The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States
by OpenStories
Original author: Asa Gray
"The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States" by Asa Gray is a scientific publication likely written in the late 19th century. This manual serves as a comprehensive guide to the flora of the United States, focusing on botanical species found east of the Mississippi River and north of North Carolina and Tennessee. The text is aimed at both students and practitioners of botany, providing detailed descriptions and classifications of various plant species in the region. At the start of the manual, the preface outlines the evolution of the work through several editions, the contributions made by the current editors in extending and revising the content, and the importance of maintaining Dr. Gray's principles and methodologies. The editors express their dedication to upholding the high standards established in previous editions while expanding the work to include more recent advances in systematic botany. The beginning also mentions the geographical limits and distribution of plants covered in the manual, indicating a thoughtful approach to the study of botany that takes into account both historical context and contemporary developments.
The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States, by Asa Gray. Republished by OpenStories from Project Gutenberg eBook #39423.
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118 Chapters
- 1.Preface: 161 words
- 2.Preface (1)8,499 words
- 3.Preface (2)8,180 words
- 4.Chapter D: AJACIS, L. Flowers more numerous and spicately racemose; pods5,273 words
- 5.Chapter C: MAJUS, L. (CELANDINE.) Waste grounds near dwellings. May--Aug. (Adv4,099 words
- 6.Chapter D: VERNA, L. (WHITLOW-GRASS.) Small (scapes 1--3' high); leaves all341 words
- 7.Chapter C: SATIVA, Crantz. Annual; leaves lanceolate and arrow-shaped; pods1,669 words
- 8.Chapter C: BURSA-PASTORIS, Moench. Root-leaves clustered, pinnatifid or toothed;340 words
- 9.Chapter L: DRABA, L. Perennial, obscurely hoary; leaves oval or oblong, the2,642 words
- 10.Chapter V: ODORATA, L. (SWEET VIOLET), cultivated in gardens, from Europe,665 words
- 11.Chapter V: TRICOLOR, L. (PANSY. HEART'S-EASE.) Stem angled and branched; leaves854 words
- 12.Chapter D: BARBATUS, L. (SWEET WILLIAM.) Perennial; flowers fascicled; leaves951 words
- 13.Chapter L: FLOS-CUCULI, L. (RAGGED ROBIN.) Perennial, erect, slightly downy1,466 words
- 14.Chapter C: VULGATUM, L. (LARGER M.) Perennial; stems clammy-hairy, spreading4,229 words
- 15.Chapter M: ALCEA, L., with the stem-leaves only once 5-parted or cleft, the1,844 words
- 16.Chapter L: FLORIDANUM, Trelease, of rather stricter habit and the pods broadly248 words
- 17.Chapter L: USITATISSIMUM, L. (COMMON FLAX.) Annual; stem corymbosely branched at10,729 words
- 18.Chapter C: SCOPARIUS, Link. (SCOTCH BROOM.) Glabrous or nearly so (3--5 deg. high);1,047 words
- 19.Chapter M: DENTICULATA, Willd. Nearly glabrous; pods loosely spiral, deeply3,413 words
- 20.Chapter C: VARIA, L. A perennial herb with ascending stems; leaves sessile;1,917 words
- 21.Chapter L: STRIATA, Hook. & Arn. Diffusely branched, decumbent, subpubescent;382 words
- 22.Chapter V: HIRSUTA, Koch. Peduncles 3--6-flowered; leaflets 6--8 pairs,433 words
- 23.Chapter L: PRATENSIS, L. Low and straggling; leaflets narrowly lanceolate to1,701 words
- 24.Chapter C: OCCIDENTALIS, L. Annual; leaflets 4--6 pairs, ovate-lanceolate,7,678 words
- 25.Chapter C: PYRACANTHA, Pers. (EVERGREEN THORN.) Leaves evergreen, shining (1'168 words
- 26.Chapter C: OXYACANTHA, L. (ENGLISH HAWTHORN.) Smooth; leaves obovate,9,201 words
- 27.Chapter L: SALICARIA, L. (SPIKED LOOSESTRIFE.) More or less downy and tall;5,554 words
- 28.Chapter M: VERTICILLATA, L. (CARPET-WEED.) Prostrate, forming patches; leaves1,235 words
- 29.Chapter C: ANTHRISCUS, Hudson, has 1--2-pinnate leaves with broad leaflets, and2,943 words
- 30.Chapter C: PETROSELINUM, Benth., the common PARSLEY, from Europe, with 3-pinnate621 words
- 31.Chapter C: MACULATUM, L. A large branching European herb, in waste places,5,781 words
- 32.Chapter III: STELLATAE. Ovules solitary; leaves in whorls, without stipules2,881 words
- 33.Chapter V: OLITORIA, Poll. Fruit flattish, obliquely rhomboidal; empty cells as (1)8,514 words
- 34.Chapter V: OLITORIA, Poll. Fruit flattish, obliquely rhomboidal; empty cells as (2)8,709 words
- 35.Chapter V: OLITORIA, Poll. Fruit flattish, obliquely rhomboidal; empty cells as (3)784 words
- 36.Chapter I: HELENIUM, L. (ELECAMPANE.) Stout perennial (3--5 deg. high); leaves2,208 words
- 37.Chapter X: STRUMARIUM, L. Low (1--2 deg. high); fruit 6--8'' long, glabrous or6,847 words
- 38.Chapter C: PARTHENIUM, Pers. (FEVERFEW.) Tall, branched, leafy; leaves2,489 words
- 39.Chapter C: LANCEOLATUS, Hoffm. (COMMON THISTLE.) Leaves decurrent on the stem,573 words
- 40.Chapter C: NUTANS, L. (MUSK THISTLE.) Biennial; leaves decurrent, sinuate,386 words
- 41.Chapter L: COMMUNIS, L. Nearly smooth, 1--2 deg. high; lower leaves ovate, sometimes276 words
- 42.Chapter C: INTYBUS, L. Stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, partly clasping, the207 words
- 43.Chapter L: AUTUMNALIS, L. (FALL DANDELION.) Leaves laciniate-toothed or736 words
- 44.Chapter C: TECTORUM, L. Slender, branching from the base, 1 deg. high; leaves1,430 words
- 45.Chapter L: SCARIOLA, L. (PRICKLY LETTUCE.) Stem below sparsely prickly-bristly,2,010 words
- 46.Chapter C: GLOMERATA, L. (CLUSTERED B.) Somewhat hairy, stout and erect, 1 deg5,795 words
- 47.Chapter L: PALUSTRE, L., with linear leaves, 10 stamens, and short-oval capsule,3,906 words
- 48.Chapter L: VULGARIS, L., a coarse and tall European species, pubescent and172 words
- 49.Chapter L: NUMMULARIA, L. (MONEYWORT.) Smooth; stems trailing and creeping;2,659 words
- 50.Chapter L: VULGARE, L. (PRIVET, or PRIM.) Leaves very smooth; berries3,008 words
- 51.Chapter V: NIGRUM, Moench. More or less twining, nearly smooth; leaves ovate or8,106 words
- 52.Chapter C: OFFICINALE, L. (COMMON HOUND'S-TONGUE.) Biennial; clothed with short1,070 words
- 53.Chapter M: PALUSTRIS, Withering. (TRUE FORGET-ME-NOT.) Perennial; stems221 words
- 54.Chapter M: VERSICOLOR, Pers. More slender than the last, simple at base; racemes200 words
- 55.Chapter L: OFFICINALE, L. (COMMON GROMWELL.) Much branched above, erect (1--2 deg769 words
- 56.Chapter L: ARVENSIS, L. (SMALL BUGLOSS.) Very rough-bristly (1 deg. high); leaves648 words
- 57.Chapter I: PURPUREA, Lam. (COMMON MORNING-GLORY.) Annual, stems retrorsely468 words
- 58.Chapter C: ARVENSIS, L. (BINDWEED.) Perennial; stem procumbent or twining, and536 words
- 59.Chapter C: EPITHYMUM, Murr. Stems very slender; flowers capitate; corolla-lobes2,443 words
- 60.Chapter L: VULGARE, Dunal. (COMMON M.) Shrub with long sarmentose315 words
- 61.Chapter D: TATULA, L. (PURPLE T.) Mostly taller; stem purple; corolla pale208 words
- 62.Chapter I: ANTIRRHINIDEAE. Upper lip or lobes of the corolla covering the lower363 words
- 63.Chapter II: RHINANTHIDEAE. Under lip or the lateral lobes of the corolla covering429 words
- 64.Chapter V: LYCHNITIS, L. (WHITE M.) Clothed with thin powdery woolliness; stem286 words
- 65.Chapter L: SPURIA, Mill. Like the preceding, but with roundish or cordate leaves1,441 words
- 66.Chapter M: LUTEUS, L. Erect or with later branches spreading; leaves ovate to1,608 words
- 67.Chapter V: CHAMAEDRYS, L. Stem pubescent, at least in two lines, ascending from359 words
- 68.Chapter V: HEDERAEFOLIA, L. (IVY-LEAVED SPEEDWELL.) Leaves rounded5,060 words
- 69.Chapter C: BIGNONIOIDES, Walt., of Ga., Ala. and Miss., very widely cultivated,1,147 words
- 70.Chapter V: OFFICINALIS, L. (EUROPEAN V.) Annual, glabrous or nearly so,2,757 words
- 71.Chapter M: ARVENSIS, L. (CORN MINT.) Lower and smaller-leaved than the last;1,680 words
- 72.Chapter C: NEPETA, Link. (BASIL-THYME.) Soft-hairy; stem ascending (1--3 deg. high);251 words
- 73.Chapter M: OFFICINALIS, L. (COMMON BALM.) Upright, branching, perennial,3,624 words
- 74.Chapter M: VULGARE, L. (COMMON HOREHOUND.) Stems ascending; leaves round-ovate,377 words
- 75.Chapter L: SIBIRICUS, L. Tall biennial; leaves 3-parted, the divisions292 words
- 76.Chapter L: MACULATUM, L. Like the last, but leaves more frequently marked with a5,232 words
- 77.Chapter C: BONUS-HENRICUS, L. (GOOD-KING-HENRY.) Stout, erect (1--2 deg. high),236 words
- 78.Chapter C: AMBROSIOIDES, L. (MEXICAN TEA.) Smoothish; leaves slightly7,156 words
- 79.Chapter D: MEZEREUM, L. Shrub 1--3 deg. high, with purple-rose-colored (rarely7,078 words
- 80.Chapter C: SATIVA, L. (HEMP.) Stem 4--8 deg. high; leaves 4--8' broad; flowers395 words
- 81.Chapter M: ALBA, L. (WHITE MULBERRY.) Leaves obliquely heart-ovate, (1)8,759 words
- 82.Chapter M: ALBA, L. (WHITE MULBERRY.) Leaves obliquely heart-ovate, (2)8,779 words
- 83.Chapter M: ALBA, L. (WHITE MULBERRY.) Leaves obliquely heart-ovate, (3)5,911 words
- 84.Chapter I: CAROLINIANA, Watson, resembling n. 1, but with longer laxer and319 words
- 85.Chapter I: PSEUDACORUS, L., the YELLOW IRIS of European marshes, with very long3,968 words
- 86.Chapter M: RACEMOSUM, Mill. Leaves 1--11/2'' broad; flowers oblong-urceolate,2,715 words
- 87.Chapter L: TIGRINUM, Ker. (TIGER LILY.) Tall, pubescent above; leaves scattered, (1)8,781 words
- 88.Chapter L: TIGRINUM, Ker. (TIGER LILY.) Tall, pubescent above; leaves scattered, (2)8,784 words
- 89.Chapter L: TIGRINUM, Ker. (TIGER LILY.) Tall, pubescent above; leaves scattered, (3)1,344 words
- 90.Chapter C: FUSCUS, L. Of similar habit; spikelets much smaller (2--4'' long),10,817 words
- 91.Chapter C: LUPULINA x RETRORSA, Dudley. Distinguished from C. lupulina by its794 words
- 92.Chapter C: BULLATA x UTRICULATA, Bailey. Perigynium considerably smaller and301 words
- 93.Chapter C: LURIDA x LUPULINA, Bailey. Very like C. lurida, but the spikes1,089 words
- 94.Chapter C: HIRTA, L. Variable in size ({1/2}--2 deg. high), widely creeping; culm339 words
- 95.Chapter C: ACUTIFORMIS, Ehrh. Stout, 2--3 deg. high; culm thick and sharp, mostly821 words
- 96.Chapter C: STRICTA x FILIFORMIS. Leaves and culms very slender; spikes short (1'394 words
- 97.Chapter C: STRICTA x SALINA, Bailey. Spikes thinner and more scattered, more308 words
- 98.Chapter C: CRINITA x TORTA, Bailey. More slender than C. crinita, the leaves712 words
- 99.Chapter C: ARCTATA x CASTANEA, Bailey. Leaves mostly narrower, less hairy or390 words
- 100.Chapter C: DEBILIS x VIRESCENS, Bailey. Plant slender and very green; leaves321 words
- 101.Chapter C: GRACILLIMA x PUBESCENS, Bailey. Tall and erect; leaves narrower than603 words
- 102.Chapter C: EXTENSA, Gooden. Slender but strict, 1--2 deg. high; leaves involute;3,032 words
- 103.Chapter C: PRAECOX, Jacq. Rather stiff, the culm sometimes curved, 3--10' high;1,577 words
- 104.Chapter C: ARENARIA, Linn. Extensively creeping, 1 deg. high or less; leaves very453 words
- 105.Chapter C: MURICATA, L. Culm 1--2 deg. high, rough, longer than the narrow leaves;2,762 words
- 106.Chapter C: LEPORINA, L. Distinguished from C. straminea, var. brevior, as (1)8,682 words
- 107.Chapter C: LEPORINA, L. Distinguished from C. straminea, var. brevior, as (2)6,520 words
- 108.Chapter C: DACTYLON, Pers. Spikes 3--5; flowering glume smooth, longer than the4,175 words
- 109.Chapter D: GLOMERATA, L. Rough, rather glaucous (3 deg. high); leaves broadly3,519 words
- 110.Chapter L: TEMULENTUM, L. (BEARDED DARNEL.) Root annual; culm taller; outer614 words
- 111.Chapter L: INCURVATUS, Trin. Much branched, decumbent, 6' high or less; spikes10,872 words
- 112.Chapter L: ALPINUM, L., or its var. SABINAEFOLIUM, occurs from Labrador to (1)8,696 words
- 113.Chapter L: ALPINUM, L., or its var. SABINAEFOLIUM, occurs from Labrador to (2)4,914 words
- 114.Chapter L: VULGARIS, Raddi. Thallus 1--2' long, forked, innovating from the1,151 words
- 115.Chapter C: SPINOSA, L. Viscid-pubescent, 3--4 deg. high; a pair of short stipular293 words
- 116.Chapter L: INTERMEDIUM, Fries. Resembling L. purpureum, but the calyx-teeth (1)7,972 words
- 117.Chapter L: INTERMEDIUM, Fries. Resembling L. purpureum, but the calyx-teeth (2)6,344 words
- 118.Chapter L: INTERMEDIUM, Fries. Resembling L. purpureum, but the calyx-teeth (3)1,490 words