Chapter XCVIII: Appendix: Courses for Study or Reading (5)
J. N. Larned:
Europe,
1109-1110 (1081-1082).
9. THE PEACE OF NIMEGUEN
(A. D. 1678-1679):
H. Martin:
History of France,
2414 (2362).
O. Airy:
The English Restoration,
2414-2415 (2362-2363).
J. C. Morison:
Reign of Louis XIV.,
2338 (2290).
10. FRENCH ABSORPTION OF ALSACE AND LORRAINE
(A. D. 1679-1681):
G. B. Malleson:
Battlefields of Germany,
1513-1514 (1480-1481).
G. W. Kitchin:
History of France,
1518-1519 (1485-1486).
W. Coxe:
House of Austria,
1519 (1486).
J. B. Perkins:
France under Mazarin,
2086-2087 (2042-2043).
H. Martin:
History of France,
1268-1269 (1236-1237).
11. LOUIS XIV.’S PERSECUTION OF THE HUGUENOTS:
S. Smiles:
History of the Huguenots,
1265-1266 (1233-1234).
A. de Lamartine:
Bossuet,
1269 (1237).
R. L. Poole:
Huguenots of the Dispersion,
1270 (1237-1238).
12. WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF AUGSBURG
(A. D. 1689-1697):
E. Hale:
Fall of the Stuarts,
1271 (1239).
T. B. Macaulay:
History of England,
1271 (1239).
W. K. Sullivan:
Irish History,
1813 (1773).
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
1271-1272 (1239-1240).
H. D. Traill:
William the Third,
1272-1273 (1240-1241).
T. B. Macaulay:
History of England,
1273-1274 (1241-1242).
G. P. R. James:
Life of Louis XIV.,
1275 (1243).
13. THE PEACE OF RYSWICK
(A. D. 1697):
J. W. Gerard:
The Peace of Utrecht,
1275-1276 (1243-1244).
H. Martin:
History of France,
1276 (1244).
14. THE WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION
(A. D. 1702-1714):
See Study XXXII.
15. FURTHER RELIGIOUS PERSECUTIONS:
(a) The Camisards.
H. M. Baird:
The Camisard Uprising,
1276 (1244-1245).
(b) The Port Royalists.
J. Tulloch:
Pascal,
2637 (2565).
J. B. Perkins:
France under Mazarin,
2637-2639 (2565-2567).
H. Martin:
History of France,
2639 (2567).
Duke of Saint Simon:
Memoirs,
2639-2640 (2568).
J. I. von Döllinger:
European History,
2640 (2568).
16. THE PAPACY:
L. von Ranke:
History of the Popes,
2524-2525 (2462-2463).
A. R. Pennington:
Epochs of the Papacy,
2525-2526 (2463-2464).
17. DEATH OF LOUIS XIV., AND STATE OF THE KINGDOM
(A. D. 1715):
A. Thierry:
The Tiers État,
1278 (1246).
{778}
Y. Duruy:
History of France,
1278-1279 (1246-1247).
"When the reign, which was to crown … the ascendant march of
the French monarchy, had falsified the unbounded hopes which
its commencement had excited; when in the midst of fruitless
victories and continually increasing reverses, the people
beheld progress in all the branches of public economy changed
into distress,—the ruin of the finances, industry, and
agriculture—the exhaustion of all the resources of the
country,—the impoverishment of all classes of the nation, the
dreadful misery of the population, they were seized with a
bitter disappointment of spirit, which took the place of the
enthusiasm of their confidence and love."
A. THIERRY.
"Succeeding generations have remembered only the numerous
victories, Europe defied, France for twenty years
preponderant, and the incomparable splendor of the Court of
Versailles, with its marvels of letters and arts, which have
given to the 17th century the name of the age of Louis XIV. It
is for history to show the price which France has paid for her
King’s vain attempts abroad to rule over Europe, and at home
to enslave the wills and consciences of men. … The weight of
the authority of Louis XIV. had been crushing during his last
years. When the nation felt it lifted, it breathed more
freely; the court and the city burst into disrespectful
demonstrations of joy; the very coffin of the great King was
insulted."
V. DURUY.
18. ACCESSION AND CHARACTER OF LOUIS XV.
(A. D. 1715-1774);
V. Duruy:
History of France,
1278-1279 (1246-1247).
W. Smyth;
The French Revolution,
1280 (1248).
J. B. Perkins:
France under the Regency,
1280-1281 (1248-1249).
19. POLAND;
S. A. Dunham:
History of Poland,
2613 (2545).
E. Gibbon:
Decline and Fall,
2100 (2056).
W. Koch:
Revolutions in Europe,
2613-2614 (2545-2546).
Westminster Review:
Poland: Her History and Prospects,
2614-2615 (2546-2547).
Westminster Review:
Poland: Her History and Prospects,
2616-2617 (2548-2549).
S. A. Dunham:
History of Poland,
2619-2620 (2551-2552).
20. RUSSIA:
V. Thomsen:
Russia and Scandinavia,
2829 (2755).
E. A. Freeman:
Historical Geography of Europe,
2830 (2756).
C. F. Johnstone:
Historical Abstracts,
2830-2832 (2756-2758).
A. Leroy-Beaulieu:
Empire of the Tsars,
2832 (2758).
H. S. Edwards:
The Romanoffs,
2832-2833 (2758-2759).
A. Rambaud:
History of Russia,
2833 (2759).
Voltaire:
History of Charles XII.,
2835 (2761).
21. SWEDEN:
(a) Early History.
H. H. Howorth:
History of Sweden,
2890 (2815).
R. G. Latham:
Nationalities of Europe,
2890-2891 (2825-2816).
E. A. Freeman:
Historical Geography of Europe,
2891-2892 (2816-2817).
T. Carlyle:
Early Kings of Norway,
2892 (2817).
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
2893-2894 (2818-2819).
C. R. Fletcher:
Gustavus Adolphus,
2894-2896 (2819-2821).
J. L. Stevens:
Gustavus Adolphus,
2897 (2822).
(b) From the Thirty Years’ War.
J. Mitchell:
Life of Wallenstein,
1505-1506 (1473).
G. P. R. James:
Wallenstein,
1506-1507 (1473-1474).
F. Schiller:
The Thirty Years’ War,
1507-1508 (1475).
B. Chapman:
Gustavus Adolphus,
1509-1510 (1477).
C. M. Yonge:
English History,
1510-1511 (1478).
L. Häusser:
The Reformation,
1514-1515 (1481-1482).
E. C. Otté:
Scandinavian History,
2897-2899 (2824).
22. WARS OF CHARLES XII. OF SWEDEN:
Voltaire:
History of Charles XII.,
2899-2900 (2824-2825).
A. Crichton:
Scandinavia,
2900-2901 (2825-2826).
W. C. Taylor:
Modern History,
2901-2903 (2826-2828).
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
2903 (2828).
J. N. Larned:
Europe,
1111-1112 (1083-1084).
23. RAPID ADVANCE OF PRUSSIA:
T. B. Macaulay:
Frederic the Great,
1524 (1490).
H. von Sybel:
Founding of the German Empire,
1524-1525 (1490-1491).
L. P. Ségur:
Frederic William II.,
1528 (1494).
24. WAR OF THE AUSTRIAN SUCCESSION
(A. D. 1740-1748):
See Study XXXIII.
25. THE SEVEN YEARS’ WAR
(A. D. 1754-1763):
See Study XXXIII.
26. THE PARTITION OF POLAND:
G. W. Kitchin:
History of France,
2621 (2553).
H. von Sybel:
First Partition of Poland,
2621-2623 (2553-2555).
T. Carlyle:
Frederick the Great,
2623 (2555).
Sir J. Mackintosh:
The Partition of Poland,
2623-2624 (2555-2556).
A. Rambaud:
History of Russia,
2624-2625 (2556-2557).
J. N. Larned:
Europe,
1115-1116 (1087-1088).
See Maps between pages
1114-1115 and 2622-2623 (1086-1087 and 2554-2555).
27. THE GENERAL ATTACK UPON THE JESUIT ORDER:
H. M. Stephens:
The Story of Portugal,
1932-1933 (1891-1892).
W. H. Jervis:
The Church of France,
1933-1934 (1892-1893).
Clement XIV. and the Jesuits,
1934-1935 (1893-1894).
28. EUROPE ON THE EVE OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION:
J. N. Larned:
Europe,
1116-1117 (1088-1089).
A. Sorel:
Europe and the French Revolution,
1283-1284 (3755-3756).
E. J. Lowell:
Eve of the French Revolution,
1286-1287 (1253-1254).
Sarah Tytler:
Marie Antoinette,
1287-1288 (1254-1255).
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1288-1289 (1255-1256).
W. Bagehot:
William Pitt,
968-969 (941-942).
T. E. May:
Constitutional History of England,
969 (942).
C. T. Lewis:
History of Germany,
1536-1537 (1503).
I. Butt:
History of Italy,
1892-1893 (1852-1853).
A. Sorel:
Europe and the French Revolution,
3081-3082 (3804-3805).
C. E. Mallet:
The French Revolution,
228-229 (221-222).
STUDY XXXV.
Page references in first 1895 edition in parentheses.
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (A. D. 1789-1796).
1. THE GOVERNMENT OF LOUIS XVI.:
A. Thiers:
The French Revolution,
1285-1286 (1252-1253).
E. J. Lowell:
Eve of the French Revolution,
1286-1287 (1253-1254).
Sarah Tytler:
Marie Antoinette,
1287-1288 (1254-1255).
{779}
2. THE FRENCH PEOPLE AT THE OUTBREAK OF THE REVOLUTION:
H. A. Taine:
Ancien Régime,
1289-1291 (1256-1258).
T. H. Huxley:
The Revolutionary Spirit,
1291 (1258).
Chancellor Pasquier:
Memoirs,
1291-1292 (1258-1259).
H. von Holst:
The French Revolution,
1292 (3757).
M. de la Rocheterie:
Marie Antoinette,
1292 (1259).
"'I am miserable because too much is taken from me. Too much
is taken from me because not enough is taken from the
privileged. Not only do the privileged force me to pay in
their place, but, again, they previously deduct from my
earnings their ecclesiastical and feudal dues. When, out of my
income of 100 francs, I have parted with 58 francs, or more,
to the collector, I am obliged again to give 14 francs to the
seignior, also more than 14 for tithes, and, out of the
remaining 18 or 19 francs I have additionally to satisfy the
exciseman.' … These, in precise terms, are the vague ideas
beginning to ferment in the popular brain and encountered on
every page of the records of the States-General. … The
privileged wrought their own destruction."
H. A. TAINE.
"In 1791, long before the inauguration of the Reign of Terror,
there were in a population of 650,000 [in Paris], 118,000
paupers. Under the 'ancien regime' the immigrant proletariat
from the country was by the law barred out from all ways of
earning a livelihood except as common day laborers, and the
wages of these were in 1788, on an average, 26 cents for men
and 15 for women, while the price of bread was higher than in
our times. What a gigantic heap of ferment!"
H. VON HOLST.
3. THE STATES-GENERAL:
Sir J. Stephen:
History of France,
3108-3109 (3027).
F. P. Guizot:
History of France,
3109 (3027).
Lord Brougham:
History of England and France,
2555 (2489).
Bussey and Gaspey:
History of France,
1197, second column, (1165).
A. Thierry:
Formation of the Tiers État,
1202-1203 (1170-1171).
Voltaire:
Modern History,
1249, first column, (1216).
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1288-1289 (1255-1256).
H. von Sybel:
The French Revolution,
1292-1293 (1259-1260).
4. THE THIRD ESTATE; THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
(JUNE, 1789):
W. Stubbs:
Constitutional History of England,
1014 (986).
A. Thierry:
Formation of the Third Estate,
1014 (986).
W. E. H. Lecky:
History of England,
1293-1294 (1260-1261).
5. THE MOB IN ARMS;
FALL OF THE BASTILLE
(JULY 14, 1789):
Chambers’ Miscellany:
History of the Bastille,
280 (271).
H. A. Taine:
The French Revolution,
1294-1295 (1261-1262).
Chancellor Pasquier:
Memoirs,
1295-1296 (1262-1263).
6. THE WORK OF THE ASSEMBLY;
THE DECLARATION OF RIGHTS:
B. Tuckerman:
Life of Lafayette,
1296-1297 (1264).
H. M. Stephens:
The French Revolution,
1297-1298 (1264-1265).
G. H. Lewes:
Life of Robespierre,
1298-1299 (1265-1266).
G. H. Lewes:
Life of Robespierre,
1656 (1618).
7. THE ATTACK OF THE WOMEN ON VERSAILLES:
T. Carlyle:
The French Revolution,
1299-1300 (1266-1267).
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1300-1301 (1267-1268).
8. THE NEW CONSTITUTION (A. D. 1789-1791):
Sir T. E. May:
Democracy in Europe,
1301 (1268).
W. O’C. Morris:
The French Revolution,
1301-1302 (1268-1269).
9. THE EMIGRATION OF THE NOBILITY:
Chancellor Pasquier:
Memoirs,
1297 (1264).
W. O’C. Morris:
The French Revolution,
1302, first column, (1269).
10. THE RISE OF THE CLUBS:
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1302 (1269).
H. von Sybel:
The French Revolution,
1302 (1269).
G. H. Lewes:
Life of Robespierre,
1302-1303 (1270).
J. Michelet:
The French Revolution,
1303 (1270).
11. THE ATTITUDE OF FOREIGN POWERS;
FLIGHT OF THE KING
(A. D. 1791):
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
1303-1304 (1270-1271).
H. von Sybel:
The French Revolution,
1304-1305 (1271-1272).
12. The GIRONDISTS:
H. Van Laun:
The Revolutionary Epoch,
1306 (1273).
A. de Lamartine:
The Girondists,
1306 (1273).
H. von Sybel:
The French Revolution,
1306-1307 (1273-1274).
W. E. H. Lecky:
History of England,
1307 (1274).
R. Lodge:
Modern Europe,
1307-1308 (1274-1275).
13. WAR WITH AUSTRIA AND PRUSSIA;
MOB RULE IN PARIS
(A. D. 1792):
A. Griffiths:
Revolutionary Generals,
1308-1309 (1275-1276).
B. M. Gardiner:
The French Revolution,
1309-1310 (1276-1277).
H. M. Stephens:
The French Revolution,
1310-1312 (1277-1279).
14. THE SEPTEMBER MASSACRES
(A. D. 1792):
A. de Lamartine:
The Girondists,
1312-1313 (1280).
H. A. Taine:
The French Revolution,
1313-1314 (1280-1281).
15. THE PROCLAMATION OF THE REPUBLIC
(SEPTEMBER 21, 1792):
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1314-1316 (1283).
C. MacFarlane:
The French Revolution,
1332 (1299).
H. M. Stephens:
The French Revolution,
1332 (1299).
16. FIRST SUCCESSES OF THE REPUBLICAN ARMY:
C. F. Johnstone:
Historical Abstracts,
2345-2346 (2297-2298).
C. E. Mallet:
The French Revolution,
228-229 (221-222).
H. von Sybel:
The French Revolution,
1537-1539 (1503-1505).
C. A. Fyffe:
Modern Europe,
1316-1317 (1283-1284).
17. THE TRIAL, SENTENCE, AND EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI.
(JANUARY, 1793):
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1317-1318 (1284-1285).
W. O’C. Morris:
The First Empire,
1318 (1285).
T. Carlyle:
The French Revolution,
1319-1320 (1286-1287).
18. INCREASING ANARCHY;
THE REVOLUTIONARY TRIBUNAL:
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
1320-1321 (1287-1288).
H. M. Stephens:
The French Revolution,
1322-1324 (1289-1291).
{780}
19. THE INSURRECTION IN LA VENDÉE
(A. D. 1793):
A. Thiers:
The French Revolution,
1321-1322 (1288-1289).
A. de Lamartine:
The Girondists,
1324-1325 (1292).
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1325 (1292).
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1327-1328 (1294-1295).
20. FORMATION OF EUROPEAN COALITION AGAINST FRANCE:
J. R. Green:
History of the English People,
969-970 (942-943).
Goldwin Smith:
Three English Statesmen,
970 (943).
G. W. Cooke:
History of Party,
970 (943).
H. von Sybel:
The French Revolution,
1318 (1285).
J. R. Green:
History of the English People,
1318 (1285).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1324 (1291).
21. THE COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY
(AUGUST, 1793):
R. Lodge:
Modern Europe,
1325-1326 (1292-1293).
L. Gronlund:
Ça Ira,
1326 (1293).
22. CHARLOTTE CORDAY;
THE ASSASSINATION OF MARAT:
B. M. Gardiner:
The French Revolution,
1326-1327 (1293-1294).
23. THE "REIGN OF TERROR";
EXECUTION OF MARIE ANTOINETTE, AND MME. ROLAND
(A. D. 1793):
H. Martin:
History of France,
1329-1331 (1296-1298).
H. M. Stephens:
The French Revolution,
1331-1332 (1298-1299).
Sir T. E. May:
Democracy in Europe,
1333 (1300).
T. Carlyle:
The French Revolution,
1333-1334 (1300-1301).
J. N. Larned:
Europe,
1119-1120 (1091-1092).
24. ABANDONMENT OF CHRISTIANITY; THE WORSHIP OF REASON:
C. MacFarlane:
The French Revolution,
1332 (1299).
W. H. Jervis:
The Gallican Church,
1332-1333 (1299-1300).
John Morley;
Robespierre,
1334-1335 (1301-1302).
"Before the year ended [1793] the legislators of Paris voted
that there was no God, and destroyed or altered nearly
everything that had any reference to Christianity. … They
decreed that on the 10th of November the ‘Worship of Reason’
should be inaugurated at Notre Dame. A temple dedicated to
‘Philosophy’ was erected on a platform in the middle of the
choir. A motley procession of citizens of both sexes, headed
by the constituted authorities, advanced towards it; on their
approach, the Goddess of Reason, impersonated by a well known
figurante of the opera, took her seat upon a grassy throne in
front of the temple; a hymn, composed in her honor by the poet
Chenier, was sung by a body of young girls dressed in white
and bedecked with flowers; and the multitude bowed the knee
before her in profound adoration. It was the ‘abomination of
desolation sitting in the holy place.’ … The example set by
Paris, was faithfully repeated, if not surpassed in atrocity,
throughout the provinces. Religion was proscribed, churches
closed, Christian ordinances interdicted; the dreary gloom of
atheistical despotism overspread the land."
W. H. JERVIS.
25. PROGRESS OF THE WAR AGAINST THE COALITION
(A. D. 1793-1794):
W. O’C. Morris:
The French Revolution,
1328 (1295).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1328-1329 (1296).
W. Massey:
History of England,
1336-1337 (1303-1304).
26. THE CLIMAX OF THE "REIGN OF TERROR" (A. D. 1794);
THE 22D PRAIRIAL;
John Morley:
Robespierre,
1337-1338 (1304-1305).
H. von Sybel:
The French Revolution,
1338 (1305).
A. Thiers:
The French Revolution,
1338 (1305).
H. A. Taine:
The French Revolution,
1338 (1305).
"It is estimated that, in the eleven western departments, the
dead of both sexes and of all ages exceeded 400,000.
Considering the programme and principles of the Jacobin sect,
this is no great number; they might have killed a good many
more. But time was wanting; during their short reign they did
what they could with the instrument in their hands."
H. A. TAINE.
27. FALL OF ROBESPIERRE; END OF THE "REIGN OF TERROR"
(JULY, 1794):
J. E. Symes:
The French Revolution,
1338-1339 (1305-1306).
T. B. Macaulay:
Barère’s Memoirs,
1340 (1307).
H. Martin:
History of France,
1340 (1307).
Sergent Marceau:
Reminiscences of a Regicide,
1340 (1307).
B. M. Gardiner:
The French Revolution,
1340-1341 (1307-1308).
28. PROGRESS OF THE FOREIGN WARS:
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
1341-1342 (1308-1309).
H. Van Laun:
The Revolutionary Epoch,
1342-1343 (1309-1310).
H. Martin:
History of France,
1345-1346 (1312-1313).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1346 (1313).
29. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE YEAR III.
(A. D. 1795):
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1343-1344 (1310-1311).
A. Thiers:
The French Revolution,
1344-1345 (1311-1312).
30. NAPOLEON BONAPARTE; THE DIRECTORY
(A. D. 1795):
J. G. Lockhart:
Life of Napoleon,
1346-1347 (1314).
E. de Bonnechose:
History of France,
1347 (1314).
"Within five days from the ‘Day of the Sections’ Buonaparte
was named second in command of the army of the interior; and
shortly afterwards, Barras finding his duties as Director
sufficient to occupy his time, gave up the command-in-chief of
the same army to his ‘little Corsican officer.’"
J. G. LOCKHART.
STUDY XXXVI.
Page references in first 1895 edition in parentheses.
FRANCE UNDER NAPOLEON (A. D. 1795-1815).
1. NAPOLEON IN COMMAND
(A. D. 1795):
J. G. Lockhart:
Life of Napoleon,
1346-1347 (1313-1314).
E. de Bonnechose:
History of France,
1347 (1314).
J. N. Larned:
Europe,
1120 (1092).
2. THE ITALIAN CAMPAIGN
(A. D. 1796-1797):
C. A. Fyffe:
Modern Europe,
1347-1349 (1314-1316).
Count de Melito:
Memoirs,
1349 (1316).
R. Lodge:
Modern Europe,
1349-1350 (1316-1317).
3. THE STATE OF ENGLAND:
A. Alison:
History of Europe,
970-971 (943-944).
T. Wright:
History of France,
1349 (1316).
W. Bagehot:
Lombard Street,
2255 (2211).
4. THE OVERTHROW OF VENICE;
PEACE OF CAMPO FORMIO:
T. Mitchell:
Rise of Napoleon,
1350-1351 (1317-1318).
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
1351-1352 (1318-1319).
See Map between pages 2622-2623 (2554-2555).
{781}
5. THE COUP D’ÉTAT OF THE 18TH FRUCTIDOR
(A. D. 1797):
E. de Bonnechose:
History of France,
1352-1353 (1319-1320).
A. Thiers:
The French Revolution,
1353 (1320).
Chevalier O’Clery:
The Italian Revolution,
1353-1354 (1320-1321).
6. THE UNITED STATES AND THE REVOLUTION;
THE X. Y. Z. LETTERS:
E. Everett:
Life of Washington,
3422 (3306).
H. C. Lodge:
George Washington,
3422 (3306).
T. W. Higginson:
The United States,
3431 (3315).
"The plan of this covert intercourse came through the private
Secretary of M. de Talleyrand, then French Minister for
Foreign Affairs; and the impudence of these three letters of
the alphabet went so far as to propose" a bribe of 1,200,000
francs. ‘You must pay money, a great deal of money,’ remarked
Monsieur Y. The secret of these names was kept, but the
diplomatic correspondence was made public, and created much
wrath in Europe, as well as in America. … At last the insults
passed beyond bearing, and it was at this time that ‘millions
for defense, not one cent for tribute,’ first became a
proverbial phrase, having been originally used by Charles C.
Pinckney."
T. W. HIGGINSON.
7. THE HELVETIC REPUBLIC:
H. Zschokke:
History of Switzerland,
3133-3134 (3049-3050).
C. A. Fyffe:
Modern Europe,
3134-3135 (3050-3051).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
3135 (3051).
8. Napoleon in Egypt (A. D. 1798-1799);
Battle of the Nile:
W. Massey:
History of England,
1354-1355 (1321-1322).
J. G. Lockhart:
Life of Napoleon,
1357-1359 (1326).
9. THE SECOND EUROPEAN COALITION
(A. D. 1798-1799):
H. Van Laun:
The Revolutionary Epoch,
1355-1357 (1322-1324).
T. Wright:
History of France,
1359-1360 (1326-1327).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1360-1361 (1327-1328).
Sir W. Scott:
Life of Napoleon,
1361 (1328).
F. C. Schlosser:
The Eighteenth Century,
1361-1362 (1328-1329).
J. Adolphus:
History of England,
1362 (1329).
10. END OF THE FIRST REPUBLIC;
NAPOLEON FIRST CONSUL
(A. D. 1799):
C. K. Adams:
Democracy in France,
1362-1364 (1329-1331).
F. A. Mignet:
The French Revolution,
1364 (1331).
F. C. Schlosser:
The Eighteenth Century,
1364-1365 (1331-1332).
11. THE SECOND CONQUEST OF ITALY;
PEACE OF LUNEVILLE
(A. D. 1800-1801):
R. H. Horne:
Napoleon Bonaparte,
1365-1366 (1332-1333).
W. O’C. Morris:
The French Revolution,
1366-1367 (1333-1334).
Sir W. Scott:
Life of Napoleon,
1367 (1334).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1539-1540 (1505-1506).
C. T. Lewis:
History of Germany,
1540 (1506).
12. LOUISIANA WRESTED FROM SPAIN AND SOLD TO THE UNITED STATES
(A. D. 1802-1803):
M. Thompson:
The Story of Louisiana,
2093-2094 (2049-2050).
C. F. Robertson:
The Louisiana Purchase,
2094 (2050).
H. von Holst:
Constitutional History of the United States,
3443 (3327).
T. M. Cooley:
The Acquisition of Louisiana,
3443-3444 (3327-3328).
Henry Adams:
History of the United States,
3444 (3328).
13. THE "CONTINENTAL SYSTEM"; NAPOLEON’S DOMESTIC POLICIES:
J. R. Green:
The English People,
1368-1369 (1335-1336).
L. Levi:
British Commerce,
1379-1380 (1346-1347).
Captain A. T. Mahan:
Influence of Sea Power,
1380-1381 (1347-1348).
H. Martin:
History of Europe,
1369-1370 (1336-1337).
C. A. Fyffe:
Modern Europe,
1370-1371 (1337-1338).
P. Lanfrey:
History of Napoleon,
1371 (1338).
M. Arnold:
Schools on the Continent,
738-739 (715-16).
"The significance of the Peace of Luneville lay in this, not
only that it was the close of the earlier revolutionary
struggle in Europe; … but that it marked the concentration of
all her energies in a struggle with Britain for the supremacy
of the world. … The country [Britain] stood utterly alone
while the Peace of Luneville secured France from all hostility
on the Continent. … To strike at England’s wealth had been
among the projects of the Directory; it was now the dream of
the First Consul. … Her carrying trade must be annihilated if
he closed every port against her ships. It was this gigantic
project of a 'Continental System' that revealed itself as soon
as Buonaparte became master of France."
J. R. GREEN.
14. WAR DECLARED BY GREAT BRITAIN;
NAPOLEON BECOMES EMPEROR:
H. Martineau:
History of England,
1371-1373 (1338-1340).
J. R. Seeley:
History of Napoleon I.,
1373-1374 (1340-1341).
Chancellor Pasquier:
Memoirs,
1374 (1341).
Sir W. Scott:
Life of Napoleon,
1374-1375 (1341-1342).
15. THIRD EUROPEAN COALITION;
TRAFALGAR AND AUSTERLITZ
(A. D. 1805):
R. Lodge:
Modern Europe,
1375 (1342).
J. F. Bright:
History of England,
1375-1376 (1342-1343).
W. O’C. Morris:
Napoleon,
1376-1377 (1343-1344).
16. THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST PRUSSIA AND RUSSIA
(A. D. 1806-1807):
W. Menzel:
History of Germany,
1540-1541 (1506-1507).
J. Bryce:
Holy Roman Empire,
1541 (1507).
J. G. Lockhart:
Life of Napoleon,
1542-1544 (1510).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1544-1545 (1511).
H. Martin:
History of France,
1545-1546 (1511-1512).
A. Rambaud:
History of Russia,
1546-1547 (1513).
R. Lodge:
Modern Europe,
1547 (1513).
C. Joyneville:
Life of Alexander I.,
1547-1548 (1514).
17. THE CHARACTER OF NAPOLEON’S EMPIRE AND RULE:
W. O ’C. Morris:
The French Revolution,
1381-1382 (1348-1349).
P. Lanfrey:
History of Napoleon,
1382 (1349).
Sir H. L. Bulwer:
Historical Characters,
1382-1383 (1349-1350).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1383-1384 (1350-1351).
H. Martin:
History of France,
2526 (2464).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
2526-2527 (2464-2465).
M. Talleyrand:
Memoirs,
2527-2528 (2465-2466)
18. THE PENINSULAR WAR
(A. D. 1808-1814):
M. M. Busk:
History of Portugal,
2647-2648 (2576).
J. R. Seeley:
Napoleon I.,
3082-3083 (3000-3001).
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
3083-3084 (3001-3002).
P. Lanfrey:
History of Napoleon I.,
1384 (1351).
H. R. Clinton:
The War in the Peninsula,
3084 (3002).
C. Knight:
History of England,
3084-3085 (3002-3003).
H. R. Clinton:
War in the Peninsula,
3087 (3005).
The Times:
Memoir of Wellington,
3087-3089 (3007).
T. Hamilton:
The Peninsular Campaigns,
3089-3090 (3907-3908).
P. Lanfrey:
History of Napoleon I.,
3091 (3009).
{782}
General Vane:
The Peninsular War,
3092 (3010).
J. F. Bright:
History of England,
3092-3093 (3010-3011).
J. N. Larned:
Europe,
1123 (1095).
19. THE RUSSIAN CAMPAIGN
(A. D. 1812):
J. R. Seeley:
History of Napoleon,
1385-1386 (1353).
P. Lanfrey:
History of Napoleon I.,
1386 (1353).
E. Labaume:
The Campaign in Russia,
1386 (1353).
A. Rambaud:
History of Russia,
2842-2843 (2768-2769).
L. Tolstoi:
The Russian Campaign,
2843-2844 (2769-2770).
A. Thiers:
History of the Empire,
2844-2845 (2771).
V. Duruy:
History of France,
2845-2846 (2771-2772).
Sir R. Wilson:
The Invasion of Russia,
2846-2847 (2772-2773).
E. Labaume:
The Campaign in Russia,
2847 (2773).
A. Thiers:
History of the Empire,
1387 (1354).
20. THE GERMANIC UPRISING;
BATTLE OF LEIPSIC
(A. D. 1812-1813):
H. Martin:
History of France,
1555-1556 (1521-1522).
W. Menzel:
History of Germany,
1556 (1522).
J. Mitchell:
The Fall of Napoleon,
1557-1558 (1523-1524).
J. G. Lockhart:
Life of Napoleon,
1558-1559 (1525).
R. H. Horne:
History of Napoleon,
1560 (1526).
C. T. Lewis:
History of Germany,
1561-1562 (1528).
W. Hazlitt:
Life of Napoleon,
1562-1563 (1528-1529).
A. Thiers:
History of the Empire,
1563 (1529).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1563-1564 (1530).
21. INVASION OF THE ALLIES;
ABDICATION OF NAPOLEON
(A. D. 1814):
A. Rambaud:
History of Russia,
1387-1389 (1354-1356).
J. Mitchell:
The Fall of Napoleon,
1389-1391 (1356-1358).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1895 (1855).
W. R. Thayer:
Dawn of Italian Independence,
1895-1896 (1855-1856).
I. Butt:
History of Italy,
1896-1897 (1856-1857).
"The act of abdication was worded in the following terms: 'The
Allied Powers having proclaimed that the Emperor Napoleon is
the sole obstacle to the re-establishment of peace in Europe,
the Emperor Napoleon, faithful to his oath, declares that he
is ready to descend from the throne, to quit France, and even
to relinquish life, for the good of the country, which is
inseparable from the rights of his son, from those of the
regency in the person of the Empress, and from the maintenance
of the laws of the Empire. Done at our palace of Fontainbleau,
4th April, 1814. Napoleon.'"
J. MITCHELL.
22. THE POPE AND THE JESUITS:
M. Talleyrand:
Memoirs,
2527-2528 (2465-2466).
Fraser’s Magazine:
The Jesuits,
1935 (1894).
23. THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA
(SEPTEMBER, 1814):
C. A. Fyffe:
Modern Europe,
3745-3747 (3624-3626).
R. Lodge:
Modern Europe,
3747 (3626).
24. THE NEW GOVERNMENT;
LOUIS XVIII.:
H. Martin:
History of France,
1391-1392 (1358-1359).
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
1392 (1359).
25. THE "ONE HUNDRED DAYS";
WATERLOO
(A. D. JUNE 18, 1815):
G. Hooper:
Waterloo,
1392-1394 (1359-1361).
H. R. Clinton:
Wellington’s Campaigns,
1394-1396 (1361-1363).
G. Hooper:
Waterloo,
1396-1397 (1363-1364).
Baron de Jomini:
The Campaign of Waterloo,
1397-1398 (1364-1365).
J. R. Seeley:
Napoleon I.,
1398-1399 (1365-1366).
Sir A. Alison:
History of Europe,
1399-1400 (1366-1367).
STUDY XXXVII.
Page references in first 1895 edition in parentheses.
THE AMERICAN COLONIES.
1. THE DISCOVERY OF NORTH AMERICA
(A. D. 1498):
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
58 (51).
H. Harrisse:
Discovery of North America,
59 (3678).
H. Harrisse:
Discovery of North America,
61 (3678).
2. THE ABORIGINES:
D. G. Brinton:
The Lenape,
84 (77).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
84-85 (77-78).
J. W. Powell:
Ethnological Report,
85 (78).
J. R. Brodhead:
History of New York,
85 (78).
3. EARLIEST ENGLISH VENTURES:
E. J. Payne:
Elizabethan Seamen,
74-75, 76 (67-69).
E. Hayes:
Sir Humphrey Gilbert,
76 (69).
I. N. Tarbox:
Sir Walter Raleigh,
77 (70).
J. A. Doyle:
English in America,
76-77 (69-70).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
77-78 (70-71).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
78-79 (71-72).
4. THE VIRGINIA COMPANY AND COLONY:
J. Fiske:
Beginnings of New England,
3748 (3627).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3748-3749 (3627-3628).
H. C. Lodge:
The English Colonies,
3749 (3628).
R. A. Brooke:
Virginia,
3749-3750 (3628-3629).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3751 (3630).
C. Campbell:
The Colony of Virginia,
3751-3752 (3630-3631).
H. B. Adams:
College of William and Mary,
749-750 (726-727).
5. VIRGINIA UNDER THE STUARTS:
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
3752 (3631).
R. Beverley:
History of Virginia,
3752-3753 (3632).
J. E. Cooke:
Virginia,
3753 (3632).
W. Ware:
Nathaniel Bacon,
3753-3755 (3632-3634).
6. THE MAYFLOWER AND THE PLYMOUTH COLONY
(A. D. 1620):
C. Deane:
New England,
2141 (2097).
F. B. Dexter:
The Pilgrim Church,
2141-2142 (2097-2098).
Goldwin Smith:
The American Colonies,
2142 (2098).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
2143 (2099).
W. T. Davis:
Ancient Plymouth,
2144-2145 (2100-2101).
7. THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMPANY:
H.C. Lodge:
English Colonies,
2145 (2101).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
2145 (2101).
J. B. Moore:
Governors of New Plymouth,
2146 (2101-2142).
J. Fiske:
Beginnings of New England,
2148 (2104).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2148-2149 (2104-2105).
8. FOUNDING OF BOSTON
(A. D. 1630):
S. A. Drake:
Around the Hub,
2146-2147 (2102-2103).
R. C. Winthrop:
Boston Founded,
2147 (2103).
G. G. Bush:
Harvard,
751 (728).
The Oldest School in America,
750-751 (727-728).
9. EARLY RELIGIOUS CONDITIONS;
J. G. Palfrey:
New England,
2147 (2103).
J. Fiske:
Beginnings of New England,
2147 (2103).
G. E. Ellis:
Early Massachusetts,
2147-2148 (2103-2104).
J. A. Doyle:
The American Colonies,
2149 (2105).
J. S. Barry:
Massachusetts,
2149 (2105).
G. E. Ellis:
Early Massachusetts,
2149-2150 (2105-2106).
C. F. Adams:
Massachusetts,
2150-2151 (2106-2107).
{783}
10. THE DUTCH SETTLEMENTS:
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
79-80 (72-73).
E. B. O’Callaghan:
New Netherlands,
2377 (2325).
J. R. Brodhead:
History of New York,
2377-2378 (2325-2326).
G. W. Schuyler:
Colonial New York,
2378-2379 (2326-2327).
G. Bancroft:
History of United States,
677 (654).
H. C. Lodge:
English Colonies,
2379-2380 (2327-2328).
J. W. Gerard:
William Kieft,
2380 (2328).
S. S. Randall:
History of New York,
2380 (2328).
H. R. Stiles:
History of Brooklyn,
2381 (2329).
Mrs. M. J. Lamb:
The City of New York,
2379, 2382 (2327, 2330).
11. THE BEGINNINGS OF CONNECTICUT
(A. D. 1634):
(a) The First Settlements.
B. Trumbull:
History of Connecticut,
510 (496).
C. W. Bowen:
Boundary Disputes,
510 (496).
A. Johnston:
Connecticut,
510 (496).
J. Fiske:
The Beginnings of New England,
510-511 (496-497).
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
513 (499).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
513 (499).
A. Johnston:
A New England State,
514-515 (500-501).
(b) Constitution Making.
A. Johnston:
A New England State,
511 (497).
Public Records of Colony of Connecticut,
511-513 (497-499).
Full Text of the Fundamental Orders,
511-513 (497-499).
(c) The Fundamental Agreement, and the "Blue Laws."
J. A. Doyle:
The Puritan Colonies,
513-514 (499-500).
C. H. Levermore:
New Haven,
514 (500).
J. H. Trumbull:
The True Blue Laws,
514 (3691-3692).
12. ROGER WILLIAMS, AND THE PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS:
(a) The Persecution of Williams.
S. G. Arnold:
History of Rhode Island,
2707 (2634).
T. Durfee:
Historical Discourse,
2707-2708 (2634-2635).
J. L. Diman:
Orations and Essays,
2708-2709 (2636).
J. R. Bartlett:
Letters of Roger Williams,
2709 (2636).
W. Gammell:
Life of Roger Williams,
2709-2710 (2636-2637).
J. D. Knowles:
Memoir of Roger Williams,
2710-2711 (2637-2638).
(b) Constitution of Providence Plantation.
G. W. Greene:
Rhode Island,
2712 (2639).
Stephen Hopkins:
The Planting of Providence,
2712-2714 (2639-2641).
(c) First Baptist Church.
W. R. Staples:
The Town of Providence,
2714 (2641).
13. THE FOUNDING OF RHODE ISLAND:
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
2711-2712 (2638-2639).
O. S. Straus:
Roger Williams,
2712 (2639).
14. LORD BALTIMORE, AND MARYLAND:
(a) The Planting of the Colony.
J. McSherry:
History of Maryland,
2135 (2091).
J. L. Bozman:
Maryland,
2135-2136 (2091-2092).
J. G. Shea:
Catholic Church in Colonial Days,
2136-2137 (2092-2093).
G. B. Keen:
New Albion,
2353 (2305).
(b) Religious Troubles, and Toleration.
J. A. Doyle:
English in America,
2137-2138 (2093-2094).
G. L. Davis:
American Freedom,
2138 (2094).
W. H. Browne:
Maryland,
2138 (2094).
H. C. Lodge:
The English Colonies,
2138-2139 (2094-2095).
15. THE SWEDISH SETTLEMENT IN DELAWARE:
J. R. Brodhead:
History of New York,
677 (654).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
677 (654).
B. Ferris:
Settlements on the Delaware,
677-678 (654-655).
G. W. Schuyler:
Colonial New York,
678 (655).
E. H. Roberts:
New York,
678-679 (655-656).
16. EARLY HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA:
(a) Rival Claims to Territory.
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2354 (2306).
W. H. Browne:
Maryland,
2135-2136 (2091-2092).
C. H. Levermore:
Republic of New Haven,
2368 (2319).
J. R. Brodhead:
History of New York,
2384-2385 (2332-2333).
(b) The Territory and Government of Penn.
Susan Coolidge:
History of Philadelphia,
2564-2565 (2498-2499).
Scharf and Westcott:
Philadelphia,
2565 (2499).
T. Clarkson:
Memoirs of Penn,
2565 (2499).
W. H. Dixon:
History of Penn,
2566-2567 (2500-2501).
B. A. Hinsdale:
Old Northwest,
2567 (2501).
J. Dunlop:
Controversy between Penn and Baltimore,
2567-2568 (2501-2502).
B. Fernow:
The Middle Colonies,
2568-2569 (2502-2503).
17. GENERAL REVIEW OP THE SETTLEMENT OF THE COLONIES, AND THEIR
RELATION TO THE MOTHER COUNTRY, 3281-3286 (3165-3170).
18. FIRST CONFEDERATION OF COLONIES
(A. D. 1643):
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
2357-2358 (2309-2310).
19. NEW AMSTERDAM BECOMES NEW YORK
(A. D. 1664):
J. A. Stevens:
The English in New York,
2382-2383 (2330-2331).
R. L. Fowler:
History of New York,
2383 (2331).
B. Tuckerman:
Peter Stuyvesant,
2384 (2332).
J. R. Brodhead:
History of New York,
2384-2385 (2332-2333).
J. R. Brodhead:
History of New York,
2336-2337 (2288-2289).
20. ATTEMPTED OVERTHROW OF CHARTERS;
ANDROS;
THE CHARTER OAK:
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
2385 (2333).
G. L. Austin:
History of Massachusetts,
2153-2154 (2109-2110).
Brooks Adams:
Emancipation of Massachusetts,
2154-2155 (2110-2111).
H. C. Lodge:
The English Colonies,
2155-2156 (2111-2112).
J. S. Barry:
History of Massachusetts,
2156-2157 (2112-2113).
G. H. Hollister:
History of Connecticut,
515 (501).
E. B. Sanford:
History of Connecticut,
515-516 (501-502).
A. Johnston:
Connecticut,
516 (502).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
516-517 (502-503).
{784}
21. KING PHILIP’S WAR
(A. D. 1674-1678):
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2358-2359 (2310-2311).
C. W. Elliott:
New England History,
2359 (2311).
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
2359-2360 (2311-2312).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
2360 (2312).
J. Fiske:
Beginnings of New England,
2360 (2312).
22. FIRST COLONIAL CONGRESS (A. D. 1690),
AND KING WILLIAM’S WAR:
R. Frothingham:
Rise of the Republic,
3287-3288 (3171-3172).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
376-377 (366-367).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
377 (367).
J. S. Barry:
History of Massachusetts,
377-378 (367-368).
23. THE SALEM WITCHCRAFT MADNESS
(A. D. 1692-1693):
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
2157-2158 (2113-2114).
C. W. Elliott:
New England History,
2158-2159 (2114-2115).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2159 (2115).
C. W. Upham:
Salem Witchcraft,
2159 (2115).
J. R. Lowell:
Witchcraft,
2159 (2115).
24. THE CAROLINAS AND GEORGIA:
J. A. Doyle:
English in America,
76-77 (69-70).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
77-78 (70-71).
F. X. Martin:
History of North Carolina,
81 (74).
J. H. Wheeler:
North Carolina,
2424 (2372).
F. L. Hawks:
History of North Carolina,
2424-2425 (2372-2373).
W. G. Simms:
History of South Carolina,
2425 (2373).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2425-2426 (2373-2374).
J. A. Doyle:
English in America,
2426 (2374).
W. G. Simms:
History of South Carolina,
3047 (2967).
R. Mackenzie:
America,
1457 (1424).
25. THE INTERCOLONIAL WARS;
LOUISBURG:
R. Johnson:
The French War,
2362 (2314).
J. Grahame:
History of the United States,
2362-2363 (2314-2315).
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
2363-2364 (2315-2316).
T. C. Haliburton:
The English in America,
2364-2365 (2316-2317).
26. THE STRUGGLE FOR THE OHIO VALLEY:
R. G. Thwaites:
The Colonies,
3290 (3174).
Viscount Bury:
Exodus of Western Nations,
3290 (3174).
F. Parkman:
Montcalm and Wolfe,
3290-3291 (3174-3175).
H. Hale:
Iroquois Book of Rites,
2444-2445 (2392-2393).
B. A. Hinsdale:
The Old Northwest,
378-379 (368-369).
B. A. Hinsdale:
The Old Northwest,
2445-2446 (2393-2394).
J. Winsor
Narrative and Critical History of America,
2446 (2394).
R. Mackenzie:
America,
2446-2447 (2394-2395).
T. H. Dyer:
Modern Europe,
2975 (2898).
27. THE CONGRESS AT ALBANY
(A. D. 1754):
B. Franklin:
Autobiography,
3291 (3175).
W. E. Foster:
Stephen Hopkins,
3291 (3175).
Full Text Representation of the
Present State of the Colonies,
3291-3293 (3175-3177).
Text of the Plan of Union,
3293-3294 (3177-3178).
28. Mason and Dixon’s Line:
W. H. Dixon:
William Penn,
2566-2567 (2500-2501).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2571 (2505).
B. A. Hinsdale:
The Old Northwest,
2571 (2505).
29. The Scotch-Irish:
W. W. Henry:
The Scotch-Irish,
2912-2913 (2837-2838).
T. Roosevelt:
Winning of the West,
2913 (2838).
"Full credit has been awarded the Roundhead and the Cavalier
for their leadership in our history; nor have we been
altogether blind to the deeds of the Hollander and the
Huguenot; but it is doubtful if we have wholly realized the
importance of the part played by that stern and virile people,
the Irish whose preachers taught the creed of Knox and Calvin.
These Irish representatives of the Covenanters were in the
West almost what the Puritans were in the Northeast, and more
than the Cavaliers were in the South. … That these Irish
Presbyterians were a bold and hardy race is proved by their at
once pushing past the settled regions, and plunging into the
wilderness as the leaders of the white advance. … They were
fitted to be Americans from the very start; they were kinsfolk
of the Covenanters; they deemed it a religious duty to
interpret their own Bible, and held for a divine right the
election of their clergy. For generations, their whole
ecclesiastic and scholastic systems had been fundamentally
democratic."
T. ROOSEVELT.
30. EARLY WESTERN SETTLEMENTS:
(a) The Northwest Territory.
T. Roosevelt:
Winning of the West,
2429 (2377).
W. F. Poole:
The West from 1763 to 1783,
2429-2430 (2377-2378).
(5) The Wyoming Valley.
A. Johnston:
Connecticut,
2569-2570 (2503-2504).
(c) Transylvania and Daniel Boone.
N. S. Shaler:
Kentucky,
1981-1982 (1939-1940).
(d) The Watauga Commonwealth.
T. Roosevelt:
Winning of the West,
3179-3180 (3094-3095).
(e) The State of Franklin, and Sevier.
J. B. McMaster:
History of the United States,
3181-3182 (3096-3097).
W. H. Carpenter:
History of Tennessee,
3182 (3097).
31. COLONIAL LIFE:
(a) Religion.
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
2147 (2103).
G. E. Ellis:
Early Massachusetts,
2147-2148 (2104).
J. A. Doyle:
American Colonies,
2149 (2105).
G. E. Ellis:
Early Massachusetts,
2149-2150 (2105-2106).
C. F. Adams:
Massachusetts,
2150-2151 (2106-2107).
J. Fiske:
Beginnings of New England,
2151 and 2153 (2107, 2109).
J. Fiske:
Beginnings of New England,
309 (299).
W. R. Staples:
The Town of Providence,
2714 (2641).
D. Weston:
Early Baptists,
266-267 (3690).
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
2568 (2502).
G. L. Davis:
American Freedom,
2138 (2094).
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
3755-3756 (3635).
J. A. Russell:
Catholic Church in the United States,
2526 (2464).
(b) Education.
H. B. Adams:
College of William and Mary,
749-750 (726-727).
The Oldest School in America,
750-751 (727-728).
G. G. Bush:
Harvard,
751 (728).
R. G. Boone:
Education in the United States,
751-752 (728-729).
J. L. Stewart:
The University of Pennsylvania,
752 (729).
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England (Yale),
752-753 (729-730).
{785}
The College of New Jersey,
753 (3799).
Columbia College Handbook,
753-754 (730-731).
G. T. Curtis:
Daniel Webster (Dartmouth),
754-755 (3741-3742).
R. A. Guild:
Rhode Island College (Brown),
755 (3693).
(c) Printing and the Press.
C. R. Hildeburn:
Printing in New York,
2668-2669 (2596-2597).
I. Thomas:
History of Printing,
2669-2670 (2598).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2670 (2598).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
2387 (2335).
F. Hudson:
Journalism in the United States,
2672 (2600).
J. Parton:
Life of Franklin,
2061-2062 (2017-2018).
B. Samuel:
The Father of American Libraries,
2062-2063 (2018-2019).
(d) Money and Banking.
W. B. Weeden:
Indian Money,
2252-2253 (2208-2209).
J. R. Snowden:
Description of Coins,
2253 (2209).
J. J. Knox:
United States Notes,
2255-2256 (2212).
W. G. Sumner:
History of American Currency,
2256 (2212).
John Fiske:
American Revolution,
2256 (2212).
(e) Trade and Commerce.
J. E. T. Rogers:
Economic Interpretation of History,
3229-3230 (3718-3719).
E. Eggleston:
Commerce in the Colonies,
3230 (3719).
M. Chamberlain:
Revolution Impending,
3286-3287 (3170-3171).
J. L. Bishop:
American Manufactures,
3289 (3173).
G. L. Beer:
Commercial Policy of England,
3296-3297 (3180-3181).
John Morley:
Edmund Burke,
3298 (3182).
(f) Slavery.
E. J. Payne:
Elizabethan Seamen,
74-75 (67-68).
G. W. Williams:
Negro Race in America,
2998 (2920).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3751 (3630).
E. Washburn:
Slavery in Massachusetts,
2998-2999 (2920-2921).
G. W. Greene:
Rhode Island,
2715 (2642).
W. E. Foster:
Stephen Hopkins,
3002 (2924).
J. A. Doyle:
English in America.
3047-3048 (2968).
G. Bancroft:
History of United States,
3048 (2968).
T. Clarkson:
Abolition of the Slave Trade,
3000 (2922).
J. Fiske:
Critical Period,
3001 (2923).
T. Jefferson:
The State of Virginia,
3001 (2923).
J. E. Cooke:
Virginia,
3001 (2923).
E. B. Sanford:
Connecticut,
3001-3002 (2923-2924).
W. F. Poole:
Anti-Slavery Opinions,
3002 (2924).
STUDY XXXVIII.
Page references in first 1895 edition in parentheses.
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.
1. RELATIONS BETWEEN THE COLONIES AND THE CROWN
ON THE EVE OF THE REVOLUTION:
M. Chamberlain:
Revolution Impending,
3286-3287 (3170-3171).
G. L. Craik:
British Commerce,
2293 (2245).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3288 (3172).
H. W. Preston:
American History,
3288-3289 (3172-3173).
J. L. Bishop:
History of American Manufactures,
3289 (3173).
B. A. Hinsdale:
The American Government,
3295 (3179).
G. L. Beer:
Commercial Policy of England,
3296-3297 (3180-3181).
John Morley:
Edmund Burke,
3298 (3182).
"Historians, in treating of the American rebellion, have
confined their arguments too exclusively to the question of
internal taxation, and the right or policy of exercising this
prerogative. The true source of the rebellion lay deeper, in
our traditional colonial policy. Just as the Spaniards had
been excited to the discovery of America by the hope of
obtaining gold and silver, the English merchants utilized the
discovery by the same fallacious method, and with the same
fallacious aspirations. … They only saw that a colonial trade
had sprung up, and their jealousy blinded them to the benefits
that accrued to themselves as a consequence of it. Their folly
found them out. … The result of the whole transaction was the
birth of a very strong sense in the minds of the colonists
that the mother country looked upon them as a sponge to be
squeezed. This conviction took more than a passing hold upon
them. It was speedily inflamed into inextinguishable heat,
first by the news that they were to be taxed without their own
consent, and next by the tyrannical and atrocious measures by
which it was proposed to crush their resistance."
JOHN MORLEY.
2. THE QUESTION OF TAXATION:
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3294-3295 (3178-3179).
W. Tudor:
Life of James Otis,
3295-3296 (3179-3180).
J. Fiske:
The War of Independence,
3297-3298 (3181-3182).
T. Hutchinson:
Province of Massachusetts Bay,
3298-3299 (3182-3183).
3. THE STAMP ACT, AND THE STAMP ACT CONGRESS
(A. D. 1765):
J. G. Palfrey:
History of New England,
3299 (3183).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3303 (3187).
W. Wirt:
Life of Patrick Henry,
3303-3305 (3187-3189).
W. W. Henry:
Patrick Henry,
3305 (3189).
J. A. Stevens:
The Stamp Act,
3305 (3189).
John Fiske:
The American Revolution,
3305-3306 (3189-3190).
E. B. Sanford:
History of Connecticut,
517 (503).
R. Frothingham:
Rise of the Republic,
3306-3307 (3190-3191).
W. E. H. Lecky:
History of England,
3317-3319 (3201-3203).
Full Text of the Stamp Act,
3299-3302 (3183-3186).
"It was in the midst of this magnificent debate, while he
[Patrick Henry] was descanting on the tyranny of the obnoxious
act, that he exclaimed in a voice of thunder, and with the
look of a god: ‘Caesar had his Brutus—Charles the First his
Cromwell—and George the Third—("Treason!" cried the speaker.
"Treason, treason!" echoed from every part of the house. It
was one of those trying moments that is decisive of character.
Henry faltered not for an instant; but rising to a loftier
attitude, and fixing on the speaker an eye of the most
determined fire, he finished his sentence with the firmest
emphasis)—may profit by their example. If this be treason,
make the most of it.’"
W. WIRT.
4. EXAMINATION OF FRANKLIN BY THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
(A. D. 1766):
J. Bigelow:
Life of Benjamin Franklin,
3317 (3201).
Full Text of the Questions and Answers from the
"Parliamentary History of England,"
3308-3317 (3192-3201).
"What used to be the pride of the Americans?"
"To indulge in the fashions and manufactures of
Great Britain."
"What is now their pride?"
"To wear their old clothes over again, until they can
make new ones."
{786}
5. THE "BOSTON MASSACRE," AND ITS RESULTS
(A. D. 1770):
J. K. Hosmer:
Samuel Adams,
311 (301).
W. E. H. Lecky:
History of England,
311-312 (301-302).
R. Frothingham:
Rise of the Republic,
3321 (3205).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3321 (3205).
6. THE TOWNSHEND ACTS, AND THE "BOSTON TEA PARTY":
J. K. Hosmer:
Samuel Adams,
3319 (3203).
C. J. Stillé:
Life of John Dickinson,
3319-3320 (3203-3204).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3321-3322 (3206).
J. Fiske:
War of Independence,
3322 (3206).
J. K. Hosmer:
Samuel Adams,
3322-3323 (3206-3207).
J. K. Hosmer:
Samuel Adams,
3324-3325 (3208-3209).
A. Gilman:
The Story of Boston,
312 (302).
7. THE BOSTON PORT BILL AND ITS EFFECTS
(A. D. 1774):
W. M. Sloane:
The French War and the Revolution,
3325 (3209).
R. Frothingham:
The Siege of Boston,
313-314 (303-304).
E. G. Scott:
Development of Constitutional Liberty,
3325-3326 (3209-3210).
8. EXAMINATION OF GOVERNOR HUTCHINSON BY KING GEORGE
(A. D. 1774):
Diary of Thomas Hutchinson,
Full Text of the Conversation.
3326-3330 (3210-3214).
9. THE FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
(A. D. 1774):
R. Frothingham:
Rise of the Republic,
3330 (3214).
J. C. Hamilton:
History of the United States,
3330-3331 (3214-3215).
P. L. Ford:
The First Congress,
3331-3332 (3215-3216).
M. Chamberlain:
John Adams,
3332 (3216).
H. von Holst:
Constitutional History of the United States,
3332-3333 (3216-3217).
10. THE GENERAL SITUATION IN THE COLONIES, AND IN PARLIAMENT:
R. Frothingham:
The Siege of Boston,
3333 (3217).
H. B. Carrington:
The American Revolution,
3333 (3217).
W. E. H. Lecky:
History of England,
3334 (3218).
Edmund Burke:
His Great Speech in the House of Commons,
3334-3337 (3218-3221).
G. Pellew:
John Jay,
2388-2389 (2336-2337).
B. J. Lossing:
Life of Philip Schuyler,
2389-2390 (2337-2338).
M. L. Booth:
History of New York,
2390-2391 (2338-2339).
H. S. Randall:
Life of Jefferson,
3756 (3635).
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
3049 (2969).
11. THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR
(APRIL, 1775):
R. Frothingham:
The Siege of Boston,
2160-2161 (2116-2117).
T. W. Higginson:
History of the United States,
3338 (3222).
G. E. Ellis:
Battle of Bunker’s Hill,
3338-3340 (3222-3224).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3340-3341 (3225).
J. Sparks:
Life of Ethan Allen,
3341 (3225).
C. W. Elliott:
New England History,
3341-3342 (3225-3226).
A. Johnston:
History of the United States,
3343 (3227).
J. Winsor:
Narrative and Critical History of America,
3343 (3227).
G. E. Ellis:
The Battle of Bunker’s Hill,
3343-3344 (3227-3228).
"Allen sought and found the Commander’s bed-room, and when
Captain Delaplace waked he … opened the door, with trousers in
hand, and there the great gaunt Ethan stood, with a drawn
sword in his hand. ‘Surrender!’ said Ethan. ‘To you?’ asked
Delaplace. ‘Yes, to me, Ethan Allen.’ ‘By whose authority?’
asked Delaplace. Ethan was growing impatient, and raising his
voice, and waving his sword, he said: ‘In the name of the
Great Jehovah, and of the Continental Congress.’ Delaplace
little comprehended the words, but surrendered at once. Thus,
on the morning of 10th of May, the strong fortress of
Ticonderoga was taken by the border-men, and with it 44
prisoners, 120 iron cannon, with swivels, muskets, balls, and
some powder, without the loss of a single man. The surprise
was planned and paid for by Connecticut, and was led by Allen,
a Connecticut-born man, but was carried out by the ‘Green
Mountain Boys.’"
C. W. ELLIOTT.
12. WASHINGTON, COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE CONTINENTAL ARMY:
W. Irving:
Life of Washington,
3342 (3226).
E. Everett:
Life of Washington,
3345 (3229).
E. E. Hale:
Naval History of the Revolution,
3345-3346 (3229-3230).
13. WAR MEASURES OF PARLIAMENT;
THE HESSIANS:
H. S. Randall:
Life of Jefferson,
3346 (3230).
Earl Stanhope:
History of England,
3347 (3231).
E. J. Lowell:
Hessians in the Revolution,
3347-3348 (3231-3232).
14. INDEPENDENCE DECLARED
(JULY 4, 1776):
L. Sabine:
Biographical Sketches,
3337-3338 (3222).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3340-3341 (3225).
H. S. Randall:
Life of Jefferson,
3347 (3231).
J. Q. Adams:
Life of John Adams,
3348-3349 (3232-3233).
J. T. Morse, Jr.:
Thomas Jefferson,
3349-3350 (3233-3234).
J. Fiske:
American Revolution,
3350 (3234).
H. von Holst:
Constitutional History of the United States,
3352 (3236).
Text of the Declaration, and Signers,
3351-3352 (3235-3236).
15. THE WAR IN NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY
(A. D. 1776-1777):
B. J. Lossing:
History of the United States,
3352-3353 (3237).
H. C. Lodge:
George Washington,
3353-3354 (3238).
J. Fiske:
War of Independence,
3354-3356 (3238-3240).
H. P. Johnston:
Campaign of 1776,
3356 (3240).
E. Lawrence:
New York in the Revolution,
3356-3357 (3240-3241).
16. THE CAMPAIGN ON THE DELAWARE
(A. D. 1777):
F. D. Stone:
The Struggle for the Delaware,
3361-3362 (3245-3246).
G. Washington:
Writings,
3362-3363 (3246-3247).
F. Kapp:
Life of von Steuben,
3363-3364 (3247-3248).
17. THE STRUGGLE FOR THE HUDSON;
SURRENDER OF BURGOYNE
(OCTOBER 15, 1777):
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
3365-3366 (3249-3250).
Sir E. Creasy:
Fifteen Decisive Battles,
3366-3368 (3250-3252).
E. Everett:
Life of Washington,
3368 (3252).
G. Washington:
Writings,
3368 (3252).
18. FORMATION OF STATE GOVERNMENTS,
AND ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION:
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3360-3361 (3244-3245).
J. Story:
Commentaries on the Constitution,
3368-3369 (3252-3253).
H. von Holst:
Constitutional History of the United States,
3372 (3256).
Full Text of the Articles of Confederation,
3369-3372 (3253-3256).
{787}
19. THE FRENCH ALLIANCE:
F. Wharton:
Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States,
3357 (3241).
J. T. Morse, Jr.:
Benjamin Franklin,
3357-3358 (3241-3242).
J. Marshall:
Life of Washington,
3358 (3242).
W. G. Sumner:
Finances of American Revolution,
3359-3360 (3243-3244).
B. Tuckerman:
Life of Lafayette,
3364-3365 (3249).
G. Bancroft:
History of the United States,
3372-3373 (3257).
S. Eliot:
History of the United States,
3376-3377 (3260-3261).
F. Wharton:
Diplomatic Correspondence of United States,
3380-3381 (3264-3265).
20. INDIAN TROUBLES;
CLARK’S CONQUEST OF THE NORTHWEST
(A. D. 1778-1779)
E. H. Roberts:
New York,
3374 (3258).
E. Cruikshank:
Story of Butler’s Rangers,
3374-3375 (3258-3259).
A. F. McDavis:
Border Warfare of the Revolution,
3375-3376 (3259-3260).
W. L. Stone:
Life of Joseph Brant,
3376 (3260).
T. Roosevelt:
Winning of the West,
2429 (2377).
O. Turner:
History of Pioneer Settlement,
3382-3383 (3266-3267).
A. T. Norton:
Sullivan’s Campaign against the Iroquois,
3383-3384 (3267-3268).
21. THE WAR IN THE SOUTH
(A. D. 1778-1780):
W. Irving:
Life of Washington,
3381 (3265).
C. B. Hartley:
Life of General Marion,
3384-3385 (3268-3269).
G. Tucker:
History of the United States,
3286-3287 (3270-3271).
G. W. Greene:
Life of Nathanael Greene,
3389-3390 (3273-3274).
W. G. Simms:
History of South Carolina,
3390 (3274).
J. Fiske:
War of Independence,
3390-3391 (3274-3275).
22. WASHINGTON'S ANXIETIES AND MOVEMENTS
(A. D. 1778-1780):
W. Irving:
Life of Washington,
3377 (3261).
G. Washington:
Writings,
3377-3378 (3261-3262).
G. W. Greene:
Life of Nathanael Greene,
3378-3379 (3262-3263).
H. C. Lodge:
George Washington,
3381-3382 (3265-3266).
W. Irving:
Life of Washington,
3385-3386 (3269-3270).
W. G. Sumner:
History of American Currency,
3386 (3270).
"At the end of 1779 Congress was at its wit’s end for money.
Its issues had put specie entirely out of reach, and the cause
of the Revolution was in danger of being drowned under the
paper sea. … In the spring or 1780 the bills were worth two
cents on the dollar, and then ceased to circulate. The paper
was now worth more for an advertisement or a joke than for any
prospect of any kind of redemption. A barber’s shop in
Philadelphia was papered with it; and a dog, coated with tar,
and with the bills stuck all over him, was paraded in the
streets."
W. G. SUMNER.
23. The Arrival of Rochambeau
(A. D. 1780):
J. C. Hamilton:
History of the United States,
3387 (3271).
T. Balch:
The French in America,
3387-3388 (3271-3272).
24. THE TREASON OF ARNOLD;
AND MUTINY OF PENNSYLVANIA TROOPS:
R. Hildreth:
History of the United States,
8388-8389 (3272-3273).
H. B. Carrington:
Battles of the Revolution,
3391-3392 (3275-3276).
25. THE VIRGINIA CAMPAIGN
(A. D. 1781):
B. Tuckerman:
Life of Lafayette,
3392-3393 (3276-3277).
H. P. Johnston:
The Yorktown Campaign,
3393 (3277).
H. B. Carrington:
The American Revolution,
3393-3394 (3277-3278).
R. C. Winthrop:
Address at Yorktown,
3394-3395 (3278-3279).
W. E. H. Lecky:
History of England,
3395-3396 (3279-3280).
26. THE CESSION OF WESTERN TERRITORY TO THE UNION:
A. Johnston:
The United States,
3396 (3280).
H. B. Adams:
Land Cessions to the United States,
3396-3397 (3280-3281).
B. A. Hinsdale:
The Northwest,
3397 (3281).
27. PEACE NEGOTIATIONS:
J. Marshall:
Life of Washington,
3397-3398 (3281-3282).
Diplomacy of the United States,
3398-3399 (3282-3283).
E. Fitzmaurice:
Life of the Earl of Shelburne,
3399-3400 (3283-3284).
E. B. Andrews:
History of the United States,
3400 (3284).
J. Fiske:
The Critical Period,
3400-3401 (3284-3286).
J. Q. Adams:
Life of John Adams,
3401-3402 (3285-3286).
F. Wharton:
Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence,
3402 (3286).
J. Bigelow:
Life of Franklin,
3402-3403 (3286-3287).
28. THE DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE
(SEPTEMBER, 1783):
H. W. Preston:
Documents of American History,
3403-3404 (3287-3288).
T. Pitkin:
Political History of the United States,
3409-3411 (3293-3295).
T. Roosevelt:
Winning of the West,
3411-3412 (3295-3296).
29. THE DISSOLUTION OF THE CONTINENTAL ARMY:
G. T. Curtis:
The Constitution of the United States,
3403 (3287).
J. B. McMaster:
History of the United States,
3404-3405 (3288-3289).
30. GENERAL CONDITIONS FOLLOWING THE WAR:
G. E. Ellis:
Loyalists and their Fortunes,
3202-3203 (3116-3117).
J. B. McMaster:
History of the United States,
3405-3406 (3289-3290).
A. Hamilton:
The Federalist,
3406-3407 (3290-3291).
A. Johnston:
History of American Politics,
3407 (3291).
J. R. Soley:
Maritime Industries of America,
3408 (3292).
W. B. Weeden:
Economic History of New England,
3408 (3292).
W. G. Sumner:
Finances of the Revolution,
3409 (3293).
J. Schouler:
History of the United States,
2161 (2117).
"Four years only elapsed, between the return of peace and the
downfall of a government which had been framed with the hope
and promise of perpetual duration. … But this brief period was
full of suffering and peril. There are scarcely any evils or
dangers, of a political nature, and springing from political
and social causes, to which a free people can be exposed,
which the people of the United States did not experience
during that period."
G. T. CURTIS.
"It is not too much to say that the period of five years
following the peace of 1783 was the most critical moment in
all the history of the American people."
JOHN FISKE.
31. PLANS FOR SETTLEMENT OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY:
J. B. McMaster:
History of the United States,
2430-2431 (2378-2379).
T. Donaldson:
The Public Domain,
2431 (2379)
{788}
R. King:
Ohio,
2431 (2379).
J. Winsor:
Narrative and Critical History of America,
2431-2432 (2380).
T. Donaldson:
The Public Domain,
2434-2435 (2382-2383).
Full Text of the Ordinance of 1787,
2432-2434 (2382).
STUDY XXXIX.
Page references in first 1895 edition in parentheses.
THE UNITED STATES: UNION UNDER THE CONSTITUTION; ADMINISTRATIONS OF WASHINGTON AND ADAMS.
1. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT:
E. A. Freeman:
History of Federal Government,
1136 (1108).
A. B. Hart:
The Study of Federal Government,
1136 (1108).
J. N. Dalton:
Federal States of the World,
1138-1139 (1110-1111).
2. THE WEAKNESS OF THE CONFEDERATION:
J. B. McMaster:
History of the United States,
3405-3406 (3289-3290).
Alexander Hamilton:
The Federalist,
3405-3406 (3290-3291).
A. Johnston:
History of American Politics,
3407 (3291).
Text of the Articles of Confederation,
3369-3372 (3253-3256).
3. THE MAKING OF THE CONSTITUTION
(A. D. 1787):
J. S. Landon:
Constitutional History of United States,
3412-3413 (3296-3297).
K. M. Rowland:
Life of George Mason,
3413 (3297).
W. C. Rives:
Life of James Madison,
3413-3414 (3297-3298).
James Madison:
Letters and Writings,
3414-3415 (3298-3299).
S. H. Gay:
James Madison,
3415-3416 (3299-3300).
John Fiske:
The Critical Period,
3416 (3300).
A. B. Hart:
Formation of the Union,
3416-3417 (3300-3301).
4. RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION, AND ELECTION OF PRESIDENT
(A. D. 1789):
J. S. Landon:
Constitutional History of United States,
3417-3418 (3301-3302).
W. Irving:
Life of Washington,
3418 (3302).
Text of the Constitution, with all Amendments,
619-625 (596-602).
5. ORGANIZATION OF THE GOVERNMENT;
FORMATION OF PARTIES:
A. Johnston:
History of American Politics,
3418-3419 (3302-3303).
Thomas Jefferson:
Writings,
3419-3420 (3303-3304).
H. C. Lodge:
Life of George Cabot,
3420-3421 (3304-3305).
6. THE FIRST CENSUS (A. D. 1790):
3421 (3305).
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History for ready reference, Volume 7Chapter XCVIII: Appendix: Courses for Study or Reading (5)
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