Chapter XLI: Part I: issued =28=: 19 (18)

=Peru, Iowa=, mounds near =5=: 31.

=Peruke Feather Crowns= =38=: § 518.

=Peruvian=
belief of Messiah =14=: 660.
characters connected with signs =1=: 371.
obsidian working =13=: 172.
relics presented by George Hurlbut =5=: XXXVI.
use of perforated stones =13=: 98.

=Peruvians, Ancient=, illustration of ornamentation by =6=: 211,
212, 214, 228, 230, 231, 235, 236, 237, 242, 243, 248.

=Pescado=
a Zuñi summer village =13=: 206, 261; =16=: 92, 156.
comparison of, with Kintiel =8=: 91.
corral walls at, how constructed =8=: 147.
description of =8=: 95 _sq._
fragment of stone close in steps of =8=: 193.
outside steps at =8=: 160.
ovens at, described and figured =8=: 165 _sq._
pottery =4=: 494.
springs, poisoned by the Zuñi =13=: 331.
stone inclosure in court of =8=: 214.

=Peschel, O.= =46=: 330, 333, 335, 371.

=Pe´shäᵗsilo`kwe.= _See_ =Cimex Fraternity=.

=Pesheu’s Village=, location of =37=: 51.

=Peso.= _See_ =Pacer=.

=Pestles=
and mortars, Guiana Indian =38=: § 380 _sqq._
Antillean =25=:
general description of 99-105.
in connection with three-pointed stones 128.
wooden 210 _sq._
Casa Grande =28=: 128.
comparison of, from different areas =34=: 263.
described and figured =15=: 103.
description of =13=: 87.
development of =20=: XV.
distribution of =15=: 141, 142.
for crushing food, Eskimo =18:= 73.
for preparing snuff, Eskimo =18=: 272.
found at Little Falls =15=: 68.
found in Lesser Antilles =34=: 228.
from Guadeloupe =34=: 134, 154-158.
from St. Vincent region =34=: 112 _sq._
from Trinidad =34=: 74 _sq._
how finished =15=: 26.
mention of =44=: 79-82.
of the Menomini =14=: 257.
of the Omaha =13=: 276.
of the Porto Rico area =34=: 220, 226-229.
or crushers used in Pueblo mortars =8=: 212.
plummet-shaped stones used as =13=: 111.
stone, mention of =45=: 41, 217.
used among Northern Indians =11=: 280, 302.
variations of =34=: 74.
_See also_ =Grinders=; =Mortars=.

=Petâ´ĭkuk=, Pima village =26=: 22.

=Petalostemum Candidum= =33=: 94.

=Petalostemum Purpureum=
mention of =34=: 94.
use of =44=: 291, 338.

=Petatlan _or_ Petlatlan=
description of =14=: 514, 538.
description of, by Jaramillo =14=: 583.
description of Indians of =14=: 568, 572.
friendly Indians at river of =14=: 548.
Indian from, captive and interpreter at Cibola =14=: 563.
Indian settlement in New Galicia =14=: 355.
river of, in Sinaloa =14=: 348.

"=Pet-chi-é-ri=” =1=: 200.

=Peteatlan.= _See_ =Petatlan=.

=Peten=, number names of =19=: 862.

=Peter Martyr=
as a historian =25=: 19 _sq._
on Antillean _zemis_ =25=: 55, 56, 57, 58, 140.
on gods of Haitians =25=: 67.
on Haitian creation legends =25=: 74.
on Haitian idols =25=: 146.
on sentiments of Antilleans =25=: 32.

=Petermanns Mitteilungen=, cited =6=: 409, note.

=Peters, Edward=, on composition of wild rice =19=: 1080 _sqq._

=Peters, Jim=, reference to =40=: 501, 549.

=Peters, Joe=
reference to =40=: 356, 501.
syllabary text by =40=: 378.

=Peters, _Miss_ Mary Eleanor=, acknowledgment to =42=: 830.

=Peters, Sam=
reference to =40=: 356, 503.
syllabary text by =40=: 378.

=Peters Family=, reference to =40=: 502.

=Petersburg, Va.=, trails =42=: 764, 775.

=Peterson, ----= =46=: 118.

=Peterson, Charles=, acknowledgment to =18=: 22.

=Petitot, _Father_ Emile Fortuné Stanislas Joseph=
cited =6=: 412, 516; =46=: 329, 333, 371.
description of Eskimo clothing by =9=: 120, 123, 129, 138.
description of Eskimo house by =9=: 77.
description of Eskimo lamps by =9=: 106.
description of method of carrying Eskimo infants by =9=: 416.
nomenclature of the Eskimo people by =9=: 46 _sqq._, 51.
on Eskimo amulets =9=: 440.
on Eskimo labrets =9=: 143.
on Eskimo mode of wearing the hair =9=: 140, 141.
on Eskimo sledge shoes =9=: 353.
on hand game, Chippewa =24=: 272.
on hand game, Kawchodinne =24=: 272.
on hand game, Kutchin =24=: 272.
on hand game, Takulli =24=: 273.
works of, on the Eskimo =9=: 24.

=Petlatlan.= _See_ =Petatlan=.

=Pe´toⁿ Inikashiha Group=, Quapaw =27=: 68.

=Petrel=, _among the Tlingit_
crest animal =26=: 416.
mythological being =26=: 416.
name of gaming stick =26=: 444.
source of personal names =26=: 422.

=Petrification=
after death, belief in =30=: 152.
how regarded by the Hopi =15=: 277.

=Petrified Forest=
near Holbrook, ancient habitations in =22, i=: 135 _sq._
references to =29=: 553, 581.

=Petrified Wood=, Tewa name for =29=: 580.

=Petrof.= _See_ =Petroff, Ivan=.

=Petroff, Ivan=
Eskimo researches of =7=: 73.
mention of =46=: 124, 130, 131, 132, 133, 177, 181 (spelling
given as =Petrof=).
on Eskimo burial =9=: 427.
on Eskimo chiefs =9=: 429.
on Eskimo wolf-killer =9=: 259.
on population of the Koluschan tribes =7=: 87.
on quoits, Eskimo =24=: 723.
work of, consulted =9=: 24.

=Petroglyphs=
at ruined pueblo at Black Falls of Little Colorado River
=22, i=: 49.
in cliff villages =16=: 138.
in Kanawha Valley =42=: 756.
in North America =4=: 19.
Ketchipauan church =8=: 82.
legend of the Tusayan concerning =8=: 32.
mention of =45=: 283.
near Acoma =47=: 131.
near Shawneetown =42=: 805.
of Hawaii =33=: 627, 653.
or sun symbol at Matsaki =8=: 86.
_See also_ =Hieroglyphs=; =Pictographs=; and names of various
places.

=Pets= in Hopi mythology =15=: 266.

=Petter, Rodolphe=
on certain Cheyenne terminations =28=: 233.
on relationship between Cheyenne and Natick =28=: 234.
reference to =28=: 226.

=Pettigrew, F. W.=
excavations made by =41=: 64.
investigations by =12=: 38, 39.

=Pettis, _Lieut._ G. H.=, on battle of Adobe Walls =17=: 316.

=Pettit, _Lieutenant_ ----=, cited on Indian medicine-men =9=: 473.

=Peucedanum=
mention of =45=: 478, 479, 482.
seeds of, used as charm =35=: 175, 608.

=Peucedanum Leiocarpum= =45=: 479, 483, 484, 494, 503.

=Peucedanum Macrocarpum= =45=: 479, 496, 508, 510.

=Peyi=, suicide of =17=: 354.

=Peyote=
curative powers of =37=: 423.
effect of =37=: 389-392.
experiences with =37=: 400-414.
Koiwa reverence for =17=: 237, 238, 239.
mention of =33=: 104 _sqq._
study of use of =17=: L; =18=: XXVIII, XLIV _sq._; =19=: XV _sqq._
use of, by Indians =30=: 41.
_See also_ =Mescal=; =Peyote Cult=.

=Peyote Cult=
Arapaho ceremony =37=: 415-419.
connected with teachings of Shawnee prophet =37=: 69, 73, 74.
development of =37=: 419-422.
dissemination of =37=: 422 _sq._
essential changes made by =37=: 295.
general description of =37=: 388 _sq._
material on, collected by J. Mooney =41=: 56.
reference to =47=: 489.
reference to belief of =37=: 376.

=Pfeffercorn, ----=
on pinole =26=: 67.
on southern Pima-speaking tribes =26=: 29.
Pima words published by =26=: 269.

=Phacelia Leucophylla= =45=: 465, 470.

=Phacelia Menziesii= =45=: 468.

=Phallic Emblems=, appearance of, in representations of Hopi
katcinas =21=: 72 _sqq._

=Phallic Paintings= of the Eskimo =18=: 167, 225.

=Phallic Proceedings= among the Hopi, significance of =21=: 24.

=Phallic Representations= among the Hopi =17=: 663.

=Phallic Worship=, Siouan =11=: 456.

=Phallicism=
in Antillean pottery specimens =25=: 186.
in forms of idols =25=: 54.
in Indian games =25=: 85.
in pestles =25=: 100.
in ring and pin =24=: 529.

=Phalon, Peter=
on amounts of wild rice harvested =19=: 1077.
on Ojibwa gathering wild rice =19=: 1062.
on reliability of wild rice crop =19=: 1099.
on threshing wild rice =19=: 1069.
on winnowing wild rice =19=: 1070.

=Phanoeus Beetle=, harbinger of rainy season =38=: § 938.

=Phaseolus Vulgaris=
mention of =33=: 96.
probable place of origin of =33=: 59.

=Phaseolus Vulgaris Linn.=, Pima food plant =26=: 76.

=Pheasant=, myth concerning =19=: 285, 288, 289, 290, 455.

=Phelps, Oliver=, sale of land to =18=: 662.

=Phelps and Gorman= Indian land purchase =14=: 21.

=Philadelphia, Pa.=
trail from, to Falls of the Ohio =42=: 760 _sq._
treaty at, in 1791 =19=: 69.
treaty at, in 1794 =19=: 77.

=Philadelphia Academy of Sciences=
acknowledgment to =20=: 16.
collections in museum of =20=: 105, 165, 184.

=Philadelphia Free Museum of Science and Art=, pottery in
collections of =20=: 103, 104.

=Philatouchy, _Chief_= =42=: 322.

=Philip=
king, character of =18=: 621.
king, mutilation of body of =19=: 208.
king of Spain =14=: 474.
king, sale of land by =18=: 607.

=Philip Family=, information concerning =43=: 176.

=Philippine Islands= =14=: 545.

=Phillips, ----=
on ancestry of Sequoya =19=: 108, 109.
on Cherokee syllabary =19=: 110, 219, 220.
on death of Sequoya =19=: 148.

=Phillips, O. P.=, moving pictures of Pueblo life taken by =22,
i=: XIII _sq._; =23=: XVI.

=Phillips, William A.=
archeologic experiments by =15=: 56.
Cherokee commissioner to appraise neutral lands =5=: 351.

=Phillips, W. Hallett=
acknowledgments to =15=: 17; =20=: 16.
collections of =15=: 72, 88, 99.
figurine from collection of =20=: 156, 157.
pipes collected by, Potomac Creek site =20=: 156.
quartzite blades found by =15=: 79.
steatite working tools found by =15=: 125.

=Philology=
comparative, of Indian languages =23=: XXXIV _sq._ definition of
=16=: XVII _sq._
office work in =22, i=: XXX-XXXIII.
or the science of activities designed for expression =20=:
CXXXIX-CLXX.
relation of sign language to =1=: 349.
subject matter of =19=: XII.
work in =18=: XLI-XLIV; =19=: XXV; =20=: XX _sq._; =23=:
XXXIV-XXXVIII.
_See also_ =Language=; =Linguistics=.

=Philosophy=
genesis of =1=: 19.
mythologic =1=:
ancientism 33.
course of evolution of 38-43.
ecstatism 36.
monotheism 42.
mythic tales 37.
outgrowth from 33-38.
physitheism 42.
psychotheism 42.
religion 37, 38.
spiritism 35, 36.
thaumaturgics 37.
theistic society 35.
tutelarism 41.
zoötheism 38, 39, 40.
of civilization =1=: 21.
of savagery =1=: 21.
of the Menomini =14=: LIII.
of the Zuñi =2=: 9; =13=: 361.
primitive, definition of =15=: 178.
stages of =1=: 21.

=Phinney, Mark=, assistance rendered by =44=: 7.

=Phipps, _Sir_ William=, treaty concluded by =18=: 609.

=Phister, N. P.=
on Ghost dance doctrine =14=: 784.
on Wovoka’s father =14=: 765.

=Phoenix, Ariz.=
Indian boarding school at =26=: 62.
President McKinley’s visit to =26=: 66.
railroad extended to =26=: 63.
region about, in Pima mythology =26=: 225, 229.
references to =28=: 33, 34, 51, 55, 114, 116, 218.
temperature of =26=: 36, 56.

=Phoenix, Cherokee.= _See_ =Cherokee Phoenix=.

=Phonetic=
art of Siouan tribes =15=: 168.
value of Maya hieroglyphs =16=: 205, 218, 223, 224, 235, 237,
238, 239, 241, 242, 247, 249, 253, 254, 255, 257, 259, 261,
263.

=Phonetic Key= =29=: 39 _sq._

=Phonetic Notes= =43=: 178, 179, 226 _sq._

=Phoneticism=, application of the term =16=: 254.

=Phonetics=
Cherokee =19=: 506.
Fox =40=: 44 _sq._
in Tlingit investigations =26=: 39 _sq._
Siouan =11=: 363 _sq._
_See also_ =Alphabet=.

=Phonics=, evolution of =20=: CXLVI.

=Phonograph=
in connection with Omaha music =27=: 373.
in linguistic work =24=: XXI.
use of, in recording Indian music =29=: 19.

=Phoradendron Californicum=, Pima food plant =26=: 71.

=Phoradendron Flavescens=, medicinal use of =42=: 659.

=Photographic Laboratory=, work of =13=: XLII.

=Photographic work= =14=: XLVIII; =17=: LI.

=Photographs=
anthropometric measurements from =23=: XIX.
difficulty in obtaining among Zuñi =23=: 463.
of Casa Grande, comparison of =13=: 300.
of Indians, exhibition of =34=: 28.
of Indians, record of =11=: XXXVIII.
of Indians, requests for =34=: 28.
of Indians, Yukon =46=: 151.
of the Ghost dance =14=: 654.
preparation of =16=: LXXIX.
taking of, at night =46=: 98.
taking of, of “delegations” of Indians =9=: XLI _sq._

=Photography=
report on =30=: 23.
restrictions on =30=: 292, 299.

=Photo-portraits of Indians=, work on =22, i=: XXXVIII.

=Phragmites Communis=
mention of =45=: 497, 499, 516.
use of =44=: 291, 378.
_See also_ =Reeds=.

=Phratries=
among the Dakota =15=: 221.
and clans, tables of =44=: 192.
ceremonies of =20=: CV _sq._
definition of =15=: CXXI.
discussion of =42=: 120-123.
divided between moieties =42=: 165.
in sign language =1=: 479.
of the Iroquois tribes =43=: 459.
Omaha =3=: 215, 337.
organization of =17=: XXXIII, XXXIV; =20=: CV.
relationship between =42=: 155.
Tewa, reference to =29=: 61 _sq._
Timucua =42=: 156.
Tlingit =26=:
account of 398.
division of, at potlatches 435.
history of 407-414.
house names of 421.
influence of racial difference 407.
in mortuary ceremonies 430, 431.
medicine-men belonging to 465.
nature of 423.
transposition of 423.
towns, clans and moieties, tabulation of =42=: 158-162.
Tusayan =8=: 24, 38.

=Phratry=
definition of =1=: 60, 61.
influence of, on Pueblo architecture =19=: 651.
_See also_ =Fraternity=; =Phratries=.

=Phratry System=, Antillean =25=: 42.

=Phryma Leptostacheya=, use of =44=: 291, 342.

=Phylacteries= of the Apache =9=: 591 _sq._

=Phyllanthus spp.=
fish poison =38=: § 213.
protection against Kushi ants =38=: § 228.

=Physalis Heterophylla= =33=: 113.

=Physalis Lanceolata= =33=: 113.

=Physalis Viscora=, medicinal use of =27=: 584.

=Physic Maker=
garden of =42=: 444.
_See also_ =Doctor=; =Medicine-men=.

=Physical Characteristics=
Anchorage =46=: 37.
Anvik =46=: 59.
Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 40.
Cordova =46=: 36.
difference in, carried from Asia =46=: 175.
Eskimo =18=: 26-29; =46=: 358, 359, 364.
Kiowa =17=: 171.
Kotzebue =46=: 99.
Kuskokwim =46=: 67.
Nenana =46=: 39.
of British Columbia Indians =46=: 23.
of Point Barrow Eskimo =9=: 33-39.
Pima =26=: 29.
Ruby-Galena =46=: 52.
Seri =17=: 9, 86, 91, 100, 101, 102, 103, 133*, 136*-163*.
Siouan =15=: 185.
Tanana =46=: 43.
Tanana Indian =46=: 124.
Wainwright =46=: 107.
Western Eskimo, living, by former observers =46=: 213-228.
Yukon Eskimo =46=: 161.
Yukon Indians =46=: 150, 151, 161.
Zuñi =23=:
albinos among 383 _sq._
forms of the 383.
measurements made by Dr. Aleš Hrdlička 383, 384.
mention of 383 _sq._
_See also_ =Eskimo=; =Indians=; etc.

=Physical Features= of Verde Valley =13=: LI, 189.

=Physical Traits=, Northern tribes =45=: 325 _sq._

=Physical Types= of the Southeast =42=: 677.

=Physiognomy=
Eskimo =46=: 358, 364.
Western Eskimo, notes =46=: 213-228, 240, 250.
Yukon Eskimo =46=: 161.
Yukon Indians =46=: 151.

=Physiological Data=, Western Eskimo =46=: 247 _sqq._

=Physiology=, Eskimo =46=: 366.

=Physitheism=, definition of =1=: 30, 32; =15=: 179, 180; =16=: 22.

=Phytolacca Americana= =33=: 78.

=Phytolaccaceae= =33=: 78.

=Pi y Margal, _Señor_, ----=, on stone collars =25=: 169.

=Pia=, legends concerning =30=: 119, 133 _sqq._

=Piai, _medicine-men_=
and the Earthquake People, legend =30=: 378 _sq._
digging his own grave =38=: § 728.
mention of =38=: § 864, 865.
novitiate of =38=: § 862.
origin of =30=: 135.
status with chief compared =38=: § 743.
_See also_ =Medicine-Men=.

=Piänä´vonĭt=, delegate to Washington in 1894 =17=: 225.

=Piankishaw _or_ Panquichas=
land cessions and reservations =18=: 652, 654 _sqq._, 662 _sqq._,
666, 672, 688, 744, 794, 842 _sqq._
population of, in 1764 =19=: 1108.

=Pianria.= _See_ =Peoria=.

=Piapoco Indians=
beliefs of the =30=: 242, 297.
diseases among the =30=: 347.
menstruation among the =30=: 313.

=Piaroa Indians=
burial customs of the =30=: 157.
food laws of the =30=: 297.
use of spells among the =30=: 155.

=Piasa Rock, _near Alton, Ill._=
definition of the name =10=: 78.
description of =10=: 77 _sqq._

=Piba Clan=
of Chevlon, reference to =28=: 139.
original and subsequent homes of =19=: 601.

=Piba People=, former inhabitants of Homolobi =22, i=: 24.

=Piba-Tabo, _Tobacco Rabbit Clan_=
advent of, at Walpi =19=: 585.
advent of, in Tusayan =19=: 626.
census of =19=: 602 _sq._
member of Patki group =19=: 596.

=Picacho Mountain=
evil spirits in =26=: 255.
location of =26=: 25.

=Picard, ----=, Haitian procession figured by =25=: 67.

=Picart, Bernard=
on Arab divination =9=: 584.
on Indian drinking tubes =9=: 495.
on Indian labrets =9=: 495.
on Indian medicine-men =9=: 457, 512.
on Indian necklaces =9=: 488.
on reeds among the Romans =9=: 528.
on sacred powders of the Hindus =9=: 516.
quoted on cords =9=: 556 _sq._, 558, 559, 561, 563, 564, 576.
quoted on hair powders =9=: 535.

=Picea Canadensis=, use of =44=: 291, 362.

=Picea Engelmanni= =45=: 475, 499, 505.

=Picea Rubra=
beverage made from =44=: 317.
use of =44=: 291, 377.

=Picea sp.= =45=: 483.

=Pichacho Mountain=, reference to =28=: 36, 204.

=Pichi=, arrowhead =38=: § 128.

=Pick-me-ups= =38=: § 281.

=Pickaway Plains, Ohio=, Shawnee settlement on =42=: 785.

=Pickawillany=, trail through =42=: 786.

=Pickens, ----=, survey by =18=: 653.

=Pickens, _Gen._ Andrew=
commissioner to treat with Cherokee as to boundary =5=: 133,
165, 186.
expeditions against Cherokee under =19=: 59, 60.
home of, at Hopewell =19=: 211.
on Shaw’s mission =19=: 71.
signing of treaty by =19=: 61.

=Pickerel=, Eskimo implements for catching =18=: 180, 194, 195.

=Pickering, _Colonel_ ----=, on Cherokee chief among Seneca =19=: 353.

=Pickering, Charles=
mention of =46=: 218, 330, 333, 335, 371.
on wild rice in Arkansas =19=: 1029.
on wild rice in Florida =19=: 1029.

=Pickers= for pipes, used by Point Barrow Eskimo =9=: 67.

=Pickett, ----=
on Chief McGillivray =19=: 210.
on Chief Weatherford =19=: 217.
on Creek war =19=: 90-93, 96.
on defeat of d’Artaguette =19=: 477.
on De Soto’s route =19=: 193, 195, 196, 197, 198 _sq._
on Fort Mims massacre =19=: 216.

=Pickett, A. J.=, cited =12=: 677.

=Pickett County, Tenn.=, remains in =41=: 498.

=Picks=
and stone axes used by the Eskimo =9=: 302 _sqq._, 307 _sq._
boulders used for =15=: 142.
description of =15=: 90, 92.
distribution of =15=: 142.
Eskimo =18=: 75, 78 _sq._, 174.
ivory, bone =46=: 173.
produced by flaking =15=: 26.
stone, described and figured =13=: 125.
used in working steatite =15=: 28, 111, 120, 121, 122, 126, 127.

=Picolata, Fla.=
fort of =42=: 829.
treaty of =18=: 561.

=Picones=, native American fish =14=: 517.

=Picotte, _Dr._ Susan La Flesche=
assistance rendered by =33=: 46.
reference to =27=: 625.

=Pictograph=
definition of =4=: 13.
on Oraibi-Shumopavi boundary monument =8=: 28.
_See also_ =Pictographs=.

=Pictograph Rocks=
collection from =2=: 420.
investigation of =41=: 68 _sq._

=Pictographic Records= among aborigines =17=: 141.

=Pictographs=
Apache =28=: 197, 201.
at Honanki =17=: 567, 568.
at or near Casa Grande =28=: 148 _sq._
at Palatki ruins =17=: 556.
at Yampai Spring =28=: 209.
cave =25=: 149, 150, 155-159.
connected with sign language =1=: 368.
customs illustrated in =10=: 528-550.
general discussion of =25=: 148 _sqq._
heraldic =23=: XXIV.
identification of =4=: 224-236.
in alphabets =10=: 674 _sq._
in caves near El Paso =44=: 9.
in cliff ruins =16=: 98, 103, 113, 118, 126, 133, 144, 152, 178-181.
in Ruin 7 =33=: 174.
in Verde Valley =17=: 545.
in Walnut Valley =28=: 206, 214.
influence of civilization on =4=: 46.
literature of subject =25=: 148 _sq._
near Acoma =47=: 131.
near Frog Tanks =28=: 216.
near Montezuma Well =17=: 548.
near mouth of Black’s Canyon =28=: 197.
near Palatki =28=: 197.
near Prescott =28=: 215.
near Schürmann’s ranch =17=: 550.
occurrence of =42=: 756.
of Abnaki and Micmac Indians, examined =10=: XII, XIII.
of Awatobi totems =17=: 610.
of Guadeloupe =34=: 130.
of Indians, discussed =16=: XCV.
of North American Indians =4=: 3-256.
of St. Kitts =34=: 160.
of St. Vincent =34=: 92, 130.
on Awatobi cliffs =17=: 626.
on boundaries of dance plazas =25=: 149, 150.
on robes =45=: 193.
on stone, imitated =10=: 218.
Pima, in Santan hills =26=: 254.
reading of =46=: 412 _sq._
references to =29=: 365, 398, 553.
river pictographs =25=: 149-155.
study of =3=: XXVIII.
_See also_ =Decoration=; =Hieroglyphs=; =Petroglyphs=;
=Pictograph=; =Pictography=; =Picture Writing=; =Rock
Etchings=; =Rock Paintings=; and names of various places.

=Pictography=
among Siouan Indians =15=: 168, 176.
contributions to, by studies of pottery from Arizona pueblos =22,
i=: 69 _sq._
influenced by civilization =4=: 46.
mnemonic, of the Ojibwa =14=: 106.
of the Ghost dance =14=: 1060.
of the Kiowa calendar =14=: 906, 907, 909, 910.
of the Midewiwin =7=: 286-289.
of the Ojibwa =9=: XXXII.
on gaming wheel =14=: 994.
on Ghost dance costume =14=: 982.
on Ghost shirts =14=: 790, 916.
preparation of monograph on =15=: XX, XXIV, XXIX, LXVI.
thunder-bird in =14=: 969.
work in =11=: XXXI; =14=: XXXI; =15=: XX, XXIV, XXIX, LXXXI.
See also =Hieroglyphs=; =Pictographs=; and references.

=Pictorial=
representation of katcinas =15=: 264.
tribal designations =10=: 377-388.

=Picture Writing=
Central American =1=: 25.
explanation of =46=: 603, 606 _sq._
investigations in =13=: XXXV.
limitations to the use of, in study of anthropology =1=: 75.
of Indians, notice and summary of paper on =10=: XXVI-XXX.
on bison skin =42=: 455.
origin of =20=: CLXVI _sqq._
paper on, by Col. Garrick Mallery =10=: 1-807.
use of =46=: 421, 603 _sqq._
_See also_ =Pictographs=; etc.

=Pictured Cave, _near La Crosse, Wis._=, copies made of pictographs
at =10=: XIV.

=Pictures=
of katcinas =21=:
arrangement of 18.
description of 59.
employment of Hopis to draw 13.
purpose of 15.
variations in, made by different persons 59.

=Picuris=
a Tewa village =43=: 293.
kivas of =31=: 15.
population of =7=: 123.
pueblo of, act of Congress affecting =18=: 920.
pueblo of, mention of 14: 519.

=Picuris Indians=
customs of =43=: 389-393.
habitat of the =29=: 172.
language of =29=: 37.
name for Acoma =14=: 492.
name for Tewa =29=: 576.
name of Taos =14=: 575.
pigment used by =29=: 175.
pottery of the =29=: 195.
sacred mountain of =29=: 339.
shrines of the =29=: 194, 339.
sun-painting of =29=: 191.

=Pieda Uta=, establishment of reservation for =18=: 825.

=Piedmont Region=, reconnaissance in =44=: 3.

=Piedmont-Virginia Pottery= =20=: 149 _sq._

=Piedra Pintada Creek, Colo.=
mention of =4=: 27.
petroglyphs in =10=: 72.

=Piedra Pintal=, description of, by Seemann =6=: 21, 22.

=Piedras del Rayo=
Antillean “thunder stones” =25=: 94.
mention of =34=: 175 _sq._, 251.

=Piedras Negras=, inscriptions at =19=: 788-791.

=Piegan Indians _or_ Tribe=
Flathead name for the =45=: 302.
games of the =24=:
dice games 57, 84 _sq._
hand game 271.
hoop and pole 447 _sq._
stick games 231.
land cessions and reservations =18=: 864, 874, 876, 880, 902,
924 _sqq._
linguistic investigations among the =28=: 225.
name of, in sign language =45=: 148.
notice by =10=: 356.
territory of the =45=: 321.
union of band with Arapaho =28=: 235.

=Piegan Language=
consonantic clusters in =28=: 231, 284.
description of =28=: 229-232, 290a.
examples in comparison with =28=:
Cheyenne 274.
Eastern Algonquin 261, 288 _sq._
Fox 256, 261.
Natick 274.
Shawnee 256, 261.
inanimate plural of nouns in =28=: 274.
independent mode in =28=: 259.
pronunciation of =28=: 226.
relationships of =28=: 229, 234, 259, 288 _sq._

=Pierce, F. E.=, appointed Indian agent =14=: 887.

=Piercer.= _See_ =Perforator=.

=Pierrette, Rosa=, the only Indian acquainted with Ofo language
=48=: 5.

=Piers=
of masonry for supporting girders =8=: 151.
_See also_ =Buttresses=.

=Pierson, _Rev._ Hamilton=, on aboriginal Antillean dance =25=: 69.

=Pigeon=
a man-being in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 304.
in Menomini myth =14=: 233.
myth concerning =19=: 280.
white, legend of =32=: 694.

=Pigeon Clan=, of little importance =37=: 220.

=Pigeon Hawk=
characterization of =37=: 441.
offering to =37=: 429, 503.

=Pigeon Hawk Clan=
with the Patuñ clan =19=: 595.
_See also_ =Kele Clan=.

=Pigeon Hunt=, description of =37=: 113.

=Pigeon River, Tenn.=, collection of relics from =3=: 440.

=Pigeon Roost Creek=, origin of the name =42=: 818 _sq._

=Pigeon Songs and Dances=, origin of =32=: 663.

=Pigment=
black =38=: § 30.
found at Awatobi =17=: 618.
found at Sikyatki =17=: 728, 729.
how applied by the Hopi =17=: 650.
Indian, analysis of =11=: 142.
red =38=: § 28, 29.
red, Tewa name for =29=: 582.
white =38=: § 32.
yellow =38=: § 31.
_See also_ =Paints=; =Pigments=.

=Pigmentation=, Eskimo =46=: 358, 364.

=Pigments=
as offerings =47=: 281.
burial of, by ancient Indians, sacrificial nature of =22, i=: 96.
Casa Grande, description of =28=: 101, 126 _sq._, 130.
ceremony of securing =47=: 320 _sq._
deposits of =29=: 113, 175, 552, 581.
pieces of, found in Pueblo ruins =22, i=: 96, 184.
used by Hopi in painting katcina pictures =21=: 14.
used in painting masks =47=: 859-862.
_See also_ =Colors=; =Mineral Paints=; =Ocher=; =Painting=;
=Paints=; =Pigment=.

=Pigmies=; =Pigmy=. _See_ =Pygmy=; =Pygmies=.

=Pigtail Headdress=, for men =38=: § 515.

=Pi-gummi Ovens= of Mashongnavi =8=: 163.

=Pigweed, Winged=
used to confuse enemy =30=: 84.
_See also_ =Amaranthus=.

=Pihol=; =Piholt=, signification of term =26=: 79, 265.

=Pija= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 243.

=Pikachi=, hoop and pole game of the =24=: 482 _sq._

=Pike, _Gen._ Albert=
as to Pin society =5=: 325.
Cherokee commissioner for Confederate States =5=: 326, 327,
328, 329.
linguistic material of =30=: 18.
Natchez vocabulary of =15=: XL.
terms of relationship recorded by =42=: 91, 92.
treaty negotiated by =19=: 148.

=Pike, _Gen._ Zebulon Montgomery=
on Cochiti =29=: 440.
on Dakota use of wild rice =19=: 1046.
on dependence of Northwest Fur Company on wild rice =19=: 1103.
on dice games, Pawnee =24=: 101 _sq._
on hoop and pole, Pawnee =24=: 465.
on Indian population in 1806 =19=: 1109.
on influence of wild rice on geographic nomenclature =18=:
1123, 1124.
on James Pursley =17=: 171.
on Kiowa in 1803 =17=: 167.
on Kiowa language =7=: 84.
on Laguna =29=: 541.
on Nambé Pueblo =29=: 358.
on Picuris =29=: 193.
on popular synonym for wild rice =19=: 1023, 1024.
on population of Sauk and Fox =19=: 1051.
on San Felipe =29=: 500.
on Sandia =29=: 526, 527.
on Sia =29=: 518.
on Taos =29=: 182.
on the habitat of the Comanche =7=: 106.
on time of year when Dakota consume wild rice =19=: 1087.
on Winnebago villages in 1811 =15=: 111.
quoted on the Menomini =14=: 34.
quoted on Tomau =14=: 54.
treaty concluded by =18=: 669.
visit of, to the Osage =36=: 44.

=Pike County, Ill.=, mounds in =5=: 39.

=Pike County, Mo.=, mounds in =5=: 43.

=Pike County, Ohio=, mounds in =44=: 495-505.

=Pike’s Peak=, gold rush to =17=: 177.

=Piketon=, mounds near =44=: 495-498.

=Pikeville Mounds=, trail to =42=: 838.

=Piki=
or guyave oven =8=: 173 _sqq._
stone, process of making =8=: 175.
_See also_ =Paper Bread=.

=Pikmiktalik=
description of =18=: 246.
implements from =18=: 162.
legends from =18=: 442, 480 _sq._
mention of =46=: 199.
transportation apparatus from =18=: 228.

=Pikoikaalala= =33=: 301, 326, 641.

=Pilback, L.= =46=: 48.

=Pile Dwellers=, character of pottery of =20=: 127 _sq._

=Pile Dwellings=
of British Guiana =38=: § 314-317.
of Cuba =34=: 253.

=Pilgrimage, Beltrami’s=, cited on Dakota =4=: 104.

=Pilgrimages= to home of the gods =47=: 520, 538.

=Pilgrims=
breaking up of party =23=: 159, 160.
mountains ascended by =23=: 154.
procession of =23=: 159.
to Ko´thluwala´wa, description of =23=: 153.
to Ko´thluwala´wa, procession of =23=: 153, 154.

=Pilingmiut Eskimo Tribe=, situation of =6=: 444.

=Pillager Chippewa= land cessions and reservations =18=: 780, 802,
804, 826, 830 _sqq._, 936.

=Pillar Stones= =25=: 152, 175-178; =34=: 161.

=Pilling, James Constantine=
acknowledgment to =7=: 142.
aid of, in paper on labrets and masks =3=: 151.
bibliographic work of =11=: XXIV, XXXIV; =14=: XLII, XLVIII, XLIX;
=16=: XXI, XXII, XXV, XXVII, XXVIII, XXXIX, XLI, XLV, XLIX,
LXXVII.
bibliography of North American languages by =1=: XV; =3=: XXVI;
=6=: XXIV _sqq._
continuation of work of =18=: XCVI.
contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189.
death of =17=: LV.
memoir of =17=: LIX-LXII.
obituary of =48=: 1221.
office work of =6=: XLV, XLVI.
on Cherokee literature =19=: 112.
on Cherokee schoolbooks =19=: 151.
on Cherokee syllabary =19=: 110, 220.
on Jones and Wafford =19=: 108.
on Rev. S. A. Worcester =19=: 108, 148, 218.
preparation of linguistic bibliography by =5=: XXXV.
retirement of =16=: XLIX.
summary of work of =15=: LXXXVII.
work of =2=: XXI; =3=: XXVI; =7=: XXX, XXXI, XXXVI, 142; =8=:
XXIV; =9=: XXXVII _sq._; =10=: X, XX; =13=: XLI; =15=: XXIII,
XXVI, XXXI, XXXV, XL, XLI, XLV, XLVI, XLIX, LIV, LXI, LXVIII.

=Pillows= of the Omaha =13=: 275.

=Pilot Knob=, myths concerning =19=: 330, 341 _sq._, 343 _sqq._, 480
_sq._

=Pilot Station Crania=
basiofacial diameters =46=: 279-282.
dental arch =46=: 276.
facial =46=: 266.
facial angle =46=: 285.
means =46=: 286.
mention of =46=: 256, 257, 259, 262, 263.
nose =46=: 268.
orbits =46=: 274.
skulls =46=: 162.

=Pilot Weed=, mention of =33=: 132.

=Pim, Captain ----= =46=: 341.

=Pima=
absence of Ghost dance among the =14=: 805.
ancient culture of the =28=: 62.
as workmen at Casa Grande =28=: 37.
attitude of, toward pictographs =28=: 149.
ball game of the =28=: 147.
basketry, collection of =22, i=: XXXIX.
basketry of the =28=: 147.
calendric records of the =23=: XLI.
Casa Grande built by the =13=: 319.
cultivation of cotton by the =14=: 350.
dwellings of the =28=: 39, 97, 113, 154, 155, 156.
face painting of the =28=: 145.
fear of Casa Grande of the =28=: 34.
Friar Marcos among the =14=: 556.
games of the =24=:
archery 389.
ball race 666, 671 _sq._
dice games 148-152.
double ball 648, 660.
hand game 267, 295 _sq._
hidden ball 339, 355 _sq._
hoop and pole 489.
quoits 724.
ring and pin 528, 551 _sq._
running races 806.
shuttlecock 717.
granaries of the =13=: 246.
illustration of ornamentation by =6=: 220.
inhumation among the =1=: 98, 99.
katcinas among Hopi =21=: 17, 18.
kicking-ball game of the =28=: 94.
land cessions and reservations =18=: 820, 888, 894 _sqq._, 906,
914, 922.
lava rings used by the =28=: 130.
legends of the =28=: 35 _sq._, 42-52, 61 _sq._, 63 _sq._, 65.
meaning of name =26=: 19 _sq._
mortuary customs of the =28=: 109, 117, 118.
myths of the Water people of Tusayan concerning the =8=: 32.
names for Casa Grande =28=: 33.
number names of the =19=: 868, 929.
observations among the =26=: XIX _sq._
on use of wooden implements =28=: 146.
opinion of the, as to ancient stone inclosures =8=: 216.
origin of the =28=: 71, 152, 153, 154.
population of the =7=: 99.
pottery of the =28=: 141, 147.
quartz crystals used by the =28=: 130.
references to =28=: 54, 57, 58, 70, 115.
relationships of =28=: 71, 217.
researches among the =24=: XX _sq._
Russell’s monograph on =28=: 42.
sleeping mats of the =28=: 99.
stone implements of the =28=: 123.
study of industries of =23=: XIII.
study of the =15=: XXIX.
swastika among the =28=: 139, 140.
technologic specimens collected from the =23=: XLI.
use of _Datura_ by the =30=: 41.
_See also_ =Southern Pima=.

=Pima Alta=, a division of the Piman family =7=: 98.

=Piman Arts=, specimens of =26=: 17 _sq._

=Piman Stock=
mention of =7=: 98.
tribes of the =24=:
Opata 146, 631, 670.
Papago 146, 295, 353, 659, 670, 794.
Pima 148, 295, 355, 389, 489, 551, 660, 671, 717, 724, 806.
Sobaipuris 806.
Tarahumare 152, 389, 631, 672, 724.
Tepehuan 153, 660.
Zuaque 154, 356, 631, 678.

=Piman Synonymy=, preparation of =15=: XXXIV.

=Pimas Gileños=, = _Pima_, described by Font =26=: 29 _sq._

=Pimentel, Francisco, _Conde de Heras_=
linguistic literature of =7=: 21.
on Indian medicine-men =9=: 593.
on meaning of name Seri =17=: 95.
on Opata numerals =19=: 911.
on Santo Domingo =29=: 448.
study of Seri language by =17=: 101 _sq._, 296*, 299*.
Tzental paternoster given by =16=: 263.

=Pimería=
American trappers in =26=: 81.
antelope in =26=: 81.
climate of =26=: 58, 65.
eclipses visible in =26=: 61.
explanation of the term =26=: 76.
irrigation in =26=: 86-89.
mice and rats in =26=: 80.
reference to =28=: 56.
shrines of =26=: 118.

=Pimos=, corrupt form of Pima =26=: 19.

=Pin=
decoration of Catawba pipes with =20=: 55.
of yew wood, for blanket =35=: 118.
_See also_ =Pins=.

=Pin Indians.= _See_ =Ketoowah Society=.

=Pin Society= of the Cherokee =5=: 325.

=Pinaceae= =33=: 63.

=Pinal Apache=, disposal of land claimed by =18=: 922.

=Pinal Leñas=, reference to =28=: 217.

=Pinals= in fight at “Bloody Tanks” =26=: 51.

=Pinart, Alphonse L.=
Antillean skulls found by =25=: 29.
cited =6=: 14, 15, 20, 22; =46=: 234.
collection made by =34=: 167.
on clay idol from Santo Domingo =25=: 187.
on deformed legs of Antilleans =25=: 144.
on Dorasque, Cuna and Choco numerals=19=: 917.
on elbow stone =25=: 173 _sq._
on Guaymi and Guaymi Sabanero numerals =19=: 916.
on masks of Shumagin Islands =3=: 140, 143.
on pictographs =4=: 30, 40.
on Piman burial =1=: 98.
on Porto Rican pictography =25=: 148 _sq._
on Quekchi number names =19=: 864, 901 _sqq._
pictographs reported by =10=: 62.
Porto Rican caves explored by =25=: 87.
Seri vocabulary obtained by =21=: XXV.
study of Seri languages by =17=: 106 _sqq._, 296*, 299*.

=Pinart Elbow Stone= =34=: 206.

=Pinawa=, description of =8=: 86, 88.

=Pincers=, use of, in arrow-chipping =13=: 140.

=Pinching=
decoration by, Eastern United States pottery =20=: 73, 118.
_See also_ =Fingernails=; =Fingers=.

=Pinchney, ----=, on Cherokee attitude in war of 1812 =19=: 89.

=Pinckard, G.=, cited =30=: 232, 332, 334.

=Pinckley, Frank=, resident custodian of Casa Grande =28=: 34, 37, 86.

=Pinckley Collection= from Casa Grande =28=: 120.

=Pine=
appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 64, 79, 82, 83,
100, 102, 113.
black, use of, as food =45=: 483.
boughs, application for removing disease in Navaho ceremonies =8=:
247, 250.
boughs, disposition of, after ceremony =8=: 248, 251.
knots, Cherokee use of, as torches =19=: 492.
lodgepole =33=: 63.
lodgepole, use of =45=: 461, 483, 496, 504.
medicinal use of =42=: 664.
mention of =35=: 143, 181, 398.
nuts, use of, as food =14=: 517, 518.
red, use of =44=: 291, 378.
rosin, used medicinally =42=: 659.
tree, appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 78, 95,
112, 119.
use of =44=: 378.
use of, as screens in Hopi festivals =21=: 46, 47.
use of, at Casa Grande =28=: 146.
use of, by Hopi katcinas =21=: 76, 97, 106.
use of, to represent hair and beard =21=: 105.
western white, use of =45=: 493.
western yellow, use of =45=: 466, 483, 484, 499, 508, 514.
white, medicinal use of =43=: 264.
white, use of =44=: 291, 352.
whitebark, use of =45=: 492.
yellow, use of, for food =45=: 491.
_See also_ =Lodgepole Pine=.

=Pine Bird=, flight of, to Bad Lands =14=: 884.

=Pine Ridge Agency=
arrival of troops at =14=: 850.
attacked by Brulés =14=: 873, 875.
changes in boundaries of =14=: 830.
delegates from, to Wovoka =14=: 820.
delegation from, to Washington =14=: 891.
destruction of property at =14=: 892.
dissatisfaction of Indians at =14=: 844.
flight of Indians of, to Bad Lands =14=: 850.
Ghost dance at =14=: 846.
Ghost dance council held at =14=: 820.
Ghost dance excitement at =14=: 848.
Indians of, meet commissioners =14=: 841.
mission on, abandoned =14=: 874.
pictograph letter of =4=: 160 _sq._
pictographs at =4=: 176.
reduction of rations at =14=: 832, 845.
report of Sioux delegates at =14=: 820.
restlessness of Indians at =14=: 845.
return of Sioux hostiles to =14=: 861.
visit of Äpiatañ to =14=: 911.

=Pine Ridge Reserve=, establishment of =18=: 932.

=Pine Ridge Sioux=, reference to =27=: 101.

=Pineapple=
cultivation of =38=: § 246.
drink from =38=: § 266.
mention of =38=: § 246.

=Pineau=; =Pinot=, a source of salt =38=: § 250.

=Pineda, Juan de=, campaign against Seri by =17=: 75.

=Pinedale Ruins=
age of =22, i=: 167.
bone implements from =22, i=: 166 _sq._
buildings of =22, i=: 164 _sqq._
collections from =19=: XXI; =22, i=: 166 _sq._
examination of =22, i=: 121.
excavation of =19=: XVI.
form of =22, i=: 165.
location of =22, i=: 165.
pottery from, character and decoration of =22, i=: 166.
reference to =22, i=: 121.
skeletons from =22, i=: 166.
work at =22, i=: 164.

=Pineville, Ky.=, trails of =42=: 781, 782, 797.

=Pinewood Tongs= =35=: 229.

=Piney River=, fortified Indian town on =41=: 496.

=Pingasoogarook= =46=: 207.

=Pingishuguruk= =46=: 206.

=Pingo= =46=: 205.

=Pinini=
a dwarf race =29=: 435, 500, 501.
_See also_ =Pygmies=.

=Pinitu Dance=
ceremony of =47=: 332-335.
story of origin of =47=: 372.

=Pink Clay=, use of, in house decorations =8=: 146.

=Pinkerton, John=, on Virginia mummies =1=: 131.

=Pinksey Matehah=, a Chickasaw =42=: 811.

=Pinole=
an Indian food =23=: XII.
description of =26=: 67.

=Piñon=
nuts, how regarded by Cheyenne and Arapaho =14=: 779.
nuts, use of, as food =14=: 517, 522.
nuts, use of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 30.
preparation of, for food =30=: 70.
use of, in ceremonies =30=: 96.
use of, in medicine =30=: 42, 43, 57.

=Pinoshuragin= =46=: 208.

=Pinot.= _See_ =Pineau=.

=Pins=
cut from body of shell =2=: 216.
examples of =2=: 213, 218.
made by Indians and mound-builders =12=: 686.
made from columellae of shell =2=: 213, 218.
obtained from mounds =2=: 213-218.
of shell =2=: 213, 218.
use of, as ear ornaments =12=: 686.
use of, bone =2=: 217.
use of, problematical =2=: 213, 217.
_See also_ =Pin=.

=Pinto Tribe=, habitat of the =7=: 68.

=Pinus=, use of =44=: 378.

=Pinus Albicaulis= =45=: 492.

=Pinus Contorta= =45=: 461, 496, 504.

=Pinus Monticola= =45=: 493.

=Pinus Murrayana= =33=: 63; =45=: 483, 496, 504.

=Pinus Ponderosa= =45=: 466, 483, 484, 491, 499, 508, 514.

=Pinus Resinosa=, use of =44=: 291, 378.

=Pinus Strobus=, use of =44=: 291, 352.

=Pĭnûtgû´=, a Cheyenne division =14=: 1026.

=Piny Branch Quarries=
description of =15=: 31, 33, 52.
excavations in =15=: 36.

=Piny Branch Valley=, geology of =15=: 32.

=Piojé Indians=, vomiting of the =30=: 95.

=Piokot=, description of =21=: 105.

=Piomingo=, Chickasaw chief =42=: 812.

=Pioneers, Kentucky=, trails of =42=: 793-802.

=Pipe, _Captain_ ----=, grant including village of =18=: 688.

=Pipe=
animated =32=: 129, 134.
as a symbol =39=: 50.
as credential of office =39=: 52.
beliefs concerning the =11=: 511.
ceremonial relating to =11=: 373, 377, 425, 435, 458, 487.
ceremonial, ritual of =37=: 469 _sqq._
ceremonial use of =17=: 297; =37=: 142, 145, 148, 149, 158, 429;
=39=: 53 _sq._, 58, 244, 247, 295.
collected by J. P. Harrington =47=: 13.
extemporized, by an Eskimo =9=: 68.
of the Nenenot _11_: 302.
official badge of the Sho´-ka =43=: 33, 59, 67.
sacred, in Pima mythology =26=: 229.
sacred, in Pima song =26=: 278.
sacred, of the Arapaho =17=: 242.
sacred, of the Cherokee =19=: 397, 503.
sculpture of the mound-builders =2=: 124.
symbolic =36=: 61.
symbolic, carried by singer =39=: 138.
use of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 48.
use of, in Kiowa war ceremony =17=: 312, 322, 328.
_See also_ =Pipes=; =Pipes of Peace=; etc.

=Pipe Ceremony=
among the Osage =15=: 236.
in Ghost dance =14=: 915.

=Pipe Dance=
of the Omaha =3=: 276.
paraphernalia of the =40=: 38, 119, 137.
reference to =11=: 406.

=Pipe-giving Ceremony= =17=: 282.

=Pipe-offering Songs= =39=: 120-123.

=Pipe Shrine House=
excavation of =41=: 50 _sqq._
naming of =41=: 52.
repair of =41=: 80.

=Pipeclay=, fragments of, found at Homolobi =22, i=: 111.

=Pipes=
and tobacco, used by Indians and mound-builders =12=: 687.
belonging to Sacred Pole =27=: 226 _sq._, 230-233, 238.
belonging to Te´pa itazhi =27=: 161 _sq._
belonging to White Buffalo Hide =27=: 283, 284, 286-289, 290.
Casa Grande, description of =28=: 135 _sq._
ceremonial, description of =45=: 165.
ceremonial use of =42=: 449; =45=: 154, 380, 554.
chief’s =42=: 703.
clay =20=:
Catawba 143.
Catawba, manufacture of 55.
Cherokee, manufacture of 56.
Eastern United States 44 _sq._
Eastern United States, materials used in manufacture of 46.
Eastern United States, separation of, into groups 141.
Florida Peninsula 119, 129.
Gulf Coast 108.
Iroquoian province 172-175.
Iroquoian province, paste used for 161, 173.
Iroquoian province, prominence of 160, 172 _sq._
Middle Atlantic coast 150, 151, 156, 158.
Middle Mississippi Valley 83, 98 _sq._
New Jersey-New England province 175, 179.
Northern province 199.
South Appalachian province 131, 139, 140 _sq._
custodianship of, Ponca =27=: 44.
description and figure of =13=: 128.
description of =45=: 165 _sq._
description of, used by Point Barrow Eskimo =9=: 66 _sqq._, 70 _sq._
distribution of _15_: 142.
“elephant” =2=: 155, 157.
Eskimo =18=: 280-284.
Eskimo terms for =9=: 70.
form a link connecting mound-builders and Indians =12=: 701, 703.
found in Nacooche Mound =37=: 3.
from Alexander Mound =42=: 19.
from mounds differ from those used by Maya, Nahau and Pueblo
tribes =12=: 704.
from Sacred War Pack =27=: 415.
how finished =15=: 26.
image =12=: 233, 235, 323, 325.
in adoption ceremony, Osage =27=: 62.
in Caddo mythology =14=: 1093.
in Hethu´shka society =27=: 459, 460, 461, 462, 464, 465 _sq._
in Hoⁿ´hewachi ceremony =27=: 496, 498, 499.
in “mark of honor”, Osage =27=: 220.
in Shell Society =27=: 520, 521, 562 _sq._
in Sikyatki graves =17=: 733.
keepers of sacred =3=: 222, 223, 358, 363.
materials used for =45=: 254, 380.
mention of =12=: 323, 325, 338, 339, 340, 341, 353, 354, 383,
402, 403, 427.
of Tent of War =27=: 142, 424 _sq._
of the Menomini =14=: 159, 247, 253.
of the Okanagon =45=: 278.
of the Omaha =13=: 279.
of the Siouan Indians =15=: 172.
Omaha sacred =3=: 221-224.
paper on, by J. D. McGuire =20=: 45, 99.
paper on uses of =20=: 25, 172.
sacred, in charge of northern Arapaho =14=: 955.
sacred, of the Arapaho =14=: 956, 1063.
sacred, of the Sioux =14=: 823, 1062.
sacred, referred to in Ghost dance =14=: 1072.
sacred regard for =14=: 959, 960, 961.
sacred tribal =27=:
bearers 149, 162.
custody 148.
description 135, 207.
in annual buffalo hunt 276, 277.
in connection with Council of Seven 196, 207 _sqq._
in election of chief 204.
in establishment of Nini´batoⁿ divisions 201.
in He´dewachi 251, 253, 255, 257, 258.
in preservation of peace 205 _sq._, 215.
keeper 208.
reference to 217.
rites of 261, 596, 602.
ritual for filling 187 _sq._, 195, 208 _sq._
significance of 207.
Te´pa subgens associated with 159.
significance of =27=: 201.
Sikyatki =14=: 519.
soapstone =5=: 93, 94.
source of material for =45=: 218.
steatite =15=: 109; =44=: 88 _sq._
steatite, from Anacostia =15=: 133.
steatite, from North Carolina and Tennessee =15=: 133.
steatite, trade in =42=: 736.
stone bird, from Hydes Ferry =42=: 18.
symbolism of =45=: 578 _sq._, 587, 723, 725.
symbolism of, in Ghost dance =14=: 789.
Tewa, reference to =29=: 581.
the calumet =3=: 277.
trade in =20=: 140, 158, 173.
tradition of the =3=: 222.
treaty, illustrated =14=: 688.
typical form of the broad, curved base =12=: 704.
use of =30=: 95; =46=: 413.
use of, in Ghost dance =14=: 1064.
use of, in prayer =27=: 599.
war pipes, Ponca =27=: 144.
Wa´waⁿ pipes =27=: 43, 47, 162, 375, 376 _sqq._, 380.
_See also_ =Calumet=; =Peace Pipe=; =Pipe=; =Pipes of Peace=;
=Smoking=; =Tobacco=.

=Pipes of Peace=
breaking of, by Sitting Bull =14=: 854.
calumet =27=: 207.
custodianship of =37=: 183 _sq._
in charge of Wazha´zhe gens, Ponca =27=: 46.
in Osage legend =27=: 46, 62.
in Ponca legend =27=: 47, 48.
in Wa´waⁿ ceremony =27=: 43.
of the Cherokee =14=: 1063.
_See also_ =Peace Pipe=; =Pipes=; etc.

=Pipestems=
Eskimo =18=: 280.
in annual buffalo hunt =27=: 276, 280, 281, 282.
use of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 19, 20.

=Pipestone, Minn.=, petroglyphs copied at =10=: XIII, 87 _sq._

=Pipestone=
red, used as a remedy =44=: 331.
trade in =45=: 254.

=Pipestone Quarry=
in Minnesota =13=: XXVIII; =14=: XXXV.
mention of =4=: 23, 33; =42=: 49.
reference to =27=: 36.
reservation of use of =18=: 820.
sacred regard for =15=: 184.

=Pipil=, day symbol of the =16=: 252.

=Pipsissewa=
medicinal use of =43=: 265.
use of =44=: 288, 360; =45=: 462, 476, 494.

=Piptadenia=, narcotic =38=: § 286.

=Piptuka=, description of =21=: 116.

=Pirai Fish=, legends about the =30=: 244.

=Piratic Acculturation=, study of =19=: XXII-XXV.

=Pirinda _or_ Matlaltzincan=, number names of =19=: 873, 879 _sq._,
931.

=Piro Indian=
language of the =29=: 37.
mention of the =1=: 101.
name for earth =29=: 52.
study of the language of =19=: XXVI.
Tewa name for =29=: 575.
tribes of, description of =15=: XXII.
work among the =19=: XVI.

=Pisa, Bartolomé de=, on meaning of certain symbols =16=: 240.

=Pisassa=, sandals =38=: § 553.

=Piscataway Indians= represented at treaty of peace =43=: 456.

=Pisé=
constructions in Arizona =13=: 238, 310, 360.
houses of, in the Southwest =23=: XXIX.

=Pishofa Ceremony=, description of =44=: 258-263.

=Pishofa Dances=
modern Chickasaw ceremonies =42=: 590.
to cure the sick =42=: 622 _sq._

=Pishquitpah=, sketch of the =14=: 739.

=Piskwaus=
and Isle de Pierre affinity =14=: 735.
sketch of the =14=: 736.

=Pismo Clamshell=
beads of =44=: 155.
ornaments of =44=: 147.

=Pisquose=
a Piskwaus synonym =14=: 737 _sq._
_See also_ =Yakima=.

=Pisscow=, an Okanagon division =14=: 734.

=Pit Burial= =1=: 93.

=Pit Dwellings=
Alaska, Pueblo =46=: 82.
at Luna, New Mexico =37=: 22 _sq._

=Pit River Indians=
account of the =14=: 1052.
dialects of the =7=: 97.
Ghost dance among the =14=: 785, 804.
stone chipping by the =13=: 141.

=Pit-rooms=
Casa Grande, reference to =28=: 101.
=See also= =Subterranean Rooms=.

=Pit Traps= of the Eskimo =18=: 122.

=Pitahaya=
native American fruit =14=: 515.
occurrence of, in Seriland =17=: 34.

=Pitarilla=, European game, Tewa =24=: 797.

=Pitcatchee= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Pitcher Forms= =4=: 307.

=Pitcher Plant=, use of =44=: 293, 378.

=Pitchers=
clay, from =2=:
Acoma 405.
Laguna 401.
Tesuke 413.
Zuñi 349.
collection of Indian =3=: 543.

=Pitching Tents=, Omaha rules for =3=: 220 _sq._

=Pitchlyn, Jack=, account of =42=: 826.

=Pitfalls=
for game, references to =29=: 268, 279 _sq._
_See also_ =Traps=.

=Pither, Robert J. N.=
on amounts of wild rice harvested =19=: 1075.
on birds destructive to wild rice =19=: 1027.
on drowning of wild rice =19=: 1099.
on Ojibwa curing wild rice =19=: 1065, 1066.
on Ojibwa gathering wild rice =19=: 1063.
on Ojibwa storing wild rice in cedar-bark bags =19=: 1072.
on sowing of wild rice by Rat Portage Ojibwa =19=: 1057.
on thanksgiving observance before wild rice harvest =19=: 1091.

=Pitic=, establishment of port at =17=: 72.

=Pitman, Harrison=, pits on farm of =44=: 526.

=Pitman Creek=, Indian fortifications at =42=: 803.

=Pitman’s Station, Ky.=, location of =42=: 803.

=Pitmegia= =46=: 207.

=Pitou, L. A.=, cited =30=: 170, 282, 294, 302, 309, 310, 340.

=Pits=
artificial, in Piny Branch quarries =15=: 50, 51.
for cooking =8=: 163.
for storage of food =45=: 342.
mention of =12=: 32.

=Pitt River.= _See_ =Round Valley
Reserve=.

=Pitt River Indians=, burial and cremation of =1=: 151.

=Pittard, _Prof._ E.= =46=: 326, 371.

=Pitted Stones=, description of =13=: 91; =15=: 103.

=Pittsburg, Pa.=, occurrence of Middle Mississippi Valley pottery
in =20=: 80 _sq._

=Piute (Pi-ute) Indian=
a synonym of Paiute =14=: 1048.
cairn burial of the =1=: 143.
illustrations of ornamentation by =6=: 198, 205.
map of Colorado River =10=: 342.

=Piute Creek, Calif.=, pictographs at =10=: 62.

=Pizarro, Francisco=
condition of cranium of =16=: 31.
purchase of Alvarado’s expedition by =14=: 352.
struggles of, in Peru =14=: 376.

=P’kaist Indians=, mention of =41=: 144.

=Place, Lem.=, pueblo ruins near house of =22, i=: 173.

=Place=, affection for =33=: 321.

=Place Names=
affected by flora =33=: 57.
Alaskan, preparation of list of =41=: 63.
at Mohegan =43=: 253.
California, work on =41=: 59.
derived from plants =30=: 86.
Indian, in Trinidad =34=: 65.
Indian, occurrence of =34=: 62.
mention of, Hawaiian =33=: 314.
of the Lake Indians =45=: 211.
Tewa, detailed treatment of =29=: 94-618.
Tewa, large features of =29=: 98-106.
Tewa, list of =29=: 588-618.
Tewa, notes on =29=: 37 _sq._, 94-98.

=Place of Initiation=, plan of =39=: 84.

=Placement=, process of =1=: 6 _sqq._

=Placenta.= _See_ =Afterbirth=.

=Plague=
in Pima villages =26=: 42 _sq._, 48.
terms relating to =29=: 69.

=Plain Pottery= =4=: 299 _sqq._

=Plains=
description of the Indians of =14=: 527, 578, 580.
Spanish soldiers lost on the =14=: 508.
_See also_ =Great Plains=.

=Plains Cree=, data on scalp and war dances of =40=: 547.

=Plains Indians _or_ Tribes=
arrow chipping by the =13=: 140, 142.
connection of, with Tewas =21=: 111.
games of the =24=:
buzz 751.
cup and pin 559.
double ball 647.
hoop and pole 428.
shinny 617.
influence of designs of =41=: 374, 384.
known to the Flathead =45=: 304.
material relating to =28=: 15.
notices by the =10=: 340.
similarity of leggings worn by Pohaha to those of =21=: 111.
studies among the =24=: XVI _sq._
Sun dance among the =24=: 438 _sqq._
Tewa name for the =29=: 575.
war among the =17=: 176, 178.

=Plaiting=
loop =38=: § 45, 46.
strand =38=: § 42, 43, 544.

=Plaitwork and Basketry= =38=: p. 137-142.

=Plan=
of directing ethnologic researches =2=: XV.
of pueblo houses not usually prearranged =8=: 100-162.
of villages, traditional mention of =8=: 104.
_See also_ =Plans and Descriptions=.

=Plana Cayo=, number of specimens from =34=: 50.

=Plancarte, F.=, Indian relics donated by =10=: XXII.

=Planets=
myths concerning =11=: 514.
_See also_ =Star=.

=Planos, Enrique Gomez=, work of, on Cuba =34=: 248.

=Plans and Descriptions=
of Cibolan ruins =8=: 80.
of inhabited villages =8=: 61-79.
of Tusayan ruins =8=: 45-60.
of Zuñi villages =8=: 94-99.
_See also_ =Plan=.

=Plans of Operation= of the Bureau of American Ethnology =25=: IX.

=Plant Forms and Designs=
Eastern United States pottery =20=: 35, 39, 40, 63, 65.
Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 118, 124, 127, 128.
Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 85, 91, 94 _sq._
Potomac Creek pottery =20=: 156.
_See also_ =Life=.

=Plantaginaceae= =33=: 115.

=Plantago Major=
medicinal constituents of =44=: 304.
medicinal properties of =44=: 302.
mention of =33=: 115.
use of =44=: 291, 348, 352, 362, 376.

=Plantain=
drink =38=: § 268.
medicinal use of =43=: 266.
mention of =33=: 115; =38=: § 246.
skin for tattooing =38=: § 510.
_See also_ =Plantago Major=.

=Planting Katcina.= _See_ =Paski=.

=Planting Lore= =43=: 271 _sq._

=Planting Ritual= =47=: 321.

=Planting Song= =36=: 295.

=Planting Sticks=
Antillean =25=: 196.
appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 116.
Casa Grande =28=: 146.
use of, by Hopi katcinas =21=: 77.
use of, in Masauû ceremony =21=: 37.

=Planting, Symbolic=, of fields =39=: 194 _sq._

=Planting Time=, how determined in Zuñi =8=: 148.

=Plants=
beads and pendants made from seeds of =33=: 58.
beliefs concerning =45=: 450, 507-510.
binas from =30=: 281-284, 285 _sqq._
bush spirits associated with =30=: 228-234.
ceremonies for gathering =7=: 339.
chewed by the Indians =45=: 492 _sq._
creation of =30=: 146 _sqq._
curative =27=:
description of 584 _sq._
in story of Shell Society 516.
reference to 487.
discussion of Indian names of =45=: 449 _sqq._
dried for medicine =44=: 326.
eaten by animals =45=: 514 _sqq._
economic =38=: § 246.
edible =30=: 65-76; =38=: p. 213-221.
edible, description of =27=: 341 _sq._
fertile and sterile =44=: 325.
folklore of =30=: 84 _sq._
human factor in distribution of =33=: 59.
idea of sex in =45=: 453 _sq._
in mythology =45=: 510 _sq._
index list of =30=: 101 _sq._
Indian knowledge of =45=: 454.
list of, used for medicines =45=: 293 _sq._
lists of =44=: 286-299.
magic power attributed to =47=: 915.
male and female =45=: 508.
man derived from =30=: 144 _sq._, 228.
materials for personal adornment =33=: 58.
medicinal properties of =44=: 299-303.
medicinal use of =42=: 655-670.
mention of =11=: 390.
mythic origin of =30=: 46.
myths and lore concerning =19=: 231, 240, 252, 420-427, 505.
named from special characteristics =45=: 448.
named from taste =45=: 450.
named from their use =45=: 449.
naming of =45=: 454.
nomenclature of =44=: 328.
of Seriland =17=: 31-36.
of the Point Barrow region, Alaska =9=: 59 _sq._
omens from =30=: 277.
paper on use of, by Indians =40=: 17.
parts of, used for their fragrance =33=: 59.
poisonous =45=: 452, 511 _sqq._; =46=: 129.
sacred food =39=: 129.
sacred, Hawaiian =33=: 625, 659.
search for, for shrine =45=: 687 _sq._
study of, by certain persons =33=: 55.
suggestion of ornamental features by =20=: 64.
use of, in making pipes, Eastern United States =20=: 44.
used as antidotes =44=: 328.
used as charms =45=: 505 _sqq._
used as dog medicines =45=: 513 _sq._
used as food =45=: 452 _sq._, 477-492.
used as horse medicine =45=: 513 _sq._
used as medicine =45=: 455-477.
used as scents =45=: 502 _sq._
used as tobacco =14=: 250.
used by Cherokees for medical purposes =7=: 322-331.
used by Indians in dyeing and in medicine =2=: 335.
used by Thompson Indians, lists of =45=: 516-522.
used for medical purposes by the Midewiwin =7=: 197-201, 226,
241, 242.
used for purification =45=: 503 _sqq._
used for smoking =45=: 494 _sq._
used in making dyes and paints =45=: 500 _sqq._
used in manufacture =45=: 495.
used to make drinks =45=: 493 _sq._
uses of =30=: 39-101.
uses of, by Chippewa Indians =44=: 275-397.
uses of, by Makah Indians =42=: 15.
various uses of =33=: 55.
Zuñi conception of =30=: 37.
_See also_ =Basketry=; =Ceremonies=; =Decorating=; =Dyeing=;
=Folklore=; =Herbs=; =Medicine=; =Toilet=; =Weaving=; =Zuñi,
_plants of_=; and names of different plants.

=Plaques=, used for food =41=: 206 _sq._

=Plaster=
frequent renewal of, at Shumopavi =8=: 73.
use of clay for, by American aborigines =20=: 37.

=Plastering=
clay instruments used in =20=:
Eastern United States 35.
Middle Mississippi Valley 98, 100.
custom formerly observed in =8=: 102.
effect of, on kiva walls =16=: 121, 176.
effect of, on stonework =16=: 161.
in Verde cavate lodges =13=: 222, 225, 251.
of cliff ruin walls =16=: 118, 120, 121, 129, 140, 144, 149,
151, 160.
of Honanki ruin =17=: 563.
of Palatki ruin =17=: 555.
of Shupaulovi kiva =8=: 126.
of Sikyatki rooms =17=: 645, 646.
on Awatobi walls =17=: 616.
on chimney hoods =8=: 169, 172.
on floor in Mashongnavi =8=: 109.
on kiva walls =8=: 115.
on masonry =8=: 144.
on outer walls of Ojo Caliente =8=: 96.
on Shupaulovi kiva, condition of =8=: 124 _sq._
on side hole of door for fastening =8=: 183 _sq._
on walls =8=: 140.
renovation of rooms by frequent =8=: 89.

=Platanus Occidentalis=, medicinal use of =42=: 659.

=Plates=
copper and brass =42=:
account of 503-510.
ceremony of carrying 505.
description of 504, 507, 508.
exhibition of 570, 572.
origin of 505, 507, 509, 510, 570, 572.
sacred character of 503 _sq._, 572, 575.
trephined aperture covered by =16=: 39.
_See also_ =Caracoli=; =Platters=; =Shields, _copper_=.

=Platform=
at head of steps =8=: 161 _sq._
in cavate dwellings =17=: 541.
in floor of Tusayan kiva =8=: 121.
in Honanki =17=: 566.
of masonry connected with cliff ruins =16=: 132.

=Platonic Theory= of government, statement of =20=: CXXII.

=Platt, Albrecht=, on influence of wild rice on geographic
nomenclature =19=: 1122.

=Platte River=
occurrence of remains of Pawnee villages on =20=: 200.
pottery making in villages on =20=: 58.
references to =27=: 49, 80, 86, 88 _sq._
treaty of =18=: 750.

=Platter=, game of the =24=: 97, 186, 187.

=Platters=
Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 108.
Iroquoian province, rarity of =20=: 162.
Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 87 _sqq._
_See also_ =Plates=.

=Plattsburg, N. Y.=, vessel from =20=: 167.

=Play=, importance of, in activital development =17=: XXIX _sq._

=Playful Calf=, ritual recited by =45=: 529.

=Playfulness.= _See_ =Fancy=.

=Playground=, made by birds =30=: 226.

=Playing Cards= =24=: 32, 791.

=Playsanos Indians, _of California_=, gravestones of the =10=: 519.

=Plaza=
Casa Grande, description of =28=: 93 _sq._, 100 _sq._
in cavate villages =13=: 223.
_See also_ =Court=.

=Plaza Kiva= of Hano, corn-planting in =21=: 52.

=Pleasant Men=, an Arapaho division =14=: 957.

=Pleasant Porter=
head chief =42=: 331.
mention of =42=: 52.