Chapter D

DALTON, TRISTRAM, Senator from Massachusetts, 10, 168, 251;
on committee for conducting reception of President, 11.

DAWSON, WILLIAM J., Representative from North Carolina, 455, 527.

DAYTON, JONATHAN, Representative from New Jersey, 316, 388, 455, 527,
604;
in favor of the attendance of the Secretary of War, 391;
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, 395;
on reduction of the army, 400;
acknowledges thanks of the House, 440;
on the sequestration of British debts, 483;
against continuing the embargo, 500;
moves to refer indemnity resolution to committee on sequestration of British
debts, 503;
advocates his motion, 503;
in favor of the bill to increase the army, 515;
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, 529;
on administering the oath to the delegate south of the Ohio, 531;
on the President's speech, 535;
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, 547, 548;
on Pennsylvania insurgents, 552;
on amending naturalization laws, 555;
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, 568;
on the purchase of Indian lands, 583;
elected Speaker, 604;
do. speech, 604;
on establishing Indian trading-houses, 624;
on the pay of the Speaker, 638;
on the execution of the British Treaty, 748;
on the admission of Tennessee, 754, 755;
on the military and naval appropriation, 764, 765.

DEARBORN, HENRY, Representative from Massachusetts, 455, 527, 664;
on thanks to General Wayne, 546;
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, 750, 751;
on the admission of Tennessee, 755.

_Debate_, on duties and imports, 37, 41, 57, 58;
on permanent seat of government, 145;
on amendments of the Senate to House bill fixing seat of government, 165;
on call of the House, 176;
on manner in which Secretary of the Treasury shall make a report, 177;
on answer to President's speech, 178;
on admission of reporters, 180;
on census of United States, 181;
on report of Secretary of the Treasury, 182;
on the naturalization laws, 184;
on the assumption of State debts, 191;
on the reception of the address of the Friends urging the discontinuance of
the slave trade, 202;
publication of, 377;
on a military establishment, 390;
on the defeat of St. Clair, 391, 393;
on the reduction of the army, 398;
on official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, 418;
on the pay of soldiers, 459;
on the commerce of the United States, 464;
on the war with Algiers, 475;
on sequestration of British debts, 483;
on non-intercourse with Great Britain, 493;
on the embargo, 499;
on indemnity for spoliations, 503;
on tobacco and sugar duties, 507, 599, 511;
on the delegate south of the Ohio, 529;
on answer to President's speech, 531;
on Pennsylvania insurgents, 547;
on naturalization bill, 555;
on reduction of salaries, 571;
on Thomas Pearson and others, 576;
on Indian lands in Georgia, 586;
on the address to the President, 605;
Robert Randall bribery case, 609;
on appropriations, 625;
on Treaty with Great Britain, 639;
on admission of Tennessee, 754.

_Debt of the States_, _note_, 140;
assumption of, 191.

_Delaware_, vote for President, 10, 385.

_Delegates from Territories._--Report on the credentials of James White,
Representative of the territory south of the Ohio, 528;
unconstitutional to permit the delegate to debate and not to vote, 528;
the law says he shall be a member of Congress--one House is not Congress,
hence the delegate may vote in both Houses, 528;
constitution makes no provision for such a person, 528;
his proper title is to a seat in the Senate, 529;
the House can admit those whom it regards as lawfully entitled to a seat,
529;
by whom was he to be paid? 529;
expedient to admit the delegate, 529;
the House has the right to consult or admit any one to debate, but not to
vote, 529;
an act of the whole legislature requisite for the introduction of a
delegate, 529;
an act of the legislature impracticable, 529;
he has a right to a seat founded on an original compact, 530;
amendment proposed, 530;
the constitution admits no such character, 530;
report of the committee, 530;
moved that the delegate be required to take an oath, 531;
the constitution requires only members and the clerk to take an oath, 531;
improper to demand an oath of a delegate as he cannot vote, 531;
motion lost, 531.

DENT, GEORGE, Representative from Maryland, 455, 527, 604.

_Departments_, executive, debate on, 85;
of interior, organization of, proposed as a home department, 85;
of State, organization of, proposed, 85;
resolved, 86;
of treasury, organization of proposed, 85;
of war, organization of, proposed, 85;
of the treasury, organization of, proposed, 90;
debate, 90;
three commissioners of treasury voted down, 94;
executive, resolution on, 94;
do. committee on, 94;
of State, on removal of the Secretary by the President, 102;
of war, 108;
do. bill ordered to be engrossed, 109;
of the treasury, debate on duties of the Secretary, 109;
home, 127;
proposition lost, 128;
see _Executive_ departments.

DEXTER, SAMUEL, Jr., Representative from Massachusetts, 457, 528;
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, 463;
against continuing the embargo, 500;
opposes reference of the indemnity resolutions to committee on sequestration
of British debts, 505;
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, 529, 530;
on the President's speech, 532, 535, 538;
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, 550, 551, 553;
on amending naturalization laws, 556;
on the exclusion of titled foreigners from citizenship, 557.

DICKINSON, PHILEMON, Senator from New Jersey, 251, 309, 380.

_Discrimination_, in public creditors, _see Treasury_, report of Secretary.

_Distilled spirits_, debate on drawback, 43;
duty on, proposed, 28, 29;
duty on, 113;
_see Duties_ on imports.

_Drawbacks_, _see Duties_ on imports.

DUDLEY, GIFFORD, elected doorkeeper of House, 22, 315.

_Duties ad valorem_, laid, 41, 43;
collection of, bill reported, 57;
on imports, bill laying the same considered, 15;
subject brought before the House by Mr. Madison, 22;
scale adopted in 1783, 23;
debate on, in committee, 23, 33, 44;
effect of high duties on smuggling, 44;
debate thereon, 69, 73;
debate on limiting the time of the bill, 77;
amendment proposed, 81;
withdrawn, 83;
another moved, 84;
bearing of the debate upon protection, _note_, 84.

_Duties on Import_s.--Debate on, 22;
importance of the subject, 22;
deficiency of the Treasury, 22;
the propositions by Congress in 1783, suitable for a basis, 23;
heretofore approved by the States, 23;
tonnage duties added, 23;
necessity of the measure, 23;
motion to fill the blanks of rate of duty as proposed by Congress in 1783,
23;
filling the blanks should be postponed until the business is more mature,
23;
immediate filling not necessary, 23;
the proposition considered in a revenue light alone, 24;
system of the plan proposed, 24;
its simplicity, 24;
something more than a temporary measure should be adopted, 24;
list of articles on which duties should be levied proposed, 24;
a single system embracing the most material and productive articles is best
at present--a plan comprising all is a work of time and leisure, 25;
to establish a permanent regulation now is most satisfactory to the public,
25;
five per cent. on all imports excepting a few articles enumerated for
specific duty proposed in 1783--the history of the ancient world shows
protection to domestic manufactures, 25;
the fostering hand of the General Government should extend to all
manufactures of national utility, 25;
any system of imports must be founded on mutual concession, 26;
the means of encouraging agriculture should be considered, 26;
of this we have the monopoly, 26;
commerce, labor and industry, should be free, with some exceptions--every
nation should have means of defence within itself, 26;
imposts the easiest system of revenue, 26;
but in what manner shall it be done? 26;
specific duties on enumerated articles desirable, 26;
a political necessity exists for encouraging manufactures, and raising a
revenue, 27;
what articles shall be taxed, what amount of money will each yield, and in
what manner shall it be collected? 27;
these questions should be the subjects of two bills, 27;
in laying duties where the quantum is unascertainable, they should be low
rather than high, 27.

_Rum._--Fifteen cents per gallon proposed, 27;
fifteen too high, ten moved, 27;
committee not prepared to enter on the business in the accurate manner
proposed, 27;
encouragement to manufactures in their present feeble state would be a tax
on the public for the benefit of a few, 27;
what article shall be subject to specific, and what to _ad valorem_,
duties, and on what principle shall the discrimination be made? 28;
if the main object is revenue, consider when a duty is laid how far it is
likely to be collected, 28;
fifteen cents per gallon on rum may tempt smuggling, 28;
it is one third the cost, 28;
the highest sum can be collected, 28;
revenue is the present object, and rum is the most productive article, 28;
what shall be the duty on one article must be determined by the
circumstances of the article, 29;
yet fifteen cents on rum may lead to evasion of the law, 29;
fifteen cents adopted, 29;
_drawback_ on rum exported, of six cents, 49;
lead to frauds on the revenue, 43;
no drawback will be a great injury to the manufacture, 43;
drawbacks will not operate to the disadvantage of the revenue, 43;
if not allowed it will be a restraint on commerce, 43;
particularly unjust if not allowed on rum, 43;
this was an encouragement to commerce, and should not be combined in a bill
encouraging manufactures, 43;
drawbacks generally, 45;
duty on rum, 65;
motion to reduce lost, 65.

_Bill repealing duties_ heretofore laid on distilled spirits imported
from abroad, and laying others in their stead, and also upon spirits
distilled within the United States, considered, 262;
an excise law to be reprobated, 263;
unequal in its operation, 262, 263;
history of excises in England, 263;
compliment to importers on promptness in paying duties, 263;
bill hostile to the liberties of the people, 263;
present revenue and demands compared, 263;
tendency to promote smuggling, 263;
mode of raising additional revenue disliked, 263;
motion to strike out duties specified in order to insert duties on molasses,
264;
of all excises that on ardent spirits least exceptionable, 264;
direct taxation preferable, 264;
no other mode can be adopted, 264;
other sources of revenue might be explored, 264;
smuggling be promoted, 264;
deficiency exists--money must be raised--direct taxation impracticable, 264;
operation of an excise in North Carolina, 265;
an equal and just mode of taxation, 265;
good sense of the people support it, 265;
no more proper subject for revenue, 265;
direct taxes opposed, 266;
difference from the English bill, 266;
excises constitutional, 266;
people of Southern States cheerfully acquiesce in the wisdom of Legislature,
266;
probable revenue of the year, 267;
an amendment moved to prevent inspectors, &c., from interfering in
elections, &c., 270;
the amendment should be extended to every person, 270;
proposition important, 271;
bad policy to render the law odious by fixing a stigma on the officers to
execute it, 271;
propriety of the motion, 271;
motion does not go far enough, 271;
reasons for the amendment, 271;
objections to the amendment, 271;
amendment lost, 272;
bill passed, 272.

_Molasses._--Shall we tax spirits or the article from which it comes,
29;
better collect on the importation of molasses, 29;
eight cents is in proportion to the tax on rum, 29;
this is a raw material important to manufactures in Eastern States, a
necessary of life--the tax, a local burden--two cents high enough, 29;
a principle of action should be adopted, 29;
if molasses is taxed high because the duty on spirits is high, a necessary
of life is burdened, 29;
this rate of duty is unequal, 30;
it will bring sudden ruin on the manufacturers of domestic spirits, 30;
if a particular duty bears hard on one member of the Union, it is part only
of a system bearing equally upon all, 30;
is this duty ruinous to Massachusetts? 30;
let a drawback of this duty be paid on all rum exported, 30;
eight cents is more than a third of the cost of molasses, and higher than
the duty on rum, 31;
six cents is more equitable; this principle now fixed would carry them
through the whole, 31;
fixed at six cents, 31;
if a reduction is made on other articles, there should be one on molasses,
69;
the duty is not rated in proportion to other articles; the reduction must
depend on the article itself, 69;
should so rate as to make the States bear their due proportion of the
aggregate, 69;
every article should stand on its own bottom, 70;
this duty is out of proportion, and too high to be collected, 70;
it is a tax on a raw material and on an article of consumption, 70;
the necessity of a drawback on country rum is incurred, 70;
without the molasses trade the fishery cannot be carried on, 70;
experience is against high duties on molasses, 70;
fish are given in exchange for French molasses in the colonies; if the
exportation of molasses is impeded so is that of fish, 71;
the arguments of the advocates of a reduced duty, 71;
six cents changed to five, 73.

_Madeira Wine._--Thirty cents proposed, as it corresponds with the rate
per cent. on the value--a principle now admitted, 31;
fifty cents proposed, as the article is not a necessary of life, and it is
desirable to raise all the revenue from imports, 31;
fifty cents prohibitory, 31;
the duty should be according to the relative value of the article at the
time and place of importation, 32;
cost of wine estimated, 32;
thirty-three cents substituted, 32;
discrimination on all other wine, 32;
discrimination not proper at this time, 33.

_Sugar_, put on same footing as molasses, 33.

_Beer, ale, and porter._--This manufacture should be encouraged, 33;
nine cents moved, 33;
the duty should be so high as to give preference to American beer, 33;
a low tax will raise money enough, 33;
nine cents prohibitory, 33;
prohibition will increase the manufacture and reduce the price--encourage
raw material, 34;
eight cents fixed, 34.

_Candles._--Moved to strike out, 34;
it is necessary to continue encouragements begun by the State Governments,
34;
a small encouragement would place the article beyond competition, 35;
if there was much importation of the article, it should be taxed for the
sake of revenue, 35.

_Steel, unwrought._--Any duty on, unwise and impolitic, 35;
more deserving of a bounty, 35;
a little encouragement would furnish abundance, 35;
encouragement of the object of selecting the article, 85;
the smallest tax on steel would be a burden upon agriculture, an interest
most deserving of protection, 35;
condition of South Carolina, 35;
local considerations must be got rid of, 35;
what operates to the benefit of one part in establishing useful institutions
will operate finally to the advantage of all, 36;
sixty-six cents a heavy duty on agriculture and mechanic arts, 36;
fixed at fifty-six, 36.

_Hemp and Cordage._--Policy of taxing cordage doubtful, 36;
ship-building of national interest, 36;
duty on hemp moved also, 36;
if one is necessary, so is the other, 36;
soil of the country ill adapted to hemp, 36;
a duty on it would discourage navigation, trade and fisheries, 36;
policy of taxing either doubtful, 36;
Southern States calculated to raise hemp--protection to husbandry important
as to manufactures, 36;
distinction between taxing manufactures and raw material, 36;
no amount of duty could give encouragement, if present price failed to do
it, 36;
frontier lands excellent for its growth, 36;
the committee should do as much for the farmer as the artisan, 36;
American lands will produce it equal to any in the world, 37;
a small duty would turn public attention to it, 37;
agriculture should be encouraged, but not at the expense of ship-building,
37;
forty cents moved, 37;
encouraging the settlement of western lands will encourage ship-building
more than a bounty on hemp, 37;
a low duty will encourage its growth in South Carolina and Georgia, 37;
if hemp left out, cordage should be also, 38;
a low duty at first, 38;
fifty cents fixed, 38;
immediate encouragement contended for, 54.

_Nails, spikes, &c._--This is a tax on the improvement of estates, 38;
like a tax on hemp, would increase the price of ship-building, 38;
an unequal tax, 38;
in a little time the home supply would equal the demand, 38;
needs no legislative assistance, 38;
refusing the duty will do no material injury, 38;
one cent per pound fixed, 38.

_Salt_, a necessary of life, 38;
present price high, 38;
much to be depended on as a source of revenue, 39;
this tax heavier on the poor than on the rich, 39;
no encouragement would be sufficient to establish its manufacture, 39;
this tax unpopular and unjust, 39;
it will cause much dissatisfaction with the new Government, 39;
dissatisfaction will be only partial, 40;
the tax not unequal, 40;
taxes, to be just, should affect all, as this will, 40;
the good sense and justice of the people to be trusted, 40;
to be considered on the principle of justice and policy, 40;
it falls on all alike, is part of a system, 40;
any distinction is in favor of the Southern division, 40;
if oppressive to the West, the equilibrium is restored by other articles in
the system of revenue, 40;
no law unjust and oppressive should be made, 41;
such the duty on salt will be considered, 41;
fixed at six cents, with a drawback on salted provisions, 41.

_Teas_, a discriminating duty in favor of American bottoms proposed,
41;
a large trade now sprung up with the East, 42;
policy of the measure doubtful, 42;
its object is not to add to the revenue, 42;
long voyages unfriendly to commerce, 42;
the only advantage is to raise the India commerce, 42;
large amounts of American produce were exported in this trade, 42;
it would afford protection against the large companies in Europe, 42;
duty fixed as proposed, 42.

_Coal._--Coal came from Europe as ballast so cheap as to prevent the
working of the mines in Virginia, 42;
three cents fixed, 42.

_Scale of duties_, motion to reduce as too high, 44;
the scale will be found not too high, 44;
certainly too high to be well collected, especially in Georgia, 44;
greater revenue can be obtained from a lower scale, 44;
high duties produce smuggling, 44;
high duties now will lead to smuggling, and oppress certain citizens and
States for the benefit of others, 57;
high duties raise a scruple respecting the allowance of a drawback, 58;
high duties improper, because they are impolitic, 59;
Southern States willing to consent to moderate duties, and give every
encouragement possible, but not consent to great oppression, 59;
are the duties too high or not? 59;
what are the objects of Government--revenue one of the first? 60;
if the revenue system falls with oppressive weight, it will shake the
foundations of the Government, 60;
what we may reasonably expect to collect is the point to be considered, 60;
the chain of ideas upon which the whole subject is suspended, 60;
all the money should be drawn from impost which can be, 60;
rate of the duties, 60;
if the scale is reduced, the amount of revenue will be insufficient, 61;
direct taxation and excises are the only other means of resource, 61;
experience of the old Congress and the increase of our importations show the
scale to be too high, 61;
the objects for which the money is needed are most important, 62;
direct taxes are the alternative of lowering the scale, 62;
every article stands as well as possible under the information possessed,
62;
the arguments of the advocates of low duties considered, 62;
this system compared in amount with that of Great Britain, 63;
arguments of the advocates of high duties considered, 63;
a host of revenue officers required to collect high duties would leave
little for the treasury, 64;
America has vessels well adapted for smuggling, 64;
effects of high duties on the mercantile interest, 64;
the impost will be well collected, 64;
whatever is just and right the people will judge of and comply with, 65;
if revenue is our primary object and other considerations secondary, we
should do nothing to operate against the principle, 65;
object of the committee is to raise revenue, 65.

_African Slaves._--Duty on their importation moved, 73;
not to be hastily considered, 73;
impost bill on goods not proper to embrace this subject, 73;
the motion should comprehend the white slave as well as black imported from
the jails of Europe, 74;
no right to consider whether the importation is proper or not, as the
constitution gives the power, 74;
the principle of the bill is to raise revenue, the principle of the motion
is to correct a moral evil, 74;
the whole burden falls on two or three States, which bear their full
proportion of other taxes, 74;
imposing a duty on the importation may have the appearance of countenancing
it, 74;
if negroes are goods, they come within the provisions of the bill--if not,
the bill would be inconsistent, 74;
the motion should be brought forward as a distinct proposition, 74;
now is a proper time and place to consider the motion, 75;
the object of enumerating persons on paper with goods is to prevent the
practice of treating them as such by having them form part of cargoes of
goods, 75;
the tax not partial--in many instances such taxes are laid, 75;
arguments of the opponents considered, 75;
no difference whether left among enumerated or non-enumerated articles, 76;
would a five per cent, _ad valorem_ on goods apply to slaves unless so
stated, 76;
the States were now prevented from continuing their duty on the importation,
76;
motion withdrawn, 76.

_Limitation clause_ as to the time of continuing the impost bill moved,
77;
propriety doubted, 77;
difficulty of fixing a suitable time, 77;
this is an experiment, and should be limited to three or five years, 77;
if the law is temporary, the people will not object to high duties, 77;
the object of the bill is the re-establishment of public credit, a motion
limiting it strikes at that credit, 77;
to pass a bill to draw revenue from the people without limitation of time
appeared dangerous, 77;
it was not only to restore credit, but encourage certain people to engage in
enterprises for which the public faith seemed to be pledged, 77;
if made perpetual, the House could not alter it unless the President or a
majority of the Senate approved, 78;
the House is constitutionally the originator of money bills, 78;
impossible to provide for the objects of the bill if it is limited to a few
years, 78;
a future Congress may repeal it, 78;
great care was necessary to preserve the principle of raising money
inviolate, 78;
there are great demands on the treasury, and no documents to show what they
are or what the revenue bill will produce, 79;
danger of making the bill perpetual is the loss of power to originate money
bills, and the extending the revenue above the demands of Government, 79;
a temporary limitation would inspire confidence, 79;
a perpetual one for interest alone would destroy all hope of payment of the
principal, and shock credit, 79;
nothing but a fixed, permanent, system can give security, 79;
public credit will not admit a temporary act, 80;
a measure of this kind necessary to reconcile members to different parts of
the bill, 80;
if the law is made perpetual, it will collect money in the public coffers
after the debt is paid, 80;
the Senate more likely than the House to misunderstand the public voice--the
latter should preserve power of redress, 81;
examination of reasons for making the law perpetual, 81;
no law should be passed without a limitation, 83;
no opportunity to amend errors if the law is made perpetual, 83;
the system should be permanent if the law is not perpetual, 83;
no revenue law with a limitation can probably be found on the English
statute books, 83;
motion withdrawn, and another substituted fixing a day for the termination
of the act, unless otherwise provided, &c., 84;
latter part struck out, 84; motion passed, 84;
first day of June, 1796, fixed, 84.

Duties as agreed in conference with the Senate, 113;
bill for laying additional duties considered, 506;
three cents additional on salt opposed as oppressive, 506;
it is better than a land tax, 506;
no tax could be so universally unpopular as this, 506;
rejected, 506;
other duties considered, 506;
one and a half cents additional laid on coal, 506.

_Manufactured Tobacco and Refined Sugar_, duty on,
considered, 507;
these articles incapable of bearing a burden, 507;
of the nature of an excise, and the money can be raised either way, 507;
if the bill is thrown out, then farewell to firm and determined measures,
507;
objections to an excise, 507;
the principle of excise is settled, 507;
reasons in favor of the duty, 507;
delay urged, 509;
money needed, 509;
a considerable deficiency, 509;
imports reduced by capture of American shipping, 509;
a general increased import would not effect the object, 509;
if peace continues, the revenue may be adequate--if war comes, it will be
deficient, 510;
better to postpone the subject, 510;
motion to reject the bill lost, 511;
amended so as to confine the duty to manufactured snuff, 511;
moved to strike out duty on refined sugars, 511;
now in its infancy, 512;
state of the trade--objections to the duty considered, 512;
motion to strike out lost, 512.

_Duties on Tonnage._--Debate in Committee of the Whole, 48;
objects of tonnage duties, 48;
motion to reduce from thirty to twenty cents, 48;
the objects accomplished, 48;
Southern products cannot bear high duties, 48;
reasons for the reduction insufficient, 49;
if we have various, we have not opposite interests, 49;
no feeling of jealousy or rivalry exists, 49;
encouragement of navigation indispensably necessary, 49;
the price of freight will equalize itself, 49;
regulation in favor of American shipping absolutely necessary to restore
equality with foreigners, 50;
Southern States indignant at the power which foreigners have over their
commerce, 50;
they look forward to the day when their navigation will be secured to the
Eastern States, 50;
under present circumstances a heavy tonnage duty will be attended with
dangerous consequences at the South, 50;
the principle of preference being fixed, it only remains to ascertain the
proper degree, 50;
a moderate duty should be allowed now, 50;
but little difference in the capacity of the several States for
ship-building, 50;
this encouragement will diffuse and equalize its operation in every port,
50;
proposition to lay a duty of fifty cents per ton on all vessels wholly or in
parts, owned by subjects of foreign powers, 53;
motion to reduce to forty until 1791; then increase it to seventy-five
cents, 53;
State duties are higher, and, if now reduced, will cause distress, 54;
if sufficient encouragement is given now, our navigation will probably
immediately flourish, 54;
doubtful policy now to reduce and then increase duty at the end of two
years, 54;
ship-building now needs the greatest encouragement, owing to its present low
state, 54;
different course pursued by the members from Massachusetts and Pennsylvania,
54;
people of the Southern States in debt, and have no shipping, and are unable
to sustain any new burdens, 55;
the difference in views does not arise from the geographical situation of
the country, 55;
the States expect Congress to protect their citizens in the property
acquired under State legislation, 55;
forty cents not too low, 54;
many years must elapse before we have sufficient tonnage to export our
commodities, 55;
the business is now in the hands of foreigners, and a duty will cause a rise
of freight by them, 55;
is fifty cents too high? 55;
a permanent regulation best, 55;
British shipping now crowds the ports of Virginia, although the tonnage duty
is twice as high, 56;
the question of discrimination has been decided, 56;
two years will not produce sufficient shipping--it will be improper to raise
the duty then, 56;
a certain tonnage duty best, 56;
motion to reduce, and then raise in two years, lost, 57;
regulations as adopted, 57;
_see Address_ of House to President, and page 257.

_Duties_, protective, on unwrought steel advocated, 35.

DUVALL, GEORGE, Representative from Maryland, 604.

E

EARLE, SAMUEL, Representative from South Carolina, 604.

EDWARDS, JOHN, Senator from Kentucky, 380, 441, 520.

_Elections_, contested, 94;
case of Wm. Smith, 94;
do. _note___, 94.

_Elections.--See Contested Elections._

_Electors of President._--Bill in relation to election of President
considered, 333;
longer time for the choice of Electors of President and Vice President, 333;
disagreeable consequences likely to follow a failure of choice, 333;
moved to strike out thirty days, 333;
if possible, the Electors should meet on the very day they are chosen, 333;
fourteen days would be a more proper time, 333;
it was hardly possible to know electors would agree in a choice--in such
cases a short time might answer, 333;
motion negatived, 333.

Objections urged to the clause requiring Executives to certify the names of
Electors, 333;
no person can be called on to discharge any duty for the U. S. who does not
receive an appointment from the U. S., 333;
if Congress cannot call upon Executives, upon whom can they call? 334;
provision improper, 334;
on the contrary, it is neither an undue assumption nor degrading to the
Executives, 334;
motion to strike out lost, 334.

ELLSWORTH, OLIVER, Senator from Connecticut, 9, 168, 251, 313, 380,
441, 520, 591;
ordered to inform the House of a quorum in the Senate, &c., 9;
appointed on Committee on Rules, in case of conference, first Congress--on
electing Chaplain, 10;
appointed on Judiciary Committee, first Congress, 10;
on committee on titles of President and Vice President, 13;
delivered message from the Senate to the House, 22;
report upon the commencement of the term of office of President, &c., 171;
on answer to President's speech, 596;
on consideration of resolutions relative to presentation of French flag,
598;
on resolutions relative to presentation of French flag, 599, 600.

ELMER, JONATHAN, Senator from New Jersey, 9, 151, 170.

_Embargo._--_See Great Britain_, retaliatory measures upon.

_Emigration_, Proclamation of Spanish Governor of Illinois Posts, 114;
encouragement of, 114.

_Estimates of Money_ necessary for 1794, 480.

_Excise Laws_, Debate, 263.
See "_Duties on Imports_" under head of _Distilled Spirits_;
memorial on the, 328.

_Excise.--See Duties_ on Imports, manufactured tobacco, 507.

_Executive Departments._--Resolution respecting, 85;
debate thereon, 85; how many departments shall be established? 85;
three moved, 85;
founded upon the constitutional division of these powers, 85;
Home Department should be added, 85;
previous motion withdrawn, 85;
new motion to establish a Department of Foreign Affairs, one of the
Treasury, one of War, 86;
Department of Foreign Affairs agreed to, 86.

_Mode of appointing the officer_, 86;
motion to strike out "by the President with the advice of the Senate," as
unnecessary, 86;
no serious reason against their insertion, 86;
the power of appointing is the gift of the Legislature, as the Secretary is
an inferior officer, 86;
the words only repeat those in the constitution, 86; words struck out by a
vote, 86.

_Power of Removal_ in the President doubted, 86;
impeachment the only mode, 86;
what the consequences of such an interpretation, 86;
absolutely necessary the President should have the power of removal, 87;
if an officer can be removed only by impeachment, he holds his office during
good behavior, 87;
it does not consist with the nature of things that impeachment should be the
only mode of removal, 87;
the power given to the Senate respecting appointments would be almost
nugatory if the President had the power of removal, 87;
if the House had the power of removal by the constitution, they could not
give it out of their hands, 87;
not a proper construction of the constitution to say impeachment is the only
mode of removal, 87;
a legislative construction of this part of the constitution necessary, 88;
in all cases the party who appointed should judge of the removal, unless
otherwise excepted, 88;
a liberal construction should be given to the constitution, 88;
the President should be made as responsible as possible for the conduct of
his officers, 88;
how the constitution provides for the appointment of public officers, 89;
the power which appointed had the right of removal--shall it be given to the
President alone? 89;
the power of removal exists somewhere, and where? 89;
it is an executive power, and belongs to the President, 89;
the power declared to be in the President by a large majority, 90.

_Department of Foreign Affairs_, in Committee of the Whole on the bill
to establish a, 102;
on the words, "To be removable from office by the President of the United
States," 102;
debate, 102;
the power of appointing and dismissing united in their natures, 102;
motion to strike out the words, 102;
the declaration should not be made even if the President has the power, 102;
no right to deprive the Senate of their constitutional prerogative, 102;
we are declaring a power in the President which may be greatly abused, 103;
the constitution the only guide; as it is silent, Congress should say
nothing about it, 103;
the nature of things; the express objects of the constitution require this
power in the President as the most suitable person, and it must be conferred
upon him by the constitution as the executive officer of the Government, 104;
safer in the hands of the President than elsewhere, 104;
if this power is not in the President, it is not vested anywhere, 105;
this construction preserves to the department the full exercise of its
powers, 105;
the precedent of the individual States, 106;
may arrive at something near certainty by attending to the leading
principles of the constitution, 106;
examination of the constitution, 107;
motion to strike out decided in the negative, 108;
passage of the bill, 108;
same clause attached to the bill organizing Department of War, 108.

_Treasury Department._--Debate, 90;
shall this important department be in the hands of a single officer or in a
Board of Commissioners? 90;
duties to be assigned to the Secretary, 90;
a Board of Treasury would conduct the business of finance with greater
security and satisfaction than a single officer, 92;
experience shows a Board of Treasury is the worst of all institutions, 92;
experience with a single individual, 92;
not so much system, energy, or responsibility in a Board as in a single
officer, 93;
with, a single officer there is safety, if the various business of the
department is divided and modified, 93;
with a Board more power is given to each individual than is proposed to give
to a Secretary, 93;
shall the department be under one or more officers is the question;
what does experience show? 93;
motion in favor of a Board lost, 94.

The words in bill to "digest and report plans for the improvement and
management of the revenue and the support of public credit," objected to, 109;
Debate thereon, 109;
to require the Secretary to make out and prepare estimates is sufficient--
any thing farther is a dangerous innovation upon the constitutional privilege
of the House, 109;
to report plans will abridge the privileges of the House, 109;
the bill will be nugatory without this clause, 109;
it cannot infringe the privileges of the House, 109;
from the nature of his office, the Secretary will be better acquainted than
any other person, 110;
the constitution expressly delegates to us
the business of revenue--if we blindly follow an unskilful minister, our
constituents have no security, 110;
the power of originating money bills here is a sacred deposit, 110;
we may neither violate it nor divest ourselves of it, 110;
the circumstances of the country are such that the House needs the aid of
such an individual, 111;
too great jealousy for liberty hurtful, 111;
the clause is unsafe and inconsistent with the constitution, 111;
the object of the clause is good, viz: to get information, but the Secretary
should not possess a right to give it, 111;
what is this officer to be responsible for, to entitle him to such powers?
112;
difficult to see where the danger lies, 112;
what is meant by responsibility? 112;
something of the kind is required in the bill, 112;
motion to strike out lost, 113.

_Home Department_ moved, 127;
duties of it proposed, 127;
necessity of it not apparent, 127;
duties may be distributed to other departments, 127;
they have not been so distributed, 127;
foreign to the other officers, 128;
economy forbids it, 128;
motion to establish lost, 128.

_Reception of a Letter from the Head of Department._--Motion to refer
a message of the President laying before Congress a copy of a letter from the
Secretary of War, &c., 566;
objected to, as showing too much deference to heads of departments, 566;
the President had a right to send the communication and the subject of
utmost importance, 567;
it is an executive comment on a Legislative proceeding, 567;
a defence of a measure adopted by the Senate condemned by implication
another of the House, 567;
no good reason to reject information because we had not asked for it, 567;
reference to the constitution, 567;
such jealousy needless, 567;
objections unfounded, 567;
letter of Secretary extremely improper and ill-judged, 567;
former practice, 568;
passage from the letter, 568;
the idea of a dangerous precedent at hand, 568;
report unworthy of the notice of the House, 569;
the amendment wrong in principle and practice, 569;
farther consideration of the subject, 570;
amendment negatived, 571.

F

FEW, WILLIAM, Senator from Georgia, 9, 168, 251, 309, 380;
on committee of arrangements for reception of President, 10;
appointed on Judiciary Committee, 1st Congress, 10.

FINDLAY, WILLIAM, Representative from Pennsylvania, 317, 389, 455,
532, 606;
on the ratio of representation, 324;
on the petition of Catharine Greene, 336;
on discharging committee in case of St. Clair, 395;
on the reduction of the army, 408;
further remarks, 414;
on the official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, 424;
objects to additional duty on salt, 506;
on intruders on Indian lands, 585;
on a salary for members of Congress, 636;
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, 668.

FISHBOURN, BENJAMIN, nomination as naval officer at Savannah rejected
by the Senate, 17.

FITCH, JOHN, petition for protection of his rights in applying steam
power to purposes of navigation, 73.

FITZSIMONS, THOMAS, Representative from Pennsylvania, 22, 175, 255,
315, 388, 455, 527;
remarks on duties on imports--offers an amendment fixing certain duties on
certain articles, 24;
on duty on molasses, 29, 30, 31;
on duty on Madeira wine, 31;
on duty on teas, 32;
on sugar, 33;
on duty on beer, &c., 33;
do. on candles, 34;
advocates do. on unwrought steel, 35;
on duty on hemp, 36;
do. on nails, 38;
motion relative to duty on teas, 41;
proposes drawback on distilled spirits, 43;
proposes drawbacks on foreign goods exported, 43;
opposes low tonnage duties, 54;
explanation of his remarks relative to duty on molasses, 69;
on the time for continuing in force the impost bill, 77;
further remarks, 84;
on the finances, 128;
offers resolution for the appointment of commissioners
to select site for a seat of government, &c., 159;
presents the address of Friends in Pennsylvania, &c., against the African
slave trade, _note_, 201;
on Treasury returns, 263;
against attendance of Secretary of War, 391;
on the reduction of the army, 400; on official conduct of Secretary of
Treasury, 426;
on the pay of soldiers, 460;
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, 463;
on the commerce of the United States, 468;
on the preparations for the Algerine war, 478;
against the embargo laws, 499;
defends the tax on coal, 506;
on duty on sugar, 513;
on an increase of the army, 515;
amendment relative to the President's speech, 533, 537;
on intruders on Indian lands, 585.

_French Flag._--Resolutions relating thereto, considered in the Senate,
597;
moved to postpone consideration, 597;
it might convey a distrust of the sense of the Senate on the Republic, 598;
no difference of feeling in the Senate on the subject, but more time was
desirable, 598;
moved to strike out certain words, 598;
the parts of the President's communication, 598;
the subject was divided into two parts, 599;
other points considered, 599;
the Senate should express their own sentiments, 599;
former practice, 600;
other cases considered, 600;
no difference, except in a matter of form, 600;
further considerations, 601;
motion carried, 601;
presentation to the House, 615;
do. description of, 615.

_Flag of the United States._--A bill from the Senate to alter the flag of
the United States, considered, 461;
if it is altered from thirteen to fifteen stripes because Vermont and
Kentucky have been added, it may be necessary to alter it for a hundred years,
461;
very important not to offend the new States, 461;
the whole idea ridiculous, 461;
important to inform the rest of the world that two States were added, 461;
the alteration would cost every vessel in the Union sixty dollars, 462;
bill ordered to third reading, 462.

FLOYD, WILLIAM, Representative from New York, 27, 175, 255.

_Foreign Intercourse.--See Intercourse._

FORREST, URIAH, Representative from Maryland, 458;
on the commerce of the United States, 467.

FOSTER, ABIEL, Representative from New Hampshire, 137, 175, 255, 604.

FOSTER, DWIGHT, Representative from Massachusetts, 527, 604;
on the execution of the British treaty, 734.

FOSTER, THEODORE, Senator from Rhode Island, 309, 380, 444, 520, 591.

_France, Advance of Money to._--The report relative to an advance of
money requested by the Minister of the French Republic, considered, 514;
American citizens have claims for indemnification, why use the money to pay
to France before it is due, 514;
the cause of France and this country inseparably connected, 514;
they are our old allies, 514;
the loan in Europe was obtained for the defence of this country--it would be
imprudence to apply it to any other purpose, 514;
no ground for a plea of necessity for giving this money, 514;
no good reason for disposing of this money in this way, 514;
complaints have arisen of want of money in the Treasury since that has been
proposed, 517; bill
amended and passed, 517.

_France._--Letter of French King, 313;
resolutions on courtesies of, 370.

_Franking Privileges.--See Post Office Bill._

FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN, death announced to the House, 239;
eulogy on, in France, sent to Senate, 253.

FRANKLIN, JESSE, Representative from North Carolina, 604.

_Freedom of Conscience._--Amendment to the constitution, debate on, 137.

FREEMAN, NATHANIEL, Jr., Representative from Mass., 604;
on the answer to the President's speech, 606.

FRELINGHUYSEN, FREDERICK, Senator from New Jersey, 524, 591.

_French Committee_ of Public Safety, address of, 616.

_French Minister's_ address to the President on the presentation of the Flag of the French Republic, 616.

_French Refugees._--The petition of the committee appointed by the
Legislature of Maryland to draw and distribute the money appropriated by that
State to the French refugees, considered, 462;
three thousand fugitives from St. Domingo had been at once landed, 462;
what article of the constitution grants a right to Congress to expend on
benevolent objects the money of their constituents? 462;
a dangerous precedent would be established, 462;
generosity of the English Parliament in 1755, 462;
perhaps some other mode can be devised, 462;
as much authority for relieving these fugitives as for indemnifying citizens
for losses by British pirates, 462;
the two cases widely different, 463;
no difficulty in this matter, we are bound by the law of nature and of
nations to relieve the citizens of a Republic who were our allies, and
formerly our benefactors, 463;
look at our treatment of the Indian embassies, 463;
delay was desirable in this matter, 463;
its legality is doubtful, 463;
an appeal to our humanity is out of place, 463;
petition for the speedy action of Congress on the memorial, 474;
moved to pay $10,000 and negotiate the matter with the French Minister, 474;
House has a right to, 474;
passage of the motion warmly urged, 474;
not to be tied up by the constitution in such a case, 474;
it should be done as an act of charity, 475;
motion passed, 475.

_Frontiers, Protection of._--Bill for further and more effectual
provision for the protection of the frontiers, considered, 341;
moved to strike out the section for raising three regiments of infantry and
a squadron of dragoons, 341;
the Indian war is unjust and unwise, 341;
the general treatment of the Indians unwise and impolitic, 341;
_note_, 341;
peace may be obtained at less expense than is necessary for war, 342;
the roving disposition of frontier settlers should be checked, 342;
no hope of success while Britain retains possession of the posts, 342;
should be content to defend the frontier and not invade, 342;
frontier militia better than regular troops, 342;
even to secure the objects in view no such increase in the military
establishment necessary, 343;
the troops to be employed should be raised at once, 343;
information on the report not implicitly reliable, 343;
frontier militia the best troops, 343;
the expense a serious matter at this time, 343;
is not the object of this movement to raise a standing regular military
force? 344;
no one knows for what reason the war has been carried on three years, 344;
it is said a sum might be appropriated to enable the executive to act as
circumstances require, but it is the duty of the House to appropriate money
for specific purposes, 344.

We could have had the British posts if an embargo had been laid, 344;
no man who regards self-preservation can doubt the justice of the war, 344;
the murders and depredations of years call for redress, 344;
the whites have seldom committed depredations, 345;
peace is utterly unattainable by friendly efforts in the present state of
affairs, 345;
frequent attempts at treaties have been made, but in vain, 345;
Indians have rejected our offers and added insults, 345;
it is too late to inquire into the justice of the war, 345;
a force must be raised, and the question is what the force shall be, 346;
the number proposed is not extravagant if the number of the Indians is
considered, 346;
every reason to expect a most formidable opposition, 346;
the objection of increased expense is vain compared with an unsuccessful
campaign, 346;
the experience of Virginia and Kentucky offers no inducement to the
government to follow any other plan than the one proposed, 347;
militia quickly disband or become insubordinate from slight causes, 347;
Cornplanter's speech referred to, 347;
galleries cleared and speech confidentially read, 347;
_note_, Cornplanter's speech, 347;
subject originally referred to the Secretary of the Treasury, 348;
consequences of that reference, 348;
clauses of the bill, 348;
what reflection arises from a contemplation of this bill, 349;
motion to strike out, lost, 349;
bill passed, 350.

_South-western Frontier_, to protect more effectually, bill considered,
517;
when all other schemes have been voted down for raising a military force, it
appears in this form, 517;
regular troops useless in this service, 517;
this no part of a system, 517;
Indians are fifteen thousand strong, 517;
a body of militia only is wanted, 517;
this bill proposes a bounty for raising a particular corps, while the army
needs all to fill its deficiencies, 518;
Indians eight thousand strong, 518; posts do more mischief than service,
518;
experience of years, 518;
amendment lost, 518.

_Fugitives from justice._--Bill of Senate, 384, 385;
bill passed Senate, 416;
read in the House, &c., 417;
passed, 417;
_note_, 417.

G

GALE, GEORGE, Representative from Maryland, 21, 175;
on duty on beer, &c., 33.

GALLATIN, ALBERT, Senator from Pennsylvania, 386, 441;
proves citizenship, 448, 450, 452;
Representative from Pennsylvania, 604;
on the support of existing establishments, 626, 628;
on the call for papers relative to British treaty, 640;
on rights of the House relative to treaties, 644;
on the execution of the British treaty, 735;
on the admission of Tennessee, 757, 759;
on the military and naval appropriation, 763, 764, 765, 766.

_Georgia_, vote for President, 10, 385.

_General Wayne_, resolutions of thanks to, considered, 542;
bad consequences might ensue from the practice of giving opinions of men,
542;
abundance of precedents, 543;
it must be shown that it is improper in any case to pass such a vote, or
that this is an improper case, 543;
the resolution proper and unexceptionable, 544;
this point considered, 544;
it is simply a question of mere propriety, 545;
this propriety considered, 545;
resolutions adopted, 546.

_General welfare_, clause examined and explained, 362.

GERRY, ELBRIDGE, Representative from Massachusetts, 21, 175, 255,
315, 388;
appointed on Committee of Supplies, 46;
on application to amend the constitution, 48;
doubts the power of Congress to require oaths of State officers, 51;
reports a bill for the collection of duties, 57;
on effects of high duties, 64;
asks further investigations relative to duty on molasses, 72;
urges limitation of the impost bill, 78;
further remarks, 80;
doubts the power of the President to remove heads of departments, 89;
on organization of Treasury Department, 90;
called to order, 91;
_note_ on, 91;
on Board of Treasury, 92;
on President's power of removal, 106;
on identity of reporting plans and originating money bills, 111;
on the finances, 128;
on the amount of pay of members of Congress, 131, 132;
on the form of amending the constitution, 135;
on the terms federalist and anti-federalist, 138;
on the right and obligation of instruction, 139, 142, 143;
urges delay in fixing seat of Government, 166;
on manner in which Secretary of the Treasury shall make his report, 177;
on the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, 183;
on the humanity of the Quaker memorial, 204;
upon constitutionality of interference of Congress with slave trade, 211;
on a seat of Government, 245;
further remarks, 247;
on vacancy in the Presidency, 269;
on interference of excise officers in elections, 271;
on the commitment of the bill for a bank of the U.S., 273;
speech on the bank, 300; on the ratio of representation, 320;
further remarks, 327;
does a resignation produce a vacancy, 329;
offers a resolution on reports of Secretary of Treasury, 330;
on vacancy of Presidency, 335;
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, 356;
on the publication of the debates, 377;
on attendance of Secretary of War, 392;
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, 394, 395.

GILBERT, EZEKIEL, Representative from New York, 455, 527, 604;
on a salary for members of Congress, 636.

GILES, WILLIAM B. Representative from Virginia, 255, 315, 388, 455,
528, 604;
on excise bill, 266;
on vacancy in the Presidency, 270;
speech on the Bank of the U.S., 296;
on the ratio of representation, 324;
is a resignation a constitutional vacancy, 328;
on vacancy of Presidency, 334;
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, 350;
on the stamp of American coin, 372;
on the apportionment bill, 374;
against attendance of Secretary of War, 391;
on attendance of Secretary of War, 392;
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, 393, 394;
on the official conduct of the Secretary of Treasury, 425;
further remarks, 427;
on the flag of the Union, 461;
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, 463;
on conducting the Algerine War, 477, 480;
examination of principles relative to the sequestration of British debts,
486;
against the continuance of the embargo, 500;
on modifying it, 502;
urges postponement of indemnity resolutions, 505;
against increase of the army, 515;
on the advance of money to France, 516;
on the bill to raise a force for the protection of the frontier, 517;
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, 529;
on the President's speech, 533, 538;
reports a bill on soldier's pay, 541;
on the resolutions of thanks to Gen. Wayne, 542, 544;
on the investigation of losses by Pennsylvania insurgents, 553;
on an amendment to the Naturalization laws, 555;
on excluding titled foreigners from citizenship, 557, 558, 560, 563;
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, 567, 569;
on the reduction of salaries, 575;
on the frontier settlers, 587;
on the answer to the President's speech, 606;
on the attempt at bribery, by Robert Randall, 610;
on the resolution relative to bribery, 622;
on the support of existing establishments, 628;
on establishing Indian trading houses, 634;
on a salary for members of Congress, 635;
on the pay of the Speaker, 638, 639;
on rights of the House relative to treaties, 653;
on the execution of the British treaty, 718;
on the army establishment, 760.

GILLESPIE, JAMES, Representative from North Carolina, 459, 536;
on the right to Indian lands within a State, 576.

GILLON, ALEXANDER, Representative from South Carolina, 498;
in favor of continuing the embargo, 501;
opposes the tax on salt, 506;
against duties on tobacco and sugar, 510;
on the advance of money to France, 514, 516;
on force to protect the S. W. frontier, 517;
deceased, 582.

GILMAN, NICHOLAS, Representative from New Hampshire, 21, 175, 255,
315, 388, 455, 527, 604;
on a committee to report a bill regulating oaths, 22.

_Glass, window and other_, duty fixed, 41.

GLENN, HENRY, Representative from New York, 455, 527.

GOODHUE, BENJAMIN, Representative from Massachusetts, 21, 175, 255,
315, 388, 455, 527, 604;
on duty on molasses, 29, 31;
on duty on salt beef, 34;
on manufacture of nails, &c., 38;
on duty on teas, 42;
on giving preference to American shipping, 50;
the object to raise revenue, 65;
opposes deliberation on subject of President's title, 67;
thinks duties too high for collection, excepting that on molasses, 69;
on connection of molasses trade with the fisheries, 71;
on concurrence of the Senate in appointments, 88;
on location of the seat of Government, 145;
further remarks, 148, 149, 160;
on ratio of representation, 322;
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, 351;
further remarks, 360;
on the flag of the Union, 461;
on the commerce of the United States, 472;
on the preparations for the Algerine war, 479;
moves to refer indemnity resolutions to Committee of the Whole, 503;
opposed to referring indemnity resolutions to committee on sequestration of
British debts, 503, 504;
urges delay in laying duties on tobacco and sugar, 509;
on a salary for members of Congress, 635;
on the pay of the Speaker, 638;
on the execution of the British treaty, 717.

GOODRICH, CHAUNCEY, Representative from Connecticut, 604.

GORDON, JAMES, Representative from New York, 315, 388, 455, 527.

GRAYSON, WILLIAM, Representative from Virginia, 15.

_Great Britain, Treaty with.--See Treaty, &c._

_Great Britain, Retaliatory Measures upon.--Sequestration of debts due_
to, considered, 482;
considering the conduct of Great Britain sequestration, merely, is a great
lenity, 483;
no hope of the restitution of our property plundered on the seas--no
possibility of indemnification, 483;
no other method by which to enforce our claims, 483;
it would be warrantable to sequester without negotiation, 483;
with these resolutions, we may have peace--without them we shall have war,
483;
not for the interest of the United States at this time, 484;
the proposition is to arrest, not confiscate debts due to British subjects,
484;
law of nations considered, 484;
by this measure we make their motives for peace more weighty, and show our
amicable disposition, 484;
various points considered, 485;
two points involved--the right of one nation to sequester the property of
another in any possible case, and the policy of exercising this right at this
time, 486;
these points considered, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492.

_Non-intercourse with Great Britain_, considered, 493;
moved to prohibit all commercial intercourse between citizens of the United
States and subjects of Great Britain, as respects articles of the growth or
manufacture of Great Britain, 493;
the line of conduct that should be pursued, 493;
this measure, a war measure, 493;
no representation of our injuries has been made, 494;
how far does cool, temperate reflection direct our conduct? 494;
constitutional considerations, 495;
answers to them, 495;
admitting the constitutionality and the right of the committee to originate
the measure, and the aggression of Great Britain; are these principles
sufficient to justify so harsh a measure?. 496;
resolutions adopted, 498.

_Embargo, continuation of_, considered, 498;
reason for its adoption ceased, 499;
numerous inconveniences have arisen from the measure, 499;
British conduct now altered, 499;
should not be revoked until a change of system by the British Government
warrants it, 499;
if it continues, the value of our imports will rise one hundred per cent.,
500;
France will suffer considerably if it is continued, 500;
the other measures of the system have been laid aside and this should be,
500;
although the reasons for it have not changed, it should be discontinued, as
it will now operate against ourselves and our allies, 500;
farmers suffer from the present restraints, 500;
letter from the merchants of Charleston, 500;
various considerations for its continuance, 501;
the reason for the embargo, 501;
reason for its continuance, 501;
resolution for its continuance lost, 502.

_Indemnity for Spoliations_ considered, 503;
resolution that the United States indemnify her citizens for property
captured and confiscated by Great Britain, &c., 503;
moved that the resolution be referred to the Committee of the Whole, 503;
moved to amend by referring it to the committee to whom was referred the
resolution for the sequestration of British debts, 503;
objected that the subject was distinct and separate, 503;
urged that the two subjects ought not to be separated, 503;
wrong to bring up this motion alone, 503;
only course of indemnity was by sequestration, 503;
security and protection should be extended to all interests, and redress for
all injuries, 504;
if present negotiations fail, we owe it to our citizens to obtain redress,
504;
the reference moved is not fair for various reasons, 504;
a tax should be laid to effect indemnity to our citizens, 504;
the subject should be laid aside for the present, 505;
there are strong reasons for indemnity, and also against connecting it with
sequestration, 505;
amendment agreed to, 505.

GREEN, ASHBEL, chosen Chaplain, 388.

GREENE, CATHARINE, Petition of widow, to obtain an indemnification
from United States against certain engagements of General Greene, undertaken
while commanding officer of U. S. army, 335;
recommendation of Secretary of Treasury, 335;
pressing necessity compelled General Greene to become surety, for which
indemnity is now claimed, 336;
the claim is just, 336;
a resolution moved, 336;
three alternatives were left to the committee, 336;
claim should be granted by special law as matter of right, 336;
circumstances connected with the evacuation of Charleston, 337;
how to distinguish between the articles necessary and the other goods, 337;
danger of establishing a bad precedent considered, 338;
the measure not proper or just, 338;
contract not beneficial to the United States, 338;
character and circumstances of General Greene, 339;
of the manner of conducting the affairs in South Carolina, 339;
points of contest before the committee, 340;
those points considered, 340;
further debate, 340;
resolution negatived, 340;
further resolution relative to the report of Secretary of the Treasury, 340;
resolutions on indemnity, 370;
do. passage, 375;
petition for indemnity against the demands of Harris & Blatchford
considered, 761;
report of committee, 761;
resolution referred to Committee on Claims, 762;
facts, 762.

GREENUP, CHRISTOPHER, Representative from Kentucky, 455, 527, 609;
on the flag of the Union, 461;
on intruders on Indian lands, 585.

GREGG, ANDREW, Representative from Pennsylvania, 317, 397, 455, 528,
609;
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, 751.

GRIFFIN, SAMUEL, Representative from Virginia, 21, 175, 255, 315,
388, 457, 527;
on committee for reception of President, 27.

GRISWOLD, ROGER, Representative from Connecticut, 604;
on rights of the House relative to treaties, 647;
on the execution of the British treaty, 735.

GROUT, JONATHAN, Representative from Massachusetts, 46, 175, 255.

GROVE, WILLIAM BARRY, Representative from North Carolina, 317, 393,
458, 528, 604.

GUNN, JAMES, Senator from Georgia, 10, 254, 313, 448, 524, 591.

H

HAMPTON, WADE, Representative from South Carolina, 608.

HANCOCK, GEORGE, Representative from Virginia, 457, 527, 604.

HANCOCK, JOHN, votes for, as Vice President, in 1789, 10.

HARPER, ROBERT G., Representative from South Carolina, 582, 604;
on difficulties with the Indians, 588;
on the answer to the President's speech, 607;
on the Randall bribery case, 611;
on a stenographer for the House, 631;
on establishing Indian trading-houses, 634;
on rights of the House relative to treaties, 643;
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, 752.

HARRISON, CARTER B., Representative from Virginia, 455, 528, 604.

HARRISON, ROBERT H., votes for, as Vice President, 10.

HARTLEY, THOMAS, Representative from Pennsylvania, 21, 175, 260, 309,
455, 527, 606;
speech on laying duties on imports, 25;
on duties of the Secretary of the Treasury, 111;
on the form of amending the constitution, 136;
on the right of instruction, 138;
on location of the seat of Government, 146;
further remarks, 148;
on the propriety of naturalization laws, 185;
urges residence as a condition of naturalization, 186;
further remarks, 190;
on the Quaker memorial, 202;
calls up memorial of Pennsylvania Society, 208;
further remarks, 229;
on discrimination among the public creditors, 219;
moves report on memorial of officers of the navy, 239;
do. remarks on, 239;
on a seat of Government, 246;
on the petition of Catharine Greene, 339;
on the reduction of the army, 399;
further remarks, 403;
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, 550, 551;
on rights of the House relative to treaties, 647.

HATHORN, JOHN, Representative from New York, 43, 175, 260, 608.

HAVENS, JONATHAN N., Representative from New York, 604.

HAWKINS, BENJAMIN, Senator from North Carolina, 170, 251, 309, 380,
441, 520.

HEATH, JOHN, Representative from Virginia, 455, 527, 604;
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, 549;
on the execution of the British treaty, 719.

HEISTER, DANIEL, Representative from Pennsylvania, 21, 175, 255, 315,
458, 528, 604;
appointed by the House to make list of votes for President as they are
counted in the Senate, 22;
advocates encouragement to growth of hemp by duty, 37;
appointed on committee to draft bill on tonnage duties, 57;
moves to select Harrisburg for the seat of Government, 151.

_Hemp_, debate on duty on, 36, 37;
do. fixed, 38.

HENDERSON, THOMAS, Representative from New Jersey, 606.

HENRY, JOHN, Senator from Maryland, 10, 168, 254, 312, 382, 523, 591.

HILLHOUSE, JAMES, Representative from Connecticut, 315, 389, 456,
527, 604;
on the ratio of representation, 327;
on vacancy of Presidency, 335;
on the reduction of the army, 414;
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, 429;
on the advance of money to France, 514;
on the President's speech, 532, 540;
on thanks to General Wayne, 542;
on damages by Pennsylvania insurgents, 547, 554;
on the admission of foreigners to citizenship, 560;
on the resolutions relative to intruders on Indian lands, 585;
on the resolution relative to bribery, 622;
on a salary for members of Congress. 635;
on the pay of the Speaker, 638;
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, 690;
on the execution of the British treaty, 721;
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, 751.

HINDMAN, WILLIAM, Representative from Maryland, 457, 527, 604.

HOLLAND, JOHN, Representative from North Carolina, 604;
on rights of the House relative to treaties, 661;
on the execution of the British treaty, 730.

HOLTEN, SAMUEL, Representative from Massachusetts, 455, 527.

_House_, elects Frederick A. Muhlenberg Speaker, 9;
of Representatives, meets in Senate Chamber to count electoral votes, 10;
meets Senate to count electoral votes, 22;
proceedings relative to Washington's inaugural, 46;
answer to same, 47, 53;
thanks presented to the Speaker, 90;
conference with the Senate on the impost bill, 113;
results of, 113;
adjournment of, 167;
journal of, title of, 176;
answer to President's speech, 178;
answer to President's address at 3d session, 1st Congress, 259;
answer to President's message, 316;
answer to the President's message, 389;
answer to the President's address, 456;
answer of, to President's speech, 609;
answer to the President's speech, 2d session, 3d Congress, 541.

HUGER, DANIEL, Representative from South Carolina, 27, 175, 255, 315,
390.

HUNTER, JOHN, Representative from South Carolina, 457, 528;
on the relief of the French emigrants, 474.

HUNTINGDON, SAMUEL, votes for, as Vice President, 10.

HUNTINGTON, BENJAMIN, Representative from Connecticut, 21, 175, 255;
on application to amend the constitution, 48;
urges limitation of the impost bill, 79;
on the power of removal, 103;
on the amendment to the constitution relative to freedom of conscience, 137;
opposes easy terms of naturalization, 189;
on memorial of officers of navy, 240;
on a seat of Government, 242.