Chapter L: Part I: issued =28=: 19 (27)

=Snohomish Tribe=
basketry of the =41=: 142.
games of the =24=:
dice games 156.
stick games 253 _sq._
mention of the =41=: 136.
population of the =7=: 105.
_See also_ =Dwamish=.

=Snooholler=, a Smohalla synonym =14=: 717.

=Snoqualmoo.= _See_ =Dwamish=.

=Snout=, varieties of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 28, 59,
60, 62, 64 _sqq._, 74, 76, 82, 85, 86, 91, 95, 97, 99, 100, 102,
103, 105-108, 111, 114.

=Snow=
a man-being made by Tawiskaron =21=: 324.
Eskimo decoys made of =18=: 132.
Eskimo traps made of =18=: 122.
hunting in =46=: 535.
mythic destruction of =14=: 216.
pictographs for =10=: 605 _sq._
prayers for =47=: 540.
shovels of the Eskimo =18=: 78 _sq._
shovels, primitive =11=: 318.
symbolized by eagle down =35=: 633.
terms relating to =29=: 58.
use of, as water supply by the Zuñi =8=: 91.
Zuñi legend of =23=: 446.

=Snow Beaters=, Eskimo =18=: 77 _sq._

=Snow Blindness=, how treated by the Zuñi =30=: 57.

=Snow Boat=, an Iroquois game =24=: 410 _sq._

=Snow Dance=
a woman’s dance =42=: 529.
mention of =42=: 523.

=Snow Goggles=, Eskimo, =11=: 222; =18=: 169 _sqq._

=Snow Houses=
description of =11=: 223.
fireplace of =9=: 81.
of the Eskimo =18=: 242.
of the Eskimo, description of =9=: 81 _sqq._
of the Eskimo of Davis Strait =6=: 541-544.
of the Hudson Bay Indians =6=: 547.
of the Iglulik Eskimo tribe =6=: 544.
plan of =9=: 82.
tools used in making =9=: 83.
use of, as storehouses =9=: 83.
used as workshops =9=: 83.
windows of =9=: 82.

=Snow Katcina=
identity of some of the symbols of, with those of Huik =21=: 61.
_See also_ =Nüvak=.

=Snow Knives=, Eskimo =18=: 345 _sq._

=Snow-on-the-Mountain= =33=: 99.

=Snow People= in Tusayan =19=: 652.

=Snow-Snake=
and Arapaho game compared =14=: 1007.
game of the Menomini =14=: 244.
general account of =24=: 399 _sq._
implements for =24=: 33.
played by the =24=:
Arapaho 400.
Assiniboin 415.
Cheyenne 400 _sq._
Chippewa 401 _sqq._, 404, 405.
Cree 403 _sq._
Crows 415.
Dakota 419.
Dakota, Oglala 415 _sq._
Dakota, Teton 416 _sqq._
Dakota, Yankton 418 _sq._
Gros Ventres 404.
Hidatsa 419.
Huron 409.
Iroquois 404, 410 _sq._, 412.
Kiowa 400, 413.
Mandan 419.
Menomini 404 _sq._
Missisauga 405.
Omaha 419 _sq._
Passamaquoddy 406.
Pawnee 409.
Penobscot 406 _sq._
Pomo 413 _sq._
Ponca 419.
Sauk and Foxes 407 _sq._
Seneca 410-413.
Siouan stock 400.
Takulli 409.
Topinagugim 414.
Tuscarora 413.
Yokuts 414.

=Snowberry=
belief concerning =45=: 511.
creeping, use of =44=: 288, 307, 317.
use of =44=: 293; =45=: 458, 470, 489.
_See also_ =Symphoricarpus Albus=.

=Snowden, _Mrs._ Peter G.=, mound on land of, Florida =12=: 378.

=Snowfall= at Point Barrow, Alaska =9=: 71.

=Snowflake, Ariz.=
excavation of ruins near =19=: XIII _sq._
Pueblo ruins near =22, i=: 121, 164.

=Snowshoe=
of the Eskimo =9=: 344-352; =18=: 212 _sqq._
of the Nenenot =11=: 308.
of the Omaha and Ponca =13=: 281.
of the Winnebago =37=: 123.
use of, among Northern Indians =11=: 311.

=Snowshoes=
description of =45=: 108 _sq._
in Menomini myth =14=: 179.
of the Menomini =14=: 263.
types of =45=: 249.
use of =45=: 355.
_See also_ =Snowshoe=.

=Snowstorm.= _See_ =Ducks=.

=Snuff=
Eskimo method of preparing =18=: 272.
Eskimo method of taking =18=: 273.
use of, among Guiana Indians =38=: § 286.
use of, among Northern Indians =11=: 234, 291, 302.

=Snuff-boxes=, Eskimo =18=: 273 _sqq._; =46=: 136.

=Snuff-tubes=, Eskimo =18=: 273, 275.

=Snyder, F. F.=
cited =12=: 673.
description of modes of burial by =12=: 554.

=Snyder, H. F.=, pottery collected by =20=: 193, 194.

=Snyder, J. F.=, discovery reported by =44=: 531.

=Snyder, Simon=, cited on Sword-bearer =14=: 707.

=So Wüqti=
appearance of, in festival of Powamû katcinas =21=: 38.
description of =21=: 76.
identity of Kokyan wüqti with =21=: 90.

=Soaking= dried meat in canoe =35=: 433.

=Soaking-Box= =35=: 324, 327, 329, 346, 352.

=S`o´am Nyu´ĭ Va-aki=, Pima ruin =26=: 24.

=Soapstone=
Eskimo utensils made of =18=: 63.
quarries, examination of =13=: XXVI.
use of, for utensils =11=: 228.
_See also_ =Serpentine=; =Steatite=.

=Soapweed=
fiber of, used for cords, mats, etc. =30=: 79.
mention of =33=: 71.
used as food =30=: 73.
used for decorating pottery =30=: 82.
used for washing =30=: 83, 90.
used in ceremonies =30=: 90.

=Sobaipuri=
a division of the Piman family =7=: 98.
account of the =26=: 23.
allies of Pima =26=: 200.
Apache raid on tribe of =19=: 598.
cremation not practiced by =26=: 26.
Friar Marcos among the =14=: 356.
intermarriage of, with Pima and Apache =26=: 186 _sq._
knowledge of Cibola among the =14=: 358.
migration of the =26=: 23.
on origin of ancient ruins =26=: 26.
references to =28=: 54, 58.
running races among the =24=: 806.
with Kino’s expedition =26=: 27.

=Sobaypuris.= _See_ =Sobaipuri=.

=Sobbing= as an expression of despair =20=: CXLII.

=Sobiarpuris.= _See_ =Sobaipuri=.

=Social=
and family nomenclature =38=: § 877-880.
and religious missives =10=: 362-374.
development, stages of =17=: 293*.
life =27=:
amusements 363-370.
care and training of children 327-333.
courtship and marriage 318-327.
etiquette 334-337.
friendship 318 _sq._
kinship terms 313-318.
personal adornment 349-354.
property 362 _sq._
life and customs of Eskimo =6=: 574-578.
life of Zuñi =47=: 476-480.
rites related to masks =3:= 98-120.
status, pictographs =4=: 183.
surroundings of Point Barrow Eskimo =9=: 43-55.
vices among Omaha =3=:
adultery 364.
fornication 365.
mention of 364 _sq._
paederasty 365.
prostitution 365.
rape 365.
schoopanism 365.

=Social Customs=
of the Eskimo =18=: 285-292.
of the Kwakiutl =35=: 750-794.
of the Siouan tribes =15=: 169.

=Social Institutions= of the Creek =42=: 695-711.

=Social Organizations=
at Oraibi =47=: 357.
Chickasaw =44=: 190-213.
Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 150-163.
discussion of =47=: 140 _sq._
Eskimo =18=: LIV.
Flathead =45=: 373-380.
Fox, inadequate knowledge of =40=: 501.
Okanagon =45=: 261-278.
Pima =26=:
gentes 197.
morals 197 _sqq._
officers 195 _sq._
polite forms 199 _sq._
slaves 197.
Seri =17=: 10 _sq._, 269*-295*.
Siouan =15=: 177.
Tsimshian, divided into four groups =31=: 411.

=Social Position= and marriage laws =35=: 776-787.

=Social Science Research Council=, addressed by Mr. Stirling =47=: 1.

=Socialry=, Seri, place of =17=: 293* _sqq._

=Societies=
among the Omaha =3=: 342.
based on similarity of visions =27=: 133.
basis of =37=: 432.
Buffalo, feast of =37:= 344-347.
cult, of the Menomini =14=: 66.
entrance fees of =27=: 212 _sq._
Herok`a, feast of =37=: 343.
influence of, in political life =47=: 41.
magic in =27=: 583, 602.
organization of, as corporation =20=: LXXIII _sq._
property of =27=: 363.
reference to =27=: 33.
sacred, of the Zuñi =13=: 371.
tribal, grouping of people in =20=: XCI.
Zuñi, origin of =13=: 387.
_See also_ =Buffalo Society=; =Little Spotted Buffalo Society=;
=Secret Societies=; =Singing-around Rite=; =Societies, Secret=;
=Societies, Social=; =White Buffalo Society=.

=Societies, Secret=
admission into =27=: 585.
among the Dakota =11=: 497.
Hoⁿ´hewachi =27=: 493-509.
Iⁿgthuⁿ´ ithaethe =27=: 490 _sqq._
Moⁿchu´ ithaethe =27=: 486 _sq._
Pebble Society =27=: 529, 565-581.
rites of =27=: 596.
Shell society =27=: 509-565, 566, 581.
Te´ithaethe =27=: 487 _sqq._
Wanoⁿxe ithaethe =27=: 489 _sq._

=Societies, Social=
Hethu´shka =27=: 459-480.
Ki´kuⁿethe =27=: 485 _sq._
Moⁿwa´dathiⁿ =27=: 486.
Pu´gthoⁿ =27=: 481-485.
T´e ga´xe =27=: 486.
Toka´lo =27=: 486.
_See also_ names of different societies.

=Society, Kinship= =1=: 68, 69.

=Sociologic=
and governmental institutions of the Zuñi =3=: XXIX.
conditions connected with use of gestures =1=: 293.

=Sociology=
branches of =21=: XX, XXI.
classification of science of =15=: XIX; =20=: LX.
definition of =16=: XVII; =20=: LIX.
field of research of =20=: LX.
Indian, features of =15=: 199.
Kiowa =17=: 227.
limitations to the use of, in study of anthropology =1=: 83.
office work in =22, i=: XXIV-XXX.
Omaha =3=: 205-370.
or the science of institutions =20=: LX-CXXXVIII.
progress of research in =17=: XXXI-XXXIV.
Siouan, memoir on =15=: XCIX, 205-244.
subject matter of =19=: XII.
work in =14=: XXXVII; =15=: XXIII, XXVI, XXXI, XXXV, XL, XLV, LXXX;
=16=: LX, LXXVI; =17=: LI _sqq._; =18=: XXXIX _sqq._; =19=:
XXII-XXV; =20=: =XVII= _sqq._; =23=: XXXII _sqq._
Zuñi, study of =13=: XXX.
_See also_ =Regimentation=.

=Sockeye Salmon=
mention of =35=: 238, 246.
name of =35=: 612.
old =35=: 239.
spawn =35=: 237.

=Socks, Eskimo= =18=: 43.

=Soco Creek, N. C.=, Cherokee use of clay from =20=: 53.

=Soco Group=, legend of =19=: 408 _sq._

=Socochima.= _See_ =Sicuchimatl=.

=Sod Houses=, Eskimo =11=: 228.

=Soda Canyon=, ruins near =38=: p. 3.

=Sodomy=
absence of, at Cibola =14=: 518, 522.
among Indians of Petatlan =14=: 515.
among Indians of Suya =14=: 516.
among Pacaxes =14=: 514.
practice of =42=: 697.
_See also_ =Paederastia=; =Schoopanism=.

=Sö´hö=, legendary Pima chief =28=: 44 _sq._, 61 _sq._

=Sohonut= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Soil=
blue, use of =36=: 227.
dark, use of =36=: 227.
red, use of =36=: 227.
sacred, disclosed by the bear =39=: 186.
yellow, use of =36=: 227.

=Soiónes=, a Huron adopted among the Iroquois =43=: 456.

=Soke Tribe= occupying Sooke Inlet =7=: 130.

=Sokokis=, location of =43=: 170, 173.

=Sokorico Indians=, modeling among the =30=: 140.

=Sokulk=, a Wa´napûm synonym =14=: 735.

=So-kus wai´-un-äts=, a Shoshoni myth =1=: 47-51.

=Solanaceae= =33=: 13.

=Solanum=, native of Arizona =26=: 78.

=Solanum Elaeagnifolium=, Pima food plant =26=: 78.

=Solar Myths=
association of flute with Tawa in =21=: 101.
_See also_ =Sun=.

=Solazar=, a Spanish leader =25=: 38 _sq._, 40.

=Soldering= silver, Navaho method of =2=: 176.

=Soldier=, sign for =1=: 344, 449, 505.

=Soldier Clan=
difference from Warrior clan =37=: 386.
_See also_ =Bear Clan=.

=Soldier Dance=
description of =46=: 562.
of Bear clan =37=: 228, 386 _sq._

=Soldiers=
duties of =46=: 442, 448.
fight with Rees =4=: 111 _sq._
organization of =46=: 436.

"=Soldiers=”
account of =27=: 210, 442.
in Buffalo hunt =27=: 215, 279, 281, 282.

=Soledad= language of Mofras =7=: 102.

=Solicitation=, signs of =30=: 201.

=Solidago=
species of, used medicinally =42=: 664.
use of =44=: 293, 344.

=Solidago Altissima=, use of =44=: 293, 348, 354.

=Solidago Decumbens= =45=: 468, 472.

=Solidago Flexicaulis=, use of =44=: 293, 342.

=Solidago Juncea=, use of =44=: 293, 336.

=Solidago Rigida=
medicinal constituents of =44=: 305.
medicinal properties of =44=: 302.
reason for increase of =33=: 61.
use of =44=: 293, 348, 364.

=Solidago Rigidiuscula=
medicinal constituents of =44=: 305.
medicinal properties of =44=: 302.
use of =44=: 293, 340, 350, 352, 358, 362, 364.

=Solidago sp.= =33=: 133.

=Solis, Francisco de=, mention of =14=: 529.

=Solis, Isidor de=, mention of, by Jaramillo =14=: 592.

=Solis de Meras, Gonzalo=, mention of, by Jaramillo =14=: 592.

=Sollas, _Prof._ W. J.= =46=: 332, 333, 350, 372.

=Solomon, S.=, Menomini treaty commissioner =14=: 21.

=Solomon’s Town Wyandot=, land cessions and reservations by =18=:
690, 734.

=Solomonseal=
among the Kwakiutl =35=: 600.
use of =44=: 291, 336.

=Solomonsville, Ariz.= _See_ =Solomonville=.

=Solomonville, Ariz.=
collection from =19=: XXI.
excavation of ruins near =19=: XIV.
Pueblo ruins near =22, i=: 171.
ruins near =26=: 25 _sq._ (spelling: =Solomonsville=).

=Solórsano, _Mrs._ Ascensión=
assistance rendered by =47=: 3 _sq._
basket made by =47=: 13.
materials and specimens obtained from =48=: 7.
the last San Juan Indian =48=: 7.

=Solstice=
close of ceremonies of =23=: 141.
reference to =29=: 62.
summer, embellishment of altar of =23=: 159.
winter and summer, calculation of =23=: 108.
inter, announcement by Sun priest of =23=: 109.
Zuñi name for =23=: 108.

=Solstice Ceremonies=
dates set for =47=: 512, 534.
determination of =47=: 288.
first attendance at =47=: 219.
observance of =47=: 514 _sq._, 530 _sqq._, 534-540.
of the Corn groups =47=: 290-301.

=Solstice Period=, significance of, to Zuñi =47=: 534.

=Solstices=
determination of =47=: 41.
_See also_ =Solstice=; =Summer Solstice=; =Winter Solstice=.

=Solute= cists =1=: 113.

=Somahallie=, a Smohalla synonym =14=: 717.

=Somatic Characters= of the Seri =17=: 9, 136*-163*.

=Somatic Material= transferred to the National Museum =23=: XIX.

=Somatologic Classification= of Indians =14=: XXVII.

=Somatology=
Siouan =15=: 185.
work in =23=: XVIII _sq._

=Sommer, W.= =46=: 372.

=Son=
application of the term =42=: 81.
articles furnished by =22, ii=: 20.
choice of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 29-56, 292.
clothing of =22, ii=: 101.
duties of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 31.
journey to =22, ii=: 68-89, 301-308.
lodge of, consecration of =22, ii=: 97-100, 310-313.
lodge of, entrance of Hako party into =22, ii=: 93-96, 309, 310.
lodge of, songs sung in =22, ii=: 80, 81, 84, 85.
messenger of, clothing the =22, ii=: 89, 91, 308.
messenger sent by Hako party to =22, ii=: 56, 57, 294, 295.
prefiguration of journey to =22, ii=: 49-56, 292.
reception of messengers by the =22, ii=: 294.
requirement and duties of =22, ii=: 18.
sending of messengers to =22, ii=: 56 _sqq._
village of, arrival of Hako party at =22, ii=: 87, 308.
village of, entrance of Hako party into =22, ii=: 92, 93, 308.
younger, treatment of =35=: 1097.
_See also_ =Child=; =Sons=.

=Sonak Hadjo=, information furnished by =42=: 379, 396.

=Sondóta=, Kiowa name of the Shoshoni =17=: 160.

=Song=
acknowledging that Tirawa answers prayer =22, ii=: 196, 197, 343.
asking the way of the ear of corn =22, ii=: 70, 300.
at the crossing of streams =22, ii=: 75, 303, 304.
characteristic feature of, in Sumaikoli =21=: 55.
closing, of the Arapaho =14=: 1012.
closing, significance of =14=: 918.
enjoining the Hako party to follow the ear of corn =22, ii=: 68,
300.
extra, acknowledging the gift of a pony =22, ii=: 146.
gambling, of the Paiute =14=: 1009.
Hako dance, of gifts =22, ii=: 225.
Hako dance, of thanks =22, ii=: 254.
in praise of lesser powers =22, ii=: 108, 163, 199, 314, 334, 344.
incidental, to avert a threatening storm =22, ii=: 226.
invoking the earth to give plenty =22, ii=: 144.
invoking the visions of the ancients =22, ii=: 178, 179, 338.
invoking visions =22, ii=: 118, 319, 320.
mnemonic, of the Menomini =14=: 114, 115, 126.
mnemonic, of the Ojibwa =14=: 106, 107.
movements of Corn maidens to rhythm of =21=: 88.
of a talismanic ear of corn =22, ii=: 157, 332.
of anointing the child =22, ii=: 223, 224, 353.
of appeal of the son to the powers =22, ii=: 101, 312.
of approaching the son’s village under the leadership of the ear
of corn =22, ii=: 86, 307.
of blessing the child =22, ii=: 257, 361.
of blue paint for the feathered stem =22, ii=: 37, 38, 200, 288,
345.
of carrying the child =22, ii=: 212, 213, 250.
of cleansing and strengthening the child with water =22, ii=: 215,
351.
of coaxing the child =22, ii=: 211, 349.
of dawn =22, ii=: 123, 134, 322.
of daylight =22, ii=: 131, 324.
of dreams of Hako coming from the east =22, ii=: 149, 329, 330.
of earth =22, ii=: 163, 335.
of finding the son =22, ii=: 50, 51, 293, 294.
of gratitude for Hako in the sixteen circuits of the lodge =22,
ii=: 195, 343.
of gratitude in the circuit of the lodge =22, ii=: 189.
of gratitude of the children for Hako =22, ii=: 142, 327.
of green paint for the feathered stem =22, ii=: 39, 200, 201, 289,
345.
of greeting the son =22, ii=: 90, 204, 308, 347.
of greeting to the son’s messengers =22, ii=: 90, 308.
of making the nest =22, ii=: 242, 358.
of painting the ear of corn =22, ii=: 43, 205.
of painting the child with blue paint =22, ii=: 231, 355.
of painting the child with red paint =22, ii=: 227, 354.
of praise to Tirawa before feeding the children =22, ii=: 107,
162, 199, 314, 334, 344.
of putting eagle down on the child =22, ii=: 235, 236, 356.
of Rush for charcoal =45=: 646 _sq._
of seeking the child =22, ii=: 202, 346.
of seeking the son’s lodge =22, ii=: 92, 203, 309, 346.
of seizing the Wa´-doⁿ-be =45=: 608 _sq._
of sending the messengers =22, ii=: 56, 295.
of thanks for Hako =22, ii=: 177.
of the abode of vision =22, ii=: 155, 331, 332.
of the arrival at the son’s village =22, ii=: 88, 307.
of the ascent of the ear of corn =22, ii=: 43, 205, 291, 347, 348.
of the bird’s nest =22, ii=: 169.
of the brown eagle covering her young =22, ii=: 116, 317.
of the brown eagle entering her son’s lodge =22, ii=: 98, 313.
of the brown eagle flying to her nest =22, ii=: 114, 317.
of the brown eagle in the sixteen circuits of the lodge =22, ii=:
193, 342, 343.
of the call to the children =22, ii=: 249, 250, 259.
of the child in the nest =22, ii=: 245, 246.
of the child taking the symbolic steps =22, ii=: 212, 350.
of the coming of the children =22, ii=: 251, 252, 260.
of the consecrated ear of corn =22, ii=: 159, 160, 333.
of the duck =22, ii=: 174.
of the eagle hovering over the nest =22, ii=: 111, 112, 316.
of the eaglets crying to the mother birds =22, ii=: 113, 316.
of the ear of corn asserting authoritatively =22, ii=: 71, 301.
of the ear of corn entering the son’s lodge =22, ii=: 94, 310.
of the ear of corn resuming leadership =22, ii=: 160, 161, 297.
of the Eskimo =9=: 389.
of the flocking of birds =22, ii=: 184, 340.
of the gathering of the children =22, ii=: 250, 260.
of the Hawk =45=: 574.
of the Meridian Sun =45=: 599-602.
of the Moose =14=: 193.
of the Owl =22, ii=: 175, 176.
of the promise of buffalo =22, ii=: 80, 305.
of the Rattle =45=: 582-586.
of the Rite of Vigil =45=: 586-592.
of the Sioux campaign =14=: 883.
of the smoke offering to the son =22, ii=: 103, 312, 313.
of the son’s lodge =22, ii=: 90, 309.
of the Stars =45=: 658 _sq._
of the vision of Hako =22, ii=: 147, 329.
of the Wa´-doⁿ-be =45=: 619.
of the Waters =45=: 654-657.
of the Wa-xo´-be =45=: 541 _sqq._
of the white eagle in the sixteen circuits of the lodge =22, ii=:
191, 342.
of the Wild Rose =33=: 85.
of the woodpecker and the turkey =22, ii=: 172.
of the wren =22, ii=: 171.
of touching the child with the brush of grass =22, ii=: 219, 352.
of touching the child with the feathered stems =22, ii=: 206, 207,
349.
of tying the eagle’s feathers on the child =22, ii=: 238, 239,
357.
of Wailing =45=: 614 _sqq._
on feathering the feathered stem =22, ii=: 41, 289.
power of =45=: 187.
rabbit, in Menomini folklore =14=: 221.
rendition of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 31, 36, 37.
snake =45=: 663 _sqq._
spirit =45=: 596-599.
standing at his Fireplace =45=: 565 _sq._
summoning the children to send gifts =22, ii=: 140, 327.
to awake the children =22, ii=: 79, 305.
to the buffalo =22, ii=: 79, 305.
to the ear of corn before feeding the children =22, ii=: 109, 314.
to the ear of corn in the sixteen circuits of the lodge =22, ii=:
188, 341.
to the lesser powers =22, ii=: 27-37, 283-286.
to the mesa =22, ii=: 84, 306.
to the Morning Star =22, ii=: 128, 323.
to the mountains =22, ii=: 82, 305, 306.
to the players =22, ii=: 151, 330.
to the power =22, ii=: 65, 298, 299.
to the sun =22, ii=: 135, 326.
to the wind =22, ii=: 77, 304.
to Tirawa before setting out =22, ii=: 63, 64, 298.
to trees and streams =22, ii=: 73, 303.
use of, as accompaniment to meal-grinding in Hopi ceremonies =21=:
44.
use of, in ceremony =30=: 43, 55.
use of, in Flute ceremony =21=: 30.
use of, in Pamürti =21=: 27.
victory =45=: 676 _sq._
Wolf =45=: 606 _sq._
_See also_ =Chant=; =Music=; =Songs=.

=Song Cycles= of Great Fire Society =47=: 496.

=Song Keepers= =35=: 1162.

=Song Leader= =35=: 769, 893, 1007, 1010, 1045.

=Songish Indians _or_ Tribe=
burial customs and remains of =6=: XLII.
games of the =24=:
cat’s cradle 773.
dice games 157.
hand game 302.
hoop and pole 491.
shinny 632.
stick games 248, 254.
mention of the =41=: 136.

=Songs=
accompanying ceremonies =46=: 496.
accompanying dances =42=: 522 _sq._
among the Indians =19=: 463.
archaic songs, Pima =26=: 271-281.
associated with clans =37=: 240.
at door of House of Mystery =36=: 289.
at potlatches, Tlingit =26=: 437-443.
attached to rites =47=: 282.
bear =27=: 487.
black bear =39=: 185-192, 344-347; =45=: 644 _sqq._
blue jay =39=: 220.
bow making =39=: 271-274.
Buffalo =36=: 141 _sqq._, 293 _sq._; =39=: 192-205, 283-289; =45=:
640-643.
Buffalo, meaning of =36=: 143 _sq._
burial =1=: 194.
butchering =39=: 134.
captive =27=: 427-431, 603.
carrying =39=: 135.
ceremonial feast =39=: 226.
Cherokee =19=: 400, 435, 468, 472 _sq._
circling, Pima =26=: 289-297.
classes of, recorded =47=: 10.
classification of, Pima =26=: 270 _sq._
connected with harvesting corn =47=: 277.
connected with societies or rites =27=: 502 _sq._
corn planting =39=: 196-205.
cradle =42=: 362 _sq._
crow =39=: 127 _sqq._, 182-185, 316; =45=: 621 _sqq._
dance, kinds of =47=: 495.
dance, of societies =47=: 495.
deer =36=: 185-191; =39=: 129-137, 322-326; =45=: 643 _sq._
deer call =43=: 397.
early morning =45=: 566-571.
elk =39=: 338-344.
Eskimo, examples of =18=: 348 _sq._, 364, 367, 369, 374 _sq._
Eskimo, kinds of =18:= 347 _sq._
Eskimo, method of learning =18=: 348.
esoteric meaning of =40=: 97.
explanation of =10=: 231 _sq._
farewell =37=: 385.
feast =35=: 1045, 1061, 1293.
festal, Pima =26=: 271, 283 _sq._
fire-drill =39=: 224.
fire-making =39=: 225.
fireplace =39=: 278, 280.
fish-turtle =45=: 605 _sq._
Flute, at Walpi =19=: 1002 _sq._
for deer disease =42=: 639 _sq._
for dog disease =42=: 641 _sq._
for feast =35=: 320, 325.
for grinding corn =47=: 496 _sq._
for periwinkle disease =42=: 647 _sq._
for rain =33=: 119.
for rat or mouse disease =42=: 642 _sq._
for snake sickness =42=: 646.
for winter ceremonial =35=: 342.
four-day practice of =47=: 332.
from Guardian Spirits =45=: 186.
funeral =27=: 593.
game, Pima =26=: 271, 297 _sqq._
general description of =27=: 373 _sqq._
Ghost dance, rehearsal of =14=: 918.
gray owl =39=: 227.
Great Evening =45=: 659 _sqq._
Great Rain =45=: 665-668.
Herucka =37=: 384.
host =35=: 812.
hunting, Pima =26=: 271, 299 _sqq._
in Smohalla =14=: 730.
in treatment of disease =27=: 582 _sq._, 585.
in Tusayan ceremony =16=: 280, 283.
incidental, on changing a man’s name =22, ii=: 272, 273, 366
_sqq._
incidental, to quiet a child =22, ii=: 261 _sqq._, 363.
Indian, study of =15=: XXXVIII.
individual ownership of =47=: 495.
learning of =47=: 889.
list of =46=: 618 _sq._; =47=: 496.
little evening =39=: 220; =45=: 661 _sqq._
little, of the gathering =36=: 253.
little, of the sun =36=: 63 _sq._; =39=: 280; =45=: 602-605.
little rain =45=: 669-672.
love =27=: 319 _sqq._, 375; =35=: 1298, 1301, 1306.
lullaby =38=: § 910; =46=: 620.
magical, use of =42=: 503.
making Cannibal spirit sleep =35=: 1246.
medicine, Pima =26=: 261-267, 271, 302-330.
mention of =35=: 772, 1279-1315.
midday =39=: 318-321.
mode of singing, description of =7=: 289 _sq._
mode of writing =7=: 286-289.
mourning =35=: 1292.
Navaho, necessity for correctness of =17=: 506.
necessary in use of medicines =42=: 668.
night =37=: 553.
of act of weeping =39=: 137 _sq._
of approach to ceremonial house =36=: 82.
of approach to the house =39=: 79.
of approach to the House of Mystery =36=: 287.
of awakening the Wa-xo´-be =39=: 89.
of Bear clan =37=: 321, 548, 549.
of Buffalo clan =37=: 245.
of Buffalo feast =37=: 345.
of Cannibal dance =35=: 930-934.
of Chief’s daughter =35=: 1314.
of closing the ceremony =45=: 677 _sq._
of clouds =39=: 351-355.
of counting the o-doⁿ´ =39=: 172.
of crossing a river =39=: 218.
of daughter of working man =35=: 1313.
of death =36=: 252.
of decorating club =39=: 355-358.
of dedication by Navaho =17=: 505-508.
of drawing the arrows =39=: 233 _sq._, 364-369.
of Ēwanuxᵘdzē =35=: 1285.
of fight for charcoal =39=: 213, 327.
of gathering wood =39=: 220.
of Ghost dancer =35=: 915 _sqq._
of gray owl =39=: 227.
of greeting the Holy Men =39=: 102 _sq._
of greeting the Symbolic Man =39=: 101 _sq._
of Grizzly-bear dance =37=: 346.
of high hills =39=: 349 _sqq._
of horned owl dance =42=: 530.
of lamentation =45=: 695 _sqq._
of Ḷ´āqōḷas =35=: 1282.
of L!āqwadzē =35=: 1289.
of L!āsotiᵋwalis =35=: 1288.
of laying down the Wa-xo´-be =39=: 369.
of Little Spotted Buffalo ceremony =40=: 519-533.
of making one strike the other =45=: 672 _sqq._
of making the bow =45=: 593-596.
of Medicine dance =37=: 365, 370.
of Menmenłēqelas =35=: 1303, 1304.
of Moccasin wi´-gi-e =36=: 291.
of mystic house =39=: 218.
of opening the shrine =39=: 260-264; =45=: 564.
of osprey =39=: 347 _sqq._
of painting ceremony =36=: 244 _sqq._
of parents =35=: 1315.
of processional approach =39=: 77, 79 _sq._
of Q!umx·ōd =35=: 1287.
of Qwax·ila =35=: 1290.
of releasing the arrow =45=: 675 _sq._
of return of the bird =39=: 232.
of reversal =39=: 90 _sq._, 92.
of rising of buffalo bull men =39=: 206-213.
of rising to depart =39=: 236.
of rite of vigil =39=: 275-280.
of Screech-owl dance =42=: 530.
of seizing the Wa´-doⁿ-be =39=: 147 _sq._
of setting up of House of Mystery =36=: 198-201.
of Singing-around rite =40=: 591 _sqq._
of Soldier dance =37=: 387.
of son of chief =35=: 1312.
of speaker =35=: 1279.
of striking one against the other =39=: 230.
of striking the earth =39=: 230, 358-362.
of symbolic man =39=: 267.
of symbolic rattle =39=: 114-120.
of symbols on war club =39=: 230.
of taking up rattle =39=: 114-120.
of the Arapaho =14=: 958.
of the Basques and others =1=: 195.
of the bluejay =43=: 379, 443, 444, 445.
of the Caddo =14=: 1096.
of the Cheyenne =14=: 1028.
of the Comanche =14=: 1046.
of the Dove sisters =43=: 353, 438.
of the elf =43=: 303, 307, 341, 343, 426, 427, 428, 429 _sq._,
431 _sq._, 433 _sq._, 435, 436, 437.
of the fasters =42=: 588.
of the Ghost dance =14=: 920, 953.
of the grandmother =43=: 367, 440, 441.
of the jackrabbit =43=: 379, 442, 443.
of the Meda =4=: 82.
of the Paiute =14=: 1052.
of the sabīa =42=: 499.
of the Shakers =14=: 755.
of the Sioux =14=: 917, 1061.
of the wizards =43=: 367, 369, 439, 440, 441, 442.
of Thunderbird clan =37=: 211.
of triumph =36=: 297-302; =39=: 229, 232, 301.
of triumph, chanted by women =42=: 419.
of Tsexᵋwīd =35=: 1286.
of untying the shrine =39=: 88-103.
of various tribes, recorded =44=: 11 _sq._
of vigils =39=: 106-110.
of walking over the earth =39=: 362 _sqq._
of walking upon animal skins =39=: 86.
of war =42=: 408, 424.
of War-bundle feast =37=: 444 _sq._
of Warrior clan =37=: 219, 220.
of Warrior K`îlem =35=: 1311.
of water =39=: 312.
of White Buffalo dance =40=: 97-115.
of White Buffalo dance, cited =40=: 121.
of winter ceremonial =35=: 1220.
of Wolf clan =37=: 240.
of Zuñi ceremony =47=: 530.
Omaha, war =3=: 320, 322, 323, 325, 331.
order of =10=: 231-250; =35=: 772; =40=: 38.
order of, in feast =35=: 1046-1050.
Osage, footstep =43=: 37.
Paiute, character of =14=: 1050.
parting =35=: 1307, 1309.
personal allusions in =47=: 889 _sq._
pertaining to the attack =39=: 294.
Picurís, analysis of =43=: 399-425.
pipe offering =39=: 120-123.
planting =36=: 295.
property in =27=: 363.
puberty, Pima =26=: 271, 330 _sq._
rain, of Wovoka =14=: 772.
rain, Pima =26=: 271, 331 _sqq._
relating to sacred charcoal =39=: 327.
rendition of =40=: 27.
rhythm of =35=: 1169, 1194, 1197.
rising =39=: 76.
rituals accompanied by =47=: 494 _sq._
sacred =35=: 736, 737, 738, 739, 740, 745, 872, 874, 892, 929,
936, 955, 962, 1004, 1005, 1053, 1131, 1137, 1138, 1241.
sacred, of shaman =35=: 708, 722, 726.
sacred, of war dancers =35=: 1136.
secret =35=: 910.
Sia =11=: 123, 125, 127.
Siouan =11=: 445, 480.
spirit =39=: 103-106.
supplication =39=: 111-114, 220.
Tanana =46=: 43.
teasing =47=: 321 _sq._
texts of =33=: 294, 310, 327, 376, 422, 424, 426, 428, 484, 486,
488, 520, 558, 566, 604.
the Seven =39=: 77, 78.
the Six =39=: 77, 78 _sq._
Thunder =27=: 491 _sqq._, 598 _sq._
use of =46=: 617.
use of, in Midewiwin ceremonies =7=: 193-196, 202 _sq._, 207-214,
216, 218 _sq._, 227-230, 232 _sq._, 239 _sq._, 243 _sq._,
246-251, 253 _sq._, 259 _sqq._, 263 _sq._, 266-273, 282-286,
289-297.
use of, in treatment of the sick =44=: 268.
use of, while at work =42=: 443.
war, of Neqāp!enk·em’s against the Sanetch =35=: 1380.
war, of the Pima =36=: 335-338.
with dances =47=: 282.
wolf =27=: 410 _sq._; =39=: 124-127, 290-294.
women’s =27=: 320-323, 421.
words of =38=: § 596, 597.
workingman’s =35=: 1310.
_See also_ =Chant=; =Formulas=; =Music=; =Song=; and names of
various societies.

=Son-in-law=
application of the term =43=: 83, 93.
status of =46=: 511.
substitute for =35=: 432, 433.
term for =40=: 376.
the contented, legend of =30=: 190.

=Son-of-the-Sand.= _See_ =Peyi=.

=Sonoita=, visited by Kino =26=: 27.

=Sonoita Valley=, race track in =26=: 173.

=Sónoli ´Hlúëlawe= occupied by the Zuñi =13=: 332.

=Sonomi=, stick game of the =24=: 248.

=Sonora, Juan Maria de=, on Seri =17=: 66 _sq._

=Sonora, Mexico=
as a trading center =26=: 94.
description of =14=: 515.
description of, by Jaramillo =14=: 585.
earthquake of =26=: 60.
field work in =22, i=: IX.
food supply in =14=: 554.
petroglyphs in =10=: 131, 749.
references to =28=: 54, 70.
river and valley =14=: 387.
settlement of, by Spaniards =14=: 572.
traversed by Friar Marcos =14=: 355.

=Sonora Creek=, site at =46=: 90.

=Sonora Doves= kept by Pima =36=: 86.

=Sonora Valley=
location of =14=: 355.
Spanish settlement in =14=: 484.

=Sonoran=, number names of the =19=: 867 _sq._

=Sonoran Province=
climate of =17=: 23 _sq._
definition of =17=: 22.
fauna of =17=: 36-39.
flora of =17=: 31-36.
geology of =17=: 26, 30 _sq._
hydrography of =17=: 25-28, 31.
physical characteristics of =17=: 22-31.
precipitation in =17=: 24 _sq._
sheetflood erosion in =17=: 25 _sq._
temperature of =17=: 23 _sq._

=Sonoyta Valley, Mexico=, field work in =23, i=: XIII.

=Sons=
first three, names for =43=: 31 _sq._
kinship terms for =43=: 31.
See also =Child=; =Kinship Terms=; =Son=.

=Soot=, use of, for tattooing =38=: § 510.

=Sophia=, clan name from =30=: 86.

=Sophia Pinnata (Walt) Britton=, use of =26=: 77.

=Sophic Activities=, research in =17=: XXXV _sqq._

=Sophiology=
classification of =15=: XIX.
definition of =16=: XVIII.
office work in =22, i=: XXXIII-XXXVII.
or the science of activities designed to give instruction =20=:
CLXXI-CXCVII.
subject matter of =19=: XII.
work in =18=: XLIV _sq._; =19=: XXVII _sq._; =20=: XXI _sqq._;
=23=: XXXVIII _sqq._

=Sopono=, mention of =44=: 35.

=Soquet, _Doctor_ ----=, excavation of shell heap by =25=: 86.

=Sorcerers=
practice of, among Algonquian tribes =7=: 151, 152, 154.
_See also_ =Jugglers=.

=Sorceress= =33=: 622.

=Sorcery=
a common cause of death among Indians =7=: 39.
accusation of, against painters of katcinas =21=: 14.
among the Menomini =14=: LIII.
among the Pacaxes =14=: 514.
among the Siouan tribes =11=: 416, 499, 511, 517.
Awatobi men accused of =17=: 603.
fear inspired by =46=: 528.
in ball game, Tarahumare =24=: 673 _sq._
in ball race, Zuñi =24=: 693.
in connection with bean shooter, Kwakiutl =24=: 761.
in racket =24=:
Cherokee 576, 581, 588.
Chippewa 568.
Choctaw 603.
mention of 563.
Mohawk 591.
Iroquois =2=:
a cure for all bodily injuries 73.
a superstition about flies 74.
a “true” witch story 71.
a witch in the shape of a dog 73.
an incantation to bring rain 72.
man who assumed the shape of a hog 73.
origin of Seneca medicine 70.
origin of witch and witch charms 69.
witch transformation 74.
medicine practiced by =30=: 40.
Mohawk addicted to =24=: 571.
myths of the Iroquois concerning =2=: 68, 75.
part played by, in development of games =19=: LXVIII _sq._
practices among the Iroquois =2=: 68, 74.
practices, Tuscorora names appertaining to =2=: 68.
the improper use of magic =47=: 492.
_See also_ =Love Charms=; =Magic=; =Thaumaturgy=; =Witchcraft=.

=Sore-backed Horse.= _See_ =Täyăkwoip=.

=Sores=, treatment of =42=: 665.

=Sorghum Vulgare Pers.=, Pima food plant =26=: 74.

=Sororate=
avoidance of =40=: 443.
reference to =40=: 344, 375, 441.

=Sorrel=
sheep, mention of =33=: 98.
violet wood, mention of =33=: 98.
yellow wood, mention of =33=: 98.

=Sorrow-making Clan.= _See_ =Tubic Clan=.

=Sortilegic Trephining=, definition of =16=: 18.

=Sosa, Gaspar Castoño de=
on Galisteo =29=: 482.
on San Cristóbal =29=: 486.
on San Marcos =29=: 551.
on Santo Domingo =29=: 449.

=Soto.= _See_ =Chouteau, Auguste=.

=Soto, Hernando de=
account of meeting with Ortiz =14=: 348.
discoveries of =14=: 370, 491.
on Great Plains =14=: 529.
reputed route of =14=: 545.
right of, to Niza’s discoveries =14=: 371.
soldiers of, hear of Coronado =14=: 510.

=Sotomayor, Christopher=, early Spanish leader =25=: 23, 36-39.

=Sotomayor, Hernando de=, on effect of Niza’s report =14=: 366.

=Sotomayor, Juan de=, on effect of Niza’s report =14=: 477.

=Sotomayor, P. de=, chronicler of Cardenas’ expedition =14=: 490.

=Soufriere Volcano=
eruption of =34=: 91, 92.
mention of =34=: 110.

=Soul=
abode of =35=: 727.
abode of, after death =35=: 714.
among Tlingit, conception of =26=: 430, 431, 434.
among Tlingit, fate of =26=: 460-463.
beliefs concerning =11=: 517; =40=: 357, 358 _sq._; =42=: 510-515;
=45=: 183, 292, 383; =47=: 138, 481 _sqq._
comes to sacrifice =35=: 722.
concept of =37=: 316.
descending kettle chain =37=: 550.
Eskimo belief concerning =18=: 422.
in Pima religion =26=: 252 _sq._
invisible =35=: 713.
journey of, after death =42=: 513.
leaves body =35=: 718, 724.
leaves body at night =35=: 715.
like shadow =35=: 728.
like smoke =35=: 728.
meaning of term =21=: 16.
mention of =35=: 708, 713, 730.
of seal hunters =35=: 715.
out of place =35=: 725.
recovered by shaman =35=: 718.
restored to sick person =35=: 722 _sq._
return of, to earth =42=: 513.
seat of, on the head =35=: 715.
sickness caused by absence of =42=: 654, 666.
similar to shadow =35=: 717.
size of =35=: 724.
_See also_ =Ghosts=; =Immortality=; =Souls=; =Spirit World=;
=Spirits=.

=Soul Cakes=, mention of =9=: 546.

=Soule, Antonio.= _See_ =Azul, Antonio=.

=Souls=
beliefs concerning =44=: 255 _sq._
of animals =35=: 1220.
of trees =35=: 1220.
return of, to body =35=: 1021.
_See also_ =Soul=; and references given there.

=Sound=
fish attracted by =38=: § 187.
spirits known by =30=: 170, 176.

=Sounding-Box= attached to whistle =38=: § 567.

=Soup-drinking Feast= =42=: 555 _sq._

=Sour Dock= =33=: 77.

=Sources= of decorative motive in ceramic art =4=: 453.

=Souris River=, mounds along =12=: 35 _sqq._

=Sourwood= in Cherokee myth and lore =19=: 253, 320, 422, 469.

=Sousa, J. P.=, acknowledgment to =14=: 655.

=South=
age of potter’s art in the =20=: 162.
character of pipes of =20=: 129, 140 _sq._
character of pottery of =20=: 20, 22 _sq._, 35, 145, 186 _sq._
myth of daughter of =19=: 322.
northward extension of peculiarities of =20=: 144, 186 _sq._
occurrence of clay figurines in =20=: 33.
occurrence of colored ware in =20=: 87.
symbolism of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 42.

=South Africa=, petroglyphs in =10=: 180-183.

=South America=
archeological material from =25=: 94 _sq._
groups of pottery in =20=: 20.
hammocks from =25=: 213.
importance of research in =41=: 104.
Latin, kiâhâ net found in =26=: 143.
material from implements from =25=: 92, 96.
mortuary customs of =25=: 70, 195.
native houses of =25=: 46.
petroglyphs in =4=: 38; =10=: 142-160.
pictographs in =25=: 152.
pottery of =4=: 411.
source of Antillean culture =25=: 214.
tattooing in =10=: 407.
use of pottery whistles and rattles in =20=: 35.
_See also_ =Brazil=; =Cuba=; =Guiana Indians=; =Peru=;
=Venezuela=; and names of other South American countries and
tribes.

=South American Tribes=
seats used by the =25=: 204.
signs of the =1=: 307.

=South Appalachian Pottery=
area covered by =20=: 21, 104, 108, 130, 139, 144 _sq._, 147
_sq._
association of, with exotic ware =20=: 137.
color of =20=: 132.
decoration of =20=: 80, 131, 133-136, 144.
examples of =20=: 136-142.
forms of =20=: 130 _sqq._
materials of =20=: 131 _sq._
modern, relation of, to ancient ware =20=: 142-145.
occurrence of, in Appalachee-Ohio province =20=: 183.
occurrence of, in East Tennessee =20=: 180.
occurrence of, in Gulf Coast province =20=: 108, 109.
pipes =20=: 45, 140 _sq._
pottery resembling, Florida Peninsula =20=: 117, 127.
pottery resembling, Gulf Coast =20=: 108, 109, 110, 111.
pottery resembling, Middle Atlantic Coast =20=: 149.
relation of Northwestern pottery to =20=: 183, 189, 194.
size of =20=: 132.
uses of =20=: 38, 132 _sq._
varieties of =20=: 130 _sqq._

=South Appalachian Province=
exotic wares of =20=: 132, 137 _sq._
extension of northern ware into =20=: 145.
extent of =20=: 130.
intermingling of wares in =20=: 137 _sqq._
occurrence of engravings of human heads on shell in =20=: 138.
_See also_ =South Appalachian Pottery=.

=South Canadian River=, mention of =42=: 491.

=South Carolina=
aboriginal steatite quarrying in =15=: 106.
archives of =30=: 18.
cession of East Cherokee lands in =19=: 97.
character of pottery of =20=: 147.
Cherokee relations with =19=: 31-35.
chipped flints from =13=: 146, 147, 148.
coastward extension of South Appalachian ware in =20=: 139.
discoidal stone from =13=: 106.
distribution of stone art in =13=: 61.
endeavors of, to extinguish Cherokee title =5=: 204, 205.
expedition from, in 1776 =19=: 49 _sq._
explorations in =11=: XXV; =12=: 326.
first settlement in =19=: 31.
Indian policy of =18=: 630-634.
intermingling of northern and South Appalachian ware in =20=: 148.
Kershaw district, mounds in =12=: 317-326.
local legends of =19=: 411 _sq._
modern pottery making in =20=: 55.
paint stones from =13=: 115.
prevalence of stamped ware in =20=: 135.
production of gold in =19=: 221.
researches in =30=: 11.
stemless perforators from =13=: 165.
stemmed flints from =13=: 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159,
160, 162, 163.
stemmed perforators from =13=: 168.

=South Carolina Tribes=
source of information regarding =42=: 679.
war color of =10=: 632.
_See also_ =Carolina Indians=.

=South Dakota=
bowlder circles in =12=: 39.
bowlder figurines in =12=: 40.
explorations in =11=: XXV.
Medicine Butte, bowlder figures on =12=: 39.
military posts, etc., in =17=: 386.
mounds in =12=: 38 _sq._
petroglyphs in =10=: 114.
researches in =27=: 72, 73, 85, 102.
Sioux Falls, antiquities near =12=: 38.
Snake Butte, bowlder figures from =12=: 39.
village site of =12=: 41.

=South Doctor, _among Pima_=
in mythology =26=: 209, 210, 211, 212, 248, 259 _sq._
in song =26=: 275.

=South Fork.= _See_ =Hoopa Valley Reserve=.

=South Fork of Potomac River=, pottery from =20=: 164.

=South Island Eskimo=, mention of =46=: 230.

=South Magician= in Pima religion =26=: 251.

=South Mountains=, rhyolite deposits in =15=: 29, 74.

=South River=, implement caches on =15=: 79.

=South Road=, a buffalo trail =42=: 741.

=South Sea Islanders=
masks of the =3=: 98-103.
mnemonic devices of the =10=: 224.
trephining among the =16=: 17, 18, 69, 70.

=South Wind=
characterization of =37=: 440.
offering to =37=: 429, 430, 449, 463, 467, 505.

=Southampton Island Crania=
basiofacial diameters =46=: 280 _sqq._
dental arch =46=: 276.
facial =46=: 266.
facial angles =46=: 285.
means =46=: 286.
mention of =46=: 257, 260, 262, 263, 357.
nose =46=: 268, 270.
orbits =46=: 274.
skulls of children =46=: 297.

=Southeast=, early literature dealing with =42=: 678 _sqq._

=Southeastern Culture=
evolution of =42=: 724 _sqq._
former northward extension of =42=: 726.

=Southern Caddoan Group=, mention of =7=: 113.

=Southern Cheyenne=, researches among =27=: 8.

=Southern Confederacy= and the Cherokee =5=: 326-333, 343.

=Southern Cross=, legend concerning =30=: 261.

=Southern Indians=, urn burial among the =1=: 137.

=Southern Killamuks=
mention of =7=: 134.
_See also_ =Yakwina=.

=Southern Pacific Railroad= =26=: 56.

=Southern Paiute=, numbers of =19=: 923, 929.

=Southern Pima=, references to =28=: 70, 152.

=Southern Section=, districts of =12=: 586-593.

=Southern Tiwa Indians=
early homes of =29=: 524 _sq._
important pueblo =29=: 528, 530.

=Southey, R.=
cited on French prophets =14=: 939.
cited on Methodists =14=: 941.

=Southwest=
bean-shooter in the =24=: 760.
character of tobacco pipes of =20=: 98.
stone balls found in the =24=: 667.
_See also_ =Pueblo=; and names of tribes.

=Southwest Point, Tenn.=
erection of fort at =42=: 841, 845.
importance of fort at =42=: 842.
now Kingston =42=: 836.

=Southwest Society of Archeological Institute of America=, permit
granted =27=: 11.

=Southwestern Tribes=
ball race of the =24=: 665.
_See also_ names of different tribes.

=Southworth, ----=, purchase of land by =18=: 607.

=Southworth, J. R.=, on concession for exploration of Tiburon =17=:
122.

=So´wăniă=, a Cheyenne synonym =14=: 1025.

=Sowersby, _Miss_ Ora A.=
appointment of =38=: p. 21.
work of =38=: p. 18; =39=: 24, 28.

=Sowheag=, account of =18=: 613.

=Sowi Clan=, association of, with Piba clan =19=: 601.

=Sowing=
wild rice =19=: 1057.
wild rice, early Ojibwa traditions of =19=: 1057 _sq._

=Sowinwû=
derivation of =21=: 125.
description of =21=: 103 _sq._
similarity of symbolism of, to that of Tcūb =21=: 103.

=Sowwani´u=, the Algonquian spirit world =14=: 982.

=Soyal Katcina.= _See_ =Ahülani=; =Soyaluña=.

=Soyal Manas=
appearance of, in Soyaluña =21=: 121.
derivation of =21=: 124.
relation of, to clan =21=: 45.
_See also_ =Soyaluña=.

=Soyaluña=
appearance of Ahülani in =21=: 121.
celebration of advent of rain-cloud katcinas in =21=: 57.
ceremony, description of =15=: 260, 268.
description of =21=: 21, 24, 25.
duration of =21=: 20.
images of war gods displayed in =21=: 25, 26.
modifications in, corresponding to celebration of Flute or Snake
dance =21=: 21.
or Winter solstice ceremony =19=: 596.
purpose of =21=: 16.
variation in =21=: 19.

=Soyan ep=
appearance of, in Palülükoñti =21=: 52.
derivation of =21=: 125.
description of =21=: 85.

=Soyennom=, mention of, by Lewis and Clark =14=: 745.

=Soyohim Katcinas=, description of pictures of =21=: 98-106.

=Soyok=, derivation of the name =21=: 71.

=Soyok Mana=
derivation of =21=: 125.
personation of, at Walpi =21=: 74.
_See also_ =Natacka Mana=.

=Soyok Taka=
correspondence of, with Natacka =21=: 74.
derivation of =21=: 125.
personation of, at Walpi =21=: 74.

=Soyok Wüqti=
derivation of =21=: 71.
participation in Powamû festival by =21=: 39, 67.
_See also_ =Natacka Wüqti=.

=Soyoko=
description of =21=: 70, 71.
_See also_ =Natackas=.

=Soyoko Group=, Tcabaiyo reference to =21=: 75.

=Soyol Katcina.= _See_ =Ahülani=.

=Soyol Manas=, appearance of, in Soyaluña =21=: 24.

=Soyowa=
derivation of =21=: 125.
_See also_ =Sio=.

=Space=, discussion of =19=: LV _sq._

=Spades=
burial of, with the dead =44=: 448, 449, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458.
described and figured =13=: 133.
for digging =38=: § 228.
for digging lily-bulbs =35=: 144.

=Spaghnum=, use of =44=: 293, 378.

=Spain=
claim to land south of Cumberland River by =19=: 67.
petroglyphs in =10=: 177 _sq._
retention of posts in south by (1790) =19=: 68.
surrender of southern posts by =19=: 81.
treaty with, in 1795 =19=: 81.
_See also_ =Spaniards=; =Spanish=.

=Spainhour, _Dr._ J. Mason=
assistance of, in exploring mounds =12=: 334.
curious burial described by =1=: 120.
opening of North Carolina mounds by =5=: 61, 73.

=Spanalgee=, identification of, as Isfanȧlgi =42=: 120.

=Spaniards=
attitude of Antilleans toward =25=: 31, 34, 81.
attitude of Borinqueños toward =25=: 36-40.
ceremonial use of colors by =10=: 629.
Cherokee feeling toward =19=: 282.
contact of, with Pima =26=: 26-29.
corn mill introduced by =25=: 106.
early visit of, to Tusayan =8=: 21, 32.
encouragement of Indian hostility by =19=: 62 _sq._, 64, 67 _sq._,
76, 88.
figures of, in conquest play =25=: 248.
greed for gold of =25=: 211 _sq._
in Southern United States =19=: 191-202.
Indian regard for the =14=: 676.
influence of, on removal of old Walpi =19=: 580 _sq._
intermixture of, with ancient Porto Ricans =25=: 25.
legends concerning =19=: 408.
mealing stones introduced by =25=: 106.
Omaha name for the =27=: 612.
period of exploration by =19=: 23-29.
possible influence of, on southern burial practices =20=: 120.
relations of, with the Acoma =47=: 23-28.
relations of, with the Caddo =14=: 1094.
relations of, with the Indians =19=: 98, 99, 100, 101.
slavery inaugurated by =25=: 23 _sq._
Tewa name for =29=: 575.
use made by, of aboriginal trails =42=: 828 _sq._
use of goschis in famines =25=: 50.
where they first found Walpi =15=: 580.
Zuñi invaded by =30=: 35.
_See also_ =Spain=; =Spanish=.

=Spanish=
and Brazilian petroglyphs =10=: 692.
and Zuñi history =13=: 326.
authority, effect of, upon purity of Zuñi kiva type =8=: 112.
beams in Tusayan kivas =8=: 119, 123, 124, 125, 126.
blankets introduced among Dakotas =4=: 121.
churches at Pueblos, Hawikuk =8=: 81, 82, 138.
early explorers, reference to =28=: 186.
influence in cliff-dwelling masonry =16=: 197.
influence in Zuñi and Tusayan =8=: 169, 180, 196, 213, 224.
influence on place names =29=: 96 _sq._
influence on the Zuñi =13=: 331-341, 366.
influence, references to =27=: 67, 81, 114.
missionaries, efforts of, to reach Hopi =28=: 207.
missions established in Tusayan =8=: 22.
monks in Canyon de Chelly =16=: 191.
objects found at Awatobi =17=: 606, 623, 631.
objects unknown to early Tusayan =17=: 741.
origin of Tukabahchee plates =42=: 66.
padres, influence of, on Hopi =19=: 581 _sq._
policy toward Indians =18=: 539-545.
saddles used in mask making =15=: 263.
sheep introduced by =16=: 162.
title to lands in America, basis of =18=: 528.
ware, Florida Peninsula =20=: 120, 129 _sq._
writers as source of information on the southeast =42=: 678, 679,
680.
_See also_ =Spain=; =Spaniards=.

=Spanish Bayonet= =33=: 71.

=Spanish (?) Clan=, native names for =42=: 116.

=Spanish Fork Reserve=, sale of =18=: 830.

=Spanish Fork Uta=, act of Congress affecting =18=: 892.

=Spanish Gens=, chiefs selected from =44=: 192.

=Spanish Moss=, garments of =42=: 683.

=Spanish Moss (?) Clan=, native name for =42=: 116.

=Spanish Needles=
in Cherokee lore =19=: 426.
mention of =33=: 66.

=Spanish Phratry=, clans of =44=: 192.

=Spaptsan Indians=, mention of =41=: 144.

=Sparrow=, Cherokee name for =19=: 281.

=Sparrow Name=, Kwakiutl =35=: 949.

=Sparrow Society=
canes of the =35=: 1154, 1156.
chief of the =35=: 728, 1153 _sq._
mention of =35=: 560, 905, 909, 911, 921, 936, 952, 997, 1150,
1151, 1152, 1161.

=Spartina Michauxiana= =33=: 66.

=Spatterdock=, use of =45=: 460.

=Spattering=, pottery decorated by =17=: 650, 668, 671, 677.

=Spatulate Type= of club =38=: § 151.

=Spawn.= _See_ =Dog Salmon=; =Herring=; =Salmon=; =Silver Salmon=;
=Sockeye Salmon=.

=Speak=, signs for =1=: 345, 373.

=Speaker of Chief= =35=: 460.

=Speaker of House= =35=: 342.

=Speakers= =35=: 753, 757, 765, 771, 787, 788, 899, 956, 1003.

=Speakers, Chief=, office of =42=: 329.

=Speakers’ Dance= =35=: 898, 1085, 1148.

=Speaking=
in public =46=: 526.
objection to =30=: 240, 241.
_See also_ =Speech=; =Speeches=.

=Speaking Posts= =35=: 785, 805, 840, 945.

=Spear-and-Kelp Game=, Kwakiutl =24=: 521.

=Spear-Finger.= _See_ =U`tluñ´ta=.

=Spear Guards=, Eskimo =18=: 226 _sqq._

=Spear Men=, an Arapaho warrior order =14=: 988.

=Spear-points=
burial of sherds resembling, Florida Peninsula =20=: 119.
Casa Grande, reference to =28=: 130.
ivory =46=: 46, 60, 63, 67, 88.
_See also_ =Points=; =Spearheads=.

=Spear-thrower.= _See_ =Estolica=.

=Spearheads=
copper, on Menomini reserve =14=: 36, 37.
description of =44=: 94-97.
distribution of =15=: 142.
Eskimo =18=: 147-150.
of ivory =46=: 170.
of slate =46=: 99.
stone, Eskimo method of making =18=: 91.
types of =37=: 88.
what constitutes =15=: 83.
_See also_ =Arrowheads=; =Fossil Ivory=; =Ivory=; =Projectile
Points=; =Stone=.

=Spearing Game=, Pomo =24=: 550.

=Spearmint=, medicinal use of =43=: 265.

=Spears, _Miss_ Julia Warren=, information furnished by =44=: 392.

=Spears=
distribution of =27=: 448.
Eskimo =18=: 135-140, 151 _sq._, 194 _sq._
Eskimo, for fishing =9=: 286 _sq._
Eskimo, length of =18=: 153 _sq._
for flounders =35=: 157.
for sea-eggs =35=: 154.
harpoon =38=: § 148.
mention of =38=: § 147.
Omaha =13=: 284.
primitive =11=: 238, 314.
rattle =38=: § 573.
shower of =32=: 205.
use of =45=: 105, 242.
_See also_ =Spear-points=; =Spearheads=; =Spearshafts=.

=Spearshafts=, tools used by Eskimo in making =18=: 85.

=Special Comparisons= =10=: 676-744.

=Special Researches= of the Bureau =25=: XIX _sqq._; and _passim_.

=Specialization Areas= in Eastern United States pottery =20=: 21
_sqq._

=Specialized Blades=, discussion of =15=: 84.

=Specific Gravity=
of Eastern United States pottery =20=: 117, 121.
_See also_ =Weight=.

=Specimens=
collected from Arizona Pueblo ruins, number and general character
of =22, i=: 18.
found at Casa Grande =15=: 330 _sqq._

=Speck, _Dr._ Frank G.=
acknowledgment to =28=: 290; =29=: 13; =42=: 33.
contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189.
information obtained by =44=: 191.
information from =42=: 216.
manuscript purchased from =41=: 16.
material of =28=: 275.
paper by =44=: 15.
Pishofa dances described by =44=: 258 _sq._
reference to paper by =44=: 173.
work of =26=: XXII; =27=: 9 (given as _Frank J. Speck_).

=Speck, Frank J.= _See_ =Speck, F. G., _work of_=.

=Spectacle-pod=, use of, in medicine =30=: 48.

=Speech=
differentiation of parts of =1=: 8.
impairment, in vengeance =30=: 359 _sq._
may be specially intoned =38=: § 916.
signs for =1=: 345, 373.
text of, with translation =42=: 611-614.
welcome =38=: § 813.
wooing =35=: 1052, 1065.

=Speeches=
after last song =40=: 533.
at adoption feast =40=: 397.
at funeral =37=: 149 _sqq._
at general council =42=: 311-314.
at scalp dance =46=: 558.
at wake =37=: 141-144.
at War-bundle feast =37=: 471-481, 487-501.
by members of Thunderbird clan =37=: 320 _sq._
by warrior at dance =40=: 513.
by warrior at grave =40=: 381.
delivered in feasts =35=: 788-793.
made by Assiniboin chief =46=: 438 _sq._
made by old men =40=: 273.
of acceptance =37=: 364.
of admonition =37=: 364.
of Crazy Bear =46=: 597 _sqq._
of Le Chef du Tonerre =46=: 600 _sqq._
of presentation =37=: 364.
of the busk =42=: 610 _sq._
of the Medicine dance =37=: 363.
over graves =40=: 393, 395, 401, 409 _sqq._
of welcome =37=: 364.
Pima, Elder Brother on restoring himself to life =26=: 339-346.
Pima, general description of =26=: 339.
Pima, going to war =26=: 353-362.
Pima, on warpath =26=: 201, 363-389.
Pima, opening of rain ceremony =26=: 347-352.
to deceased at funeral =37=: 147, 148.
to dog before sacrifice =37=: 428.
types of, at War-bundle feast =37=: 432.
_See also_ =Oratory=; =Speaking=; =Speech=.

=Speke, John H.=, cited on African customs =9=: 488, 494, 514, 515,
560.

=Spelling Pronunciations=, reference to =40=: 28, 295.

=Spence, George=, translations by =41=: 16.

=Spence.= _See_ =Espence=.

=Spencer, Charles=, cited on Indian medicine-men =9=: 458.

=Spencer, Herbert=
on ancient German priests =9=: 463.
on Australian intermarrying groups =19=: 836.
on Indian customs =9=: 492.
on Indian medicine-men =9=: 455, 457, 458, 459, 461, 467, 468,
472.
on primitive marriage =17=: 284*, 285*.
on the relativity of pains and pleasures =20=: CLXI.

=Spencer, J. W.=
on Indian burial customs =5=: 21.
on partial surface burial =1=: 140.

=Spencerville, Ontario=, Iroquoian pottery found at =20=: 170.

=Spence’s Bridge Band=
basketry of =41=: 431-434, 455 _sq._
territory of =45=: 447.
trade in, of baskets =41=: 156, 157.

=Spengel, J. W.= =46=: 372.

=Spenser, Edmund=, allegory in poetry of =19=: XC.

=Spermophilus Canescens=, squirrel of Pimería =26=: 81.

=Sphaeralcea angustifolia=, Pima medicinal plant =26=: 79.

=Spheno-temporal Region=, full, in Eskimo =46=: 241, 358.

=Spherical Stones= from Pueblo Viejo ruins, description of =22,
i=: 183.

=Sphynx Moth=, story about =42=: 363 _sqq._

=Spicer, J. O.=
acknowledgment to =6=: 409.
cited =6=: 489, 511, 587, 588, 611.

=Spicewood=, medicinal use of =42=: 657; =43=: 265.

=Spider=
a life symbol =36=: 102.
a man-being in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 315.
belief concerning =45=: 394.
characteristics that attract the savages =2=: 286.
deity of the Sia =11=: 26.
design engraved upon shell gorgets =2=: 286, 289.
embodiment of spirit of earth as =21=: 16.
examples of, on shell gorgets =2=: 286.
figure of, on bowl from Homolobi =22, i=: 81, 82.
importance of, in Pueblo mythology =22, i=: 81.
in art =2=: 286.
in Pima legend =28=: 46.
in Pima mythology =26=: 207, 228, 237, 247, 350, 364-367.
in Pima song =26=: 284, 309, 338.
myths and lore concerning =2=: 286; =19=: 241 _sq._, 309.
string figure of =38=: § 702.
_See also_ =Spider’s Web=; =Water Spider=.

=Spider-bean= =33=: 89.

=Spider Clan= =21=: 111.

=Spider, Great=, called to assistance of boy =32=: 130, 426.

=Spider Lily= =33=: 70.

=Spider People=, settlement of, in Tusayan =8=: 27.

=Spider Society=, organization of the =11=: 69.

=Spider Spring=, ceremonial trip to, of war chief =47=: 46.

=Spider Woman=
legends concerning =22, i=: 81, 82.
Navaho myth of =8=: 284.
of the Hopi =15=: 312.
_See also_ =Zuñi, _mythology of_=.

=Spider Women= in Hopi mythology =16=: 303.

=Spider’s Web=
legends concerning =30=: 212, 342.
medicinal use of =43=: 266.
used to defeat opponent in ball game =32=: 449.

=Spiderwort= =33=: 70.

=Spigelia Anthelmintica=, medicinal use of =42=: 669.

=Spikenard=
medicinal use of =43=: 265, 266.
use of =44=: 287.
_See also_ =Aralea Racemosa=.

=Spinden, _Dr._ H. J.=
acknowledgment to =29=: 38.
on Acoma =29=: 542.
on Arroyo Hondo Creek =29=: 176.
on Cochiti =29=: 438, 440.
on Embudo Canyon =29=: 187.
on Fernandez Creek =29=: 184.
on Galisteo Creek =29=: 478.
on hill near Cochiti =29=: 454.
on Huash-pa Tzen-a =29=: 453.
on Isleta =29=: 528.
on Jemez =29=: 400, 401.
on Jemez Creek =29=: 399.
on Jicarita Mountain =29=: 339.
on Kaket´hóa =29=: 195.
on La Hoya =29=: 197.
on Laguna =29=: 539, 540.
on Matsoita =29=: 359.
on Ojo Caliente Creek =29=: 159.
on Ojo Caliente region =29=: 165.
on “old castle” =29=: 194.
on Pecos =29=: 473.
on Peñasco Creek =29=: 191.
on Picuris =29=: 192, 193.
on Picuris mountains =29=: 194.
on Piro =29=: 575.
on Poikethá =29=: 195.
on Pojoaque =29=: 335.
on Ranchos de Taos =29=: 186.
on Rinconado =29=: 189.
on Rio Chiquito =29=: 343.
on Rio Grande =29=: 100.
on San Cristóbal =29=: 488.
on San Felipe =29=: 498, 499.
on San Felipe Mesa =29=: 497.
on San Juan =29=: 212.
on Sandia =29=: 525, 526.
on Sandia Mountain =29=: 513.
on Santa Ana =29=: 520.
on Santa Clara =29=: 241, 242.
on Santa Cruz Creek =29=: 251.
on Santo Domingo =29=: 448.
on Taos =29=: 181.
on Tesuque =29=: 388.
on Tewa =29=: 576.
on trail from Taos to Picuris =29=: 195.
on Weⁿtoⁿta =29=: 196.
reference to =29=: 574.
_See also_ =Will _and_ Spinden=.