Chapter LVI: Front Matter (56)

Mr. REDLICH. If I may interrupt--which is initially struck by the firing pin?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Which is struck by the firing pin, and detonates to initiate the explosive charge in the cartridge itself.

Mr. REDLICH. Now, are the elements barium and antimony found in most primer residues?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Barium and antimony are found in most primer residues; yes.

Mr. REDLICH. Did you determine whether barium and antimony are present in the Western Cartridge Co. ammunition which was found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I did, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. And did you find that barium and antimony are, in fact, found in ammunition of that manufacturer?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes.

Mr. REDLICH. Did you also determine whether the elements barium and antimony are found in the .38 caliber ammunition manufactured by Remington Peters and Winchester Western, which was the ammunition used in the shooting of officer Tippit?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. And did you find that the elements barium and antimony were, in fact, present in this type of ammunition?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. With regard to the rifle cartridges, did you examine the cartridges which were actually found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. And did you determine that the elements barium and antimony were present on those particular cartridges?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. Are you able to give us your opinion as to the possible effect of the washing of the paraffin casts on the analysis which you performed? Let me rephrase the question. Did the fact that these casts were washed prior to the neutron activation test materially alter, in your opinion, the results of the neutron activation analysis?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I can say that the washing did not remove all the antimony and barium.

Mr. REDLICH. In your opinion, would the washing of these paraffin casts remove substantial amounts of the elements barium and antimony if they were present on those casts?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Chemical treatment and washing will remove portions of the barium and antimony from these casts. This was determined from test casts which were studied in connection with these analyses. But it did not remove all the barium and antimony.

Mr. REDLICH. Can you describe exactly what you did with these paraffin casts in order to perform a neutron activation analysis?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Do you want me to tell who I worked with here?

Mr. REDLICH. Yes.

Mr. GALLAGHER. These casts were taken to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory at Oak Ridge, Tenn., and there, with a Dr. Frank F. Dyer, and Mr. J. F. Emery, work was performed on these casts. The casts were studied under a binocular microscope. The surface of the casts were scraped. These paraffin scrapings were put into a small container which was then placed in a pneumatic tube and sent into the heart of the research reactor to be bombarded by neutrons for a 3-minute period. The neutron flux was 6 times 10 to the 13th neutrons per square centimeter per second. After the 3 minutes were up, the container with its contents was discharged from the reactor.

The gamma ray spectrum was studied. And then chemical tests were made to precipitate barium and also to precipitate the antimony. The barium and antimony were quantitatively determined.

Mr. REDLICH. You stated in your answer that----

Mr. GALLAGHER. Correction. Were quantitatively determined by studying the gamma rays emitted by the barium isotope 139 and the antimony isotope 122.

Mr. REDLICH. Now, according to your testimony, you determined that the elements barium and antimony were present in the hand casts in an amount greater than would be expected in the case of a person who had not fired a revolver.

Mr. GALLAGHER. Fired or handled a recently fired weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. Confining ourselves for the moment to the hand casts, does such a conclusion enable you to state that the person from whose hands these cases were made had in fact fired a revolver? The question I am asking you, Mr. Gallagher, is one designed to determine the extent to which the neutron activation technique is able to result in definitive judgments. Your initial answer was that the elements barium and antimony were present in these casts in an amount greater than would be expected from a person who had not either fired a weapon or handled a recently fired weapon. Are you able to, on the basis of this, make a judgment as to whether in fact the person from whose hands these casts were made had in your opinion fired a revolver, or handled a fired revolver?

Do you understand my question, before you attempt to answer it?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Well, first of all I reported that there was more on the hands than would be found on the hands of a normal individual who had not fired or handled a recently fired weapon. Now, I don’t quite get the point of your question.

Mr. REDLICH. The point of my question is whether you are able, on the basis of this analysis, to express an opinion as to whether the person from whose hands these casts were made had fired a weapon.

Mr. GALLAGHER. It is my opinion that the person from whom these casts were removed may have either handled a fired weapon, or fired a weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. I would like to introduce into the record a letter which I have marked Gallagher Exhibit No. 1.

(Gallagher Exhibit No. 1 was marked for identification.)

Mr. REDLICH. This is a letter from FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover to J. Lee Rankin, general counsel of this Commission. Are you familiar with the contents of this letter, Mr. Gallagher?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. You will note that this letter indicates a variety of substances which contain the element barium, the element antimony, and substances which contain the elements barium and antimony.

The last question I asked you, Mr. Gallagher, was whether you could make a judgment as to whether a person from whose hands these casts were made had fired a weapon or handled a fired weapon, and you indicated that on the basis of these tests you could make such a judgment.

The question I now ask you is in light of the contents of the letter which has been designated as Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, are you able to isolate the source of the elements barium and antimony which you found on the hand casts as coming from the primer residues rather than from the substances which are described in Gallagher Exhibit No. 1?

Mr. GALLAGHER. It is true that there are common commercial products which contain barium and which contain antimony.

Mr. REDLICH. And which contain barium and antimony together?

Mr. GALLAGHER. And also which contain barium and antimony together. However, before these elements can contaminate the hands or person--hands or body of an individual--they must be accessible so they can adhere by mechanical adhesion to the individual. Under normal circumstances, most of the ingredients mentioned in Exhibit No. 1----

Mr. REDLICH. Excuse me--could you refer to that as Gallagher Exhibit No. 1?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, is not normally in the form which will permit contamination by this mechanical adhesion.

Mr. REDLICH. Are you generally familiar with the test which is commonly referred to as the paraffin test, which tests paraffin casts for nitrate residues?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. As I understand it, Mr. Gallagher, one of the reasons why this test is considered unreliable for purposes of determining whether or not someone has fired a weapon is the fact that the elements which react with the reagents in the paraffin test are found in a variety of common substances. Is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The diphenylamine or the diphenylbenzidine tests are not specific. They react with many ingredients and for this reason the results obtained from such tests are difficult to interpret.

Mr. REDLICH. And when I asked you to evaluate the results of the neutron activation test performed on the hand casts in the light of the contents of Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, do I understand your answer to be that in the case of the neutron activation analysis it is possible to make a valid determination as to the presence of the elements barium and antimony, notwithstanding the fact that the elements barium and antimony are found in common substances and not merely found in primer residues.

Mr. GALLAGHER. The determination of barium and antimony by neutron activation analysis is specific. Although there are commercial products which contain the elements barium and antimony, these components in many of these commercial products are not as available for contaminating purposes as are nitrates and oxidizing agents detected by the diphenylamine or diphenylbenzidine tests.

Mr. REDLICH. So that the differences between the neutron activation analysis and the paraffin test for nitrate residues relate both to the question of the availability of the nitrates and oxidizing agents in the paraffin test as compared to the barium and antimony in the neutron activation analysis, and also to the fact that in the paraffin test for nitrate residues, the result is not necessarily specific as to nitrate residues, whereas in the neutron activation analysis for the presence of the elements barium and antimony, the results are specific to the elements barium and antimony. Is that a correct statement?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes. And furthermore, in Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, it says that paint, for example, contains both barium and antimony--this does not mean that every sample of paint contains barium and antimony. And so it is with the other items mentioned in Gallagher Exhibit No. 1.

Mr. REDLICH. All right. Now let us turn to the cheek casts, Mr. Gallagher. Could you tell us the results of your examination of the cheek casts with reference to the presence of the elements barium and antimony?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Barium and antimony were found on the cheek casts. However, when the cheek cast was analyzed, both surfaces of the cheek cast were studied. That is, the surface adjacent to the skin of the subject and the surface away from the skin of the subject, or the outside surface of the cast.

Mr. REDLICH. For our record, let us call the surface adjacent to the skin the inside surface, and the other surface the outside surface.

Mr. GALLAGHER. The outside surface of this cast was found to contain barium and antimony--actually more barium was found on the outside surface of the cast than on the inside surface.

Mr. REDLICH. And as far as antimony is concerned, was there more on the outside than on the inside?

Mr. GALLAGHER. There was slightly less antimony on the outside of the cast than on the inside of the cast.

Mr. REDLICH. Do you have any explanation for the presence of barium and antimony on the outside of the cast, and as part of the same question, do you have any explanation for their being more barium on the outside than the inside?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I have no explanation for this difference.

Mr. REDLICH. Were you able to make determination as to whether the barium and antimony present on the inside cast was more than would be expected in the case of a person who had not fired a weapon or handled a fired weapon?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I found that there was more barium and antimony on the inside surface of the cast than you would find on the cheek of an individual who had recently washed his cheek. However, the significance of this antimony and barium on the inside of the cheek is not known.

Mr. REDLICH. Is that because the outside surface acts as a sort of control on the basis of which you can make a comparison?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The outside surface of the cheek was run as a control for this particular specimen.

Mr. REDLICH. And therefore the presence of a lesser amount of barium and a slightly larger amount of antimony on the inside surface was one of the reasons why you could not make a determination as to the significance of the barium and antimony on the inside surface, is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Did the fact that Oswald was believed to have fired a revolver prior to the time the paraffin casts were made have an effect on your ability to determine the significance of the barium and antimony on the inside of the cheek cast?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The subsequent repeated firing of the revolver definitely overshadowed the results. That is why it was reported that no significance could be attached to the residues found on the cast other than the conclusion that the barium and antimony in these residues are present in amounts greater than found on the hands of a normal individual who had not recently fired or handled a fired weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. In other words, given the known fact, or the assumed fact, that the suspect had fired a revolver repeatedly, the barium and antimony could have found their way to the suspect’s cheek as a result of the repeated firing of that revolver, and therefore precluded you from making any determination as to whether the elements barium and antimony were placed on the cheek as the result of the firing of the rifle. Is that a correct statement?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Well, there is no way to eliminate the fact that the subject may have wiped a contaminated hand across his cheek subsequent to the firing of the revolver, thus contaminating his cheek with barium and antimony.

Mr. REDLICH. Getting back to the hand casts, did you use the outside surface of the hand casts as a control surface?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Could you tell us how the inside or the outside surface of the hand cast compared with regard to the elements barium and antimony?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Much more barium and antimony were found on the inside of the hand casts than were found on the control specimens taken from the outside of the hand casts of the subject.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Gallagher, prior to this morning’s deposition, you and I had a conversation in which we covered the general subject matter which was to be the subject of this deposition. Is there anything in your recorded testimony which is inconsistent with the information which you provided prior to this recorded testimony?

Mr. GALLAGHER. No, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Have we, to the best of your recollection, covered in our recorded testimony at least everything that was discussed in our off the record conversation?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Is there anything which you would like to add at this time to your testimony concerning the matters under investigation?

Mr. GALLAGHER. No, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. All right, Mr. Gallagher. This testimony will be transcribed and will be available for your review. We will adjourn the deposition at 10:56 p.m.

Index

NAMES

A

Aarons, Patricia, vol. VIII, 121

Abel, John, vol. IV, 217

Abernathy, Joe B., vol. III, 109;
vol. XV, 548

Ables, Don R.:
Testimony, vol. VII, 239–243
Referred to, vol. IV, 277;
vol. VII, 125, 127, 131–132, 167–170, 172, 234, 237–238, 262, 264

Abt, John J.:
Testimony, vol. X, 116–117
Referred to, vol. I, 149, 153;
vol. III, 85–86, 88–89;
vol. IV, 154–155, 158, 215, 225;
vol. V, 240;
vol. VII, 300, 314, 329, 356;
vol. IX, 381;
vol. XV, 508

Acker, Ray, vol. XI, 253

Adamcik, John P.:
Testimony, vol. VII, 202–211
Referred to, vol. IV, 207, 217;
vol. VII, 188–191, 193, 215–216, 229–230, 548

Adams, Bud, vol. I, 454

Adams, Joey, vol. V, 200;
vol. XV, 29, 248

Adams, R. L.:
Testimony, vol. X, 136–143;
vol. XI, 480–481
Referred to, vol. X, 132–143, 145, 147–148, 155;
vol. XI, 478

Adams, Victoria Elizabeth:
Testimony, vol. VI, 386–393
Referred to, vol. VI, 330–331, 340;
vol. VII, 389

Aiken, Haddon Spurgeon, vol. III, 230, 239;
vol. IV, 44

Aiken, Kierney, vol. XIV, 279

Ainsworth, Hugh, vol. II, 53–54;
vol. XIV, 609

Airy, Eugene Paul, vol. II, 195

Akimovich, Nadelman Matvey, vol. I, 86

Akin, Dr. Gene Coleman:
Testimony, vol. VI, 63–68
Referred to, vol. VI, 70, 73, 76, 79–80;
vol. VII, 382

Alba, Adrian Thomas, testimony, vol. X, 219–229

Alderson, Merwin, vol. XI, 95

Alentado, Antonio, vol. XI, 371–373, 375, 380

Alexander, Alice Reeves, vol. XIII, 325, 358–359;
vol. XIV, 652

Alexander, William F., vol. II, 260;
vol. IV, 216, 221;
vol. V, 218–219, 223, 226, 240, 242–244;
vol. VI, 430–431, 443;
vol. VII, 47–48, 79, 129, 155, 171, 198, 213, 222;
vol. XII, 32–33, 77, 83–84, 95, 213, 216, 402–403;
vol. XIV, 236, 301, 313, 583;
vol. XV, 57, 352, 506–507, 509, 521

Alexander, Olen, vol. XIII, 386–387

Alexander, R. O. (Mrs.), vol. VII, 482

Alger, Representative Bruce, vol. V, 422, 432

Allen, J. U. (Mrs.), testimony, vol. XI, 472

Allen, Jim, vol. V, 218–219;
vol. XII, 95

Allen, John, vol. XV, 348

Allen, Jules, vol. XV, 537, 540

Allen, Rosemary, vol. VI, 269

Allen, Steve, vol. I, 499

Altgens, James W., testimony, vol. VII, 515–525

Alvareda, George Rodriguez, vol. XI, 372, 375

Alyea, Tom, vol. XV, 286

Ammons, Johnny, vol. XV, 650

Amos, H. A., vol. XIII, 38

Anderson, Alice, vol. XIV, 159

Anderson, Andy, vol. XIV, 604

Anderson, Maj. Eugene D.:
Testimony, vol. XI, 301–306
Referred to, vol. XI, 308–309

Anderson, Janice, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Anderson, Jerry, vol. XI, 211

Anderson, Louis L., vol. II, 50, 57

Anderson, Robert B., vol. IV, 404

Anderton, James W., vol. V, 132–133, 144;
vol. VI, 376, 380;
vol. XV, 495, 501

Andrews, Dean Adams, Jr., testimony, vol. XI, 325–339

Anesi, Mario, vol. XIV, 376–377

Angel, J. L., vol. VII, 82

Angel, Shari. (_See_ Weston, Wally (Mrs.).)

Aparina, Nina, vol. III, 135

Apple, Bob, vol. VII, 49

Apple, Tom, vol. XV, 468–472, 610, 613

Applin, George Jefferson, Jr.:
Testimony, vol. VII, 85–91
Referred to, vol. VII, 113

Aranoff, Bill, vol. XIII, 33;
vol. XIV, 466;
vol. XV, 323

Arce, Danny G.:
Testimony, vol. VI, 363–367
Referred to, vol. III, 165, 169, 182, 189, 201–202;
vol. VI, 337, 352, 355, 361, 377;
vol. VII, 196–197

Archer, Don Ray:
Testimony, vol. XII, 395–403
Referred to, vol. IV, 198, 244;
vol. V, 244–246, 248;
vol. XII, 78, 105, 254, 257–258, 408, 412, 431–432;
vol. XIII, 30, 32–35, 42–43, 49, 51–52, 54, 80;
vol. XV, 129

Armstrong, Andrew, Jr.:
Testimony, vol. XIII, 302–382
Referred to, vol. I, 436;
vol. II, 296;
vol. V, 185–186;
vol. XII, 442;
vol. XIII, 202, 207–210, 236–237, 250, 421–423, 434–437, 441,
444–445, 447–449, 452–453, 454–456, 459, 467–468, 488–491,
496, 503, 505;
vol. XIV, 3, 14, 34, 37, 42–43, 46–51, 56, 59, 66, 73–74, 78, 79,
81, 85–86, 88, 189–190, 283, 292, 299, 342, 459, 470,
645, 652–653;
vol. XV, 102–104, 194–195, 197, 227, 328, 330, 335, 339–340, 345,
416, 421, 455, 482, 661, 665

Armstrong, Dwayne, vol. XV, 453

Armstrong, Eleanor (Childress), vol. XIII, 303

Armstrong, Judy, vol. XIV, 18, 293

Arndt, Charles, vol. I, 239, 436

Arnett, Charles Oliver:
Testimony, vol. XII, 128–158
Referred to, vol. XII, 79, 88, 99, 193, 198, 247–248, 252–253, 273,
317, 329, 385, 420;
vol. XIII, 18;
vol. XV, 60

Arnton, Jim, vol. XIII, 70

Aronson, Lev, vol. VIII, 370, 389, 467–468;
vol. IX, 245, 251, 320

Asabell, Dan, vol. XII, 160

Ashbrook, Hon. John M., vol. XV, 717

Atcheson, Henry, vol. XIV, 613, 622

Auchincloss, Janet Lee (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 352;
vol. IX, 179, 273, 275–276, 282, 321

Aue, Gary, vol. X, 420

Auerbach, Frank L., vol. XI, 185

Austin, Nancy, vol. XIV, 603, 609, 622

Aycox, James Thomas:
Testimony, vol. XV, 203–206
Referred to, vol. XIV, 29, 295

Ayers, A. G., Jr., vol. VII, 430

Aynesworth, Hugh, vol. XV, 348, 354

B

Baer, Henry, vol. I, 266–282

Baggett, Elmer, vol. VII, 29–30, 92, 95

Bahlkow, Henry W., vol. VIII, 415

Baker, Barney, vol. XV, 29, 623

Baker, Bobby, vol. I, 178

Baker, Donald (Mrs.), testimony, vol. VII, 507–515

Baker, M. K., vol. VI, 335

Baker, Marrion L.:
Testimony, vol. III, 242–270;
vol. VII, 592
Referred to, vol. III, 225–226, 228–229, 236, 240;
vol. VI, 297, 329, 331;
vol. VII, 385–386, 404;
vol. XII, 49, 137

Baker, Norman, vol. V, 495, 499, 531;
vol. XI, 431

Baker, T. L.:
Testimony, vol. IV, 248
Referred to, vol. IV, 203, 207, 209, 213, 247;
vol. VII, 56, 59, 62, 123, 134, 163–164, 196, 317, 543;
vol. XII, 273;
vol. XIII, 7

Ball, George W., vol. V, 307, 343, 369, 384;
vol. VII, 471

Ballen, Samuel B.:
Testimony, vol. IX, 45–59
Referred to, vol. VIII, 440, 462–463, 467–468, 471;
vol. IX, 220, 230, 251, 264;
vol. X, 5, 14, 21

Ballen, Samuel B. (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 462–463, 471

Bandoni, Edward J., vol. VIII, 267–268, 273–274, 276

Bang-Jensen, Povl, vol. XV, 736

Barbe, Emmett Charles, Jr.:
Testimony, vol. XI, 473–474
Referred to, vol. X, 217–218

Barber, Frank, vol. XIV, 276

Barber, Fred, vol. XV, 232–235

Barclay, Mike, vol. XIV, 234, 255, 260–262

Baren, Sherley, vol. XIV, 168

Bargas, Tommy:
Testimony, vol. X, 160–167
Referred to, vol. VIII, 85

Barker, Eddie, vol. XV, 53

Barker, Nancy, vol. XIV, 275

Barnes, Bill, vol. VIII, 78–79

Barnes, W. E.:
Testimony, vol. VII, 270–286
Referred to, vol. VII, 68, 132, 153, 174–175, 288

Barnett, Welcome Eugene:
Testimony, vol. VII, 539–544
Referred to, vol. VII, 533, 536–537, 566, 586

Barnhorst, Colin, testimony, vol. X, 284–291

Barr, Candy, vol. XV, 89

Barrett, Bob, vol. V, 40, 437;
vol. VII, 51, 111–112, 118;
vol. XIII, 125, 162

Barrish, Benny, vol. XIV, 458–460

Barrow, George, vol. VII, 332

Barry, David, vol. XIII, 390, 392, 394, 398, 401

Bartlett, Orrin, vol. III, 435, 460;
vol. V, 67–68

Bashour, Dr. Fouad A.:
Testimony, vol. VI, 61–63
Referred to, vol. VI, 4, 11, 20, 32, 40, 64, 145, 149

Batchelor, Charles:
Testimony, vol. XII, 1–25;
vol. XV, 114–124
Referred to, vol. IV, 161, 169, 173, 187, 189;
vol. V, 237;
vol. VII, 57–58, 357, 577, 582, 585, 587;
vol. XII, 28, 35–37, 54, 59–60, 66, 68, 74, 76–77, 93–94, 97–100,
103, 107, 118–121, 146, 167, 211, 224, 250–251, 254, 272,
323, 329, 389, 397, 409, 428;
vol. XIII, 10, 30, 48, 63, 70–77, 79, 270;
vol. XV, 54, 58, 125–128, 133–137, 142, 154, 162–167, 176–178,
180, 186–187, 271

Bates, Byron, vol. XV, 537, 540

Bates, Pauline Virginia:
Testimony, vol. VIII, 330–343
Referred to, vol. I, 203

Batista, Fulgencio, vol. V, 202;
vol. VIII, 241, 293, 295;
vol. IX, 387;
vol. XI, 107, 348, 361, 364;
vol. XIV, 148

Baughman, U. E., vol. I, 189

Baxter, Dr. Charles Rufus:
Testimony, vol. VI, 39–45
Referred to, vol. II, 39;
vol. III, 363, 369–371, 374;
vol. VI, 2, 4, 10–12, 16, 20, 23–24, 32–33, 35, 47, 54–55, 59, 64,
69–73, 79–80, 83, 106, 110, 141, 145, 149

Bayse, Dale, vol. XIII, 104, 110

Beaty, Buford Lee:
Testimony, vol. XII, 158–170
Referred to, vol. VII, 490;
vol. XII, 116, 160, 180–181, 184

Beavers, Dr. William Robert:
Testimony, vol. XIV, 570–579
Referred to, vol. XIV, 583–585, 596

Beck, E. R., vol. XIII, 2–3, 7, 17, 20, 24, 30–31;
vol. XV, 191

Bedford, Tom, vol. XIII, 290

Bedwell, Betty (Mrs.), vol. X, 423

Beers, Ira Jefferson “Jack,” Jr.:
Testimony, vol. XIII, 102–112
Referred to, vol. XIII, 135

Behn, Gerald A., vol. II, 63, 80, 98, 105, 107, 142;
vol. IV, 337, 342;
vol. V, 450–451, 458;
vol. VII, 334–335, 442

Bell, Ann, vol. IX, 365

Bell, Audrey (Miss), vol. VI, 52

Bell, J. C. (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 86

Bellah, S. Q., vol. VII, 581

Belli, Melvin, vol. II, 30;
vol. V, 182, 192, 194, 233, 243, 245, 254;
vol. XIII, 73, 218, 234, 349–350;
vol. XIV, 265, 268, 396, 398, 400, 402–403, 405–406, 408, 410, 428,
474–481, 507;
vol. XV, 32, 68, 95, 261, 436, 472, 484

Bellocchio, Frank:
Testimony, vol. XV, 466–473
Referred to, vol. V, 203–204;
vol. XV, 386, 610

Bellows, Charlie, vol. XIV, 399–400, 414, 482–483

Belmont, Alan H.:
Testimony, vol. V, 1–32
Referred to, vol. IV, 419, 427, 474;
vol. V, 99, 108

Belmont, Dale, vol. XIV, 135

Benavides, Domingo:
Testimony, vol. VI, 444–454
Referred to, vol. VII, 68–69, 255, 263, 398

Benham, Clark, vol. IX, 452, 471

Bennett, Dickie, vol. XIV, 363

Bennett, Glen, vol. II, 69, 96, 134, 153;
vol. V, 452–453

Bennett, Karen. (_See_ Carlin, Karen Bennett.)

Bennett, Norma, vol. XIII, 429–430;
vol. XIV, 2, 17–18, 80, 293

Benoski, Dave, vol. I, 185

Bentley, Paul, vol. VII, 21–23, 40, 49–51, 53–54, 58–60, 62–63, 95,
309;
vol. XII, 369

Benton, Nelson, testimony, vol. XV, 456–466

Berger, Andrew E., vol. II, 97, 143;
vol. VII, 452–453

Berger, Milton, vol. XIV, 448

Berke, Erwin, vol. XIV, 446–447;
vol. XV, 22

Berkstead, Irwin, vol. XV, 312

Berman, Harold I., vol. XIV, 497

Bernet, Ed, vol. XIV, 290

Berry, Lee, vol. XV, 674, 676

Bertillon, Alphonse, vol. IV, 15

Bertrand, Clay, vol. V, 614;
vol. XI, 330–337, 339

Bettes, H. J., vol. XIII, 187

Betzer, vol. III, 292

Bibul, Kirk, vol. XIV, 377, 386–387

Bieberdorf, Fred A.:
Testimony, vol. XIII, 83–89
Referred to, vol. XIII, 97;
vol. XV, 64–65

Biggers, Tatiana, vol. III, 115;
vol. IX, 33, 40, 220, 245, 451

Biggio, William S.:
Testimony, vol. XV, 48–51
Referred to, vol. V, 51

Birchwell, Ashland Frederick, vol. V, 530

Birdwell, Iwana, vol. XIV, 58

Bize, Richard, vol. XIII, 138

Black, Jim, vol. XV, 536

Blainey, Madeline, vol. XIV, 484;
vol. XV, 345–346

Blake, Arthur W., vol. VII, 439

Blake, Sue, vol. XIV, 279

Blakeley, Paul, vol. XI, 414

Blalock, Vance:
Testimony, vol. X, 81–86
Referred to, vol. X, 36, 76–77, 79, 81

Blanchard, Paul (Mrs.), vol. II, 499–500;
vol. III, 9

Bledsoe, Mary E. (Mrs.):
Testimony, vol. VI, 400–427
Referred to, vol. I, 51–52;
vol. II, 288, 296;
vol. VII, 255–256

Blessing, Elizabeth (Mrs.), vol. VII, 477

Blessing, H. H., vol. VII, 150

Block, Morris, vol. XI, 448

Block, Morris (Mrs.), vol. XI, 448

Block, Robert, vol. VIII, 302

Boensel, Marjorie, vol. VIII, 199

Bogard, Albert Guy:
Testimony, vol. X, 352–356
Referred to, vol. X, 342–347, 350–351

Bogdan, Joseph, vol. IX, 8, 11

Bogoiavlensky (LeGon), Christiana. (_See_ Kearton, Christiana (Mrs.).)

Bogoiavlensky (LeGon), Robert, vol. VIII, 459, 464;
vol. IX, 98, 203–204, 206, 287, 291

Boguslav, Anton, vol. I, 80

Boland, Charley, vol. XIV, 32

Boland, Clark, vol. XIV, 295

Boland, James, vol. III, 384;
vol. IV, 103;
vol. VI, 110

Bonafede, Dom, vol. VII, 522–523, 525

Bonar, Howard R., vol. III, 157

Bonds, Joe, vol. I, 436;
vol. XIV, 112, 135–136, 454, 677

Bookhout, James W:
Testimony, vol. VII, 308–318
Referred to, vol. IV, 209, 211, 213, 222, 224, 227–228, 236,
238, 465–468;
vol. V, 35, 218–219;
vol. VII, 123, 133, 164, 177, 320;
vol. XII, 50, 59, 207, 212, 259–260, 272–273;
vol. XIII, 12, 15, 25, 35–36, 267

Boone, Eugene:
Testimony, vol. III, 291–295
Referred to, vol. III, 282, 284, 289;
vol. VI, 268;
vol. VII, 45, 107–108

Borack, Emil, vol. V, 429

Borchgardt, Richard Walter, vol. IV, 217;
vol. VII, 131–132, 171, 179, 242

Bordon, Jean, vol. XIV, 275

Boring, Floyd M., vol. II, 90, 105, 107, 112, 136–137;
vol. IV, 342;
vol. V, 67

Bortin, Sylvia, vol. XI, 110–111

Boster, Gene, vol. V, 271, 273;
vol. XI, 182–183

Boswell, Dr. J. Thornton:
Testimony, vol. II, 376–377
Referred to, vol. II, 349–350, 355, 373, 383;
vol. V, 142;
vol. VI, 25

Boswell, William O., vol. V, 372;
vol. XI, 199–200

Botelho, James Anthony:
Affidavit, vol. VIII, 315–316
Referred to, vol. VIII, 258, 288, 301

Bouck, Robert Inman:
Testimony, vol. IV, 294–299, 300–317
Referred to, vol. IV, 347;
vol. V, 464, 466, 581

Boudreaux, Anne (Mrs.), testimony, vol. VIII, 35–38

Bouhe, George Alexandrovich:
Testimony, vol. VIII, 355–378
Referred to, vol. I, 7, 11, 59, 112–113, 417;
vol. II, 9, 297–299, 304, 306–310, 323–329, 341;
vol. III, 114;
vol. IV, 400;
vol. V, 419, 603;
vol. VIII, 344, 381–385, 387–388, 393–395, 402, 404, 407–408,
411–413, 420, 423–425, 429–431, 435, 445, 451–453, 455,
457, 462, 466;
vol. IX, 6, 22, 33–37, 40–43, 58, 63–64, 70, 77–78, 84, 86,
122–125, 127–128, 136, 143–144, 150, 161–163, 165, 220–222,
224–228, 230–232, 235, 238, 240, 244, 250, 266, 306–307,
310–311, 314, 324, 327, 451;
vol. XI, 119–120, 122–123, 133–135, 148, 297–298

Bowen, John Howard, vol. XI, 223

Bowers, Lee E., Jr.:
Testimony, vol. VI, 284–289
Referred to, vol. III, 292;
vol. VI, 279

Bowie, Jim, vol. I, 460;
vol. V, 226, 229, 244;
vol. XIV, 507

Bowron, Diana Hamilton (Mrs.):
Testimony, vol. VI, 134–139
Referred to, vol. III, 359;
vol. VI, 2, 40, 46, 52–53, 151

Bowsher, R. W., vol. XIV, 19–20

Boyd, Elmer L.:
Testimony, vol. VII, 119–137
Referred to, vol. IV, 203–204, 206–207, 209, 211, 216–217;
vol. VII, 158–160, 163–165, 169, 171, 173, 177–180, 182–185;
vol. XII, 367;
vol. XIII, 32–34

Boyd, J. H., vol. XIII, 187

Boylston, Robert, vol. VIII, 30

Bradford, George, vol. VIII, 247

Bradley, Joyce, vol. XV, 401

Bradshaw, J. E., vol. XIV, 549–551, 593

Bramblett, Alton E., vol. XII, 122;
vol. XIII, 15;
vol. XV, 387

Branch, Eleanor (Mrs.), vol. XV, 478

Branch, John Henry:
Testimony, vol. XV, 473–482
Referred to, vol. XV, 334–336

Brandel, J. M. (Mrs.), vol. IX, 75, 97–98, 205

Brandles, John M., Jr., vol. X, 420

Brantley, Ray, vol. V, 201–202;
vol. XIV, 542–543, 560–561, 567, 596

Braswell, Don, vol. IV, 217

Brawner, Eddie, vol. XIV, 361, 363

Brawner, Mary (Mrs.), vol. XIV, 363

Brazel, Ellis Carl, vol. VII, 131–132, 172, 179, 242

Brehan, Charles F., vol. VII, 221

Breitman, Michael, vol. IX, 217, 305

Brennan, Howard Leslie:
Testimony, vol. III, 140–161, 184–186, 211;
vol. XI, 206–207
Referred to, vol. III, 197, 207;
vol. IV, 237, 357;
vol. VII, 221, 348–351, 354–355

Brereton, James N., vol. VIII, 267–268, 273, 276

Brewer, E. D., testimony, vol. VI, 302–308

Brewer, Johnny Calvin:
Testimony, vol. VII, 1–7
Referred to, vol. II, 55;
vol. III, 303;
vol. VII, 11, 93

Brian, V. J.:
Testimony, vol. V, 47–58
Referred to, vol. IV, 194, 196, 464, 471;
vol. V, 33–37, 46

Bridges, Harry (Mrs.), vol. IX, 4

Bridges, William, vol. VIII, 88–90

Briederdorf, Fred A., vol. XII, 448

Bright, H. R., vol. V, 505

Bright, Jackie, vol. XV, 209

Brightman, Michael, vol. VIII, 461

Bringuier, Carlos:
Testimony, vol. X, 32–51
Referred to, vol. V, 614;
vol. X, 53, 75–80, 82–85;
vol. XI, 158–161, 166, 168–170, 175, 178, 340, 342–344, 347, 351,
353–354, 356–359, 363–367, 378, 389;
vol. XIV, 74;
vol. XV, 720–721

Brock, Alvin R.:
Testimony, vol. XII, 171–176
Referred to, vol. XII, 104, 117, 333, 339, 358, 420, 422–424,
429, 447–448

Brock, Mary, affidavit, vol. VII, 593

Brock, Robert, affidavit, vol. VII, 593

Brody, Sam, vol. XIV, 403, 479;
vol. XV, 68

Brook, Billy, vol. XIV, 78, 129, 276

Brooker, Harvey, vol. XIV, 453

Brooks, Donald E.:
Testimony, vol. X, 143–149
Referred to, vol. X, 126–127, 152, 154;
vol. XI, 478

Brooks, Representative Jack, vol. II, 98, 152–154;
vol. V, 563, 565;
vol. VII, 465, 475;
vol. XV, 76

Brooks, Vernon, vol. XIV, 375

Brotherton, L. S., vol. V, 514

Brown, Arnold J., vol. IV, 420, 422, 424

Brown, B. G., vol. IV, 273

Brown, Barbara, vol. XIV, 58

Brown, Bertha, vol. XIV, 289–290

Brown, C. W.:
Testimony, vol. VII, 246–251
Referred to, vol. IV, 227, 241;
vol. VII, 150, 153, 199, 249, 261–262;
vol. XII, 19;
vol. XIII, 2–3, 7, 10, 17, 20, 24, 30–31

Brown, Charles T., vol. I, 142–143, 165, 409;
vol. X, 358, 361, 376–377, 379–380;
vol. XV, 619

Brown, Charley, vol. VIII, 264

Brown, Conrad, vol. XV, 217–218

Brown, Cornelius, vol. VIII, 297–299, 302

Brown, Earle V.:
Testimony, vol. VI, 231–236
Referred to, vol. VI, 237

Brown, George, vol. IX, 17

Brown, Harlan, vol. I, 142–143, 165, 409;
vol. XIII, 103, 117–118

Brown, Herman, vol. IX, 17

Brown, J. B., Jr., vol. V, 241;
vol. VII, 193, 209, 216, 452, 469;
vol. XII, 185;
vol. XIII, 111;
vol. XIV, 471, 478

Brown, Jim, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Brown, Mary Sue, vol. XIV, 451–452

Brown, Oran, vol. X, 355

Brown, Peter Megargee, testimony, vol. XI, 470

Brown, R. T., vol. XIV, 277

Brown, Thelma, vol. XIV, 289–290

Brown, Thomas L., vol. II, 390

Brownstein, Mildred, vol. XIV, 365

Bruneau, Emile, vol. VIII, 175

Brunner, Fred, vol. XIII, 70;
vol. XIV, 398–400, 473;
vol. XV, 518, 524

Bruno, Jerry, vol. VII, 442

Buchanan, Thomas G., vol. V, 30, 100–101

Buckmaster, Bob, vol. XV, 291–292

Bumwalt, Linda, vol. XIV, 275

Bundy, McGeorge, vol. V, 564, 581

Bunker, Jerry, vol. XIV, 71;
vol. XV, 642–644, 649–650, 653, 662

Burcham, John W., affidavit, vol. XI, 473

Burge, Jack, vol. X, 420

Burge, Rosalie, vol. X, 420

Burgess, E. O., vol. XII, 365;
vol. XIII, 10;
vol. XV, 109

Burkley, Adm. George G., vol. II, 91, 96, 98–99;
vol. III, 363;
vol. VI, 20, 25, 27, 69, 148;
vol. VII, 450, 452, 466, 469

Burleson, Phil, vol. V, 201;
vol. XIII, 309, 350–351, 488–489;
vol. XIV, 398, 406, 408, 410–411, 474, 576–577, 609, 611–612, 613,
622

Burley, William, vol. V, 490–491, 494–495, 502, 506, 506–511, 513–518,
520–521, 532;
vol. XI, 429, 431

Burney, C. T., vol. XIII, 187

Burnely, Charles, vol. VI, 443

Burnett, Richard J., vol. XV, 745

Burns, Doris (Miss), testimony, vol. VI, 397–399

Burroughs, Warren H. (Butch):
Testimony, vol. VII, 14–17
Referred to, vol. VII, 4–5, 9, 11, 13

Burrus, Bill, vol. I, 499–501

Burt, J. W., vol. XV, 741

Burt. J. W. (Mrs.), vol. XV, 741

Burt, Jimmy, vol. VII, 83

Busby, Charles, vol. XV, 610–612

Busch, Tom, vol. XIV, 60

Bush, Mike, vol. VI, 75

Butler, Edward, vol. X, 42;
vol. XI, 166, 168–171, 175;
vol. XIV, 74

Butler, George E., vol. XII, 146–147, 250–251, 273, 331;
vol. XIV, 638, 654;
vol. XV, 593–594

Butler, Mary Elizabeth, vol. X, 2

Butler, Samuel, Jr., vol. IX, 198

Byerly, Dave, vol. XV, 429

Byrum, Anice, vol. XV, 550, 554

Byrum, Louis, vol. XV, 548, 550