Chapter C: ARVENSIS, L. (BINDWEED.) Perennial; stem procumbent or twining, and

low; leaves ovate-oblong, arrow-shaped, with the lobes at the base acute; peduncles mostly 1-flowered; bracts minute, remote; corolla (9'' long) white or tinged with reddish.--Old fields, N. Atlantic States. (Eu.)

4. BREWERIA, R. Br.

Styles 2, or rarely 3, simple and distinct, or else united into one below; stigmas depressed-capitate. Otherwise as Convolvulus and Evolvulus.--Perennial prostrate or diffusely spreading herbs; flowers small; in summer; corolla more or less hairy or silky outside. (Named for _Samuel Brewer_, an English botanist or amateur of the 18th century.)

1. B. humistrata, Gray. _Sparsely hairy_ or nearly smooth; leaves varying from oblong with a somewhat heart-shaped base to linear, mucronate or emarginate; peduncles 1--7-flowered; bracts shorter than the pedicels; _sepals pointed, glabrous_ or nearly so; _corolla white; filaments hairy; styles united at base_. (Bonamia humistrata, _Gray_.)--Dry pine barrens, Va. to La.

2. B. aquatica, Gray. _Minutely soft downy_ and somewhat hoary; peduncles 1--3-flowered; _sepals silky; corolla pink or purple; filaments smooth; styles almost distinct_; otherwise nearly as n. 1. (Bonamia aquatica, _Gray_.)--Wet pine barrens and margins of ponds, N. C. to Tex., extending into Mo.

3. B. Pickeringii, Gray. Soft-pubescent or smoothish; _leaves very narrowly linear_ or the lowest linear-spatulate, tapering to the base, nearly sessile; peduncles 1--3-flowered; _bracts resembling the leaves_, mostly exceeding the flowers; _sepals hairy; filaments_ (scarcely hairy) _and styles (united far above the middle) exserted from the open white corolla_. (Bonamia Pickeringii, _Gray_.)--Dry pine barrens and prairies, N. J. and southward; also W. Ill.

5. EVOLVULUS, L.

Calyx of 5 sepals, naked at base. Corolla open funnel-form or almost rotate. Styles 2, each 2-cleft; stigmas obtuse. Capsule 2-celled; the cells 2-seeded.--Low and small herbs or suffrutescent plants, mostly diffuse, never twining (hence the name, from _evolvo_, to unroll, in contrast with Convolvulus).

1. E. argenteus, Pursh. Many-stemmed from a somewhat woody base, dwarf, silky-villous all over; leaves crowded, broadly lanceolate, sessile, or the lower oblong spatulate and short-petioled, about 1/2' long; flowers almost sessile in the axils; corolla purple, 3'' broad.--Sterile plains and prairies, Dak. and Neb. to Mo. and Tex.

6. CUSCUTA, Tourn. DODDER.

Calyx 5- (rarely 4-) cleft, or of 5 sepals. Corolla globular-urn-shaped, bell-shaped, or short-tubular, the spreading border 5- (rarely 4-) cleft, imbricate. Stamens with a scale-like often fringed appendage at base. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; styles distinct, or rarely united. Capsule mostly 4-seeded. Embryo thread-shaped, spirally coiled in the rather fleshy albumen, destitute of cotyledons, sometimes with a few alternate scales (belonging to the plumule); germination occurring in the soil.--Leafless annual herbs, with thread-like yellowish or reddish stems, bearing a few minute scales in place of leaves; on rising from the ground becoming entirely parasitic on the bark of herbs and shrubs on which they twine, and to which they adhere by means of suckers developed on the surface in contact. Flowers small, cymose-clustered, mostly white; usually produced late in summer and in autumn. (Name supposed to be of Arabic derivation.)

Sec. 1. _Stigmas elongated; capsule circumscissile._

C. EPILINUM, Weihe. (FLAX DODDER.) Stems very slender, low; flowers globular, sessile in dense scattered heads; corolla 5-parted, short-cylindrical, scarcely exceeding the broadly ovate acute divisions of the calyx, persistent around the capsule; stamens included; scales short, broad, crenulate, shorter than the globose ovary.--Flax-fields; in Europe very injurious; sparingly introduced with flax-seed into the Northern States. June.