 _seq._

_Dêmêtêr_, i. 6, 7, 10;
foreign influence on the worship of, i. 24, 25;
how represented in Homer and Hesiod, i. 37;
Homeric hymn to, i. 38 _seq._;
legends of, differing from the Homeric hymn, i. 44;
Hellenic importance of, i. 44.

_Dêmêtrius_ of Skêpsis, on Ilium, i. 328.

_Demetrius Phalereus_, administration of, at Athens, xii. 362 _seq._;
retires to Egypt, xii. 374;
condemnation of, xii. 378.

_Demetrius Poliorketes_, at Athens, xii. 373 _seq._, 382, 383 _seq._,
388;
exploits of, B. C. 307-304, xii. 381;
his successes in Greece against Kassander, xii. 382;
march of, through Thessaly into Asia, xii. 386;
return of, from Asia to Greece, xii. 388;
acquires the crown of Macedonia, xii. 389;
Greece under, xii. 389;
captivity and death of, xii. 390.

_Demiurgi_, iii. 72.

_Demochares_, xii. 378, 380, 385, 392.

_Democracies_, Grecian, securities against corruption in, vii. 402.

_Democracy_, Athenian, iii. 128, 140; v. 380;
effect of the idea of, upon the minds of the Athenians,
iv. 179 _seq._;
at Athens, stimulus to, from the Persian war, v. 275;
reconstitution of, at Samos, viii. 46 _seq._;
restoration of, at Athens, B. C. 411, viii. 75 _seq._, 80 _seq._,
and B. C. 403, viii. 288, 300;
moderation of Athenian, viii. 92, 304 _seq._;
at Samos, contrasted with the oligarchy of the Four Hundred,
viii. 93 _seq._

_Democratical_ leaders at Athens, and the Thirty, viii. 240,
245 _seq._;
sentiment, increase of, at Athens, between B. C. 479-459, v. 355.

_Dêmokêdês_, romantic history of, iv. 253 _seq._

_Demônax_, reform of Kyrênê by, iv. 44;
constitution of, not durable, iv. 49.

_Demophantus_, psephism of, viii. 80.

_Demos_ at Syracuse, v. 206.

_Demosthenês the general_, in Akarnania, vi. 296;
expedition of, against Ætolia, vi. 296 _seq._;
saves Naupaktus, vi. 301;
goes to protect Amphilochian Argos, vi. 302;
his victory over Eurylochus at Olpæ, vi. 304 _seq._;
his triumphant return from Akarnania to Athens, vi. 312;
fortifies and defends Pylus, vi. 317 _seq._;
application of, for reinforcements from Athens, to attack
Sphakteria, vi. 334 _seq._;
victory of, in Sphakteria, vi. 341 _seq._;
attempt of, to surprise Megara and Nisæ, vi. 372 _seq._;
scheme of, for invading Bœotia, B. C. 424, vi. 379;
unsuccessful descent upon Bœotia by, vi. 380;
his evacuation of the fort at Epidaurus, vii. 97;
expedition of, to Sicily, vii. 289, 298, 303;
arrival of, at Syracuse, vii. 302, 304;
plans of, on arriving at Syracuse, vii. 306;
night attack of, upon Epipolæ, vii. 306 _seq._;
his proposals for removing from Syracuse, vii. 308 _seq._;
and Nikias, resolution of, after the final defeat in the harbor of
Syracuse, vii. 338;
capture and subsequent treatment of, vii. 341 _seq._, 347;
respect for the memory of, vii. 348;
death of, vii. 347.

_Demosthenes_, father of the orator, xi. 265.

_Demosthenes the orator_, first appearance of, as public adviser in
the Athenian assembly, xi. 263;
parentage and early youth of, xi. 263 _seq._;
and his guardians, xi. 265;
early rhetorical tendencies of, xi. 266;
training and instructors of, xi. 268 _seq._;
action and matter of, xi. 271;
first known as a composer of speeches for others, xi. 272;
speech of, against Leptines, xi. 272;
speech of, on the Symmories, xi. 285 _seq._;
exhortations of, to personal effort and sacrifice, xi. 289, 357;
recommendations of, on Sparta and Megalopolis, xi. 291;
first Philippic of, xi. 309 _seq._;
opponents of, at Athens, B. C. 351, xi. 318;
earliest Olynthiac of, xi. 327 _seq._;
practical effect of his speeches, xi. 329;
second Olynthiac of, xi. 331 _seq._;
allusions of, to the Theôric fund, xi. 334, 338;
third Olynthiac of, xi. 335 _seq._, 336;
insulted by Meidias, xi. 343;
reproached for his absence from the battle of Tamynæ, xi. 344;
serves as hoplite in Eubœa, and is chosen senator for,
B. C. 349-348, xi. 345;
order of the Olynthiacs of, xi. 358 _seq._;
and Æschines, on the negotiations with Philip, B. C. 347-346,
xi. 371 _n._, 378 _n._;
speaks in favor of peace, B. C. 347, xi. 372;
and the first embassy from Athens to Philip, xi. 380 _seq._, 386;
failure of, in his speech before Philip, xi. 382;
and the confederate synod at Athens respecting Philip, xi. 389 _n._,
390, 392 _n._ 3;
and the motion of Philokratês for peace and alliance with Philip,
xi. 391 _seq._;
and the exclusion of the Phokians from the peace and alliance
between Athens and Philip, xi. 400 _seq._;
and the second embassy from Athens to Philip, xi. 403, 405 _seq._,
412, 415;
and the third embassy from Athens to Philip, xi. 422;
charges of, against Æschines, xi. 431;
and the peace and alliance of Athens with Philip, B. C. 346,
xi. 432;
recommends acquiescence in the Amphiktyonic dignity of Philip,
xi. 435;
vigilance and warnings of, against Philip, after B. C. 246, xi. 444;
speech on the Chersonese and third Philippic of, xi. 451;
increased influence of, at Athens, B. C. 341-338, xi. 452;
mission of, to the Chersonese and, Byzantium, xi. 453;
vote of thanks to, at Athens, xi. 461;
reform in the administration of the Athenian marine by,
xi. 462 _seq._, 464 _n._;
his opposition to the proceedings of Æschines at the Amphiktyonic
meeting, B. C. 339, xi. 478;
on the special Amphiktyonic meeting at Thermopylæ, xi. 479;
advice of, on hearing of the fortification of Elateia by Philip,
xi. 486;
mission of, to Thebes, B. C. 339, xi. 488 _seq._;
crowned at Athens, xi. 493, 496;
at the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 498 _seq._, 501;
confidence shown to, after the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 503, 509;
conduct of, on the death of Philip, xii. 10;
correspondence of, with Persia, xii. 20 _seq._;
accusation against, respecting the revolt of Thebes against
Alexander, xii. 34;
position and policy of, in Alexander’s time, xii. 278 _seq._;
and Æschines, judicial contest between, xii. 286 _seq._;
accusation against, in the affair of Harpalus, xii. 294 _seq._;
recall of, from exile, xii. 314;
flight of, to Kalauria, xii. 322;
condemnation and death of, xii. 326 _seq._;
life and character of, xii. 328 _seq._

_Derdas_ at Olynthus, x. 65.

_Derkyllidas_, in Asia, ix. 209 _seq._, 219 _seq._, 255;
at Abydos and Sestos, ix. 320;
superseded by Anaxibius at Abydos, ix. 368.

_Despots_, in Greece, iii. 4, 18 _seq._;
at Sikyôn, iii. _seq._, 39;
at Corinth, iii. 41 _seq._;
of Asiatic Greece, deposition of, by Aristagoras, iv. 285;
Sicilian, v. 206, 233.

_Deukaliôn_, i. 96 _seq._

_Dexippus_, ix. 126, 149 _seq._; x. 423, 429, 444.

_Diadochi_, Asia Hellenized by, xii. 269.

_Diagoras_, prosecution of, vii. 208.

_Dialectics_, Grecian, iv. 87; viii. 338, 345 _seq._, 454 _seq._

_Dictators_ in Greece, iii. 19.

_Dido_, legend of, iii. 347.

_Digamma_ and the Homeric poems, ii. 147.

_Diitrephês_, vii. 356 _seq._

_Dikæus_, vision of, v. 118.

_Dikasteries_, not established by Solon, iii. 125;
Athenian, iv. 140 _seq._, v. 378 _seq._, 385, 393;
constitution of, by Periklês, v. 355 _seq._, 366;
working of, at Athens, v. 381 _seq._;
at Rhodes and other Grecian cities, v. 384 _n._ 2;
jurisdiction of, over the subject-allies of Athens, vi. 39 _seq._,
42, 43, 45.

_Dikasts_, oath of, at Athens, iii. 105, viii. 298;
Athenian iv. 141, 372;
under Periklês, v. 357, 366, 376 _seq._, 388.

_Dikon_ of Kaulonia, xi. 28.

_Dimnus_, xii. 191, 194.

_Diodôrus_, his historical versions of mythes, i. 413;
statement of, respecting the generals at Arginusæ, viii. 184.

_Diodotus_, speech of, vi. 254 _seq._

_Diogenes_ and Alexander, xii. 48.

_Diokleidês_, vii. 198, 204.

_Dioklês the Corinthian_, ii. 297.

_Dioklês the Syracusan_, the laws of, x. 389 _seq._;
aid to Himera under, x. 410, 412;
banishment of, x. 417.

_Dio Chrysostom’s_ attempt to historicise the legend of Troy, i. 321.

_Dio Chrysostom_ at Olbia, xii. 477 _seq._

_Diomêdês_, return of, from Troy, i. 316.

_Diomedon_, pursuit of Chians by, vii. 375;
at Teos and Lesbos, vii. 383;
at Milêtus and Chios, vii. 385 _seq._;
at Samos, viii. 28;
defeat of, by Kallikratidas, viii. 169.

_Dion_, his Dionysian connection, and character, xi. 58;
Plato, and the Pythagoreans, xi. 56 _seq._;
political views of, xi. 58 _seq._;
maintains the confidence of Dionysius the Elder to the last, xi. 61;
his visits to Peloponnesus and Athens, xi. 61;
conduct of, on the accession of Dionysius the Younger,
xi. 64 _seq._;
efforts of, to improve Dionysius the Younger, xi. 64 _seq._;
entreats Plato to visit Dionysius the Younger, xi. 69;
and Plato urge Dionysius the Younger to reform himself, xi. 73;
and Plato, intrigues of Philistus against, xi. 76;
alienation of Dionysius the Younger from, xi. 77;
banishment of, xi. 78;
property of, confiscated by Dionysius the Younger, xi. 82;
resolution of, to avenge himself on Dionysius the Younger, and free
Syracuse, xi. 82 _seq._, 85;
forces of, at Zakynthus, xi. 84, 87;
expedition of, against Dionysius the Younger, xi. 85 _seq._;
entry of, into Syracuse, B. C. 357, xi. 92 _seq._;
chosen general by the Syracusans, xi. 94;
captures Epipolæ and Euryalus, xi. 95;
blockade of Ortygia by, xi. 95, 98, 114;
negotiations of Dionysius the Younger with, xi. 97, 104;
victory of, over Dionysius the Younger, xi. 97 _seq._;
intrigues of Dionysius the Younger against, xi. 103;
suspicions of the Syracusans against, xi. 100, 193, 118;
and Herakleides, xi. 101, 103, 112, 115 _seq._, 121, 122;
deposition and retreat of, from Syracuse, xi. 105;
at Leontini, xi. 106, 108, 109;
repulse of Nepsius and rescue of Syracuse by, xi. 108 _seq._;
entry of, into Syracuse, B. C. 356, xi. 110;
entry of, into Ortygia, xi. 117;
conduct of, on his final triumph, xi. 118 _seq._;
his omission to grant freedom to Syracuse, xi. 119 _seq._;
opposition to, as dictator, xi. 121 _seq._;
tyranny, unpopularity and disquietude of, xi. 122 _seq._;
death and character of, xi. 123 _seq._;
and Timoleon, contrast between, xi. 195 _seq._

_Dionysia_, Attic, i. 31, iv. 69.

_Dionysiac_ festival at Athens, B. C. 349, xi. 343.

_Dionysius, Phôkæan_, iv. 305 _seq._, 309.

_Dionysius the Elder_, and Konon, ix. 325;
demonstration against, at Olympia, B. C. 384, x. 73 _seq._,
xi. 27 _seq._;
triremes of, captured by Iphikrates, x. 151;
first appearance of, at Syracuse, x. 420;
movement of the Hermokratean party to elevate, x. 432;
harangue of, against the Syracusan generals at Agrigentum,
x. 433 _seq._;
one of the generals of Syracuse, x. 434 _seq._;
first expedition of, to Gela, x. 438;
accusations of, against his colleagues, x. 439;
election of, as sole general, x. 440;
stratagem of, to obtain a body-guard, x. 441 _seq._;
establishes himself as despot at Syracuse, x. 444 _seq._, 454;
second expedition of, to Gela, x. 447 _seq._;
charges of treachery against, x. 451, 456;
mutiny of the Syracusan horsemen against, x. 451 _seq._;
and Imilkon, peace between, x. 455 _seq._;
sympathy of Sparta with, x. 457;
strong position of, after his peace with Imilkon, x. 457;
fortification and occupation of Ortygia by, x. 458 _seq._;
re-distribution of property by, x. 459 _seq._;
exorbitant exactions of, x. 461;
mutiny of the Syracusan soldiers against, x. 462 _seq._;
besieged in Ortygia, x. 462 _seq._;
strengthens his despotism, x. 466 _seq._;
conquers Ætna, Naxus, Katana, and Leontini, x. 467;
at Enna, x. 468;
resolution of, to make war upon Carthage, B. C. 400, x. 469;
additional fortifications at Syracuse by, x. 471 _seq._;
preparations of, for war with Carthage, B. C. 399-397, x. 473,
477 _seq._;
improved behavior of, to the Syracusans, B. C. 399, x. 473;
conciliatory policy of, towards the Greek cities, near the Strait
of Messênê, B. C. 399, x. 474 _seq._;
marriage of, with Doris and Aristomachê, x. 476, 480;
exhorts the Syracusan assembly to war against Carthage, x. 481;
permits the plunder of the Carthaginians at Syracuse, x. 482;
declares war against Carthage, B. C. 397, x. 483;
marches against the Carthaginians in Sicily, B. C. 397,
x. 483 _seq._;
siege and capture of Motyê by, x. 485 _seq._;
revolt of the Sikels from, x. 494;
provisions of, for the defence of Syracuse against the Carthaginians
B. C. 396, x. 494;
naval defeat of, near Katana, x. 495;
retreat of, from Katana to Syracuse, B. C. 395, x. 497;
Syracusan naval victory over the Carthaginians in the absence of,
x. 501;
speech of Theôdorus against, x. 501 _seq._;
discontent of the Syracusans with, B. C. 395, x. 501 _seq._;
and Pharakidas, x. 504;
attacks the Carthaginian camp before Syracuse and sacrifices his
mercenaries, x. 507;
success of, by sea and land against the Carthaginians before
Syracuse, x. 508;
secret treaty of, with Imilkon before Syracuse, x. 510;
and the Iberians, x. 510;
capture of Libyans by, x. 510;
difficulties of, from his mercenaries, xi. 2;
re-establishment of Messênê by, xi. 3;
conquests of, in the interior of Sicily, B. C., 394, xi. 4;
at Tauromenium, xi. 5, 8;
and the Sikels, B. C. 394-393, xi. 5, 6;
declaration of Agrigentum against, B. C. 393, xi. 6;
victory of, near Abakæna, xi. 6;
expedition of, against Rhegium, B. C. 393, xi. 7;
repulses Magon at Agyrium, xi. 7;
plans of against the Greek cities in southern Italy, xi. 8;
alliance of, with the Lucanians against the Italiot Greeks, xi. 11;
attack of, upon Rhegium, B. C. 390, xi. 11;
expedition of, against the Italian Greeks, B. C. 389, xi. 14 _seq._;
his capture and generous treatment of Italiot Greeks, xi. 15;
besieges and grants peace to Rhegium, xi. 16;
capture of Kaulonia and Hipponium by, xi. 7;
capture of Rhegium by, xi. 7, 18, 21;
cruelty of, to Phyton, xi. 19;
and Sparta, ascendancy of, B. C. 387, xi. 22;
capture of Kroton, by xi. 23;
schemes of for conquests in Epirus and Illyria, xi. 23;
plunders Latium, Etruria, and the temple of Agylla, xi. 25;
poetical compositions of, xi. 26;
dislike and dread of, in Greece, xi. 25, 30;
harshness of, to Plato, xi. 39;
new constructions and improvements by, at Syracuse, B. C. 387-383,
xi. 39;
renews the war wish Carthage, B. C. 383, xi. 41 _seq._;
disadvantageous peace of, with Carthage, B. C. 383, xi. 42;
projected wall of, across the Calabrian peninsula, xi. 43;
relations of, with Central Greece, B. C. 382-369, xi. 44;
war of, with Carthage, B. C. 368, xi. 44;
gains the tragedy prize at the Lenæan festival at Athens, xi. 46;
death and character of, xi. 46 _seq._, 62;
family left by, xi. 54, 62;
the good opinion of, enjoyed by Dion to the last, xi. 61;
drunken habits of his descendants, xi. 132.

_Dionysius the Younger_, age of, at his father’s death, xi. 55 _n._ 1;
accession and character of, xi. 63;
Dion’s efforts to improve, xi. 67 _seq._;
Plato’s visits to, xi. 69 _seq._, 80 _seq._;
Plato’s injudicious treatment of, xi. 73 _seq._;
his hatred and injuries to Dion, xi. 77, 78, 81 _seq._;
detention of Plato by, xi. 79;
Dion’s expedition against, xi. 85 _seq._;
weakness and drunken habits of, xi. 87;
absence of, from Syracuse, B. C. 357, xi. 89;
negotiations of, with Dion and the Syracusans, xi. 96, 104;
defeat of, by Dion, xi. 97 _seq._;
blockaded in Ortygia by Dion, xi. 98;
intrigues of, against Dion, xi. 101, 103;
his flight in Lokri, xi. 104;
return of, to Syracuse, xi. 133;
at Lokri, xi. 133;
his surrender of Ortygia to Timoleon, xi. 150;
at Corinth, xi. 151 _seq._

_Dionysius_ of the Pontic Herakleia, xii. 465 _seq._

_Dionysus_, worship of, i. 23, 24, 30, 33;
legend of, in the Homeric hymn to, i. 34;
alteration of the primitive Grecian idea of, i. 36 _seq._

_Diopeithes_, xi. 450.

_Dioskuri_, i. 172.

_Diphilus_ at Naupaktus, B. C. 413, vii. 358.

_Diphridas_, in Asia, ix. 363.

_Dirkê_, i. 263.

_Discussion_, growth of, among the Greeks, iv. 96.

_Dithyramb_, iv. 88.

_Dôdôna_, i. 396.

_Doloneia_, ii. 178, 189.

_Dolonkians_ and Miltiadês the first, iv. 117.

_Dorian cities_ in Peloponnesus about 450 B. C., ii. 298;
islands in the Ægean and the Dorians in Argolis, ii. 323;
immigration to Peloponnesus, ii. 303;
settlers at Argos and Corinth, ii. 308 _seq._, 311;
settlement in Sparta, ii. 328;
allotment of land at Sparta, ii. 416;
mode, the, ii. 433, iii. 212;
states, inhabitants of, iii. 31;
tribes at Sikyôn, names of, iii. 32, 35.

_Dorians_, early accounts of, 103 _seq._; ii. 2;
mythical title of, to the Peloponnesus, ii. 6;
their occupation of Argos, Sparta, Messenia, and Corinth, ii. 8, 9;
early Krêtan, ii. 310;
in Argolis and the Dorian islands in the Ægean, ii. 323;
of Sparta and Stenyklêrus, ii. 326 _seq._;
divided into three tribes, ii. 361;
Messenian, ii. 438;
Asiatic, iii. 201, 202;
of Ægina, iv. 172.

_Doric_ dialect, ii. 337 _seq._, iv. 87;
emigrations, ii. 25 _seq._

_Dorieus the Spartan Prince_, aid of, to Kinyps, iv. 39;
and the Krotoniates, iv. 415, 416;
Sicily, v. 207.

_Dorieus the Rhodian_, vii. 394, viii. 116, 117;
capture and liberation of, viii. 159;
treatment of, by the Athenians and Lacedæmonians, ix. 273 _seq._;
and Hermokrates in the Ægean, x. 385.

_Doris_, i. 102, ii. 289.

_Doris_, wife of Dionysius, x. 476, 480.

_Doriskus_, Xerxes at, v. 31 _seq._

_Dorkis_, v. 256, 257.

_Dôrus_, i. 99 _seq._

_Drako_ and his laws, iii. 73 _seq._

_Dramatic_ genius, development of, at Athens, viii. 317 _seq._

_Drangiana_, Alexander in, xii. 190 _seq._, 191.

_Drepanê_, i. 239.

_Dryopians_, settlements of, formed by sea, ii. 310.

_Dryopis_, ii. 289.

_Duketius_, the Sikel prince, iii. 374, vii. 122 _seq._

_Dymanes_, Hylleis, and Pamphyli, ii. 360.

_Dyrrachium_, iii. 407 _seq._

E.

_Earliest Greeks_, residences of, ii. 108 _seq._

_Early poets_, historical value of, ii. 45.

_Echemus_, i. 95, 177.

_Echidna_, i. 7.

_Eclipse_ of the sun in a battle between Medes and Lydians, iii. 231;
of the moon, B. C. 413, vii. 315;
of the moon, B. C. 333, xii. 151.

_Edda_, the, i. 479.

_Edessa_, the dynasty of, iv. 13, 17.

_Eetioneia_, fort at, viii. 57, 63; viii. 67.

_Egesta_, application of, to Athens, vii. 145 _seq._;
application of, to Carthage, x. 401 _seq._;
Syracusan attack upon, x. 489;
barbarities of Agathokles at, xii. 445.

_Egypt_, influence of, upon the religion of Greece, i. 24, 29, 31;
the opening of, to Grecian commerce, i. 365;
ante-Hellenic colonies from, to Greece not probable, ii. 267;
Solon’s visit to, iii. 148;
Herodotus’s account of, iii. 308 _seq._;
antiquity of, iii. 311;
peculiar physical and moral features of, iii. 311;
large town-population in, iii. 319;
profound submission of the people in, iii. 320, 321;
worship of animals in, iii. 322;
relations of, with Assyria, iii. 324;
archæology and chronology of, iii. 339 _seq._;
and Kyrênê, iv. 42;
Persian expedition from, against Barka, iv. 49;
Kambyses’s invasion and conquest of, iv. 219;
revolt and reconquest of, under Xerxes, v. 3;
defeat and losses of the Athenians in, v. 333;
unavailing efforts of Persia to reconquer, x. 13;
Agesilaus and Chabrias in, x. 362 _seq._;
reconquest of, by Ochus, xi. 439;
march of Alexander towards, xii. 141, 142, 145;
Alexander in, xii. 146 _seq._

_Egyptians_, ethnography of, iii. 264;
contrasted with Greeks, Phenicians, and Assyrians, iii. 304;
and Ethiopians, iii. 313;
effect of, on the Greek mind, iii. 343.

_Eileithyia_, i. 10.

_Eion_, capture of, by Kimon, v. 295 _seq._;
defended by Thucydidês against Brasidas, vi. 411;
Kleon at, vi. 471.

_Ekbatana_, foundation of, iii. 228;
Darius at, xii. 180;
Alexander at, xii. 181 _seq._, 246 _seq._;
Parmenio at, xii. 181, 196 _seq._

_Ekdikus_, expedition of, to Rhodes, ix. 363.

_Ekklesia_, Athenian, iv. 139.

_Elæa_, iii. 191.

_Elæus_, escape of the Athenian squadron from Sestos to, viii. 106;
Mindarus and Thrasyllus at, viii. 109, 113.

_Elateia_, re-fortification of, by Philip, xi. 483.

_Elatus_, i. 178.

_Elea_, Phôkæan colony at, iv. 206; vii. 127.

_Eleatic_ school, viii. 343 _seq._, 369.

_Elegiac_ verse of Kallinus, Tyrtæus, and Mimnermus, iv. 78.

_Eleian_ genealogy, i. 138, 141.

_Eleians_ excluded from the Isthmian games, i. 140;
and the Olympic games, ii. 10, 321;
and Pisatans, ii. 434, 439;
their exclusion of the Lacedæmonians from the Olympic festival,
vii. 57 _seq._;
desert the Argeian allies, vii. 76;
and Arcadians, X. 314 _seq._, 324;
exclusion of, from the Olympic festival, B. C. 364, x. 318 _seq._

_Elektra_ and Thaumas, progeny of, i. 7.

_Elektryôn_, death of, i. 92.

_Eleusinian_ mysteries, i. 38, 41, 43;
alleged profanation of, by Alkibiadês and others, vii. 175 _seq._,
211 _seq._;
celebration of, protected by Alkibiades, viii. 150.

_Eleusinians_, seizure and execution of by the Thirty at Athens,
viii. 267.

_Eleusis_, temple of, i. 40;
importance of mysteries to, i. 43;
early independence of, iii. 71;
retirement of the Thirty to, viii. 266;
capture of, viii. 274.

_Eleutheria_, institution of, at Platæa, v. 189.

_Elis_, genealogy of, i. 137, 139;
Oxylus and the Ætolians at, ii. 9;
Pisa, Triphylia, and Lepreum, ii. 39, 440;
formation of the city of, v. 315;
revolt of, from Sparta to Argos, vii. 18 _seq._;
and Lepreum, vii. 18;
and Sparta, war between, ix. 224 _seq._;
claim of, to Triphylia and the Pisatid, x. 260 _seq._, 313;
alienation of, from the Arcadians, x. 260;
alliance of, with Sparta and Achaia, x. 313.

_Elymi_, iii. 349.

_Emigrants_ to Iônia, the, ii. 21 _seq._

_Emigration_, early, from Greece, iii. 349.

_Emigrations_ consequent on the Dorian occupation of the Peloponnesus,
ii. 12;
Æolic, Ionic, and Doric, ii. 19 _seq._

_Empedoklês_, i. 424 _seq._, vii. 127, viii. 340.

_Emporiæ_, xii. 455.

_Endius_, viii. 122 _seq._

_Endymiôn_, stories of, i. 137.

_Eneti_, the, i. 319.

_England_, her government of her dependencies compared with the
Athenian empire, vi. 48 _n._

_Eniênes_, ii. 286.

_Enna_, Dionysius at, x. 468.

_Ennea Hodoi_, v. 310, vi. 12.

_Enômoties_, ii. 456 _seq._

_Entella_, Syracusan attack upon, x. 490, 497.

_Eos_, i. 6.

_Epaminondas_, and the conspiracy against the philo-Laconian oligarchy
at Thebes, x. 81, 87, 124 _seq._;
training and character of, x. 121 _seq._;
and Pelopidas, x. 121;
and Kallistratus, x. 164, 288;
and Agesilaus at the congress at Sparta, x. 167 _seq._, 173;
at Leuktra, x. 179;
and Orchomenus, x. 194;
proceedings and views of, after the battle of Leuktra,
x. 213 _seq._;
expeditions of, into Peloponnesus, x. 215 _seq._, x. 254 _seq._,
266 _seq._, 343 _seq._;
foundation of Megalopolis and Messênê by, x. 224 _seq._;
his retirement from Peloponnesus, x. 233;
his trial of accountability, x. 239 _seq._;
mildness of, x. 259;
and the Theban expedition to Thessaly, to rescue Pelopidas, x. 283,
285;
mission of, to Arcadia, x. 288;
Theban fleet and naval expedition under, x. 303 _seq._;
and Menekleidas, x. 268, 304 _seq._;
and the destruction of Orchomenus, x. 312;
and the arrest of Arcadians by the Theban harmost at Tegea,
x. 326 _seq._;
attempted surprise of Mantinea by the cavalry of, x. 332 _seq._;
at the battle of Mantinea, x. 335 _seq._;
death of, x. 346 _seq._, character of, x. 351 _seq._

_Epeians_, i. 138, 141 _seq._, ii. 12.

_Epeius_ of Panopeus, i. 302, 312.

_Epeunaktæ_, iii. 387.

_Ephesus_, iii. 180 _seq._;
capture of, by Crœsus, iii. 260;
defeat of Thrasyllus at, viii. 129;
Lysander at, viii. 152, 215;
capture of, by Alexander, xii. 90.

_Ephetæ_, iii. 77, 79 _seq._

_Ephialtês, the Alôid_, i. 136.

_Ephialtês, the general_, xii. 46, 95, 97.

_Ephialtês, the statesman_, v. 366, 372;
and Periklês, constitution of dikasteries by, v. 357 _seq._;
judicial reform of, v. 368.

_Ephors_, Spartan, ii. 350, 352 _seq._, 358, vii. 24;
appointment of, at Athens, viii. 236.

_Ephorus_, i. 409, ii. 369.

_Epic cycle_, ii. 122 _seq._

_Epic poems_, lost, ii. 121;
recited in public, not read in private, ii. 135;
variations in the mode of reciting, ii. 141 _seq._;
long, besides the Iliad and Odyssey, ii. 156.

_Epic poetry_ in early Greece, ii. 118 _seq._

_Epic poets_ and their dates, ii. 122.

_Epic_ of the middle ages, i. 481.

_Epical_ localities, transposition of, i. 245;
age preceding the lyrical, iv. 74.

_Epicharmus_, i. 376 _n._

_Epidamnus_, iii. 407 _seq._;
and the Illyrians, iv. 6 _seq._;
foundation of, vi. 51;
application of the democracy at, to Korkyra and Corinth, vi. 52;
attacked by the Korkyræans, vi. 53;
expeditions from Corinth to, vi. 53.

_Epidaurus_, attack of Argos and Athens upon, vii. 64, 68;
ravaged by the Argeians, vii. 69;
Lacedæmonian movements in support of, vii. 69;
attempts of the Argeians to storm, vii. 70;
operations of the Argeian allies near, vii. 90;
evacuation of the fort at, vii. 97.

_Epigoni_, the, i. 278, ii. 130 _n._ 2.

_Epimenides_, visit of, to Athens, i. 28.

_Epimenides of Krete_, iii. 87 _seq._

_Epimêtheus_, i. 6, 74.

_Epipolæ_, vii. 245;
intended occupation of, by the Syracusans, vii. 247;
occupation of, by the Athenians, vii. 247;
defeat of the Athenians at, vii. 272;
Demosthenês’s night-attack upon, vii. 305 _seq._;
capture of by Dion, xi. 95;
capture of, by Timoleon, xi. 160.

_Epirots_, ii. 233, iii. 351, 413 _seq._;
attack of, upon Akarnania, vi. 193 _seq._

_Epirus_, discouraging to Grecian colonization, iii. 417;
Dionysius’s schemes of conquest in, xi. 23;
government of Olympias in, xii. 394, 395 _n._ 2.

_Epistatês_, iv. 138.

_Epitadas_, vi. 334, 345 _seq._, 342.

_Epitadeus_, the Ephor, ii. 406.

_Epôdus_, introduction of, iv. 89.

_Epyaxa_, and Cyrus the Younger, ix. 18.

_Eræ_, revolt of, from Athens, vii. 375.

_Erasinides_, trial and imprisonment of, viii. 180.

_Eratosthenês_, viii. 248, 272, 292.

_Erechtheion_, restoration of, vi. 21.

_Erechtheus_, i. 191 _seq._, 198, 204.

_Eresus_, Thrasyllus at, viii. 101.

_Eretria_, iii. 164 _seq._, 170 _seq._;
assistance of, to the Milesians, iv. 290;
siege and capture of, by Datis, iv. 331 _seq._;
fate of captives taken by Datis at, iv. 362;
naval defeat of the Athenians near viii. 71 _seq._;
Phokion at, xi. 339 _seq._;
Philippizing faction at, xi. 449;
liberation of, xi. 452.

_Ergoklês_, ix. 368 _n._ 1.

_Ergophilus_, x. 369 _seq._

_Erichthonius_, i. 192, 196, 285.

_Eriphylê_, i. 272 _seq._

_Erôs_, i. 4;
and Aphrodite, function of, i. 5.

_Erytheia_, i. 249.

_Erythræ_, iii. 187, vii. 371.

_Eryx_, defeat of Dionysius at, xi. 46.

_Eryxô_ and Learchus, iv. 43.

_Eteokles_, i. 128, 267, 280.

_Eteonikus_, expulsion of, from Thasos, viii. 127;
at Mitylênê, viii. 170;
escape of, from Mitylênê to Chios, viii. 174, 190;
at Chios, viii. 211;
removal of, from Chios to Ephesus, viii. 213;
in Ægina, ix. 372, 375.

_Ethiopians_ and Egyptians, iii. 313.

_Etruria_, plunder of, by Dionysius, xi. 25.

_Euæphnus_ and Polycharês, ii. 426.

_Eubœa_, iii. 163 _seq._;
resolution of Greeks to oppose Xerxes at the strait on the north of,
v. 71;
advance of the Persian fleet to, v. 102;
revolt and reconquest of, by Periklês, v. 349;
application from, to Agis, vii. 364;
revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 411, viii. 73;
Peloponnesian fleet summoned from, by Mindarus, viii. 111;
bridge joining Bœotia and, viii. 112, 118;
rescued from Thebes by Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 216 _seq._;
revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 350-349, xi. 339 _seq._;
intrigues of Philip in, xi. 339;
expedition of Phokion to, B. C. 342, xi. 340 _seq._;
hostilities in, B. C. 349-348, xi. 345;
Philippizing factions in, B. C. 342, xi. 449;
expedition of Phokion to, B. C. 341, xi. 452.

_Eubœa in Sicily_, v. 215.

_Euboic scale_, ii. 319, 324, iii. 171.

_Euboic synod_, xi. 453.

_Eubulus_, xi. 277, 308, 366, 368, 394.

_Eudamidas_, x. 58, 65.

_Euemerus’s_ treatment of mythes, i. 411.

_Euenus_, i. 112.

_Eukleides_, archonship of, viii. 280, 309.

_Eukles_, vi. 407, 409, 413 _seq._

_Eumachus_, xii. 438, 439.

_Eumelus of Bosporus_, xii. 481 _seq._

_Eumelus the poet_, i. 120 _seq._

_Eumenes_, xii. 74;
and Hephæstion, xii. 246;
and Perdikkas, xii. 320;
victory of, over Kraterus and Neoptolemus, xii. 336 _seq._;
attempts of, to uphold Alexander’s dynasty in Asia, xii. 340 _seq._;
and Antigonus, xii. 337.

_Eumenides_, Æschylus’s, and the Areopagus, iii. 80 _n._

_Eumolpus_, i. 202 _seq._

_Eunomus_, ix. 374.

_Eupatridæ_, iii. 72 _seq._

_Euphaes_, ii. 426.

_Euphemus_, speech of, at Kamarina, vii. 231.

_Euphiletus_ and Melêtus, vii. 204.

_Euphræus_, xi. 206, 448.

_Euphrates_, Cyrus the Younger at, ix. 31;
the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 103;
Alexander at, xii. 150, 250.

_Euphron_, x. 269 _seq._

_Euripides_, faults imputed to, i. 389 _seq._;
story about the dramas of, and the Athenian prisoners in Sicily,
vii. 346;
number of tragedies by, viii. 319 _n._;
Æschylus and Sophokles, viii. 322 _seq._;
and Dekamnichus, x. 47.

_Euripides_, financial proposal of, ix. 380 _n._

_Euripus_, bridge across, viii. 112, 118.

_Eurôpa_, i. 218 _seq._, 527.

_Eurotas_, crossed by Epaminondas, x. 218.

_Euryalus_, Hamilkar’s attempt on, xii. 423.

_Eurybatês_, v. 49.

_Eurybiades_, v. 75, 120 _seq._

_Eurydike_, widow of Amyntas, x. 250.

_Eurydike_, granddaughter of Philip, xii. 333, 334, 337.

_Euryleon_, v. 207.

_Eurylochus_, vi. 301, 302, 304, 305.

_Eurymedon_, victories of the, v. 308.

_Eurymedon_ at Korkyra, vi. 274 _seq._;
and Sophokles, expedition of, to Korkyra and Sicily, vi. 316 _seq._,
360 _seq._;
at Pylus, vi. 322 _seq._, 333;
expeditions of, to Sicily, vii. 133, 136, 287;
return of, from Sicily to Athens, vii. 139.

_Eurynomê_ and Zeus, offspring of, i. 10.

_Euryptolemus_, viii. 177 _n._, 184, 197, 200 _seq._

_Eurypylus_, i. 301.

_Eurystheus_, i. 91, 92, 93, 94.

_Eurytos_, i. 139, 151.

_Eurytus_, v. 94.

_Eutæa_, Agesilaus at, B. C. 370, x. 211.

_Euthydemus_, Plato’s, viii. 392 _n._

_Euthykrates_ and Lasthenes, xi. 351, 352.

_Euxine_, Greek settlements on, iii. 236; iv. 27, ix. 121;
first sight of, by the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 111;
indigenous tribes on, ix. 122;
the Greeks on, and the Ten Thousand, ix. 123 _seq._;
Xenophon’s idea of founding a new city on the, ix. 132 _seq._

_Evadnê_, i. 278.

_Evagoras_, ix. 364, 374, x. 14 _seq._

F.

_Family_ tie, in legendary Greece, ii. 83;
rites in Greece, iii. 51.

_Fates_, i. 7;
and Crœsus, iv. 195 _seq._

_Ferdousi_, Persian epic of, i. 641.

_Festivals_, Grecian, i. 51, ii. 228, iv. 53, 67 _seq._, 71 _seq._;
at Athens, viii. 324.

_Fiction_, plausible, i. 435; ii. 51.

_Fictitious_ matter in Greek tradition, i. 433.

_Financial changes_, Kleisthenean, iv. 137.

_Five Thousand_, the, at Athens, viii. 31, 54 _n._, 61, 75 _n._ 1,
78 _seq._

_Flaying alive_ by Persians and Turks, iv. 293 _n._ 2.

_Fleece, Golden_, legend of, i. 123.

_Flute_, use of, in Sparta, iv. 87.

_Fortification_ of towns in early Greece, ii. 108 _seq._;
of the Grecian camp in the Iliad, ii. 186.

_Four Hundred_, the oligarchy of, viii. 30 _seq._

_Frenzy_, religious, of women, i. 30 _seq._

_Funeral_ ceremony at Athens over slain warriors, vi. 31;
orations, besides that of Periklês, vi. 142 _n._;
obsequies of Hephæstion, xii. 252, 254.

_Funerals_, Solon’s regulations about iii. 140.

G.

_Gadês_, iii. 271 _seq._;
voyage from Corinth to, in the seventh and sixth centuries B. C.,
iii. 277.

_Gæa_, i. 4, 6, 9.

_Gæsylus_, xi. 116.

_Games_, Olympic, i. 100, ii. 241 _seq._, 317 _seq._, iv. 55 _seq._;
Isthmian, i. 124, ii. 306 _n._ 1, iv. 65;
the four great Grecian, ii. 240, iv. 67, 80 _seq._;
Solon’s rewards to victors at, iii. 141;
Pythian, iv. 58, 64 _seq._;
Nemean, iv. 65.

_Gamori_, iii. 30;
at Syracuse, v. 206.

_Gargaphia_, fountain of, v. 165 _n._ 3.

_Gaugamela_, battle of, xii. 155 _seq._

_Gauls_, embassy of, to Alexander, xii. 28;
invasion of Greece by, xii. 390.

_Gaza_, capture of, by Alexander, xii. 142 _seq._

_Gedrosia_, Alexander in, xii. 200, 236.

_Gela_, v. 208; and Syracuse, before B. C. 500, v. 204;
Kleander of, v. 208;
Gelo, despot of, v. 213 _seq._;
congress of Sicilian cities at, vii. 137;
and Hannibal’s capture of Selinus, x. 408;
expeditions of Dionysius to, x. 438, 439, 447 _seq._;
capture of, by Imilkon, x. 447 _seq._;
Timoleon and the fresh colonization of, xi. 187;
Agathokles at, xii. 408.

_Geleontes_, iii. 51.

_Gelo_, v. 67, 204-239.

_Gelôni_, iii. 244.

_Gelonian_ dynasty, fall of, v. 233;
citizens of Syracuse, v. 234 _seq._

_Genealogies_, Grecian, i. 80 _seq._, 448;
Argeian, i. 81, mythical, i. 191, 445 _seq._;
Egyptian, i. 448;
Clinton’s vindication of, ii. 37 _seq._

_Genealogy_, Corinthian, of Eumelus, i. 120 _seq._;
of Orchomenos, i. 127 _seq._;
Eleian, i. 139;
Ætolian, i. 143;
Laconian, i. 168;
Messênian i. 171;
Arcadian, i. 173.

_Generals_, Kleisthenean, iv. 136.

_Gentes_, Attic, iii. 53 _seq._, 66 _seq._;
analogy between those of Greece and other nations, iii. 58 _seq._;
Grecian, patronymic names of, iii. 63;
difference between Grecian and Roman, iii. 65;
non-members of, under Solon, iii. 133.

_Geographical_ knowledge, Hesiodic and Homeric, ii. 114;
views of Alexander, xii. 232 _n._ 1.

_Geography_, fabulous, i. 245 _seq._;
Homeric, iii. 204;
of the retreat of the Ten Thousand, ix. 115 _seq._

_Geological_ features of Greece, ii. 215.

_Geomori_, iii. 30, 72.

_Gergis_, iii. 197;
Derkyllidas at, ix. 212.

_Gergithes_, iii. 197.

_German_ progress brought about by violent external influences,
i. 463;
mythes, i. 464.

_Gerontes_, ii. 66.

_Geronthræ_, conquest of, ii. 419.

_Geryôn_, i. 7, 249.

_Getæ_, Alexander’s defeat of, xii. 24.

_Gigantes_, birth of, i. 5, 9 _n._

_Gillus_, iv. 258.

_Giskon_, x. 401, 403 _n._, xi. 180.

_Glaukæ_, xii. 230.

_Glauke_, i. 117.

_Glaukon_, discourse of, in Plato’s Republic, viii. 391.

_Glaukus_, i. 224.

_Gnomic_, Greek poets, iv. 90 _seq._

_Gnomon_, whence obtained by the Greeks, iii. 345.

_Goddesses_, and gods, twelve great, i. 10.

_Gods_, Grecian, how conceived by the Greeks, i. 3 _seq._, 347 _seq._;
and dæmons, i. 425 _seq._;
and men, i. 449.

_Golden Fleece_, legend of, i. 123.

_Golden race_, the, i. 65.

_Gongylus_, the Corinthian, vii. 265, 271.

_Good_, etc., meaning of, in early Greek writers, ii. 64;
double sense of the Greek and Latin equivalents of, iii. 45 _n._ 4.

_Gordian knot_, Alexander cuts the, xii. 104.

_Gordium_, Alexander’s march from, xii. 111.

_Gordius_, legend of, iii. 217.

_Gorgias_ of Leontini, vii. 128, 132, viii. 369, 382.

_Gorgons_, i. 90.

_Gorgôpas_ at Ægina, ix. 373 _seq._

_Government_ of historical and legendary Greece, ii. 60 _seq._;
heroic, ii. 75;
earliest changes of, in Greece, iii. 4 _seq._;
kingly, iii. 5 _seq._;
change from monarchical to oligarchical in Greece, iii. 15 _seq._

_Governments_, Grecian, weakness of, iv. 152.

_Graces_, the, i. 10.

_Grææ_, i. 7.

_Græci_, ii. 269.

_Græcia_ Magna, iii. 399.

_Græco-Asiatic_ cities, xii. 271.

_Granikus_, battle of the, xii. 80 _seq._;
Athenians captured at the, xii. 105.

_Graphê Paranomôn_, v. 375 _seq._;
abolition of, B. C. 411, viii. 36.

_Grecian_ mythes, i. 51, 426 _seq._;
genealogies, i. 80 _seq._;
mythology, sources of our information on, i. 106;
intellect, expansive force of, i. 362;
progress between B. C. 700 and 500, i. 365 _seq._;
antiquity, i. 445, 448; genealogies, i. 447;
townsman, intellectual acquisitions of a, i. 458;
poetry, matchless, i. 463;
progress self-operated, i. 463;
mythology, how it would have been affected by the introduction of
Christianity, B. C. 500, i. 467;
mythes, proper treatment of, i. 487 _seq._;
computation of time, ii. 115 _n._ 2;
festivals, intellectual influence of, ii. 228;
history, first and second periods of, ii. 270 _seq._, iv. 52;
opinion, change in, on the decision of disputes by champions,
ii. 451;
states, growing communion of, between B. C. 600 and 547, ii. 461;
“faith”, iii. 115;
settlements on the Euxine, iii. 236;
marine and commerce, growth of, iii. 336;
colonies in Southern Italy, iii. 374 _seq._;
world about 560 B. C., iii. 398;
history, want of unity in, iv. 51, 52;
games, influence of, upon the Greek mind, iv. 70 _seq._;
art, beginnings and importance of, iv. 98 _seq._;
architecture, iv. 99;
governments, weakness of, iv. 152;
world, in the Thirty years’ truce, vi. 47;
and barbarian military feeling, contrast between, vi. 446;
youth, society and conversation of, vii. 33 _n._;
states, complicated relations among, B. C. 420, vii. 52, and
B. C. 366, x. 292;
philosophy, negative side of, viii. 345;
dialectics, their many-sided handling of subjects, viii. 454 _seq._;
states embassies from, at Pella, B. C. 346, xi. 404 _seq._;
captives, mutilated, at Persepolis, xii. 173;
history, bearing of Alexander’s Asiatic campaigns on,
xii. 179 _seq._;
mercenaries under Darius, xii. 183, 184, 188, 189;
envoys with Darius, xii. 189;
world, state of, B. C. 334, xii. 275;
exiles, Alexander’s rescript directing the recall of,
xii. 310 _seq._

_Greece_, legends of, originally isolated, afterwards thrown into
series, i. 105;
legendary and historical, state of society and manners in,
ii. 57-118;
subterranean course of rivers in, ii. 218;
difficulty of land communication in, ii. 220;
accessibility of, by sea, ii. 222;
islands and colonies of, ii. 224;
difference between the land-states and sea-states in, ii. 225;
effects of the configuration of, ii. 226 _seq._;
mineral and other productions of, ii. 229 _seq._;
climate of, ii. 232;
difference between the inhabitants of different parts of, ii. 233;
ante-Hellenic inhabitants of, ii. 261;;
discontinuance of kingship in, iii. 7;
anti-monarchical sentiment of, iii. 11 _seq._, iv. 176;
the voyage from, to Italy or Sicily, iii. 361;
seven wise men of, iv. 94 _seq._;
first advance of, towards systematic conjunction, iv. 174;
probable consequences of a Persian expedition against, before that
against Scythia, iv. 261 _seq._;
on the eve of Xerxes’s invasion, v. 57, 60;
first separation of, into two distinct parties, v. 262 _seq._, 290;
proceedings in central, between B. C. 470-464, v. 312;
state of feeling in, between B. C. 445-431, vi. 76;
bad morality of the rich and great in, vi. 284;
atmospherical disturbances in, B. C. 427, vi. 293;
warlike preparations in, during the winter of B. C. 414-413,
vii. 287;
alteration of feeling in, after the capture of Athens by Lysander,
viii. 259, 264, 275;
disgust in, at the Thirty at Athens, viii. 262;
degradation of, by the peace of Antalkidas, x. 2 _seq._, 10;
effect of the battle of Leuktra on, x. 184, 185, 193;
relations of Dionysius with, B. C. 382-369, xi. 44;
state of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 197;
decline of citizen-soldiership and increase of mercenaries in, after
the Peloponnesian war, xi. 280 _seq._;
effect of the peace and alliance between Philip and Athens upon,
xi. 430;
movements and intrigues of Philip throughout, after B. C. 346,
xi. 443 _seq._;
state of, on Alexander’s accession, xii. 1, 9 _seq._;
march of Alexander into, B. C. 336, xii. 11;
Macedonian interventions in, B. C. 336-335, xii. 16 _seq._;
terror in, on the destruction of Thebes by Alexander, xii. 43;
connection of Alexander with, history of, xii. 50 _seq._,
179 _seq._;
an appendage to Macedonia under Alexander, xii. 52;
military changes in, during the sixty years before Alexander’s
accession, xii. 53 _seq._;
possibility of emancipating, during Alexander’s earlier Asiatic
campaigns, xii. 276;
hopes raised in, by the Persian fleet and armies, B. C. 334-331,
xii. 276;
submission of, to Antipater, xii. 285;
effect of Alexander’s death on, xii. 311;
confederacy for liberating, after Alexander’s death,
xii. 311 _seq._;
Ptolemy of Egypt in, xii. 373;
success of Demetrius Poliorketes in, against Kassander, xii. 382;
under Demetrius Poliorketes and Antigonus Gonatas, xii. 390;
invasion of, by the Gauls, xii. 390;
of Polybius, xii. 391.

_Greece, Proper_, geography of, ii. 211 _seq._

_Greek_ forces against Troy, i. 289 _seq._;
language and the mythes, i. 351;
tradition, matter of, uncertified, i. 433;
language, various dialects of, ii. 238;
alphabet, origin of, iii. 344 _n._;
Latin and Oscan languages, iii. 354;
settlements, east of the Strymôn in Thrace, iv. 20;
settlements on the Euxine south of the Danube, iv. 27;
settlements in Libya, and the nomads, iv. 38;
cities, local festivals in, iv. 51, 67 _seq._;
lyric poetry, iv. 73, 90;
poetry about the middle of the seventh century B. C., iv. 74;
music, about the middle of the seventh century B. C., iv. 75;
poetry, after Terpander, iv. 77;
hexameter, new metres superadded to, iv. 79;
chorus, iv. 83, 87;
dancing, iv. 85;
mind, positive tendencies of, in the time of Herodotus,
iv. 105 _n._;
philosophy, in the sixth century B. C., 380 _seq._;
fleet at Artemisium, v. 79 _seq._, 83 _seq._;
fleet at Salamis, v. 111;
fleet at Mykalê, v. 193 _seq._;
fleet after the battle of Mykalê, v. 200 _seq._;
fleet, expedition of, against Asia, B. C. 478, v. 253;
generals and captains, slaughter of Cyreian, ix. 72 _seq._;
heroes, analogy of Alexander to the, xii. 71.

_Greeks_, return of, from Troy, i. 309 _seq._;
their love of antiquities, i. 353;
their distaste for a real history of the past, i. 359;
Homeric, ii. 92, 114;
in Asia Minor, ii. 235, iii. 212;
extra-Peloponnesian north of Attica in the first two centuries,
ii. 273 _seq._;
advance of, in government in the seventh and sixth centuries B. C.,
iii. 20;
musical modes of, iii. 212;
and Phenicians in Sicily and Cyprus, iii. 276;
contrasted with Egyptians, Assyrians, and Phenicians, iii. 304;
influence of Phenicians, Assyrians, and Egyptians on,
iii. 343 _seq._;
and Carthaginians, first known collision between, iii. 348;
Sicilian and Italian, monetary and statical scale of, iii. 369;
in Sicily, prosperity of, between B. C. 735-485, iii. 368 _seq._;
in Sicily and in Greece Proper, difference between, iii. 372;
Italian, between B. C. 700-500, iii. 392, 394, 398;
their talent for command over barbarians, iv. 17;
first voyage of, to Libya, iv. 29;
and Libyans at Kyrene, iv. 39;
political isolation of, iv. 51;
tendencies to political union among, after B. C. 560, iv. 52;
growth of union among, between B. C. 776-560, iv. 53;
rise of philosophy and dialectic among, iv. 96;
writing among, iv. 97;
Asiatic, after Cyrus’s conquest of Lydia, iv. 198;
Asiatic, application of, to Sparta, 546 B. C., iv. 199;
and Darius, before the battle of Marathon, iv. 315;
eminent, liable to be corrupted by success, iv. 375 _seq._;
and Persians, religious conception of history common to, v. 11;
northern, and Xerxes, v. 64, 69;
confederate, engagement of, against such as joined Xerxes, v. 70;
effect of the battle of Thermopylæ on, v. 105 _seq._;
and the battle of Salamis, v. 121 _seq._;
Medising, and Mardonius, v. 148;
Medising, at Platæa, v. 161;
at Platæa, v. 163 _seq._;
at Mykalê, v. 194 _seq._;
Asiatic, first step to the ascendancy of Athens over, v. 200;
Sicilian, early governments of, v. 206;
Sicilian, progress of, between the battle of Salamis and Alexander,
v. 241;
allied, oppose the fortification of Athens, v. 243 _seq._, 246;
allied, transfer the headship from Sparta to Athens, B. C. 477,
v. 260 _seq._;
allied, Aristeides assessment of, v. 263;
allied, under Athens, substitute money-payment for personal service,
v. 298 _seq._;
effect of the Athenian disaster in Sicily upon, vii. 363;
and Tissaphernes, Alkibiades acts as interpreter between,
viii. 4 _seq._;
Asiatic, surrender of, by Sparta to Persia, ix. 205;
Asiatic, and Cyrus the Younger, ix. 206;
Asiatic, and Tissaphernes, ix. 207;
the Ten Thousand, their position and circumstances, ix. 11;
Ten Thousand, at Kunaxa, ix. 42 _seq._;
Ten Thousand, after the battle of Kunaxa, ix. 52 _seq._;
Ten Thousand, retreat of, ix. 56-121, 181 _seq._;
Ten Thousand, after their return to Trapezus, ix. 121-180;
Asiatic, their application to Sparta for aid against Tissaphernes,
ix. 207;
in the service of Alexander in Asia, xii. 74;
unpropitious circumstances for, in the Lamian war, xii. 334;
Italian, pressed upon by enemies from the interior, xii. 394.

_Gurylls_, death of, x. 335.

_Guilds_, Grecian deities of, i. 344;
German and early English, iii. 60 _n._ 2;
compared with ancient political associations, viii. 16 _n._ 2.

_Gyges_, i. 5, iii. 219 _seq._

_Gylippus_, expedition of, to Syracuse, vii. 242, 265 _seq._,
275 _seq._, 298 _seq._, 323, 330 _seq._

_Gylon_, father of Kleobulê, the mother of Demosthenes,
xi. 261 _n._ 1.

_Gymnêsii_, iii. 35.

_Gyndês_, distribution of, into channels by Cyrus, iv. 212.

H.

_Hadês_, i. 6 _seq._, 7, 9.

_Hæmôn_ and Antigonê, i. 276.

_Haliartus_, Lysander at, ix. 294.

_Halikarnassus_, ii. 31, iii. 201;
capture of, by Alexander, xii. 94 _seq._

_Halonnesus_, dispute between Philip and the Athenians about,
xi. 449 _seq._

_Halys_, the, 207.

_Hamilkar_, defeat and death of, at Himera, v. 222 _seq._

_Hamilkar_, collusion of, with Agathokles, xii. 401;
superseded in Sicily by another general of the same name, xii. 403.

_Hamilkar_, victory of, at the Himera, xii. 408 _seq._;
attempt of, upon Syracuse, xii. 422;
defeat and death of, xii. 424.

_Hannibal_, expeditions of, to Sicily, x. 402-415, 421 _seq._

_Hanno_, silly fabrication of, xi. 158.

_Harmodius_ and Aristogeitôn, iv. 111 _seq._

_Harmosts_, Spartan, ix. 189 _seq._, 197, 201.

_Harpagus_, iv. 202, 207.

_Harpalus_, xii. 240, 294 _seq._

_Harpies_, the, i. 1, 266.

_Hêbê_, i. 10.

_Hectôr_, i. 286, 297.

_Hegemony_, Athenian, v. 291 _seq._

_Hegesippus_, xi. 446.

_Hegesistratus_, iv. 118, v. 191, xii. 90, 91.

_Hekabê_, i. 286.

_Hekatæus_ on Geryôn, i. 249;
on the Argonauts, i. 253;
and the mythes, i. 391;
and the Ionic revolt, iv. 284, 296.

_Hekatompylus_, Alexander at, xii. 188.

_Hekatoncheires_, the, i. 4, 5.

_Hekatonymus_ and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 129 _seq._

_Helen_, i. 161, 168, 169;
necklace of, i. 282;
and Paris, i. 287;
and Achilles, i. 294;
various legends of, i. 305 _seq._

_Helenus_ and Andromachê, i. 305.

_Heliæa_, iii. 128 _n._, iv. 137, 141 _seq._

_Heliasts_, iv. 141.

_Helikê_, destruction of, x. 157.

_Helios_, i. 6, 344.

_Helixus_, viii. 133.

_Hellanikus_, his treatment of mythes, i. 390;
contrasted with Saxo Grammaticus and Snorro Sturleson, i. 468.

_Hellas_, division of, i. 100;
proper, ii. 212;
mountain systems of, ii. 212 _seq._;
islands and colonies of, ii. 224;
most ancient, ii. 268;
first historical manifestation of, as an aggregate body, iv. 318.

_Hellê_ and Phryxus, i. 123.

_Hellên_ and his sons, i. 99 _seq._