Chapter XLII: Section 2: shows that it was Frick and Hitler, the signers of the decree, (3)

“According to reports of reliable witnesses Gauleiter Streicher
is in the habit of pointing out on the most varied occasions
that he alone gives orders in the district of Franconia. For
instance, at a meeting in the Colosseum in Nurnberg in 1935 he
said that nobody could remove him from office. In a meeting at
Herkules Hall, where he described how he had beaten Professor
Steinruck, he emphasized that he would not let himself be beaten
by anybody, not even by an Adolf Hitler.

“For, this also must be stated here, in Franconia the Gau acts
first and then orders the absolutely powerless authorities to
approve.” (_1757-PS_)

That report shows the kind of treatment and persecution which the Jews were receiving in the Gau over which Streicher ruled. It further shows the absolute authority with which Streicher acted in his district.

As a result either of that investigation or of some other matter, Streicher was relieved of his position as Gauleiter in February 1940, but he did not cease from propaganda or from control of his newspaper. In an article written in “_Der Stuermer_,” on 4 November 1943, Streicher declared:

“It is really the truth that the Jews, so to speak, have
disappeared from Europe and that the Jewish reservoir of the
East, from which the Jewish plague has for centuries beset the
peoples of Europe, has ceased to exist. However, the Fuehrer of
the German people at the beginning of the war prophesied what
has now come to pass.” (_1965-PS_).

That article, signed by Streicher, shows that he had knowledge of the Jewish exterminations which were going on in the East. Streicher’s article was written in November 1943. In April 1943 the Warsaw ghetto was destroyed. Between April 1942 and April 1944 more than 1,700,000 Jews were killed in Auschwitz and Dachau. It seems clear from this article that Streicher knew what was happening, perhaps not the details, but the fact that Jews were being exterminated.

(4) _Perversion of Youth._

Streicher paid particular attention to the instruction and perversion of the children and youth of Germany. He was not content with inciting the German population. He started to poison the minds of the children at school at the earliest possible date. He continually emphasized the need for teaching children anti-semitism. In a speech as early as June 1925 Streicher said:

“I repeat, we demand the transformation of the school into a
national German institution of education. If we let German
children be taught by German teachers, then we shall have laid
the foundations for the national German school. This national
German school must teach racial doctrine.”

* * * * * *

“We demand, therefore, the introduction of racial doctrine into
the school.” (_M-30_)

The “_Fraenkische Tageszeitung_” of 19 March 1934 reports Streicher’s address at a girls’ school at Preisslerstrasse:

“Then Julius Streicher spoke about his life and told them about
a girl who at one time went to his school and who fell for a Jew
and was finished for the rest of her life.” (_M-43_)

Every summer in Nurnberg a youth celebration was held. At this pagan rite the youth of Nurnberg were rallied, organized, and incited, encouraged by Streicher. Streicher’s speech to the Hitler Youth on the “Holy Mountain” near Nurnberg on 22 June 1935 contained the following statements:

“Boys and girls, look back to a little more than 10 years ago. A
great war—the World War—had whirled over the peoples of the
earth and had left in the end a heap of ruins. Only one people
remained victorious in this dreadful war, a people of whom
Christ said its father is the devil. That people had ruined the
German nation in body and soul. Then Adolf Hitler, unknown to
anybody, arose from among the people and became the voice which
called to a holy war and battle. He cried to the people for
everybody to take courage again and to rise and get a helping
hand to take the devil from the German people, so that the human
race might be free again from these people that have wandered
about the world for centuries and millenia, marked with the sign
of Cain.

“Boys and girls, even if they say that the Jews were once the
chosen people, do not believe it, but believe us when we say
that the Jews are not a chosen people. Because it cannot be that
a chosen people should act among the peoples as the Jews do
today.” (_M-1_)

A report of Streicher’s address to 2,000 children at Nurnberg at Christmas-time, 1936, states:

“‘Do you know who the Devil is,’ he asked his breathlessly
listening audience. ‘The Jew, the Jew,’ resounded from a
thousand children’s voices.” (_M-44_)

Streicher was not content with writing and talking. He issued a book for teachers, written by one Fink and published from the “_Der Stuermer_” offices, called “The Jewish Question and School Instruction.” This book emphasizes the necessity of anti-semitic teaching in schools, and suggests ways in which the subject can be introduced and handled. The preface, written by Streicher, reads in part as follows:

“The National Socialist state brought fundamental changes into
all spheres of life of the German people.

“It has also presented the German teacher with some new tasks.
The National Socialist state demands that its teachers instruct
German children in social questions. As far as the German people
is concerned the racial question is a Jewish question. Those who
want to teach the child all about the Jew must themselves have a
thorough knowledge of the subject.

“Those who take to heart all that has been written with such
feeling by Fritz Fink, who for many years has been greatly
concerned about the German people, will be grateful for the
creator of this outwardly insignificant publication.” (_M-46_).

The preface is signed by Julius Streicher, City of the Reich
Party Rallies, Nurnberg, in the year 1937.

The introduction to this book reads as follows:

“Racial and Jewish questions are the fundamental problems of the
National Socialist ideology. The solution of these problems will
secure the existence of National Socialism and with this the
existence of our nation for all time. The enormous significance
of the racial question is recognized almost without exception
today by all the German people. In order to attain this
recognition our people had to travel through a long road of
suffering.

“No one should be allowed to grow up in the midst of our people
without this knowledge of the monstrous character and
dangerousness of the Jew.” (_M-46_).

A later passage in the book contains this statement:

“One who has reached this stage of understanding will inevitably
remain an enemy of the Jews all his life and will instill this
hatred into his own children.” (_M-46_).

“_Der Stuermer_” also published some children’s books. Although Streicher himself did not write the books, they were published from his publishing business, and they are on the same line of everything else published and issued from that business. Among these books was one entitled “Don’t trust the Fox in the green meadow nor the Jew on his oath.” It is a picture book for children. The pictures all depict Jews in an offensive light. And opposite each picture there is a little story. For instance, opposite one picture, which portrays an unpleasant-looking Jewish butcher cutting up meat, there appears the following comment:

“The Jewish butcher: he sells half refuse instead of meat. A
piece of meat lies on the floor; the cat claws another. This
doesn’t worry the Jew butcher since the meat increases in
weight. Besides one mustn’t forget he won’t have to eat it
himself.” (_M-32_).

The story opposite another picture reads as follows:

“Jesus Christ says ‘The Jew is a murderer through and through’.
And when Christ had to die the Lord didn’t know any other people
who would have tortured Him to death so he chose the Jews. That
is why the Jews pride themselves on being the chosen people.”
(_M-32_).

Other pictures in this book portray: a girl being led away by an evil-appearing Jew; Streicher smiling benignly at a children’s party, greeting the little children; children looking at copies of “_Der Stuermer_” posted on a wall; Jewish children being taken away from an Aryan school by an unpleasant-looking father, with all the Aryan children shouting and dancing and enjoying the fun very much (_M-32_).

Another book, called “The Poisonous Fungus,” is very similar in character and appearance, and likewise calculated to poison the minds of readers. One of the pictures in this book shows a girl sitting in a Jewish doctor’s waiting room. The story that goes with this picture is not a very pleasant story, but it is only by adverting to these matters that it becomes possible to believe the kind of education which German children received from Streicher. The story reads as follows:

“Inge sits in the reception room of the Jew doctor. She has to
wait a long time. She looks through the journals which are on
the table. But she is much too nervous to read even a few
sentences. Again and again she remembers the talk with her
mother. And again and again her mind reflects on the warnings of
her leader of the League of German Girls: ‘A German must not
consult a Jew doctor. And particularly not a German girl. Many a
girl that went to a Jew doctor to be cured, found disease and
disgrace!’

“When Inge had entered the waiting room, she experienced an
extraordinary incident. From the doctor’s consulting room she
could hear the sound of crying. She heard the voice of a young
girl: ‘Doctor, doctor, leave me alone!’

“Then she heard the scornful laughing of a man. And then, all of
a sudden, it became absolutely silent. Inge had listened
breathlessly.

“‘What may be the meaning of all this?’ she asked herself and
her heart was pounding. And again she thought of the warning of
her leader in the League of German Girls.

“Inge was already waiting for an hour. Again she takes the
journals in an endeavor to read. Then the door opens. Inge looks
up. The Jew appears. She screams. In terror she drops the paper.
Horrified she jumps up. Her eyes stare into the face of the
Jewish doctor. And this face is the face of the devil. In the
middle of this devil’s face is a huge crooked nose. Behind the
spectacles two criminal eyes. And the thick lips are grinning, a
grinning that expresses: ‘Now I got you at last, you little
German girl!’

“And then the Jew approaches her. His fleshy fingers stretch out
after her. But now Inge has composed herself. Before the Jew can
grab hold of her, she smacks the fat face of the Jew doctor with
her hand. One jump to the door. Breathlessly Inge runs down the
stairs. Breathlessly she escapes the Jew house.” (_1778-PS_).

Another photograph shows youthful admirers standing around looking at Streicher’s picture, with the following commentary:

“‘Without a solution of the Jewish question there will be no
salvation for mankind.’ That is what he shouted to us. All of us
could understand him. And when, at the end, he shouted ‘_Sieg
Heil_’ for the Fuehrer, we all acclaimed him with tremendous
enthusiasm. For two hours Streicher spoke at that occasion. To
us it appeared to have been but a few minutes.” (_1778-PS_).

The effect of all this propaganda is evident from the columns of “_Der Stuermer_” itself. In April 1936 there was published a letter, which is typical of many others that appear in other copies from children of all ages. The third paragraph of this letter, signed by the boys and girls of the National Socialist Youth Hostel at Grossmuellen, reads:

“* * * Today we saw a play on how the devil persuades the Jew to
shoot a conscientious National Socialist. In the course of the
play the Jew did it too. We all heard the shot. We would have
all liked to jump up and arrest the Jew. But then the policeman
came and after a short struggle took the Jew along. You can
imagine, dear _Stuermer_, that we heartily cheered the
policeman. In the whole play not one name was mentioned, but we
all knew that this play represented the murder by the Jew
Frankfurter. We were very sick when we went to bed that night.
None felt like talking to the others. This play made it clear to
us how the Jew sets to work.” (_M-25_).

C. _STREICHER’S USE OF HIS AUTHORITY AS GAULEITER IN THE SERVICE OF THE
CONSPIRACY._

Streicher’s authority as a Gauleiter was extensive. The Organization Book of the NSDAP for 1938 describes the duties and authority of Gauleiters as follows:

“The Gauleiter bears over-all responsibility for the Fuehrer for
the sector of sovereignty entrusted to him. The rights, duties
and jurisdiction of the Gauleiter result primarily from the
mission assigned by the Fuehrer and, apart from that, from
detailed direction.” (_1814-PS_).

Streicher’s association with the Fuehrer and other Nazi conspirators may also be seen from the newspapers. On the occasion of Streicher’s 50th birthday, Hitler paid a visit to Nurnberg to congratulate him. The account of that meeting is published in the “_Voelkischer Beobachter_” of 13 February 1934 as follows:

“Adolf Hitler spoke to his old comrades in battle and to his
followers in words which went straight to their hearts. By way
of introduction he remarked that it was a special pleasure to be
present for a short while in Nurnberg, the town of the National
Socialist community which had been steeled in battle, at this
day of honor of Julius Streicher, and to be within the circle of
the standard bearers of the National Socialist idea during many
years.

“Just as they, all of them, had during the years of oppression
unshakeably believed in the victory of the movement, so his
friend and comrade in the battle, Streicher, had stood
faithfully at his side at all times. It had been this
unshakeable belief that had moved mountains.

“For Streicher it would surely be a solemn thought, that this
50th anniversary meant not only the halfway point of a century,
but also of a thousand years of German history to him. He had in
Streicher a companion of whom he could say that here in Nurnberg
was a man who would never waver for a single second and who
would unflinchingly stand behind him in every situation.”
(_M-8_).

A letter from Himmler, published in “_Der Stuermer_” of April 1937, declared:

“If in future years the history of the reawakening of the German
people is written, and if already the next generation will be
unable to understand that the German people was once friendly to
the Jews, it will be stated that Julius Streicher and his weekly
paper ‘_Der Stuermer_’ have contributed a great deal towards the
enlightenment regarding the enemy of humanity. “(Signed) For
the Reichsfuehrer SS, Himmler.” (_M-22_).

Finally, a letter from von Schirach, the Reich Youth Leader, published in “_Der Stuermer_” of January 1938, had this to say:

“It is the historical merit of ‘_Der Stuermer_’ to have
enlightened the broad masses of our people in a popular way as
to the Jewish world danger. ‘_Der Stuermer_’ is right in
refusing to fulfill its task in the tone of the aesthetic
drawing room. Jewry has shown no regard for the German people.
We have, therefore, no cause to be considerate and to spare our
worst enemy. What we fail to do today our youngsters of tomorrow
will have to suffer for bitterly.” (_M-45_).

D. _CONCLUSION._

It may be that Streicher is less directly involved in the physical commission of the crimes against Jews than some of his coconspirators. The submission of the Prosecution is that his crime is no less worse for that reason. No government in the world, before the Nazis came to power, could have embarked upon and put into effect a policy of mass Jewish extermination in the way in which they did, without having a people who would back them and support them, and without having a large number of people who were prepared to carry out the murder themselves. (See