Chapter LV: Part I: issued =28=: 19 (32)

=Totemism=
among the Creeks =42=: 695 _sq._
among the Winnebago =37=: 185 _sqq._
mention of =2=: 150.
study of philosophy of =23=: XXXIX.

=Totems=
account of =27=: 195, 602.
descent from =37=: 197 _sq._
distinct from town emblem =42=: 243.
in savage society =16=: 21; =20=: XCIV.
mention of =4=: 98, 167.
of the Menomini =14=: 39-42.
relation of, to taboos =44=: 198.
represented on cabin =42=: 182, 235.
significance of =14=: 696.
Siouan reverence for =15=: 184.
titles and names =10=: 376-391.
usage connected with =11=: 371.
_See also_ =Clan Animals=; =Totem Animals=; =Totemism=.

=Toteros.= _See_ =Tutelo=.

=Toto= land cessions and reservations =18=: 784.

=Totokya=
ceremonies at Cipaulovi =16=: 279.
Hopi ceremonial day of =21=: 20, 52, 121.

=Totonac=, ancient inhabitants of Vera Cruz =25=: 231, 250.

=Totonaca=
kingdom of =19=: 598.
method of forming numbers above ten =19=: 911, 931.

=Totonacapan=, native name for Vera Cruz =25=: 231.

=Totonaka=, a Hopi deity =17=: 647.

=Totonteac=
cartographic history of =14=: 403.
Coronado’s account of =14=: 560.
cultivation of cotton at =14=: 550.
identification of, with Tusayan =14=: 357; =17=: 534.
suggested origin of =17=: 534.
_See also_ =Hopi=; =Moki=; =Tusayan=.

=Totopotomy=, act of Virginia assembly affecting =18=: 565.

=Totoro-(u)kuro=, Arawak cotton anklet =38=: § 552.

=Totteroy River=, location of, by Pownall =7=: 114.

=Totyo= in Hopi mythology =16=: 303.

=Touatihu=, mention of =1=: 230.

=Toucan, _Rhamphastos sp._=
calling of the =38=: § 159.
carvings of the =2=: 135.
robbed of its feathers =38=: § 183.
stunned =38=: § 122.
taming of =38=: § 724.
use of beaks of, for bells =38=: § 575.
use of feathers of, for tippets =38=: § 538.

=Touch=, relation of, to vision =19=: LXII _sq._

=Touch-me-not, Wild= =33=: 101.

=Touch-the-Clouds=, death of =17=: 294.

=Toudamani=, war waged by =43=: 455.

=Toulé Dance=, mention of =38=: § 840, 865.

=Toumey, J. W.=, on absence of wild rice in Arizona =19=: 1029.

=Toupinambou Indians=, legends of the =30=: 363.

=Tourists=, money collected from =47=: 55.

=Touvinga Negroes=, description of the =30=: 364.

=Tovar, Fernando de=, position of =14=: 477.

=Tovar, Pedro de=
accompanies Gallego to Corazones =14=: 395.
appointment of, as ensign =14=: 477.
at San Hieronimo =14=: 502.
attack on Seri (?) by =17=: 54.
discovery of Tusayan by =14=: LVII, 390, 488, 562, 574.
flight of, from Suya =14=: 530, 533.
journey of, from Tiguex to Corazon =14=: 577.
use of papers of, by Mota Padilla =24=: 557.
wounded by Indians =24=: 557.

=Towa Quaatam Ochse=, legendary Pima magician =28=: 51.

=To´wa yäl´lännĕ=, legend of =30=: 35.

=Towahnahiook=, application of the name =14=: 742.

=Towakarehu=, population of =7=: 62.

=Towakoni, Jim=, acknowledgments to =14=: 655.

=Towanapee=, Menomini treaty commissioner =14=: 21.

=Towels=
of the Kwakiutl =35=: 129, 531.
white cedar bark used as =35=: 314.

=Tower, M. S.=, circular enclosure on land of, New York =12=: 510.

=Tower of Ruin No. 3= =33=: 165.

=Towers=
of the Mesa Verde =41=: 80 _sq._
study of =40=: 3.

=Towers of Silence=, description of =1=: 104 _sqq._

=Town=
arrangement of =42=: 171 _sqq._
evolution of =42=: 170 _sq._
unit composing =42=: 170.
use of the word =42=: 242.
_See also_ =Towns=.

=Town Chief=
assistants to =47=: 258.
office of =47=: 256 _sqq._
Oraibi =47=: 354.
paraphernalia of =47=: 331.

=Town cleaning=, day of =47=: 308.

=Town Council=, functions of =42=: 306.

=Town Creek, Ala.=
collection from mounds near =42=: 18.
mounds at mouth of =44=: 436, 450.

=Town Fathers=
altar of =47=: 310.
chief of =47=: 267.
costume of, for ceremony =47=: 309.
names of =47=: 268.

=Town Fathers Society=, specialization within =47=: 266.

=Town House=
apparent ruins of =41=: 501.
heating and lighting of =19=: 230.
strangers lodged in =42=: 447.
_See also_ =Temple=.

=Town-house Dance=, effect of Snake myths on time of holding =19=: 295.

=Town Site, Gordon=, size of =41=: 495.

=Town Square=
description of =41=: 501-514.
indications of =41=: 495.
seating in, at general council =42=: 312.
size of =41=: 498.
uses of =41=: 498.
_See also_ =Square Ground=.

=Town, Walled.= _See_ =Walled Town=.

=Town Yard.= _See_ =Square Ground=.

=Towne, Philip=
material collected by =24=: 69, 535.
on dice game, Cree =24=: 69.
on ring and pin, Cree =24=: 535.

=Towns=
busk names of =42=: 614.
clans, phratries and moieties of, tabulation of =42=: 158-162.
classification of =42=: 327 _sq._
classified as Red or White =42=: 254 _sq._
discussion of classification of =42=: 255 _sqq._, 259.
discussion of names of =44=: 213.
emblems of =42=: 243-246.
facial painting distinctive of =42=: 246.
five lists of =44=: 212.
geographical division of =42=: 306 _sq._
location of, on large rivers =31=: 394.
most influential, in 1791 =42=: 323.
natural classification of =42=: 248-259.
Tlingit, lists of =26=: 397.
unity of =42=: 246 _sq._
_See also_ =Red Towns=; =Town=; =Villages=; =White Towns=.

=Townsend, C. F.=, mention of =46=: 68.

=Townsend, E. B.=, agent for Pima =26=: 34.

=Tox= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 231.

=Toxaway.= _See_ =Tocax=.

=Toxeus=, sagamore of Norridgewock =43=: 174.

=Toxicodendron Toxicodendron= =33=: 100.

=Tox-oghbil=, meaning of =16=: 231.

=Toxylon Pomiferum= =33=: 76.

=Toy Baskets=, mention of =41=: 146.

=Toy-like Objects=
Eastern United States pottery =20=: 25, 40, 41, 124.
Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 116.
Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 83, 99.

=Toy-like Vessels= of clay from Wolpi =2=: 381, 385.

=Toys=
buried with children =40=: 455.
from Cochiti =2=: 408.
from Tesuke =2=: 414.
from Wolpi =2=: 391.
from Zuñi =2=: 370.
in graves of children =41=: 548, 604.
made from plants =44=: 379.
mention of =45=: 135.
of basketry =41=: 209.
of Eskimo children =9=:
buzzes 378.
dolls 380 _sq._
imitation implements 383.
kaiak paddler 381 _sqq._
pebble-snappers 379.
teetotums 378.
whirligigs 376 _sq._
whizzing sticks 379.
of pottery from Sikyatki =17=: 656.
of the Eskimo =18=: 331, 340-347.
of the Guiana Indians =38=: § 609-621.
of the Nenenot =11=: 326.
use of, to teach children =46=: 52.

=To-yuranni=, wooden float for arrow =38=: § 140.

=Tozzer, _Dr._ Alfred M.=
material collected by =24=: 767, 772.
on cat’s cradle, Navaho =24=: 767.
on dice games, Maya =24=: 143.
on string trick, Maya =24=: 762.
on top game, Maya =24=: 741.
on unclassified games, Maya =24=: 783 _sq._
work of =37=: 21.

=T’Peeksin= land cessions and reservations =18=: 798, 818, 864, 872.

=Trachoma= at Laguna =47=: 54, 349.

=Track Rock Gap=, myth concerning =19=: 453.

=Tracking=
animals, Guiana Indian =38=: § 784.
skill in, of the Chickasaw =44=: 240.

=Tracy,= _Marquis de_, commission to =18=: 547 _sq._

=Tracy, Edwin S.=
acknowledgment to =27=: 31.
transcription of Hako music by =22, ii=: 15, 16.

=Tracy, S. M.=, on wild rice in Mississippi =19=: 1030.

=Trade=
aboriginal, about Seward Peninsula =46=: 89.
among the Cherokee =19=: 31, 34, 82.
among the Plains Indians =14=: 527.
and barter =38=: p. 632-637 (Ch. XXXII).
and intercourse between Eskimo tribes =6=: 462-470.
and trading voyages, Eskimo =18=: 228, 232, 305.
articles of =42=: 452 _sq._; =45=: 112-115, 253, 254, 255, 358.
berry cakes used in =35=: 269.
between Plains and Pueblo Indians =14=: 578.
between tribes =42=: 736-740.
confusing effect of, on pottery records =20=: 19.
development of, in northeastern section =42=: 723 _sq._
distances covered in =42=: 737.
Eskimo, articles of =18=: 229 _sqq._
Eskimo, in relics =46=: 173.
general account of =26=: 92 _sqq._
herring spawn used in =35=: 254.
in basketry =41=: 156-159.
in fossil ivory =46=: 87, 88, 89, 91, 93.
in other relics =46=: 102, 103.
in pipes, Eastern United States =20=: 173.
in pipes, Middle Atlantic province =20=: 158.
in pipes, South Appalachian province =20=: 140.
Indian stories of =14=: 472.
intertribal =19=: 235.
Kwahadk` and Pima =26=: 124, 129, 130.
materials used in =42=: 736, 737.
Mohave and Pima =26=: 161.
of Okanagon group =45=: 250-255.
of Sonora Indians with Cibola =14=: 357.
of Spaniards with Colorado River Indians =14=: 406.
of the Upper Missouri =46=: 457-466.
Papago and Pima =26=: 100, 114, 119, 129, 142, 147, 150, 161.
pictographs for =10=: 602.
Pima and Mexican =26=: 97.
profits from =46=: 460.
signs for =1=: 381, 450, 495.
Tlingit and neighbors =26=: 414.
Tsimshian, lively =31=: 57.
with the Assiniboin =46=: 397 _sq._
with Yukon =46=: 89.
_See also_ =Traders=; =Trading=.

=Trade Language=, Indian =19=: 187 _sq._, 235.

=Trade Routes=, mention of =45=: 250-255, 355-358.

=Traders=
Alaska, collections made by =46=: 166, 173.
among the Cherokee, North Carolina regulations concerning =19=: 61.
among the Kiowa =17=: 171.
among the Plains tribes =17=: 168.
demands upon =46=: 460.
general character of =27=: 612 _sq._; =46=: 457, 621.
government control of =27=: 619.
Indians exploited by =47=: 33.
influence of =27=: 82 _sqq._, 114, 212, 614, _sqq._; =36=: 43 _sq._
influence of, on Indian development =19=: 231.
influenced by native superstition =42=: 502.
introduction by, of =27=:
cloth 616.
guns 617.
intoxicants 618.
metal implements 613 _sq._
money 617.
nature of records made by =42=: 678.
on Gila River reservation =26=: 90.
risks taken by =46=: 459.
Russian =46=: 123, 127.
safety granted to =42=: 740.
trail used by =42=: 778.
use of bells by =19=: 483.

=Tradescantia Virginica= =33=: 70.

=Trading=
among the Northern Indians =11=: 275.
camps of the Eskimo =18=: 261 _sq._
customs of the Eskimo =18=: 309.
Eskimo methods of =18=: 230 _sq._
festival of the Eskimo =18=: 361 _sqq._
house, building of =4=: 109, 110, 111.
method of =46=: 458, 459.
place of the Tennessee =42=: 751.
points on the Missouri =46=: 407.
posts, list of =17=: 381.

=Tradition=
concerning circular kivas =8=: 135.
concerning early occupancy of former pueblos by existing tribes
=8=: 225.
concerning occupancy of Old Mishongnovi =8=: 47 _sq._
concerning Payüpki pueblo =8=: 40.
concerning stone-close, Zuñi =8=: 192 _sq._
Hano =8=: 35.
historical value of =8=: 15.
mode of transmitting =17=: 145.
of foundation of Walpi =8=: 63.
of Hopi water-people =13=: 188.
of origin of house of Ḷeq!ᴇm =35=: 817-820.
of separation of Kwag-ul =35=: 831 _sq._
of the Noⁿ´-hoⁿ-zhiⁿ-ga =36=: 48.
of the pipes, Omaha =3=: 222.
of the sacred pole, Omaha =3=: 234.
of the sacred pole, Ponca =3=: 234.
Pima, of Casa Grande =13=: 319.
presented by Medicine society =14=: 67.
regarding Hano and Tusayan languages =8=: 36.
Tusayan =8=: 16-41.
_See also_ =Records=; =Traditions=.

=Traditionary Gentes= of Tusayan, list of =8=: 38.

=Traditionists=, Hopi, integrity and reliability of =19=: 579.

=Traditions=
Arikara =27=: 38, 40, 41, 47-50, 485.
Assiniboin =46=: 402 _sq._
Cherokee, memoir on =19=: 3-548.
connected with Casa Grande =28=: 42-52.
crow and wolf =27=: 446.
Dakota =27=: 73.
Hopi, ignorance of, by young tribesmen =19=: 579.
Indian, historic value of =19=: 1039.
Kansa =27=: 38.
mention of =4=: 84 _sqq._
of meeting with Padouca =27=: 79 _sq._
Omaha =27=:
environmental conditions 608.
gentes 199.
origin of Shell society 509-516.
Sacred Pole 218.
tribal migrations 36, 38, 72-75.
Osage =27=: 38, 40, 47, 62 _sqq._
Pima, preservation of =26=: 206.
Ponca =27=: 38, 40, 41, 47-50, 485.
Ponca, Sacred Pole =27=: 218.
preserved by medicine-men =30=: 345.
Quapaw =27=: 38.
regarding cliff-dwellings =16=: 190 _sq._
relating of =46=: 521.
Tciwere =11=: 430.
Tusayan, memoir on =19=: XXXIX _sq._
Winnabago =37=: 55-58, 59-69.
_See also_ =Creation Myth=; =Sacred Legend=; =Tradition=.

=Tragopogon Porrifolius= =45=: 484.

=Tragopogon sp.= =45=: 493.

=Trail=
made by hacking trees =32=: 364.
made to disappear =32=: 387.
methods of marking, on Great Plains =14=: 505, 509, 571.
of the fur-traders =45=: 359.
_See also_ =Trails=.

=Trailing, Decoration by=
Eastern United States pottery =20=: 52, 60.
Iroquoian pottery =20=: 164.
Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 90.
Northwestern pottery =20=: 193, 197.
_See also_ =Decoration=; =Intaglio=; =Incision=.

=Traill, Catherine Parr=
on appearance of wild rice plant =19=: 1025.
on gathering wild rice =19=: 1063.
on wild rice eaten with venison =19=: 1084.

=Trails=
antiquity of =42=: 740 _sq._
as dividing lines =42=: 758.
ceremonially closed =17=: 596 _sq._
choice of, by Indians =42=: 743.
in Canyon de Chelly =16=: 157.
list of =42=: 746 _sqq._
made by animals =43=: 788.
names of =42=: 744.
of Tennessee, map of =42=: 730.
paper on =42=: 17.
principal, known to Tewa =29=:
from Nambé 358.
from Peña Blanca to Domingo station 445.
from San Felipe to Santa Ana 497.
from San Ildefonso to Cochiti 314-319.
from San Ildefonso to Caliente or El Rito 205.
from San Ildefonso to Southern pueblos 323.
general data on 106 _sq._
on Canoe Mesa 224.
on Mesa del Rito 413.
references to 383, 421, 423, 458.
size of =42=: 743.
Tâaaiyalana =8=: 89.
use of, by Spaniards =42=: 828 _sq._
use of, by war parties =42=: 757.
Wolpi =8=: 65, 66.
_See also_ =Trade Routes=; =Trail=.

=Training= of dogs =38=: § 719.

=Trance=
among Indian devotees =11=: 392.
in ancient times =14=: 929.
in Shaker religion =14=: 746, 751, 752.
of Smohalla =14=: 719.
of the Shawano prophet =14=: 673.
of Wovoka =14=: 771.
_See also_ =Dream=; =Hypnotism=; =Vision=.

=Transformation=
Eskimo belief in =18=: 426 _sq._
in Ghost dance doctrine =14=: 1068.
legends concerning =30=: 184 _sq._
moon and, relation of =30=: 257.
myths relating to =19=: 304, 462 _sq._
of body =30=: 149, 150 _sq._, 182, 184, 199, 341.
of men into animals =40=: 37, 63, 117.
power of, of animals =37=: 197.

=Transformer=
heroes, Osage =37=: 438.
myths concerning =43=: 180-189.
myths of the Tsimshian =31=: 567-722.

=Translation=
based on paraphrase =40=: 295, 378.
work of F. F. Hilder on =20=: XXIII.

=Transmigration of Souls=, belief in =11=: 421, 493; =42=: 710.

=Transmission, Cultural=, Yukon =46=: 83.

=Transoms= over Pueblo doorways =8=: 187 _sqq._

=Transparencies= of birch bark =44=: 390, 395.

=Transportation=
among Northern Indians =11=: 304.
an element of commerce =20=: XLIV _sqq._
by water among the Sioux =15=: 172.
means of, by the Eskimo =9=: 328-360.
methods of =45=: 108-112, 248 _sqq._, 349-355.
of collections =46=: 62.
of materials =15=: 73, 75.
of quarry blades =15=: 62.
of rock by stream =15=: 138, 140.
of stone articles =15=: 22.
of the Winnebago =37=: 123.
of water, pottery for =4=: 284.
substances employed in =20=: XLVI.
to Walpi mesa, Indian method of =8=: 61.
_See also_ =Dogs=; =Domestic Pottery=; =Sled=; =Sledge=; =Travois=.

=Transportation Apparatus=, Eskimo =18=: 205-228.

=Trap=
for alligator =38=: § 217.
for armadillo, labba, etc. =38=: § 161.
for bird =38=: § 177 _sqq._
for bush hog =38=: § 167.
for fish =38=: § 194-206.
for perch, measurements of =35=: 161.
invocation of the =11=: 387.
represented in string figures =38=: § 655, 656, 673-675.
_See also_ =Traps=.

=Trapdoors=
frames furnished with hand-holds =8=: 192.
kivas, no means of fastening =8=: 113.
Sichumovi =8=: 63.

=Trapezoid=, interpretation of =41=: 326 _sq._

=Trappers=, early American, in Pimería =26=: 81.

=Trapping=
among the Northern Indians =11=: 204, 280.
methods of =45=: 101-105.
Omaha =3=: 301.

=Traps=
for animals, Eskimo =18=: 183 _sqq._
for bears, foxes and martens =31=: 401.
for fish =45=: 106, 247.
for fish, Eskimo =18=: 183 _sqq._
for fish, Omaha =3=: 302.
for game =37=: 110.
Indian use of =19=: 468.
of the Eskimo =9=: 260.
of the Menomini =14=: 273.
_See also_ =Trap=.

=Traumatic Injuries= of Peruvian crania =16=: 65.

"=Travail=,” explanation of =4=: 217.

=Travel=
among the Guiana Indians =38=: p. 602-619 (Chs. XXIX, XXX).
among the Indians =42=: 735.
and transportation, Winnebago =37=: 123.
by water =42=: 744 _sq._
customs of =42=: 447-452; =44=: 247.
discouraged among Acomas =47=: 31.
guidance in =46=: 526 _sq._
Siouan method of =15=: 172 _sq._
traces left by =46=: 527.

=Traveler=, the ruler of the world =37=: 316.

=Traveler’s Jokes=, Iroquois tale of =2=: 107.

=Traveling=
apparatus for, Eskimo =18=: 205-228.
distance covered in =45=: 345, 346.
Eskimo means of =9=: 328-360.
gear, Omaha and Ponka =13=: 281.
means of =45=: 108-112, 248 _sqq._, 349-355.
Navaho method of =17=: 484.
_See also_ =Travel=.

=Traverse Bay=, reservation at =18=: 756.

=Traverse des Sioux=, treaty of =18=: 784.

=Travois=, dog saddle used by the Plains Indians =14=: 527.

=Travois Game= of the Blackfeet =24=: 56.

=Travoix=, use of =27=: 275.

=Trays=
basketry, use of =45=: 225.
birch bark =44=: 389.
circular =38=: § 408-411.
classification of =38=: § 402.
coils of =41=: 165.
designs on =41=: 229.
imbrication of =41=: 227.
natural forms of =38=: § 453-457.
of the Eskimo =9=: 99 _sqq._; =18=: 70, 72.
rectangular =38=: § 403-407.
rigidity of =41=: 163.
sandstone =44=: 84.
tools used by Eskimo in making =18=: 85.
used for food =41=: 206 _sq._

=Treachery=
in warfare =38=: § 763.
of Indians in Mixton War =14=: 408.
of Indians toward Spaniards =14=: 498.

=Treason=, Wyandot law for =1=: 67.

=Treasure Boxes=, baskets used as =41=: 205.

=Treaties=
at Fort Harmar =1=: 251.
between the State of Franklin and the Cherokee =5=: 151, 152.
difficulties and defects in, regarding definition of tribal
boundaries =7=: 43 _sq._
mention of =4=: 86 _sq._
mnemonically recorded =10=: 256 _sq._
of March 22, 1816 =5=: 197, 198.
smoking in =20=: 44.
with the Assiniboin =46=: 398.
with the Indians, abolition of =18=: 640 _sq._, 858.
with the Menomini =14=: 20-31.
with the United States, account of =27=: 89, 622-625.
with the United States, Pawnee =27=: 89.
with the United States, Ponca =27=: 41.
_See also_ =Lands=; =Treaty=.

=Treaties and Purchase=
of 1721 =5=: 144.
of 1755 =5=: 145.
of 1768 =5=: 146.
of 1777 =5=: 149.
_See also_ =Treaty and Purchase=.

=Treaty=
between Confederate States and Cherokee =5=: 328.
between Iroquois and Cherokee =14=: 670.
Caddo, of 1835 =14=: 1094.
Comanche, of 1835 =14=: 1044.
effect of, on the Sioux =14=: 829.
failure of government to fulfill =14=: 710 _sqq._, 827.
Kiowa Apache, of 1865 =17=: 251.
Kiowa, of 1837 =14=: 1081; =17=: 251.
Kiowa, of 1853 =17=: 173.
Kiowa, of 1865 =17=: 178.
Kiowa, of 1866 =17=: 184.
made by the Iroquois =43=: 456.
of Butte des Morts =14=: 27.
of Edwardsville =14=: 692.
of Falmouth =43=: 174.
of Greenville =14=: 671.
of Hopewell, proceedings at =5=: 152.
of Medicine Lodge, in 1867 =14=: 957, 1044; =17=: 181, 251.
of the Prairie du Chien =7=: 112.
of 1756 =5=: 145.
of 1760 =5=: 145.
of 1761 =5=: 146.
of 1775 =5=: 148.
of November 28, 1785 =5=: 133, 158.
of July 2, 1791 =5=: 158.
of February 17, 1792 =5=: 169.
of June 26, 1794 =5=: 171.
of October 2, 1798 =5=: 174.
of October 24, 1804 =5=: 183.
of October 25, 1805 =5=: 189.
of October 27, 1805 =5=: 190.
of January 7, 1806 =5=: 193.
of September 11, 1807 =5=: 194.
of September 14, 1816 =5=: 209.
of July 8, 1817 =5=: 212.
of February 27, 1819 =5=: 219.
of May 6, 1828 =5=: 229.
of February 14, 1833 =5=: 249.
of 1835, adjudication of =5=: 305.
of 1835, declared void by the Cherokee =5=: 294.
of December 29, 1835 =5=: 253.
of March 1, 1836, supplementary =5=: 257.
of August 6, 1846 =5=: 298.
of July 19, 1866 =5=: 334.
of April 27, 1868 =5=: 340.
Sioux, of 1868 =14=: 824, 839.
Sioux, of 1876 =14=: 825.
Tawákoni, of 1837 =17=: 251.
with Plains tribes in 1835-1837 =17=: 169.
Yakima, of 1855 =14=: 737.
_See also_ =Treaties=; etc.

=Treaty and Purchase=
of 1770 =5=: 146.
of 1772 =5=: 146.
of 1773 =5=: 148.
of 1783 =5=: 151.
_See also_ =Treaties and Purchase=.

=Treaty _or_ Ridge Party of Cherokee=
feuds of =5=: 301, 302.
mention of =15=: 293.
payments to =5=: 299.
propose to remove to Mexico =5=: 302.

=Treaty Pipe= illustrated =14=: 688.

=Trebitsch, R.= =46=: 573.

=Tree=
bends and straightens at command =32=: 391.
boy living under roots of =32=: 389, 399.
climbing of =38=: § 790.
felling of, custom relating to =35=: 617.
in Ghost dance symbolism =14=: 789.
indicative of cardinal points =38=: § 783.
magic appearance of =32=: 192.
man created from roots of =32=: 168.
obstructing roadway =38=: § 789.
origin of knots on =32=: 448.
prayer to =35=: 617.
roots grown over man =32=: 705.
Serian and Yuman names for =17=: 297*, 338* =sqq.=
signs for =1=: 343, 496, 524.
sinks into the earth =32=: 410.
standing in breast of man =32=: 190.
string figures of =38=: § 670, 683-685.
use of, in Cohonino ceremony =14=: 813.
use of, in Ghost dance =14=: 802, 823, 916, 979, 1075.
used to bring people to life =32=: 138.
_See also_ =Cedar=; =Cottonwood=; =Pole=; =Tree Burial=; =Trees=;
and names of different plants and trees.

=Tree Burial=
among the ancient nations =1=: 165, 166.
among the Blackfeet =1=: 161.
among the Kwakiutl =35=: 689, 1120.
among the Menomini =14=: 241.
among the Sioux =1=: 161.
and scaffold burial =1=: 158.
and scaffold burial, Brulé Sioux =1=: 158, 160.
of Mikasuki =42=: 396.
_See also_ =Burials=; =Scaffold Burials=.

=Tree-frog Dance=
description of =42=: 531.
mention of =42=: 524.

=Tree Game=, Winnebago =37=: 123.

=Tree Men=, belief in =45=: 180 _sq._

=Tree of life=, spirits associated with =30=: 228, 229, 233.

=Tree Rock=, myths concerning =19=: 317, 467.

=Trees=
beliefs concerning =11=: 390, 482.
ceremonials relating to =11=: 456.
ceremony over =23=: 506.
Cherokee explanation of characters of =19=: 421.
collection of =23=: 506.
Eskimo account of creation of =18=: 456.
hemlock, observation of, to ascertain direction =32=: 451.
in Alaskan-Arctic district =18=: 24.
in Cherokee myths, power of =19=: 231.
in Piny Branch quarry =15=: 44.
known to the Omaha =27=: 106.
mystic, in Menomini ceremonial =14=: 90.
of Seriland =17=: 32-36.
origin of man from =32=: 144 _sq._, 146.
pictographs on =4=: 59; =10=: 213.
sacred to He´dewachi ceremony =27=: 255.
spirits associated with =30=: 171 _sq._, 228.
sprinkling of meal upon =23=: 507.
worship of, in the Antilles =34=: 208.
_See also_ =Cardinal Trees=; =Tree=.

=Tregear, Edward=, cited on mystic water monsters =16=: 214.

=Trejo, Hernando=, death of brother of =14=: 500.

=Trelease, William=, on _Entyloma crastophilum_ =19=: 1027.

=Trempealeau, Wis.=, petroglyphs at =10=: 127, 128.

=Trenton, N. J.=
gravels, study of =14=: XXXV.
pottery from near =20=: 176 _sq._

=Trepanation.= _See_ =Ancon=; =Animal=; =Antiquity=; =Trephined
Skulls=; =Trephining=.

=Trephined Skulls=, collection of =19=: XXIX.

=Trephining=
in Peru, memoir on =16=: LXXXIX, 3-72.
preparation of memoir on =15=: XXXII, XLI.

=Trial of Strength= =35=: 1125.

=Triangle Spring Hook= =38=: § 196.

=Triangles=
as an element in design =41=: 251 _sq._
false, as an element in design =41=: 253.
interpretation of =41=: 317, 321.
on vertical stripes =41=: 244.

=Triangular Baskets=
coils of =41=: 165.
term for =41=: 397.

=Triangular Figures=
appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 65 _sqq._, 79,
99 _sqq._
use of, as rain symbols =21=: 66.

=Triangular Mouth=, Hopak distinguished by =21=: 89.

=Triangular Shelter= =38=: § 294.

=Tribal=
features of the Seri =17=: 123*, 135*.
historical pictographs =4=: 207.
nomenclature, Siouan, discussion of =15=: 166.
relations of Seri =17=: 67, 77 _sq._, 83, 87, 95 _sq._, 101, 102,
103, 104, 108, 127*-134*.
symbolic designation =4=: 165.

=Tribal Activities=, definition of =22, i=: X.

=Tribal Circles=
Omaha =3=: 219, 220, 286.
Osage =27=: 58-61.
Ponca =27=: 42.
_See also_ =Hu´thuga=.

=Tribal Council, Omaha= =3=: 361.

=Tribal Divisions=
movements of =36=: 60.
of the Osage =39=: 82; =45=: 549.

=Tribal Dual Division=, references to =40=: 42, 43, 275, 361, 363,
365, 385, 475, 505, 517, 548.

=Tribal Government=
based on kinship =1=: 68, 69.
development of =27=: 199-202.
_See also_ =Chieftainship=.

=Tribal Land=, classification of =7=: 40.

=Tribal Names=, classification of =24=: XXIV _sq._

=Tribal Organization=
Assiniboin =46=: 430 _sq._
dual form of =39=: 66.
Kansa =27=: 141.
not affected by division of tribe =36=: 45.
Omaha, basic principles of =27=: 134, 141, 194-198, 402.
Omaha, disintegrating tendencies of =27=: 199 _sqq._, 402 _sq._
Osage =27=: 57 _sq._, 62 _sqq._, 140 _sq._
Ponca =27=: 140 _sq._
Quapaw =27=: 140 _sq._
Seri =17=: 275 _sqq._
symbolic expressions of =36=: 50.
_See also_ =Tribal Government=.

=Tribal Pipes.= _See_ =Pipes=.

=Tribal Signs=
mention of =1=: 458.
_See also_ =Sign, Tribal=.

=Tribal Society=
a study of Wyandot =1=: 59-69.
grouping of people in =20=: XCI.

=Tribe=
assembly of =35=: 1363 _sq._, 1377.
barbarous, government of =20=: CIV-CXI.
barbarous, definition of the term =20=: XCII.
division of =45=: 150, 261, 374.
feature of =19=: XLIX, L.
gentile, religion of =20=: CIX.
organization of =17=: XXXII.
political authority of =47=: 478.
regulations of =45=: 155.
rights of, in case of murder =42=: 343.
savage, government of =20=: XCI-CIV.
_See also_ =Peoples=; =Tribal ----=; =Tribes=.

=Tribe of the Fork=, study of history of =30=: 19, 20.

=Tribes=
and peoples, Tewa name for =29=: 573 _et seq._
classification of =22, i=: X.
cyclopedia of native, work on =22, i=: XXXVII.
divisions of =46=: 404.
known to Tewa =29=: 38, 573.
list of, described by Denig =46=: 378.
migrations of =46=: 405 _sq._
Pueblo, prehistoric migrations of, study of =22, i=: XVIII _sq._
rank of =35=: 758.
separation of =46=: 405.
Tlingit, distinction between northern and southern =26=: 398.
Tlingit, history of =26=: 407-414.
Tlingit, list of =26=: 396.
Tlingit, towns of =26=: 397.
_See also_ =Tȧlwa=; =Towns=; =Tribe=.

=Tribute=
among the Kwakiutl =35=: 1031, 1039.
to chief =35=: 1333-1344.

=Tricks= with string =38=: p. 500-550 (Ch. XXIV).

=Trickster=
offerings to =37=: 441.
stories of =37=: 424 _sq._
world ruled by =37=: 316.

=Trifid Symbol=, appearance of, in representations of Hopi katcinas
=21=: 71.

=Triggs, W. A.=, mound on farm of, Arkansas =12=: 247.

=Trike=
meaning of number words in =19=: 879.
method of forming numbers =19=: 872, 908, 930.

=Trill, C. F.=, drawings made by =2=: 251.

=Trillium Grandiflorum=
medicinal constituents of =44=: 305.
medicinal properties of =44=: 303.
use of =44=: 294, 362.

=Trillium Ovatum= =45=: 472.

=Trinchera=
comparison of, with “fort” =28=: 187, 218.
construction of, rare in Pueblo region =28=: 220.
definition of =17=: 550.
found in Sonora =16=: LXIV, LXVIII.
in Red Rock country =17=: 549, 550.
visit to =17=: XL.

=Trinidad=
archeological reconnaissance of =25=: XV.
archeological work in =34=: 9.
culture area of =34=: 62-78.
description of =34=: 63.
named by Columbus =34=: 63.
native houses of =25=: 46 _sq._
natives of =34=: 63 _sqq._
number of specimens from =34=: 49.
objects from, compared with others =34=: 75 _sqq._
pottery of =34=: 60, 67-74.
prehistoric culture of =25=: 190.
visit of Dr. J. W. Fewkes to =25=: 17.

=Trinity River Indians.= _See_ =Hoopah=; =Hupa=.

=Trio Indians=
beliefs of the =30=: 363.
food of the =30=: 296, 297.
legend of, on creation =30=: 145.
names of the =30=: 304.
ordeals among the =30=: 278.
talismans used by the =30=: 288.

=Triosteum Perfoliatum=
fruit of, used as a charm =42=: 502.
medicinal use of =42=: 667.

=Triplets=
Seri ideas concerning =17=: 281*.
supernatural power of =42=: 615.

=Tripod Bottles= =4=: 420, 421.

=Tripod Group= of Chiriquian pottery =6=: 97-107.

=Tripod Vessels=
Gulf Coast region, absence of =20=: 115.
Middle Mississippi Valley =20=: 93.

=Tritelia Grandiflora= =45=: 481, 482, 508, 511.

=Triticum Sativum Lam.= _See_ =Wheat=.

=Triumph, Songs of= =39=: 229, 232, 301.

=Troano Codex _or_ Manuscript=
bird symbol in the =16=: 251.
burden bearers symbolized in =16=: 247.
_caban_ symbol in =16=: 254.
_cauac_ day symbol in =16=: 259.
_chicchan_ symbol in =16=: 229.
_chuen_ symbol in =16=: 241.
_cimi_ symbol in =16=: 231.
cited =19=: 809, 810.
copy of, by Brasseur =6=: 285, 286, 343.
corn god in =16=: 227.
discussion of glyphs in =16=: 216, 224, 225, 234, 256, 260, 261, 262.
dominical days of =19=: 705.
_eb_ symbol in =16=: 243.
_edznab_ symbol in =16=: 258.
_ix_ symbol in =16=: 248.
mat symbol in =16=: 246.
_oc_ symbol in =16=: 239.
on _cauac_ day symbol from =19=: 671.
_pak_ symbol in =16=: 247.
references to =1=: 234; =3=: 7, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 37, 39, 57,
63; =22, i=: 252, 253.
snake symbol in =16=: 247.
stilt-walking figure in =24=: 731.
symbolic figures in =16=: 219.

=Trocadero Museum, Paris=
specimen in =34=: 213.
stone collar in =34=: 195.

=Troja=, cited =4=: 63, 252.

=Troncoso, Francisco=, on Seri population and navigation =17=: 82,
135*.

=Troncoso, Paso y.= _See_ =Paso=.

=Troops=
appearance of, among the Sioux =14=: 847, 850.
conduct of, at Wounded Knee =14=: 876.
effect of, on Ghost dance =14=: 853.
effect on Sioux of appearance of =14=: 852.
formed of Indians =14=: 891.
killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 871.
necessity for, in Sioux outbreak =14=: 832.
number of, in Sioux outbreak =14=: 850, 866.

=Troost, _Dr._ Gerard=, shell objects collected by =2=: 224.

=Trope=, development of =19=: XC _sq._

=Trophies=
among Northern Indians =11=: 274.
of war =38=: § 764.
use of, in ceremonial =11=: 121.

=Tropical Animals= known to mound-builders =2=: 142.

=Trott, Nicholas=, cited on South Carolina’s Indian policy =18=: 633.

=Trotter, H. G.=, acknowledgment to =19=: 13.

=Troughs=
drinking, Guiana Indian =38=: § 377, 384, 848.
of the Menomini =14=: 257.

=Troup, _Governor_ ----=
on Cherokee refusal to remove =19=: 115.
on relations of Cherokee to Georgia =5=: 237.

=Troupial=, taming of =38=: § 724.

=Trousers= worn by the Eskimo =18=: 30-36.

=Trout=
Eskimo implements for catching =18=: 179.
_See also_ =Fish=.

=Trout (Lake)=, chemical composition of =19=: 1082.

=Trowbridge, ----=, Menomini and Winnebago treaty by =14=: 25.

=Trowels=
clay, Eastern United States =20=: 25, 35 _sq._
clay, Middle Mississippi Valley =20=: 83, 99 _sq._
made of pottery =41=: 547.

=Troyville, La.=, character of ware found in mound at =20=: 103.

=Truckee River, Nev.=, petroglyphs on =10=: 93.

=Trudeau, C. L.=, quoted on Spanish policy toward Indians =18=: 544
_sq._

=True, _Dr._ R. H.=, acknowledgment to =30=: 38.

=“True” Witch Story=, Iroquois account of =2=: 71.

=Trujillo, José=, probably killed at Shuñopovi =17=: 600.

=Truli, _Manicaria saccifera_=
a source of water supply =38=: § 254.
fruit of, eaten =38=: § 247.
leaves of, used for thatch =38=: § 319.
use of, for fire-stick =38=: § 1.
use of spathe of, for hat =38=: § 518.

=Trumbull, Benjamin=, quoted on Connecticut’s Indian policy =18=:
612-616.

=Trumbull, _Dr._ J. Hammond=
aid of =5=: XXXV.
cited =4=: 97.
information by, regarding Illinois dictionary =24=: 230.
Natick dictionary by =21=: XXV, XXVI; =22, i=: XXXI; =23=: XXXVII.
Natick dictionary of, cited =28=: 275.
Natick forms of =28=: 272.
on composition of Indian words =1=: 351.
on name Tallige´wi =19=: 184.
on the derivation of Caddo =7=: 59.
on the derivation of “Sioux” =7=: 111; =15=: 157.
preparation of Natick dictionary by =20=: XXI.

=Trumpet=
of the Guiana Indians =38=: § 556-559, 851.
use of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 54.
used in ceremonies =30=: 137.

=Trumpet-form Pipes=
Eastern United States pottery =20=: 45.
_See also_ =Pipes=.

=Trumpeter Bird=
plumage of, origin of =30=: 212.
warnings by =30=: 275 _sq._

=Trumpetwood.= _See_ =Cecropia=.

=Trunk Baskets=, mention of =41=: 205 _sq._

=Trunks= worn in dances by the Eskimo =18=: 420 _sq._

=Truro=, purchase of land by =18=: 606.

=Trussel, _Mrs._ Ramona=, information furnished by =44=: 62.

=Trust and Credit= =38=: § 820.

=Truxillo=, adventure of, with the Devil =14=: 481.

=Trysil.= _See_ =Pentaclethra=.

=Tsabakosh=, Caddo name of the Sioux =14=: 1057.

=Tsä´dal-t’aiñ.= _See_ =Swan=.

=Tsăga´sĭ=, Cherokee fairy =19=: 334.

=Tsague´dî, _Tlingit clan_=
affinity of =26=: 410.
crests of =26=: 416, 457.
phratry and tribe of =26=: 399.

=Tsa´lăgĭ´=
meaning and inflection of =19=: 15 _sq._, 182 _sq._
_See also_ =Synonymy=.

=Tsâli.= _See_ =Charley=; =Whitacre, C. W.=

=Tsamak Tribe=, mention of =7=: 99.

=Tsanĭ=, Cherokee war chief in 1776 =19=: 381.

=Tsantawû=, contact with Little People by =19=: 334.

=Tsa´ntîk!î-hīn=, Tlingit town =26=: 397.

=Tsä´ñyui=, a Kiowa military order =14=: 989; =17=: 230.

=Tsa´răgĭ´.= _See_ =Synonymy=; =Tsa´lăgĭ=.

=Tsararak=, Wapishana harpoon arrow =38=: § 143.

=Tsăsta´wĭ=, legend concerning =19=: 408.

=Tsat!ēnyē´dî, _Tlingit clan_=
history of =26=: 412.
phratry and tribe of =26=: 399.

=Tsauda and Halus=, tale of =31=: 297-306, 855.

=Tsăwa´sĭ=, Cherokee fairy =19=: 334.

=Tsáyădítl-ti.= _See_ =White-Man=.

=Tschaddam Religion=, account of the =14=: 751.

=Tschantoga=, an Assiniboin division =15=: 161.

=Tschudi, _Dr._ J. J. von=
on pictographs =4=: 45.
on the quipu of the Peruvians =4=: 79 _sq._

=Tschukschi=
method of forming numbers over ten =19=: 913.
_See also_ =Chukchi=.

=Ṭse-do´-ga Iⁿ-dse Gens=
ceremonial place of =36=: 121.
mention of =39=: 62.
office of =39=: 93.
personal names of =43=: 152 _sq._
silent during ceremony =36=: 121.
symbol of =39=: 50.

=Tsedu´ga Gens=, Kansa =27=: 67.

=Tségi (Tsegi _or_ Tse-gi) Canyon=
and Tusayan pottery, comparison of =17=: 623.
formerly occupied by Hopi clans =17=: 658.
Navaho name of Canyon de Chelly =16=: 79, 85.
_See also_ =Canyon de Chelly=.

=Tse-i-ya-kin=, Navaho name of the Mummy Cave ruins =16=: 112.

=Tséñ-â´dalka-i=, a Kiowa military order =17=: 230.

=Tseñ-kónkyä.= _See_ =Black Horse=.

=Tseñ-t’äiñte=
hostile declaration of =17=: 190.
portrait of =17=: 191.
_See also_ =White Horse=.

=Tseñtä´nmo=, a Kiowa military order =14=: 989; =17=: 230.

=Tse-on-i-tso-si Canyon=
location of =16=: 85.
ruin in =16=: 101.

=Tsĕsa´nĭ=
Cherokee story teller =19=: 237.
myth told by =19=: 463.

=Tsĕ´si-Ska´tsĭ.= _See_ =Reid, Jesse=.

=Ṭse Thoⁿ´-ka Gens=
only survivor of =43=: 153.
wi´-gi-e of =36=: 132 _sq._

=Tsetsaut=
games of the =24=:
cat’s cradle 767.
shinny 624.

=Ṭse-zhiⁿ´-ga-wa-da-iⁿ-ga=, an informant =36=: 153, 155, 274; =39=:
d 83, 213.

=Tshayro-tshoan Kaw=, Menomini treaty signer =14=: 28.

=Tshekatshakemau=, genealogy of =14=: 45, 52.

=Tshinkitani= or Koluschan tribe =7=: 86.

=Tshisaqka.= _See_ =Jugglers=.

=Tsi.´a=, specially designed for burdens =41=: 199.

=Ṭsi-go.= _See_ =Grandfather=.

=Tsilkotin=
hand game of the =24=: 273.
_See also_ =Chilkotin=.

=Tsillane=, an Okanagon division =14=: 734.

=Tsimshian Indians=
aboriginal neighbors of the Tlingit =26=: 414.
brief description of the =31=: 43 _sqq._
deities of the =26=: 451, 454.
exogamy and totemism among the =31=: 475.
four groups among the =31=: 480.
games, mention of =26=: 443.
games of the =24=:
hand games 273.
stick games 240, 246.
tops 736.
habitat of the =31=: 43.
linguistic studies among the =24=: XXII.
list of proper and place names of =31=: 959-966.
mythology =36=: 30.
mythology, paper on, by Dr. F. Boas =34=: 26; =36=: 20; =37=: 27.
myths =31=: 58-392.
name =31=: 43.
name for Southern Tlingit =31=: 44.
names of tribes =31=: 482.
organization =31=: 482-485.
proximity to Haida =26=: 476.
published texts of =23=: XXXVI, XLIII.
relationship terms =31=: 489.
relationship terms, compared with Tlingit and Haida =31=: 490 _sq._
relationship terms, contrast between Kwakiutl and =31=: 493 _sq._
secret societies and ceremonies of =10=: 512.
secret society dance of =26=: 436.
tattooing of the =10=: 217.
tradition of the =10=: 217.
_See also_ =Tsimshian Language=.

=Tsimshian Coast=, source of Tlingit =26=: 407, 411, 414.

=Tsimshian Language=
grammatical notes on =26=: XXII.
three principal dialects in =31=: 482.
vocabulary of, preparation of =20=: XXI.

=Tsi´nahe=, acknowledgment to =30=: 38.

=Tsinūk=
burial sacrifice of the =1=: 179.
_See also_ =Chinook=.

=Tsipiakwe=, home of =28=: 220.

=Tsi´uthuga=, Osage tribal circle =27=: 58-61.

=Ṭsi´-zhu=
a great division of the Osage =39=: 83, 84, 205; =45=: 549.
gens, Kansa =27=: 67.
gentes belonging to =39=: 84.
kinship group, Osage =27=: 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 _sq._
one of the two tribal divisions =36=: 51.
origin of people of the =36=: 59.
songs belonging to =39=: 77.

=Ṭsi´-zhu Great Division=
ceremonial position of =36=: 83.
gentes of =36=: 84.
origin myth of =36=: 238.

=Ṭsi´-zhu Seven Fireplaces=, places of, in ceremony =39=: 84.

=Ṭsi´-zhu Wa-noⁿ Gens=
a gens of the Ṭsi´-zhu division =39=: 43.
a war gens =39=: 243.
mention of =39=: 177.
offices of =39=: 92.
personal names of =43=: 144 _sqq._
symbol of =39=: 50.
symbolic hair cut of =43=: 92.
war symbol of =36=: 119.
wi´-gi-e of =36=: 118-121.

=Ṭsi´-zhu Wa-shta´-ge Gens=
animals used by, as symbols =39=: 244.
as peacemaker =39=: 260.
Ḳi´-noⁿ wi´-gi-e of =36=: 285 _sq._
Ni-ḳi wi´-gi-e of =36=: 274.
office of =39=: 260, 264.
personal names of =43=: 146-152.
songs belonging to =39=: 290.
songs closing ritual of =39=: 326.
subgentes of =43=: 91.
_See also_ =Peace Gentes of the Ṭsi´-zhu=; =Red Eagle Gens=.

=Ṭsi´-zhu We-ha-ge Gens=, wi´-gi-e of =36=: 130 _sqq._

=Tskĭl-e´gwa.= _See_ =Big Witch=.

=Tsódal-héñte=, Kiowa name of William Allison =17=: 283.

=Tso-di-a´-ko’s Report= in signs =1=: 524.

=Tsó-k`odalte.= _See_ =Stone Necklace=.

=Tsóñbohón=, a Kiowa chief =17=: 164, 263.

=Tsonnontouan=, mention of =43=: 455.

=Tsubirawá=, “baboon throat” leaf baskets =38=: § 453-457.

=Tsuga Canadensis=
beverage made from =44=: 317.
medicinal constituents of =44=: 305.
medicinal properties of =44=: 303.
use of =44=: 294, 307, 356, 369.

=Tsuga Mertensiana= =45=: 500.

=Tsul`kălû´=, myths concerning =19=: 262, 337 _sqq._, 407, 410, 432,
477-480.

=Tsundige´wi=, myth of =19=: 325, 471 _sq._

=Tsunu´luhûñ´skĭ.= _See_ =Januluska=.

=Tsuskwănûñ´năwa´ta.= _See_ =Wafford=.

=Tsuwe´năhĭ=, myth of =19=: 343 _sqq._, 480 _sq._

=Tuálati Indians=
rock etchings of the =4=: 25, 26.
tradition of the =10=: 105.

=Tuaña=, or demons of the Eskimo =9=: 431-434.

=Tŭ-atá=, native name of Taos =14=: 575.

=Tub Baskets= =38=: § 438.

=Tub-shaped Baskets= =41=: 207.

=Tubac=
references to =28=: 57.
seat of first garrison in Arizona =26=: 28.

=Tubari Language=
analysis of Lumholtz’s vocabulary of =17=: LIV.
study of =16=: XXI, XLI, XLV, XLIX, LVIII, LXXIV.
work on =15=: LXXXV.

=Tubeboli Manas=, pictures of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 42.

=Tuberculosis=
among the Pima =26=: 156.
among the Western Eskimo =46=: 362.
at Laguna =47=: 54.
remedy used for =42=: 659.
_See also_ =Consumption=.

=Tubers=, use of, as food =45=: 452.

=Tubes=
bone, from Awatobi =17=: 627.
bone, from Pueblo ruins, description of =22, i=: 94 _sq._
bone, used in treatment of disease =14=: 149.
described and figured =13=: 126.
for taking snuff, Eskimo =18=: 275.

=Tubi=, Oraibi chief, quoted =4=: 29, 46, 194.

=Tubic Clan=, mention of =19=: 583.

=Tubs=
of the Eskimo =9=: 86 _sqq._; =18=: 72.
tools used by Eskimo in making =18=: 85.

=Tubuscabor=, Pima village =26=: 20.

=Tubutama Mission=, reference to =28=: 56.

=Tuçan.= _See_ =Tucano=.

=Tucano=
name applied to Tusayan =17=: 595.
probably same as Tetonteac =19=: 599.
_See also_ =Tusayan=.

=Tucano Indians=
burial customs of the =30=: 158.
names of the =30=: 306.

=Tuckabatches’ Town=
brass plates preserved in =42=: 504.
_See also_ =Tukabahchee=.

=Tuckaleechee and Southeastern Trail= =42=: 750, 772.

=Tuckasegee=
destruction of, in 1781 =19=: 59.
origin of the name =42=: 773.

=Tucayan=, name applied to Tusayan =17=: 595.

=Tucker, F.=, mention of =46=: 31.

=Tucker, _Miss_ Mae W.=
appointment of =42=: 19.
work of =43=: 6, 19; =44=: 4, 18; =45=: 2, 4 _sq._, 19; =46=: 16;
=47=: 14; =48=: 19, 21.

=Tucker’s=, Lower Yukon =46=: 68.

=Tucson, Ariz.=
growth of =26=: 28 _sq._
lawlessness in =26=: 58.
mortar cavities in =26=: 99.
occupation of, by Confederate forces =26=: 48.
references to =28=: 34, 54, 65.

=Tucum, _Astrocaryum sp._=
bow string =38=: § 127.
hammock =38=: § 461.

=Tufa, Volcanic=, objects made from =34=: 115-118.

=Tug of War=, played by the Eskimo =18=: 338.

=Tug River=
route down north fork of =42=: 770.
trail from, to Guyandot =42=: 771.

=Tugălû´nă Fish=, myth concerning =19=: 289, 455.

=Tuggle, W. O.=, on Creek and Seminole ball game myths =24=: 606.

=Tuggle Collection=
myths from =42=: 111 _sq._, 508 _sq._
of Creek myths =19=: 431, 432, 434 _sqq._, 447-450, 452, 455, 463,
469, 473, 476.
of Creek songs =19=: 504.

=Tuhucmach= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Tuilla Valley=, treaty of =18=: 830.

=Tukabachi=
visit of Tecumtha to =14=: 687.
_See also_ =Tukabahchee=.

=Tukabahchee=
allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204.
arrangement of square ground of =42=: 217 _sq._, 244, 245, 246.
assistant chiefs of, of one clan =42=: 285.
belief of, concerning busk =42=: 546.
busk ceremonial of =42=: 605 _sq._
ceremonial title of =42=: 307.
clan councils of =42=: 124.
clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192, 194.
clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 159 _sq._
enclosure at, for sacred vessels =42=: 186.
esoteric title of =42=: 250.
first busk fire built in =42=: 547.
friendship of, with Coweta =42=: 65-69.
Green Corn dance of =42=: 506.
head war town of Upper Creeks =42=: 307.
hothouse of, description of =42=: 179 _sq._
marriage customs of =42=: 373 _sq._
mention of square of =42=: 504.
names applied to =42=: 64.
one of four leading towns =42=: 548.
organization of =42=: 283 _sq._
origin myths of =42=: 64, 65 _sq._
place of general assembly =42=: 311.
place of rotunda at =42=: 181.
plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 218 _sq._, 247, 248.
position of beds at =42=: 198.
position of, in Confederacy =42=: 327, 328.
square of, description of =42=: 185.
stomp dances of =42=: 557 _sq._
story concerning sacred plates of =42=: 307.
story regarding =42=: 69.
town emblem of =42=: 243.
union of, with Coweta =42=: 68.
Upper Creek Red town =42=: 124, 255.
use of black drink at =42=: 541.
_See also_ =Tuckabatches’ Town=; =Tukabachi=; =Tuket-Batchet=.

=Tukabahchee Miko=
belief of, concerning the earth =42=: 477.
information from =42=: 479, 480.
knowledge possessed by =42=: 66.
medicine maker of Upper Creeks =42=: 477.

=Tukabahchee Plates=, origin of =42=: 66.

=Tukala Dance=, obtained from the Dakotas =3=: 354.

=Tuket-Batchet=
Creek assemblies held at =42=: 46.
received by the Creeks =42=: 46.
_See also_ =Tukabahchee=.

=Tukinobi=, ruin of, description of =17=: 589.

=Tukkabachee Mikko=, brass plates exhibited by =42=: 506.

=Tukpafka=
a White town =42=: 254.
allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204.
arrangement of square ground of =42=: 213 _sq._, 230.
clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192.
clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 158 _sq._
plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 214, 231.
position of beds at =42=: 198.

=Tûkspû´sh=, sketch of the =14=: 743.

=Tûkspûsh-`lêma=, a Tûkspû´sh synonym =14=: 743.

=Tukuarika=
habitat of =7=: 109.
population of =7=: 110.

=Tukui=, Makusi name for humming bird =38=: § 587.

=Tukupi Sauce= =38=: § 248.

=Tukutchi=, fish arrow =38=: § 132, 139.

=Tukuyuha=, description of =30=: 171, 366.

=Tula=, custom of =42=: 702.

=Tulalip Reserve=, executive order affecting =18=: 868.

=Tulare Indian=
dice game of the =24=: 145.
mention of the =4=: 234.

=Tularosa, Rio=, ruined pueblos on =22, i=: 180.

=Tularosa River Reserve=
discontinuance of =18=: 878.
establishment of =18=: 854.

=Tule=
or flag, roots used as food =9=: 520 _sq._
pollen used in Navaho ceremony =14=: 705.
use of =45=: 497.
use of, in basketry =41=: 145, 148.

=Tule Indian=
brought to Washington =42=: 10.
illustration of ornamentation by =6=: 219.
land cessions and reservations =18=: 814, 860, 864 _sqq._, 892.
language of =42=: 10.
manuscript on music of =42=: 15.
study of music of =42=: 15 _sq._

=Tule River Agency, Calif.=
petroglyphs at =10=: 52-56.
weaving grass figure at =4=: 78.
Yokuts at =4=: 52, 78.

=Tule River Province= =4=: 31, 33, 37, 234.

=Tule River Reserve=
act authorizing =18=: 831.
changes in =18=: 864 _sqq._, 892.
establishment of =18=: 814, 860.
removal of Indians to =18=: 789.

=Tullahoma, Tenn.=, meaning of the name =42=: 850.

=Tullentuskee, _Chief_=, land sold by =42=: 841.

=Tullock-chish-ko=, Cherokee ball player =24=: 600.

=Tulsa=
busk name of =42=: 614.
clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 194.
length of busk of =42=: 590.
mention of =42=: 39, 53.
migration legend of =42=: 52 _sq._
mythical origin of name =42=: 70, 72 _sq._

=Tulsa Canadian=
a White town =42=: 254.
arrangement of square ground of =42=: 209, 215.
clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192.
position of beds at =42=: 198.

=Tulsa Little River=
allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204.
arrangement of square ground of =42=: 208 _sq._
clan councils of =42=: 123.
clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192.
clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 158 _sq._
plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 214.
position of beds at =42=: 198.
Upper Creek White town =42=: 123, 254.

=Tulukhtulig=, mention of =46=: 200.

=Tumacacori=, ruins near =36=: 11.

=Tumae=, description of =21=: 104.

=Tu´maka=, account of revolt of 1680 given by =23=: 287 _sqq._

=Tumas=
description of =21=: 68, 69.
flogging by =21=: 36.
member of Tuñwup group =21=: 70.
participation in Powamû festival by =21=: 67.
personation of, in Powamû dance =21=: 33.

=Tumbleweed=, eaten by the Zuñi =30=: 59.

=Tumlin, G. H.=, mound group on land of, Georgia =12=: 292.

=Tump Lines=, use of =45=: 108, 249.

=Tumulus.= _See_ =Saint George=.

=Tumwater=
land cessions and reservations =18=: 800, 818.
Smohalla performance at =14=: 725.

=Tuna=
harvest of the Seri =17=: 206* _sqq._
native American fruit =14=: 515.
preserve made of =14=: 487.

=Tunâ´ĭ Legend=, mention of =19=: 373.

=Tunā´x̣e=
an extinct Flathead tribe =45=: 295.
bands of =45=: 310 _sq._
baskets sold by =41=: 135.
characteristics of =45=: 325.
dialect of =45=: 303.
habitat of =45=: 306.
meaning of the name =45=: 297.
overwhelmed by Blackfoot =45=: 317.

=Tundra=
assimilation of skeletal remains by =46=: 77, 79, 111, 118, 136,
184, 185.
character of =46=: 75, 112.

=Tunes=
of the Eskimo =9=: 388 _sq._
_See also_ =Music=; =Song=; =Songs=.

=Tunghät=
Eskimo beliefs concerning =18=: 394, 395, 427-430, 434, 441, 443.
Eskimo mask representing =18=: 400, 401, 403, 404, 407, 412, 413.
Eskimo rites relating to =18=: 384, 385.

=Tunica Indians=
customs of the =42=: 710.
head flattening of the =42=: 686.
linguistic material of the =30=: 19.
linguistic work among the =8=: XXI.
reference to pottery of =42=: 690.
researches among the =28=: 12; =30=: 18.
wigwams of, description of =41=: 552.

=Tunica Language=
dictionary of the =27=: 9; =29=: 13.
grammatical sketch of the =39=: 13.
_See also_ =Tunica Indians=.

=Tunican Culture Area=, features of =42=: 716 _sq._

=Tunican Group=
linguistic relations of =42=: 678.
tattooing practiced by the =42=: 686.

=Tunicha Mountain=
description of =17=: 477.
reference to =16=: 84, 85.

=Tunika.= _See_ =Tunica=.

=Tunkan=, belief in the =11=: 447.

=Tunkhannock, Pa.=, vessel from near =20=: 166.

=Tunneling=, aboriginal =44=: 536.

=Tununirmiut Eskimo Tribe=, situation of =6=: 442 _sqq._

=Tununirusirmiut Eskimo Tribe=, situation of =6=: 442 _sqq._

=Tununuk=
description of =18=: 251.
implement from =18=: 156.
memorial images at =18=: 317 _sq._

=Tuñwup=
derivation of =21=: 125.
description of =21=: 69.
function of, in Powamû festival =21=: 67, 68, 69.
personation of, in Powamû dance =21=: 33.
regular appearance of =21=: 17.

=Tuñwup Group=, personages of =21=: 70.

=Tuñwup Katcinas=, flogging by =21=: 36.

=Tuñwup Taadta=, derivation of =21=: 125.

=Tuñwup Taamu=
description of =21=: 70.
member of Tuñwup group =21=: 70.
participation in Powamû festival by =21=: 67.

=Tunxis Tribe=
absorbed by the Mohegan =43=: 207.
account of the =43=: 209.
sale of land by =18=: 616.

=Tuopá=, Picurís name for Taos =14=: 575.

=Tupac Amaru=, a Peruvian hero god =14=: 660.

=Tupĕk.= _See_ =Tents=, _of the Eskimo_.

=Tupelo=, Chickasaw Old Fields near =44=: 177.

=Tuphanikwa=, description of =18=: 252.

=Tuphulga Village=, reservation at =18=: 706.

=Tupi Indians=, belief in God among the =30=: 118 _sq._

=Tupi Language=, trade language based on =19=: 187.

=Tupinagugim.= _See_ =Topinagugim=.

=Túpkabi.= _See_ =Canyon de Chelly=.

=Tupper, _Major_ ----=, pursuit of Sioux by =14=: 861.

=Tupubi=, definition of =8=: 176.

=Turalla=, Carib charm or talisman =38=: § 822.

=Turbans=, use of =42=: 525.

=Turczaninow, ----=, on scientific synonym for wild rice =19=: 1021.

=Turé=, reed instrument =38=: § 573.

=Turf=
Eskimo buildings of =18=: 244, 251.
monuments in England =10=: 172 _sq._, 212.

=Turk=
communications of, with the Devil =14=: 503.
Coronado’s version of stories of =14=: 580.
execution of =14=: 509, 589, 590.
motive of, in misleading Coronado =14=: 588.
name of Indian slave who described Quivira =14=: 394.
reports of stories told by =14=: 576.
stories of =14=: 491.
stories of, told by Castañeda =14=: 592.

=Turkey=
as a cause of death =40=: 199.
boy converted into =32=: 280.
domestication of =42=: 694.
feathers, appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 71,
89, 100, 102, 103, 105, 107.
feathers on Cheyenne arrows =14=: 1024.
feathers, use of =47=: 660, 667.
feathers, use of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 46.
how fed by the Zuñi =30=: 59.
in Pueblo region =14=: 491, 521.
kept for feathers =47=: 274.
mention of =21=: 80.
myths and lore concerning =11=: 36; =19=: 269 _sq._, 285, 287
_sq._, 449, 455.
oil of, potency in healing =32=: 159.
plumes, use of, for garments =14=: 517.
representation of, Florida mortuary pottery =20=: 124.
skin of, robes made from =32=: 278.
symbol in the codices =16=: 240, 261.
use of, by Pueblo Indians =22, i=: 27 _sq._
_See also_ =Duhos=; =Koyona=.

=Turkey Buzzard=, carving of the =2=: 145.

=Turkey Clan=
associations of =42=: 145.
native names for =42=: 115.
size of =47=: 35.
story concerning =42=: 108.

=Turkey Creek=, explanation as to name of =28=: 207.

=Turkey Creek Prairie=, treaty of =18=: 756.

=Turkey Dance=, performance of =42=: 577, 603, 610.

=Turkey Feathers.= _See_ =Turkey=.

=Turkey Neck=, Apache-Pima fight at =26=: 45.

=Turkey, Scrub.= _See_ =Maam=.

=Turkey Tank Caves, Ariz.=, description of =22, i=: 38 _sq._

=Turkey Town=
siege and relief of =19=: 90.
treaty ratified at, in 1816 =19=: 98.
treaty of =18=: 682.

=Türkinobi=, mention of =21=: 51.

=Turkish Love-letter=, mention of =10=: 368.

=Turks Island, Fla.=, European ware from near =20=: 130.

=Turkwinû=
derivation of =21=: 95, 105, 124.
description of =21=: 105.
mask of, kept by Walpi Pakab clan =21=: 95.

=Turkwinû Mana=
derivation of =21=: 124.
description of =21=: 105.

=Turned Design=, use of, in decoration, Middle Mississippi Valley
pottery =20=: 100.

=Turner.= _See_ =Whipple, Ewbank, _and_ Turner=.

=Turner=
discovery of branches of Athapascan family in Oregon by =7=: 52.
Eskimo researches of =7=: 73.
linguistic literature of =7=: 18.
on the Keresan language =7=: 83.
on the Kiowan family =7=: 84.
on the Piman family =7=: 98.
Yuman researches of =7=: 137.
Zuñian researches of =7=: 138.

=Turner, _Doctor_ ----=, cited =30=: 48.

=Turner, _Prof._ Frederic J.=, acknowledgment to =19=: 1019.

=Turner, _Rev._ George=, quoted on tattooing =4=: 77.

=Turner, H. C.=, visit of, to Zuñi =5=: 542.

=Turner, _Prof._ Lucien M.=
acknowledgment to =9=: 20.
cited =6=: 420, 462, 520, 565, 567, 608 note.
cited on Eskimo kaiaks =9=: 332.
cited on Eskimo ornaments =9=: 390.
cited on Eskimo records =9=: 177.
cited on Eskimo seal darts =9=: 214.
cited on Eskimo seal nets =9=: 252.
cited on Eskimo umiaks =9=: 343.
contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189.
ethnologic specimens collected by =18=: 56, 65, 101, 102, 116, 144,
145, 152, 158, 161, 199, 204, 223.
Eskimo lamps described by =9=: 108.
head preserved as a mask figured by =3=: 94.
material collected by =24=: 540, 544, 548, 700, 737.
memoir by, on ethnology of the Ungava district =11=: 167.
mention of =46=: 373.
obituary of =48=: 1221.
on ball juggling, Nascapee =24=: 712.
on football, Eskimo =24=: 700 _sq._
on football, Labrador Eskimo =24=: 700.
on hand game, Labrador Eskimo =24=: 283.
on ring and pin, Nascapee =24=: 540.
on ring and pin, Labrador Eskimo =24=: 548.
review of report on Ungava district of =11=: XLI.
shaman mask collected in Alaska by =3=: 133.
work of =8=: XXVIII; =10=: XXIV.

=Turner, _Dr._ L. S.=, on scaffold burial, Dakota =1=: 163.

=Turner, Nathaniel=, purchase of land by =18=: 616.

=Turner, W.=, mention of =46=: 313.

=Turner Island.= _See_ =Isla Turner=.

=Turner Mounds, Ohio=, figurines found in =20=: 183.

=Turner’s Narrative=, review of =1=: 165.

=Turning-around=, ceremonial of =35=: 630, 708.

=Turning Bear=, flight of, to Bad Lands =14=: 884.

=Turning Hawk=
delegate to Washington =14=: 891.
on Wounded Knee massacre =14=: 884, 885, 886.

=Turning the Child=
among the Omaha =27=: 117-122, 199 _sq._, 401.
among the Ponca =27=: 44 _sq._

=Turnoa=, Flute chief at Walpi =19=: 1001-1004.

=Turnpike= following Indian trails =42=: 744.

=Turpockwa=
appearance of, in Soyaluña =21=: 25.
description of =21=: 79.
similarity of symbolism of, to that of Palakwayo =21=: 77.

=Turquoise=
among Indians of the Lower Mississippi =13=: 25.
brought from the north by Sonora Indians =14=: 357.
collection of, by Estevan =14=: 474.
deposit of =29=: 492 _sqq._
found at Honanki =17=: 573.
gift to gods of war =47=: 669.
in Pima legend =28=: 46 _sq._
in Pima mythology =26=: 222, 248.
in shell work =28=: 144.
mine =2=: 433.
mine, collection from =2=: 450.
mosaic work in =28=: 131.
mosaics of the Hopi =17=: 662.
necklaces in Tusayan costumery =16=: 282.
objects from Elden Pueblo =43=: 3.
objects in Sikyatki graves =17=: 641, 733.
of Pueblo Indians =14=: 489, 518, 549, 561, 573.
presents of, made to the Devil =14=: 513.
Pueblo armlets inlaid with =22, i=: 90.
Pueblo ornaments of, description of =22, i=: 86.
Tewa name for =29=: 580.
use of, as ear pendants, in Hopi pictures =21=: 113, 119.
use of, as ear pendants, in pictures of Woe =21=: 67.
use of, as ornaments, by Tcosbuci =21=: 85.
use of, in medicine =30=: 50.
value of =47=: 871.

=Turritella Shells=, Pueblo articles made of =22, i=: 91.

=Turtle=
a man-being in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 174, 180, 181, 286, 288,
301.
amulet from =30=: 213.
and tiger, story of =38=: § 599.
basketry design =38=: § 445.
carapaces from Pueblo ruins at Chevlon, description of =22, i=:
95.
carapaces, disk of =22, i=: 96.
carries woman on back =32=: 411.
connection of, with rites =27=: 506.
cooking and preserving of =38=: § 163.
disease caused by =26=: 264.
drum of shell of =19=: 503.
effigies of =34=: 68, 70, 72 _sq._
figure made of bowlders =12=: 39, 40.
heads made of clay =34=: 121.
in Arapaho mythology =14=: 959.
in Menomini myth =14=: 91, 189, 218.
in Pima song =26=: 306, 307.
in primitive mythology =14=: 976.
kept alive =38=: § 725.
legends concerning =25=: 197; =30=: 212 _sq._, 223 _sq._, 226
_sq._, 272.
markings on, origin of =30=: 224.
method of hunting =38=: § 203, 215.
Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 94.
mystic power of the =14=: 148.
myths and lore concerning =19=: 306, 343, 346, 430, 452, 475, 481,
482; =43=: 187 _sq._
representation of, Eastern United States pottery =20=: 41.
representation of, Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 124.
representation of, Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 107.
sacred, of the Arapaho =17=: 242.
Seri method of catching and eating =17=: 186*-190*.
Seri traps of shell of =17=: 185* _sq._
Seri use of shell of, as jacal covering =17=: 222*.
shell, a friction musical instrument =38=: § 582.
size of, a weather prognostication =38=: § 938.
stone, in Montané’s collection =34=: 249.
stone specimens of =25=: 196 _sq._
use of, as food =30=: 297 _sq._
wooden, from Battowia =34=: 89.
wooden, from St. Vincent =34=: 249.
wooden specimens of =25=: 196.
_See also_ =Terrapin=; =Tortoise=.