Chapter V: Part 5

s. 7. “And be it further enacted, That the Clerk of Assize,
Clerk of the Peace, or other Clerk or Officer of the Court
having the Custody of the Records where any Offender shall
have been convicted of having composed, printed, or published
any blasphemous or seditious Libel, shall, upon Request of
the Prosecutor on His Majesty’s Behalf, make out and give a
Certificate in Writing, signed by him, containing the Effect and
Substance only (omitting the formal Part) of every Indictment
and Conviction of such Offender to the Justices of Assize, Oyer
and Terminer, Great Sessions, or Gaol Delivery, where such
Offender or Offenders shall be indicted for any Second Offence of
composing, printing, or publishing any blasphemous or seditious
Libel, for which Certificate Six Shillings and Eight-pence and
no more shall be paid, and which Certificate shall be sufficient
Proof of the Conviction of such Offender.

s. 8. “And be it further enacted, That any Action and Suit which
shall be brought or commenced against any Justice or Justices of
the Peace, Constable, Peace Officer, or other Person or Persons,
within that Part of _Great Britain_ called _England_, or in
_Ireland_, for any thing done or acted in pursuance of this Act,
shall be commenced within Six Calendar Months next after the Fact
committed, and not afterwards; and the Venue in every such Action
or Suit shall be laid in the proper County where the Fact was
committed, and not elsewhere; and the Defendant or Defendants in
every such Action or Suit may plead the General Issue, and give
this Act and the special Matter in Evidence at any Trial to be
had thereupon; and if such Action or Suit shall be brought or
commenced after the Time limited for bringing the same, or the
Venue shall be laid in any other Place than as aforesaid, then
the Jury shall find a Verdict for the Defendant or Defendants;
and in such Case, or if the Jury shall find a Verdict for the
Defendant or Defendants upon the Merits, or if the Plaintiff or
Plaintiffs shall become Nonsuit, or discontinue his, her, or
their Actions after Appearance, or if, upon Demurrer, Judgment
shall be given against the Plaintiff or Plaintiffs, the Defendant
or Defendants shall have Double Costs, which he or they shall and
may recover in such and the same Manner as any Defendant can by
Law in other Cases.

s. 9. “And be it further enacted, That every Action and Suit
which shall be brought or commenced against any Person or Persons
in _Scotland_, for any thing done or acted in pursuance of this
Act, shall in like Manner be commenced within Six Calendar Months
after the Fact committed, and not afterwards, and shall be
brought in the Court of Session in _Scotland_; and the Defender
or Defenders may plead that the Matter complained of was done in
pursuance of this Act, and may give this Act and the special
Matter in Evidence; and if such Action or Suit shall be brought
or commenced after the Time limited for bringing the same, then
the same shall be dismissed; and in such Case, or if the Defender
or Defenders shall be assoilzied, or the Pursuer or Pursuers
shall suffer the Action or Suit to fall asleep, or a Decision
shall be pronounced against the Pursuer or Pursuers upon the
Relevancy, the Defender or Defenders shall have Double Costs,
which he or they shall and may receive in such and the same
Manner as any Defender can by Law recover Costs or Expences in
other Cases.

s. 10. “Provided always, and be it further enacted, That nothing
in this Act contained shall be held or considered as in any
respect altering the Law or Practice of _Scotland_ regarding
the Punishment of Persons convicted of composing, printing,
publishing, or circulating any blasphemous or seditious
Libel.”--_See_ LIBELS.

BLOCKED-UP.

Letter is said to be blocked-up, when in the progress of a work it is all composed, and from any cause none of the forms can be worked to disengage part of it, in order to proceed. This may arise--from the Author not returning the proofs regularly--from the Reader not reading them for press--from a flush of presswork in other works--from the non-attendance or negligence of the pressmen--or from compositors, in a companionship, keeping each too much copy in his hands, whereby all the letter is composed before they join their matter. From whatever cause it arises it is a great detriment, and unhinges the regular train of work, and ought always to be avoided as much as possible.

The term is also applied when the Pressmen use too much ink in working a form; and when a form has been neglected to be washed, and the ink left to dry on the face--_It is blocked-up with ink._

BLOCKS, for stereotype printing, _see_ RISERS.

BOARD RACK.

A case made of strong deal boards, with broad ledges nailed on the inside of the two sides, to slide letter boards in: they are for the purpose of putting boards in with pages and jobs on; as the matter is safer and less likely to be broken, and more out of the way than when scattered about on bulks, and also takes up less room. The sizes are usually such as will admit demy and royal boards; but in houses where works on large paper are printed, they have board racks that will admit suitably larger boards.

BODKIN.

A piece of steel wire filed tapering to a point; the thick end being fixed in a short wooden handle. Its use is to pick wrong letters out of a page in correcting, in order to their being replaced by right ones. A fine hackle tooth makes the best bodkin, and the finer the point the better.

BODY.

The size of the shank of any type from the back of it to the front, or the square of the m quadrat: thus English Body, Pica Body, &c.--_M._ _See_ TYPES. TYPOGRAPHICAL POINTS.

BODY OF THE WORK.

The subject matter of a work is usually so termed, to distinguish it from the notes, the preface, introduction, contents, and index.

BOLSTER.

A piece of stout leather strap nailed to the near long rib of a wooden press, at the fore end, and padded under so as to raise it sufficiently high; its use is to check the running out of the carriage, by friction, at the proper place to permit the tympan to rise clear of the platen, when the pressmen are in a train of work, a similar piece being nailed under the carriage. In iron presses a bar projects between the ribs on which is secured an inclined plane of wood, and in some iron presses a spring is screwed on the near long rib for the purpose. It prevents the sudden jerk upon the back stay, and also upon the carriage when it is run out.

BOLTS.

The pieces of furniture that are placed between the head lines of the pages in a form of twelves, to form the margin at the head of the pages, are called _Bolts_.

The bolts are cut to the width of the page, so that the gutters go a little way between them, and secure the sides of the pages the whole length: I would recommend to the compositor to cut his bolts square at the ends, and of such a length that they shall go into the measure of his composing stick easily; he will thus prevent the folios or any letters at the extremities of the head lines falling down, as well as the bolts binding against the gutters.

BOOK HOUSE.

A printing office in which the printing of books is the chief business carried on: in many houses in London the materials for this purpose are most abundant; but at the same time they very rarely keep any great assortment of large type for jobs. _See_ JOB HOUSE.

BOOK PRESS.

The Book Press, in the warehouse department, used for pressing books previously to their delivery, is the common screw press with a perpendicular screw, screwed down by means of an iron bar; it is also used for pressing paper when wetted, for the purpose of improving its condition previously to the process of printing, and also in cylindrical or machine printing to cause the paper, and particularly large sheets, to lie flat, which are otherwise apt to wrinkle in being carried round the cylinders upon a flat surface. In large establishments Bramah’s hydrostatic press is generally used for these purposes, as being much more powerful and expeditious both in its use and in its effect. _See_ HYDROSTATIC PRESS.

BOOKS.

25 Hen. 8. c 15. intituled, “An Act for Printers and Binders of
Books.”

“‘Whereas by the Provision of a Statute made in the first Year
of the Reign of King _Richard_ the Third, it was provided in the
same Act, That all Strangers repairing into this Realm, might
lawfully bring into the said Realm printed and written Books,
to sell at their Liberty and Pleasure; (2) by Force of which
Provision there hath come to this Realm sithen the making of
the same, a marvellous Number at printed Books, and daily doth;
and the Cause of the making of the same Provision seemeth to be,
for that there were but few Books, and few Printers within this
Realm at that Time, which could well exercise and occupy the said
Science and Craft of Printing; nevertheless, sithen the making of
the said Provision, many of this Realm, being the King’s natural
Subjects, have given them so diligently to learn and exercise
the said Craft of Printing, that at this Day there be within
this Realm a great Number cunning and expert in the said Science
or Craft of Printing, as able to exercise the said Craft in all
Points, as any Stranger in any other Realm or Country: (3) And
furthermore, where there be a great Number of the King’s Subjects
within this Realm, which live by the Craft and Mystery of Binding
of Books, and that there be a great Multitude well expert in the
same, yet all this notwithstanding, there are divers Persons that
bring from beyond the Sea great Plenty of printed Books, not only
in the _Latin_ Tongue, but also in our maternal _English_ Tongue,
some bound in Boards, some in Leather, and some in Parchment,
and them sell by retail, whereby many of the King’s Subjects,
being Binders of Books, and having no other Faculty wherewith to
get their Living, be destitute of Work, and like to be undone,
except some Reformation herein be had:’ Be it therefore enacted
by the King our Sovereign Lord, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal,
and the Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by
Authority of the same, That the said Proviso, made in the first
Year of the said King Richard the Third, from the Feast of the
_Nativity_ of our Lord God next coming, shall be void and of none
Effect.

s. 4. “Provided alway, and be it enacted by the Authority
aforesaid, That if any of the said Printers or Sellers of printed
Books, inhabited within this Realm, at any Time hereafter happen
in such wise to inhance or increase the Prices of any such
printed Books, in Sale or Binding, at too high and unreasonable
Prices, in such wise as Complaint be made thereof unto the King’s
Highness, or unto the Lord Chancellor, Lord Treasurer, or any
of the Chief Justices of the one Bench or of the other; that
then the same Lord Chancellor, Lord Treasurer, and two Chief
Justices, or two of any of them, shall have Power and Authority
to enquire thereof, as well by the Oaths of twelve honest and
discreet Persons, as otherwise by due Examination by their
Discretions. (2) And after the same inhancing and increasing of
the said Prices of the said Books and Binding shall be so found
by the said twelve Men, or otherwise by Examination of the said
Lord Chancellor, Lord Treasurer and Justices, or two of them;
that then the same Lord Chancellor, Lord Treasurer and Justices,
or two of them at the least, from Time to Time shall have Power
and Authority to reform and redress such inhancing of the Prices
of printed Books from Time to Time by their Discretions, and to
limit Prices as well of the Books as for the Binding of them; (3)
and over that the Offender or Offenders thereof being convict
by the Examination of the same Lord Chancellor, Lord Treasurer
and two Justices, or two of them, or otherwise, shall lose and
forfeit for every Book by them sold, whereof the Price shall be
inhanced for the Book or Binding thereof, three Shillings four
Pence; the one Half thereof shall be to the King’s Highness, and
the other Half to the Parties grieved that will complain upon the
same in Manner and Form before rehearsed.”

(_Sections_ 2. _&_ 3. _Repealed by_ 3 _Geo._ 4. _c._ 41. _s._ 2.)

By the Act 3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 52. s. 58. Books are absolutely
prohibited to be imported for Sale, being “first composed
or written or printed in the United Kingdom, and printed or
reprinted in any other Country, except Books not reprinted in the
United Kingdom within Twenty Years; or being Parts of Collections
the greater parts of which had been composed or written abroad.”

By the “Table of New Duties, 1834,” in 4 & 5 Will. 4. c. 89.,
the Customs Duties Inwards are for “Books in the Foreign living
Languages, being of Editions printed in or since the Year One
thousand eight hundred and one, bound or unbound, the cwt. 2_l._
10_s._”

2 & 3 Vict. c. 23. s. 1. Drawbacks on Excise Duty. “For every
Pound Weight Avoirdupois of printed Books in perfect and complete
Sets, or, if periodical Publications, in perfect Parts or
Numbers, and of blank, plain, or ruled Account Books, whether
bound or unbound, made of or printed or ruled on Paper made and
charged with Duty in the United Kingdom, and which shall be
exported as Merchandise, a Drawback of One Penny Halfpenny.”
_See_ PAPER.

BOOKS. (Ireland.) 4 Geo. 4. c 72. “An Act to repeal the several
Duties and Drawbacks of Customs, chargeable and allowable in
_Ireland_, on the Importation and Exportation of certain Foreign
and Colonial Goods, Wares, and Merchandize, and to grant other
Duties and Drawbacks in lieu thereof, equal to the Duties and
Drawbacks chargeable and allowable thereon in _Great Britain_.”

Duties of Customs on Goods, &c. imported into Ireland.

Duty.
Books, printed, or Manuscripts, _viz._ £ _s. d._
---- half-bound, or in any way bound, the Cwt. 6 10 0
---- unbound, the Cwt. 5 0 0
No Drawback.
The same Duties from the East Indies.

BOOKING.

The act of putting the different gatherings of a work together, in the warehouse, so as to make complete books. This is done by laying the gatherings in order upon a table, and, commencing with the first, taking them up in order; by adopting this method they are gathered under hand, as it may be termed, the succession being placed at the bottom as the person proceeds. The reverse of this method, is, however, to be preferred; to commence at the end of the work, and as the gathering is held in the hand, and rests on the arm, to lay the others upon it as they are taken up, so that in this way the commencement of the book will be the last to be gathered.

BOTANICAL AUTHORITIES,

with the Abbreviations by which they are generally referred to.

_A. & S._--Albertini and Schweinitz, Writers upon Fungi.

_Ab. China._--Abel (C.). A Voyage to China. 4to.

_Ab. Ins._--Abbott’s Natural History of the Insects of Carolina.
fol.

_Ac. Boh._--Abhandlungen einer Gesellschaft in Bœhmen, zur
Aufnahme der Mathematik, der Vaterlændischen Geschichte und der
Naturgeschichte. 8vo. _Pragæ_, 1775-1789.

_Ac. Bon._--De Bononiense Scientiarum et Artium Instituto,
Commentarii. 4to. _Bononiæ._ 7 vols. 1748--1791.

_Ach._--Acharius. A Swedish professor, and writer upon Lichens.

_Ac. Got._--Commentarii Societatis Regiæ Scientiarum
Gœttingensis. 4to. 1751. 1754. 1769. 1816.

_Ac. Haf._--Acta Literaria Universitatis Hafniensis. 1 vol. 4to.
_Hafniæ_, 1778.

_Ac. Hel._--Acta Helvetica Physico-mathematico-botanico-medica. 8
vols. 4to. _Basileæ_, 1757-1777.

_Ac. Hol._--Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. 8vo.
_Stockholm_, 1739-1816.

_Ac. Par._--Actes de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris.
fol. _Paris_, 1792.

_Ac. Pet._--Commentarii Academiæ Scientiarum Imperialis
Petropolitanæ. 14 vols. 4to. _Petropoli_, 1728-1751.

_Ac. St._--Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. 8vo.
_Stockholm_, 1739.

_Ac. Tou._--Histoire et Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des
Sciences, &c., de Toulouse. 3 vols. 4to. _Toulouse_, 1782. 1784.
1788.

_Ac. Up._--Acta Literaria et Scientiarum Upsaliæ publicata. 8vo.
1720-1816.

_Adams._--F. Adams. A Russian botanist, who travelled through
Arctic and Eastern Siberia.

_Adan._--Adanson. A French systematic botanist.

_Afz._--Afzelius. A Swedish professor.

_A. G._--_And. Ger._--Andrews (Henry). Coloured Engravings of
Geraniums. fol. _Lond._

_Ag._--Agardh. A Swedish professor, and writer upon Algæ, &c.

_Ag. Sven. Bot._--Aghardt, in Svensk Botanik. 9 vols. 8vo. 1804
to the present time.

_A. H._--_And. Hea._--Andrews (Henry). Coloured Engravings of
Heaths, with botanical descriptions. 3 vols. fol. _London_,
1802-1809.

_Ait._--Aiton. The superintendent of the King’s garden at Kew.

_Ait. Kew._--_Ait. Hort. Kew._--Aiton’s (William) Hortus
Kewensis; or a Catalogue of the Plants in the Royal Botanic
Garden at Kew. 5 vols.

_Al. Au._--Allioni (Carolus). Auctuarium ad Floram Pedemontanam.
1 fasc. 8vo. _Taurini_, 1789.

_Alb._--Albertini. A writer on Fungi.

_Alb. & Schw._--Albertini (J. B. de) and Schweinitz (L. D.
de). Conspectus Fungorum in Lusatiæ Superioris Agro Niskiensi
crescentium. 8vo. _Lipsiæ_, 1805.

_All._--Allioni. An Italian botanist.

_Al. Ped._--Allioni (Carolus). Flora Pedemontana. 3 vols. fol.
_Taurini_, 1785.

_Al. Tau._--Allioni (Carolus). Miscellanea
Philosophico-mathematica Societatis privatæ Taurinensis.

_Alp. Æg._--Alpinus (Prosper). De Plantis Ægypti liber. 4to.
_Venetiis_, 1592.

_Alp. Ex._--Alpinus (Prosper). De Plantis Exoticis libri duo.
4to. _Venetiis_, 1629.

_Am. Ac._--Linnæi Amœnitates Academicæ, seu Dissertationes
antehac seorsim editæ. 10 vols. 8vo. _Holmiæ et Lipsiæ_, 1749, et
seq.

_Am. Rut._--Ammann (Johan.). Stirpium rariorum in Imperio Rutheno
sponte provenientium Icones et Descriptiones. 4to. _Petrop._,
1739.

_Amans S._--Amans. Obs. in Recueil des Travaux de la Société
d’Agriculture d’Agens. 1 vol.

_Amm._--Ammann. An old Russian botanist.

_An. Bot._--Annals of Botany, by C. König and J. Sims. 2 vols.
8vo. _London_, 1805 and 1806.

_An. Mu._--Annales du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle. 24 vols. 4to.
_Paris_, 1802 to the present time.

_An. Wett._--Annalen der Wetteranischen Gesellschaft für die
gesammte Naturkunde.

_And. Ger._--Andrews (Henry). Coloured Engravings of Geraniums.
fol. _London._

_And. Heaths._--Andrews (Henry). Coloured Engravings of Heaths,
with botanical descriptions. 3 vols. fol. _London_, 1802-1809.

_And. Rep._--Andrews (Henry). The Botanist’s Repository for new
and rare Plants. 10 vols. 4to. _London_, 1797, et seq.

_Ander._--Anderson. A London merchant; published a paper on
Pæonies.

_Andr._--Andrews. A famous botanical draughtsman.

_Andrz._--Andrzejowski. A Russian botanist.

_Ard._--Arduini. An Italian botanist.

_Ard. M._--Arduini (Pietro). Memoria di Osservazioni e di
Sperienze sopra la Coltura e gli Usi di varie Piante. 4to.
_Padova_, 1766.

_Ard. Sag._--Arduini (Pietro), in Saggi dell’ Accad. de Padova. 2
vols.

_Ard. Sp._--Arduini (Pietro). Animadversionum Botanicarum
Specimen. 4to. _Patavii_, 1759.

_As. Res._--Asiatic Researches, or the Transactions of the
Society instituted in Bengal. 4to. _Calcutta_, 1788, &c.

_Asso._--Asso. A Spanish botanist.

_Asso Ar._--De Asso (Ignatius). Synopsis Stirpium indigenarum
Arragoniæ. 4to. _Marsilliæ_, 1779.

_Aub._--Aublet. A French traveller in Guiana.

_Aub. Gui._--Aublet (Fusée). Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane
Française. 4 vols. 4to. _London_, 1773.

_Aud._--Audibert. A French cultivator.

_B. C._--Botanical Cabinet. By Loddiges and Sons.

_B. M._--Botanical Magazine. By Curtis, Sims, &c.

_B. & W._--Bartling, M. D. and Wendland, of Göttingen, botanists.

_B. R._--Botanical Register. By Ker and Lindley.

_Bac._--Bacle. A German botanist?

_B. Rep._--Botanical Repository. By Andrews and others.

_Bal. Mis._--Balbis (Joh. Baptist.). Miscellanea Botanica. 4to.
1804.

_Bal. St._--Balbis (Joh. Baptist.). Horti Academici Taurinensis
Stirpium minus cognitarum aut forte novarum Icones et
Descriptiones. _Taurini_, 1810.

_Bal. Tic._--Balbis (Joh. Baptist.). Flora Ticinensis. 2 vols.
8vo. _Ticin._, 1816-1821.

_Balb._--Balbis. A French professor of botany.

_Baldw._--Baldwin, M. D. of Savannah in Georgia. A botanist.

_Banks._--Banks. A great traveller and patron of science.

_Banks K._--Banks (Josephus). Icones selectæ Plantarum quas in
Japonia collegit et delineavit E. Kæmpfer. fol. _London_, 1791.

_Bar. Fl._--Barton (W. P. C.). Flora of North America. 4to.

_Bar. Ic._--Barrelier (Jacobus). Plantæ per Galliam, Hispaniam,
et Italiam observatæ. fol. _Parisiis_, 1714.

_Barrl._--Barrelier. A French botanist.

_Bart._--Barton, M. D. Formerly a professor at Philadelphia.

_Bartr._--Bartram. Formerly a nurseryman at Philadelphia.

_Bartr. It._--Bartram (Will.). Travels through South and North
Carolina. 8vo. _Philadelphia_, 1791.

_Bast._--Bastard or Bâtard. A writer upon the Flora of France.

_Bast. J._--Bastard (T.), in Schrader’s Journal für die Botanik?

_Batarra._--Batarra (John Ant.). Fungorum Agri Ariminensis
Historia. 4to. _Faventiæ_, 1759.

_Batsch._--Batsch. A writer upon Fungi.

_Batsch Fun._--Batsch (Aug. Joh. Georg Carl). Elenchus Fungorum.
4to. _Halæ_, 1783-1789.

_Batt._--Battarra. Published a History of Fungi, 1789.

_Bau. His._--Bauhin (Johannes). Historia Plantarum universalis.
fol. 1651.

_Bau. Pin._--Bauhin (Caspar). Pinax Theatri Botanici. 4to.
_Basileæ_, 1623.

_Bau. Pr._--Bauhin (Caspar). Prodromus Theatri Botanici, in quo
plantæ supra 600 proponuntur. 4to. _Franc. Mœn._, 1620.

_Bauer N. H._--Bauer (Ferdin.). Illustrationes Floræ Novæ
Hollandiæ. fol. 1813.

_Baug._--J. C. Baumgarten, M. D. of Schasburgh, in Transylvania.
A botanist.

_Bauh._--Bauhin, brothers; professors of medicine, published
1620, 1650.

_Baum._--J. C. Baumgarten, M. D. of Schasburgh, in Transylvania.
A botanist.

_Beau. Ow._--Allioni. Palisot de Beauvois. Flore des Royaumes
d’Oware et de Benin. 2 vols. fol. _Paris_, 1805.

_Beaup._--Beaupret. A French botanist, mentioned in Dec. Systems.

_Beauv._--Palisot de Beauvois. A French traveller and botanist.

_Beauv. Gr._--Allioni. Palisot de Beauvois. Essai d’une nouvelle
Agrostograpbie. 8vo. _Paris_, 1812.

_Beauv. In. Ac. Am._--Allioni. Palisot de Beauvois. Transactions
of the American Philosophical Society. 4to. 3 vols.
_Philadelphia_, 1774-1793.

_Bedf._--Duke of Bedford. A great promoter of botany.

_Bel._--Bellardi. An Italian botanist.

_Bel. Tau._--Bellardi (Ludovico). Mémoires de l’Académie Royale
des Sciences de Turin. 4to. 1782.

_Benth._--Bentham. An English botanist, secretary to the
Horticultural Society, London.

_Berg._--Bergius. A Swedish writer upon Cape plants.

_Berg. C._--Bergius (Peter Jonas). Descriptiones Plantarum ex
Capite Bonæ Spei. 8vo. _Stockholm_, 1767.

_Berg. Ho._--Bergius (Peter Jonas), in Kongl. Vetenskaps
Academiens Handlingar. 8vo. _Stockholm_, 1739.

_Berger._--J. Bergeret, M. D. A French botanist.

_Berg. Ph._--Bergeret. Phytonomatotechnie universelle. 3 vols.
fol. _Paris._

_Ber. Mag._--Martini (Fried. Henr. Wilh.). Berlinisches Magazin,
oder gesammelte Schriften. 4 bänd. 8vo. _Berlin_, 1765-1767.

_Ber. Ph. Tr._--Bergius (P. J.), in Philosophical Transactions,
vol. for 1772. _London._

_Bernh._--Bernhardi. A German botanist.

_Bert._--Bertolini. A writer upon the Flora of Italy.

_Bes._--Besser. A Russian professor, resident in the Crimea.

_Bes. Eys._--Besler (Basilius). Hortus Eystettensis. 2 vols. fol.
_Nuremberg_, 1612.

_Bib. It._--Memorie di Matematica e Fisica della Societa
Italiana. 4to. _Verona_, 1782 and 1816.

_Bieb._--Bieberstein. A Russian botanist of great note.

_Bieb. Cen._--Bieberstein (Marschall von). Centuriæ Plantarum
rariorum Rossiæ Meridionalis. _Charkoviæ_. fol.

_Biv._--Bivona. A Sicilian botanist.

_Biv. Cen._--Bivona Bernardi (Antonin.). Sicularum Plantarum
Centuria prima. 8vo. _Panormi_, 1806.

_Biv. Sic._--Bivona Bernardi (Antonin.). Stirpium rariorum
minusque cognitarum in Sicilia provenientium Descriptiones. 4to.
1813.

_Black._--Blackwell (Eliz.). A curious Herbal, containing 600
cuts of the useful plants. 2 vols. fol. _London_, 1737.

_Blume._--Blume, M. D. A Dutch botanist.

_Boc. Mu._--Boccone (Paolo). Museo di Piante rare della Sicilia,
Malta, Corsica, Italia, Piemonte, e Germania. 4to. _Venetia_,
1697.

_Boc. Sic._--Boccone (Paolo). Icones et Descriptiones rariorum
Plantarum Siciliæ, Melitæ, Galliæ, et Italiæ. 4to. _Londini_,
1674.

_Boer._--Boerhaave. An old Dutch botanist.

_Böhm._--Böhmer. A German botanical writer.

_Bois._--Boissieu la Martinière, who accompanied La Peyrouse.

_Boj._--Bojer. A professor of botany in the Isle of France.

_Bol._--Bolton. An English writer on Fungi.

_Bolt. Fil._--Bolton (James). Filices Britanniæ. 4to. _London_,
1785-1790.

_Bolt. Pil._--Bolton (James). Geschichte der merkwürdigsten
Pilze. _Berlin_, 1795.

_Bon. Mon._--Bonpland (Aimé). Monographie des Melastomes et
Rhexes et autres Plantes de cet Ordre. fol. _Paris_, 1809.

_Bon. Nav._--Bonpland (Aimé). Description des Plantes rares
cultivés à Malmaison et à Navarre. fol. 1813.

_Bon. Rhex._--Bonpland (Aimé). Monographie des Melastomes et
Rhexes et autres Plantes de cet Ordre. fol. _Paris_, 1809.

_Bonp._--Bonpland. A French traveller in South America, and
botanist.

_Borc._--Borckhausen. A writer upon the Flora of Hesse Darmstadt.

_Bonam._--Bonamy (Franc.). Floræ Nannetensis Prodromus. 12mo.
_Nantes_, 1782.

_Bory._--Bory de St. Vincent. A French traveller and botanist.

_Bosc._--Bosc. A French botanist, and traveller in North America.

_Bot. Cab._--The Botanical Cabinet. By Conrad Loddiges and Sons.
14 vols. 12mo. and 4to, published monthly.

_Bot. Mag._--The Botanical Magazine. 8vo. 55 vols. _London_,
1787-1830.

_Bot. Mis._--Hooker (Will. Jackson). Botanical Miscellany. 2
parts, 8vo. _London_, 1830.

_Bot. Reg._--The Botanical Register. 8vo. 14 vols. _London_,
1815-1830.

_Bot. Rep._--The Botanist’s Repository for new and rare plants.
10 vols. 4to. _London_, 1797, et seqq.

_Bouch._--Boucher. A writer upon the French Flora.

_Bouché._--F. A. G. Boucher. A French botanist.

_Bow._--J. Bowie. A collector of plants for Kew Gardens.

_Br._--Patrick Browne, M. D. Author of Civil and Natural History
of Jamaica. An Irish botanist.

_Br. J._--Browne (Patrick). The Civil and Natural History of
Jamaica. fol. _London_, 1756.

_Br. Rem._--Brown (Robert). General Remarks, Geographical and
Systematical, on the Botany of Terra Australia. 4to. 1814.

_Bra. Sal._--De Braune (Franz Ant.). Salzburgische Flora. 8vo.
1791.

_Braam._--Braam’s Icones Chinenses. Not published.

_Brad._--Bradley. An old English writer upon succulent plants.

_Brad. Suc._--Bradley (Richard). Historia Plantarum
Succulentarum. 4to. _London_, 1716-1727.

_Bred._--Bredemeyer. A German.

_Brew. Jour._--Brewster’s Philosophical Journal. _Edinburgh_,
published every three months.

_Brey. C._--Breynius (Jacobus). Exoticarum Plantarum Centuria.
fol. _Gedani_, 1678.

_Brey. Pr._--Breynius (Jacobus). Prodromus Fasciculi rariorum
Plantarum in Hortis Hollandiæ observatarum. 2 vols. 4to.
_Gedani_, 1680-1689.

_Brid._--Bridel. A German writer upon Mosses.

_Brid. Mus._--Bridel (Samuel Elias). Muscologia. 4to. _Gothæ et
Parisiis_, 1797-1803.

_Brig._--J. Brignoli. Professor at Verona.

_Brm._--Burmann. A Dutch editor of other people’s works.

_Broeg._--Broegelmann. A German botanist.

_Brong._--A. Brongniart. A French botanist.

_Brot._--Brotero. A Portuguese botanist.

_Brot. Lus._--Brotero (Felix Avellar). Flora Lusitanica. 2 vols.
8vo. _Olyssip._ 1801.

_Brot. Ph._--Brotero (Felix Avellar). Phytographia Lusitaniæ
selectior. fol. _Olyssip._ 1801.

_Brou._--Broussonet. A French botanist, and traveller in Barbary.

_Bruce Tr._--Bruce (James). Travels to discover the Source of the
Nile. 5 vols. 4to. _Edinburgh_, 1790.

_Bry. Hist._--Bryant (Charles). Flora Dietetica, or History of
Esculent Plants. 8vo. _London_, 1783.

_Buc._--Buchanan. An English physician, and traveller in Nepal.

_Buch._--Buchoz (Pierre Joseph). Collection des Fleurs. fol.
_Paris._

_Bul._--Bulliard. A French writer upon Fungi.

_Bul. Her._--Bulliard. Herbier de la France. fol. 1780, &c.

_Bul. Ph._--Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomathique
de Paris. 1791-1816.

_Bur. Af._--Burmann (Johannes). Rariorum Africanarum Plantarum
Decades 10. 4to. _Amstelodami_, 1738-1739.

_Bur. Am._--Burmann (Johannes). Plantæ Americanæ à C. Plumier
detectæ et à J. Burmanno editæ. fol. _Amstelod._ 1755.

_Bur. In._--Burmann (Johannes). Flora Indica. 4to. _Lugd. Bat._
1768.

_Bur. Zey._--Burmann (Johannes). Thesaurus Zeylanicus. 4to.
_Amst._ 1737.

_Burc._--Burchell. An English botanist, and traveller at the Cape
of Good Hope.

_Burg._--Burgsdorf. A German botanist.

_Bux._--Buxbaum, M. D. A Russian botanist; travelled through
Armenia.

_Bux. C._--Buxbaum (Joh. Christ.). Plantarum minus cognitarum
Centuriæ quinque. 4to. 1728.

_C. Bauh._--Caspar Bauhin. A celebrated botanist of the
seventeenth century.

_C. & R._--Castagne and Robillard. French botanists?

_C. G._--Commentarii Societatis Regiæ Scientiarum Göttingensis.
4to. 1751-1816.

_Cæs._--Cæsalpinus. A famous old Italian botanist.

_Cam._--Campana. An Italian cultivator.

_Cam. Ep._--Camerarius (Joachim). De Plantis Epitome utilissima.
4to. _Francof. Mœn._ 1586.

_Cam. H._--Camerarius (Joachim). Hortus Medicus et Philosophicus.
4to. _Franc. Mœn._ 1588.

_Campd._--Campdera. A Spanish botanist.

_Carey._--W. Carey, D. D., of Serampore.

_Carm._--Capt. D. Carmichael. A Scotch botanist.

_Cass._--H. Cassini. A French botanist.

_Castag._--L. Castagne. A French botanist?

_Cat._--M. Catesby. A botanist, and traveller in North America.

_Cat. Car._--Catesby (Marsh). The Natural History of Carolina,
Florida, &c. 2 vols. fol. _London_, 1741-1743.

_Cav._--Cavanilles. A Spanish professor and botanist.

_Cav. Dis._--Cavanilles (Ant. Jos.). Monadelphiæ Classis
Dissertationes. 10 vols. 4to. _Paris_, 1785-1789. _Madriti_, 1790.

_Cav. Ic._--Cavanilles (Ant. Jos.). Icones et Descriptiones
Plantarum quæ aut sponte in Hispania crescunt aut in Hortis
hospitantur. 6 vols. fol. _Madrit._, 1791-1800.

_Cer._--Vicente Cervantez. A Spanish botanist and professor.

_Chaix._--A French botanist and ecclesiastic.

_Chalm. Ic._--Figures of Bulbs, by Miss Chalmers.

_Cham._--Chamisso. A German traveller round the world.

_Chan. Cam._--Chandler’s Camellias. _London._

_Choi._--Choisy. A Swiss botanist.

_Chois. Hyp._--Choisy (J. D.). Prodromus d’une Monographie de la
Famille des Hypericinées. 4to. 1821.

_Cl. H._--Clusius (Carolus). Rariorum Plantarum Historia. fol.
_Antwerp_, 1601.

_Cl. Pan._--Clusius (Carolus). Rariorum aliquot Stirpium per
Pannoniam observ. Historia. 8vo. 1583 (_Hall._), 1584 (_Ris._).

_Clair._--Clairville. A French botanist.

_Clar._--J. Clarion. A French botanist.

_Clem._--S. Clemente. A Spanish agriculturist.

_Clus._--Clusius. An old French botanist and traveller.

_Co. C._--Colville’s Catalogue. Plants cultivated in Colville’s
nursery, Chelsea.

_Col. Cas._--Colladon (Fréderic). Histoire Naturelle et Médicale
des Casses. 4to. _Montpelier_, 1816.

_Col. Ec._--Columna (Fabius). Minus cognitarum Stirpium
Ecphrasis. 4to. _Romæ_, 1616.

_Col. H. Rip._--Colla. Hortus Ripulensis. 4to. _Turin_, 1822-1827.

_Col. Ph._--Columna (Fabius). Phytobasanos. 4to. 1592.

_Colb._--Colebrooke. A celebrated English writer upon Indian
plants.

_Coll._--J. F. Colladon. A Genevese botanist.

_Com._--Commelin. A Dutch garden botanist.

_Com. H._--Commelyn (Caspar). Horti Medici Amstelodamensis
rariorum Plantarum Descriptio et Icones. 2 vols. fol. _Amst._
1703.

_Com. Pet._--Commentarii Academiæ Scientiarum Petropolitanæ. 14
vols. 4to. _Petrop._ 1728-1751.

_Com. Pr._--Commelyn (Caspar). Præludia Botanica ad publicas
Plantarum Demonstrationes. 4to. _L. Bat._ 1703.

_Com. R._--Commelyn (Caspar). Horti Medici Amstelodamensis Plantæ
rariores et exoticæ. 4to. _L. Bat._ 1706.

_Cook._--Cook (James). Voyage round the World (2d). 2 vols. 4to.
1777.

_Cor. Ca._--Cornuti (Jacob.). Canadensium Plantarum aliarumque
nondum editarum Historia. 4to. _Paris_, 1635.

_Corr._--Corréa de Serra. A Portuguese botanist and diplomatist.

_Cr._--Crantz. An Austrian botanist.

_Cr. Au._--Crantz (Henr. Joh. Nepom.). Stirpes Austriacæ. 8vo.
1762.

_Crypt. Brit._--Greville (Charles Kaye). The British Cryptogamic
Flora. 5 vols. 8vo.

_Cun._--A. Cunningham. A collector of plants for Kew Gardens.

_Cup. Pa._--Cupani (Franciscus). Pamphytum Siculum, seu Historia
Plantarum Siciliæ. fol.

_Cup. Sic._--Cupani (Franciscus). Catalogus Plantarum Sicularum
noviter detectarum. _Panormi_, 1652.

_Cur._--Curtis. An English writer upon plants.

_Cur. Lon._--Curtis (William). Flora Londinensis. fol. _London_,
1777, continued.

_Curt. Bot. Mag._--Curtis’s Botanical Magazine.

_Cus._--Cusson. A Swiss writer upon Umbelliferæ, whose wife burnt
his herbarium.

_Cyr._--Cyrilli. An Italian botanist.

_Cyr. Ne._--Cyrillo (Domenico). Plantarum rariorum Regni
Neapolitani Specimen. fol. _Neapol._ 1788-1792.

_Dalech._--Dalechamps (Jacques). Historia generalis Plantarum. 2
vols. fol. _Lugd._ 1586-1587.

_Dan._--Danthoine. A French botanist.

_Dav._--H. Davies, D.D. A Welsh botanist.

_Deb._--Debry. A botanist of Frankfort.

_Dec._--Decandolle. A celebrated French systematic botanist.

_Dec. As._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Astragalogia. 4to. et
fol. 1802.

_Dec. Bis._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Monographie des
Biscutelles, in Annales du Museum. vol. 13. 1811. 4to.

_Dec. Cac._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Dissertation on
Cacti, in Mémoires du Museum. vol. 17.

_Dec. Diss._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Dissertations
différens sur la Botanique. Various fascicles. 4to.

_Dec. Gen._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Plantes rares du
Jardin de Genève. Fasc. 1, 2. fol. _Geneva_, 1825.

_Dec. Ic._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Icones Plantarum
Galliæ rariorum. 4to. _Paris_, 1808.

_Dec. Leg._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Mémoires sur les
Legumineuses. 4to.

_Dec. Mon._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Catalogus Plantarum
Horti Monspeliensis, addito observationum circa Species novas aut
non satis cognitas Fasciculo. 8vo. 1813.

_Dec. Mu._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Annales du Museum
d’Histoire Naturelle. 4to. 1802.

_Dec. Pl._--Decandolle (Augustus Pyramus). Plantarum Historia
succulentarum. fol. and 4to. _Paris_, 1799-1830.

_Del._--Delile. A French professor, and traveller in Egypt.

_Del. Æg._--Delile (Alire Rafeneau). Mémoires Botaniques extraits
de la Description de l’Egypte. fol. _Paris_, 1813.--Et Flora
Ægyptiaca illustrata. fol. _Paris_, 1813.

_Del. Eryn._--De la Roche (François). Eryngiorum necnon Generis
novi Alepideæ Historia. fol. _Paris_, 1808.

_Delan._--Delany. An English artist.

_Deless._--Delessert. A French botanist.

_Deless. Ic._--Delessert (Benj.). Icones selectæ Plantarum in
System. univers. descriptarum. 4to. 1820.

_Den. Br._--Watson (P. W.). Dendrologia Britannica. 1 vol. 1825.

_Desf._--Desfontaines. A French botanist, and traveller in
Barbary.

_Des. Eg._--Description de l’Egypte, ou Recueil des Observations
et des Recherches faites pendant l’Expédition de l’Armée
Française. 4to. et fol. 1810.

_Desf. Mem._--Desfontaines (Réné Louiche). Mémoires de l’Académie
Royale des Sciences. 4to. 1666.

_Desf. At._--Desfontaines (Réné Louiche). Flora Atlantica. 2
vols. 4to. _Paris_, 1798, 1799.

_Desf. Ch._--Desfontaines (Réné Louiche). Choix des Plantes du
Corollaire des Instituts de Tournefort. 4to. _Paris_, 1808.

_Desf. Pic._--Desfontaines (Réné Louiche). Icones pictæ Hort.
Par. A Series of Drawings of Plants grown in the Jardin des
Plantes, Paris. Not published.

_Desp._--Desportes. A French botanist.

_Desr._--Desrousseaux. A French botanist.

_Desv._--Desvaux. A French professor of botany.

_Deth._--Detharding. A botanist of Rostoch.

_Deutschl. Fl._--Sturm (Jacob). Deutschlands Flora. 2 vols. 4to.
_Nürnberg_, 1798, &c.

_Dick._--Dickson. An English cryptogamic botanist.

_Dick. Cr._--Dickson (James). Plantarum Cryptogamicarum Britanniæ
Fasciculi. 3. vols. 4to. _London_, 1785-1793.

_Die._--Dietrich. A German gardener.

_Dil._--Dillwyn. An English writer upon Confervæ.

_Di. El._--Dillenius (John Jac.). Hortus Elthamensis. 2 vols.
fol. _Londini_, 1732.

_Di. Musc._--Dillenius (John Jac.). Historia Muscorum. 4to.
_Oxonii_, 1741.

_Dit._--Ditmar. A Dutch botanist.

_Dod. M._--Dodart (Denys). Mémoires pour servir à l’Histoire des
Plantes. fol. _Paris_, 1676.

_Dod. Pe._--Dodonæus or Dodoens (Rambrot). Stirpium Historiæ
Pemptades vi. fol. _Antwerp_, 1583.

_Domb._--Dombey. A French traveller in South America.

_D. Don._--David Don. Librarian to the Linnean Society.

_G. Don._--George Don.

_Dor._--Dorthes. A French botanist

_Dou._--Douglas. A collector of plants.

_Dow._--Downe.

_Dry._--Dryander. A Swedish botanist.

_Dub._--Dubois. A French botanist.

_Duch._--Duchesne. A French botanist or horticulturist.

_Dufr._--Dufresne. A French writer upon Valerians.

_Dufr. Val._--Dufresne (Pierre). Histoire Naturelle et Médicale
de la Famille des Valerianées. 4to. 1811.

_Duh._--Duhamel. A celebrated French physiological botanist.

_Duh. Ar._--Duhamel du Monceau (Henri Louis). Traité des Arbres
et Arbustes qui se cultivent en France en pleine terre. 2 vols.
4to. _Paris_, 1755.

_Duh. Fr._--Duhamel du Monceau (Henri Louis). Traité des Arbres
fruitiers. 2 vols. 4to. Paris, 1768; 3 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1782;
fol. _Paris_, 1808, et seq.

_Duh. No._--See _Duh. Ar._ A new edition, by Michel. 5 vols.
folio. _Paris_, 1801-1816.

_Dum._--Dumont Courset. A writer upon French garden plants.

_Dun. Mon._--Dunal (Michel Felix). Monographie des Anonacées.
4to.

_Dun. So._--Dunal (Michel Felix). Histoire Naturelle, Médicale,
et Economique, des Solanum et des Genres qui ont été confondus
avec eux. 4to. _Montpelier_, 1813.

_Dunal._--Dunal. A French botanist.

_Durand._--Durand. A French botanist.

_Durb._--Durborough.

_Duroi._--Du Roi. A German writer upon plants.

_Duroi. Ha._--Du Roi (Joh. Phil.). Die Harbkische wilde
Baumzucht. 2 vols. 8vo. _Braunschweig_, 1771-1772.

_Dut._--Dutour. A Belgic botanist.

_Duval._--Duval. A French botanist.

_Dw. Con._--Dillwyn (Lewis Weston). Synopsis of the British
Confervæ. 4to. 1802-1814.

_E. B._ }--English Botany, by Sir James Edward Smith, and
_Eng. Bot._ } Mr. James Sowerby. 36 vols. 8vo.

_E. F._--English Flora. By Sir J. E. Smith.

_Ed. Jour._ }--The Edinburgh Philosophical Journal. 8vo.
_Ed. Ph. Jour._ } _Edinburgh._ Published quarterly.

_Eddy._--Eddy. An English gardener.

_Ehr. Pl._--Ehret (George Dion.). Plantæ et Papiliones rariores.
fol. _London_, 1748-1759.

_Ehren._--Ehrenberg. A German traveller in Arabia, &c.

_Ehrh._--Ehrhart. A German botanist.

_El._--Ellis. A London merchant and botanist.

_Ell._--Elliot. An American botanist.

_Ency. Pl._--Loudon (J. C. L.). Encyclopædia of Plants. 8vo.
_London_, 1830.

_Esp._--Esper. A German writer on Fungi.

_Esper Fuci._--Esper (Eug. Joh. Christ.). Icones Fucorum.
Abbildungen der Tange. 4to. _Nürnberg_, 1797-1799.

_Et._--Ettlinger. A German writer on Salvia.

_Ex. Bot._--Exotic Botany, by Sir J. E. Smith. 2 vols. 4to.
_London_, 1804-1808.

_Ex. Fl._--See _Hook. Ex. Fl._

_Fau._--Faucoult. A French botanist.

_Fer. Hes._--Ferrari (Joh. Baptist). Hesperides, sive De malorum
aureorum culturâ et usu. fol. _Romæ_, 1646.

_Feu._--Feuillée. A Chilian botanist.

_Feu. Ob._--Feuillée (Louis). Journal des Observations Physiques,
Mathématiques, et Botaniques, faites dans l’Amérique Méridionale,
&c. 4to. _Paris_, 1714-1725.

_Fi. N. H._--Field (Baron). Geographical Memoirs of New South
Wales. 8vo. _London_, 1825.

_Fis._--Fischer. A Russian botanist.

_Fisch. Ic. In._--Collection of Drawings sent by Fischer to
Decandolle. Not published.

_Fl. Ant._--De Tussac (F. R.). Flora Antillarum. fol. _Paris_,
1808, et seq.

_Fl. Bad._--Gmelin (Carol. Christ.). Flora Badensis-Alsatica.
8vo. 1808.

_Fl. Bo._--Schmidt (Franc. Wilib.). Flora Bohemica. 2 vols. fol.
_Pragæ_, 1793, 1794.

_Fl. Br._--Flora Britannica. By Sir James Edward Smith.

_Fl. Con._--Morris (Richard). Flora Conspicua. 8vo. _London_,
1826.

_Fl. Dan._--Flora Danica, sive Icones Plantarum sponte nascentium
in Regnis Daniæ et Norvegiæ, &c. 9 vols. fol. _Hafniæ_,
1761-1829. By Vahl, Hornemann, and Müller.

_Fl. Gr._--Sibthorp (Joh.). Flora Græca, ed. J. E. Smith. 6 vols.
fol. _London_, 1806-1829.

_Fl. Lap._--Linnæus (Carolus). Flora Lapponica. 8vo.
_Amstelodami_, 1757.

_Fl. Lon._--Curtis (William). Flora Londinensis. fol. _London_,
1777, continued.

_Fl. Mex. Ic. In._--Sesse and Mocino. Flora Mexicana Icon. ined.
Iconibus ab ipso Sesse et Cervantesio curatis nondum editis usus
est Candolleus.

_Fl. Mon._--Magroff (W.). Flora Monacensis.

_Fl. Nap._--Tenore (Michel). Flora Neapolitana. 4 vols. fol.
_Neap._ 1811, &c.

_Fl. Norv._--Gunnerus (Joh. Enn.). Flora Norvegica. 2 vols. fol.
_Nidrosiæ_, 1766; _Hafniæ_, 1772.

_Fl. Per._--Ruiz (Hippol.) et Pavon (Jos.). Flora Peruviana et
Chilensis. 5 vols. fol. _Madriti_, 1798-1799.

_Fl. Por._--Hoffmansegg and Link. Flore Portugaise. Fol. _Rostock
and Berlin_, 1806, &c.

_Fl. Pyr._--Picot de la Peyrouse (Philippe). Figures de la Flore
des Pyrenées. fol. _Paris_, 1795-1801.

_Fl. Scot._--Lightfoot (John). Flora Scotica. 2 vols. 8vo.
_London_, 1776.

_Fl. Ver._--Pollini (Cyrus). Flora Veronensis. 3 vols. 8vo.
_Verona_, 1822-1824.

_Flu._--Flügg. A German writer upon Grasses.

_For. Æg_.--Forskahl (Petrus). Flora Ægyptiaco-Arabica. 4to.
1775. Or, Icones Rerum Nat. 4to. _Hafniæ_, 1776.

_Forsk._--Forskahl. A Danish naturalist and traveller in Arabia.

_Forst._--Forster. A traveller in the South Seas with Captain
Cook.

_For. Co. Goet._--Commentarii Societatis Regiæ Scientiarum
Göttingensis. 4to. _Göttingen_, 1751, to the present time.

_Forst._--Forster (George). Characteres generum Plantarum quas in
Itinere ad Insulas Maris Australia, &c. 4to. 1776.

_Fra._--Frazer. A gardener, and collector of plants in North
America.

_Fras. Mon._--Fraser (John). A short History of the Agrostis
Cornucopiæ. fol. _London_, 1789.

_Fries._--Fries. A Swedish botanist, and writer upon Fungi.

_Fries. Obs._--Fries (Elias). Observationes Mycologicæ. 12mo. 2
vols. _Hafniæ_, 1815-1818.

_Frö._--Frölich. A German writer upon Gentiana.

_Funk._--Funk. A German cryptogamic botanist.

_Fuchs._--Fuchs (Leonhard). De Historia Stirpium Commentarii
insignes. fol. _Basiliæ_, 1542-1545.

_G. & A._--Greville and Arnott. British botanists.

_Gae._--Gaertner. A celebrated German carpologist.

_Gae. Fr._--Gaertner (Josephus). De Fructibus et Seminibus
Plantarum. 2 vols. 4to. _Lipsiæ_, 1788-1791.

_Gar. Aix._--Garidel (Pierre Joseph). Histoire des Plantes qui
naissent aux Environs d’Aix. 2 vols. fol. _Aix_, 1715.

_Gard. Mag._--Loudon (J. C. L.). Gardener’s Magazine. _London_,
1826, continued.

_Gau._--Gaudin. A Swiss botanist.

_Gay._--Gay. A French botanist.

_Gay. Dis._--Gay (John). Fragment d’une Monographie des
Buttneriacées. 4to. _Paris_, 1823.

_Ger._--Gerard. An old French botanist.

_Ger. Em._--Gerard (John). The Herbal, or General History of
Plants. fol. _London_, 1597. Enlarged by Johnson. fol. 1638.

_Ger. Gal._--Gerard (Ludovic). Flora Gallo-provincialis. 8vo.
_Paris_, 1761.

_Gil. Eu._--Gilibert (Joh. Em.). Histoire des Plantes de
l’Europe, ou Elémens de Botanique Pratique. 2 vols. 8vo. _Lyons_,
1798; 3 vols. 8vo. _Lyons_, 1806.

_Gilib._--Gilibert. A Lithuanian botanist.

_Gill._--Gillies’s MSS. Dr. Gillies, a Scotch botanist.

_Gin._--Gingins. A French botanist.

_Gled._--Gleditsch. A German botanist.

_Glox._--Gloxin. A botanist of Strasburgh.

_Gm._--Gmelin. A Russian botanist, and traveller in Siberia.

_Gm. It._--Gmelin (J. G.). Reise durch Sibirien. 4 vols. 8vo.
_Götting._ 1751-1753.

_Gm. Si._--Gmelin (J. G.). Flora Sibirica. 4 vols. 4to.
_Petropol._ 1747-1769.

_Goch._--Gochnat. A German botanist.

_Gold._--Goldie. A nurseryman at Ayr, in Scotland.

_Goldb._--Goldbach. A Russian botanist.

_Good._--Goodenough. Bishop of Carlisle. An English botanist.

_Gou._--Gouan. A French botanist.

_Gou. Il._--Gouan (Antoine). Illustrationes Botanicæ. fol.
_Tiguri_, 1773.

_Gou. M._--Gouan (Antoine). Hortus Regius Monspeliensis. 8vo.
_Lugduni_, 1762.

_Gr. Wo._--Sinclair (George). Hortus Gramineus Woburnensis. 8vo.
1825.

_Grah._--Graham, M.D. Regius professor of botany at Edinburgh. An
assiduous botanist.

_Grev._--Greville. An English botanist, and writer upon
cryptogamic plants.

_Grev. Cryp._--Greville (Robert Kaye). The Scottish Cryptogamic
Flora. 4 vols. 8vo.

_Gro._--Gronovius. A botanist of Leyden.

_Guer._--Guersent. A French botanist.

_Gül._--Güldenstaedt. A Russian botanist.

_Günt._--Günther. A Silesian botanist.

_H. An._--Hortus Anglicus.

_H. & B._--Humboldt and Bonpland. Famous travellers and botanists.

_H. & B. N._--Humboldt, Bonpland, and Kunth. Nova Plantarum
Genera et Species. 7 vols. 4to. _Paris_, 1815 to 1825.

_H. Ben._--Roxburgh (Will.). Hortus Bengalensis. 8vo. _Calcutta_,
1814.

_H. Ber._--Willdenow (Car. Lud.). Hortus Berolinensis. fol.
_Berlin_, 1806-1810.

_H. C._--Chelsea botanic garden.

_H. Cels._--Catalogue of the plants cultivated in the garden of
M. Cels.

_H. Cl._--Linnæus (Carolus). Hortus Cliffortianus. fol. _Amst._
1737.

_H. Er._--Hortus Erfurtsiensis. Catalogue of the plants
cultivated in the botanical garden of Erfurt.

_H. Er. Wo._--Hortus Ericeus Woburnensis. 4to. _London_, 1824.

_H. Flor._--Passæus (Crispinus). Hortus Floridus. fol. _Arnheim_,
1614.

_H. & G. Ic._--Hooker (W. J.) and Greville (R. K.). Icones
Filicum. fol. _London_, 1827.

_H. & G._--Hooker, LL.D., and Greville, LL.D. English botanists
resident in Scotland.

_H. Göt._--Hortus Göttingensis. 2 fasc. fol. _Gottingæ_,
1809-1813.

_Hal. H._--Haller (Albert). Historia Stirpium indigenarum
Helvetiæ. 3 vols. fol. _Berne_, 1768.

_H. Has._--Moench (Conrad). Enumeratio Plantarum indigenarum
Hassieæ. 8vo. _Cassel_. 1777.

_H. Kew._--Aiton (William). Hortus Kewensis. Ed. 1. 3 vol. 8vo.
_London_, 1789.

_H. L._--Liverpool botanic garden.

_H. Madr._--Lagasco (Mariano). Catalogus Plantarum quæ in Horto
Regio Madritensi colebantur anno 1815. 8vo. _Madriti_, 1816.

_H. Mon._--Decandolle (Aug. Pyr.). Catalogus Horti Monspeliensis.
8vo. _Monspelii_, 1813; 8vo. _Göttingen_, 1777.

_H. N. H._--Hotton (Petrus). Rei herbariæ Historiæ et fatto sermo
Acad. 4to. _Lugd._ 1695.

_H. Par._--Of the Paris garden.

_H. Pfl._--Houttuyn (Martin). Des Ritters von Linné
Pflanzensystem nach der Anleitung des Houttuynschen Werks. 14
vols. 8vo. _Nürnberg_, 1777-1788.

_H. & T._--Hooker and Taylor. English botanists.

_H. T._--Hortus Taurinensis. Catalogue of the plants cultivated
in the botanical garden at Turin.

_H. Tr._--Transactions of the London Horticultural Society.

_Habl._--Hablizl. A Russian botanist.

_Hac. Ca._--Hacquet (Balthazar). Plantæ Alpinæ Carniolicæ. 4to.
_Vienna_, 1782.

_Hæ._--Hænke. A German botanical writer.

_Hag. Lich._--Hagen (C. G.). Tentamen Historiæ Lichenum præsertim
Prussicorum. 8vo. _Regiomonti_, 1782.

_Hal._--Haller. A Swiss botanist.

_Hal. F._--Haller the younger.

_Ham._--Hamilton. A Scotch botanist, and traveller in the East
Indies.

_Har._--Hartig. A writer on the culture of forest trees.

_Haw._--Haworth. An English writer upon succulent plants.

_Hay._--Hayne. A German botanist.

_Hay. Ter._--Hayne (Frid. Gottlieb). Termini Botanici Iconibus
illustrati. 4to. _Berlin_, 1799.

_Hay. Us._--Hayne (Frid. Gottlieb) in Usteri’s Annalen der
Botanik. 6 vols. 8vo. _Zurich_, 1791-1793.

_Hed. Cryp._--Hedwig (Johannes). Theoria Generationis et
Fructificationis Plantarum Cryptogamicarum. 4to. _Petropoli_,
1784.

_Hed. Mus._--Hedwig (Johannes). Species Muscorum Frondosorum.
4to. _Lipsiæ_, 1801.

_Hedw._--Hedwig. A German cryptogamic botanist.

_Hei._--Heister. A German botanist.

_Her. Am._--Courset (Dumont de), or Delaune. Herbier de
l’Amateur. _Paris._

_Herb._--Herbert. An English divine and botanist.

_Herb. Ar._--Herbert (William). A Botanical Arrangement of
Bulbous Roots. 8vo. 1821.

_Her. Ger._--L’Heritier (Charles Louis). Geraniologia. fol.
_Paris_, 1787, 1788.

_Her. Lug._--Hermann (Paulus). Horti Lugduni Batavi Catalogus.
8vo. _Lugd. Bat._ 1687.

_Her. Par._--Hermann (Paulus). Paradisus Batavus. 4to. _Lugd.
Bat._ 1798.

_Her. Ser._--L’Heritier (Charles Louis). Sertum Anglicum, sive
Plantæ rariores. fol. _Paris_, 1788.

_Her. St._--L’Heritier (Charles Louis). Stirpes novæ aut minus
cognitæ. fol. _Paris_, 1784, 1785.

_Herit._--L’Heritier. A French botanist.

_Herm._--Hermann. Professor of botany at Leyden.

_Heyne._--Heyne. A writer on East Indian Plants.

_Hil._--Auguste St. Hilaire. A French botanist, and traveller in
Brazil.

_Hill._--Hill. An English compiler of botanical matters.

_Hof. Cryp._--Hoffmann (Georg Franz). Vegetabilia Cryptogamica.
4to. _Lipsiæ_, 1787-1790.

_Hof. Ger._--Hoffmann (Georg Franz). Flora Germanica. 2 vols. 4to.

_Hof. Göt._--Hoffmann (Georg Franz). Programma Horti
Göttingensis. fol. 1793.

_Hof. Ph._--Hoffmann (Georg Franz). Phytographische Blätter. 8vo.
_Göttingen._

_Hof. Sa._--Hoffmann (Georg Franz). Historia Salicum Iconibus
illustrata. fol. _Lipsiæ_, 1785.

_Hof. Um._--Hoffmann (Georg Franz). Umbelliferarum Genera. 8vo.
1816.

_Hofg._--Hoffmannsegg. A botanist of Dresden.

_Hofm._--Hoffmann. A German writer upon Umbelliferæ, &c.

_Hogg._--Hogg. A nurseryman at New York.

_Hök._--Hökert. A Swedish botanist.

_Hol._--Holwell. An English botanist.

_Holm._--Holmskiold. A Danish botanist.

_Hook._--Hooker. An English botanist, and professor at Glasgow.

_Hook. Ex. Fl._--Hooker (W. J.). The Exotic Flora. 3 vols. 8vo.
_Edinb._ 1825-1827.

_Hook. Jung._--Hooker (W. J.). Monograph of the British
Jungermanniæ. 4to. _London_, 1812-1816.

_Hoppe._--Hoppe. A German botanist, and collector of plants.

_Hor. Ph._--Horæ Physicæ Berolinenses. fol. _Berlin._

_Horn._--Hornemann. A Danish botanist and professor.

_Horns._--Hornschurch. A German botanist and professor.

_Hort._--Of the gardens.

_Hort. Tr._--Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London.
7 vols. 4to. Continued.

_Host._--Host. An Austrian writer upon grapes and European plants.

_Host. Gr._ }--Host (Nicol. Thom.). Icones et Descriptiones
_H. G._ } Graminum Austriacorum.3 vols. fol. _Vindob._
} 1801-1803.

_Hout._--Houttuyn. A botanist of Amsterdam.

_Hrtm._--Hartmann. A botanist of Stockholm.

_Hud._--Hudson. An English writer upon British plants.

_Hum._--Humboldt. A celebrated Prussian traveller and philosopher.

_Hunter._--An English botanist.

_Ic. H. K._--Bauer (Francis). Delineations of Exotic Plants
cultivated in the Royal Garden at Kew, published by W. J. Aiton.
fol. _London_, 1796.

_Is. Ac. Pa._--Isnard. See _Ac. Par._

_Ives._--Ives. An American botanist.

_J._--Jussieu. A celebrated French systematic botanist.

_Jac._--Jacquin. An Austrian traveller in South America, and
botanist.

_Jac. Am._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Stirpium Americanarum
Historia. fol. 1763.

_Jac. Am. Pic._--The same work with coloured plates, no date.

_Jac. Au._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Floræ Austriacæ Icones. 5
vols. fol. _Vindob._ 1773-1778.

_Jac. C._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Collectanea ad Botanicam,
&c. spectantia. 5 vols. 4to. _Vindob._ 1786-1796.

_Jac. Ec._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Eclogæ Botanicæ. fol.
1811-1816.

_Jac. Fr._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Fragmenta Botanica. fol.
1800-1809.

_Jac. Gram._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Eclogæ Botanicæ. fol.
1811-1816.

_Jac. H. Vin._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Hortus Botanicus
Vindobonensis. 3 vols. fol. _Vindob._ 1764-1776.

_Jac. Ic._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Icones Plantarum
rariorum. 3 vols. fol. _Vindob._ 1781-1793.

_Jac. M._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Miscellanea Austriaca ad
Botanicam, &c. spectantia. 2 vols. 4to. _Vindob._ 1778-1781.

_Jac. Ob._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Observationes Botanicæ.
fol. _Vindob._ 1764-1771.

_Jac. Ox._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Oxalidis Monographia
Iconibus illustrata. 4to. _Vindob._ 1792.

_Jac. Sc._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Plantarum rariorum Horti
Cæsarei Schœnbrunensis. 4 vols. fol. _Vindobonen._ 1797-1804.

_Jac. St._--Von Jacquin (Nicolas Jos.). Stapeliæ cultæ. fol.
_Vindob._ 1806-1815.

_Jack._--Jackson. An English botanist.

_Jnghans._--Junghans. A botanist of Halle.

_Jo. H. N._--Journal d’Histoire Naturelle. 2 vols. 4to. _Paris_,
1792.

_Jo. Sc._--Journal of Science, edited at the Royal Institution.
8vo. Published quarterly.

_Jon._--Jones. An accomplished writer upon Indian matters.

_Jun. Ic._--Junghans (Phil. Carp.). Icones Plantarum ad Vitam
impressæ. fol. _Halæ_, 1787.

_Juss. Sci._--Jussieu, in Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des
Sciences. 4to. _Paris_, 1740.

_Kæm._--Kæmpfer. A traveller in Japan.

_Kæm. Am._--Kæmpfer (Engelbert). Amœnitates Exoticæ. 4to.
_Lemgoviæ_, 1712.

_Kæm. Ic._--Kæmpfer (Engelbert). Icones selectæ Plantarum. fol.
_London_, 1791.

_Kern. Abr._--Kerner (John Sim.). Abbildungen und Beschreibungen
der Bäume welche in Würtemberg wild wachsen. 4 heft. 4to.
_Stuttgard_, 1783-1786.

_Ker. Rec._--Ker (John Bellenden). Recensio Plantarum hucusque in
Repositorio Botanicorum depictarum. 4to. _London_, 1801.

_Kion._--Not known.

_Kit._--Kitaibel. A Hungarian botanist.

_Kn. Pr._--Knight’s Proteàceæ.

_Kno. Del._--Knorr (Georg. Wolfgang). Deliciæ Naturæ selectæ. 2
vols. fol. _Nürnberg_, 1766, 1767.

_Kno. Th._--Knorr (Georg. Wolfgang). Thesaurus Rei Herbariæ
Hortensisque universalis. 2 vols. fol. 1770-1772.

_Koch._--Koch. A professor at Erlang.

_Koel._--Koeler. A writer on German and French grasses.

_Kölle._--Kölle. A botanist of Erlang.

_Kön._--König. Several German naturalists of this name.

_Kr. Sil._--Krocker (Ant. Joh.). Flora Silesiaca renovata. 2
vols. 8vo. _Vratislaviæ_, 1787-1790.

_Kth._--Kunth. A Prussian botanist.

_Kth. Mim._--Kunth (Car. Sigism.). Mimoses et autres Plantes
Legumineuses du Nouveau Continent. fol. _Paris_, 1819, &c.

_Kun. Nov. G._--Kunth (Car. Sigism.). Nova Genera et Species
Plantarum. 7 vols. 4to. _Paris_, 1825.

_Kunze._--Kunze. A German cryptogamic botanist.

_L._--Linnæus. The celebrated Swedish reformer of natural history.

_L. D. Fr._--Loiseleur’s Duhamel, &c. A new edition by Loiseleur
Deslongchamps. See _Duh. Fr._

_L. Fil._--Linnæus the younger. The son of the great Linnæus.

_L. F. Dec._--Linnæus (Carolus, filius). Plantarum rariorum Horti
Upsaliensis Decas. fol. _Stock._ 1762, 1763.

_L. F. Fa._--Linnæus (Carolus, filius). Plantarum rariorum Horti
Upsaliensis fasciculus 1. fol. _Lips._ 1767.

_L. & O. Ab._ }--Link (Henr. Frid.) und Otto (Frid.). Abbildungen
_L. & O. A. B. G._ } und Beschreibungen seltener Pflanzen im Berlin.
} Garten. 4to. _Berlin_, 1821, and following years.

_L. & O. Dis._--Link (Henr. Frid.) und Otto (Frid.). Ueber die
Gattungen Melocactus und Echinocactus in Hort. Soc. Trans.
_Berlin_, vol. 2. 4to.

_L. & O. H. Ber._--Link (Henr. Frid.) et Otto (Frid.). Horæ
Physicæ Berolinenses. fol.

_L. Tr._--Linnæan Society’s Transactions.

_Lab._--Labillardière. A French botanist.

_Lab. N. H._--Labillardière (Jac. Jul). Novæ Hollandiæ Plantarum
Specimen. 2 vols. fol. _Paris_, 1804-1806.

_Lab. Syr._--Labillardière (Jac. Jul.). Icones Plantarum Syriæ
rariorum. fol. _Paris_, 1791-1812.

_Lab. Vo._--Labillardière (Jac. Jul.). Relation du Voyage à la
Recherche de La Peyrouse. 2 vols. 8vo. _Paris_, 1798.

_Lag._--Lagasca. A Spanish botanist and professor.

_Lal._--La Lave. A Mexican botanist.

_Lam._--Lamarck. A French botanist.

_Lam. Ic. In._--Lamarck (Jean Baptiste Monet de). Icones
Plantarum ined.

_Lam. Il._--Lamarck (Jean Baptiste Monet de). Illustrations des
Genres. 4to. _Paris_, 1791, &c.

_Lamb._--A. B. Lambert, V. P. L. S. An English botanist.

_Lamb. Ci._--Lambert (Aylmer Bourke). Description of the Genus
Cinchona. _London_, 1797.

_Lamb. Pin._--Lambert (Aylmer Bourke). A Description of the Genus
Pinus. fol. _London_, 1803. New edit. 1829.

_Lamour. Dis._--Lamouroux (Justin). Dissertations sur plusieurs
Espèces de Fucus. 4to. _Agen_, 1805.

_Lan._--Langsdorff. A Russian botanist.

_Lap._--La Peyrouse. A French writer upon the plants of the
Pyrenees.

_Lap. Sax._--La Peyrouse (Philip Picot). Monographia Saxifragarum
cujus partem facit, &c. _Toulouse._

_Lar._--Laroche. A French botanist.

_Lar. Dis._--De La Roche (Daniel). Specimen Botanicum inaugurale
sistens Descriptiones Plantarum aliquot novarum. 4to. 1766.

_Law._--Lawrence (Miss). An English flower-painter.

_Lawr. Pass._--Lawrence (Miss). Six numbers of coloured figures
of Passion Flowers. fol. _London._

_Lawr. Ros._--Lawrence (Miss). A Collection of Roses from Nature.
fol. _London_, 1799.

_Lax._--Laxmann. A German writer on Siberian plants.

_Lec._--Leconte. An American botanist.

_Lec. Pas._--Leconte’s Pastures.

_Lech._--Lechenault. A French botanist.

_Led._--Ledebour. A botanist, and traveller in Siberia.

_Lee._--Lee. A nurseryman at Hammersmith.

_Lee. Gr._ }--Leers (Joh. Dan.). Flora Herbornensis. 8vo. Colon.
_Leers Her._ } _Allobr._ 1789.

_Leers._--Leers. A German botanist.

_Leh._--Lehmann. A German botanist, and professor at Hamburgh.

_Leh. As._--Lehmann (J. C. G.). Plantæ Asperifoliæ Nucif. 2 vols.
4to. _Berlin_, 1818.

_Leh. B._--Lehmann (J. C. G.) in Berlinisches Magazin, &c.

_Leh. M._--Lehmann (J. C. G.). Monographia Generis Primularum.
4to. _Lipsiæ_, 1817.

_Leh. Nic._--Lehmann (J. C. G.). Generis Nicotianarum Historia.
4to. 1818.

_Leh. Pot._--Lehmann (J. C. G.). Monographia Generis
Potentillarum. 4to. _Hamburgh_, 1820.

_Lej._--Lejeune. A French botanist.

_Lem._--Leman. A botanist mentioned in Dec. Fl. Franc.

_Lep._--Lepechin. A Russian botanist.

_Lepel._--Lepelletier. A French botanist.

_Lewis._--Lewis. An American traveller.

_Leys._--Leysser. A botanist of Halle.

_Lich._--Lichtenstein. A German botanist and professor.

_Light._--Lightfoot. A writer upon the Scottish Flora.

_Liljeb._--Liljeblad. A professor at Upsal.

_Lind._--Lindern. A French botanist.

_Lind. Col._--Lindley (John). Collectanea Botanica. fol.
_London_, 1821.

_Lind. Dig._--Lindley (John). Digitalium Monographia. fol.
_London_, 1821.

_Lind. Ros._--Lindley (John). Rosarum Monographia. 8vo. _London_,
1821.

_Lindl._--Lindley. An English botanist, and professor in London.

_Lin. Er._--Linnæus’s Ericæ.

_Lin. Tr._--Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 4to.
_London_, 1791, &c.

_Liv._--Livinston. A Scotch botanist.

_Lk._--Link. A Prussian botanist.

_Lk. & O._--Link and Otto. Prussian botanists.

_Lk. Obs._--Link (Henr. Frid.). Observationes in Ordines
Plantarum Naturales (Fungos tantum), diss. 1. et 2. in Magazin
der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde.

_Lo. C._--Loddiges’ Catalogue. Catalogue of the plants cultivated
in Loddiges’ Nursery at Hackney.

_Lo. S._--Loddiges’ Supplement.

_Lob._--Lobel. An old writer upon plants.

_Lob. Ic._--De Lobel or Lobelius (Mathias). Stirpium Icones. 4to.
_Antwerp_, 1591.

_Lob. Ob._--De Lobel or Lobelius (Mathias). Observationes
Botanicæ.

_Lock._--Lockhart. Superintendent of the Trinidad Botanical
Garden.

_Lod._--Loddiges. English nurserymen and botanists.

_Loe._--Loeffling. A Swedish botanist and traveller.

_Lœf. It._--Lœfling (Peter). Iter Hispanicum. 8vo. _Stockholm_,
1758.

_Loe. Pr._--Loeselius (John). Flora Prussica. 4to. _Regiomonti_,
1793.

_Loi._--Loiseleur Deslongchamps. A French botanist.

_Loi. Gal._--Loiseleur Deslongchamps (J. L. A.). Flora Gallica. 2
vols. 12mo. _Paris_, 1806, 1807.

_Loi. No._--Loiseleur Deslongchamps (J. L. A.). Notices sur les
Plantes à ajouter à la Flore de France. 8vo. _Paris_, 1810.

_Loi. Sup._--Loiseleur Deslongchamps (J. L. A.). Supplement to
Flora Gallica. 8vo. _Paris_, 1807.

_Lon._--Londes. A botanist of Göttingen.

_Lou._--Loureiro. A Portuguese traveller in Cochin China.

_Loud. Enc. Pl._--Loudon (J. C. L.). Encyclopædia of Plants. 8vo.
_London_, 1830.

_Loud. G. M._--Loudon (J. C. L.). Gardener’s Magazine. 8vo.
_London_, 1826, &c. Continued.

_Loud. M. N. H._--Loudon (J. C. L.). Magazine of Natural History.
8vo. _London_, 1828, &c. Continued.

_Loudon._--J. C. Loudon. Author of various agricultural,
horticultural, and botanical works.

_Lum._--Lumnitzer. A German botanist.

_Lunan._--Lunan. A writer on Jamaica plants.

_Lyell._--Lyell. A Scotch botanist.

_Lyng._--Lyngbye. A Danish writer upon cryptogamic matters.

_Lyng. Hyd._--Lyngbye (H. C.). Hydrophytologia Danica. 4to.
_Copenhagen._

_Lyon._--Lyon. A collector of American plants.

_M. Fl. Vi._--Moretti (Gius.). Notizia sopra diverse Piante da
aggungiarsi alla Flora Vicentina. 4to. 1813.

_M. H._--Morison (Robert). Plantarum Historico Universalis
Oxoniensis. 2 vols. fol. _Oxon._ 1680.

_M. In._--Mémoires de l’Institut National des Sciences et des
Arts. 4to. _Paris_, 1796, et seq.

_M. Msq._--Usher, in Memoirs of Natural History of Moscow. See
_Mém. Mosc._

_M. & S._--Mocino and Sessé. Mexican botanists.

_M. Um._--Morison (Robert). Plantarum Umbelliferarum Distributio
nova. fol. _Oxon._ 1672.

_Mag. Ber._--Martini (Henr.). Berlinisches Magazin oder
Gesammlete Schriften. 8vo. _Berlin_, 1765-1767.

_Mag. H._--Magnol (Petrus). Hortus Regius Monspeliensis. 8vo.
_Monsp._ 1697.

_Mag. Mo._--Magnol (Petrus). Botanicon Monspeliense. 12mo.
_Monsp._ 1686.

_Mag. Nat. Hist._--Loudon (J. C. L.). Magazine of Natural
History. 8vo. _London_, 1828, &c. Continued.

_Ma. C._--Mackay’s Catalogue. Catalogue of the plants cultivated
in Mackay’s nursery at Clapton.

_Marcg. Bra._--Marcgravius (Georg). Historia Rerum Naturalium
Brasiliæ. fol. _L. Bat._ 1648.

_Marg._--Marcgraav. A traveller in Brazil.

_Marsh._--Marshall. A writer on American trees.

_Mart._--Martius. A Bavarian botanist, and traveller in Brazil.

_Mart. Br._--Martius (C. F. P.). Nova Genera et Species Plantarum
quas in Itinere per Brasiliam ann. 1817-1820, &c. 4to.

_Mart. Cen._--Martyn (John). Historia Plantarum rariorum. Cent.
1. dec. 1-5. fol. _London_, 1728.

_Mart. Med._--Von Martius (Carl F. P.). Specimen Materiæ Medicæ
Brasiliensis. _Monach._ 1824. fol.

_Mart. Palm. Ic._--Von Martius (Carl F. P.). Genera et Species
Palmarum quas in Itinere per Brasiliam collegit. _Monach._ 1824.
fol.

_Mas._--Masson. A collector of plants at the Cape, and elsewhere.

_Mass. St._--Masson (Francis). Stapeliæ novæ. fol. _London_, 1798.

_Mat. Com._--Mathiolus (P. Andr.). Commentarii in Libros
Dioscoridis de Medica Materia.

_Mat. Op._--Mathiolus (P. Andr.). Opera Omnia. fol. _Francof._
1598; _Basiliæ_, 1674.

_Mayer._--Several German botanists of this name.

_Med._--Medicus. A German botanist of the eighteenth century.

_Mee. Ic._--Meerburg (Nicol). Plantarum selectarum Icones pictæ.
fol. _L. Bat._ 1798.

_Mém. M._--Mémoires du Museum d’Histoire Naturelle. 4to. _Paris_,
1815-1829.

_Mém. Mosc._--Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes
de Moscow. 6 vols. 4to. _Moscow_, 1811, &c.

_Men. Pu._--Mentzel (Christ.). Pugillus Plantarum rariorum. fol.
1682.

_Menz._--Menzies. A Scotch botanist, and traveller round the
world with Vancouver.

_Mer. Sur._--Merian (Maria Sybilla). De Metamorphosibus
Insectorum Surinamensium. fol. _Hagæ_, 1726.

_Merat._--Merat. A French botanist.

_Mert._--Mertens. A French botanist.

_Mey._--Meyer. A German botanist.

_Mic. Am._--Michaux (André). Flora Boreali-Americana. 2 vols.
8vo. _Paris_, 1803.

_Mic. Ar._--Michaux (André Franc. fils). Histoire des Arbres
forestiers de l’Amérique Septentrionale. 3 vols. 4to. _Paris_,
1810-1813.

_Mic. Gen._--Micheli (Peter Ant.). Nova Plantarum Genera. fol.
_Florence_, 1729.

_Mic. Quer._--Michaux (André). Histoire des Chènes de l’Amérique
Septentrionale. fol. _Paris_, 1801.

_Mich._--Micheli. A Florentine botanist.

_Miers._--Miers. A South American collector.

_Mik._--Mikan. A German writer on Brazilian plants.

_Mil._--Miller. An English gardener and botanist.

_Mil. D. Ed._--Miller (Philip). Gardener’s Dictionary. Second
edition. 2 vols. fol. _London_, 1760.

_Mil. Ic._--Miller (Philip). Figures of plants described in the
Gardener’s Dictionary. 2 vols. fol. _London_, 1760.

_Mir._--Mirbel. A French physiological botanist.

_Mo. Gr._--Monti (Josephus). Catalogi Stirpium Agri Bononiensis
Prodromus Gramina et Affinia complectens. 4to. _Bononiæ_, 1719.

_Moc._--Mocino. A Mexican botanist.

_Moen._--Moench. A German botanist.

_Moen. Wei._--Moench (Conrad). Verzeichniss ausländischer Bäume
des Lustschlosses Weissenstein. 8vo. _Frankf._ 1785.

_Mohr._--Mohr. A German cryptogamic writer.

_Mol._--Molina. An Italian writer upon the natural history of
Chile.

_Mon._--Montin. A Swedish botanist.

_Mor._--Morison. An old writer on plants.

_Mord._--Mordant de Launy. A French botanist.

_Moret._--Moretti. An Italian botanist.

_Moug._--Mougeot. A German cryptogamic botanist.

_Muhl._--Muhlenberg. A North American botanist.

_Muhl. Dan._--Müller (Ott Frid.). Flora Danica. vols. 4 and 5.
The rest by Vahl and Hornemann. 5 vols. fol. _Havniæ_, 1766-1782.

_Munt. Ph._--Munting (Abrah.). Phytographia curiosa. fol. 1702.
1713. 1727.

_Mur._--Murray. A German botanist.

_Mur. Pr._--Murray (Joh. Andr.). Prodromus Designationis Stirpium
Göttingensium. 8vo. _Götting._ 1770.

_Mus._--Mussin-Puschkin. A Russian botanist, and traveller in
Caucasus.

_Musc. Brit._--Hooker and Taylor. Muscologia Britannica. 8vo.
_London_, 1818.

_Musc. Hib._--Turner (Dawson). Muscologiæ Hibernicæ Specimen.
12mo. _London_, 1804.

_Mutis._--Mutis. A Spanish botanist, resident in New Grenada.

_Mx._--Michaux. A French botanist, and traveller in North America.

_N. A. P._--Nova Acta Academiæ Scientiarum Imperialis
Petropolitanæ.

_N. C. G._--Novi Commentarii Societatis Regiæ Scientiarum
Göttingensis. 4to. 1751, to the present time.

_N. C. P._--Novi Commentarii Academiæ Imperialis Petropolitanæ.